DOCSLIB.ORG

Balanophora Di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Balanophora Di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara BALANOPHORA DI KAWASAN HUTAN BATANG TORU BLOK BARAT, KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI BAGUS PRIO PRAKOSO 140805054 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BALANOPHORA DI KAWASAN HUTAN BATANG TORU BLOK BARAT, KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk melengkapi tugas dan memenuhi syarat mencapai gelar Sarjana Sains BAGUS PRIO PRAKOSO 140805054 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS BALANOPHORA DI KAWASAN HUTAN BATANG TORU BLOK BARAT, KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini adalah hasil karya sendiri, kecuali beberapa kutipan dan ringkasan yang masing-masing disebutkan sumbernya. Medan, Januari 2020 Bagus Prio Prakoso 140805054 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI Judul : Balanophora di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Kategori : Skripsi Nama : Bagus Prio Prakoso Nomor Induk Mahasiswa : 140805054 Program Studi : Sarjana Sains Fakultas : MIPA- Universitas Sumatera Utara Disetujui di Medan, Januari 2020 Komisi Pembimbing Pembimbing 2 Pembimbing 1 Matthew G. Nowak, M. A. Dr. Nursahara Pasaribu, M.Sc. NIP. 196301231990032001 Ketua Program Studi, Dr. Saleha Hannum, M. Si NIP. 197108312000122001 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BALANOPHORA DI KAWASAN HUTAN BATANG TORU BLOK BARAT, KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA, PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Hutan di Indonesia merupakan hutan hujan tropis yang di dalamnya tumbuh berbagai tumbuhan, salah satunya adalah parasit. Tumbuhan parasit digolongkan menjadi hemiparasit dan holoparasit. Salah satu kelompok tumbuhan holoparasit adalah suku Balanophoraceae, diantaranya adalah Balanophora. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Balanophora, tumbuhan inang, asosiasi tumbuhan bawah dan faktor abiotik yang mempengaruhinya di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat dan telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli sampai September 2018. Balanophora dieksplorasi menggunakan metode eksplorasi di jalur trek yang ada. Tumbuhan inang diketahui dengan menelusuri jalinan akar yang diparasiti. Asosiasi tumbuhan bawah diketahui dengan mendata tumbuhan menggunakan metode petak bersarang. Ditemukan dua jenis Balanophora yaitu Balanophora papuana dan Balanophora elongata dengan 13 jenis tumbuhan inang yang semuanya adalah pohon kecuali satu jenis sebagai pencekik. Tidak ada persamaan jenis asosiasi tumbuhan bawah pada masing-masing jenis dimana Balanophora papuana berasosiasi sebanyak tujuh jenis dan Balanophora elongata sebanyak 14 jenis. Faktor abiotik yang mempengaruhi keberadaan Balanophora adalah pH tanah. Balanophora papuana dipengaruhi oleh suhu udara, sedangkan Balanophora elongata dipengaruhi oleh suhu tanah. Perbedaan faktor abiotik kedua jenis tersebut yaitu pada suhu udara dan tanah, kelembaban udara dan intensitas cahaya. Kata Kunci: Asosiasi, Balanophora, Hutan Batang Toru, Sumatera Utara Tumbuhan Inang. ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BALANOPHORA IN THE WEST BLOCK BATANG TORU FOREST, NORTH TAPANULI, NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE. ABSTRACT Indonesia’s forest are tropical forest that contains many kind of plants, including parasite. Parasitic plants were separated into hemiparasite and holoparasite. Balanophoraceae is a holoparasitic plant and Balanophora was one of it. The aim of this study was to inventory species of Balanophora, it’s host trees, association with ground cover and abiotic factors that affect Balanophora in The West Block Batang Toru Forest. This studies has been conducted from July until September 2018. The exploration method were used to inventory the Balanophora along the existing track path. The hosts were known by traced the roots that attached to the Balanophora. Ground cover association was known using nested plot method. There were only two Balanophora found, they are Balanophora papuana and Balanophora elongata. Thirdteen host plants were known and all of it was tree except one as a strangler fig. Neither the B. papuana and B. elongata shared same ground cover association. B. papuana associated with seven species while B. elongata associated with 14 species of ground cover. Soil acidity were known affected both Balanophora. Balanophora papuana affected by air temperature while B. elongata affected by soil temperature. There were soil and air temperature, air humidity and light intensity that differ between the Balanophora. Key Words: Associations, Balanophora, Batang