DOCSLIB.ORG

Valuing Water

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Valuing Water United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization The United Nations World Water Development Report 2021 VALUING WATER United Nations World Water Educational, Scientific and Assessment Cultural Organization Programme The United Nations World Water Development Report 2021 VALUING WATER Published in 2021 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2021 This report is published by UNESCO on behalf of UN-Water. The list of UN-Water Members and Partners can be found on the following website: www.unwater.org. ISBN 978-92-3-100434-6 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use- ccbysa-en). The present license applies exclusively to the text content of the publication. For the use of any material not clearly identified as belonging to UNESCO, prior permission shall be requested from the copyright owner. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Similarly, boundaries and names shown and the designation used on the maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The contents were contributed by the UN-Water Members and Partners, and others on the title pages of the chapters therein. UNESCO and the UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) are not responsible for errors in the content provided or for discrepancies in data and content between contributed chapters. WWAP provided the opportunity for individuals to be listed as authors and contributors or to be acknowledged in this publication. WWAP is not responsible for any omissions in this regard. Section 8.2 by Rémy Kinna, Sonja Koeppel, Diane Guerrier and Chantal Demilecamps © 2020 United Nations. Contributions to Chapter 9 by Rémy Kinna © 2020 United Nations. Chapter 10 by John Russ © International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. Suggested citation: United Nations, The United Nations World Water Development Report 2021: Valuing Water. UNESCO, Paris. Cover artwork by Davide Bonazzi. Printed by UNESCO, Paris. Printed in France. This publication is printed on 100% recycled, chlorine-free paper. Foreword by Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO ....................................... vi Foreword by Gilbert F. Houngbo, Chair of UN-Water and President of IFAD .............. vii Preface .......................................................................................................................... viii WWDR 2021 Team ........................................................................................................ x Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... xi Executive summary ...................................................................................................... 1 Prologue The state of water resources .............................................................. 11 Water demand and use ...........................................................................................................12 Water availability .....................................................................................................................13 Water quality ...........................................................................................................................13 Extreme events ........................................................................................................................15 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) ..................................................................................15 Water-related ecosystem services .........................................................................................16 Chapter 1 Valuing water: Perspectives, challenges and opportunities ............... 17 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................18 1.2 Why value water? ..............................................................................................................19 1.3 The values of water to society .........................................................................................21 1.4 Methods for calculating the values of water ..................................................................25 1.5 Accounting for subsidies and other incentives in valuations ........................................25 1.6 Reconciling different values and perspectives ...............................................................25 1.7 Principles for valuing water for sustainable development ............................................27 1.8 The approach of the World Water Development Report .................................................28 Chapter 2 Economic valuation of the source ..................................................... 29 2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................30 2.2 The environmental dimensions of the resource – A key consideration .......................30 2.3 Valuing the environment ..................................................................................................31 2.4 Methods used to calculate values ...................................................................................33 2.5 Approaches that support valuing the environment–water relationship .......................38 2.6 Alternative sources: Water reuse, desalination and supply augmentation ...................40 2.7 Constraints and challenges .............................................................................................42 Chapter 3 Valuation of hydraulic infrastructure ................................................. 43 3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................44 3.2 Values of global benefits of water infrastructure ...........................................................45 3.3 Methods and approaches to the valuation of hydraulic infrastructure .........................45 3.4 Valuing risk and resilience ...............................................................................................51 3.5 Ways forward ....................................................................................................................54 Contents i Chapter 4 Valuing water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in human settlements ........................................................................... 