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Universidade Federal Da Bahia “Viva O Feminismo Vegano!”

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Universidade Federal Da Bahia “Viva O Feminismo Vegano!” UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS NÚCLEO DE ESTUDOS INTERDISCIPLINARES SOBRE A MULHER PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ESTUDOS INTERDISCIPLINARES SOBRE MULHERES, GÊNERO E FEMINISMO ÍRIS NERY DO CARMO “VIVA O FEMINISMO VEGANO!”: GASTROPOLÍTICAS E CONVENÇÕES DE GÊNERO, SEXUALIDADE E ESPÉCIE ENTRE FEMINISTAS JOVENS Salvador 2013 ÍRIS NERY DO CARMO “VIVA O FEMINISMO VEGANO!”: GASTROPOLÍTICAS E CONVENÇOES DE GÊNERO, SEXUALIDADE E ESPÉCIE ENTRE FEMINISTAS JOVENS Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Feminismo, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, como um dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestra em Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Feminismo. Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Alinne Bonetti Salvador 2013 ____________________________________________________________________ Carmo, Íris Nery do C287 “Viva o feminismo vegano!”: gastropolíticas e convenções de gênero, sexualidade e espécie entre feministas jovens / Íris Nery do Carmo. - Salvador, 2012. 166f. Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Alinne Bonetti . Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, 2013. 1. Feministas - Vegetarianismo. 2. Relação homem-mulher. 3. Sexualidade. 4. Geração. 5. Espécie. I. Bonetti, Alinne. II. Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. III.Título. CDD – 305.42 __________________________________________________________________________________ TERMO DE APROVAÇÃO ÍRIS NERY DO CARMO “VIVA O FEMINISMO VEGANO!”: GASTROPOLÍTICAS E CONVENÇOES DE GÊNERO, SEXUALIDADE E ESPÉCIE ENTRE FEMINISTAS JOVENS Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de mestra em Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Feminismo do Programa de Pós- graduação do PPGNEIM da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA. Salvador, 09 de setembro de 2013 ___________________________________________________ Prof.ª Dr.ª Alinne de Lima Bonetti Orientadora e Presidenta da Sessão Professora do Departamento de Ciência Política da UFBA PPGNEIM/FFCH/UFBA ___________________________________________________ Prof.ª Dr.ª Regina Facchini Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ___________________________________________________ Prof.ª Dr.ª Laila Rosa Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) ___________________________________________________ Prof.ª Dr.ª Márcia dos Santos Macedo Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) – Suplente Professora do Departamento de Ciência Política da UFBA PPGNEIM/FFCH/UFBA A Meu avô José Nunes do Carmo (in memoriam). AGRADECIMENTOS A minha orientadora, a Prof.ª Dr.ª Alinne Bonetti, pela generosidade, confiança e estímulo intelectual que caracterizam a nossa parceria neste período. A Carla Duarte e Katia Araújo, por depositarem confiança e acreditarem no potencial desta pesquisa desde o seu início. A Carla Oliveira, pela solidariedade e presteza. As amigas que me hospedaram e acolheram em São Paulo durante parte da pesquisa de campo: Luiza Kame, Elisa Gargiulo, Denise Bertolini e Elaine Campos. A minha família, por ter semeado o gosto pelo conhecimento. Aos meus gatos, Diva e Apolo, pela companhia nas madrugadas de escrita. Ao Núcleo de Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre a Mulher (NEIM/UFBA) e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES) pela infraestrutura e apoio. Estamos dolorosamente conscientes do que significa ter um corpo historicamente constituído. Mas com a perda da inocência sobre nossa origem, tampouco existe qualquer expulsão do Jardim do Éden. Donna Haraway, 2009 RESUMO A partir dos anos 2000, a heteroglossia feminista parece se complexificar com a emergência das jovens enquanto ativistas que afirmam identidades e demandas específicas. É nesse contexto que se nota o forjamento de grupos que aprofundam a “politização do privado” – uma estratégia que marcou o movimento feminista da segunda metade do século XX – ao inserir a alimentação estritamente vegetariana, ou vegana, em um contexto de ativismo feminista. Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa realizada em seis eventos feministas nos quais foi produzida e servida alimentação vegana, buscou-se compreender tal faceta do feminismo contemporâneo lançando-se mão da categoria analítica “gastropolítica” (APPADURAI,1981). Investigaram-se os sentidos atribuídos a essa alimentação a partir da articulação dos marcadores de gênero, sexualidade, geração e espécie. Argumenta-se que a politização do que se ingere está imbricada numa rede de ativismo que utiliza a música, os zines e as oficinas para construir uma prática política centrada no cotidiano, na autonomia e no prazer. Nessa cosmologia, o corpo – enquanto receptáculo ativo dessa alimentação – é trazido para o centro dos investimentos enquanto um lugar que pode reinventar ontologias humanas e não- humanas, não só de espécie mas também de gênero e sexualidade. Palavras-chave: Gastropolítica. Gênero. Sexualidade. Geração. Espécie. ABSTRACT Since the 2000’s the feminist heteroglossia seems to be complexified with the emergency of young activists who claim for specific identities and demands. In this context we can notice the construction of groups that radicalize the “politization of private” – an strategy which marked the feminist movement in the second half of the 20th century – by the insertion of a strictly vegetarian food (vegan food) in a feminist activist landscape. Using qualitative research realized in six feminist events where vegan food was cooked and shared, we tried to understand this face of contemporary feminist movement using the analytic category of “gastropolitics” (APPADURAI, 1981). The meanings attributed to the food were investigated from the articulation of gender, sexuality, generation and species. We argue that the politization of what we eat is imbricated in an activist network that use the music, zines and workshops to build a political practice centered in the daily life, the autonomy and in the pleasure. Inside this cosmology, the body – understood as an active receptacle of this food – is brought to the center of the political investments as a place where we can reinvent human and non-human ontologies, not just species ontologies but gender and sexuality ontologies too. Keywords: Gastro-politics. Gender. Sexuality. Generation. Species. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Figura 1 Cartaz da convocatória para o I Festival Vulva la Vida (2010) Figura 2 Página do zine Sapatoons Queedrinhos (2012) Figura 3 Página do zine Sapatoons Queedrinhos (2012) Figura 4 Página do zine Sapatoons Queedrinhos (2012) Figura 5 Imagem do zine Sapatoons Queedrinhos (2012) Figura 6 Cartaz do II Festival Vulva la Vida (2013) de autoria de Lina Alves Figura 7 Cartaz do II Festival Vulva la Vida (2013) de autoria de Lina Alves Figura 8 Banda Soror no III Festival Vulva la Vida (Foto por Elaine Campos) Figura 9 Grafite de Paula Dahmer (Foto por Íris do Carmo) Figura 10 Página do zine Sapatoons Queerdrinhos (2012) Figura 11 Páginas do zine “Gorda, Eu?!” (2012) Figura 12 Páginas do zine "Gorda, Eu?!" (2012) Figura 13 Divulgação do I Ladyfestinha no Facebook (2012) LISTA DE SIGLAS CR Carnaval Revolução CCS-SP Centro de Cultura Social de São Paulo CC Corpus Crisis EF Emancipar Fest FVLV Festival Vulva la Vida JOC Juventude Operária Católica LF Ladyfestinha LJAS Liga Juvenil Anti-Sexo NUWSS National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies PETA People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals SQ Sapatoons Queerdrinhos TQ TodasQueer WFL Women’s Freedom League WSPU Women’s Social and Political Union SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO ...................................................................................................................... 12 1 ENTRE HUMANAS E ANIMAIS: CAMINHOS DE UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO FEMINISTA ........................................................................................................................... 21 1.1 DAS CATEGORIAS E CAMINHOS DA ANÁLISE ....................................................... 22 1.2 APROXIMANDO VEGETARIANISMO(S), VEGANISMO(S) E FEMINISMO(S) ...... 28 1.2.1 Das políticas vegetarianas: constituição de um campo político ................................... 28 1.2.2 Do feminismo: entre vegetarianismo e veganismo.......................................................... 39 1.3 ENCONTRADA: GASTROPOLÍTICAS FEMINISTAS VEGANAS ............................. 44 2 A BADERNA FEMINISTA: COLETIVOS, OFICINAS, ZINES E SHOWS .................. 53 2.1 OS EVENTOS ETNOGRAFADOS ................................................................................... 63 2.1.1 III Liga Juvenil Anti-Sexo ............................................................................................ 63 2.1.2 I Festival Emancipar ..................................................................................................... 67 2.1.3 I EncontrADA: corpo, feminismo e tecnologia – livre! .............................................. 70 2.1.4 Show acústico do Dominatrix e Sad Girls Por Vida mais lançamento do zine Sapatoons Queerdrinhos ........................................................................................................ 73 2.1.5 I Ladyfestinha ................................................................................................................ 76 2.1.6 III Festival Vulva la Vida .............................................................................................. 80 2.2 O CAMPO FEMINISTA JOVEM VEGANO ..................................................................
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