Toru Forest, Host Plant, North Sumatra. iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PENGHARGAAN Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamiin, puji dan syukur Penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT atas berkat dan karunia-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini dengan judul Balanophora Di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya Penulis sampaikan kepada Ibunda tercinta R.A. Sri Anom Wulan Widyo Widjinarti dan Ayahanda Legianto serta Adik Wahyu Windari dan Keluarga Besar R.A Irfan Ali dan Keluarga Besar M. Husin atas doa, cinta, kasih sayang dan dukungan baik semangat maupun materi serta perhatian setulus hati kepada Penulis untuk menyelesaikan naskah skripsi ini. Terima kasih Penulis sampaikan kepada Ibu Dr. Nursahara Pasaribu, M. Sc dan Bapak Matthew G. Nowak, M. A selaku dosen pembimbing atas dukungan, arahan, waktu serta kesabaran yang luar biasa dalam membimbing Penulis saat memulai penulisan hinggah naskah skripsi ini selesai. Terima kasih juga Penulis sampaikan kepada Ibu Dr. Etti Sartina Siregar, M. Si dan Ibu Dr. Erni Jumilawaty, M. Si selaku dosen penguji yang telah membantu dan memberikan masukan dan saran untuk kesempurnaan penulisan naskah skripsi ini. Semoga Allah SWA melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya kepada Bapak dan Ibu. Penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Ibu Dr. Isnaini Nurwahyuni, M. Sc selaku dosen akademik yang juga telah banyak membantu dan menyemangati Penulis melewati permasalahan perkuliahan dan penelitian, Ibu Dr. Saleha Hannum, M. Si dan Bapak Riyanto Sinaga M. Si selaku Ketua dan Sekretaris Program Studi Biologi FMIPA USU serta Ibu dan Bapak dosen serta staff Program Studi Biologi FMIPA USU. Terima kasih penulis sampaikan kepada pihak Yayasan Ekosistem Lestari (YEL) yang telah memberi izin dan membiayai penelitian Penulis di stasiun penelitian Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Blok Barat. Ucapan terima kasih juga Penulis sampaikan kepada Ibu Gabriella Fredriksson, Bapak Mistar Kamsi, S. Si, Abangda Herman dan Iwan yang telah memfasilitasi dan membiayai Penulis untuk melakukan penelitian di Hutan Batang Toru serta meluangkan waktu memberikan arahan dan ide-ide sehingga penelitian terlaksana dengan baik. Terima kasih yang iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA tak terhingga juga Penulis sampaikan kepada Kakak-Abang terhebat di stasiun penelitian Camp Mayang yaitu Kakanda Andayani Oerta Ginting S. Hut, Sheila Kharismadewi Silitonga S. Si sebagai koordinator camp yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan, waktu dan diskusi kepada Penulis. Terima kasih juga kepada Staff Lapangan Abangda Ulil Amri, Dosman Sitompul, Jevi Gultom, Nanda Simanungkalit atas kerjasamanya, sambutan hangat, canda tawa, ilmu dan bantuannya selama Penulis berada di Camp Mayang. Terima kasih juga kepada Pak Aan, Kak Rita, Kak Friska, Bang Andri, Tante, Bang Ozi, Bang John dan Pak Sity atas sambutan hangat, bimbingan dan canda tawa selama Penulis di Mess Yel. Penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada teman-teman GENOM Stambuk 2014 khususnya teman seperjuangan Mutia Muharani, Siti Aisyah Harahap dan Rince Gustia Lisna yang telah berjuang bersama dalam suka dan duka saat penelitian sampai selesainya naskah skripsi ini Terima kasih kepada sahabat- sahabat penulis yaitu TRANSPARAN (Taufik, Aries, Agum dan Yogi) dan NOMADEN (Rizky, Fajar Angkat, Juflin, Farhan, Fajar Shiddiq, Almed, Jo, Aldi dan Febri) yang telah memberi dukungan, semangat, tempat pelarian dan mewarnai kehidupan Penulis selama perkuliahan. Terima kasih kepada Keluarga Besar Taksonomi dan Ekologi Tumbuhan (Kak Zia, Kak Khairani, Kak Fitri, Kak Fina, Kak Ivana, Kak Tia, Fuji, Yuli, Cindy, Gilang, Ilmal dan Pretty) dan Keluarga Besar Ekologi Umum (Bang Sandro, Bang Adet, Tria, Dina, Ardy, Mika, Bayti, Yuda, Melati dan Ulfa). Terima kasih kepada BIOPALAS yang selalu menjadi kebanggaan Penulis baik di dalam kampus maupun di luar kampus. Sebagai manusia dengan kodratnya yang tidak pernah luput dari kesalahan dan kekhilafan. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Untuk itu Penuis mengharapkan kritik dan saran dalam melengkapi kekurangan penyusunan skripsi ini. Semoga kiranya skripsi ini akan bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Medan, Januari 2020 Bagus Prio Prakoso v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI Halaman PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI i ABSTRAK ii ABSTRACT iii PENGHARGAAN iv DAFTAR ISI vii DAFTAR TABEL ix DAFTAR GAMBAR x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN xi BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN 1 1.1 Latar Belakang 1 1.2 Permasalahan 2 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian 2 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian 3 BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 4 2.1 Hutan 4 2.2 Tumbuhan Parasit 4 2.3 Pengelompokan dan Jenis-jenis Tumbuhan Parasit 6 2.3.1. Hermiparasit 6 2.3.2. Holoparasit 6 2.4 Taksonomi Balanophoraceae 7 2.5 Morfologi Balanophora 7 2.6 Persebaran Balanophoraceae 8 2.7 Jenis-jenis Balanophoraceae di Malesia 9 2.8 Tumbuhan Inang Balanophora 9 BAB 3. METODE
