1 in 3 Diliman UPCAT passers does not enrol in UP — Page 3

Philippine Collegian Dreamscape Aquino’s detour from Opisyal na lingguhang pahayagan ng mga mag-aaral ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas - Diliman the ‘tuwid na daan’ 5 Hulyo 2011 Terminal Cases Taon 89, Blg. 3 - 4 Delfin Mercado

he incessant rain eradicated all chances for an evening run Taround the Academic Oval. With an oversized umbrella in hand, I No right turn trudged along the muddy path to the jeepney stop. I intentionally slowed down my pace, glancing back with each step, half-wishing to see you walking behind me. Aquino’s detour Coming home, I found the front door of the apartment ajar. I was surprised when you came out, but from the ‘tuwid pleased when you pressed your lips into mine. I inhaled your Marlboro menthol-breath. Moments later, I was tracing every crevice in your body with na daan’ relish. The skies rumbled and woke me from my ecstasy. It was a dream. I Mila Polinar turned over in bed, willing myself back to sleep and back Tuwid na daan. to you. This was the path, one year ago, that The sweet alto of your voice startled Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino III vowed me. “Hello,” you said, th to tread as the 15 President of the from your side of the Philippines. In his inauguration speech, bed. You lay there, with he said he would part ways with his only the sheets on. I looked into your eyes and recognized that familiar predecessor, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, gaze, the one you always gave me whose crooked governance served as when you wanted me to run after you, the framework for numerous cases of back in the beaches of our childhood. corruption, incompetence, and human A clap of thunder rights violations. Aquino announced that his echoed through the room. I blinked. administration would lay its own foundations, When I opened sweeping away the vestiges of the my eyes, you were previous term. gone. A dream within a dream. Nowadays, we only meet in dreams. We meet in my dreams, sa araw na ito – dito magwawakas where I am most “Ngayon, powerful. I can imagine you in any ang pamumunong manhid sa mga daing ng way I want, and draw taumbayan,” claimed Aquino. He promised8 up scenarios that will to quell corruption, evoking the now- never be possible when I am awake. famous tagline that had been the motto of Yet, no matter how his candidacy during the elections: perfect the dreams are, I dread “Kung walang corrupt, walang dreaming of you. Asleep, my own creations can betray me: Dibuho ni Jano Gonzales my dreams of you are too vivid to forget, too beautiful to be forgotten for me to want to wake from them. And worse, they keep me from wanting the real thing. TV ang Disappearing Pagpapatuloy ng It has been a week now since I last saw you walking around the nagturo sa justice karahasan sa Academic Oval. You were with friends you met in college—friends of yours aking umibig Editoryal Pahina 2 ilalim ni who are no longer friends of mine. You smiled and waved when you saw me, Kultura Pahina 11 Aquino then I ran towards you, thinking of how soft your— Lathalain Pahina 7 A dream within a dream. I don’t even have to sleep to dream. ●

