Election Monitor No.11
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												Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar
Myanmar Development Research (MDR) (Present) Enlightened Myanmar Research (EMR) Wing (3), Room (A-305) Thitsar Garden Housing. 3 Street , 8 Quarter. South Okkalarpa Township. Yangon, Myanmar +951 562439 Acknowledgement of Myanmar Development Research This edition of the “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)” is the first published collection of facts and information of political parties which legally registered at the Union Election Commission since the pre-election period of Myanmar’s milestone 2010 election and the post-election period of the 2012 by-elections. This publication is also an important milestone for Myanmar Development Research (MDR) as it is the organization’s first project that was conducted directly in response to the needs of civil society and different stakeholders who have been putting efforts in the process of the political transition of Myanmar towards a peaceful and developed democratic society. We would like to thank our supporters who made this project possible and those who worked hard from the beginning to the end of publication and launching ceremony. In particular: (1) Heinrich B�ll Stiftung (Southeast Asia) for their support of the project and for providing funding to publish “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)”. (2) Party leaders, the elected MPs, record keepers of the 56 parties in this book who lent their valuable time to contribute to the project, given the limited time frame and other challenges such as technical and communication problems. (3) The Chairperson of the Union Election Commission and all the members of the Commission for their advice and contributions. - 
												
												Myanmar Maneuvers How to Break Political-Criminal Alliances in Contexts of Transition
United Nations University Centre for Policy Research Crime-Conflict Nexus Series: No 9 April 2017 Myanmar Maneuvers How to Break Political-Criminal Alliances in Contexts of Transition Dr. Vanda Felbab-Brown Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution This material has been funded by UK aid from the UK government; however the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the UK government’s official policies. © 2017 United Nations University. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-92-808-9040-2 Myanmar Maneuvers How to Break Political-Criminal Alliances in Contexts of Transition 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Myanmar case study analyzes the complex interactions between illegal economies -conflict and peace. Particular em- phasis is placed on understanding the effects of illegal economies on Myanmar’s political transitions since the early 1990s, including the current period, up through the first year of the administration of Aung San Suu Kyi. Described is the evolu- tion of illegal economies in drugs, logging, wildlife trafficking, and gems and minerals as well as land grabbing and crony capitalism, showing how they shaped and were shaped by various political transitions. Also examined was the impact of geopolitics and the regional environment, particularly the role of China, both in shaping domestic political developments in Myanmar and dynamics within illicit economies. For decades, Burma has been one of the world’s epicenters of opiate and methamphetamine production. Cultivation of poppy and production of opium have coincided with five decades of complex and fragmented civil war and counterinsur- gency policies. An early 1990s laissez-faire policy of allowing the insurgencies in designated semi-autonomous regions to trade any products – including drugs, timber, jade, and wildlife -- enabled conflict to subside. - 
												
												Vi. the Myanmar Prison System
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1 II. BACKGROUND......................................................................................................4 Subsequent developments..........................................................................................4 Human rights and the National Convention...............................................................6 Summary of recent arrests and releases .....................................................................8 III. UPDATE ON THE ARREST AND PRE-TRIAL DETENTION PROCESS.......10 Arbitrary arrests and detention without judicial oversight ......................................11 Torture and ill-treatment during pre-trial detention.................................................15 IV. UPDATE ON POLITICAL TRIALS AND SENTENCES...................................17 Sentencing................................................................................................................19 The death penalty.....................................................................................................20 V. UPDATE ON PROBLEMATIC LAWS................................................................25 VI. THE MYANMAR PRISON SYSTEM .................................................................30 Continuing humanitarian concerns ..........................................................................31 VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................34 - 
												
