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Sociological Factors in Reefs-Santa Cruz Language Vitality: a 40 Year Retrospective
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Sociological factors in Reefs-Santa Cruz language vitality: a 40 year retrospective BRENDA H. BOERGER, ÅSHILD NÆSS, ANDERS VAA, RACHEL EMERINE, and ANGELA HOOVER Abstract This article looks back over 40 years of language and culture change in the region of the Solomon Islands where the four Reefs-Santa Cruz (RSC) lan- guages are spoken. Taking the works of Davenport and Wurm as a starting point, we list specific linguistic changes we have identified and discuss the so- ciological factors which have both promoted and undermined the vitality of these languages. We then determine the level of vitality for each language through the recently proposed Extended Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale — EGIDS (Lewis and Simons 2010), and based on our results for the RSC languages, we provide a short evaluation of the usefulness of EGIDS for prioritizing language documentation efforts. Keywords: Solomon Islands; Solomon Islands Pijin; Reefs-Santa Cruz; Natügu; Nalögo; Nagu; Äiwoo; EGIDS; language documenta- tion; language vitality. 1. Introduction Forty years ago, two authors wrote extensively about the anthropological and linguistic situation in the RSC language communities. Davenport (1962, 1964, 1975, 2005) described the cultural and sociological properties of both the Santa Cruz and Reef Islands cultures, Figure 1, including a description of trade rela- tionships within the Santa Cruz archipelago. At the same time Wurm (1969, 1970, 1972, 1976, 1978) analyzed the linguistic characteristics of the RSC languages. In his later work, Wurm (1991, 1992a, 1992b, 2000, 2002, 2003) also discussed language vitality in the region. -
Atoll Research Bulletin No. 362 Substrata Specificity
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 362 SUBSTRATA SPECIFICITY AND EPISODIC CATASTROPHE: CONSTRAINTS ON THE INSULAR PLANT GEOGRAPHY OF SUWARROW ATOLL, NORTHERN COOK ISLANDS BY C.D. WOODROFFE AND D.R STODDART ISSUED BY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A. MAY 1992 SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY AND EPISODIC CATASTROPHE: CONSTRAINTS ON THE INSULAR PLANT BIOGEOGRAPHY OF SUWARROW ATOLL, NORTHERN COOK ISLANDS C. D. WOODROFFE 1 and D. R. STODDART 2 Coral atolls are natural laboratories within which to examine ecological processes (Sachet, 1967; Lee, 1984). They are often isolated, in some cases little disturbed, and have a geologically recent history of terrestrial plant colonisation. Reef islands around the rim of most atolls are Holocene in age. They are composed of biogenic skeletal sediments and have developed since reef growth caught up with sea level which stabilised after post-glacial sea-level rise. Plant colonisation of most of these islands must have occurred over a period of no more than 6000 years. Reef islands on coral atoll rims provide an opportunity to test premises and predictions of the MacArthur and Wilson theory of island biogeography (MacArthur and Wilson, 1967). This theory suggested that inter-archipelagic (between-atoll) and intra- archipelagic (within-atoll) variation in plant species richness relate to different processes. Inter-archipelagic trends in diversity reflect regional scale floristic patterns, largely a function of immigration rate which is dependent on distance from 'mainland' source. Intra-archipelagic diversity, on the other hand, reflects local scale differences in plant occurrences, which relate closely to island area, and are a response to area dependent extinction rate. -
We, the Taumako Kinship Among Polynesians in the Santa Cruz Islands