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Significance of Abiotic Control on Gynura Procumbens (Lour.) Merr Herbs in Malaysia for Better Growth and Secondary Metabolite Enrichment
    AsPac J. Mol. Biol.Biol. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. 2015 Vol. 23 (2), 2015 Abiotic control in Gynura procumbens culture 303 Vol. 23 (2) : 303-313 Watering and nitrogen and potassium fertilization: The significance of abiotic control on Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr herbs in Malaysia for better growth and secondary metabolite enrichment Mohamad Fhaizal Mohamad Bukhori1,2*, Hawa Z.E. Jaafar1, Ali Ghasemzadeh1 1Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 2Centre for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia Received 3rd June 2015 / Accepted 10th October 2015 Abstract. Environmental changes have led to cellular adjustment and adaptation in plant growth. External factors have, for example, influenced the growth pattern of Gynura procumbens plants and led to production of specific secondary metabolite internally for the purpose of differentiation and conditional interaction. These developmental patterns and production of metabolites are expressional characteristics of the plant, and so growers can have only a restricted range of movement or limited control over their reaction to environmental changes compared to their reaction to human or animal interactions. Even though metabolite production is pervasive among the plants, the need to explore abiotic control strategies for regulating the patterns of growth of Gynura procumbens as well as their accumulation of metabolites has been shown to be significant in recent studies of plant-abiotic interactions. Keywords: Abiotic, growth, Gynura procumbens, herbs, metabolite INTRODUCTION Conventional value of Gynura procumbens. complementary medicine production called for by Traditionally, Malaysia has had an extensive array of the Malaysian government. The Globinmed has herbal medicinal plant species and traditional promoted the importance of medicinal plants by medical systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnomedicinal Aspects of Angiospermic Epiphytes and Parasites of Kerala, India
    Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 11(2), April 2012, pp. 250-258 Ethnomedicinal aspects of angiospermic epiphytes and parasites of Kerala, India AE Shanavaskhan,1,2 M Sivadasan,3* Ahmed H Alfarhan,3 & Jacob Thomas3 1Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode P O, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India 2Present address: Natural Resources and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 3Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *E-mail: [email protected] Received 15.07.2009; revised 10.03.2010 Studies on ethnomedicinal aspects of epiphytes and parasites of Kerala have been conducted and it revealed that as the tribes of Kerala have a lot of terrestrial medicinal plants available around their premises, they seldom resorted to the epiphytic and parasitic medicinal plants occurring on tall trees for their use as drugs for the treatment of ailments. Hence, their knowledge on epiphytes and parasites was found to be very limited, especially among the young generation of the tribes. The present study reported the use of 28 species (16 epiphytes and 12 parasites), which represent about 13.4% of the total epiphytes and parasites present in Kerala, and they are of valuable properties and uses and are used for curing or corrective measures for several diseases. Majority of the properties and uses recorded are first reports pertaining to these special groups of plants. A thorough investigation on the phytochemistry and therapeutic values of the bioactive compounds contained in these epiphytes and parasites would result in the discovery of new and valuable drugs of high potentials and of interest to the Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Brooklyn, Cloudland, Melsonby (Gaarraay)
