2016 6th International Conference on Information Technology for Manufacturing Systems (ITMS 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-353-3

Room After Everyone Reservoir Project Environmental Assessment

Xiaoying Changa , Huiren Baib , Li Liuc , Hongxia Wang University Civil Engineering College, Dalian 116622, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Corresponding Author: Bai Huiren, Professor,email:[email protected]

ABSTRACT: Dahuofang reservoir has become a major water source is of great improtant to the local reservoir province of , so the two-way influence of reservoir and environment living and safety. In order to investigate the effect since the completion of Dahuofang Reservoir to the surrounding environment, the paper is based on use of a single factor index method and accumulate index, comprehensive pollution and other methods to inveatight Dahuofang reservoir surrounding environment, mainly dealt with the Dahuofang reservoir surrounding atmosphere, investigation and assessment of water quality and heavy metal pollution. The results showed that Dahuofang Reservoir on the surrounding air and water pollution and heavy metals have different degrees of impact.

KEYWORDS: Dahuofang; Post-evaluation; Water quality; Heavy metal; The atmosph

1. INTRODUCTION

Water Diversion Project to connect the emergency 2. AFTER THE EVALUATION THE Biliuhe as the boundary is divided into northern ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Biliuhe section and the southern Biliuhe section, the total length is 201.32km. Emergency Water 2.1 Reservoir heavy metal pollution assessment after Conveyance project involves four cities, nine to the revervori counties. The total area of 23,578.91 acres, which Input Rivers of Dahuofang reservoir mainly come covers an area of 21,576.54 acres temporarily, from Hun River (Kiyohara segment), Suzi River and permanent covers an area of 2002.37 acres. The The River Club. Reservoir catchment area covers Northern BILIUHE total is 20,727.78 acres, which the mountainous areas in eastern Liaoning (Liaoning covers an area of 18983.61 mu temporarily, Province gathering deposits), the production of gold, permanent land 1744.17 acres. Water Conveyance copper and iron ore, and therefore a large number of Project covering lands of Haicheng, City, high levels of heavy metals in waste water flow into the Laobian Dist, , , Pulandian, the reservoir, leading to the heavy metal pollution of with small number of immigrants. After reservoir. To adopt cumulative index and biological investigation and summary of the actual volume of effects of potential index (SQG-Q) on Cd the project, a relocation of 187 households, a Dahuofang reservoir, the degree of contamination population of 745 persons. The Static investment Pb, Cu and Zn for monitoring and evaluation. 3.99468 billion yuan, the environment, and water Dahuofang reservoir 7 into muddy, muddy 37 and conservation, land investment 621,710,000 yuan. 73 three monitoring sections, where muddy storage Static total investment of 4.61639 billion yuan. section 73 is shown in Figure 1. Financing the construction period interest 306.75 million yuan, with a total investment of 4.91314 billion yuan.

282 values to determine the extent of contamination of quantitative indicators. The method may reflect the effects of natural variation and human activities determine sediment heavy metal elements in the environment, so it is widely used in the majority of scholars. The formula is: [3] Igeo = log2 [Ci /kBi] (1) Formula (4), Igeo cumulative index for the land; Ci to refer to the content of the element i in sediments; Bi as a reference value, namely the value of the local geochemical background in rock parent Figure 1. Dahuofang Reservoir Monitoring sectional view. material of the element; k to take into account the possible diagenesis factor will cause changes in the 2.2 Accumulative index (Igeo) value of the background and take, the general value Cumulative Index was introduced by in 1969 of 1.5.Accumulate pollution index and grade level German scholar Muller to propose the use of heavy are shown in Table 1. metals in sediments of a relationship between the total amount of their geochemical background

Table 1. Cumulative Index to pollution Severity Level. Igeo <0 (0,1] (1,2] (2,3] (3,4] (4,5] >5 series 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Degree of pollution No No-Middle Middle Middle-power Strong Strong-Pole-strength Pole-strength

2.3 Biological effects of potential index(SQG-Q) ecology. PEL-Qi expressed heavy metals in sediments of the biological effect level i; PEL is Potential biological effects can be used to determine caused by the concentration of heavy metals in the index of marine, estuarine and freshwater sediments of various adverse biological effects occur sediments toxic pollutants potential ecological risks. frequently. Caused by heavy metals in sediment concentration (that is, the value of PEL) freshwater Cd = negative biological effects occur frequently (2) 3.53, Cu = 197, Pb = 91.3, Zn = 315; Where C The concentration of heavy metals in 2008 by monitoring the heavy metal content of surface sediments from the measured value of i; each section were improved compared with 2002, SQG-Q represents ecological risk index; There are As each section are exceeded, muddy section 7 of three levelsSQG-Q≤0.1 no ecological hazard risk; zinc and cadmium exceeded Table 2. 0.1≤SQG-Q≤1 moderate ecological potential risk of harm; 1≤SQG-Q height of the potential risk of harm