WE, THE TAUMAKO KINSHIP AMONG POLYNESIANS IN THE SANTA CRUZ ISLANDS Richard Feinberg Kent State University Kent, Ohio USA [email protected] Raymond Firth’s We, The Tikopia, first published in 1936, still sets the standard for de- tailed, nuanced, sensitive ethnography. As Malinowski’s student, Firth—who died in 2002 at the age of 100—was a hard-headed functionalist, whose forte was careful exami- nation of cultural “institutions” and their effects on individuals as well as on other institutions. Suspicious of abstruse theoretical pronouncements, he presented his analy- ses in plain language and always situated them in relation to the “imponderabilia” of real people’s everyday lives. We, The Tikopia has been a foundational text for genera- tions of anthropologists, and it helped to guide my research on three Polynesian outliers over the past four decades. Since the time of Firth’s initial fieldwork, conditions in the region have changed drastically, as even the most remote communities have become en- meshed in the world market economy. In 2007-08, I studied a revival of indigenous voy- aging techniques on Taumako, a Polynesian community near Tikopia, in the southeastern Solomon Islands. I was struck by the extent to which the cash economy permeated Tau- mako life, altering the tone of kin relations in ways that would have been unimaginable on Tikopia in the 1920s—or even on Anuta, where I conducted research, in the 1970s. Here, I will examine Taumako kinship in light of the insights offered by Sir Raymond three quarters of a century ago and explore the changes to the kinship system brought about by new economic forces. -
The Vaeakau-Taumako Wind Compass: a Cognitive Construct for Navigation in the Pacific
THE VAEAKAU-TAUMAKO WIND COMPASS: A COGNITIVE CONSTRUCT FOR NAVIGATION IN THE PACIFIC A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Cathleen Conboy Pyrek May 2011 Thesis written by Cathleen Conboy Pyrek B.S., The University of Texas at El Paso, 1982 M.B.A., The University of Colorado, 1995 M.A., Kent State University, 2011 Approved by , Advisor Richard Feinberg, Ph.D. , Chair, Department of Anthropology Richard Meindl, Ph.D. , Dean, College of Arts and Sciences Timothy Moerland, Ph.D. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... vi CHAPTER I. Introduction ........................................................................................................1 Statement of Purpose .........................................................................................1 Cognitive Constructs ..........................................................................................3 Non Instrument Navigation................................................................................7 Voyaging Communities ...................................................................................11 Taumako ..........................................................................................................15 Environmental Factors .....................................................................................17 -
Solomon Islands Earthquake and Tsunami Situation Report No. 3 (As
Solomon Islands: Earthquake and Tsunami Situation Report No. 3 (as of 8 February 2013) This report is produced by OCHA Regional Office for the Pacific in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It was issued by OCHA Regional Office for the Pacific. It covers a period from 7 to 8 February 2013. The next report will be issued on or around 11 February 2013. Highlights Solomon Islands Government has declared a State of Disaster for Santa Cruz Islands in Temotu Province Nine people have been confirmed dead 700 households have been affected, displacing 3,500 people The first relief supplies along with assessment and medical personnel arrived in Temotu Province this afternoon 700 3,500 9 people households people confirmed dead affected displaced Situation Overview The Solomon Islands Government has declared a State of Disaster for Santa Cruz Islands in Temotu Province following Wednesday’s 8.0 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami. The Solomon Islands Government hopes the official declaration will mobilize more domestic and international support. In addition to the declaration, the National Disaster Council approved a budget of US$139,000 for response efforts. The National Disaster Management Office has only received information on damages from some areas of Temotu Province and little information has been received from the Reef Islands and Utupua. In addition, no reports have been received from the Santa Cruz Weather Coast, Tikopia and Anuta. There remains concern for these areas where no contact has been received. The ongoing seismic activity around the Santa Cruz Islands and the difficultly in accessing the area remain a challenge. -