    BUSH BLITZ SPECIES DISCOVERY PROGRAM Brooklyn, Cloudland, Melsonby (Gaarraay) Nature Refuges Eubenangee Swamp, Hann Tableland, Melsonby (Gaarraay) National Parks Upper Bridge Creek Queensland 29 April–27 May · 26–27 July 2010 Australian Biological Resources Study What is Contents Bush Blitz? Bush Blitz is a four-year, What is Bush Blitz? 2 multi-million dollar Abbreviations 2 partnership between the Summary 3 Australian Government, Introduction 4 BHP Billiton and Earthwatch Reserves Overview 6 Australia to document plants Methods 11 and animals in selected properties across Australia’s Results 14 National Reserve System. Discussion 17 Appendix A: Species Lists 31 Fauna 32 This innovative partnership Vertebrates 32 harnesses the expertise of many Invertebrates 50 of Australia’s top scientists from Flora 62 museums, herbaria, universities, Appendix B: Threatened Species 107 and other institutions and Fauna 108 organisations across the country. Flora 111 Appendix C: Exotic and Pest Species 113 Fauna 114 Flora 115 Glossary 119 Abbreviations ANHAT Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) NCA Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Queensland) NRS National Reserve System 2 Bush Blitz survey report Summary A Bush Blitz survey was conducted in the Cape Exotic vertebrate pests were not a focus York Peninsula, Einasleigh Uplands and Wet of this Bush Blitz, however the Cane Toad Tropics bioregions of Queensland during April, (Rhinella marina) was recorded in both Cloudland May and July 2010. Results include 1,186 species Nature Refuge and Hann Tableland National added to those known across the reserves. Of Park. Only one exotic invertebrate species was these, 36 are putative species new to science, recorded, the Spiked Awlsnail (Allopeas clavulinus) including 24 species of true bug, 9 species of in Cloudland Nature Refuge.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) Alcoholic Root Extract Against Oral Pathogens
    Pharmacogn J. 2019; 11(6):1299-1302 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Original Article www.phcogj.com Effects of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) Alcoholic Root Extract Against Oral Pathogens Irani Binti Alloha1, Nurul ‘Ain Liyana Binti Aziz1, Ghasak Ghazi Faisal2,*, Zurainie Abllah3, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi2 ABSTRACT Introduction: Eurycoma longifolia jack (E.L) is a herbal medicinal plant of South-East Asian origin, popularly recognized as ‘Tongkat Ali.’ The plant roots have been scientifically proven to have many biological effects including antibacterial activity however, no previous research to date has studied the effect on oral pathogens including cariogenic bacteria. This study was done to determine the antibacterial and antifungal activities of E.L. root extract against Irani Binti Alloha1, Nurul ‘Ain three common oral pathogens. Material and Methods: The microorganisms used were Liyana Binti Aziz1, Ghasak Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. E.L root was extracted 2, Ghazi Faisal *, Zurainie using soxhlet method. Disc diffusion assay was conducted using extract concentration of 3 2 Abllah , Mohd Hafiz Arzmi 200 mg/ml. Nystatin and Ampicillin were used as positive control for fungal and bacterial ¹Students, Kuliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, tests respectively. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was done to determine the lowest MALAYSIA. inhibitory concentration of the extract on the microorganisms. Results: E.L extract inhibited ²Lecturer, Fundamental Dental and Medical the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans at a concentration of 200 mg/ Sciences Department Kuliyyah of Dentistry, ml with a zone of inhibition of 16.0 ± 3.0 mm and 7.0 ± 1.0 mm respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas Pt. 2
    Surinam (Pulle, 1906). 8. Gliricidia Kunth & Endlicher Unarmed, deciduous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, petiolate, odd-pinnate, 1- pinnate. Inflorescence an axillary, many-flowered raceme. Flowers papilionaceous; sepals united in a cupuliform, weakly 5-toothed tube; standard petal reflexed; keel incurved, the petals united. Stamens 10; 9 united by the filaments in a tube, 1 free. Fruit dehiscent, flat, narrow; seeds numerous. 1. Gliricidia sepium (Jacquin) Kunth ex Grisebach, Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Gottingen 7: 52 (1857). MADRE DE CACAO (Surinam); ACACIA DES ANTILLES (French Guiana). Tree to 9 m; branches hairy when young; poisonous. Leaves with 4-8 pairs of leaflets; leaflets elliptical, acuminate, often dark-spotted or -blotched beneath, to 7 x 3 (-4) cm. Inflorescence to 15 cm. Petals pale purplish-pink, c.1.2 cm; standard petal marked with yellow from middle to base. Fruit narrowly oblong, somewhat woody, to 15 x 1.2 cm; seeds up to 11 per fruit. Range: Mexico to South America. Grown as an ornamental in the Botanic Gardens, Georgetown, Guyana (Index Seminum, 1982) and in French Guiana (de Granville, 1985). Grown as a shade tree in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). In tropical America this species is often interplanted with coffee and cacao trees to shade them; it is recommended for intensified utilization as a fuelwood for the humid tropics (National Academy of Sciences, 1980; Little, 1983). 