DOCSLIB.ORG

SIDING SPRING OBSERVATORY Heritage Management Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SIDING SPRING OBSERVATORY Heritage Management Plan SIDING SPRING OBSERVATORY Heritage Management Plan Final June 2015 Prepared for Australian National University Context Pty Ltd 2015 Project Team: Geoff Ashley, Director Ian Travers, Associate Dr Georgia Melville, Heritage Consultant Jessie Briggs, Heritage Consultant Catherine McLay, Intern Report Register This report register documents the development and issue of the report entitled Siding Spring Observatory: Heritage Management Plan undertaken by Context Pty Ltd in accordance with our internal quality management system. Project Issue Notes/description Issue Date Issued to No. No. 1827 1 Draft HMP 1/12/14 Amy Jarvis, ANU Heritage Officer 1827 2 Final HMP 17/06/15 Amy Jarvis, ANU Heritage Officer Context Pty Ltd 22 Merri Street, Brunswick 3056 Phone 03 9380 6933 Facsimile 03 9380 4066 Email [email protected] Web www.contextpl.com.au ii CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VIII FIGURE INDEX X 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Project Background 1 1.2 Study Area 1 1.3 Broad Project Methodology 2 1.3.1 Stakeholder Consultation 2 1.3.2 Site Investigation and Recording 2 1.3.3 Alignment with Site Masterplanning 2 1.3.4 GIS Based Inventory 3 1.4 Structure of the Report 3 1.5 Acknowledgments 4 2 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW 5 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Thematic Context 5 2.2.1 The Warrumbungles Region 5 2.2.2 Aboriginal Astronomy 7 2.2.3 Astronomy on an International Scale 8 2.2.4 Astronomy in Australia 9 2.3 Site History 14 2.3.1 First People of the Land 14 2.3.2 European Settlement 15 2.3.3 Commonwealth Solar Observatory at Mount Stromlo 19 2.3.4 The Australian National University and Mount Stromlo Observatory 20 2.3.5 The Siding Spring Observatory Field Station 21 2.3.6 Land Acquisition 22 2.3.7 Construction Begins at the Siding Spring Observatory 25 2.3.8 Late 1960s and 1970s 27 2.3.9 Australian Astronomical Observatory 28 2.3.10 Controlling Development and Light Pollution 30 2.3.11 1980s and 1990s 30 2.3.12 2000s, the Era of Robotic Networks 32 2.3.13 Fire at the Siding Spring Observatory 35 2.3.14 The Siding Spring Observatory Today 35 2.4 Associated people 35 2.4.1 Bart Bok, Director 1956-1966 35 2.4.3 S.C.B ‘Ben’ Gascoigne, Director 1966 36 2.4.3 O.J. Eggen, Director 1966-1977 37 2.4.4 Chronology of Directors 37 3 DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE PLACE 51 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Landscape Setting 51 3.2.1 The Broader Setting 51 3.2.2 The Setting of the Site 51 3.3 Site Areas 55 3.3.1 Visitor Arrival Area 55 iii 3.3.2 AAT/Administration Area 56 3.3.3 Eastern Telescopes Area 57 3.3.4 Residential Area 58 3.3.5 Lodges Area 59 3.3.6 Uppsala Area 60 3.3.7 Western Telescope Area 61 3.4 Building Forms and Types 63 3.4.1 Telescope Building Forms 63 3.4.2 Site Structures in General 64 3.5 Other Landscape Features and Site Elements 66 3.5.1 Landscape Changes within the Site 66 3.5.2 Infrastructure 67 3.5.3 Built Features 67 3.5.4 Memorials and Other Markers 68 3.6 Structural Remnants and Archaeological Potential 69 3.6.1 Pre-Contact and Early History – Before the Observatory 69 3.6.2 Relating to the Observatory 69 3.7 Moveable Heritage 71 3.7.1 Scientific Equipment 71 3.7.2 Other Items 72 4 ANALYSIS 74 4.1 Introduction 74 4.1.1 Consideration of Significance 74 4.1.1 Terminology 74 4.2 Historical Values 74 4.2.1 Prior Phase 74 4.2.1 First Development Phase 75 4.2.2 Second Development Phase 75 4.2.3 Third Development Phase 76 4.2.4 Fourth Development Phase 76 4.2.5 Summary of Development Phasing 76 4.2.6 Relevant Australian Historic Themes 77 4.2.6 Comparative Analysis 78 4.3 Social Values 82 4.3.1 Introduction 82 4.3.2 Approach 82 4.3.3 Techniques 84 4.3.4 Analysis and Findings 84 4.4 Community Aesthetic Values 87 4.4.1 Introduction 87 4.4.2 Approach 88 4.4.3 Techniques 89 4.4.4 Analysis and Findings 89 4.5 Indigenous Values 92 4.5.1 Introduction 92 4.5.2 Approach 93 4.5.3 Techniques 94 4.5.4 Analysis and Findings 94 4.6 Natural Values 97 4.6.1 Introduction 97 iv 4.6.1 Approach 97 4.6.2 