Kua Kohikohi Noa Atungia He Waka E Nga Whare Taonga Huri Noa Te Ao, Mo Etahi, Ka 200 Tau Neke
MUSEUMS TE PAPA NEW ZEALAND NATIONAL MARITIME MUSEUM AUCKLAND MUSEUM Museums around the world have collected canoes for a long time, some for over 200 years. The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, the New Zealand National Maritime Museum Te Huiteananui-A-Tangaroa, and the Auckland Museum are three of these museums. As well as holding many Maori canoes (not listed), they hold canoes from around the Pacific. You can see the lists of these Pacific canoes below. The lists are only examples of the many collections worldwide. Aside from the canoes listed, each museum also has a lot of model canoes, as well as paddles, sails, and other items. You can contact the curators of the museums for background information and photos. THE CANOE IS THE PEOPLE TE PAPA REGISTRATION DESCRIPTION ISLAND GROUP HISTORY FE005098 Tapuakaira: A double-hulled Mauke, This canoe was apparently made in 1823. FE005099 canoe with two bow covers and Southern Cook Tekura, Maru, Maunga, and Tura of Ngati FE010373 three cross-beams. The canoe Islands. Kopati gave it to the museum in 1931 through FE010374 has been taken apart. Judge H. F. Ayson, Resident Commissioner in FE005116 Rarotonga. FE005122 FE005097 FE010421 Tauhunu: A large outrigger Manihiki, This canoe was named after the main village of FE005109 canoe with a shell-lined hull and Northern Cook Islands. Manihiki atoll. It was possibly made by Te Hau outrigger float. The canoe has Nehemia, who made many models of Manihiki been taken apart. canoes when he was old. Colonel Gudgeon, Administrator of the Cook Islands, sent the canoe to the Christchurch Exhibition 1906–1907. -
Ngalo (Lomlom) Island Reef Islams, Tei\4Otu Province
.t GHOUNDWATER RESOURCES t ,OF t (LOMLOM) ii NGALO ISLAND I ll" REEF ISLANDS, TENíOTU PROVINCE by *. r: CURRY s. r23 MEMONÂNDUM TO: l.lo: ProvÍncial SecretarY, GLtd l- Temotu Province. DATE: Z/7 /85 Tel. No. Attn: I4r R Natov¡an Yor¡¡ ref: c.c. Permanent Secretary/MEP tn: Messrs ener & Patterson. PDU. c.c. Permanent Secretary/MFtA&Pc c.c. High Commissioner, Australian High Commission Attn: !'lr G Brooke. GROUND¡üATER RESOURCES OF NGALO ISLÀND As prornisedrplease find attactred a copy of the report entitled ,Groundwater Resources of l.lgalo (f.omlorn) fsland, Reef Islands, Tenrotrr Province,as prepared by the undersigned Ihe report details the study carried out on Ngalo Island frorn 5-9 June and considers the grroundrntater resource in relation to your proposed lrlater Supply Scheme requirements. As can be seen fronr the reportrsufficient grounålater exists on Ngalo Island to meet your Sctreme reguirementsralthough dranges to tìe source of water for sorne vitlages are reconuìended. Potential groundrrvater pollution problems have.been identifiecl and remedial oi alternativê actions are also outlined in the reconrnendations- 'Às mentioned in the acknov,rledgenrentsrl would like to convey my thanks to tire merùrers of your provinãe invoived in ensuring the smooth and well organised running of tÌ¡e entire trip- lfusting this report novl allovrs you proceed with the design of tÌ¡e sdteme. Snr trlater Resources Officer, for Permanent SecretarY/MNR rr att. GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF NGALO (LOMLOM) ISLAND REEF ISLAMS, TEI\4OTU PROVINCE by R J CURRY (i) I¡üater Resources Section GeologY Division tvlinistry of Naturaf Resources GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF NGALÐ (TCIMt,OM) ISLAND REEF ISI.,ANDS TEI\4OTU PROVIÌ.rcE June 1985 Distribution: Provincial Secretary, Temotu Provtnce PermanentSecretary,MinistryofEconornicPlannirq Permanent secretary, Mi-nistry of Health 6( Medical services HighCorrrmissioner,AustralianHiqürCorrunission High Commissioner, Nã'v Zealand High Commj'ssion ..../$i) (ii ) COI{IENTS PAGE SEgIION DESCRIPTION l_. -