9. Pterocarpus Jacquin Unarmed, nearly evergreen trees, sometimes lianas. Leaves alternate, petiolate, odd- pinnate, 1-pinnate; leaflets alternate. Inflorescence an axillary or terminal panicle or raceme. Flowers papilionaceous; sepals united in an unequally 5-toothed tube; standard and wing petals crisped (wavy); keel petals free or nearly so.
    [Show full text]
  • The Salient Features of Floristic Wealth and Diversity of Sacred Groves of Kerala, India
    International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2019): 7.583 The Salient Features of Floristic Wealth and Diversity of Sacred Groves of Kerala, India M. Rajendraprasad1, T. Shaju2, G. Thulasidas3 Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India rajendraprasadvkm[at]gmail.com Abstract: Sacred Groves are the tracts of virgin forests; the vestiges of an ancient practice in which people has been protecting forest patches associated with home, temple, agricultural fields or in public places to avoid the perceived wrath of its resident God. In such groves all life forms including microbes are belong to deity and it is believed that, any harm to them invites the displeasure of deity in the form of disease or decease. These terrestrial forest ecosystems are usually in association with fresh water conservatory and this together extent a number of ecological, edaphological and conservational services in the landscape of Kerala. In Kerala the natural forests are extended in the high ranges and highland area (Altitude above 100 m MSL), the sacred groves are distributed in midland or lowland regions (Altitude below 100 m MSL) where the natural forests are not seen. The sacred groves have a comprehensive environmental role in the track of urbanized landscape ecology of the state by protecting flora and fauna. The investigation divulges the unparallel and unique floristic accounts, distinct ecological and conservational values of vegetation, which are extended to the traditional landscape of the state which are succumbed to various anthropogenic pressures. Keywords: Conservation, Floristic Wealth and Diversity, Sacred Grove of Kerala, Traditional Landscape 1.
    [Show full text]
  • REPORT Conservation Assessment and Management Plan Workshop
    REPORT Conservation Assessment and Management Plan Workshop (C.A.M.P. III) for Selected Species of Medicinal Plants of Southern India Bangalore, 16-18 January 1997 Produced by the Participants Edited by Sanjay Molur and Sally Walker with assistance from B. V. Shetty, C. G. Kushalappa, S. Armougame, P. S. Udayan, Purshottam Singh, S. N. Yoganarasimhan, Keshava Murthy, V. S. Ramachandran, M D. Subash Chandran, K. Ravikumar, A. E. Shanawaz Khan June 1997 Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions ZOO/ Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, India Medicinal Plants Specialist Group, SSC, IUCN CONTENTS Section I Executive Summary Summary Data Tables List of Participants Activities of FRLHT using 1995 and 1996 CAMP species results Commitments : suggested species for further assessment CAMP Definition FRLHT's Priority List of Plants Role of collaborating organisations Section II Report and Discussion Definitions of Taxon Data Sheet terminology Appendix I Taxon Data Sheets IUCN Guidelines Section I Executive Summary, Summary Data Table, and Related material Executive Summary The Convention on Biological Diversity signed by 150 states in Rio de Janerio in 1992 calls on signatories to identify and components of their state biodiversity and prioritise ecosystems and habitats, species and communities and genomes of social, scientific and economic value. The new IUCN Red List criteria have been revised by IUCN to reflect the need for greater objectivity and precision when categorising species for conservation action. The CAMP process, developed by the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, has emerged as an effective, flexible, participatory and scientific methodology for conducting species prioritisation exercises using the IUCN criteria. Since 1995, the Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions has been con- ducting CAMP Workshops for one of the major groups of conservation concern, medici- nal plants.
