Twenty-Five Cents March 6, 1970

A Journal of Free Voices A Window to the South The Observer The Welfare Crisis

Austin they circled the rotunda singing hyms and reporter, and said, "They wouldn't work if A group of welfare mothers recently waving placards calling for more state their lives depended on it." funds to feed and clothe their children. went to the State Capitol to protest "Oh, I think they would if they had the A well-dressed white woman apparently impending payment cuts to families with chance," the reporter answered. dependent children. While waiting for an on a sightseeing pilgrimage to the seat of interview with the lieutenant governor, her government, sidled over to a white "No," the elderly lady insisted with the superior sniff of the hiring class, "I know they won't. I've tried to get them to come out to clean my house, and they won't."

The exchange could not have been more of a cliche, but it did happen. And other middle class whites who accompanied the demonstrators said they heard similar comments from other affluent tourists in the Capitol that day.

O N THE national level, sociologists debate whether the poor can best be brought into the economic mainstream through education and training or income supplements. But while some federal experts are calling for a guaranteed income that will bring every destitute American into the middle class (thus transforming the nation's diamond-shaped income structure into a pyramidal one), the Texas public still questions whether public welfare is necessary at all; and the Legislature reacts to the political climate by providing less than subsistence payments to the needy. When the welfare board made its most recent announcement that medical assistance and aid for families with dependent children (AFDC) would have to be cut, many persons asked the governor to call a special session to appropriate more funds. Smith expressed sympathy for the plight of the state's dependent children who were facing a cut from 75% of their estimated needs to 66%, but, significantly, he added, for the anti-welfare element, "at the same time, we must consider the interests of other citizens who are struggling to stay off public welfare rolls in rising inflation and for whom additional taxes might well be the burden that breaks Welfare Children Dine During Demonstration at Capitol their backs." —Austin American Statesman Photo As news of the impending welfare cuts scale of payments until September. Then, apply to medical assistance funds; so spread, Lt. Gov. called for a if welfare officials' figures are correct, an expenditures in that field are limited only special session. So did Atty. Gen. Crawford additional $41.5 million will be needed for by the generosity of the governor and the Martin and a number of legislators. The the 1971 fiscal year. The governor has not Legislature and a constitutional provision governor, however, was convinced that a said where he will get these funds. that prohibits the state from deficit session before the primary elections in May spending. During the last session, the would turn into a circus, possibly injuring T 0 MAKE THE situation even Legislature cut the welfare department's his chances for reelection. He averted the more complicated, the state constitution requested budget by approximately $50 immediate crisis by doing a juggling act sets $80 million a year as the ceiling for the million, despite the fact that department with state moneys, and pledged that there public assistance program. (This includes spokesmen explained repeatedly that the will be no reduction in payments to old age, blind, permanently and totally money would be needed for the increasing welfare recipients. Smith said he will take disabled, and AFDC payments.) The state bill for medical assistance. In July of $7.5 million from the appropriation for a Legislature has appropriated $75 million a 1969, the federal government reduced its new medical school in Lubbock, his year, leaving only $5 million more to be hometown, and another $6 million from matching formula for medical payments spent. Welfare department officials believe from 4-1 to 2-1, increasing the state's the new University of Texas at they can stay within the constitutional medical school. The school funds were payments by $25 million a year. limit this year by continuing to pay Legislators knew the increase was coming; budgeted for planning, and their temporary dependent children only 75% of their they simply did not appropriate funds for transfer will not adversely affect building budgeted needs. (The other three it. schedules, Smith said. No Texas governor categories of the needy are all budgeted at has ever attempted to shift such large 100% of need.) But if the welfare rolls appropriated sums from one account to continue to increase at the present rate, T HE PRESENT crisis came to another. Smith said he would confer with department expenditures will reach the public attention when the State Board of the attorney general to see if the transfers constitutional ceiling, and payment Public Welfare approved effective April 1, a are legal. He• also recommended some percentages will have to be lowered. $55 million reduction in payments for minor changes in welfare fund The state's voters approved a medical assistance and aid to families with administration which he hopes will isolate constitutional amendment increasing the dependent children. Welfare officials another one or two million dollars for welfare ceiling from $60 to $80 million last explained that the burgeoning numbers of payments to the poor. August. The Senate originally approved an welfare rolls accounted for the cuts. Last Smith pulled the $13.5 million out of amendment abolishing the ceiling on August, there were 38,084 AFDC families the hat after weeks of agonized speculation welfare funds, but the House amended the and 169,860 recipients. "We had by welfare recipients, hospital bill, insisting on an $80 million cutoff anticipated an increase of about 5,000 administrators, and the press on how the point. The Senate accepted the House recipients per month for the first few state's poor might weather a significant cut amendment with only two senators, Oscar months after September," Deputy Welfare in welfare funds. But the crisis is not over. Mauzy of and A. R. Schwartz of Commissioner Herbert C. Wilson explained. The $13.5 million should allow the Galveston, voting against the compromise. "Instead of an increase of 5,000, the rolls welfare department to maintain its present The constitutional limitation does not have gone up an average of almost 10,000 per month. Since the state constitution prohibits overspending, it had nothing to THE TEXAS OBSERVER do but cut." © The Texas Observer Publishing Co. 1970 Decisions by federal courts opening the A Journal of Free Voices A Window to the South 64th YEAR—ESTABLISHED 1906 welfare rolls to new recipients account for the expanding numbers. Courts recently Vol. LXII, No. 5 7c=> March 6, 1970 have ordered the state to eliminate residency requirements - for welfare Incorporating the State Observer and the East Texas them the editor does not necessarily imply that he applicants, to disregard income in families Democrat, which in turn incorporated the State Week agrees with them, because this is a journal of free earned by children 14 years or under, and and Austin Forum-Advocate. voices. to pay benefits to mothers of dependent We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to The Observer is published by Texas Observer the truth as we find it and the right as we see it. We Publishing Co., biweekly from Austin, Texas. Entered children even if there is an ablebodied man are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values as Second-class matter April 26, 1937, at the Post living in the house. Other suits are pending above all interests, to the rights of man as the Office at Austin, Texas, under the Act of March 3, foundation of democracy; we will take orders from 1879. Second class postage paid at Austin, Texas. that would make even more persons none but our own conscience, and never will we Single copy, 25c. One year, $7.00; two years, $13.00; eligible for welfare. overlook or misrepresent the truth to serve the three years, $18.00; plus, for Texas addresses, 4 1/4% interests of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the sales tax. Foreign, except APO/FPO, 50c additional Because of insufficient funding, the state human spirit. per year. Air-mail, bulk orders, and group rates on Editor, Greg Olds. request. welfare board estimated it would have to Associate Editor, Kaye Northcott. cut medical assistance payments by 20%. Editor-at-large, Ronnie Dugger. Editorial and Business Offices: The Texas Observer, 504 West 24th St., Austin, Texas 78705. Telephone The average monthly payment for persons Business Manager, C. R. Olofson. 477-0746. Editor's residence phone, 472-3631. Office Manager, Irene Wilkinson. in nursing homes is $278 a month, and the Business Manager Emeritus, Sarah Payne. Change of Address: Please give old and new address 20% reduction would have lowered Contributing Editors, Elroy Bode, Winston Bode, and allow three weeks. Bill Brammer, Gary Cartwright, Lee Clark, Larry Form 3579 regarding undelivered copies: Send to individual payments by some $57 a month. Goodwyn, Harris Green, Bill Hamilton, Bill Helmer, Texas Observer, 504 W. 24th, Austin, Texas 78705. Land D. Wall, president of the Texas Dave Hickey, Franklin Jones, Lyman Jones, Larry L. Subscription Representatives: Arlington, George N. Nursing Home Association, said the cut King, Georgia Earnest Klipple, Larry Lee, Dave Green 1202 S. Pecan, 277-0080; Austin, Mrs. Helen C. would put 95% of Texas's nursing homes McNeely, Al Melinger, Robert L. Montgomery, Willie Spear, 2615 Pecos, 451-1805; Beaumont, Betty Brink, Morris, James Presley, Charles Ramsdell, Buck 2255 Harrison, 835-5278; Corpus Christi, Penny out of business, denying care to 35,300 Ramsey, John Rogers, Mary Beth Rogers, Roger Dudley, 1224% Second St., 884-1460; Dallas, Mrs. medicaid recipients. The governor's action Shattuck, Robert Sherrill, Edwin Shrake, Dan Strawn, Cordye Hall, 5835 Ellsworth, 821-1205; El Paso, John P. Sullivan, Tom Sutherland, Charles Alan will hold back the impending payment cuts Wright. Philip Himelstein, 331 Rainbow Circle, 584-3238; for only a few months. Houston, Mrs. Kitty Peacock, PO Box 13059, The editor has exclusive control over the editorial 523-1232; Lubbock, Doris Blaisdell, 2515 24th St.; policies and contents of the Observer. None of the Midland, Eva Dennis, 3523 Seaboard, 694-2825; The Welfare Rights Organization plans other people who are associated with the enterprise Snyder, Enid Turner, 2210 30th St., 443-9497 or to dramatize the situation with a march on shares this responsibility with him. Writers are re- 443-6061; , Mrs. Mae B. Tuggle, 204 the Capitol, March 6-7. Welfare recipients sponsible for their own work, but not for anything Terrell Road, 826-3583; Wichita Falls, Jerry Lewis, they have not themselves written, and in publishing 2910 Speedway, 766-0409. may stage a one-night campout on the Capitol grounds. Members of the WRO want the state to Gonzalez Cigarroa, a Laredo physician. adequate and decent living and to make fund all programs at 100%, and they want Barnes said the committee has two goals sure the taxpayers' money is spent in the a more generous budget for household — "to assure •every citizen of Texas an most efficient manner possible." K.N. expenditures. The present budget at 100% provides only S 13 a month for utilities, no matter how many persons are living in one house. Each dependent child is entitled to $25 a month for food, clothing, and incidentals. Families of one or two are allocated a maximum of $33 a month for rent; 3-4 persons get a maximum of $44 a month; and five or more get $50 maximum. At present, AFDC recipients are getting only 75% of their budgeted needs. Meanwhile, a special committee appointed by Lt. Gov. Ben Barnes is meeting to study the welfare situation and recommend reforms to the Legislature William P. Hobby, Jr., president and executive editor of The Houston Post, is chairman of the nine-member panel. Others on the committee are Sens. Barbara Jordan of Houston, Charles Wilson of Lufkin, and William T. Moore of Bryan; Rabbi David Jacobson, president of Temple Beth-El in San Antonio; Bert Holmes, associate editor of the Dallas Times Herald; Callan Graham of Austin, executive director of the Texas Catholic Conference; Mrs. Nancy Moody, —Austin American Statesman Photo an Austin attorney; and Dr. Joaquin Mothers Picket Welfare Offices 1 Elections 1970 The Statewide Contests Austin A statewide race that has been ignored public release and hopes to make more The top statewide race this spring will be so far is the challenge Taylor trucking widely known this phase of Railroad the reelection bid of Sen. Ralph executive Connie Lawson is making of Commission operation. Yarborough, who will face Houston Railroad Cmsr. Ben Ramsey. Lawson tells Usually candidates who challenge insuranceman , Jr. the Observer his basic aim in running is "to incumbent railroad commissioners are There still was question as to whether break up the multi-million-dollar black critical of the board's oil operating policies. Gov. would face a challenge market in freight licensing permits" which This is the first challenge in some time of in the Democratic primary. Johnnie Mae the Railroad Commission conducts, or another aspect of the commission's Hackworthe, the Brenham prophetess, rather lets the big trucking firms conduct, operations. G.O. Lawson asserts. didn't come up with her filing fee in time U.S. Sen. (D), Lloyd and won't be on the ballot, though she had He explains that he bought a small, Bentsen of Houston (D), George Bush (R) of announced for yet another gubernatorial independent trucking firm three years ago Houston, and Robert Morris (R) of Plano. try, as, she said, God had asked her to. and routinely applied for reinstatement by Gov. Preston Smith (D), (R) of . State Sen. Ralph Hall, Rockwall, has been the Railroad Commission of the permit to Wichita Falls, and Roger Martin (R) of Gainesville. in Washington the last few days trying to operate in the state. Lawson says his Lt. Gov. Ben Barnes (D) and Byron Fullerton get the U.S. Supreme Court to put him on request was refused because his service was (R) of Austin. the ballot opposite Smith. Hall was ruled ruled by the commission as not to be a Atty. Gen. Crawford Martin (D), David Brown by the State Supreme Court to be ineligible matter of "public necessity or (D) of Sherman, and Edward M. Yturri (R) of Corpus Christi. for the race since he was in the Senate convenience," as the law specifies. Lawson Comptroller Robert S. Calvert (D) and S. L. when the governor's salary was increased. charges that two major trucking firms that Abbott (R) of El Paso. The state constitution prohibits legislators were instrumental in blocking his permit Treasurer Jesse James (D) and Robert F. who participate in approving such a salary thereupon offered him a permit, if he Koonecke (R) of Seguin. Land Cmsr. Jerry Sadler (D), Bob Armstrong increase from running for the job the next would align himself with them. The (D) of Austin, Fred Williams (D) of Houston, and time 'round. difference in cost to him, he says is $10 for Harry Trippet (R) of Waco. David Brown is promising to make his a state permit as opposed to each of the Agriculture Cmsr. John C. White (D) and challenge of Atty. Gen. Crawford Martin a trucking firms' asking a 40% rakeoff of his Daniel C. Heath (R) of McAllen. Railroad Cmsr. Ben Ramsey (D) and Connie hot one (see related story on page 9) of gross receipts for doing him the service of Lawson (D) of Taylor. this issue). The Martin-Brown race could providing him a state permit. Supreme Court Associate Justice, Place 1, Jack become even more bitter than the Ramsey has made no public statements Pope (D), unopposed. Yarborough—Bentsen face-off, if Brown on the charges Lawson is making. Indeed, Supreme Court Associate Justice, Place 2, Ruel C. Walker (D), unopposed. comes through as promised with more the commissioner, as most Texans, may charges of impropriety against the attorney not have even heard of the charge. Lawson general. is working now to prepare material for March 6, 1970 Supreme Court Associate Justice, Place 3, Austin. Court of Criminal Appeals, Judge Ernest W. Robert W. Hamilton (D) not seeking reelection. Court of Criminal Appeals, Presiding Judge K. Belcher (D) not seeking reelection. Truman Matt Davis (D) of Texarkana, James G. Denton K. Woodley (D) not seeking reelection. John F. Roberts (D) of Hamilton and Earl W. Smith (D) (D) of Lubbock, and Hawthorne Phillips (D) of Onion (D) of San Antonio. of San Angelo.