Methodology 98 4.6.3 Techniques 98 4.6.4 Analysis and Findings 99 5 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE VALUES 103 5.1 Introduction 103 5.2 Existing Heritage Status 103 5.2.1 Previous Heritage Assessments and Recommendations 103 5.2.2 Previous Applications of Heritage Criteria 104 5.2.3 Previous Assessment of Aboriginal Heritage 105 5.2.4 Other Heritage Designations in the Vicinity of the SSO 106 5.3 Discussion of Heritage Values 106 5.3.1 Assessing Levels of Significance 106 5.4 Application of CHL Criteria 107 5.4.1 Criterion (a) History 107 5.4.2 Criterion (b) Rarity 108 5.4.3 Criterion (c) Research Potential 109 5.4.4 Criterion (d) Representativeness 110 5.4.5 Criterion (e) Community Aesthetics 110 5.4.6 Criterion (f) Creative and Technical Achievement 111 5.4.7 Criterion (g) Social 112 5.4.8 Criterion (h) Associations 112 5.4.9 Criterion (i) Indigenous Tradition 113 5.5 Statement of Significance 113 5.5.1 Statement of Significance for the Siding Spring Observatory 114 5.6 Potential for Inclusion on Heritage Lists 117 5.6.1 Inclusion on the Commonwealth Heritage List 117 5.6.2 Potential for Inclusion on Other Heritage Lists 117 5.7 Attributes of Heritage Values 117 5.8 Relative Significance of SSO Site Elements 119 5.8.1 Elements and their Relative Significance 120 6 DEVELOPMENT OF POLICY - CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 127 6.1 Introduction 127 6.2 Implications Arising from Significance 127 6.3 Heritage Listing 129 6.3.1 Commonwealth Heritage List 129 6.3.2 NSW Heritage Designations 129 6.3.3 Possible Other Listings 130 6.3.4 Commonwealth Heritage Management Principles 131 6.4 Legislative Requirements 131 6.4.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 132 6.4.2 NSW Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 134 6.4.3 Building Code of Australia 134 6.5 Management Organisations and Other Stakeholders 135 6.5.1 ANU Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics 135 6.5.2 ANU Facilities and Services Division 135 6.5.3 Australian Astronomical Observatory 135 6.5.4 Research Organisations 136 6.5.5 Other Stakeholders 137 6.6 Heritage Management Framework 137 v 6.6.1 ANU Heritage Program 137 6.6.2 AAO Heritage Mechanisms 139 6.7 Current Management Context and Requirements 139 6.7.1 Communication and Decision Making 139 6.7.2 Maintenance Activities – Operational Elements 140 6.7.3 Maintenance Activities - Non-Operational Elements 141 6.7.4 Capital Works 142 6.7.5 Visitor Services 142 6.8 Future Use of the Site 143 6.8.1 Astronomy Context for Future Use of the Siding Spring Observatory 143 6.8.2 RSAA Plans for the SSO Site 144 6.8.3 AAO Plans for the SSO Site 144 6.8.4 Visitation 145 6.9 Condition and Integrity 145 6.10 Current and Future Management Issues 149 6.10.1 Site Management Issues 150 6.10.2 Site Use Issues 151 6.10.3 New Works Issues 151 6.10.4 Conservation of Heritage Fabric Issues 152 6.10.5 Setting and Natural Values Issues 152 6.10.6 Community Connection Issues 153 6.10.7 Interpretation Issues 153 6.10.8 Visitation Issues 154 7 MANAGEMENT POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES 156 7.1 Introduction 156 7.1.1 Bodies Subject to the HMP Policy 156 7.2 Summary of Policy and Implementation Strategies 157 7.3 Policies 162 7.3.1 Lead Conservation Policy 162 7.3.2 General Policies 163 7.3.3 Site Management Policies 165 7.3.4 Site Use Policies 169 7.3.5 Conservation of Heritage Fabric Policies 169 7.3.6 Setting and Natural Values Policies 173 7.3.7 New Work Policies 174 7.3.8 Connection to the Community Policies 174 7.3.9 Interpretation Policies 175 7.3.10 Visitation Policies 177 7.4 Implementation Plan 177 7.4.1 Responsibility 177 7.4.2 Commitment to Best Practice 177 7.4.3 Works Program 178 7.4.4 Criteria for Prioritising Work 178 7.4.5 Resolving Conflicting Objectives 178 7.4.6 Annual Review 178 7.4.7 Resources for Implementation 178 7.4.8 SSO Asset Management Plan 178 8 REFERENCES 180 Primary Resources 180 Secondary Resources 180 vi Online Resources 182 PLANS 185 Plan 1 Site Plan 185 Plan 2 Site Elements and Areas 186 Plan 3 Significance of Buildings and Structures 187 APPENDICES 188 Appendix 1 Commonwealth Heritage List Criteria 188 Appendix 2 Online Survey Results 189 Appendix 3 Interview