2 • Kulê Opinyon Martes 5 Hulyo 2011 Disappearing justice Quoted On June 2006, two UP students [L]et me correct disappeared in Hagonoy, Bulacan. Over the next five years —arduous [John Gabriel ones for all who knew the missing young women — a slow trickle of Pelias’] claim witnesses would emerge, telling the story of Sherlyn Cadapan and that lack of Karen Empeño’s abduction, and their money is never subsequent rape and torture by suspected members of the military. a hindrance Five years. In the first few weeks after the abduction, Karen once someone and She became the faces of the hundreds of desaparecidos under gets the chance the regime of then-President to become an Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, a time when state-perpetrated violence Iskolar ng escalated with the implementation of the counterinsurgency program Bayan. As my Oplan Bantay-Laya (OBL). Outrage erupted over the fate case proves, of Manuel Merino, the farmer Marianne Rios it is. —Lyndon John S. de from Bulacan who heard Karen Leon, Young Blood column, and She screaming, tried to help, organizations. For years, the AFP been committed without their culture of impunity bred by the Philippine Daily Inquirer, June 22 and ended up being burned alive, has justified their horrendous prior knowledge, these people are previous regime, the human rights according to accounts pieced deeds by insinuating that activists culpable in the abductions. situation in the country remains Wala namang together from several witnesses. and rebels are one and the same, While Karen and She remain a cause for alarm. Even as the Now, there is a grim resignation subjecting both to torture, missing, these officials who AFP projects a new façade of nakakadiri sa in the continuing protest actions rape and other forms of human condoned the reign of impunity nonviolence through the Oplan and calls for justice for the rights violations. through the OBL remain free Bayanihan, political killings and pagmamahal. victims. Now, there are only three In ordering the AFP to “fully from any charge. various abuses continue. Ang nakakadiri possible outcomes. Karen and She ensure the release” of Karen, She Moreover, while the affirmation The protracted judicial process could be found dead; they could be and Merino, the high court not of the writ of amparo – which has in more ways made it more ay ‘yung surfaced, victims of a five-year only ruled that military figures allows the kin of the disappeared difficult to search for Karen, She and ordeal for which there is no such as retired Maj. Gen. to access information from the hundreds of other desaparecidos. panghuhusga possible restitution; or no Jovito Palparan are AFP and search several military Every day that justice is delayed, one (but their abductors) personally liable for camps – is a symbolic victory the possibility of their eventual ng mga obispo might ever know for sure Editoryal the disappearance and for human rights advocates, it is surfacing diminishes. sa mga taong what happened to them. torture, the high court also essentially useless for the long- With the law of the land found When the Supreme reminded the military that disappeared victims. The ruling lacking in protecting its citizens nagmamahalan. Court (SC) affirmed this they are not above the law. may seem to compel the AFP to from abuses of the state, it is —Rev. Ceejay Agbayani of May the 2008 decision of the It is disappointing however surface the missing students, but incumbent upon our leaders the Metropolitan Community appellate court granting the writ that while the high court without the cooperation of the to enact and enforce laws that Church, in response to Bishop of amparo to Karen, She and castigates AFP officials, the court military, any information provided would uphold the rights of every Teodoro Bacani’s ‘pandidiri’ Merino, it confirmed what has exempts high-ranking officials will be meaningless, and any citizen. We will continue searching to same sex marriage, long been an established fact: the including former President search will prove futile. Indeed, for the disappeared, and we abs-cbnnews.com, June 29 military is behind Karen and She’s Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Gen. despite being implicated by no will not rest until the Aquino abduction. The two, together with Hermogenes Esperon, and Avelino less than the SC in the abduction, administration holds accountable I think divorce thousands of others, are victims Razon from responsibility over the AFP simply continues to deny the perpetrators of these abuses. of a counterinsurgency program the disappearances. They have involvement in the disappearance ● should be which did not differentiate command responsibility over the of Karen and She. available between armed rebels and implicated soldiers, and as these Despite the Aquino administration’s members of legal progressive acts of violence would not have promise to break away from the to people who become homicidal at Philippine Collegian www.philippinecollegian.org the sight of Punong Patnugot Marjohara S. Tucay Kapatnugot Pauline Gidget R. Estella Tagapamahalang Patnugot Dianne Marah E. Sayaman Mga Panauhing Patnugot each other. Jayson D. Fajarada, Larissa Mae R. Suarez Patnugot Sa Lathalain Mila Anna Estrella S. Polinar Patnugot Sa Grapiks Nicolo Renzo T. Villarete, Chris Martin T. —Sen. Miriam Defensor Santiago, Imperial Tagapamahala Ng Pinansiya Richard Jacob N. Dy Kawani Ruth Danielle R. Aliposa Pinansiya Amelyn J. Daga Tagapamahala sa Sirkulasyon Paul John Alix when asked about love, Sirkulasyon Gary Gabales, Ricky Kawat, Amelito Jaena, Glenario Ommalin Mga Katuwang Na Kawani Trinidad Gabales, Gina Villas Pamuhatan Silid 401 Bulwagang marriage and divorce during Vinzons, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman, Lungsod Quezon Telefax 981-8500 lokal 4522 Email [email protected] Website philippinecollegian.org her 40th wedding anniversary, abs-cbnnews.com, June 20 Kasapi Solidaridad: UP Systemwide Alliance of Student Publications and Writers