The Legislative Races

Austin win just three of the 10 contested races to Democratic primary and Mike McKool of Whatever happens in this year's elections assure retention of their dominance in the Dallas is challenging Cong. Earle Cabell. for the Texas Legislature, it appears certain Senate (a dominance that is fading, given Two senators — both of them liberals — that there won't be much alteration of the the increased numbers of liberal members appear in the most trouble to win ideological ratio as between liberals and and the phenomenon of a lieutenant reelection, Kennard and Bernal. conservatives. If there is any significant governor, Ben Barnes, who usually gives Kennard, a liberal-labor veteran, is in shifting of the scales it likely will go against the liberals a fair hearing). The what some persons in Tarrant County the liberals, particularly in the Senate. conservatives are likely to win at least five regard as a three-man tossup against There are 349 candidates (72 of them of the 10 contested races. If so, that would Representatives Shannon and Willis. Willis, Republicans) for the 181 seats, of whom put the upper house at 18-13 next year, who has served in the Legislature 14 years, 66, one third, are unopposed. Three favoring the conservatives, essentially the six of those in the Senate, lost by fewer hundred and thirteen persons are running same balance as in 1969. than 1,500 votes to Kennard a few years for the 150 House seats; 36 candidates, Conservative victors in the ten contested back and has a well-developed constituency including nine present members of the races this year are expected thus: Lindley among a section of the Tarrant County House, have filed for the 15 Senate posts. Beckworth of Longview over Republican voters that Kennard relies on, labor people Bearing in mind the usual caveats about John F. Warren of Tyler, to succeed the mostly. Willis was a strong segregationist in grouping legislators as to "liberal" or retiring Sen. Jack Strong of Longview; the Legislature during the 1950's, "conservative" camps (which nonetheless Donald K. Shipley of Houston over four championing interposition, and can look to remains the most meaningful way of challengers, to succeed the retiring Sen. support among the George Wallace segment anticipating and interpreting what happens Criss Cole; Sen. Wayne Connally of of Fort Worth's labor precincts. in the Legislature), the Observer has found Floresville winning reelection over liberal Shannon has downtown business that the House situation this spring is Erasmo Andrade; Sen. Tom Creighton of support and help from middle class substantially this: Mineral Wells winning reelection over conservatives. Thus, it appears Kennard, 1969 House Liberals Conservatives Walter E. Steimel of Fort Worth; and who appeals to a wide ideological spectrum Opposed 20 48 Republican Malouf Abraham of Canadian in Tarrant County, will be losing votes to Unopposed 19 41 winning a five-way race to succeed the his left in some labor boxes and to his right Not running 8 14 retiring Sen. Grady Hazlewood of Canyon. among downtown interests. TOTAL 47 103 The only liberals entered in these five Even though conservatives are opposed races are James P. Wallace of Houston B ERNAL'S opponent, in more than twice as many races as (who is running for Cole's old seat) and Representative Evans, served his first term liberals, most of them appear to be in little Andrade. Neither appears likely to win, so in Austin last year. It is heard in San danger of defeat, or are opposed by the conservatives surely will have victories Antonio that $50,000 was put up for a persons of approximately the same in these five races. Bernal opponent (perhaps, it is further conservative ideology, so far as can be Liberal victories in contested races will heard, by small loan company interests) determined. Where there are liberal vs. likely be Port Arthur Sen. D. Roy and that Evans decided tO accept the kitty conservative races the incumbents, be they Harrington, successfully fighting off the to make the race. Bernal supporters note liberal or conservative, appear in most cases challenge of Beaumont's conservative wryly that Bernal carried every bill in the to be favored. Presuming that a similar mayor, James D. McNicholas; Fort Worth Senate that Evans got out of the House percentage of liberal and conservative Sen. Don Kennard holding off Reps. Joe (including several of a pro forma, symbolic incumbents win, as is likely, the somewhat Shannon, Jr., and Doyle Willis; Glenn nature that abolished outmoded, unlawful, better than 2-1 advantage the conservatives Kothmann, probably winning a four-man racist provisions of the state constitution). held in the 1969 House probably will race to succeed the late Sen. V. E. Berry of Evans ran 'a well-organized campaign in endure in 1971. San Antonio; Dallas Sen. Oscar Mauzy's 1968 to win his first House term. Bernal, The situation appears the same in the fighting off Rep. John Wright, Grand on the other hand, suffers from a certain Senate, the return of a house of Prairie conservative; and San Antonio Sen. casualness in his organization, giving rise to approximately the same idological makeup Joe Bernal's edging liberal Rep. David fears among his supporters that the Evans as last year. Liberal strength is better in the Evans. challenge well may succeed. Senate, there being at least 12 usually Kennard and Bernal are in some trouble; Bernal is a particular target of Bexar reliable liberals out of 31 members, about Harrington and Mauzy have sizeable fights County conservatives, who have heartily 40% strength instead of the 30% mustered on their hands. So liberals are in more disapproved of his frequent stands in favor in the House. The Senate situation this jeopardy in holding their own in the Senate of the underdog — including some of the spring: than are conservatives. Should Mauzy or more militant of the underdogs, most 1969 Senate Liberals Conservatives Harrington or Kennard lose they would be notably the Mexican-American Youth Opposed 4 2 replaced by conservatives; whoever Organization. One effect, happy for Unopposed 1 5 succeeds Berry probably will be a liberal. liberals, of the Bernal-Evans race, will be a Not running 0 4 Should Bernal lose he would be replaced heavy turnout of left-of-center voters in No election 7 8 by a fellow liberal. San Antonio, which will benefit Sen. Ralph Total 12 19 Two senators who are not up for Yarborough in his primary test with Lloyd Thus the conservatives go into this year's reelection this year are seeking other Bentsen, Jr. elections with a 13-8 advantage, needing to offices; one is a conservative, the other is a The plaintiffs' have become a liberal. Ralph Hall os Rockwall hopes to factor in the challenge being waged against 4 The Texas Observer oppose Gov. Preston Smith in the Sen. Tom Creighton, the Mineral Wells man is Don Hand. Berry's support went to conservative. At the instance of plaintiffs' claims, an act that will significantly enlarge Kothmann when it became clear the lawyers and organized labor in Fort Worth, the practice of plaintiffs' attorneys. (Obs., senator would not run again. Rep. Jim Walter E. Steimel, a Fort Worth May 9, 1969, p. 10.) Nowlin, who compiled a moderately liberal with a good deal of plaintiff practice, was If Barnes did indeed intercede with the voting record as a House Democrat last lined up for the race. Then as the filing plaintiffs' lawyers in an attempt to get Steimel out of the race, or to cut off the year, has switched parties and will deadline neared pressure was brought on challenge the Democratic primary winner Steimel to forget it; the lawyers had clearly attorneys' support of him, it is thought for Berry's seat. It is thought that Nowlin changed their minds. Steimel by this time that Barnes , would have pledged to figured to run third in the field as' a was determined to make the race anyway, moderate Creighton's voting record in the future as to bills dear to the lawyers' Democrat; by switching parties he is and got in. assured of a berth in the finals, though of It is widely thought in Fort Worth and hearts. course other reasons may also have played in the Creighton district (southern Tarrant Another reason Barnes might have a role in his party switch. County and eight other counties west and interceded is that Creighton carried the Erasmo Andrade, San Antonio, one of northwest of Fort Worth) that Lt. Gov. groceries tax bill in the Senate, a measure the leaders of the Valley farmworkers' Ben Barnes was instrumental in the which Barnes supported, at least tacitly march on Austin in 1966, is challenging plaintiff attorneys' about-face. Barnes long (Obs., Sept. 12). Sen. Wayne Connally, Floresville. has been close to and supported by these Andrade's chances of victory are slight lawyers. For instance, in 1967 Barnes got FOUR MEN, three of them indeed. two pieces of legislation the plaintiff current House members, have filed for the Lindley Beckworth, Longview, the lawyers favored passed in the House, when seat of the late Sen. V. E. (Red) Berry, San former congressman, is favored to win the Barnes was speaker. Then, in 1969, Barnes, Antonio. Rep. Glenn Kothmann, a liberal, Senate seat being vacated by Jack Strong. as lieutenant governor, interceded in behalf and Rep. Lamoine Holland, a conservative, He will be opposed in the fall by of the bill that stripped governmental units are expected to fight it out in a runoff in Republican John F. Warren, Tyler. of immunity from prosecution for tort the Democratic primary in which the third Veteran Sen. Grady Hazlewood, Canyon, who is retiring from Austin public life, will be succeeded by one of five candidates, most likely Republican Congressional Races Representative Abraham. Four Democrats seeking Hazlewood's seat include Jack Hazlewood (a cousin), State Rep. Walter L. Knapp, Jr., Mrs. Nancy Moyer (the wife of 1 State Rep. Hudson Moyer), and Max R. Austin 1. Cong. Wright Patman (D) of Texarkana, Bill Russell (D) of Pittsburg, and Dr. James Hogan Sherman, all of Amarillo. Twelve of Texas' 23 members of the (R) of Atlanta. Conservative Democrat Donald K. U.S. House of Representatives are 2. Cong. John Dowdy (D), Athens, unopposed. Shipley, a former House member, is the unopposed for reelection this year. 3. Cong. Jim Collins (R), Mrs. Dorothy Bach favorite to succeed the retiring Sen. Criss (D), and John Mead (D), all of Dallas. Cole of Houston. Shipley will be opposed Cong. Ray Roberts (D), McKinney, Cong. George Bush's giving up his seat to 4. by James P. Wallace, a liberal attorney, and run against U.S. Sen. Ralph Yarborough unopposed. 5. Conga Earle Cabe11 (D), Mike McKool (D), George Polk, who is to the right of Shipley. has spawned an eight-way race in Houston Roy Erickson (R), Richard F. Tozer (R), all of Two Republicans, Abraham Farrior and to succeed him in Congress. Dallas, and Frank Crowley (R), Richardson. Howard Moon, will meet the Democratic 6. Cong., Olin E. Teague (D), Bryan, Only two Texas congressmen appear to unopposed. winner next fall but the Democratic be in any sort of danger for reelection. 7. Cong. George Bush (R), Houston, is running nominee likely will win the seat. They are conservatives Earle Cabell of against Sen. Ralph Yarborough. W. Kendall Baker Unopposed for reelection are (D), Jim Brady (D), Jim Greenwood (D), Richard conservative Sens. J. P. Word of Meridian, Dallas and Richard C. White of El Paso. Smith (D), Judith Ann Wolfe (D), W. R. Archer (R), Ross Baker (R), and Dudley Sharp, Jr. (R), David Ratliff of Stamford, H. J. (Doc) Cabe11 will face State Sen. Mike McKool all of Houston. Blanchard of Lubbock, Murray Watson of in the Democratic primary and, if he wins 8. Cong. Bob Eckhardt (D), Bobby A. Carley Waco, and Jack Hightower of Vernon, and that, three Republicans in the fall. McKool (D), and Alfonso Velez (R), all of Houston. liberal Chet Brooks of Pasadena. 9. Cong. Jack Brooks (D) of Beaumont, Henry has a good organization and should give Pressler (R) of Beaumont, and William McAnich Not facing reelection this year are the Cabell a strong race. Among the (R) of Friendswood. conservatives Hall, A. M. Aikin Jr. of Paris, Republicans is Frank Crowley, an 10. Cong. J. J. Pickle (D), Austin, unopposed. Joe Christie of El Paso, Henry C. Grover of attractive, intelligent Republican who 11. Cong. W. R. Poage (D), Waco, unopposed. Houston, Ike Harris of Dallas, Charles formerly was a Dallas County 12. Cong. Jim Wright (D), Fort Worth, unopposed. Herring of Austin, William T. Moore of commissioner. 13. Cong. Graham Purcell (D) and Joe H. Bryan, W. E. Snelson of Midland, and the Staley, Jr. (R), both of Wichita Falls. liberals McKool, Jim Bates of Edinburg, White is facing Raymond Telles, a 14. Cong. John Young (D), Corpus Christi, Ronald Bridges of Corpus Christi, Barbara who has held unopposed. well-known chicano Jordan of Houston, William N. Patman of ambassadorial posts in the federal 15. Cong. Kika de la Garza (D), Mission, and Ben A. Martinez (R), Kingsville. Ganado, A. R. Schwartz of Galveston, and government and was the first brown mayor 16. Cong. Richard C. White (D), Raymond Charles Wilson of Lufkin. of El Paso. Two Republicans will vie for Telles (D), John Karr (R), and J. R. Provencio (R), all of El Paso. the right to take on the White-Telles N THE HOUSE races, perhaps winner. 17. Cong. Omar Burleson (D), Anson, unopposed. the most interesting is veteran conservative In Houston Cong. Bob Casey is expected 18. Cong. Bob Price (R), Pampa, unopposed. Rep. Ben Atwell's being challenged by 19. Cong. George Mahon (D), Lubbock, to win reelection over two opponents, one unopposed. liberal Dave Moss in Dallas. Moss is a leader of whom, Paul Haring, a liberal attorney, 20. Cong. Henry B. Gonzalez (D), San of Senator Yarborough's forces there and ran an interesting and colorful though Antonio, unopposed. was featured in Life magazine last fall unsuccessful race against Railroad Cmsr. 21. Cong. 0. C. Fisher (D) of San Angelo and during the Vietnam Moratorium. Atwell, Richard Gill (R) of San Antonio. the head of the House Taxation and Byron Tunnell in 1966. Haring was having 22. Cong. Bob Casey (D), Paul B. Haring (D), trouble raising the $4,250 filing fee but and Arthur Busch (R), both of Houston. Revenue Committee, and a blue ribbon said he would make the deadline for paying 23. Cong. Abraham Kazen, Jr. (D), Laredo, March 6, 1970 5 it, earlier this week. G.O. unopposed. member of "the team" that runs the (southwest and south Harris county) to Houston House, hasn't had opposition in recent Democrats, and Pasadena add to the three House members they Republican Roger Brandt. years. Moss is given some chance of making already have from the county. Liberals, the race interesting but isn't likely to win. Rep. Jamie Bray of Pasadena is running who hold sway in district 23 (the north for county commissioner this year. His His campaign is centering on Atwell's and east parts of the county) are advocacy last year of extending the sales place in the House is being sought by uncontested or expected to win reelection. Democrats Johnny Nelms of Pasadena and tax to groceries. Moss also is plugging for One possible change is in the race single-member districts for legislators. Wayne Prosperi of Houston and involving Rep. Cletus A. Davis, a Republican Glynn Ferguson of Houston. In other Dallas House races Republicans conservative Democrat who has two are mounting serious challenges and have Prosperi appears in line for liberal support, Republican challengers, Tom Anders and though Nelms will contend for this in view filed candidates in 13 of the 15 elections, Bill Blythe, in a district that is becoming including such well-known entries locally, of his ties with labor. increasingly Republican. Democrat Russell as John Lowrance, Fred Agnich, and Carr Cummings, a conservative, is expected to P. Collins, III. The GOP filed against all N SAN ANTONIO the most . fend the challenge of two Republicans, A. Dallas House members except Bill S. Bowers and Roger Stracemer, in the interesting race is liberal Troy Ellison's Braecklein and Atwell. The Democrats are same district. Cummings, although a challenge of conservative Rep. Guy Floyd. running scared, as the Republicans have Democrat, evidently is liked by the Ellison, a liberal activist, was the leader in made it close in House races in Dallas district's preponderant GOP voters. San Antonio of the shortlived Robert F. recently. The presence of a Republican in In district 23 six liberal Democrats are Kennedy presidential drive and has given the White House and Republican Cong. unopposed in the primary, and only three much time to the peace movement in that George Bush's challenge to succeed Senator of them have Republican opposition, city. It is heard in San Antonio that there Yarborough doubtless will insure a good which is largely token. So the likes of Rex was some big money available to a Floyd turnout of Republican voters in Dallas this Braun, Curtis Graves, and Lauro Cruz will opponent but Ellison says he hasn't seen fall. be back in Austin next year. any of it yet. The Moody Foundation In Houston the status quo will prevail In district 24 Robert Gammage of Deer people, who were involved in a hassle in substantially — a few new faces but not Park is the liberal candidate to replace Rep. the Legislature last year pertaining to the much if any ideological shifting. Arthur Vance of Pasadena, who is retiring use of foundation funds, were said to be Republicans are making a big push in from the Legislature.. Also in the interested in defeating Floyd, who cast an Houston, too, making serious challenges in Democratic primary are Richard Dobby, important vote in committee contrary to districts 22 (west Harris 'county) and 24 Red Gorman, and Charles D. Marshall, all the wishes of the foundation leaders. And Lieutenant Governor Barnes is known not to be an admirer of the Floyd House career. Still, Ellison is quite short of money and is surely a longshot bet at this point. Jefferson County Rep. Jake Johnson, who has won fame Race of sorts for his jousts with Land Cmsr. Jerry Sadler, has two proteges in House races. His top assistant, John Cutright, is in May Divide Labor Vote a five-way race to succeed Representative Nowlin. Cutright can count on liberal and Beaumont After' the dinner, Hilton Crawford, an some labor support. Two blacks are in the Some Jefferson County labor leaders, executive committeeman and supporter of race, Joseph A Scott and Ed Holmes. feeling that County Democratic Chairman Cowart, pushed through a resolution Holmes is considered the more liberal of George Cowart has aligned himself too criticizing Brooks for shunning the the two but Scott got into the race first closely with student and black activists, are committee. Brooks felt that Cowart was and locked up most of the important black trying to oust him from office. responsible for the resolution and went leadership support, such as that of G. J. Dr. G. M. Brassard, a Beaumont looking for another candidate. In reality, Sutton. Also in the race are Lou Kost, Jr. chiropractor and former city councilman, the resolution was Crawford's own idea, and William M. Porter. is running against Cowart, and the race has not Cowart's. The other "Johnson candidate" is John caused a split in labor's ranks which has Still another reason some foes - feel Hays, who is challenging conservative Rep. worried backers of Sen. Ralph Yarborough. Cowart should go involves the heated race A. J. (Tony) Dramberger. Although Yarborough carries Jefferson between pro-labor incumbent State Sen. D. Frank L. Madla, a chicano, is expected County by wide margins each election, Roy Harrington and Beaumont Mayor to get most of the liberal support in the some observers fear that -a split in local James McNicholas, a conservative. race to succeed Representative Holland. party ranks could hurt his chances Cowart's wife is McNicholas' secretary at Others filed are Tom Lee, a somewhat against Lloyd Bentsen. his law office, and some felt that Cowart Chinese-American with a liberal following; Cowart, 69, is a former labor leader himself might go against Harrington. Paul Silber, the brother of Dean John himself and has been close to the handful Harrington himself apparently feels the Silber of the University of Texas at Austin; of student activists at Lamar Tech. He same for he too is said to be backing and Republican Jim C. Segrest, who has bailed a group out of jail after they were Brassard. run for the Legislature before. arrested for handing out antiwar literature Seeking to succeed Representative Evans at a black high school during the Actually, Cowart never had any are Fernando Pinon, who probably will get Moratorium last year. intention of backing McNicholas. Now that most of the liberal-labor support; Wayland Harrington has turned against him, Cowart Cong. Jack Brooks, who is also backing Simmons, who figures as the leading may reconsider. Brassard, is said to have a different reason conservative candidate in the race; Eugene for wanting Cowart out. Last year, Cowart Cowart supporters are curious as to why West, who is not expected to run very and the entire pro-Yarborough County Brassard was chosen. During his years on strong; and a black Republican, Oscar Democratic Executive Committee, were the city council, he made many enemies, Eason, Sr., whose switch to the GOP was not invited to a Brooks Appreciation and observers feel a more popular something of.a local surprise. Dinner at which former President Johnson candidate could have been found. Unless, After Representative Kothmann's seat made a "surprise" appearance. that is, those with a better chance felt are Joe Chapa, the likely recipient of Cowart was too entrenched to he I iheral support; and Nelson Wolff, who is 6 The Texas Observer beaten. nore conservative and evidently has some money to spend, if the numerous signs he Antonio. 