Data 190 Aileen Bell 190 Amanda Wherrett 194 David Baker and Cameron Wylie 198 Frank Freeman 199 John Whitehead 200 Joy Pickett 202 Judy Over 203 Nancy Wiese 203 Narelle Andrews and Merv Sutherland 204 Appendix 4 Existing Materials Review Data 207 Image examples of Aesthetic Value Expression in the Public Domain 207 Text Examples of Aesthetic Value Expression in the Public Domain 211 Appendix 5 Species Recorded at Siding Spring Observatory 213 Appendix 6 EPBC ACT Compliance 214 vii SIDING SPRING OBSERVATORY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Heritage Management Plan (HMP), prepared by Context Pty., is the first comprehensive and integrated assessment of the built, natural and Indigenous heritage values of the Siding Spring Observatory (SSO) against the Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL) criteria.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Library of Australia Conservation Management Plan
    NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN A management plan complying with s.341S(1) of the EPBC Act 1999 Prepared for the National Library of Australia by Dr Michael Pearson Duncan Marshall 2012 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Conservation Management Plan (CMP), which satisfies section 341S and 341V of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), provides the framework and basis for the conservation and good management of the National Library of Australia building, in recognition of its heritage values. The National Library of Australia’s Heritage Strategy, which details the Library’s objectives and strategic approach for the conservation of heritage values, has been prepared and accepted by the then Minister on 24 August 2006. The Heritage Strategy will be reviewed during 2012 in parallel with the endorsement of this plan. The Policies in this plan support the directions of the Heritage Strategy, and indicate the objectives for identification, protection, conservation, presentation and transmission to all generations of the Commonwealth Heritage values of the place. The CMP presents the history of the creation of the National Library of Australia and the construction of its building, describes the elements that have heritage significance, and assesses that significance using the Commonwealth Heritage List criteria. The plan outlines the obligations, opportunities and constraints affecting the management and conservation of the Library. A set of conservation policies are presented, with implementation
    [Show full text]
  • Review Section
    CSIRO PUBLISHING www.publish.csiro.au/journals/hras Historical Records of Australian Science, 2004, 15, 121–138 Review Section Compiled by Libby Robin Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies (CRES), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia. Email: [email protected] Tom Frame and Don Faulkner: Stromlo: loss of what he described as a ‘national an Australian observatory. Allen & Unwin: icon’. Sydney, 2003. xix + 363 pp., illus., ISBN 1 Institutional histories are often suffused 86508 659 2 (PB), $35. with a sense of inevitability. Looking back from the security of a firmly grounded present, the road seems straight and well marked. The journey that is reconstructed is one where the end point is always known, where uncertainties and diversions are forgotten — a journey that lands neatly on the institution’s front doorstep. Institu- tional histories are often burdened, too, by the expectation that they will not merely tell a story, but provide a record of achieve- ment. Written for the institution’s staff, as well as broader public, they can become bogged down in the details of personnel and projects. In this case, the fires of January 2003 add an unexpected final act Few institutional histories could boast such to what is a fairly traditional story of a dramatic conclusion as Stromlo: an Aus- growth and success. The force of nature tralian observatory. The manuscript was intervenes to remind us of the limits of substantially complete when a savage fire- inevitability, to fashion from the end point storm swept through the pine plantations another beginning. flanking Mount Stromlo, destroying all the The book is roughly divided into halves.