Organizations, College Editors Guild of the Philippines 3 • Kulê Balita Martes 5 Hulyo 2011 1 in 3 Diliman UPCAT passers does not enrol in UP Inaccessible education Richard Damian to the 2006 TFI primer issued by the A survey conducted by the Office UP administration. More than a third or around 1,300 of of the University Registrar revealed the 3,826 UP College Admission Test that an average of five percent of Budget constraints (UPCAT) qualifiers in UP Diliman (UPD) UPCAT qualifiers who did not enrol The university’s budget did not enrol this academic year, citing in UP the past four academic years constraints lead to “unaffordable reasons such as proximity issues, and were offered scholarships in other education, poor range of scholarships BAGSAK. Tumulak patungong Mendiola ang iba’t ibang sektor ng lipunan sa scholarship grants and lower fees in universities. and even declining competitiveness of ika-isang taong panunungkulan ni Aquino noong Hunyo 30. “Bagsak” na marka other universities, among others. “It is really a matter of having education,” said Conti. ang binigay ng grupo sa kasalukuyang administrasyon dahil sa patuloy na Only 65 percent or 2,502 of the options, hindi naman natin mapipigilan “Every year, UP asks the national paglala ng kahirapan, paglabag sa karapatang pantao at patuloy na pag-iral ng UPCAT passers have enrolled as of kung gusto nila pumunta sa [ibang government for a higher budget... but mga maka-dayuhang palisya ng kanyang rehimen. Photo by Airnel T. Abarra June 30, according to the UPD Office university]...at least they continue to what we do receive is proportionally of the University Registrar, barely a college pero sana nga kasing ganda lower than the previous year’s budget,” percent higher than the 2,482 who ng UP education ‘yung makukuha nila,” according to the ToFI primer. Sidebar 2: UP’s sources of financing enrolled out of the 3,826 UPCAT said Saloma. In 2006, the university spent about qualifiers last year. However, these UPCAT qualifiers P4.6 billion, 85 percent of which was However, the freshman enrolment did not enrol in UP because of the subsidized by the government. In 2010, 90 in UP Diliman has not increased “unaffordable tuition and poor range the government’s share declined to 80 80 Government “significantly” and even tends to of scholarships” in the university, said percent, subsidizing only P4.6 billion founding decrease, said UP Diliman Chancellor Conti. of UP’s P5.5 billion total budget. The 70 Caesar Saloma. Rochelle, an UPCAT passer, availed remaining 20 percent was sourced 60 Since the 300 percent tuition of an entrance scholarship offered from the university’s internally- 50 Internally- and other fees increase (TFI) in 2007, by the University of Santo Tomas. generated income, mostly coming 40 generated Income the number of UPCAT qualifiers who “Mataas na din kasi ang tuition sa UP from tuition fees (see sidebar 2). 30 actually enter UP has been decreasing [at] mahirap pa naman daw makakuha For next year, the UP 20 at an average of three percent. In ng [financial assistance]. Kung tulad administration proposed a P17-billion 10 2010 and 2011, however, the number sana noon na P300 lang [per unit], baka budget (see related article on page of UPCAT passers who enrolled tumuloy ako,” she said. 5). “It is what we need to run the 0 increased by eight and one percent, In 2007, the UP administration University [so] sana makakalahati respectively. (See sidebar 1) implemented increased the then base man lang tayo,” said Conti. However, The high “no show” rate shows tuition of P300 per unit to P1,000 in recent years, the Department of how UP education is becoming less to “cope with the rapidly increasing Budget and Management has only Source: Department of Budget and Management accessible to students, said UP Student maintenance and other operating approved 30 to 40 percent of the Regent Ma. Kristina Conti. expenses” of the University according budget proposed by the university. Meanwhile, the administration The STFAP “act[ed] as a strain to should consider lowering the tuition ensure that fewer students will receive rates and increasing scholarships tuition discounts, stipends and other for students to make UP education benefits,” according to a statement accessible, said Conti. released by the systemwide alliance But lowering the tuition rates in UP of student councils Katipunan ng mga is not an option for the administration, Sangguniang Mag-aaral sa UP. said Saloma, explaining that the Since the implementation of UPD administration would rather the STFAP in 1989, the number of concentrate in strengthening the students granted free tuition has been university’s Socialized Tuition Fee decreasing. In 1991, one in every five and Assistance Program (STFAP) to undergraduate students in Diliman accommodate more students. was granted free tuition but by 2010, the figures decreased to only one in Flawed STFAP every 100 students. The STFAP works as a mechanism Progressive student groups have of determining tuition rates where called for the scrapping of the STFAP “students who can afford [shall] pay as it only serves as a mechanism for the full cost of their education and generating more income from tuition. students who cannot [shall] be granted From 2007 to summer 2009, the subsidies,” according to the STFAP administration had collected P500 primer issued by the administration. million from tuition fees but only spent The administration created the P25 million for STFAP beneficiaries, STFAP when the base tuition was according to KASAMA sa UP. adjusted from P40 to P300 in 1989. As the government gradually The first STFAP was the Numeric decrease subsidy to UP, the University Bracketing Scheme, classifying is compelled to find ways to raise students into nine brackets. With income like the STFAP and TFI, said the 300 percent TFI in 2007, the Conti. “Clearly, we need higher budget UP administration restructured from the government. We oppose the program to the five alphabetic any form of generating income from brackets. students,” she added. ●