55 4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................56 4.2 The value of WASH services ............................................................................................56 4.3 Values and supplemental benefits of access to WASH services ..................................58 4.4 Accessing WASH: Subsidies and affordability ...............................................................64 Chapter 5 Food and agriculture ......................................................................... 67 5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................68 5.2 The multiple benefits of water for food production .......................................................68 5.3 Impacts and costs of inefficient use of water for food production ..............................71 5.4 Scalable solutions for valuing water for food production ..............................................72 Chapter 6 Energy, industry and business ........................................................... 79 6.1 Context ..............................................................................................................................80 6.2 Water use ..........................................................................................................................80 6.3 The case for water valuation in the EIB sector ...............................................................81 6.4 Approaches to water valuation ........................................................................................82 6.5 The monetization of water ...............................................................................................85 6.6 Accounting for the environment ......................................................................................91 6.7 Stakeholders, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and stewardship .........................92 6.8 Future value for EIB – Succeeding and surviving ...........................................................93 Chapter 7 Culture and the values of water ......................................................... 97 7.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................98
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Workplan 2018
    Workplan 2018 Background The World Water Day campaign aims to inform and engage people worldwide to support and take action on water-related issues in various contexts. The theme for 2018 is ‘Nature for Water’ and will show the potential of nature-based solutions for water and how they can be considered for water management policy and practice. The campaign is timely thanks to public discourse around sustainability and shared concern and conviction about balancing the three dimensions of sustainable development. In addition to its goals of establishing water and sanitation as current and future priority issues, UN- Water has set the following operative goals for its campaigns: Inspire actions around the world to maximize awareness; Federate UN-Water Members and Partners’ actions and thereby strengthen the voice of the UN system on sanitation; and, Increase the depth of knowledge on water-related challenges and links. 2018 objectives 1. Inform and inspire people to take action and share their personal connection to water and nature. Target Audience: Public at large with a special focus on concerned millennials; the ‘worried middle’ (i.e those who are neither advocates nor disengaged). 2. Increase policy makers’ understanding of the applicability of nature-based solutions and galvanize actions toward their increased uptake. Target Audience: Policy and technical advisors, national and local authorities. 3. Encourage further research on nature-based solutions among academia and the business sector Target audience: Researchers, donor community, business sector Workplan 1. Inform and inspire people to take action and share their personal connection to water and nature. Through a personal action-oriented digital campaign, UN-Water will provide information and engagement material available online.
    [Show full text]
  • World Water Day 2021 Campaign Guide
    World Water Day 2021 campaign guide The build-up to World Water Day 2021 has begun! This year, we are starting with a digital campaign to hear what people around the world are saying about water. We need your help to spark conversations among your networks. Thank you for playing your part. What is World Water Day? World Water Day, held on 22 March every year since 1993, is an annual United Nations Observance focusing on the importance of freshwater. What is the aim of World Water Day? World Water Day celebrates water and raises awareness of the 2.2 billion people living without access to safe water. It is about taking action to tackle the global water crisis and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6: water and sanitation for all by 2030. Who organizes World Water Day? Every year, UN-Water — the UN’s coordination mechanism on water and sanitation — sets the theme for World Water Day. What is World Water Day 2021 all about? The theme of World Water Day 2021 is valuing water. Beyond the issues of pricing, this topic includes the environmental, social and cultural value people place on water. For instance, in daily life, water can mean health, hygiene, dignity and productivity. In cultural, religious and spiritual places, water can mean a connection with creation or community. And in natural spaces, water can mean peace and preservation. Water means different things to different people in different settings. What is the purpose of the digital campaign? Taking place on social media, from now until the end of December, the digital campaign aims to generate conversations – to gather as many opinions and comments from people around the world about water and what it means to them.