												Burma's 2015 Parliamentary Elections: Issues for Congress
Burma’s 2015 Parliamentary Elections: Issues for Congress Michael F. Martin Specialist in Asian Affairs March 28, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44436 Burma’s 2015 Parliamentary Elections: Issues for Congress Summary The landslide victory of Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy (NLD) in Burma’s November 2015 parliamentary elections may prove to be a major step in the nation’s potential transition to a more democratic government. Having won nearly 80% of the contested seats in the election, the NLD has a majority in both chambers of the Union Parliament, which gave it the ability to select the President-elect, as well as control of most of the nation’s Regional and State Parliaments. Burma’s 2008 constitution, however, grants the Burmese military, or Tatmadaw, widespread powers in the governance of the nation, and nearly complete autonomy from civilian control. One quarter of the seats in each chamber of the Union Parliament are reserved for military officers appointed by the Tatmadaw’s Commander-in-Chief, giving them the ability to block any constitutional amendments. Military officers constitute a majority of the National Defence and Security Council, an 11-member body with some oversight authority over the President. The constitution also grants the Tatmadaw “the right to independently administer and adjudicate all affairs of the armed services,” and designates the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services as “the ‘Supreme Commander’ of all armed forces,” which could have serious implications for efforts to end the nation’s six-decade-long, low-grade civil war. - 
												
												Encounters with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
8 Encounters with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi During the early 2000s, there were opportunities to have substantive contact with the best-known and most impressive politician in Myanmar, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, whose party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), had won an overwhelming majority of the seats in the only recent elections in 1990, and who had never been charged with any offence under the law, but was regularly placed under house arrest. Usually, neither she nor the NLD were able to carry out normal political activities of any kind, even though the NLD was legally registered as a political party and had not been banned by the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC). For its part, the military regime (especially its leader from 1994–2011, Senior General Than Shwe) pursued policies towards Aung San Suu Kyi and the NLD that were often contradictory and which swung dramatically from tightening restrictions against her in September 2000 to engaging in (secret) talks in January 2001, before releasing her completely in May 2002. Suu Kyi’s party, the NLD, was basically a coalition of left-leaning groups and military leaders who had fallen out with the mainstream of the army. It was formed to compete in the 1990 elections, and was still an officially registered party until 2010, when it split over whether to contest the 2010 elections. Even as a legal political party, the NLD was under constant pressure from the authorities, who constantly monitored NLD members’ movements and activities, 97 EYEWITNESS TO EARLY REFORM IN MYANMAR subjected members to various forms of low-level harassment, and actively sought to pressure them to leave the party. - 
												
												National League for Democracy – 2010 Elections – Ethnic Chinese – Bribery – Corruption – Exit Procedures 9 June 2010
Country Advice Myanmar Myanmar – MMR36666 – National League for Democracy – 2010 elections – Ethnic Chinese – Bribery – Corruption – Exit procedures 9 June 2010 1. Please provide information on the structure and aims of the National League for Democracy (NLD). The latest UK Home Office country report on Burma (March 2009) has a section on the National League for Democracy (NLD). According to this collated information, ―the NLD remains the most important source of political opposition to the junta‖, although it is noted that years of intense harassment by the junta have weakened the party. According to information in the country report, Aung San Suu Kyi leads the party, including the youth wing. (Elsewhere she is referred to as the de facto leader.) Committees exist within the NLD, including Social Welfare, Woman‘s Association, Medical Assistance, Adult Membership Committee, Media Committee, Legal Committee and Youth Wing. No further information was found on the structure or internal workings of the party. According to the report, meetings have not been held in many NLD offices in Burma following the September 2007 demonstrations due to restrictions placed on holding gatherings and the closure of offices across the country. One NLD member also reported that ―a lack of direction from NLD headquarters has also hampered some meetings.‖ The section follows in full: 11.09 The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) noted in its report on Burma, dated 9 October 2008, that: ―The NLD remains the most important source of political opposition to the junta. However, years of intense harassment by the junta have weakened the party. Most party offices have been forced to close and many members forced to resign. - 
												