    [Show full text]
  • A Walk with Dr Allan Sandage—Changing the History of Galaxy Morphology, Forever
    Lessons from the Local Group Kenneth Freeman • Bruce Elmegreen David Block • Matthew Woolway Editors Lessons from the Local Group A Conference in honour of David Block and Bruce Elmegreen 2123 Editors Kenneth Freeman David Block Australian National University University of the Witwatersrand Canberra Johannesburg Australia South Africa Bruce Elmegreen Matthew Woolway IBM T.J. Watson Research Center University of the Witwatersrand Yorktown Heights, New York Johannesburg United States South Africa Cover Photo: Set within 120 hectares of land with luxuriant and rare vegetation in the Seychelles Archipelago, the Constance Ephelia Hotel was selected as the venue for the Block-Elmegreen Conference held in May 2014. Seen in our cover photograph are one of the restaurants frequented by delegates - the Corossol Restaurant. The restaurant is surrounded by pools of tranquil waters; lamps blaze forth before dinner, and their reflections in the sur- rounding waters are breathtaking. The color blue is everywhere: from the azure blue skies above, to the waters below. Above the Corossol Restaurant is placed a schematic of a spiral galaxy. From macrocosm to microcosm. Never before has an astronomy group of this size met in the Seychelles. The cover montage was especially designed for the Conference, by the IT-Department at the Constance Ephelia Hotel. ISBN 978-3-319-10613-7 ISBN 978-3-319-10614-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-10614-4 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014953222 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr.: General 16 November 2012
    United Nations A/AC.105/C.1/106 General Assembly Distr.: General 16 November 2012 Original: English Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Scientific and Technical Subcommittee Fiftieth session Vienna, 11-22 February 2013 Item 12 of the provisional agenda* Near-Earth objects Information on research in the field of near-Earth objects carried out by Member States, international organizations and other entities Note by the Secretariat I. Introduction 1. In accordance with the multi-year workplan adopted by the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space at its forty-fifth session, in 2008 (A/AC.105/911, annex III, para. 11), and extended by the Subcommittee at its forty-eighth session in 2011 (A/AC.105/987, annex III, para. 9), Member States, international organizations and other entities were invited to submit information on research in the field of near-Earth objects for the consideration of the Working Group on Near-Earth Objects, to be reconvened at the fiftieth session of the Subcommittee. 2. The present document contains information received from Germany and Japan, and the Committee on Space Research, the International Astronomical Union and the Secure World Foundation. __________________ * A/AC.105/C.1/L.328. V.12-57478 (E) 041212 051212 *1257478* A/AC.105/C.1/106 II. Replies received from Member States Germany [Original: English] [29 October 2012] The national activities listed below are based on the strong involvement of the Institute of Planetary Research of the German Aerospace Centre (DLR). DLR uses the Spitzer SpaceTelescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for an infrared survey (“ExploreNEOs”) of the physical properties of 750 near-Earth objects, as part of an international team.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004-2005 Annual Report
    Anglo-Australian Observatory Annual Report of the Anglo-Australian Telescope Board 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005 Anglo-Australian Observatory 167 Vimiera Road Eastwood NSW 2122 Australia Postal Address: PO Box 296 Epping NSW 1710 Australia Telephone: (02) 9372 4800 (international) + 61 2 9372 4800 Facsimile: (02) 9372 4880 (international) + 61 2 9372 4880 e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.aao.gov.au/ Annual Report Website: http://www.aao.gov.au/annual/ Anglo-Australian Telescope Board Address as above Telephone: (02) 9372 4813 (international) + 61 2 9372 4813 e-mail: [email protected] ABN: 71871323905 © Anglo-Australian Telescope Board 2005 ISSN 1443-8550 Cover: Dome of the UK Schmidt Telescope. Photo courtesy Shaun Amy. Combined H-alpha and Red colour mosaic image of the Vela Supernova remnant taken from several AAO/UK Schmidt Telescope H- alpha survey fields. Image produced by Mike Read and Quentin Parker Cover Design: TTR Print Management Computer Typeset: Anglo-Australian