    [Show full text]
  • E/2021/NGO/XX Economic and Social Council
    United Nations E/2021/NGO/XX Economic and Social Distr.: General July 2021 Council Original: English and French 2021 session 13 July 2021 – 16 July 2021 Agenda item 5 ECOSOC High-level Segment Statement submitted by organizations in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council * The Secretary-General has received the following statements, which are being circulated in accordance with paragraphs 30 and 31 of Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31. Table of Contents1 1. Abshar Atefeha Charity Institute, Chant du Guépard dans le Désert, Charitable Institute for Protecting Social Victims, The, Disability Association of Tavana, Ertegha Keyfiat Zendegi Iranian Charitable Institute, Iranian Thalassemia Society, Family Health Association of Iran, Iran Autism Association, Jameh Ehyagaran Teb Sonnati Va Salamat Iranian, Maryam Ghasemi Educational Charity Institute, Network of Women's Non-governmental Organizations in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Organization for Defending Victims of Violence,Peivande Gole Narges Organization, Rahbord Peimayesh Research & Educational Services Cooperative, Society for Protection of Street & Working Children, Society of Iranian Women Advocating Sustainable Development of Environment, The Association of Citizens Civil Rights Protection "Manshour-e Parseh" 2. ACT Alliance-Action by Churches Together, Anglican Consultative Council, Commission of the Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches, Lutheran World Federation, Presbyterian Church (USA), United Methodist Church - General Board of Church and Society 3. Adolescent Health and Information Projects, European Health Psychology Society, Institute for Multicultural Counseling and Education Services, Inc., International Committee For Peace And Reconciliation, International Council of Psychologists, International Federation of Business * The present statements are issued without formal editing.
    [Show full text]
  • The Recovery Paradox in Latin America and the Caribbean Growth Amid Persisting Structural Problems: Inequality, Poverty and Low Investment and Productivity
    No. 11 Special Report COVID-19 8 July 2021 The recovery paradox in Latin America and the Caribbean Growth amid persisting structural problems: inequality, poverty and low investment and productivity I. The economic rebound does not ensure sustained growth1 A. Structural gaps have exacerbated the adverse effects Contents of the pandemic I. The economic rebound does not ensure 1. The worst economic contraction in over a century sustained growth ........................................ 1 As of 28 June 2021, more than 1.26 million people had died from II. Social impacts worsen and will persist coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Latin American and Caribbean into the economic recovery ..................... 19 countries, in what is the most severe health crisis in the region’s III. Environmental deterioration continues recent history. This figure represents 32% of all deaths worldwide and environmental policies suffer —almost four times that of the region’s global population share a setback ................................................... 26 of 8.4%. Unequal access to vaccines and health services (between countries and among social groups), compounded by the emergence IV. Strategy and policy proposals ................. 29 of new virus variants, heighten the uncertainty surrounding the future Bibliography ................................................... 38 course of the pandemic and the subsequent opening and recovery of the countries’ economies. Although unprecedented scientific and technological results have been achieved with the development of a range of vaccines, vaccination rates vary sharply between countries, and vaccine procurement is highly concentrated in the more developed ones. As of 4 July, 46.3% of the population of the United States and Canada had been fully vaccinated, compared with 34.9% in the European Union countries, 13.6% in Latin America and the Caribbean and 11.3% worldwide (Our World in Data).
    [Show full text]
  • WORLD WATER DAY 2021 TOOLKIT A AE