Atoll Research
ATOLL RESEARCH Edited by D. R. Stoddart and P. E. Gibbo ILL RESEARCH BULLETIN , 190 ALMOST-ATOLL OF AITUTAKI Reef Studies in the Cook Islands, South Pacific Edited by D. R. Stoddart and P. E. Gibbs Ieeued by THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Washington, D.C., USA. August 13,1975 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Atoll Research Bulletin is issued by the Smithsonian Institution as a part of its Tropical Biology Program. It is sponsored by the National Museum of Natural History, with the production and distribution handled by the Smithsonian Press. The editing is done by the Tropical Biology staff, Botany Department, Museum of Natural History. The Bulletin was founded and the first 117 numbers issued by the Pacific Science Board, National Academy of Sciences, with financial support from the Office of Naval Research. Its pages were largely devoted to reports resulting from the Pacific Science Board's Coral Atoll Program. The sole responsibility for all statements made by authors of papers in the Atoll Research Bulletin rests with them, and statements made in the Bulletin do not necessarily represent the views of the Smithsonian nor those of the editors of the Bulletin. Editors F. R. Fosberg M.-H. Sachet Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560 D. R. Stoddart Department of Geography University of Cambridge Downing Place Cambridge, England PREFACE The work reported here was accomplished during the Cook en-tenary lcxpedition i.n August and September 1969. It could 11ave been carried out so fully in the time available without support of the Cook Islands Government through the Premier, . Albert IIenry. The late Mr L. -
Tuo Climate Change Study Report
TUO CLIMATE CHANGE STUDY REPORT Lawrence Nodua © June 2010 _____________________________________________________________________________ Acknowledgement: UNESCO France Office for financial support, Ben Angoa (Research Assistant), John Selwyn Nokali (Paramount chief of TUO Community, leaders, those who interviewed and the entire TUO community Populace who in one way or the other contributed to the success of this research. Contents. 1. Introduction 2. Research Methodology 3. Environments 4. Fishing 5. Harvesting & Food Security 6. Weather Pattern 7. Fresh Water 8. Sea level & Coastal Erosion 9. Stories 10. Summary 11. Map of Solomon Islands 12. Map of Temotu Province 13. Recommendation 1. Introduction Tuo is the name of the village located in the remote Islands of Reef Islands in the Temotu Province of Solomon Islands. The community has a population of more than 1000 people most of whom a subsistence farmers and fishermen. Women also play a big role in the community as food gatherers and gardeners. To date the community is loosing half of the Islands as a result of the climate change that continue to affect our small islands in the pacific region. The community’s livelihood depends very much on sea resources whilst the limited mass of land it has supplements other income generating and other entrepreneurship activities. Tuo is one of the villages located in the Fenualoa ward of Reef Islands in the Temotu Province of Solomon Islands. Temotu Province is made up of 3 main Islands, namely Santa Cruz (Nendo), Vanikoro and Utupua, and a number of smaller Islands, which include the Reef Islands, Duff Islands (Taumako), Tinakula (active volcano), Tikopia, Anuta and Fataka. -
Oceans Watch Indigenous People's Plan for the Temotu Province
Oceans Watch Indigenous People’s Plan for the Temotu Province Solomon Islands Temotu is the easternmost province of the Solomon Islands. It consists, essentially, of two chains of islands which run parallel to each other from the northwest to the southeast. The Islands or Island groups which make up the province are: • Anuta • Duff Islands (including Taumako) • Fatutaka • Lomlom • Malo • Matema • Reef Islands (including Fenualoa, Makalom, Nalongo and Nupani, Nifiloli, Nukapu, Patteson Shoal, Pigeon Island and Pileni) • Santa Cruz Islands (including the large island Nendö) Temotu Province 2 • Tikopia • Tinakula • Utupua • Vanikoro (including Banie and Teanu) The provincial