Table 2. Reservoir everyone bottom housing units for heavy metals test results: mg/kg. Monitoring Monitoring Cu Zn Pb Ge As Hg section Year 2002 73.8 153.0 50.0 0.56 - - Muddy 7 2008 96.8 306.8 74.1 1.36 32.6 0.21 2002 95.2 202.5 61.6 0.48 - - Muddy37 2008 99.0 271.6 63.1 0.85 32.0 0.21 Muddy73 2002 98.2 245.0 60.0 1.40 - Reservoir 2002 89.1 200.2 57.2 0.81 - - Average 2008 97.9 289.2 68.6 1.10 32.3 0.21 standard 100.0 300.0 350.0 1.00 20.0 1.00 value

283 3.2 Evaluation methods and evaluation 3. RESERVOIR CONDITIOON OF RESERVOIR Single factor index method is to the actual with

WATER CURRENT standard , if the ratio is greater than 1, is exceeded, if the ratio is less than 1, is qualified in order to Water is the most essential substance for us human determine water quality categories. Single factor beings, and water quality is closely linked to our index method evaluation as "Surface Water health . Such a water diversion project as Dahuofang Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002) in Reservoir the water quality monitoring result in 21 indicators in addition to warm water, nitrogen, recent years show. The water quality from fecal coliform. Dahuofang reservoir exceed T stand and II of Omprehensive pollution index is used to monitor surface water, reaches to standard III. The main the concentration of pollutants and its evaluation pollutants exceeding content in descending order are criteria as a standard pollution index of the project, phosphorus, total nitrogen, volatile phenol, ammonia and then get the comprehensive pollution index by and other chemical pollutants are the main water weighting. Taking into account the Reservoir reservoir water quality problems if the reservoir Characteristics of Water Pollution in the calculation environment. of water quality pollution index chosen 3.1 Water quality monitoring and samping points set representative pollutants reservoir area, including in step TN, permanganate index, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, cyanide, BOD, volatile phenol and copper, zinc, etc., as the comprehensive pollution index method of evaluation. As shown in Table 3 for the reservoir water quality monitoring method using these methods of water quality comprehensive evaluation.

Table 3. Reservoir water quality testing methods. Reservoir water quality detection method Sequence number Project Method 1 Water temperature Surface thermomeer 2 pH Glass electrode method 3 Specific conductance Conductance instrument method 4 Permanganate index Permanganate method 5 Biochemical oxygen demand Dilution and inoculation test 6 Ammonia nitrogen Nessler reagent-colorimetry 7 Cyanide Different hydrochloric acid-bi thiazole moiety ketone colorimetric method 8 Volatile penol 4-amino anti than stand light spectrophotometry 3.3 Dalian city focus on the water quality of drinking water sources Table 4. The water quality of drinking water sources. Sequence The test items Limiting Biliuhe Yingnahe Wolong Songshu Wazidian Beidahe Daxi Dezi Zhuw number and unis value reservoir reservoir reservoir -shan -tang -eizi

Routine 1 Water 17.5/3.2/0.6 9.0/5.0/4.5/ 9.0/7.0/4. 9.0/0.8/0. 18.7/4.0/3.1 10.3/4.2/4.7 14.0/4. 18.7/ 11.8/2 detection temperature /2.2 6.6 0/6.2 0/0.0 /6.3 /6.1 5/3.0/6. 1.0/3 .0/0.0/ index 2 .1/4. 0.0 1 2 pH 6.5~9 7.5/8.1/8.0/ 7.69/7.65/7. 7.89/7.88 7.2/7.7/7. 8.26/8.25/8. 7.86/8.15/7. 8.20/8. 7.91/ 7.9/7. 8.2 78/7.36 /7.93/7.6 5/7.5 38/7.93 94/7.96 31/8.27 7.98/ 8/7.7/ 3 /8.15 8.22/ 7.8 8.25 3 Specific 232/233/25 155/156/16 549/467/ --/--/375/ 353/382/45 365/354/37 641/63 528/ 169/1 conductance 5/257 5/156 517/529 289 6/381 9/345 4/673/5 502/ 78/16 79 542/ 0/168 284 549