    1 WORLD WATER DAY 2021 TOOLKIT a ae Here we explain World Water Day and outline the to tackle the global water crisis. A core focus of theme of valuing water. Please share and adapt this World Water Day is to support the achievement of content when talking about the campaign. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6: water and sanitation for all by 2030. What is the theme of World Water Day 2021? THE BASICS UN-Water sets the annual theme. In 2021, the theme is valuing water. In 2022, it will be groundwater. When is World Water Day? Previous themes can be found here: World Water Day is 22 March. The first one was in 1993. www.worldwaterday.org/archives What is World Water Day? What happens on World Water Day? World Water Day is an annual United Nations In the lead-up to 22 March, people and organizations Observance focusing on the importance of host World Water Day events and participate in the freshwater, coordinated by UN-Water and led by one global public campaign, launched in the preceding or more UN-Water Members and Partners with a months by UN-Water on www.worldwaterday.org related mandate. and social media. What is the aim of World Water Day? On the day itself, the UN World Water Development Report is released, focusing on the same topic as World Water Day celebrates water and raises the campaign and recommending policy direction to awareness of the 2.2 billion people living without decision makers. access to safe water. It is about taking action 2 THE CAMPAIGN Under the theme of valuing water, the 2021 campaign is generating a global, public conversation on social media about how people value water for all its uses.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Criminal Justice Issues
    U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice CriticalCritical CriminalCriminal JusticeJustice IssuesIssues TaskTask ForceForce ReportsReports FromFrom thethe AmericanAmerican SocietySociety ofof CriminologyCriminology toto AttorneyAttorney GeneralGeneral JanetJanet RenoReno FOREWORD There is a discernible urgency to the crime issue. Crime and the fear of crime rank as the most important issues in public opinion polls. Some communities resemble war zones where gunshots ring out every night. Other cities struggle to create islands of civility amid threats to public order posed by low-level criminal behavior that eludes traditional measures. Appropriately, public policymakers and administrators in the criminal justice system are responding to the issue of crime in all its complexity. Every aspect of the infrastructure of our traditional criminal justice policy is undergo- ing fundamental rethinking. Our approaches to policing, adjudication, sentencing, imprisonment, and community corrections are changing in significant ways. Indeed, communities that are suffering from crime are changing their interactions with the agencies of the criminal justice system as the concepts of community policing, community prosecution, and community justice take on real meaning in cities and towns around the country. This combination—a sense of urgency on the part of the public and a rapidly changing policy response—creates a compelling need for policy-relevant research. When Attorney General Janet Reno addressed the American Society of Criminology at its annual meeting in November 1994, she challenged Society members to translate their re- search findings into recommendations that would benefit the practitioners and policymakers who confront the issues of crime and justice. The reports presented in these pages are the response to that challenge.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations at the 2009 Stockholm World Water Week
    The United Nations at the 2009 Stockholm World Water Week This document provides an overview of seminars, workshops and side-events at the 2009 Stockholm World Water Week in which UN-Water members are involved in. Sunday, August 16 Morning Seminar Unite for Children – WASH in Schools Convenors: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC) and Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing (PPPHW) TIME: 09:00 - 12:30 ; ROOM: K16/17 For Wise-use of Land and Water Resources: Balancing Competing Claims for Water, Food, Energy and Ecosystems Convenors: Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (Min. LNV), Alterra-Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Ramsar Convention Secretariat (Ramsar), Swiss Government, Wetlands International (WI) and World Water Council (WWC) TIME: 09:00 - 12:30; ROOM: K11 Lunch Side Event Science in Global Environment Facility International Waters: A Vast and Powerful Resource Convenors: United Nations University – International Network on Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) TIME: 12:45 - 13:45; ROOM: K22 Afternoon Seminar Dialogue on Transboundary Waters – Structured Approaches to Realise Benefits for All Convenors: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa (CSIR) Co-convenors: Phillips Robinson and Associates (PRA), Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) and United
    [Show full text]
  • A 10-Year Story: the Water for Life Decade 2005