20. Rep. Joe A. Hubenak (D), Rosenberg, • has up across town are a true indication. 21. Sen. Wayne Connally, Floresville (D) and unopposed. Erasmo Andrade (D), San Antonio. 21-1. Rep. Ed. J. Harris (D), Galveston, In Fort Worth five men are after 22. Sen. Tom Creighton (D), Mineral Wells, unopposed. Representative Willis' House seat. Bob and Walter Steimel (D), Fort Worth. 21-2. Rep. Dean Neugent (D), Dickinson, Waco is expected to get most of the liberal 23. Sen. Oscar Mauzy (D), Dallas, and State unopposed. and labor support. He received the Rep. John Wright (D), Grand Prairie. 22-1. Rep. Jack Ogg (D) and Norman T. 24. Sen David Ratliff (D), Stamford, Reynolds (R), both of Houston. endorsement of that city's labor council unopposed. 22-2. Rep. W. E. (Will) Lee (R), Houston, has last week. The apparent favorite is Joe 26. Sen. Joe Bernal (D) and State Rep. David filed for the 22-6 race. Seeking the 22-2 position Spurlock, II, whose father is a district Evans (D), both of San Antonio. are Robert L. Shelton (D), Walter H. Mengden, judge and whose mother served on the city 28. Sen. H. J. (Doc) Blanchard (D), Lubbock, Jr. (R), and Jim York (R), all of Houston. unopposed. 22-3. Rep. Cletus A. Davis (D), Tom Anders council. Also in the race are Jack Zachary 30. Sen. Jack Hightower (D), Vernon, (R), and W. J. (Bill) Blythe (R), all of Houston. and R. L. Strickland, Democrats, and unopposed. 22-4. Rep. Russell Cummings (D), A. S. Republican J. Dan Connelly of Arlington. 31. Sen. Grady Hazlewood (D), Canyon, is Bowers (R), and Roger Stracener (R), all of David F. Farris is the liberals' favorite in not seeking reelection. Jack Hazlewood (D), Houston. State Rep. Walter L. Knapp, Jr. (D), Mrs. Nancy 22-5. Rep. Bill Archer (R), Houston, running a five-way race to succeed Rep. Jack Moyer (D), Max Sherman (D), all of Amarillo, for George Bush's vacated seat in Congress. Rep. McLaughlin, who is running for county and State Rep. Malouf Abraham (R), Canyon. Jim Earthman (R), presently the '22-6 incumbent, commissioner. The leading conservative The terms of the 15 other senators do not has filed for Archer's place, as has Robert A. expire until Jan. 1, 1973. They are Sens. A. M. Markowitz (D), both of Houston. appears to be Harold Hammett. Republican Akin, Jr. of Paris, Jim Bates, of Edinburg, Ronald 22-6. Houston Representative Earthman's Norman Darwin, a lawyer and a moderate Bridges of Corpus Christi, Joe Christie of El Paso, position is being sought by Houston who is interested in civil liberties, is also in Ralph Hall of Rockwall, Charles Herring of Representative Lee (R; presently 22-2) and the race. Austin, Barbara Jordan of Houston, Mike Timothy (Tim) James (D), Houston. Liberal Gibson D. Lewis of Fort Worth McKool of Dallas, William T. Moore of Bryan, 22-7. Rep. Edmund E. Jones (R), Jack Deaver William N. Patman of Ganado, A. R. Schwartz of (D), W. C. (Maurice) Elsberry (D), and C. Logan is taking on Rep. Bob Burnett, the Galveston, W. E. Snelson of Midland, and Charles Jobe (D), all of Houston. Arlington conservative. Wilson of Lufkin, all Democrats. Also, 23-1. Rep. R. C. (Nick) Nichols (D) and Paul Republicans Henry C. Grover of Houston and Ike Nesheim (R), both of Houston. N AUSTIN seven men will vie Harris of Dallas. 23-2. Rep. Lindon Williams (D), Houston, I unopposed. for Rep. Bob Armstrong's place. 23-3. Rep. Joe Allen (D), Baytown, and Don Armstrong is running against Commissioner Forse (R), Houston. Sadler. Reps. Harold Davis and Don 23-4. Rep. Rex Braun (D), Houston, The State House unopposed. Cavness, both Democrats, and Republican 23-5. Rep. Lauro Cruz (D), Houston, Maurice Angly are expected to win unopposed. Ed Howard (D), Texarkana, reelection despite opposition. 1. Rep. 23-6. Rep. Curtis Graves (D), Houston, unopposed. unopposed. In Corpus Christi only Rep. Frances T. 2. Rep. James L. Slider (D), Naples, and Jodie Farenthold drew opposition in the 24-1. Rep. Tom Bass (D) and Frank Kokesh Harris (D), Hughes Springs. (R), both of Houston. four-person local House delegation. She is 3. Rep. C. L. Ray (D), Marshall, will run for 24-2. Rep. Ray Lemmon (D), Houston, associate justice, 6th Court of Civil Appeals. Ben expected to defeat James Rehfield in the unopposed. Z. Grant (D), John B. Henderson, Jr. (D), and 24-3. Rep. Arthur Vance (D), Houston, not primary and Clyde New in the fall. Sam R. Moseley (R), all of Marshall. The veteran El Paso legislator, Rep. John seeking reelection. Richard Dobbyn (D) of 4. Rep. Steve Burgess (D) and John Houston, Robert A. Gammage (D) of Deer Park, Blaine, the dean of the West Texas Muckleroy (D), both of Nacogdoches. Rod Gorman (D) of Houston, Charles D. Marshall Rep. John Hannah (D) and Jim Waters (D), .elegation, retired this time. Three 5. (D) of Houston, and Roger Brandt (R) of andidates are in the race: William L. both of Lufkin. Pasadena. 6. Rep. (D), Liberty, and Edgar J. Timmons, who was going to campaign hard 24-4. Rep. Jim Clark (D) and Jim Bowie (R), Groce (D), Cleveland. both of Houston. against Blaine's championing of extending 7. Rep. Don Adams (D), Jasper, unopposed. 24-5. Rep. Bill T. Swanson (D) and W. W. the sales tax; Ray Ramos; and Charles 8. Rep. Clyde Haynes, Jr. (D), Vidor, (Pepper) Crowder (R), both of Houston. unopposed. 24-6. Rep. Jamie Bray (D), Houston, running Tuper, Jr. 9-1. Rep. Rufus Kilpatrick (D) and Norman C. Betty Dooley is running against Rep. for county commissioner. Johnny Nelms (D) of Tolpe (R), both of Beaumont. Pasadena, Wayne Prosperi (D) of Houston, and Ace Pickens. Mrs. Dooley, a regent of 9-2. Rep. Jimmy Weldon running for justice of Glynn Ferguson (R) of Houston. Odessa College, was a leader in the effort the peace. Art Angelo (D) of Nederland, Terry 25. Rep. James Cole (D) of Greenville, E. Paul to make that school the site of the new Doyle (D) of Pear Ridge, Jerry Hanks (D) of Banner (D) of Greenville, and Alan H. Perry (R) Nederland, Nicholas V. Lampson (D) of of Wolfe City. University of Texas of the Permian Basin Beaumont, Mrs. Beverly Minaldi (D) of 26. Rep. Jack R. Hawkins (D), Groesbeck, (Obs., June 6,1969, pp. 6-7). G.O. Nederland, W. T. Oliver (D) of Port Neches, and unopposed. J. D. Evans (R) of Port Neches. 27. Rep. Dan Kubiak (D), Rockdale, 9-3. Rep. Carl Parker (D), Port Arthur, unopposed. unopposed. 28. Rep. Charles Jungmichel (D), La Grange, 9-4. Rep. Will Smith (D), Beaumont, unopposed. The State Senate unopposed. 29. Rep. Gus Mutscher (D), Brenham, 10. Rep. Neal Solomon (D), Mt. Vernon, unopposed. 2. Sen. Jack Strong (D), Longview, is not unopposed. 30. Rep. Tom Uher (D), Bay City, unopposed. seeking reelection. Lindley Beckworth (D) 11. Rep. George T. Hinson (D) and Dan 31. Rep. Vernon Beckham (D), Denison, and Longview, and John F. (Jack) Warren (R), Tyler. Peacock (R), both of Mineola. Don Hefton (D), Sherman. 4. Sen. D. Roy Harrington (D), Port Arthur, 12. Rep. Bill Bass (D), Ben Wheeler, 32. Rep. Bob Hendricks (D), McKinney, and and James D. McNicholas (D), Beaumont. unopposed. James Caton (D), Wylie. 6. Sen. Criss Cole (D), Houston, is not seeking 13. Rep. John Allen (D), Longview, 33-1. Rep. William Braecklein (D), Dallas, reelection. George Polk (D), Donald K. Shipley unopposed. unopposed. (D), James P. Wallace (D), Abraham Farrior (R), 14. Rep. Billy Williamson (D), John 0. Brown 33-2. Rep. Ben Atwell (D), Hutchins, and and Howard Moon (R), all of Houston. (D), David Chambers (D), and Gary Bruner (R), Dave Moss (D), Dallas. 7. Sen. Chet Brooks (D), Pasadena, all of Tyler. 33-3. Rep. John Wright (D), Grand Prairie, (D), Henderson, unopposed. 15. Rep. Fred Head running against State Sen. Oscar Mauzy. John F. 10. Sen. Don Kennard (D), Fort Worth, unopposed. Boyle, Jr. (D) of Irving, David M. Ivey (D) of Rayford Price (D), Palestine, opposed by State Rep. Joe Shannon, Jr. (D), and 16. Rep. Dallas, Joe Pitzinger, Jr. (D) of Dallas, Everett E. State Rep. Doyle Willis (D), both of Fort Worth. unopposed. Sasnett (D) of Dallas, Berlaind Brashear (D) of 12. Sen. J. P. Word (D), Meridian, unopposed. 17. Rep. James L. Lovell (D) of Crockett, W. Dallas, and John Duke (R) of Dallas. 13. Sen. Murray Watson, Jr. (D), Mart, E. Hornbuckle (D) of Huntsville, Glyn Turner 33-4. Rep. Dick Reed (D) of Dallas, Guy unopposed. (D) of Huntsville, and B. B. (Pete) Brittain (R), Lewis (D) of Dallas, B. H. (Buck) Buchanan (R) 19. Sen. V. E. (Red) Berry (D), San Antonio, Ratcliff. of Irving, and John Lowrance (R) of Dallas. died last fall. Don Hand (D), State Rep. Lamoine 18. Rep. Bill Presnal (D), Bryan, unopposed. Holland (D), State Rep. Glenn Kothmann (D), 19. Rep. Neil Caldwell (D), Alvin, and Mrs. and State Rep. James Nowlin (R), all of San Sue Hairgrove (D), Lake Jackson. March 6, 1970 43. Rep. R. H. Cory (D), Victoria, is not 33-5. Rep. Zan W. Holmes, Jr. (1)), Dallas, and 57-7. Rep. David Evans (D), San Antonio, seeking reelection. Mrs. Jamie B. Creech (D) of John Cole (R), Duncanville. running against State Sen. Joe Bernal. Fernando 33-6. Rep. Joe Victoria, Jack Fields (D) of Victoria, Joe Wyatt Ratcliff (I)), Margaret Pinon (D), Wayland A. Simmons (D), Eugene B. (D) of l3loomington, and Simon Cornelius (R) of Brand-Smith (I)), and Fred Agnich (R), all of West (D), and Oscar Eason (R), all of San Victoria. Dallas. Antonio. 33-7. Rep. Griffith Moore (D), John Bryant 44. Rep. Leroy Wieting (D), Portland, and 57-S. Rep. Glenn Kothmann (D), San Tom Walker (D), Sinton. (D), and Edwin L. Skiles (R), all of Dallas. Antonio, is a candidate for the late Senator 45-1. Rep. Frances T. Farenthold (D), James 33-8. Rep. Dick McKissack (D), Dallas, Berry's seat. Joe Chapa (D) and Nelson Wolff Rehfeld (D), and Clyde New (R), all of Corpus unopposed. (D), both of San Antonio. Christi. 33-9. Rep. Jim Stroud (D) and Carr P. Collins, 57-9. Rep. Guy Floyd (D) and Trey Ellison 111 (R), both of Dallas. 45-2. Rep. Carlos Truan (D), Corpus Christi, (D), both of San Antonio. unopposed. 33-10. Rep. Joe Hawn (D), W. Tom Hanes 57-10. Rep. Frank Lombardino (D), San (D), Paul W. Goodwin (D), and W. L. Marshall 45-3. Rep. Joe Salem (D), Corpus Christi, Antonio, unopposed. unopposed. (R), all of Dallas. 58. Rep. W. S. Pickett, Karnes City, is not 45-4. Rep. L. DeWitt Hale (D), Corpus Christi, 33-11. Rep. Chris Semos (D), Dallas, William seeking reelection. Jon P. Newton (D) of Beeville, unopposed. S. Mason (R), Richardson. W. G. (Junior) Riedel (D) of Karnes City, and 46-1. Rep. Menton J. Murray (D), Harlingen, 33-12. Rep. Jim Clark (D) is not seeking Gidney Talley, Jr. (R) of Pleasanton. unopposed. reelection. D. Samuel Coats (D), A. C. (Tony) 59. Rep. Honore Ligarde (D), Laredo, 46-2. Rep. Henry Sanchez (D) and Polo G. Margiotta (D), Bill Stehr (D), Joe B. Villiers (D), unopposed. Cantu (D), both of Brownsville. and Claiborne (Clay) Smothers (R), all of Dallas. 60-1. Rep. Vernon Stewart (D), Wichita Falls, 46-3. Rep. J. A. Garcia, Jr. (D), 33-13. Rep. Jack Blanton (D), Carrollton, and unopposed. Al Korioth (R), Farmers Branch. Raymondville, and Fernando (Fred) Loya (D), Brownsville. 60-2. Rep. Dave Allred (D) and Phil Grace 33-14. Rep. Fred Orr (D), De Soto, and Dale 47-1. Rep. Raul (R), both of Wichita Falls. Wooten (R), Arlington, Va. Longoria (D), Pharr, unopposed. 61. Rep. Charles Finnell (D), Holliday, 33-15. Rep. Joe H. Golman (D) and Robert unopposed. 47-2. Rep. Felix McDonald (D), Edinburg, Schmitz (R), both of Dallas. 62-1. Rep. Grant Jones (D) and Joe Hernandez and Lindsey (Rod) Rodriguez (D), Hidalgo. 34. Rep. Aubry L. Moore (D) of Hillsboro, (D), both of Abilene. 47-3. Rep. A. C. (Bud) Atwood (D), John Potts (D) of Hillsboro, and Troy Brooks, Jr. Edinburg, and Santos Ramirez (D), Mission. 62-2.Rep. Frank W. Calhoun (D) and Marvin W. (D) of Ferris. Sapaugh (R), both of Abilene. 48. Rep. Oscar Carrillo, Sr. (D), Benavides, 35-1. Rep. Bob Thomas (D), Waco, is running 63. and J. S. (Checo) Garcia (D), San Diego. Rep. Temple Dickson (D), Sweetwater, for county judge. Lane Denton (D), Mickey not seeking reelection. Dee John Davis (D), Roy 49. Rep. John H. Poerner (D) of Hondo, Raul Holmes (D), and Danny R. (Dick) Tandy (D), all L. Trevino (D) of Crystal City, and C. M. Pryor Ford (D), and Ralph Mahoney (D), all of Big of Waco. Spring. (R) of Uvalde. 35-2. Rep. Tom Moore, Jr. (D), unopposed. 64. Rep. Lynn Nabers (D), Brownwood, 36. Rep. Bob Salter (D), Waco, unopposed. 50. Rep. Walter E. Parker (D), Denton, and unopposed. 37. Rep. John R. Bigham (D) and Bert E. Roger R. Durham (R), presently with the U.S. 65. Rep. Hiliary B. Doran, Jr. (D), Del Rio, Pope (D), both of Temple. Army. unopposed. 51. 38. Rep. Charles Patterson (D), Round Rock, Rep. Tom Holmes (D), Granbury, 66. Rep. George Baker (D), Fort Stockton, unopposed. unopposed. unopposed. 52-1. Rep. Jack McLaughlin (D), Fort Worth, 39-1. Rep. Harold Davis (D), David Marks (D), 67-1. Rep. Tati Santiesteban (D), El Paso, running for county commissioner. David F. Farris and James B. (Ted) Nuse (D), all of Austin. unopposed. (D), Harold Hammett (D), Dave E. Massey (D), 67-2. Rep. John E. Blaine (D), El Paso, is not 39-2. Rep. Maurice Angly (R) and Durward Mike Moncrief (D), and Norman Darwin (D), all Curlee (D), both of Austin. seeking reelection. Ray Ramos (D), William L. of Fort Worth. Timmons (D), and Charles Tuper, Jr. (D), all o: 39-3. Rep. Don Cavness (D), Robert J. Carter 52-2. Rep. Joe Shannon, Jr. (D), Fort Worth, El Paso. (R), and Bob Lusk (R), all of Austin. running against State Sen. Don Kennard. Bill 67-3. Rep. Paul C. Moreno (D) and Ashley 39-4. Rep. Bob Armstrong (D), Austin, is Hilliard (D), Bob Phillips (D), and Mrs. Betty Classen (D), both of El Paso. running for land commissioner. William English (John) Andujar (R), all of Fort Worth. 67-4. Rep. Raul Muniz (D), James Kaster (D' (D), Gayle Essary (D), Wilson Foreman (D), 52-3. Rep. W. C. (Bud) Sherman (D), Fort and Tony Conde (R), all of El Paso. Robert Looney (D), Dean Rindy (D), and George Worth, unopposed. 67-5. Rep. Tom Niland (D), El Paso : B. Shepherd, Jr. (D), all of Austin. 52-4. Rep. R. M. (Bob) Burnett (D) of unopposed. 40. Rep. Gerhardt A. Schulte, Jr. (D), Kyle, Arlington, Gibson D. Lewis (D) of Fort Worth, 68. Rep. Ace Pickens (D) and Mrs. Bett y and W. H. Schroeder, Jr., Lockhart. and James Bond (R) of Fort Worth. Dooley (D), Odessa. 41. Rep. John Traeger (D), Seguin, and 52-5. Rep. Tommy Shannon (D), Fort Worth, 69. Rep. Richard C. Slack (D), Pecos. Marion (Jack ) Borchers (R), New Braunfels. unopposed. unopposed. 42. Rep. J. T. (Terry) Newman (D) of Cuero, 52-6. Rep. Doyle Willis (D), Fort Worth, 70. Rep. Tom Craddick (R) and Robert H. Dennis Peters (D) of Edna, and Tom Von Dohlen running against Senator Kennard. Joe Spurlock II Northington (D), both of Midland. (D) of Goliad. (D), R. L. (Bob) Strickland (D), Bob Waco (D), 71. Rep. Renal B. Rosson (D), Snydes , Jack Zachary (D), all of Fort Worth, and J. Don unopposed. Connelly (R), Arlington. 8 The Texas Observer 72. Rep. Bill Clayton (D), Springlake, 52-7. Rep. Dave Finney (D), Fort Worth, and unopposed. Nathanial Davis (R), Grand Prairie. 73. Rep. E. L. Short (D), Tahoka, unopposed. 52-8. Rep. Cordell Hull (D) and Blake Bailey 74-1. Rep. Walter Knapp, Jr. (D), candidate (R), both of Fort Worth. ATHENA MONTESSORI SCHOOL for the resigning Sen. Grady Hazlewood's seat. 53. Rep. Burke Musgrove (D) and Joe C. Howard E. Ragland (D), James B. (Ben) Bynum Leo Nitch, Director Hanna (D), both of Breckenridge. (D), and Curtis Ballard (R), all of Amarillo. 54. NEW NORTHWEST LOCATION Rep. J. E. Ward (D), Glen Rose, 74-2. Rep. Hudson Moyer (D), Bryan Poff, Jr. unopposed. 770 Woodrow (D), and Seldon Hale (R), all of Amarillo. 55. Rep. James E. Nugent (D), Kerrville, 75. Rep. Phone 454-4239 Tom Christian (R), Claude, unopposed. unopposed. 56. Rep. Forrest A. Harding (D), San Angelo, 76-1. Rep. Delwin Jones (D), Lubbock, unopposed. unopposed. 57-1. Rep. Jake Johnson (D) and Glen Leigh 76-2. Rep. Elmer L. Tarbox (D) and Horace (D), both of San Antonio. McQueen (D), both of Lubbock. 57-2. Rep. R. L. Vale (D), San Antonio, 76-3. Rep. R. B. McAlister (1)), Lubbock, #ripitz' unopposed. unopposed. 57-3. Rep. Bill Flock (D), San Antonio, 77. Rep. L. Dean Cobb (D), Dumas, unopposed. unopposed. Since 1866 57-4. Rep. James Nowlin (D), San Antonio, 78. Rep. Ralph Wayne (D), Plainview, has switched parties and is the Republican unopposed. The Place in Austin candidate to succeed the late State Sen. V. E. 79. Rep. Malouf Abraham (R), Canadian, (Red) Berry. John Cutright (D), Ed Holmes (D), seeking Senator Hazlewood's seat. Phil Cates (D) GOOD FOOD Lou Kost, Jr. (D), William M. Porter (D), and of Lefors, Jim Graves (D) of Perryton, Ray Joseph A. Scott (D), all of San Antonio. Trosper (D) of Higgins, W. H. (Web) Willoughby GOOD BEER 57-5. Rep. A. L. (Tony) Dramberger (D) and (D) of Gruver, Jack H. Hart (R) of Gruver, David John Hays (D), both of San Antonio. E. Holt (R) of Pampa, and William D. Nix (R) of 1607 San Jacinto 57-6. Rep. Lamoine Holland (D) is running Canadian. for the late Senator Berry's seat. Tom Lee (D), 80. Rep. W. S. Neatly (D) of Paducah, Leon GR 7-4171 Frank L. Madla (D), Paul Silber (D), and Jim C. Williams (D) of Quanah, and Zack B. Fisher (R) Segrest (R), all of San Antonio. of Memphis. E Brown v. Martin