												Beyond Borders: Stories of Yunnanese Chinese Migrants of Burma
Beyond Borders Beyond Borders Stories of Yunnanese Chinese Migrants of Burma Wen-Chin Chang Cornell University Press Ithaca and London Cover photograph: Chinese school in Kengtung, a major Chinese migrant town in eastern Shan State. Photograph 2008 by Wen-Chin Chang. The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the Harvard-Yenching Institute. All royalties earned from sales of this book are donated to the Thabyay Education Foundation (Yangon, Burma) and the Aung Myin Monastery School (Namaw village, Shwe Bo township, Sagaing Region, Burma) to assist their education projects. Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chang, Wen-Chin, 1964– author. Beyond borders : stories of Yunnanese Chinese migrants of Burma / Wen-Chin Chang. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5331-1 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8014-7967-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Burma—Emigration and immigration. 2. China—Emigration and immigration. 3. Thailand—Emigration and immigration. 4. Chinese— Migrations. 5. Chinese—Burma. 6. Muslims—Burma. I. Title. DS732. C439 2015 305.895'10591—dc23 2014019460 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. - 
												
												Bringing About Change in Burma
EURO - BURMA OFFICE European Office for the Development of Democracy in Burma Bringing About Change in Burma. By Harn Yawnghwe* *Harn Yawnghwe is Director of the Euro-Burma Office in Brussels, a joint project of the European Co mmission and the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. He is Burmese; studied engineering at Chulalongkorn University; holds a degree in Mining Engineering & Mineral Economics, and an MBA in International Business and Finance from McGill University, Canada. Square Gutenberg 11/2, 1000 Brussels, Belgium - Tel:32 (2) 280 0691 - Fax: 32 (2) 280 0310 - e-mail: [email protected] 2 BRINGING ABOUT CHANGE IN BURMA Contents: Summary Page 3 Introduction Page 4 What brought about the change? Page 4 The current ‘Secret Talks’. Page 5 Analysis of the ‘Secret Talks’ Page 6 How can the ‘Secret Talks’ be further developed? Page 7 Basic Issues Page 8 Map of Burma Page 9 The Constitutional Problem Page 10 A Comprehensive International Strategy Page 11 Recommended Basic Steps Page 12 Conclusion Page 13 Notes – Various Page 14 Notes – Some Definitions Page 15 Appendices Appendix I - “No Secret Deal” – Aung San Suu Kyi, 1995” Appendix II - “A Possible Transition Plan for Burma/Myanmar” 3 Bringing About Change in Burma. Summary The Burmese military has in the past changed when its survival was threatened. It changed from ruling through the Revolutionary Council in 1962 to ruling through the Burmese Socialist Programme Party in 1974. In 1988, the State Law and Order Restoration Council discarded ‘socialism’ and adopted ‘capitalism’ hoping to replace foreign aid with foreign investments. In 2000 the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) again changed tactics from one of confrontation to one of ‘dialogue’. - 
												
												Eyewitness to Early Reform in Myanmar
Eyewitness to Early Reform in Myanmar Eyewitness to Early Reform in Myanmar TREVOR WILSON ASIAN STUDIES SERIES MONOGRAPH 7 Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Wilson, Trevor, author. Title: Eyewitness to early reform in Myanmar / Trevor Wilson. ISBN: 9781925022988 (paperback) 9781925022995 (ebook) Series: Asian studies series monograph. Subjects: Democratization--Burma. Government, Resistance to--Burma. Burma--Politics and government--1988- Dewey Number: 320.9591 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: Golden Rock Kyaiktiyo at Dawn by David Wansbrough. This edition © 2016 ANU Press Contents Preface . vii Acknowledgements . ix List of Acronyms and Abbreviations . xi 1 . Introduction . 1 2 . The Historical Contexts . 9 3 . Australian Ambassador to Myanmar . 23 4 . Working Under Military Authoritarian Rule . 33 5 . Myanmar in 2000: Ready Or Not For Change? . 57 6 . Engagement Versus Disengagement . 69 7 . Australia’s ‘Limited Engagement’ Initiatives . .. 83 8 . Encounters with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi . 97 9 . Bilateral Sanctions and Successful Alternative Approaches . 115 10 . Early Australian Public Diplomacy Possible in Myanmar . 129 11 . Reflections on Coming to Terms with Myanmar: Personally and as Convener, ANU Burma/Myanmar Update 2004–13 . 145 Bibliography . 153 Map of Myanmar/Burma Source: The Australian National University CartoGIS Preface The period between 1999 and 2003 proved to be quite an interesting period in modern Myanmar history, because it provided unusual insights into the political and other forces that propelled Myanmar on its pathway towards a transition to democracy. - 
												