4 DO,mg/L ≥5 8.4/12.0/11. 8.49/8.68/8. 7.62/9.36 7.2/7.0/1 8.84/8.37/8. 8.88/9.10/8. 8.54/8. 8.79/ 10.5/1 8/13.4 83/8.98 /8.24/8.2 8.7/7.0 64/8.96 88/8.70 98/8.61 9.53/ 1.6/9. 3 /8.56 9.06/ 2/10.1 9.04 5 Permanganate ≤6 2.6/1.8/2.2/ 1.95/2.45/2. 5.93/3.78 0.9/1.0/1. 3.52/3.38/3. 4.35/3.38/3. 4.06/4. 3.36/ 4.2/2. index，mg/L 2.7 35/2.67 /2.47/4.2 0/1.0 78/2.95 30/2.55 58/5.60 3.78/ 6/3.0/ 2 /5.76 5.44/ 3.3 5.43 6 Biochemical ≤4 1.2/1.7/2.2/ 0.80/0.25/0. 3.98/2.23 1.39/1.02 1.12/1.52/1. 3.37/1.46/1. 2.01/1. 1.56/ 4.0/2. oxygen 1.4 23/0.76 /0.90/2.9 /1.33/1.0 07/1.07 29/1.64 38/0.97 <0.5/ 6/1.7/ demand， 6 8 /0.98 0.47/ 3.1 mg/L 0.49

7 Ammonia ≤1.0 0.597/0.280 0.06/0.04/0. 0.04/0.25 0.34/0.66 0.04/0.07/0. 0.21/0.12/0. 0.1/0.0 0.21/ 0.147/ nitrogen， /0.250/0.40 06/0.06 /0.16/0.0 /0.57/0.5 05/0.02 16/0.05 6/0.11/ 0.09/ 0.142/ mg/L 5 4 6 0.07 0.08/ 0.112/ 0.06 0.099 8 Cyanide， ≤0.2 <0.004/<0. <0.002 <0.002 0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.0 <0.00 mg/L 002/<0.004 02 4

9 Volatile ≤0.005 <0.003/<0. <0.002 <0.002 0.0002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.0 <0.00 penol，mg/L 002/0.0003 02 03/<0. 003/0. 0012/ <0.00 03

Table 5. Content of pollutants in water.

A particular year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total phosphorus 0.036 0.039 0.022 0.02 0.070 0.03 0.035 0.038

Total nitrogen 2.28 1.85 1.69 1.86 2.20 3.28 3.03 3.41

Copper 0.01 0.016 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.01 ------Zinc 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.03 0.025 ------

Selenium 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.00 0.002 ------

Arsenic 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.00 0.004 ------

Mercury 0.00002 0.00002 0.00002 0.00 0.00002 ------

Table 4 and Table 5 show the water quality of drinking water sources of Dalian in Nov.Dec 2015 to Jan.Fed 2016 respectively. The major pollutants 4. AFTER THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT each water source permanganate index, ammonia, OF TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION cyanide, volatile phenol concentrations are controlled within limits. From 2006 to 2013 the Dalian is featured with a warm temperate content of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and other semi-humid monsoon followed by the maritime pollutants, total nitrogen, total phosphorus were climate. Dalian is located in northern mid-latitudes, exceeded, TN exceeding 100%. Data can be seen by the climate is characterized by: four seasons, mild TP, TN are rising trend, prevention and control climate, humid air, concentrated rainfall, monsoon should be intensified. obviously, with strong wind. The annual average temperature is 8-11 °C, the hottest month is August

285 (July and August Dalian tourist season), the coldest previous years shows that everyone in the reservoir January. Annual rainfall of 550-1000 mm, 60% -70% built housing improved to some extent on the of the rainfall concentrated in July and August, the temperature did not Play an important role. However, precipitation season serious uneven distribution. its impact on Dalian and its surrounding large (Table 6) Dalian in recent years the average precipitation see Figure 2. With the water reservoir temperature in 1958 Dahuofang reservoir was put in Dalian reached nearly 60 years, the largest rainfall into use more than the city's average annual 1059mm in 2012. [1] temperature showed an upward trend compared with

water quality and water have adversely affected. 5. CONCLUSION Thus protecting the reservoir environment, water conservation is very important. Water conveyance project and ancillary works Intake Area in Dalian is an important country and the industrial and agricultural production base in 6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Liaoning province, heavy and light industry is particularly developed, but lack local freshwater This works was used in College Students Innovation resource-poor, It is one of most serious water and Entrepreneurship Projects shortage areas in China. The water covey and project of Dalian reservoir is to offer a palliative way to satisfy the regular water demand of local REFERENCES residents and for emergency water supply. In this paper, by investigating the use of a range of methods [1] Zhaodongmei (2013) Dalian nearly 60 years of elaborated everyone after completion of the temperature variation. [2] Dalian Meteorological Bureau of Liaoning Province reservoir housing a range of issues and benefits. (2016). Focuses on the environmental impact after the [3] Qixiaojun&Wangende&Fujianfei Dahuofang Reservoir project is completed and evaluated, the results show Evaluation of Heavy Metal PollutionResources and Civil that the reservoir constructive has a great impact on Engineering, Northeastern University, 110004, the surrounding climate, pollution and changes in China. 286