Austin shared substantially in some $172,500 of The state appraisal on nearly 22 acres David H. Brown, the judge of the state fees, if he did in fact accept fees for the owned by the landowner, whom Brown district court for Collin and Grayson cases. But even if Martin did not take fees, named, was $14,900. The jury in Hill Counties, has made good on his earlier Brown asserted, the then-secretary of state County voted an award of $76,750. promise to make allegations of misconduct was clearly in violation of bar association The state appealed. By the time the case in office on the part of his opponent in the codes of ethics and was conducting himself came before State Supreme Court, Martin Democratic primary, Atty. Gen. Crawford against the best interests of the state. had been sworn in, two days before, as the Martin. Brown has said he'll resign his , in Jaunary, 1967. A few days after losing the 1966 runoff judgeship if he fails to prove his allegations. Then the Supreme Court was notified by He this week made the first in what he says to Martin, Spears said Martin had violated an associate of the Martin law firm that a the spirit but not the letter of the state will be a series of public accusations against settlement had been reached and no review (Obs., June 10, Martin. The assertions revolve around 15 conflict of interest law of the Supreme Court would be necessary. 1966, p.11). Brown repeated that view, land condemnation cases in Martin's home "In fact, the settlement had only been generally, saying there is no violation of of Hill County, cases incidental to the reached between the ears of the new law at issue here, simply questions of construction of Interstate Highway 35 attorney general," Brown charges. 'On judgment and propriety. through the county. Jan. 26, 1967, the new chief of the condemnation division of the attorney Brown alleges that Martin represented In 1966 Martin declined for a few hours general's department sent to the Texas Hill County landowners when the to comment after Spears made his charges. condemnation cases brought by the state Highway Department a long, strongly Then he said that there was no conflict of worded recommendation of settlement. Highway Department were being tried interest, that the suits were a matter of The Highway Department capitulated on during a period, 1963-1966, when Martin public record, and that the publication of February 2, 1967. It had no other choice was either the secretary of state or the the court records in the campaign's last as a practical matter," Brown said. attorney general-elect. days amounted to "character Franklin Spears, now a judge in San assassination." M ARTIN cleared up the last ten of Antonio, and who in 1966 was Martin's the cases in question in late 1966, after he liberal opponent for attorney general, MARTIN, contacted by reporters had won the Democratic nomination for made substantially the same allegations after Brown's press conference, contented attorney general and faced only token against Martin when the two men were in himself with a two-paragraph press Republican opposition, Robb Stewart of the last few days of a runoff in June of statement issued by his office while he was Richardson. Martin at this point evidently that year. Spears mentioned five of the 15 in Lubbock attending groundbreaking began working with three of the lawyers in cases that Brown now brings up. Spears in ceremonies for the new Texas Tech law the land division of the AG office, 1966 said that Martin, "at a time he was school: probably having told them he would retain being paid $16,500 per year [as secretary them after Carr left, which he did, placing of state] , participated in private practice "These are the same charges made by them in charge of the land condemnation against the state and on the public's time." my opponent in the 1966 race for attorney division, Brown said. "Those ten cases cost Both Spears and Brown allege that, in general. Many newspapers went into the the taxpayers • $182,650.36 more than the addition to Martin's being involved in a matter then and found no evidence of appraised value, Brown said. conflict of interest in the cases, he won wrong-doing. I was elected and re-elected Reading between the lines of the Brown payments from the state considerably more without opposition in 1968 — long after press release, it seems clear that at least than the Highway Department had offered these charges had been given a full public some of the information Brown is releasing for the tracts of land, and considerably airing. Mr. Brown is flogging the same dead was made available by Carr. Asked by a more than such awards generally amount horse, except that he uses more slanderous reporter if Carr had helped him, Brown to when taken to court. language against me, the courts, and other answered, "I have no comment." Asked individuals," Martin said. then if he had talked to Carr about this, Spears in 1966 said Martin had helped Btown again said he had no comment. G.O. win judgments totalling $274,423 for the "If anyone should be disqualified frorri