    A 10 YEAR STORY THE WATER FOR LIFE DECADE 2005-2015 AND BEYOND FOREWORD Josefina Maestu 2 INTRODUCTION 6 DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION, WOMEN´S PARTICIPATION AND LOCAL COOPERATION 10 INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND TRANSBOUNDARY WATER COOPERATION 28 THE ROLE OF GLOBAL PROCESSES AND ACTORS 44 THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE WATER FOR LIFE 2005-2015 DECADE Looking to the end of the Decade and beyond 64 EPILOGUE: A NEW DECADE FOR ACTION ON WATER AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 84 A 10 YEAR STORY – THE WATER FOR LIFE DECADE 2005-2015 AND BEYOND - 2015 t Editing and texts-+PTFöOB .BFTUV 6OUVSCF t Production Manager3BNJSP "VSÓO -PQFSB t Editorial Production-.BSUB -ØQF[ 3BVSFMM t Illustrations and Cover- )JSPTIJ,JUBNVSBtLayout and Graphic Production-*OUFSDPN4USBUFHZT4-tPrinting and Binding-(SËöDBT0SUFMMT4-tPublisher-6OJUFE/BUJPOT0óDFUPTVQQPSUUIF *OUFSOBUJPOBM%FDBEFGPS"DUJPOA8BUFSGPS-JGF 6/8BUFS%FDBEF1SPHSBNNFPO"EWPDBDZBOE$PNNVOJDBUJPOtSponsor-"RVBF'PVOEBUJPO FOREWORD As the curtain falls on the Decade it is difficult to avoid feeling frustrated. Since 2005, we have been managing complexity on a global scale; interactions have increased exponentially thanks to social media and the Internet, but we can’t help but regret the missed opportunities. There were many. But now we have a full stop – a time to reflect. What has the Decade achieved? After 10 years, we’re finally approaching the end of the UN Decade for Water 2005-2015, and the office is reviewing, sifting, collating and editing 10 years of action on water into a form where we can report on and present it – all of it. Ten years have passed! For almost as long as we can remember, 2015 has been considered a critical year for the inter- national water and sanitation agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • TECHNOLOGY and INNOVATION REPORT 2021 Catching Technological Waves Innovation with Equity
    UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION REPORT 2021 Catching technological waves Innovation with equity Geneva, 2021 © 2021, United Nations All rights reserved worldwide Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright Clearance Center at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications 405 East 42nd Street New York, New York 10017 United States of America Email: [email protected] Website: https://shop.un.org/ The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication has been edited externally. United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. UNCTAD/TIR/2020 ISBN: 978-92-1-113012-6 eISBN: 978-92-1-005658-8 ISSN: 2076-2917 eISSN: 2224-882X Sales No. E.21.II.D.8 ii TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION REPORT 2021 CATCHING TECHNOLOGICAL WAVES Innovation with equity NOTE Within the UNCTAD Division on Technology and Logistics, the STI Policy Section carries out policy- oriented analytical work on the impact of innovation and new and emerging technologies on sustainable development, with a particular focus on the opportunities and challenges for developing countries. It is responsible for the Technology and Innovation Report, which seeks to address issues in science, technology and innovation that are topical and important for developing countries, and to do so in a comprehensive way with an emphasis on policy-relevant analysis and conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Vijayawada Delhi Lucknow Bhopal Raipur Chandigarh Right to Education to Slow Down to 8.6% in ’22 for T20 Wc Bhubaneswar Ranchi Dehradun Hyderabad *Late City Vol
    Follow us on: @TheDailyPioneer facebook.com/dailypioneer RNI No.APENG/2018/764698 Established 1864 ANALYSIS 7 MONEY 8 SPORTS 11 Published From ENFORCING THE INDIAN GOVT IT SPEND GROWTH AUSSIES’ BEST BACK VIJAYAWADA DELHI LUCKNOW BHOPAL RAIPUR CHANDIGARH RIGHT TO EDUCATION TO SLOW DOWN TO 8.6% IN ’22 FOR T20 WC BHUBANESWAR RANCHI DEHRADUN HYDERABAD *LATE CITY VOL. 3 ISSUE 276 VIJAYAWADA, FRIDAY, AUGUST 20, 2021; PAGES 12 `3 *Air Surcharge Extra if Applicable RAASHI KHANNA: PASSION FOR MY CRAFT KEEPS ME ON MY TOES { Page 12 } www.dailypioneer.com POWER MINISTRY ISSUES TIMELINES AIR INDIA DISINVESTMENT ON TRACK, ATHLETICS COACH O.M NAMBIAR, WHO BUILDERS ONLY UNDERSTAND COLOUR FOR INSTALLING SMART METERS STATES CIVIL AVIATION MINISTER GAVE INDIA PT USHA, PASSES AWAY OF MONEY OR JAIL TERM, SAYS SC he Ministry of Power on Thursday provided timelines for nion Civil Aviation Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia on enowned athletics coach O.M Nambiar, who nurtured one Builders only understand the colour of money or a jail replacing existing electricity meters with smart meters with Thursday said the disinvestment process of national of India's greatest track and field stars PT Usha, died here term,” said the Supreme Court on Thursday as it held a Tpre-payment feature in government offices, commercial Ucarrier Air India was on the "right track". “The Ron Thursday due to age-related illness. He was 89. “real estate firm guilty of contempt for wilfully not establishments and industrial units, among others According disinvestment process of Air India is on the right track. For Nambiar is survived by his wife Leela, three sons and a complying with its order and imposed a fine of Rs 15 lakh on to a notification, all consumers (other than agricultural users) this the financial bids should come in by September 15 and daughter.