capital is Lata, located on Nendo, the largest and most important of the Santa Cruz Islands. The population of 18,912 (1999) is quite diverse for the small land area encompassed. The Santa Cruz Islanders are predominantly Melanesian, although the inhabitants of Tikopia, Anuta, the Duff Islands and some of the Reef Islands are Polynesians. The province has given its name to the Temotu languages, a putative linguistic subgroup within the broader Oceanic family of languages. The languages spoken in the province include all nine Temotu languages proper, plus two Polynesian outlier languages: Vaeakau-Taumako and Tikopia. OceansWatch has a bottom up approach and only works where communities have invited us to help them in conservation, education and sustainable livelihood projects. After initial invitation our first visit is always to address the level of stakeholder support -
Alternativeislandnamesmel.Pdf
Current Name Historical Names Position Isl Group Notes Abgarris Abgarris Islands, Fead Islands, Nuguria Islands 3o10'S 155oE, Bismarck Arch. PNG Aion 4km S Woodlark, PNG Uninhabited, forest on sandbar, Raised reef - being eroded. Ajawi Geelvink Bay, Indonesia Akib Hermit Atoll having these four isles and 12 smaller ones. PNG Akiri Extreme NW near Shortlands Solomons Akiki W side of Shortlands, Solomons Alcester Alacaster, Nasikwabu, 6 km2 50 km SW Woodlark, Flat top cliffs on all sides, little forest elft 2005, PNG Alcmene 9km W of Isle of Pines, NC NC Alim Elizabeth Admiralty Group PNG Alu Faisi Shortland group Solomons Ambae Aoba, Omba, Oba, Named Leper's Island by Bougainville, 1496m high, Between Santo & Maewo, Nth Vanuatu, 15.4s 167.8e Vanuatu Amberpon Rumberpon Off E. coast of Vegelkop. Indonesia Amberpon Adj to Vogelkop. Indonesia Ambitle Largest of Feni (Anir) Group off E end of New Ireland, PNG 4 02 27s 153 37 28e Google & RD atlas of Aust. Ambrym Ambrim Nth Vanuatu Vanuatu Anabat Purol, Anobat, In San Miguel group,(Tilianu Group = Local name) W of Rambutyo & S of Manus in Admiralty Group PNG Anagusa Bentley Engineer Group, Milne Bay, 10 42 38.02S 151 14 40.19E, 1.45 km2 volcanic? C uplifted limestone, PNG Dumbacher et al 2010, Anchor Cay Eastern Group, Torres Strait, 09 22 s 144 07e Aus 1 ha, Sand Cay, Anchorites Kanit, Kaniet, PNG Anatom Sth Vanuatu Vanuatu Aneityum Aneiteum, Anatom Southernmost Large Isl of Vanuatu. Vanuatu Anesa Islet off E coast of Bougainville. PNG Aniwa Sth Vanuatu Vanuatu Anuda Anuta, Cherry Santa Cruz Solomons Anusugaru #3 Island, Anusagee, Off Bougainville adj to Arawa PNG Aore Nestled into the SE corner of Santo and separated from it by the Segond Canal, 11 x 9 km. -
Case Studies in the Solomon Islands
Livelihoods and Customary Marine Resource Management Under Customary Marine Tenure: Case Studies in the Solomon Islands A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science in International Rural Development at Lincoln University by Rose Tungale Lincoln University 2008 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science in International Rural Development Livelihoods and Customary Marine Resource Management Under Customary Marine Tenure: Case Studies in the Solomon Islands by Rose Tungale In many ways, coastal marine resources have provided an important source of protein, income and even employment for coastal rural Solomon Islands communities. Fishing, for instance, has always played a very important role in these communities’ culture and tradition. Subsistence fishing is traditional in most rural coastal communities. Small-scale fishing is also wide-spread. Traditionally marine areas and resources were managed by the custodians of the adjacent land and the traditional leaders in some local communities. While small-scale fisheries are managed by the Government, much of the enforcement responsibility is in the hands of the community leaders, given the realities of what that Government can provide. This research has explored the interaction between rural coastal livelihoods and marine resource management under Customary Marine Tenure (CMT) in one area of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands. Specifically the research seeks to