Observatory Picture Credits: The editors would like to thank for their photographs and images throughout this publication Shaun Amy, Stuart Bebb (Physics Photo- graphic Unit, Oxford), Jurek Brzeski, Chris Evans, Kristin Fiegert, David James, Urs Klauser, David Malin, Chris McCowage and Andrew McGrath ii AAO Annual Report 2004–2005 The Honourable Dr Brendan Nelson, MP, Minister for Education, Science and Training Government of the Commonwealth of Australia The Right Honourable Alan Johnson, MP, Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland In accordance with Article 8 of the Agreement between the Australian Government and the Government of the United Kingdom to provide for the establishment and operation of an optical telescope at Siding Spring Mountain in the state of New South Wales, I present herewith a report by the Anglo-Australian Telescope Board for the year from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientists' Houses in Canberra 1950–1970
    EXPERIMENTS IN MODERN LIVING SCIENTISTS’ HOUSES IN CANBERRA 1950–1970 EXPERIMENTS IN MODERN LIVING SCIENTISTS’ HOUSES IN CANBERRA 1950–1970 MILTON CAMERON Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Cameron, Milton. Title: Experiments in modern living : scientists’ houses in Canberra, 1950 - 1970 / Milton Cameron. ISBN: 9781921862694 (pbk.) 9781921862700 (ebook) Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index. Subjects: Scientists--Homes and haunts--Australian Capital Territority--Canberra. Architecture, Modern Architecture--Australian Capital Territority--Canberra. Canberra (A.C.T.)--Buildings, structures, etc Dewey Number: 720.99471 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Sarah Evans. Front cover photograph of Fenner House by Ben Wrigley, 2012. Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2012 ANU E Press; revised August 2012 Contents Acknowledgments . vii Illustrations . xi Abbreviations . xv Introduction: Domestic Voyeurism . 1 1. Age of the Masters: Establishing a scientific and intellectual community in Canberra, 1946–1968 . 7 2 . Paradigm Shift: Boyd and the Fenner House . 43 3 . Promoting the New Paradigm: Seidler and the Zwar House . 77 4 . Form Follows Formula: Grounds, Boyd and the Philip House . 101 5 . Where Science Meets Art: Bischoff and the Gascoigne House . 131 6 . The Origins of Form: Grounds, Bischoff and the Frankel House . 161 Afterword: Before and After Science .
    [Show full text]
  • Native Vegetation of North-West Wollemi National Park and Surrounds
    The Native Vegetation of North-west Wollemi National Park and Surrounds Including Nullo Mountain, Coricudgy and Cudgegong Areas Volume 2: Vegetation Community Profiles PO Box A290 Sydney South, NSW 1232 www.environment.nsw.gov.au Office of Environment & Heritage NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service THE NATIVE VEGETATION OF NORTH-WEST WOLLEMI NATIONAL PARK AND SURROUNDS INCLUDING NULLO MOUNTAIN, CORICUDGY AND CUDGEGONG AREAS VOLUME 2: VEGETATION COMMUNITY PROFILES Version 1 April 2012 Published by: For enquiries regarding this report please contact the Office of Environment and Heritage, Department of Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Section, Premier and Cabinet Metropolitan Branch, Office of Environment and 59-61 Goulburn Street, Sydney, NSW 2000 Heritage, Hurstville. PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232 Phone: (02) 9585 6676 Report pollution and environmental incidents Environment Line: 131 555 (NSW only) or This report should be referenced as follows: [email protected] OEH (2012) The Native Vegetation of North-west See also www.environment.nsw.gov.au/pollution Wollemi National Park and Surrounds. Volume 2: Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Vegetation Community Profiles. Version 1. Office of Phone: 131 555 (environment information and Environment and Heritage, Department of Premier publications requests) and Cabinet, Sydney. Phone: 1300 361 967 (national parks, climate change and energy efficiency information and Acknowledgements publications requests) Thankyou to landholders who provided access Fax: (02) 9995 5999 during the field surveys. This includes Gay and Terry TTY: (02) 9211 4723 Summers, Bruce Kerney, Jayne Watson and Jodie Email: [email protected] Nancarrow, Paul Frost and Craig Shaw, Jim and Sue Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au Gunn, Julio and Lorraine, Tony Stamford, Anthony Thompson, David and Heather Alley, Gerry Harvey, ISBN 978 1 74359 066 9 Russell and Lynne Cooper, Ross Wicks, Craig and OEH Publishing No.