Source: Office of the University Registrar 4 • Kulê Balita Martes 5 Hulyo 2011 Ilang Morong napagkamalang Abu Sayyaf, 10 taon nang nakakulong

inosenteng Moro habang patuloy Ma. Katherine Elona niyang hinahayaang manatili sila sa kulungan sa kabila ng mga panawagan Sampung taon na ang nagdaan ngunit ng iba’t ibang grupo tulad ng MCPA, nanatiling nakakulong ang may 43 ayon kay Liongson. sibilyang Moro na pinagbintangang “Hindi mo matatahak ang tuwid kasapi ng teroristang grupong Abu na landas kung nakahambalang sa Sayyaf (AS), sa kabila ng kawalan ng daan ang mga biktima ng [paglabag sa] sapat na ebidensiyang magpapatunay karapatang-pantao noong nakaraang sa mga paratang. rehimen at dinadagdagan mo pa sa Ayon sa Moro Christian People’s kasalukuyan,” dagdag ni Liongson. Alliance (MCPA), alyansa ng mga Kristiyano at Moro sa bansa, may Patuloy na pagdakip 63 sibilyang Moro ang kasalukuyang Simula nang maupo si Aquino sa nakapiit sa Camp Bagong Diwa at iba puwesto, tatlong sibilyang Moro na pang kulungan sa Mindanao matapos ang hinuli sa Metro Manila, ayon sa mapagkamalang mga miyembro ng AS MCPA. at sampahan ng kasong “kidnapping Isa si Patta Hoyoh sa mga sibilyang and serious illegal detention.” Moro na nahuli noong Nobyembre Nagsimulang hulihin ang mga 2010. Sa pagsasaliksik na isinagawa ng sibilyang Moro noong Hulyo 2001 MCPA, napag-alaman nilang 21 taong matapos magdeklara ang dating gulang lamang ang tricycle driver na Pangulong Gloria Arroyo ng “state si Hoyoh. “Ang sinasabi ng mga humuli of lawlessness” sa Basilan bunsod sa kanya, kasama siya noong mga Abu ng limang insidente ng kidnapping. Sayyaf, may dalang M-16 nang 10 years Hanggang sa kasalukuyan, epektibo old,” ani Liongson. pa rin ang deklarasyong ito na Sa halip na Patta Hoyoh, ang JUMPSTART. Members of the UP Pep Squad encourage bystanders to cheer with them as they march around the nagbibigay-pahintulot sa Armed pangalang Abu Naher ang nakasulat academic oval in the annual send-off for UP athletes on July 1. The 74th season of University Athletic Association of the Forces of the Philippines (AFP) na sa warrant of arrest na ginamit ng Philippines, which will be hosted by Ateneo de Manila University, will hold its opening ceremonies at the Marikina Sports humuli ng sinumang pinaghihinalaan AFP at wala rin itong kasamang Center on July 9. Kuha ni Richard Jacob Dy nilang miyembro ng AS. pagsasalarawan sa taong tinutukoy. Sa may higit 500 hinuli, ilan ang Upang maiwasan ang mga Bagaman kasong kriminal ang napawalang-sala na, may ilang naghain paglabag sa karapatang pantao gaya isinasampa sa mga pinaghihinalaang ng apela at may ilan ding namatay ng sa kasong ito, balak ng MCPA mga miyembro ng AS, maituturing pa Konsultasyon ukol sa na sa piitan, ayon sa tala ng MCPA. na makapagpanukala ng batas na ring pulitikal na panunupil ang paghuli Subalit hindi umuusad ang mga kasong magbabawal sa mga depektibong sa mga inosenteng Moro dahil bahagi isinasampa laban sa karamihan ng warrant of arrest sa tulong ng ito ng pulitikal na usapin gaya ng WoT, dagdag bayarin, iginiit mga nakakulong, ani Tony Liongson, mga partylist sa Kamara, ayon kay ayon kay Liongson. pambansang tagapangasiwa ng Liongson. Plano ng MCPA na isulong ang MCPA. Impluwensiyang panlabas amnestiya para sa lahat ng political “Kapag tiningnan mo ‘yung warrant detainee, kabilang ang mga sibilyang ng mga mag-aaral of arrest, puro alyas at walang malinaw Lalong tumindi ang pag-aaresto sa mga inosenteng Moro mula noong Moro. “Gusto nating hamunin ang na description na mapagkikilanlan ng pagpapataw ng miscellaneous fees na ipahayag ng Pilipinas ang suporta nito gobyerno ni Aquino na ibigay ang mga pangalan,” ani Liongson. Ilang ulit Jeremy Pancho nakatakda nitong ipatupad sa susunod sa kampanyang War on Terror (WoT) katarungan doon sa mga naging na ring binago ang kasong isinampa sa na semestre. ng Estados Unidos, kapalit ang ilang biktima ng human rights violations Nararapat magsagawa ng korte dahil marami sa mga hinuli ang Sa nasabing pagdinig, naglabas ang pabor at pabuya, ani Liongson. “[Dahil noong mga nakaraang gobyerno at isa konsultasyon sa mga estudyante wala naman ang pangalan sa orihinal CHEd ng pahayag na magpapatupad dito] naging negosyo ng militar ang na diyan ang usapin ng pagpapalaya ng ang pamunuan ng mga pamantasan na warrant of arrest, dagdag niya. mga political prisoners,” ani Liongson.● ito ng “cap” o hangganan sa halaga ng Batay sa Rule 110, Section 7 ng paghuli sa mga Moro,” dagdag niya. sa bansa bago magpataw ng mga bayaring hindi kabilang sa “basic o miscellaneous fees. Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure, Batay sa unang balangkas o draft Mga kategorya ng miscellaneous fees ayon sa draft CHEd core fees,” o batayang miscellaneous kinakailangang isaad ang buong CHEd memorandum order (CMO) ng pangalan ng akusado sa mga kasong Memorandum Order hinggil sa pagtataas at paglikha ng fees na kinakailangan sa mga serbisyong pang-estudyante, ayon sa mga bagong alituntunin na ipinasa isinasampa, at sakaling hindi sigurado karagdagang bayarin ng CHEd sa Kamara noong Hunyo sa tunay na pangalan, “he must be ilang organisasyon ng kabataan. Sa ilalim ng Commission on Higher 28, pagpapangkat-pangkatin sa iba’t described under a fictitious name Basic/ Core fees Incidental fees Prohibited fees ibang katergorya ang mga dagdag na with a statement that his true name is Education (CHEd) Memorandum No. 13 (CMO 13), kung saan nakapaloob bayarin. Gayunman, nasa pagpapasya unknown.” Athletics/Sports Affiliation fee Energy fee pa rin ng administrasyon ng paaralan “Kahit sino magdududa kung ang mga lumang alituntunin hinggil Guidance and counseling Community extension Development fee kung idadaan ang miscellaneous fees [lahat ng] mga nakakulong nga ay Abu sa pagpapataw ng mga bayarin, tanging base tuition lamang ang sa konsultasyon. Sayyaf,” ani Liongson. Sapilitan ding ID Cultural fee “Ang gusto sana natin ay maging pinaamin ang mga sibilyan at ilan sa obligadong dumaan sa konsultasyon Laboratory Drug test sa mga mag-aaral. “Kailangan lamang requirement ang consultation sa mga kanila ay nakaranas ng torture. [miscellaneous fees] maliban sa basic Isa si Abdulmoner Saliddin sa mga Library Transcript and diploma fees magpasa ng mga paaralan ng abiso sa CHEd na kailangan maningil ng iba’t o core fees,” ani Recedes. sibilyang Moro na hinuli ng military Medical/dental Insurance fee matapos mapagkamalang kasapi ng ibang bayarin,” paliwanag ni Einstein Pagpapangkat ng Registration Internet fee AS. “[I was] nailed on the left ear and Recedes, pangulo ng National Union miscellaneous fees of Students of the Philippines (NUSP). left temple [and the soldiers] pressed Student Handbook Hinati sa tatlong kategorya my mouth and tongue with a pliers,” Sa isang pagdinig sa Kamara noong ang miscellaneous fees sa ilalim Student organizations saad niya sa kanyang sinumpaang Hunyo 8, nauna nang ipinahayag ni ng draft CMO: basic o core fees, salaysay. Student publication CHEd Executive Director Julito Vitriolo “incidental fees” at “prohibited fees” Nilalabag ni Pangulong Benigno na kakatha ang nasabing ahensya ng Sanggunian: Commission on Higher Education mga bagong panuntunan hinggil sa Aquino III ang karapatan ng mga Continued on page 6 » 5 • Kulê Balita Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