    [Show full text]
  • The Potential Risk of Tree Regeneration Failure in Species-Rich Taba Penanjung Lowland Rainforest, Bengkulu, Indonesia
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 19, Number 5, September 2018 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 1891-1901 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190541 The potential risk of tree regeneration failure in species-rich Taba Penanjung lowland rainforest, Bengkulu, Indonesia AGUS SUSATYA Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Bengkulu. Jl. WR Supratman, Kota Bengkulu 38371A, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Tel./fax. +62- 736-21170, email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 28 May 2018. Revision accepted: 22 September 2018. Abstract. Susatya A. 2018. The potential risk of tree regeneration failure in species-rich Taba Penanjung lowland rainforest, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1891-1901. Tropical lowland rain forest is recognized by its high species richness with very few trees per species. It is also known for having tendency to outcrossing of its species with different floral sexualities, which requires the synchronization between flowering of its trees and the presence of pollinators. Such ecological attributes raise possible constraints for the forest trees to regenerate. The objective of the study was to assess the potential risk of failed regeneration for each tree species of the forest. Each of species with dbh of more than 5 cm in a one-ha plot was collected, identified, and its ecological criteria, including rarity, floral sexuality, seed size, and flowering phenology were determined. The potential risk of the failure of regeneration was calculated by summing all scores from Analytical Hierarchical Process of the criteria. The results indicated that the forest consisted of 118 species belonging to 69 genera and 37 families. Rare species accounted to 52.10% of the total species.
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional Nutritional Attributes of Native Flora of the Southwest Coast of India
    International Journal of Agricultural Technology 2016 Vol. 12(4):777-796 Available online http://www.ijat-aatsea.com ISSN 2630-0192 (Online) Traditional Nutritional Attributes of Native Flora of the Southwest Coast of India 1* 2 Pavithra, M., Sridhar, K. R. and Keshavachandra, K. 1Department of Biosciences, 2Department of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India. Pavithra, M., Sridhar, K. R. and Keshavachandra, K. (2016). Traditional nutritional attributes of native flora of the southwest coast of India. International Journal of Agricultural Technology 12(4): 777-796. Abstract Coastal regions of Karnataka and Kerala are well known for richness of native or indigenous plant species of ethnic value to meet the nutritional requirements. Approaches of nutritional use of native plant resources differ between geographic as well as ethnic groups. Based on folk knowledge, the present study deals with 19 plant species (in 17 genera and 16 families) used mainly for nutritional purpose. Various parts of plants used, seasonal availability and preparation of traditional dishes with brief account of medicinal value are discussed. Modern lifestyle seems to overlook indigenous knowledge and strength of native plant species in human nutrition. In depth scientific investigations will decipher nutritional versatility, unique formulations, value additions and industrial potential of indigenous plant species. Keywords: Ethnic knowledge, ethnic nutrition, ethanobotany, ethnomedicine, indigenous plants, native plants, wild plants Introduction As several ethnic communities are in constant contact with wild plant species occurring in their vicinity, a complex relationship has been established to utilize such plant species to fulfil specific nutritional or medicinal requirements (Soejarto et al., 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity of Balanophora Fungosa and Its Conservation in Taiwan
    Botanical Studies (2010) 51: 217-222. GENETIC DIVERSITY Genetic diversity of Balanophora fungosa and its conservation in Taiwan Shu-ChuanHSIAO*,Wei-TingHUANG,andMaw-SunLIN Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan (ReceivedOctober11,2007;AcceptedFebruary26,2010) ABSTRACT. Balanophora fungosa is a rare holoparasitic flowering plant in Taiwan, where it is restricted totheHengchunPeninsulainsouthernmostTaiwan,andOrchidIsland(LanyuinChinese),asmallvolcanic islandoffthesoutheasterncoastofTaiwan.Plantsfromthesetwoareasappearintwodifferentgroups basedonthecoloroftheinflorescence,i.e.,thoseofHengchunareyellow,buttheyarepinkishorangeto redonOrchidI.Thisstudyusedaninter-simplesequencerepeat(ISSR)molecularmarkerapproachandthe