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Observations on the Bolbitiaceae -30. Somebrazilian Taxa

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Observations on the Bolbitiaceae -30. Somebrazilian Taxa ISSN 373 - 580 X Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 28 (l-4):77-103.1992 OBSERVATIONS ON THE BOLBITIACEAE - 30. SOME BRAZILIAN TAXA Por ROY WATLING* Summary Observations on the Bolbitiaceae - 30. Some Brazilian Taxa. Forty two members of the Bolbitiaceae are recorded from Southern Brazil distributed as follows: Agrocybe 11 , Bolbitius 4 and Con- ocybe 27. Of these, ten taxa have been delimited which require further study and more collections before formal recognition is made. Description are offered in several instances to allow the range of variation to be assessed for an enlarged geographical area. Microscopic details on several type specimens used in com¬ parative work are offered for the first time in addition to comments on selected Argentinian collections; line drawings of important characteristics support the text. The problems connected with the typification of Galera crispa are explored. André de Meijer has supplied an appendix tabulating the distribution of the collections within prescribed plant-communities. PROTOLOGUE from the temperate and frigid parts of South Ame¬ rica (southern Chile, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego; It is with great pleasure I dedicate this article to Palmer Peninsula, southern Shetlands, South At- Jorge Wright, a colleague the author has admired lantic Islands and the Pacific island of Juan for over 25 years. It is only through his help that Fernández; Singer 1969). Horak (1979) in listing , many critical collections of S American fungi have five tax3/ excluding Descolea, from Tierra del Fuego been made available. It was paramount during the territories only adds one additional species to the present study to examine Argentinian material as region xhirty sjx taxa of this family are recorded through Rolf Singer's extensive work Argentina is by ginger & Digilio (1952), 13 of which are re- a critical country with specimens holding the key corded for temperate South America as a whole; not only to nomenclatorial problems but also to aft aiso Singer, 1965. More recently Singer (1989) understanding of larger fungi as a whole, and S described seven new species from Latin America: 2 America in particular. I am also confident that fr0m Colombia,1 from Mexico, 3 from Brazil and 1 Jorge Wright, assisted by his colleagues, will gain froni Bolivia. satisfaction in that it was through his assistance André de Meijer has maintained an interest in Bra¬ zilian fungi and in so doing expanded our knowl- INTRODUCTION edge considerably, and made available to appro¬ priate experts collections of dried material. The collections described below were made It has been one such set of collections covering from June 1979 until June 1980 and from January members of the Bolbitiaceae, especially from the 1987 until June 1991 during numerous field tripé to state of Paraná in southern Brazil, that the present several areas of which the following are the most author has had the good fortune to have theoppor- important: tunity to study. The results of an analysis of this [I. the Reserva Biológica Caminó, in the municipa- material is the subject of the present paper. All the lities of Curitiba and São José dos Pinhais (see material excluding two collections were found and Rajchenberg & Meijer (1990) - area B); It is situated documented with field data by a former member in the valley of the Iguazú river, which is regularly of the Associação de Defesa a Educaçao Ambiental flooded; (ADEA) team, André de Meijer member Sociedade [II. the Fazenda São Pedro, in the municipality of de Pesquisa em Vida Selvagem e Educação Am- General Carneiro (R. & Meijer - area E); biental (S.P.V.S.). [III. the Parque Marumbi, in the Serra do Mar, a Little or nothing is known of the Bolbitiaceae of narrow mountain range along the southern Brazi- Brazil, in contrast to the thirty-seven taxa recorded lian Atlantic coast (R. & Meijer - area C); [IV. the Area de Proteção Ambiental (APA) "Bairro Taquaral", in the municipality of Itu (R. & Meijer - * Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, UK area A), and 77 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot . 28 (1-4) (1992) [V. the ¡lita do Mel, in the municipality of Para- The ecological data assembled by A. de Meijer naguá (R. & Meijer - area D). These collections during the various phases of the collecting is pre- have been supplemented with material from: i. sented in tabular form in the Appendix. Shangrilá, in Paranaguá; ii. the Parque Aquática do Clube Atlética, in Curitiba; iii. the Parque Barigui, in SPECIES LIST Curibita; iv. Capão da Imbuía, in Curitiba, and v. the Morro da Caixa da Agua, in the town of Ceno Azul, in The classification used follows Watling (1965) the municipality of the same name. and the nomenclature of entries follows Watling All the sites mentioned above are situated in the and Gregory (1981). Colours follow the Colour Paranense phytogcographical province of Cabrera chart accompanying the British Fungus Flora & Willink (1973), except the Parque Marumbi and (Henderson, Orton & Watling, 1969) or Kornerup both areas in the municipality of Paranaguá, which & Wanscher (1978). Initials for herbaria follow In- are situated in the Atlantic phytogeographical Herbariorum (Lanjouw & Stafleu, 1964). province. All are in the state of Paraná, except Itu, which is in the neighbouring state of São Paulo. AGROCYBE Following the terminology of Veloso & Goés Filho (1982), the plant communities occurring at 1. Agrocybe-cúbense (Murrill) Singer, Sydmuia 30 the collecting sites are: (1977): 201, 1978. a. Seasonal deciduous alluvial forest in the Re- 1, A-C serva Biológica Cambui, where Sebastiana commer- Material examined: BRAZIL, Paraná, Curitiba, soniana (Baillon) L. B.Smith & R. Downs (Euphor- on scat¬ J. tered pieces of wood outside forest; in small group, 18-II-* biaceae) dominates the tree-layer. 1980, Meijer 373 (E). CUBA, Herradura on soil in garden, b. Mixed ombrophilous forest containing Arau¬ 15-VI-1907, Earle 560 (NY) Holotype. caria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. and occurring in the Fazenda São Pedro, in the Parque Barigui and Notes: Originally introduced as Hebeloma in Capao da Imbuía. cúbense by Murrill (1917), A. cúbense ranges from c. Dense ombrophilous forest in the Parque Cuba to northeastern Argentina (Singer, 1979). A. Marumbi and on the Ilha do Mel. (The dense om- cúbense is characterised by the small size of the brophilous forest of the atlantic coast is usually basidiomes, appendiculate veil, slightly lenticular called "atlantic rain forest"). basidiospores and lack of pleurocystidia. An d. Gallery forest in the APA "Bairro-Taquaral" analysis of Murrill's type is offered herein to cir- in areas of savanna. cumbscribe the taxon: e. Restinga, a herbaceous to arboreal vegetation Basidia 4-spored, 23-28 x 8.5-10 p.m, hyaline in on marine sands found on the Ilha do Mel. alkali solution. Basidiospores 11-13.5 x 6-7 x 7.5-9 f. Pastures in the Reserva Biológica Cambui, in Mrn distinctly compressed (lenticular to boat- the Fazenda São Pedro and in the APA "Bairro shaped), oval in face-view, elliptic in side-view, Taquaral". In all three localities dung is abundant, smooth, truncate from broad germ-pore. g. Lawns in the Parque Barigui and in the Par- Cheilocystidia abundant, fusoid-ventricose to que Aquática do Clube Atlética. These are not pas- subcylindric, 18-25 x 6-10 pm with obtuse apex, lured but mown frequently, and thus the grass neck often narrowed (2-3pm broad). Hymenophoral remains permanently short. trama with central strand of interwoven to sub- h. P/wus-plantations of the Fazenda São Pedro parallel hyphae; pileus trama of floccose, inter- and the APA "Bairro Taquaral". woven, hyaline hyphae. Pileipellis a palisadoderm The mean annual temperature varies in the of ochraceous tawny, clavate, pedicellate cells study areas from 11.5°C (at the summit of the Pico (collapsed). Clamp-connections present. Paraná, situated in the Parque Marumbi, which at In keeping with Dennis (1953) Smith (pers. 1922 m is the highest peak of southern Brazil) to comm.) was unable to find pleurocystidia but in an 22°C (in Paranaguá). The mean annual precipita- independent study of the holotype Hesler (pers. tion varies from 1300 mm(APA "BairroTaquaral") comm.) found ampulliform structures; the last au¬ to more than 4000 mm (at the Pico Paraná). High- thor's spore-data, i.e. 10-13-x 7.5-9.5 pm, except for est precipitation is during the period of December being slightly broader agrees with the present ma¬ to February and the driest period is from June to terial. August. There is no real dry season, however. The Dennis (1953) considered A. cúbense to be con¬ mean annual relative humidity of the air varies specific with A. sacchari (Murrill) Dennis (= Nauco- front 73% (APA "Bairro Taquaral") to more than ria sacchari Murrill, 1912; based on Earle 322 in 85% (at the Pico Paraná). NY). The holotype of A. sacchari. consisting of two 78 R. Walling, Bdbitiaceae - 30 40mm C 10pm 50mm A D B 50pm E 50mm F -t F G f 12pm 10pm<?/? H I b/ 50mm "b 25mm J K CD 25pm, N 20pm [spmÿvÿj} O 10pm M P L P Fig, l.~ Agrocylv: A - C, A cúbense Mcijer 373; D - H, A. cylhulriat Meijer 249; I &J, N - P, A. sororiit Mcijcr 127 & 127b; K - M, A. airfei-Meijer 288 & 288b, A, D, E, G, K & N sections of basidiomes; G, habitat sketch; B, F, J, M, & P cheilocystidia and C, H, L & O basidiospores. • 79 . Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot . 28 (1-4) (1992) basidiomes, had the following microscopiccharac- Broussonetia, Allophylus, Cupania, Quercus and ters (Fig. 5, I-K). Phoebe to name but a few vascular plant genera, Basidia 4-spored, 20-25 x 9-10 /¿m. Basidiospores and Guzmán (1979) records it from Mexico, where 9-12 x 5-6 pm, broadly oval in face-view, elliptic in it is not recommended for food.
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