A total of P 980 million was allotted for the Engineering Research Development for Technology, while NEWSBRIEFS UP proposes P17-B P310 million was allotted for the continued construction of National Science Complex. ‘Dim expectations’ “Based on the university’s budget for ‘12 experience with DBM in the past, Pauline Gidget Estella the P17-billion budget proposed by allotted for Personal Services (PS), budget proposal for 2012 clearly Mary Joy T. Capistrano the university will most likely not be Kin of slain journalist seeks which covers the salary of faculty and shows that even the administration approved in full,” Pascual said. reversal of DOJ ruling For 2012, the UP administration other employees. For maintenance has less expectation in the coming Since 2007, UP has been receiving Relatives of slain journalist has submitted to the Department of and other operating expenses, budget deliberations. With the lower only about 30 to 40 percent of its Dr. Gerry Ortega filed a motion Budget and Management (DBM) a P17- (MOOE), the administration allotted budget proposal, students could proposed budget. Last year, for for reconsideration before the billion budget proposal, a P1.5-billion 18 percent or P3 billion of the expect more tuition fee increases and instance, the government approved Department of Justice (DOJ) last July decrease from last year’s P18.5-billion proposed budget. privatization of lands in the university,” a budget of onlyP5.53 billion for UP, 1, seeking for a reversal of its decision proposal. According to the Budget said Conti. less than a third of the university’s dismissing the charges against former UP will need an additional P10.3 Secretary Florencio Abad, the DBM Although Pascual said that the proposed budget. Palawan Governor Joel Reyes and five billion subsidy on top of the P6.8 billion is preparing the national budget for reduction of CO in UP Manila is the If the government does not other suspects. budget appropriated for the university submission on the day after President reason for the decrease in the budget approve the proposal, the university Last June 14, the DOJ released a this year. Of the P17-billion budget Benigno Aquino III’s second State of proposal, data also showed that will have to defer all infrastructure decision absolving Reyes and other proposal, over 72 percent was allotted the Nation Address on July 25. even the budget proposal for MOOE projects planned for next year, suspects in the murder of Ortega, decreased by two percent from P3.7 to the constituent units, while P 4.7 Lower budget proposal Pascual explained. “Existing activities an environmentalist who was vocal billion last year to P3 billion. could continue to be funded, but billion or 28 percent of the proposal The administration reduced the against mining operations in his radio The proposed budget for PS, new initiatives would have to be was set aside for the operations of the proposal for 2012 by decreasing the program. According to the ruling, the on the other hand, increased by 10 shelved,” he added, saying that the Philippine General Hospital. allocation for CO of UP Manila to P1.5 suspects were cleared of any liability percent from P5.9 billion last year administration will continue seeking The allotment for capital outlay billion from P2.9 billion last year. due to insufficient evidence. to P6.9 billion due to the additional donations from alumni and other (CO), the fund for equipment and “The reduction is due to the Ortega was shot dead in a market P1.1 billion allotment for Retirement charitable institutions to augment the construction of infrastructures, takes revised schedule of CO for the in Puerto Princesa last January 24. and Life Insurance Premiums of UP government’s subsidy. the biggest share in the proposed National Institute of Health (NIH) of “The two law enforcement agencies personnel who will be given the third But Conti said the university budget, with P7.2 billion or 42 percent UP Manila. The 2011 budget proposal of the government, co-complainants tranche of the Salary Standardization should not depend on donations at of the total budget proposal. Manila included the full amount of CO for Philippine National Police and Law III. the face of decreasing state subsidy, will receive the highest CO amounting NIH, while the 2012 budget included National Bureau of Investigation have The PS component included rather it should continue lobbying for to 1.5 billion, followed by UP Mindanao only the CO for the first phase due to submitted abundant evidence” against a P222 million fund for additional a sufficient budget for education, she with 1.2 billion and UP Diliman with the fact that the 2011 budget was not the suspects, according to the motion. faculty items in all constituent units, added. P944.7 million. granted in full,” UP President Alfredo The dismissal of the charges while P66.7 million was allotted for the “UP should get the adequate and Meanwhile, 40 percent or P6.9 Pascual told the Collegian. led to an outrage among journalist regularization of existing contractual sufficient budget that it deserves.” billion of the proposed budget was “The P1.5 billion decrease in the groups including the National Union employees. Conti said. ● of Journalists of the Philippines, which claimed that the death of Reyes was only part of the crackdown on anti- mining advocates in Palawan. “The murder of Dr. Gerry Ortega was only one of the latest cases of extrajudicial killings. [This kind] of human rights violations thrive in a culture of impunity that continues under Aquino’s regime,” said Trina Federis, national president of the College Editors Guild of the Philippines. ‘SC decision bolsters criminal case against Palparan et al’ - NUPL The recent Supreme Court (SC) decision affirming the Court of Appeals (CA) ruling which granted the writ of amparo for missing UP students Karen Empeño and Sherlyn Cadapan would strengthen the criminal case filed against retired Maj. Gen. Jovito Palparan and five other suspects, said lawyer group National Union of People’s Lawyers (NUPL) in a statement. In 2008, the CA issued a writ of amparo as a measure to safeguard the right to life, liberty and security PAHIWATIG. Nagdaos ng unity march ang mga mag-aaral ng UP Diliman bilang pangwakas sa Diliman Student Summit na ginanap sa School of Economics of the missing UP students who were Auditorium noong Hunyo 28. Nagsilbing paunang pagtitipon ang summit upang talakayin ang mga isyu sa loob at labas ng pamantasan gaya ng lumalalang abducted in Hagonoy, Bulacan in 2006. paglabag sa karapatang pantao at ang alternatibong Code of Student Conduct na ipinanunukala ng iba’t ibang konsehong pangmag-aaral. Kuha ni Richard Jacob Dy In affirming the CA decision, the SC ordered the military to “immediately release” Empeño and Cadapan. BADTRIP. NAUBUSAN AKO NG KOPYA NG KULE “By pointing to [Palparan and the other suspects] as the persons BUTI NA LANG MAY liable for the disappearance of the two students, the Court itself gave credence to the charge of arbitrary WWW.PHILIPPINE COLLEGIAN.ORG detention of the two students against Continued on page 6 » 6 • Kulê Balita Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