    [Show full text]
  • CELEBRATE WORLD WATER DAY World Water Day Is an International Day of Action Advocating for Sustainable Management of Our Freshwater Resources
    CELEBRATE WORLD WATER DAY World Water Day is an international day of action advocating for sustainable management of our freshwater resources. Take part in a week of local events focused on water Join our week of water events March 18-25th: Saturday, March 18: Discover Starkweather Creek 10-11:30 a.m., Meet at the Goodman Community Center Wisconsin Master Naturalist Alex Singer will lead a family friendly walk to hidden natural areas along Starkweather Creek in the heart of Madison’s east side. Along the way you will learn about the water cycle and some of the ways water quality is tested. The Great Showerhead Giveaway, Part II 1-4 p.m., Meadowood Neighborhood Center, 5740 Raymond Road Pick up a free low-flow showerhead from Madison Water Utility (Madison residents only), then visit with tables from other organizations to get additional giveaways and learn how small changes in your water use can mean big changes for our lakes and rivers. Sunday, March 19: Restoration Work Party 9 a.m.-Noon, UW-Madison Arboretum Volunteers are invited to join our restoration work party. Please RSVP to [email protected] or (608) 265-5214. Effluent Ale Tasting & Irrigation Pilot Tour 2-4 p.m., Nine Springs Golf Course Clubhouse Friends of Capital Springs Recreation Area present a tasting of the limited-production Nine Springs Effluent Pale Ale, beer produced using filtered effluent (treated wastewater) from the Nine Springs Wastewater Treatment Plant. Stay to tour our pilot program of effluent irrigation sprinklers on the golf course. Limited tastings available. Monday, March 20: Science on Tap 6:30-8 p.m., Ale Asylum Brewery Two UW-Madison scientists will field questions about water science and policy in Wisconsin.
    [Show full text]
  • 22Nd March – World Water Day
    22nd March – World Water Day International World Water Day tries to World Water Day campaigning: remind people about the significance of The United Nation including member fresh water and to promote sustainability nations celebrate this campaign by for fresh water resources' management. implementing the UN recommendations as well as promoting the global water The first proposal for the establishment of conservation through the real activities. this day was made in 1992 during the This campaign is specially promoted by United Nations Conference on one of the UN agencies every year Environment and Development (UNCED). which involves encouraging the people World Water Day was officially assigned to to listen and understand about the water 22 March in 1993 by the United Nations issues as well as coordinating with the General Assembly. international activities for the World Water Day. In addition to the UN member states, a number of NGOs promoting clean water World Water Day Celebration: and sustainable aquatic habitats have used World Day for Water as a time to World water day is celebrated focus public attention on the critical water throughout the world to increase the issues of our era. Every three years since awareness of people towards the 1997, for instance, the World Water importance of water in various field of Council has drawn thousands to life including the environment, health, participate in its World Water Forum during agriculture and trade. It is celebrated by the week of World Day for Water. organizing variety of events and Participating agencies and NGOs have activities such as visual art, theatrical highlighted issues such as a billion people and musical celebrations of water, being without access to safe water for excursions to the local ponds, lakes, drinking and the role of gender in family rivers and reservoirs, symposium at access to safe water.
    [Show full text]