owners of five Hill County land tracts in public office, it should be this man who 9 cases where the state had offered $79,185. irresponsibly distorts the facts, libels March 6, 1970 Brown this week said a truer picture would innocent people, and uses the press to be $514,615.36 in awards for 15 tracts for spread untruths to further his own political which the state had offered $169,685. ambitions. I am amazed that a district Brown told reporters at his Capitol press judge would result to such tactics and hope MEETINGS conference that when a land condemnation he will consult with his conscience before THE THURSDAY CLUB of Dallas meets each case goes to court the grant finally made is continuing on this course," said Martin. Thursday noon for lunch (cafeteria style) at the about one-third (or 34%, he thought) more Brown dwelled most on one case, which Downtown YMCA, 605 No. Ervay St., Dallas. Good discussion. You're welcome. Informal, no than the state originally offered — not the first was tried in September, 1965, dues. more than twice that amount he alleges is "Secretary of State Martin was present and the case in the 15 tracts mentioned. acted as counsel for the landowner on each CENTRAL TEXAS ACLU luncheon meeting. Martin, then, allegedly won $344,930.36 of the seven days of the trial," Brown said. Spanish Village. 2nd Friday every month. From noon. All welcome. over and above the appraised value of the He added that the case was being "hotly land, Brown said, going on to add that the contested" by then-Atty. Gen. Waggoner ITEMS for this feature cost, for the first entry, usual fee in such cases is one-half of the Carr, "for by then his land condemnation 7c a word, and for each subsequent entry, 5c a amount recovered above the state division had received four doses of Hill word. We must receive them two weeks before appraised value. Martin therefore, one of County justice at the hands of Mr. Martin the date of the issue in which they are to he published. several attorneys in the case, would have and his cronies." their own production organization, the Southern Educational Communication How Free Is ETV? Association (SECA). Most of the broadcasting talent, however, is centralized on the East and West coasts, and SECA's programs, which run the gamut from panel Austin and Domestic Needs: Contest for discussions to light entertainment, often Two of the state's six educational Tomorrow," shown on the Public simply are not as good as NET's. (An television stations, KLRN, which serves Broadcasting Laboratory. The duPont estimated half of the SECA programs both Austin and San Antonio, and KTXT award is one of the highest accolades given shown in the last year — and most of the in Lubbock, recently postponed, perhaps in the broadcasting field.) good ones—have come from the KLRN forever, the showing of a controversial The Austin station director asked three studios.) SECA has not been an effective NET documentary, "Who Invited US?". UT professors, Walter W. Rostow (Lyndon counter to NET. As one southern ETV The producer of the hour-long program, Johnson's former aide), James Roach, and executive put it, "To fight something that Alan Levin, contacted the Observer to Malcolm Macdonald to preview the is skillfully done, you need to be equally criticize the stations for censoring the program with the idea of participating in a skillful. SECA's documentaries have not program. He believes the stations balked at panel discussion afterwards. Only Rostow gotten above the level of Army propaganda showing his documentary because "this is appeared for the preview. He reportedly films." the first time the dollar imperatives behind said it had been very cleverly done by American expansionism have ever been A perusal of a list of the board of called that" on TV. The hard-hitting, trustees of KLRN makes it obvious why sometimes dogmatic, production provides a the station executives are chary of critical interpretation of this country's televising radical views. The list is a roster penchant for military intervention from Morris to Speak of the educational and economic 1898 until the present, a striking establishment of Central Texas. alternative to the idealistic and self-serving The officers of KLRN are Ralph historical perspective children are taught in Lubbock Langley, San Antonio attorney, chairman; U.S. public schools. The stations' Willie Morris, editor of Harper's Howard. Cox, vice-president of Austin's reluctance to show the program without magazine and formerly the editor of the Capital National Bank, vice-chairman; rebuttal brings into question the freedom Observer, will speak on March 16, 7:15 Wayland P. Moody, president of San of educational television in the nation. p.m., at Texas Tech. He will be the Antonio College, secretary; and John Nash, guest of honor afterwards in the home chairman of the Austin Chamber of KUHT, THE University of of Mark Smith, Lubbock attorney. Commerce, treasurer. Houston's educational station, at first Board members include Harry Akin, refused to run "Who Invited US?" and .restaurateur and former mayor of Austin; then decided to balance it with a panel members of the new left. Despite his Father L. J. Blume, president of St. Mary's discussion. Levin flew to Houston to be on objections to the program's condemnation University in San Antonio; Richard F. the panel, which was moderated by John of American interventionism, Rostow told Brown, publisher of the Austin Emmerich, editorial page editor of the Schenkkan that it would not be American-Statesman; Mrs. Roy Butler, wife Houston Chronicle. The discussion lasted worthwhile to follow the program with a of the automobile dealer who is president for an hour and a half, with numerous discussion, because such rebuttals are of the Austin school board; Charles Butt, questions being telephoned to Levin and boring and few viewers would stay tuned. heir to H.E.B. food stores; Irby Carruth, the U of H professors on the panel. Schenkkan tried to get the other Texas superintendent of Austin public schools; Robert F. Schenkkan, director of the educational stations to go along with him Leroy Denman, executive with a San UT Communication Center and general in refusing to broadcast or in delaying Antonio loan and trust company; S. manager of KLRN, was angered by what he broadcast of "Who Invited US?", but only Thomas Greenburg, president of Incarnate considers bias in the NET program. "We the Lubbock station complied. Word College in San Antonio; Norman don't think it provides a balanced view of D. M. Mackelroy, the director of the Hackerman, president of the University of the situation," he explained. "It just is not station there, told the Observer that in Texas at Austin. a very responsible way to behave. We are a light of the "controversial material" in the L. D. Haskew, UT professor of monopoly, after all, and that requires us to program, KTXT will not run "Who Invited educational administration; Harold Hitt, provide some sort of balanced discussion of US?" until a panel can be set up to superintendent of San Antonio public controversial issues. The law calls for a free accompany it. Levin said ETV stations in schools; W. W. Jackson, former chairman voice and a balanced voice. The question Washington, D.C., Virginia, and California of the State Board of Education; Joe is: When is one allowed to propagandize?" also have postponed his program or refused Kilgore, UT regent and former to run it. As an example of his objections to the congressman; John King, president of program, Schenkkan described a series of Huston-Tillotson College in Austin; Louis shots in which two American soldiers are L EVIN QUESTIONS whether Kocurek, president of Rauscher Pierce Co. shown blindfolding Vietnamese women educational television is actually the free in San Antonio; Quincy Lee, San Antonio and then walking away with rifles slung medium it was designed to be. He said that land developer; Robert Luby of Luby's over their shoulders. The implication, the many other programs with provocative cafeteria fame; W. W. 'McAllister, Sr., Austin television executive says, is that the content have been censored, especially in mayor of San Antonio; John McMahon, women were shot, but there is no the South. A recent example was NET's president of Our Lady of the Lake College explanation of the incident in the audio special on Dick Gregory, which Levin said, in San Antonio; E. Gary Morrison, San portion of the program. was shown almost nowhere in the South. Antonio attorney; Ted Read, executive Schenkkan also questioned Levin's The San Antonio-Austin station did director of the Licensed Beverage credentials as a producer. "We don't know televise "Dick Gregory is Alive and Well," Distributors Association; Milton Smith, who he is," he said. (A National and it received some complaints from local president of Economy Furniture Co. in Educational Television news release viewers. Some accused the station of airing Austin; Leon Stone, president of Austin revolution. concerning "Who Invited US?" says Levin National Bank; Harold Vagtborg, president won last year's duPont award for "Defense In reaction to the liberal bent of NET of Tesoro Petroleum Co. of San Antonio; programs, educational television stations in and E. T. Ximenes, San Antonio physician. 10 The Texas Observer the former Confederate states have formed K.N. Can the Disenchanted Left Bring the Right into Power? Follow the Action in Homefront . Protest and repression are putting the the name of George Wallace; first to expose squeeze on the democratic middle. That's the outrageous drive against sex education why the Institute for American Democracy as another cynical Far Right propaganda keeps tabs on extremism. Its monthly trick. Patrick Frawley newsletter HOMEFRONT provides inside HOMEFRONT readers see the information on who's who and what's what similarities •between SDS and YAF; the on the Far Left and Far Right. Panthers and the Klan. It is a reliable, HOMEFRONT was the first to expose responsible publication which names the joint Birch Society-White Citizens names. Get HOMEFRONT and you'll be Council effort to build a mass movement in where the action is. Robert Welch What National Leaders Say About IAD "Performing skillfully a task that is indispensible "Only by keeping the extremists under the public to preserving the quality of American life." spotlight can we keep them from making Dr. Arthur Larson, former chief USIA destructive inroads." "The work of the Institute is vital if a rational Sen. Gale McGee dialogue is to flourish." Sen. Frank Church "A vital and courageous voice." John Henry Faulk — author H. L. Hunt