unweightedpairgroupmethodwitharithmeticmean(UPGMA)analysistoevaluategeneticvariationsamong populationsof B. fungosa.Theresultsshowedthatthetwogeographicalgroupsrepresentthesamespecies as indicated by a high Dice similarity value of 0.78. Populations from the two areas formed two well-defined clusters,asdidpopulationswithineacharea.Theresultsoftheanalysisofmolecularvariance(AMOVA) showedthatthecomponentsofvariationbetweengroups(31.35%),amongpopulationswithingroups (13.74%),andwithinpopulations(54.91%)weresignificant(p<0.001),indicatingthatvariationsamong individualswithinpopulationscontributedmosttothetotalgeneticvariance.Thepopulationsofthetwoareas werealsodifferentiatedwithgeneticdistancesrangingfrom0.44~0.53forpairedcomparisons.Therefore, werecommendthatprotectedareasbesetasideinbothareasfor
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Composition and Diversity of a Coastal Hill Forest in Perak, Malaysia
    www.ccsenet.org/jas Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 3, No. 3; September 2011 Vascular Plant Composition and Diversity of a Coastal Hill Forest in Perak, Malaysia S. Ghollasimood (Corresponding author), I. Faridah Hanum, M. Nazre, Abd Kudus Kamziah & A.G. Awang Noor Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 98-915-756-2704 E-mail: [email protected] Received: September 7, 2010 Accepted: September 20, 2010 doi:10.5539/jas.v3n3p111 Abstract Vascular plant species and diversity of a coastal hill forest in Sungai Pinang Permanent Forest Reserve in Pulau Pangkor at Perak were studied based on the data from five one hectare plots. All vascular plants were enumerated and identified. Importance value index (IVI) was computed to characterize the floristic composition. To capture different aspects of species diversity, we considered five different indices. The mean stem density was 7585 stems per ha. In total 36797 vascular plants representing 348 species belong to 227 genera in 89 families were identified within 5-ha of a coastal hill forest that is comprises 4.2% species, 10.7% genera and 34.7% families of the total taxa found in Peninsular Malaysia. Based on IVI, Agrostistachys longifolia (IVI 1245), Eugeissona tristis (IVI 890), Calophyllum wallichianum (IVI 807), followed by Taenitis blechnoides (IVI 784) were the most dominant species. The most speciose rich families were Rubiaceae having 27 species, followed by Dipterocarpaceae (21 species), Euphorbiaceae (20 species) and Palmae (14 species). According to growth forms, 57% of all species were trees, 13% shrubs, 10% herbs, 9% lianas, 4% palms, 3.5% climbers and 3% ferns.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Regeneration Via Direct and Indirect Adventitious Shoot Formation and Chromosome-Doubled Somaclonal Variation in Titanotrichum Oldhamii (Hemsl.) Solereder
    Plant Biotechnol Rep (2011) 5:187–195 DOI 10.1007/s11816-011-0172-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Plant regeneration via direct and indirect adventitious shoot formation and chromosome-doubled somaclonal variation in Titanotrichum oldhamii (Hemsl.) Solereder Hiroki Takagi • Shintaro Sugawara • Tomoka Saito • Haruka Tasaki • Lu Yuanxue • Guan Kaiyun • Dong-Sheng Han • Toshinari Godo • Masaru Nakano Received: 17 January 2011 / Accepted: 25 February 2011 / Published online: 15 March 2011 Ó Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology and Springer 2011 Abstract The gesneriaceous perennial plant Titanotri- greenhouse. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that no chum oldhamii has beautiful foliage and attractive bright variation in the ploidy level was observed in plants yellow flowers. However, breeding of T. oldhamii by regenerated via direct shoot formation, whereas chromo- conventional sexual hybridization may be difficult because some doubling occurred in several plants regenerated via sexual reproduction of this species is very rare. In the indirect shoot formation. Regenerated plants with the same present study, plant regeneration systems via both direct ploidy level as the mother plants showed almost the same and indirect formation of adventitious shoots from leaf phenotype as the mother plants, whereas chromosome- explants were established as the first step toward breeding doubled plants showed apparent morphological alterations: T. oldhamii by using biotechnological techniques. Adven- they had small and crispate flowers, and round and deep titious shoots were formed efficiently on medium con- green leaves. taining 0.1 mg l-1 benzyladenine. Histological observation showed that shoot formation on this medium occurred Keywords Flow cytometry Á Gesneriaceous plant Á directly from leaf epidermal cells without callus formation.
    [Show full text]