    [Show full text]
  • An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact
    An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact John L. Tonry(1) ABSTRACT Earth is bombarded by meteors, occasionally by one large enough to cause a significant explosion and possible loss of life. It is not possible to detect all hazardous asteroids, and the efforts to detect them years before they strike are only advancing slowly. Similarly, ideas for mitigation of the danger from an impact by moving the asteroid are in their infancy. Although the odds of a deadly asteroid strike in the next century are low, the most likely impact is by a relatively small asteroid, and we suggest that the best mitigation strategy in the near term is simply to move people out of the way. With enough warning, a small asteroid impact should not cause loss of life, and even portable property might be preserved. We describe an \early warning" system that could provide a week's notice of most sizeable asteroids or comets on track to hit the Earth. This may be all the mitigation needed or desired for small asteroids, and it can be implemented immediately for relatively low cost. This system, dubbed \Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System" (AT- LAS), comprises two observatories separated by about 100 km that simulta- neously scan the visible sky twice a night. Software automatically registers a comparison with the unchanging sky and identifies everything which has moved or changed. Communications between the observatories lock down the orbits of anything approaching the Earth, within one night if its arrival is less than a week. The sensitivity of the system permits detection of 140 m asteroids (100 Mton impact energy) three weeks before impact, and 50 m asteroids a week be- fore arrival.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Biolink koala conservation review Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 3 2. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 6 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE NSW POPULATION .............................................................. 6 Current distribution ................................................................................................... 6 Size of NSW koala population .................................................................................... 8 4. INFORMING CHANGES TO POPULATION ESTIMATES .......................................... 12 Bionet Records and Published Reports .................................................................... 15 Methods – Bionet records ................................................................................... 15 Methods – available reports ................................................................................ 15 Results .................................................................................................................. 16 The 2019 Fires .......................................................................................................... 22 Methods ............................................................................................................... 22 Results .................................................................................................................. 23 Data Deficient
    [Show full text]
  • Volcanoes of Northwest New South Wales: Exploring Relationships Among Geology, Flora, Fauna and Fires
    2018 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF NSW NATURAL HISTORY FIELD SYMPOSIUM Volcanoes of Northwest New South Wales: Exploring Relationships Among Geology, Flora, Fauna and Fires Coonabarabran 25th - 27th September 2018 Program, Abstracts and Field Guide 2018 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF NSW NATURAL HISTORY FIELD SYMPOSIUM Volcanoes of Northwest New South Wales: ExploringFjældmarks, Relationships Fens andAmong Fires: Geology, A SymposiumFlora, Fauna on Australian and Fires Alpine Evidence of Miocene-age volcanicEcosystems activity in NSW extends from Mt Warning through Mt Kaputar, the Warrumbungle Range and Coolah Tops, to Mt Canobolas near Orange. These resistantAlpine volcanicecosystems areareas among stand Australia’s well most above remarkable, the surrounding covering less than regions 1% of its landand mass act, asand biotic home to islands highly to distinctive flora, fauna and landscapes with a long history and climatically varied since Tertiary uplift. Today, alpine ecosystems confront new pressures associated with human land use, invasions of alien plants, animals and diseases, underlyingaltered bushfire geology regimes, of recreationalthe volcanic activities, topography and anthropogenic and climate the living change. biotaMaintaining is explored Australia’s alpine in the flora, 2018 provideNaturalfauna History restricted,and landscapes Field undereven Symposium such unique, pressures habitats organised requires a for co-operative by flora the and Linneaneffort. fauna. Society The relationship of NSW. Warrumbungle between the This symposium aims to bring together new contributions on alpine environments across multiple disciplines: Nationallandscape Park, andEvolution settingbiota and systematicsfrom for thethese associated events is field also excursion, Biogeographya major theme and was paleo-history largely of the destroyedsymposium. by Recent fire in Januaryresearch 2013, inPlant this withand Park animal floods and ecology thethe otherfollowing volcanic month centres, Climatologyadding presented to and the climate devastation.