last June 30, claiming that he was present Newsbriefs during a meeting of several members of « from page 5 the Ampatuan clan in November 2009. In Aquino’s 1st Palparan et al. The SC thus submitted the meeting, Ampatuan Sr., his son Sajid and ‘probable cause’ in the criminal case against other family members allegedly discussed worsening quality of education, said the accused,” said Atty. Ephraim Cortez, the plan for the massacre. Recedes. The length of education NUPL assistant secretary general for legal Salio said Ampatuan Sr. allegedly cycle has no strict correlation to the services. ordered the ambush and murder of the year a failure quality of education, as students in In its June 21 statement, the NUPL wife and relatives of political rival Esmael other countries garnered excellent explained that probable cause is “the Mangudadatu, who was then about to file scores in aptitude exams even standard by which a person may be his candidacy for the 2010 elections.● though the cycle is shorter than the arrested” because evidence point to a 10 activists injured in Fil-Am Philippines, he explained. particular person who committed the crime. Friendship Day rally – youth groups Adding two more years to Palparan had repeatedly denied that Ten members of Bagong Alyansang the K+12 program requires an the students were under his custody. Makabayan (Bayan), an umbrella estimated P150 billion for new “Palparan’s denial of any of the organization of progressive groups, were classrooms, teachers, books, and allegations should be treated as simple injured when the police and protesters seats. However, it is not certain yet puerile defenses, not exemption from clashed in a rally held in front of the United of school due to fee increases. In Isabella Patricia Borlaza & if the government has enough criminal charges. His arrest is imminent,” States Embassy for the Filipino-American the 2009 survey by the Philippine Pauline Gidget Estella resources to effectively implement said Cortez. (Fil-Am) Friendship Day yesterday. Institute for Development Studies, the K+12 program, said Gardon. Concepcion Empeno and Erlinda The protesters, which also include youth In anticipation of President only 14 of 100 students who enter According to DepEd Order No. Cadapan, mothers of the two students, groups and other sectoral organizations, Benigno Aquino III’s second State grade one eventually finish college. 37, schools without kindergarten are waiting for the notice of preliminary massed up at different points surrounding of the Nation Address, various ‘Misguided solutions’ classrooms “shall utilize available investigation, under which prosecutors will the US embassy at around 11 AM. As the youth groups called his first year “It is clear that the solution classrooms, library, science try to determine probable cause and issue a protesters approached the embassy, anti- a “failure,” condemning his “flawed to this problem is an increase in laboratory, home economics warrant of arrest. ● riot police began using clubs to disperse the policies in education” and indecision government subsidy. However, the building, resource center, and other Witness tags Ampatuan Sr. mob. The protesters retaliated by hurling in other areas of governance. Aquino administration continues available spaces.” DepEd Order No. as mastermind in Maguindanao stones at the policemen. During his first year in office, to overlook this fact, and instead 37 details the implementation of massacre In a statement, Bayan said there is no Aquino continued implementing implements the K+12 program,” the K+12 program, which will start A witness in the Maguindanao massacre reason to celebrate Fil-Am Day because the policies that “did not [address] the said Christopher Pasion, national by offering universal kindergarten case identified former Maguindanao relationship between the Philippines and US problems of the education sector,” deputy secretary general of CEGP. for all children aged five years old. governor Andal Ampatuan Sr. as one of the has always been lopsided. said groups Kabataan Partylist Under the K+12 program, or “Ganito ba ang patakaran “masterminds” in the manslaughter of 57 “As we extend our friendship and (KPL), National Union of Students universal kindergarten plus 12 years ng isang matinong gobyerno? people, including 31 journalists, in 2009. solidarity with the American people, of the Philippines (NUSP), College of basic education, the students Hihikayating mag-enrol ang lahat Lakmudin Saliao, a former house help we continue to oppose the unequal and Editors Guild of the Philippines will have “more time to consolidate ng limang taong gulang kahit wala of the Ampatuan family, testified in the exploitative relations being imposed on (CEGP), League of Filipino Students acquired academic skills and palang classroom na paglalagyan, Quezon City Regional Trial Court Branch 221 the Filipino people by the US government,” and Student Christian Movement competencies,” according to the kaya pagkakasyahin na lamang Bayan said. ● of the Philippines in a press DepEd briefer on the K+12 plan. sa kung saan, sa ‘any available conference on July 2 at UP Diliman. But adding two years to basic spaces?’” said ACT Teachers Despite the government’s claim education will not improve the Partylist Rep. Antonio Tinio. ● that a year is not enough to assess Kunsultasyon bago noong Hunyo 24, iginiit ng NUSP Aquino, “the first year already magpataw ... at iba pang organisasyon na sa set the tone [of his regime],” said proseso ng konsultasyon, kailangang KPL Secretary General Athena « from page 4 magkasundo ang mga estudyante at Gardon. Youth groups called for a ang administrasyon sa pagpataw ng nationwide walkout on July 19 to bayarin. protest Aquino’s negligence of the (sumangguni sa sidebar). education sector. Kabilang sa basic fees ang mga Komersyalisadong edukasyon bayaring makatutulong sa pagtuturo “Dahil sa deregulated status ng Education crisis at sa pagpapanatili ng maayos miscellaneous fees, ang mga schools The Aquino administration na serbisyong pang-estudyante ay nagiging creative sa pag- craft allotted only 11.35 percent of the gaya ng student organizations fee, ng napakaraming bayarin. Dahil national budget for education, the samantalang kabilang naman sa walang malinaw na provisions ang lowest portion given to education incidental fees ang karagdagang miscellaneous fees tulad ng tuition since the Estrada administration. bayarin ipinapataw batay sa kurso ng fee, didiretso ang mga binabayad ng With many public schools in estudyante. estudyante sa bulsa ng mga school decrepit condition, it is very likely Itinuturing naman na prohibited owners,” saad ni Recedes. that fees might be charged to meet fees ang mga bayaring kahina-hinala, Isa sa mga resulta nito ang the need for facilities, said Gardon. hindi makatuwiran at walang kinalaman pagkakaroon ng “redundant, At present, public schools sa pag- aaral ng estudyante, kabilang exorbitant at dubious fees,” aniya. still lack 152,000 classrooms, ang “development fee” at “energy fee.” Ilang halimbawa ng redundant 95.5 million textbooks, 103,500 Nagkaroon din ng pagbabago fees ang sports at athletic fee na teachers, 13.5 million chairs, and hinggil sa kahulugan ng miscellaneous dapat ay saklaw na ng tuition, ani 424,600 water and sanitation fees sa bagong panuntunan. Recedes. Dagdag niya, may ilan ding facilities, said NUSP Chair Einstein “[Miscellaneous fees] are charges in pamantasang mas malaki pa sa base Recedes, citing data from the addition to tuition that are collected tuition ang sinisingil na miscellaneous Department of Education (DepEd). for a specific purpose or service, fees. Due to insufficient funds, as may be identified by the school May mga bayarin pang hindi schools have been generating authorities and certified by the malinaw kung saan gagamitin tulad ng income from students by increasing recognized student council and faculty “mandatory donation fee” at “spiritual tuition and miscellaneous fees, association,” ayon sa draft CMO. fee,” ayon kay Vanessa Faye Bolibol, said Recedes. For this year, the Sa ilalim ng CMO 13, maipapataw secretary general ng NUSP. Commission on Higher Education ang bagong miscellaneous fees kahit “Dapat aminin ng bawat isa (CHEd) approved tuition increases walang pagsang-ayon ng konseho ng na may malaki tayong problema in 340 private colleges and mga mag-aaral at kalipunan ng mga sa miscellaneous fees. CHEd, as a universities nationwide. In the guro. governing body, bilang ahensya na National Capital Region, 69 Sasailalim sa serye ng nageensure ng access to higher and colleges increased tuition by an deliberasyon ang mga iminungkahing quality education, ay dapat may average of seven percent. FASHION STATEMENT. Members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender alituntunin bago ito maipatupad ginagawang aksyon. Sinisikap natin As of 2009, approximately 7.93 (LGBT) community attach a giant pride flag to the Oblation on June 28. Earlier, sa susunod na semestre. Sa huling na maipabasura na lahat ng bayarin na million children aged 7-16 years the group marched around the academic oval to condemn gender inequality pulong na dinaluhan ng school wala naman kinalaman sa pag- aaral,” old have been forced to drop out and discrimination among the LGBT. Kuha ni Chris Martin Imperial administrators at youth organizations ani Recedes. ● 7 • Kulê Lathalain Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