"Sprightly, vibrant and terribly important." ROMEFRONT iargi Esther Peterson, former Undersecretary of Labor INSTITUTE FOE ANENICAN Of OCIUCT Con Frantz:Won —1970 •••■•• eoutz "IAD is growing in importance every day." Dr. Cynthia Wedel, pres., Nat'l. Council of Churches 81..k Panther Pra m Pot Instant So: unos Prnntel CiEtens Canna, Fight to Se/rogation t.... "I consider IAD a strategic bulwark against HOMEFRONT extremism." Willis Carto INET/tui MU AMERICAN OESIOCEACT Methodist Bishop W. Kenneth Pope Far Right Making Hay on Pueblo Issue 446"1"tagla "The rising tide of extremism must be countered." Sen. Edward W. Brooke

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A PARTIAL LIST OF SPONSORS — Steve Allen, Harry Ashmore, Sen. Edward W. Brooke, Hodding Carter, Sen. Clifford Case, John Kenneth Galbraith, Gen. James Gavin, Dr. Clark Kerr, Dr. Arthur Larson, Dr. Franklin H. Littell, Archibald MacLeish, Sen. Gale McGee, Dr. Roy Menninger, Sen. Frank E. Moss, Sister Mary Olivia, Bishop W. Kenneth Pope, Bernard Rapoport, Dr. James Shannon, Adlai Stevenson III, Dr. Cynthia Wedel, Roy Wilkins, Willard R. Wirtz, Whitney M. Young, Sr., Major Bundy Exec. Dir. Charles R. Baker. Miskell Outflanks Opponents