    [Show full text]
  • PEL 456 Core Hole
    Review of Environmental Factors Core Hole Drilling in PEL 456 Gunnedah Basin Santos QNT Pty Ltd ABN: 33 083 077 196 Issue date: 14/11/2008 Review of Environmental Factors: Gunnedah Basin Core Hole Drilling: PEL 456 Approvals Prepared by: AGR Asia Pacific Level 1, 165 Melbourne Street South Brisbane QLD 4101 Tel: 07 3239 5800 ………………………………………………… Mob: 0419 614 846 Jane Beck email: [email protected] Environmental Advisor AGR-Asia Pacific Reviewed by: AGR Asia Pacific Level 3, 342 Flinders St Melbourne, Victoria 3000 ...................................... Tel: (613) 8625 8406 Fax: (613) 9620 9938 Phil Harrick, Email: [email protected] HSE Manager Projects, Petroleum & Drilling Services Reviewed by: Santos QNT Pty Ltd Level 14, Santos House, 60 Edward Street, Brisbane, Qld, 4000 Tel: 61 7 3228 6911 Fax: 61 7 3228 6700 Approved By: Date: 14th Nov 2008 Page 2 of 84 3417-HS-H0004 | Revision: 0 Review of Environmental Factors: Gunnedah Basin Core Hole Drilling: PEL 456 Executive Summary Santos QNT Pty Ltd (Santos QNT) has entered into a Farmin Agreement with the holder of PEL 456, Macquarie Energy Pty Ltd, to explore for petroleum (in accordance with the Petroleum (Onshore) Act 1991). Santos QNT has been appointed and is the authorised Operator under the Farmin Agreement. Condition 1.0 of the PEL 456 licence states that prior to carrying out any drilling activities a Review of Environmental Factors (REF) is required to be submitted to the Department of Primary Industries-Mineral Resources (DPI-MR) to enable a determination to be made under Part 5 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Melbourne Telescope a Result of a Bushfire in 2003
    BHATHAL: GREAT MELBOURNE TELESCOPE BHATHAL: GREAT MELBOURNE TELESCOPE he Great Melbourne Telescope (figure 1) has probably had the most eventful his- Ttory of any in the world, from its incep- tion in London in the 1850s to its final demise as The Great Melbourne Telescope a result of a bushfire in 2003. It was conceived as a powerful instrument for studying the south- ern hemisphere, but problems in manufacture Ragbir Bhathal traces the 1: The Great Melbourne Telescope, circa 1880. and operation led to many years of wrangling chequered history of the The astronomer is probably Joseph Turner, across the continents, after which it was over- GMT observer from 1873–83. (Museum Victoria) taken by new technology. Yet after it moved to Great Melbourne Telescope Mount Stromlo near Canberra in the 1940s, in Australia, from initial the venerable instrument was rejuvenated and disappointment to recent played a key part in 20th-century astronomy, in research success. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article-abstract/55/3/3.16/239058 by guest on 26 November 2019 the search for MACHOs. It all began with an ambitious idea among the elite of UK science and astronomy, of designing and publicity. However, the telescope failed to and building a large southern telescope to be live up to expectations (Hyde 1987). The prob- located at the Cape of Good Hope, to observe lems were plentiful: the mirror had a mealy and make drawings of the southern nebulae appearance because the wrong solvent had been so that they could be compared with Sir John used to remove the shellac from its surface, and Herschel’s 1830s sketches and look for differ- the eye-stops for the telescope eyepieces had ences.
    [Show full text]