HARLAXTON MEDIEVAL STUDIES 1. ORMROD, W. M. (ed.), in the Thirteenth Century , Proceedings of the 1989 HARLAXTON MEDIEVAL STUDIES, XXVI Symposium (1991). 2. HICKS, Carola (ed.), England in the Eleventh Century , Proceedings of the 1990 Sympo - sium (1992). 3. ROGERS, Nicholas (ed.), England in the Fourteenth Century , Proceedings of the 1991 THE PLANTAGENET Symposium (1993). 4. ROGERS, Nicholas (ed.), England in the Fifteenth Century , Proceedings of the 1992 Symposium (1994). EMPIRE, 1259 –1453 5. THOMPSON, Benjamin (ed.), The Reign of Henry VII , Proceedings of the 1993 Sym - posium (1995). Proceedings of the 6. THOMPSON, Benjamin (ed.), Monasteries and Society in Medieval Britain , Proceedings of the 1994 Symposium (1999). 2014 Harlaxton Symposium 7. STRICKLAND, Matthew (ed.), Armies, Chivalry and Warfare in Medieval Britain and France , Proceedings of the 1995 Symposium (1998). Edited by 8. MITCHELL, John (ed., with Matthew Moran), England and the Continent in the Mid - dle Ages. Studies in Memory of Andrew Martindale , ... the 1996 Symposium (2000). Peter Crooks 9. EALES, Richard and TYAS, Shaun (eds), Family and Dynasty in Late Medieval England , Proceedings of the 1997 Symposium (2003). David Green 10. BACKHOUSE, Janet (ed.), The Medieval English Cathedral. Papers in Honour of Pamela and Tudor-Craig , Proceedings of the 1998 Symposium (2003). 11. BARRON, Caroline M. and STRATFORD, Jenny (eds), The Church and Learning in W. Mark Ormrod Later Medieval Society. Essays in Honour of R. B. Dobson ... 1999 Symposium (2002). 12. MORGAN, Nigel (ed.), Prophecy, Apocalypse and the Day of Doom, Proceedings of the 2000 Symposium (2004). 13. STRATFORD, Jenny (ed.), The Lancastrian Court , Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium (2003). 14. BURGESS, Clive and DUFFY, Eamon (eds), The Parish in Late Medieval England , Pro - ceedings of the 2002 Symposium (2006). 15. HORDEN, Peregrine (ed.), Freedom of Movement in the Middle Ages , Proceedings of the 2003 Symposium (2007). 16. DAVIES, Matthew and PRESCOTT, Andrew (eds), London and the Kingdom. Essays in Honour of Caroline M. Barron , Proceedings of the 2004 Symposium (2008). 17. BOFFEY, Julia and DAVIS, Virginia (eds), Recording Medieval Lives , Proceedings of the 2005 Symposium (2009). 18. CHERRY, John and PAYNE, Ann (eds), Signs and Symbols , Proceedings of the 2006 Symposium (2009). 19. ROGERS, Nicholas (ed.), The Friars in Medieval Britain , Proceedings of the 2007 Sym - posium (2010). 20. BARRON, Caroline M. and BURGESS, Clive (eds), Memory and Commemoration in Medieval England , Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium (2010). 21. ANDREWS, Frances (ed.), Ritual and Space in the Middle Ages , Proceedings of the 2009 Symposium (2011). SHAUN TYAS 22. BINSKI, Paul and NEW, Elizabeth (eds), Patrons and Professionals , Proceedings of the DONINGTON 2010 Symposium (2012). 23. KLEINEKE, Hannes and STEER, Christian (eds), The Yorkist Age , Proceedings of the 2016 2011 Symposium (2013). . 24. BARRON, Caroline M. and SUTTON, Anne F. (eds), The Medieval Merchant , Proceed - ings of the 2012 Symposium (2014). 25. CARRUTHERS, Mary (ed.), Language in Medieval Britain. Networks and Exchanges , Proceedings of the 2013 Symposium (2015). © The Contributors Published in 2016 by SHAUN TYAS CONTENTS (an imprint of ‘Paul Watkins’) 1 High Street List of Contributors vii Donington List of Illustrations viii Lincolnshire Abbreviations xiv PE11 4TA Preface xvi

ISBN Peter Crooks, David Green and W. Mark Ormrod The Plantagenets and 978 –1–907730 –52 –8 Empire in the Later Middle Ages 1

PART I. EMPIRE, DYNASTY AND IDENTITY Jean-Philippe Genet Empire and the English Identity: Reflections on Typeset and designed from the texts of the authors and editors the King of England’s Dominium 35 by Shaun Tyas Len Scales The Empire in Translation: English Perspectives on Imperium and Emperors, 1220–1440 49 Julian Luxford Drawing Ethnicity and Authority in the Plantagenet Exchequer 72 Kim Woods Plantagenets in Alabaster 89 Andrea Ruddick The English ‘Nation’ and the Plantagenet ‘Empire’ at the Council of Constance 109 Jaclyn Rajsic ‘Cestuy roy dit que la couronne de Ffraunce luy appartenoit’: Reshaping the Prose Brut Chronicle in Fifteenth-Century France 128

PART II. REGIONAL RESPONSES TO EMPIRE Seán Duffy Irish and Welsh Responses to the Plantagenet Empire in the Reign of Edward I 150 Helen Fulton Poetry and Nationalism in the Reign of Edward I: and Ireland 169 Gwilym Dodd Petitions from the King’s Dominions: Wales, Ireland and Gascony, c.1290–1350 187 Rachel Moss Substantiating Sovereignties: Regal Insignias in Ireland, c. 1370–1410 216 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Brendan Smith Dressing the Part in the Plantagenet Empire: Henry Ling Ltd., The Dorset Press, Dorchester The Death of Roger Mortimer, Earl of March and Ulster, in 1398 232

v Jackson W. Armstrong Centre, Periphery, Locality, Province: England and its Far North in the Fifteenth Century 248

PART III. NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Serge Lusignan Communication in the Later Plantagenet Empire: Latin and Anglo-Norman as Regal Languages 273 Jackson W. Armstrong University of Aberdeen Joel Rosenthal Edward III’s Bishops as his Diplomats 290 Michael Bennett University of Tasmania David Ditchburn Anglo-Scottish Relations in the Later Middle Ages: The Other Side of the Coin 310 Michael Brown University of St Andrews Michael Bennett The Plantagenet Empire as ‘Enterprise Zone’: Peter Crooks Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin War and Business Networks, c.1400–50 335 Anne Curry University of Southampton Anne Curry The Baillis of Lancastrian Normandy: English David Ditchburn Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin Men Wearing French Hats 359 Gwilym Dodd University of Nottingham Peter Fleming Bristol and the End of Empire: The Consequences Seán Duffy Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin of the Fall of Gascony 371 Peter Fleming University of the West of England Helen Fulton University of Bristol PART IV. THE EMPIRE IN RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT Michael Brown The Plantagenet Empire and the Insular World: Jean-Philippe Genet University of Paris Retrospect and Prospect 384 David Green Harlaxton College John Watts The Plantagenet Empire and the Continent: Serge Lusignan University of Montreal Retrospect and Prospect 403 Julian Luxford University of St Andrews Rachel Moss Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin Index 421 W. Mark Ormrod University of Jaclyn Rajsic Queen Mary University of London Joel Rosenthal State University of New York, Stony Brook Andrea Ruddick Exeter College, Len Scales University of Durham Brendan Smith University of Bristol John Watts Corpus Christi College, University of Oxford Kim Woods Open University

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