Austin was pending, and the talk died down. But An apparent attempt by Gov. Preston Governor Smith wanted his job because he it was revived last fall after I began had written speeches for Smith's primary Smith and his appointees to the State investigating this Fort Worth man." Finance Commission to replace Consumer opponent, Eugene Locke, in 1969, Miskell Both Smith and Bullock denied Miskell's denied ever writing speeches for Locke. Credit Commissioner Frank Miskell with a allegations. Despite his public demurs, Miskell man of Smith's choosing has failed. Miskell Senator Kennard of Fort Worth backed continued in private to agree with his outflanked his opponents by announcing up the commissioner's charges. He said friend Kennard's assessment of his tenuous his resignation early in January, before the certain loan sharks threatened reprisals situation. Kennard later told the Observer commissioners met to hear after Miskell helped convince a Senate that Miskell probably was "ambiguous" on recommendations of his removal. Miskell committee to kill the bill they were the television program because he was blamed "political pressure" for his supporting. The same people who "vowed assuming the position of a public official, reluctance to continue his job regulating to get Miskell" have made statements "a hired hand." The senator said, "I don't the state's small loan companies, and his about "vast amounts of money they have think he was backing down on anything. I supporters, including Lt. Gov. Ben Barnes placed in the governor's campaign for think he felt that as a state official he and State Sen. Don Kennard, called for a election and who seem to think they have should not be the one to bring charges." public airing of the situation. The Finance the governor in their hip pocket," Kennard Commission reacted • by giving Miskell a said. He added, "I think this is a shocking M ISKELL ASKED for a public rather nervous vote of confidence. thing that a particular segment of the meeting to discuss his resignation, and it For months, rumors have been rife that industry can come in and attempt to exert was held by the Finance Commission on Miskell, originally a Connally appointee, pressure on the governor and in turn exert was in jeopardy of losing his Feb. 12. Paul D. Lindsey of Dallas opened pressure on the Finance Commission and the discussion by moving to reject Miskell's $30,000-a-year position. The fact that a seek the resignation of a man of Miskell's three-member subcommittee of the resignation. When it seemed likely that his caliber." (The Fort Worth man Miskell motion would die for lack of a second, he Finance Commission had been discussing intended to investigate is Jean Cordell who the possibility of firing the credit asked Baker to help him out. "I would not owns a chain of loan offices in Texas, second that motion," Baker answered. commissioner leaked to the press in Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, January, prompting a number of Then, Robert A. Mann of Trinidad Kennard told the Observer. Although seconded Lindsey's suggestion, explaining speculative articles. Oft-repeated, and Cordell is not listed among Smith's probably truthful, reports indicated that he was doing so only to allow the matter to, campaign contributors in the public be discussed. Smith owes political debts to certain small records of the Secretary of State, he is so loan operators who contributed heavily to Lindsey praised Miskell for doing a fine listed in Smith's private file — to the tune job, saying the only thing he might be his 1968 gubernatorial campaign. The loan of $5,000.) sharks object to Miskell's stringent faulted for was "a lack of Kennard called for a senate investigating communication," which he attributed to regulation of their business; so when the committee to find out if there was any governor appointed Rex G. Baker, Jr., of the commissioner's being so bright that his wrongdoing by Miskell or his staff, if any tongue cannot keep up with his brain. "But Houston and Vernon E. Neuhaus of new finance commission member had Mission to the finance board, he reportedly I don't know how you can criticize a man instructions to fire Miskell, and if any staff for being smart," Lindsey added. elicited promises from them that they member from the governor's office was would attempt to fire Miskell and replace "Frank is one of the most brilliant involved directly or indirectly in the people I have ever known, and a dedicated him with Bob Bullock, one of the matter. Lieutenant Governor Barnes, an governor's aides. Both men are on the person," Baker chimed in. But he said that admirer of Miskell's, contacted members of sometimes Miskell seemed to be "playing subcommittee that supervises the the Finance Commission's subcommittee games with us" on fiscal matters, proposing Consumer Credit Commission, Baker being to see if they had any information on "acts a bigger budget than necessary. "The result chairman. They admitted having discussed of misfeasance or malfeasance" which is a surplus that saddles the industry with Miskell's performance at subcommittee might lead them to accept Miskell's unnecessary expenses," Baker said. (The meetings, but both denied being under resignation. He said he would order an Credit Commission budget is financed by a pressure from the governor to remove him. investigation if the situation was not aired tariff levied on the state's small loan publicly. companies. Last year Baker's committee ISKELL TOLD the press that he M After his initial charges of political cut Miskell's proposed budget of $647,951 was resigning because of "political pressure pressure, Miskell, a normally tactiturn by only $32,240, not qUite 5%.) applied by loan sharks." 'The immediate administrator, remained silent, answering catalyst for the move to fire him, Miskell Miskell was asked by Baker what he few reporters' calls, making no public would do if the commission rejected his said, was his investigation of a Fort Worth statements. Three weeks after he offered loan company whose owner "heavily resignation. "I don't want the job just to his resignation, he downgraded his original keep a job," Miskell said. "If it means a supported" Governor Smith in 1968. "I statement in an interview on an Austin started hearing rumors about a year ago better program for the consumers of Texas, television program, "Capitol Eye." "I I would stay. If I haven't got your that Governor Smith was unhappy with me reached the decision [to resign] in my own and intended to get me fired as a favor to a confidence, I will go. . . . An agency can be mind," he insisted. "I thought it was the destroyed by inaction or uncertainty." He certain small segment of the loan best thing I could do under the industry," he said. "But these people said he has been unable to recruit a deputy circumstances." He declined to say what apparently didn't want to rock the boat commissioner and chief counsel because "the circumstances" were. It was only on prospects always want to know: "How during the legislative session, while their the basis of rumors that the commission bill to raise the interest rates on small loans long are you going to be commissioner?" was dissatisfied with his work that he had With a majority of the committee resigned, the commissioner said. apparently ready to accept Miskell's 1 The Texas Observer Questioned about a rumor that (Continued on Page 13) resignation, Lindsey asked the committee that maybe Miskell should be asked if he hands, and Baker, to everyone's surprise, to postpone the effective date of his had anything to say, but then he changed was one of the first to raise his hand in resignation until April 13, the twentieth his mind and called for the question favor of retaining Miskell. His action anniversary of his tenure in state instead. apparently prompted others to follow his government and an important milestone The first voice vote appeared to include lead, and the vote for retaining the when it comes to retirement benefits. The only two committee members in Miskell's commissioner was unanimous. K.N. final vote was called for. Baker suggested favor. Then someone called for a show of Elroy Bode's Notebook

El Paso This is what classic means: that the job the railings. Everyone stood there patiently PARADISE I was down at the bus station was done, and need not be done again. — casting, waiting, looking at the bay and the other night, watching the people in the the stars and the night — and no one waiting room. They were hardly elegant. —Gqd save us from ambitious women who, seemed to care, really, if he caught Travel-tired Negro women wrestled with in the long run, never do the truly creative anything or not. People seemed content their scab-nosed, crying babies; a young work but merely want to. just to stand there and let the waters.lap spastic threw himself forward on two against the dark pilings underneath and the wobbling canes. One toothless old woman —Men in their 30's and 40's, with their new Gulf wind blow steadily across their with bursting-fat ankles inched along in hostilities. They are getting pudgy in the bodies. faded house slippers while thin, unshaven middle, they drink to excess, they have As I look back it seems impossible that men with bloodshot eyes stared past her become a little too dissatisfied with their anyone on that peaceful stretch of boards out the glass doorway. A huge, dull-eyed jobs and wives. So — their bodies sagging, should have ever found a reason to become Navajo in a straw hat wandered past their lives increasingly humdrum — they angry: it was as though human emotions looking forlorn; two West Coast teddy look around irritably for someone to were completely diluted — were in solution boys with beatle shoes and wrinkled blame. with the night and the Gulf and the tight-legged pants argued and smoked and sweeping salt air. . . . Perhaps a fishing pier banged viciously at the pin ball machines. RANCH PEOPLE I cannot help loving the is one of the few places on earth where a And old broken men sat on the benches, idea of them, their lives. war could never start — where no one slumped into their coats. Just the other day I cut out a would take aggression seriously. Yet as I watched them in all their photograph from the Sheep and Goat waiting room grotesqueness — the halt and Raisers Magazine. A young rancher near —Sometimes thoughts dealing with the lame and put-upon and unredeemed — I San Saba had won a prize for taking care of infinite grow inside me like over-yeasty had a curious vision of what Heaven must his range properly — something like that — bread in a hot oven. My head begins to be like. I found myself staring into space, and the family was shown posing in their swell and whirl and wants to explode. My into Heaven, and the people I saw there ranch front yard: the neat young wife, a mind grows dizzy straining into places and walking slowly side by side were these couple of yellow-haired kids, the perceptions just beyond itself. same graceless travelers of the bus station. thick-bodied, slightly balding young This occurs when I am looking out a It was like seeing into the hold of a cosmic rancher in his sport shirt and khakis. The window, say, and suddenly I stop living in slave ship where manacled, starving, yard gate was ajar between the two rock reeking prisoners were chained together in posts, a collie was lying on the grass, March 6, 1970 13 a swarming mass. Paradise, the vision flowers bordered the front of the house, seemed to say, was wherever human beings oak trees were in the background. were king — in all their ruined and unlovely There he was, in the country, in front of mortality. his home, with his family: a man who had CLASSIFIED become a prizewinner because he took care BOOKPLATES. Free catalog. Many beautiful CLASSICS What a writer does is mark off a of his range. . . . designs. Special designing too. Address: BOOK- piece of land or a group of people and stay PLATES, Yellow Springs 8, Ohio. right there working until he makes the land NIGHT FISHING ON THE COAST It was ANNE'S TYPING SERVICE (Marjorie Anne or the people his: the country becomes only my uncle and I who wanted to Delafield, owner): Complete Typing Service, Faulkner Country, the people Steinbeck continue fishing at night. He would light Duplicating (printing, multilith, mimeo, ditto), People. A man and his materials become so his after-supper cigar — first puffing on it a binding, Mailing, Public Notary. Twenty years much one that they cannot be separated. little to be sure it was caught — and then experience. Call 442-7008 or 442-0170, Austin. And it's not just art; it's chemistry: after gathering up the rods and stringers OKLAHOMA LIMITED. A Journal of Political hydrogen finds oxygen — marvelously, and metal fishing boxes we had laid down Opinion. Published Monthly $5 Per Year. Box with beauty, for keeps. beside the tent, we would leave the others 2777-TO, Norman, Okla. 73069. Of course someone else can always try and walk the hundred yards or so up the beach to the pier. JIM GARRISON'S EVIDENCE CATALOG — to take over ownership of that very same Photocopy of Suppressed Files — Just Released. land or people or way of life, but it will The wind would be blowing in strong Send $2.00, Jim Brown, Box 651, Waltham, probably not do him much good. He can from the Gulf and the waters would seem Massachusetts 02154. never get a clear title. Someone may make magically wide and black as we walked another canoe trip down the Brazos River toward the end of the pier. We would find MARCH ON WASHINGTON—photo essay, over in November, say, but what he writes a place underneath one of the small high 100 pictures, speeches, etc. 10"x12" Absolute. bulbs and put down our gear and begin to Send $2.50 Relevance Press, Box 366X about it is apt to be pale stuff, or Newcomb Hall Station, Charlottesville, Va. derivative. For John Graves has already cast out into the darkness. And as 1 fished 22901. made that particular trip, and felt it, and — the wind in my face, the surf breaking did the writing about it, and there is little easily along the shore — it always seemed THE TRUMPET—Digest of Independent Liberal way that further writing and feeling can to me that there was a quiet fraternity Thought. 1 year (12 issues) — $1. PUB 232, bite more deeply into that same material. among those who had scattered out along Goleta, Calif. 93017. that window-moment and I see the whole serving line and began placing fresh mind. I read the second-rate right along sweep of my years flow into the bigger doughnuts into the glass shelves. with his best because I am not looking for sweep of life — life here, there, forever; life perfection out of Sherwood Anderson. I unbeginning, life unstoppable. The whole —What I am can only be found in my don't read him in the early morning for magnificence stuns me with the great childhood. That is the wood of my life; that. What I go to his books for is the sense looming shadows of sixth-dimensional everything else is simply paint. of life, of old mysterious mortality, of how depths. It is not long before I am sucked it is to be human and alive and moving headlong through that window of temporal SHER WOOD ANDERSON: I read him about on the earth — especially, moving life, drawn by the magnetic awesomeness before breakfast. I read about driven men about with a little imagination. Thus we of pure time and pure space. who write beautiful imaginary novels on manage to establish a friendly communion, park benches, men who go off to ther this man and I. He is not like so many —An East Texas primitive type: towns just to walk around there and savor writers who take pains to hide themselves Terrelldactyl. the town's strangeness — to feel alone and carefully behind the shining machinery of anonymous; men who go down to New their words. He stands there in full view, in —Poetry is what you see when you take Orleans and meet other men — small all his apparent artlessness: a writing man, one step to the side of a familiar path and aristocratic Southern poets who limp and loose on the world with his senses intact; a look at ordinary things with extraordinary drink because of the wounds of World War man with regions of America inside his eyes. I. Some of the stories are little more than head — a man who wants to tell about incidents and remembrances, but I don't them compassionately, and with wonder. ALAS, POOR YORICK — TEE, HEE! She was talking about an accident of the day Observations before: a high school student had slammed his car into two young girls, killing them instantly. The girls had been walking home along a sidewalk when the car suddenly veered from the street and jumped the curb Welfare and Bussing and slammed the two girls against a stone wall. Austin Huff-and-Puff racism of the Southern Governor Smith is to be commended, I The woman is a small, gray-haired bigots, but does not conceal what he is believe, for finding idle funds pigeonholed cafeteria worker who serves teachers coffee doing. He is making politics out of a every morning. As she talked she suddenly in the state treasury to maintain welfare method of integration that has worked in brightened: "Somebody said they were payments at their present level, without a some places and probably will work some eating ice cream!" And she giggled. Her special session. Fortunately his fustian places in Texas if he will start acting like he laughter wasn't loud and she did not even anti-welfare rhetoric had no relationship to believes in local self-government again. what he did. sound particularly frivolous. It was just that she was a little nervous and had let the But there is a substantive irresponsibility giggle escape. in his rhetoric against school bussing. His Ten Commandments Her mouth kept the smile for a moment, use of his State Democratic Executive grew uncertain, finally collapsed into Committee to get a meaningless statewide For Spiro seriousness. She turned away from the vote on school bussing is quite demagogic, and it will goad on the wolves of racism in Thou shalt not: 14 Texas this spring. Since, as he admits, the The Texas Observer result of a referendum cannot be binding • Open thy mouth except to eat, on local school districts, it is apparent that and that is not mandatory. what he is looking for is a no vote that • Show thy face on TV again — A-PLUS UNIVERSITY SERVICES local boards can use against bussing. enough horror pictures come from Vietnam. With you in mind: "The question as I see it," he says, "is • Denounce all intellectuals as • typing not whether we should bus our school unpatriotic subversives merely because • theses children or whether we should avoid thou canst not understand what they say. • resumes bussing to perpetuate segregation." And • Drape thyself in all of the • law briefs why isn't that the question? That is exactly American flag, thus leaving no part of it • mu Itilithing what it is. The governor's lip service to • dissertations for others who might qualify. • graphic arts dept. "upgrading our neighborhoods and our • Denounce all young people as schools . . . housing and employment" and dangerous subversives, lest thou come Our prices are reasonable—our service is good. to "uniform enforcement of our laws and upon sorrow when thine own daughter of federal education guidelines" avoids the defies the edict from ON HIGH and Come by 504 West 24th St. (in the same marches. building with The Observer) or call 1 1 477-5651. • Separate the people of this great nation into loyal and disloyal merely on Good Job, trt the basis of their approval or disapproval of the Nixon administration. MARTIN ELFANI Sen. Yarborough • Classify as unpatriotic all persons who oppose the Vietnam "experiment." Sun Life of Canada • List as unpatriotic those persons BUMPERSTRIPS: 4 for 50c, 15 for $1, 100 unable to find jobs. for $3, 500 for $14, 1,000 for $25. Send • 1001 Century Building check and Zip Code; we pay postage and tax. List as unpatriotic those males who choose to let their hair and beards Houston, Texas FUTURA PRESS i.c grow as nature intended. Phone 512/442-7836 • List as unpatriotic those females