z Pulitikal na pamamaslang

Hanggang sa ngayon, nagpapatuloy ang ganitong kalakaran na dulot ng programang kontra-insurhensiya ng Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). Layon ng programang ito na lupilin ang mga kasapi ng mga lehitimong pampulitikal na organisasyong tumutuligsa sa gobyerno. Kabilang sa mga biktima nito si Fernando Baldomero ng Bayan Muna Partylist-Aklan, na binaril nitong Hunyo sa BAKAS NG harap ng kanyang 12 -taong gulang na anak.

Pagpaslang sa mga alagad ng midya Noong 2009, naging laman ng mga pahayagan ang higit 32 mamamahayag na pinaslang umano ng private army ni Andal Ampatuan Jr. sa Maguindanao. Sa kabila ng pangakong hustisya ni Aquino, wala pa ring nahahatulan sa mga DUGO itinurong maysala. Sa mga lalawigan naman ng Iriga at Palawan, pinaslang kamakailan ang mga SA TUWID NA DAAN radio broadcaster na sina Romeo Olea, kritiko ng lokal na pamahalaan; at George Ortega na masidhing tinutulan ang malawakang pagmimina sa Palawan.

Joan C. Cordero Pagdukot/Sapilitang pagkawala Kabilang ang Pilipinas sa 47 bansang Desaparecidos ang tawag sa mga biktima ng sapilitang pagkawala. kasapi ng 2011 United Nations Human Dinudukot at kalimitang dinadala sa mga safehouse kung saan tinotortyur Rights Council (UNHRC). Ito ang at pinagbibintangan nang kung anu-ano ang mga desaparecido. Walang pangatlong pagkakataong nahalal kasiguruhang mahahanap ang mga nawawala tulad nina Sherlyn Cadapan, Karen ang bansa sa UNHRC na binuo noong Empeño at Jonas Burgos na halos limang taon nang hindi nakikita ng kanilang mga 2006 upang protektahan at isulong pamilya. ang karapatang pantao sa daigdig. Hindi rin umuusad ang pagpaparusa sa mga militar at pulitikong nasa likod Maraming tagumpay na inani ang ng mga pagdukot, tulad sa kaso ni Melissa Roxas, isang aktibistang Filipino- kampanya para sa karapatang pantao American na dinukot sa Tarlac noong 2009. Pinagbintangan siyang miyembro sa bansa, ani Alberto Del Rosario, ng New People’s Army (NPA) kaya dinukot, tinortyur at tinago nang halos isang kalihim ng Department of Foreign linggo. Nang mapalaya, tumestigo si Roxas na miyembro ng AFP ang mga Affairs. dumukot sa kanya. Subalit ani Commission on Human Rights Chair Loretta Ann Taliwas ang pahayag na ito sa Rosales, hindi umano sapat ang testimonya ni Roxas upang parusahan ang militar. mga aktwal na kaganapan sa bansa. Sa kabila ng pangako ni Pangulong Benigno Aquino III na bibigyang Ilegal na pag-aresto at detensyon hustisya ang mga biktima ng paglabag Maituturing na ilegal ang pag-aresto at detensyon kung ito'y biglaan, walang sa karapatang pantao sa ilalim ng utos mula sa korte at sumasagka sa karapatan ng inaresto na ipagtanggol ang mga nagdaang administrasyon, wala kanyang sarili. ni isang maysala ang naparusahan o Ganito ang nangyari kay Maricon Montajes, estudyante ng UP, na dinakip, nasampahan man lang ng kaso. ikinulong at sinampahan ng mga kasong pagpatay, illegal possession of firearms Nagpapatuloy ang kultura ng at violation of gun ban ng Philippine Air Force noong 2009. Isang community Dibuho ni: pagwawalang-bahala sa karapatang worker si Montajes sa Batangas, at hanggang sa kasalukuyan, nakapiit siya sa Ruth Danielle Aliposa pantao habang hindi nabibigyan ng Batangas City Jail. hustisya ang mga biktima at patuloy na Halos dalawang araw namang ikinulong ang pitong kabataan sa Disenyo ng pahina ni: nadadagdagan ang tala ng karahasan. Calamba Police Station dahil lamang sa pagdaraos ng kilos protesta habang Roanne Descallar Samakatuwid, nananatiling may bahid nagtatalumpati si Aquino sa pagdiriwang ng ika-150 kaarawan ni Jose Rizal. Lima ng dugo ang daang matuwid ni Aquino. sa mga ito ay estudyante ng UP Los Baños. Sidebar: Tala ng karahasan Paglabag Bilang ng biktima Pananakot at pagbabanta sa human rights workers Pulitikal na pamamaslang 45 Nahaharap din sa mga banta ng karahasan ang mga human rights worker. Sapilitang pagkawala 5 Sinusubaybayan ngayon ang mga organisasyon tulad ng Community Health Tortyur 26 Education, Services and Training in the Cordillera Region (Chestcore) Nabigong pulitikal na pamamaslang 9 na nagbibigay serbisyo sa mga komunidad sa Cordillera. Simula 2007, pinagbabantaan at pilit na pinaaamin ang mga miyembro nito kung kasapi Ilegal na pag-aresto at detensyon 103 sila ng NPA. Nakatatanggap ng mga kahina-hinalang text messages ang desk Ilegal na paghalughog 37 coordinator nito na si Milagros Ao-wat. Pambubulabog ng pulisya/militar sa mga tahanan 48