												Building Technical, Facilitation and Communication Skills for Officials from Ministries with Responsibility For
Progress Report (1st 9 events) Building Technical, Facilitation and Communication Skills for Officials from Ministries with Responsibility for Implementing REDD+ Policies and Measures Submitted by RECOFTC – The Center for People and Forests (Myanmar Country Program) May 2019 Table of Contents 1. Background .................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Training objectives ......................................................................................................................... 1 3. Training venue, dates and participants ............................................................................................ 2 4. Training flow .................................................................................................................................. 4 5. Training approach .......................................................................................................................... 4 6. Training activities ........................................................................................................................... 5 7. Overall evaluation on training participants ..................................................................................... 6 8. Contribution of training to the capacity of participants ................................................................... 6 8.1 Officials of Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation - MOALI ............................................... - 
												
												Economic and Social Council
70+6'& ' 0#6+105 'EQPQOKECP5QEKCN Distr. %QWPEKN GENERAL E/CN.4/2004/30 3 March 2004 Original: ENGLISH COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Sixtieth session Item 9 of the provisional agenda QUESTION OF THE VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD Situation of human rights in Myanmar Report of the Secretary-General GE.04-11545 (E) 100304 E/CN.4/2004/30 page 2 Summary The present report is based upon the good offices efforts undertaken by the Secretary-General and his Special Envoy, Razali Ismail, in facilitating national reconciliation and democratization in Myanmar, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 58/247. The events of 30 May 2003, which resulted in the arrest and subsequent detention of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and other members of the National League for Democracy (NLD), as well as the death of at least four people, jeopardized earlier progress towards democratization and national reconciliation in Myanmar. While many of those detained in connection with the 30 May incident have since been released, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and three other top members of the NLD Central Executive Committee (CEC) remain under house arrest. NLD offices across the country remain closed. Large numbers of political detainees also remain in prison. There are credible reports that politically motivated arrests continue. In August 2003 the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) announced a seven-step road map for democratic transition. The road map has the potential to be a positive step forward, provided that it is implemented with the participation of all interested parties and is conducted in a transparent and free fashion from the beginning. - 
												
												President U Htin Kyaw Welcomes Lao PM Thongloun Sisoulith
EVERY INDIVIDUAL CAN ENJOY HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE DISABLED CAN DO LIKEWISE P-8-9 (OPINIon) NATIONAL NALATION NATIONAL State Counsellor, Vice President Over 17,000 Asian Laotian PM witness U Myint Swe attends 2018 Naga water birds found signing of MoUs Traditional New Year Festival in Indawgyi Lake PAGE-3 PAGE-6 PAGE-10 Vol. IV, No. 274, 15th Waning of Pyatho 1379 ME www.globalnewlightofmyanmar.com Tuesday, 16 January 2018 Union Minister inspects of issuing NVCs in Sittway Union Minister for Social Wel- fare, Relief and Resettlement Dr. Win Myat Aye, chairman of the Implementation Committee on recommendations of Advi- sory Committee on Rakhine State, inspected the process of issuing national verification cards (NVCs) in Sittway, Rakh- ine State, yesterday morning. The committee is adopting measures to expedite the citi- zenship scrutiny process in the Rakhine State. To inform the local people of the the benefits of holding an NVC, education- al talks are being held in the region. NVC holders will have sound proof of identification in Rakhine. The Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population will issue the NVCs , and those who already possess the cards President U Htin Kyaw receives Lao People’s Democratic Republic (LPDR) Prime Minister Mr. Thongloun Sisoulith. PHOTO: MNA can use it as an official fishing licence as well. Moreover, they can overcome the difficulties President U Htin Kyaw welcomes of procuring food, clothing and shelter by holding this card. Dr. Win Myat Aye met with Lao PM Thongloun Sisoulith local people in Sittway two days ago and explained the govern- ment’s preparations for repa- Lao People’s Democratic Re- emony held at the Presidential ace at 3 p.m.