1714 SOUTH CONGRESS who do not believe that the stork brought CA 4-0686 the baby. P.O. BOX 3485 AUSTIN. TEXAS San Antonio —HART STILWELL The Observer can now be found in the reading rooms of an additional 55 libraries in Communities Texas, as a result of early responses to the gift subscription campaign announced in the last issue. The cities listed below which have not been crossed out are still in Need! without the Observer in their county or public library.

Abernathy Boerne Parkdale Euless Grand Prairie Yeirng Lancaster Rocksprings Albany Bonham Cotulla Fabens Branches: Carnegie +11-Porte Rockwall Allen -Bergef Crane Falfurrias Memorial Denver Harbor Levelland Ropesville Agin- Bowie Crockett Horerti+le Dalworth Elizabeth Ring Lewisville Rosebud Amarillo South- Brady Crosby Floy dada Grand Saline George Meyer Lib/arty- Rosston west Branch Bridgeport Crosby ton Fort Stockton Grapevine Littlefield Round Rock Anson Brownfield Crowell Fort Worth Groom Lakewood Livingston Runge Anton Burkburnett Branches: Grooves M. E. Walter Lockney Saginaw Archer City Burnet Cuero East Groveton. Oak Forest Longview Saint Jo Aspermont Calvert Daingerfield North Gruver Park Place Branches: San Angelo: Austin Branches: -estttereti Dalhart Northeast Hale Center W. L. D. Johnson Carver Dunbar Branch Allandale Canadian Dell City South Hamilton Humble Greggton San Antonio earver- Carrollton Denison -Setttheas4. Hamlin Huntington Lorenzo Branches: Highland Park Carthage Eloeitt.em- Southwest Harlingen' ay. Los Fresnos Carver Oak Springs Castroville De Soto West— Haskell Hurst Louise bfrfitki Twin Oaks Cedar Hill Devine Richland Hills Hutchins cytibbeelt- McCreless Baird Center Dieitiftsfott Il Iv, Hem pstead Imperial Madisonville Prospect Hill Barksdale Centerville Dimmitt Freeport Henrietta Ingleside Mansfield R vvacvcl t Bastrop Channelview Donna Freer Hereford Park Marathon Sasz-kedso Baytown Branches Channing Dumas Frien dswood Higgins Irran Marble Falls South San Antoni -Sterling- Clarendon Duncanville Friona Highlands Italy Mathi§ Westfall Wooster Clarksville Eagle Lake Fritch Honeygrove 42erksetrriile McAllen San Juan Beaumont Claude Eagle Pass Gainesville Harris County Jasper McCamey Sanderson Branches: Cleburne Edinburg -GoWoo-Pack Branches: Jayton McLean Schulenberg Central Park Cleveland Edna Garland Fairbanks Jefferson Mercedes Seadrift Tyrrell Clifton El-C-af&pe- Branches: Garden Villas Johnson City Mertzon Seagoville Bee Clute El Paso Nicholson Jeeitt4e- Junction Meserttit-e Seagraves Bellaire - Coldspring Branches: Rowlett No. Houston Kendalia Seymour Bellville City A. niijo- Sachse Memorial Killeen Miami Shamrock I ISO VI Mineola Belton Comfort Fox €rarvrerefd So. Houston Sherman Bertram Copperas Cove bower-W-8444w George West -Spfing-13.Paffek Kyle Morton Branches: Big Bend Corpus Christi Memorial Pk. Georgetown Turner La Grange Mt. Enterprise -Strertrrarreattit Branches: Richard Burges Goldthwaite .-West-Uetversity Muenster Sherman Memorial Bishop La Retama 144443Fs4e- Gen•m.1es Houston La Marque Muleshoe Sierra Blanca Blanco Greenwood Electra Gransbury Branches: Lamesa Munday Silverton Niisegcic.c.lazs Sinton Nederland Skellytown New Boston Slayton Libraries are likely to get the Observer habit, once they receive it regularly for awhile. But they New Braunfels Smithville need someone to get them started for a year or two. Several friends have from time to time Nixon Snyder Branches: Odem Scurry made it their project to see that the Observer's library circulation keeps pace with the growing Olney Lincoln number of branch libraries that are being established throughout the state. Two subscribers have Olton Spearman been sending a check every month for several years to be used in this campaign. -9rattge Stamford Orange Grove Stanton Ozona ,S44.0444- If you find in the list a city which is a sentimental favorite or is of special concern we hope you -12a448a14- Sterling City will want to provide a source where the community can find a valuable supplement to the views Palacios Stinnett too commonly expressed in the local press by getting that library on the Observer habit. 1 year Panhandle Stratford Pearsall Sundown $7.30; 2 years $13.55; 3 years $18.77. Pecos Sunray Pep Sweeny Petersburg Tahoka Send the Observer for the period indicated to the library in the city listed below: Pettit Teague Pineland Terrell Plains Telt:m-64y CITY: [ ] 1 year [ 2 years. [ 3 years Plano Three Rivers Pleasanton Tilden If this library has been already selected- Pt. Comfort Tioga [ ] Send it to my second or third choice: Per-4-24F-thilf Tomball Return my check and I'll decide what to do. Brunches: Vernon [ Ga-tes-Meiffefiel Victoria [ Go ahead and pick out another library. West-Side Waelder Pert-L-avtiea- Waxahachie My name: Port Neches Wellington Post Whef4eft- Premont Wheeler Street: Quanah White Deer Quemado Whiteright City, State: Rails Whitharral Ranger Wiehita-Falls Raymondville 4.1.441.14-44644ch You may use my name in announcing the gift subscription. Richardson Wilmer Robstown Wink [ check enclosed [ bill me Rockdale Winnsboro Rockport Winters Wolfe City 1 THE TEXAS OBSERVER 504 WEST 24TH AUSTIN TEXAS 78705 I

• Perhaps the new Gulf Coast Waste Disposal staff as office manager. Oil Spills Authority, although now limited to three In sum, then, the Observer goes on as a counties, is a start in the right direction. stable financial enterprise, the only such venture in the that we know Roy Payne, director of field operations of that is paying its bills out of earned for the Texas Railroad Cmsn., testifies that Gatesville income. It is good to be part of a liberal more than 25,000 barrels of oil has been enterprise that is making its own way. We released into Texas bays since 1964. He thank everyone who stands with us in what That vaunted "study" of the state admitted that some companies violate the is in effect a cooperative for the reform schools, with which Lt. Gov. Ben law by refusing to report oil leaks as improvement of the life in this region. R.D. required and that the commission has never Barnes turned aside the demand for an filed $1,000-a-day lawsuits against the law investigation of brutality at Gatesville, has violators, as it could. Hugh Yantis, collapsed. Barnes has told Sen. Criss Cole chairman of the Water Quality Board, said, that House Speaker Gus Mutscher won't Dialogue "Up to this date, there is no genuine approve the study, so it won't be protection against a major spill occurring in conducted. Cole says that kills it, since the respected national organization that was the wrong place," and the date he said it was Feb. 16, 1970. Our beaches are being going to do it gave the state a March 1 The Status of Women polluted by oil spills and nobody in state deadline. The big question is not why government is doing a damn thing about it. Barnes is playing this game — that's no You erred when you stated [Obs., Feb. What can be done? mystery, he's allied with Texas Youth 20] that no significant progress has been Council Director James Turman, who runs Two state assemblymen in California made in legislation affecting women since the reform schools. The big question is the have announced plans to create, by the Hobby administration. one that Cole, chairman of the Senate legislation, a California Coastline In 1967, the most significant legislation Conservation and Development Youth Affairs Committee, asked: "why Dr. ever passed in Texas concerning property Commission. It would have the power to Turman has been so opposed to a rights of married women was embodied in prohibit any project from half a mile professional group examining the policies, the marital property bills, drafted by the procedures, and programs of his agency." inland to three miles offshore which would State Bar of Texas. These provisions are So where do we go from here? Nowhere? cause irreversible darnage to the shoreline carried forward in the new family code as Back into the field when the allegations of and to draw up comprehensive plans for sections 4.01-5.86. These laws give married the proper use of the shoreline. Local and beatings at Gatesville start reaching us women the same rights and responsibilities regional governmental agencies would be again? God, the fakery that passes for as married men. In probably what was the government in this state. consulted in the new commission's height of idiocy, the legislative committee regulating and planning work. This good of the Texas Federation of Business and idea fits our needs in Texas as well as it Professional Women opposed the bill in does the needs of the Californians. We Our Heirs 1967. should not wait for a Santa Barbara before Title I of the family code, enacted by creating such a commission in Texas. We've had the doctrine with us for the Legislature in 1969 and also drafted by almost two thousand years that the poor the State Bar of Texas, uses the words shall inherit the earth, but look, man, what "person" and "spouses" instead of "man" 16 The Texas Observer- are you, some kind of nut? Our own Will or "woman" and "husband" or "wife." Wilson of Austin and Dallas, now head of The grounds for declaring a marriage void, the criminal division in the Justice voidable, or for divorce are the same for Department in Washington, sets the men as for women. Our intention (I am on doctrine straight for modern America. He one of the drafting committees) is to make says in the Feb. 13 Life magazine, "I'll tell men and women as equal as possible under you something, the kids who want to be the law. Sears Roebuck store managers . . . those A lot of work needs to be done on labor kids are goin' to inherit this country." R.D. laws discriminating against women. I hope that concerned groups can draft these laws and successfully lobby them through the The Observer Legislature in 1971. Louise B. Raggio, 610 United Fidelity Bldg., Dallas, Tex. 75202. From a working capital deficit of $3,700 a year ago, the Observer has worked its Mrs. Raggio is the secretary of the way to a smaller deficit of $1,700 now, the recently organized Governor's Commission result of a $2,000 gain in the net income, on the Status of Women. —Ed. (on a cash-in, cash-out basis,) during the last year. Our subscribers have held fast in In Reply the range above 10,000, despite the $1 increase in the subscription rate required A good friend of mine wrote in the last last year by our steadily increasing costs. issue of the Observer [Dialogue, Feb. 20], Because of our steady growth we are George Preston. He was a very good friend anticipating further improvement in our of my father, Bill Thomas. Dad taught a working capital situation, and on that basis class at Selwyn School, and George was we are increasing the salaries of the one of his pupils. George was not only a full-time Observer staff people somewhat good friend of my father, but is a friend of to help them keep up with the rising cost mine. Dad was probably the best dad in the of living. These are the first increases Greg world. Like George, Dad was an absolute Olds, Kaye Northcott, and Cliff Olofson Coors beer lover! have had since taking the jobs they are Dylan Paul Thomas, 1213 W. 1 2th St., doing. Irene Wilkinson joins the permanent Austin, Tex. 78703.