Panga-agaw sa ari-arian 49 Sapilitang paglikas 2, 251

Pagbabanta/ Panghaharas/ Pananakot 4, 610 Militarisasyon at panghaharas sa kabataan Sa umiiral na kultura ng karahasan, pinakalantad sa panganib ang kabataan. Sapilitan o pekeng pagsuko 7 Noong nakaraang taon, binugbog ng mga militar ang 17-taong gulang na lalaki na taga-Batangas matapos tumangging sumali sa paramilitary group na Citizens Paggamit ng sibilyan bilang gabay o panangga sa mga 13 operasyon ng pulisya/militar Armed Forces Geographical Unit. Kamakailan, napatunayang nananatili ang banta sa karapatan ng mga bata Paggamit ng eskwelahan, ospital, bahay-sambahan at iba 1, 756 pang pampublikong gusali para sa operasyon ng militar nang isang 15-taong gulang na babae ang gahasain ng tatlong miyembro ng Presidential Security Group sa kanilang barracks nitong Hunyo 21. Malinaw itong halimbawa ng paglapastangan at pagsasawalang bahala sa karapatan lalo pa't Sanggunian: sa bakuran na mismo ng palasyo naganap ang panggagahasa, ani Arlene Brosas Karapatan Alliance for the Advancement of People’s Rights ng Akap Bata Partylist. 8• Kulê Lathalain Martes Hulyo 5 2011

July 30, 2010: Citing unconstitutionality, the Supreme Court — still dominated by Arroyo appointees — ruled to abolish Aquino’s Truth Commission, which would have investigated Arroyo’s corruption cases.

August 6:Instead of distributing the 6,453-hectare land, Hacienda Luisita Inc. crafted a compromise deal asking 10,000 farmers to choose between dividing 1,400 hectares of land among themselves or becoming “stockholders.” As shareholders, HLI farmers received shares as low as P0.17 August 23: A fired policeman held hostage a bus carrying Chinese tourists, per stock unit. killing 14 nationals. Aquino was missing throughout the whole ordeal and was later heavily criticized for smiling in an interview regarding the incident.

October 8: Aquino and Shalani Soledad break up. As the first bachelor who became president, Aquino’s lovelife has often been December 17: After ten months in detention, the Morong 43, a the subject of media coverage. group of health workers who were captured and tortured by the military, were released due to pressure from international and local organizations.

December 27: For the first time in 11 years, the budget is approved January 13: Aquino purchases a P4.5-million Porsche before its actual year of implementation. Aquino’s “reform budget” amid looming oil price and transport fare hikes. however, recycles Arroyo’s fiscal policies.

February 15 to 21: Aquino resumes peace negotiations with the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP) which has been waging armed resistance against the Philippine February:Less than 10% of Overseas Filipino Workers in war- Republic for more than 40 years. torn Middle East and North Africa are brought safely back home. Peace talks closed in 2005 after NDFP consultants received assassination threats.

April 17: UP bestows Aquino with an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree for his anti- corruption campaign. Aquino does not deserve the degree, asserts then-Student Regent Jaqueline Eroles.

April 29:Former Ombudsman Merceditas Gutierrez resigns a month after Congress voted for her impeachment. Until now, Aquino has not chosen Gutierrez’ replacement.

Artwork by Jano Gonzales May 30:After 11 months in office, Aquino releases the Philippine Nico Villarete Development Plan 2011-2016 which focuses on policies of privatization and Page design by deregulation. Roane Descallar

Aquino’sNo detour right from the turn ‘tuwid na daan’ 9 • Kulê Lathalain Martes Hulyo 5 2011

Aquino won by a landslide during the can’t get something for nothing. This Yet while Aquino sees fit to do something about one of the major administration in the continued May 2010 elections. By November maxim has been proven by the effects disburse billions in cash handouts and pillars of anti-corruption which is implementation of pro-US policies 2010 he had an approval rating of of the Aquino administration’s PPP gas subsidies — whose value is more the Ombudsman?” asserts Tuazon. such as the Visiting Forces Agreement, +64, which declined to +46 by June thrust, especially in the education easily measured in “pogi points” than Also, Aquino’s formation of the Truth which allows the presence of US 2011, according to the Social Weather sector, where the budget for state concrete and sustainable benefits — Commission which “practically had troops on Philippine soil, says Padilla Stations. universities and colleges has been he has chosen not to implement long- neither teeth nor power to do its in a forum. “I am not really that concerned reduced to push them to become term solutions which give the people work” further highlights Aquino’s lack Indeed, by securing US support, with the popularity, it will go up and commercialized or “self-sufficient.” what they really need: fair wages and of seriousness in fighting corruption,” Aquino has created for himself a down," Aquino announced. And, as In response, SUCs have resorted land. adds Tuazon. mantle of protection amid looming Presidential Spokesperson Edwin to income-generating schemes, For instance, the P22 added to the “The sincerity of the current public disapproval. Aquino utilizes the Lacierda argues, “while nationwide while continued deregulation of the cost of living allowance of minimum administration can be measured by principle of patronage politics as the satisfaction rating have slightly education system allowed 282 private wage workers amounted only to P426, its seriousness in chasing after the people who make up key leadership dipped, the figure remains… universities to increase their tuition or 42 percent of the P1,010 needed by previous administration,” says Roneo positions in his administration are historically very high.” rates. a family of six living in the National Clamor, acting secretary-general either his “kaibigan,” “kaklase” or Yet the current situation of the “Private sector participation Capital Region. Meanwhile, just as of Karapatan, an alliance for the “kabarilan,” according to Bayan. country (see sidebar), one year into his means operating for profit and user workers are deprived of fair wages, protection of human rights. Divergent paths term, now requires him to take such fees for what should be mainly or so are farmers denied of their right to Indeed, Aquino’s “battle” against In response to many of the vacillating figures seriously. More even solely publicly-provided social land. corruption is matched by his inaction criticisms against it, the Aquino so, since critics have begun branding services and utilities,” explains IBON. The inability of Aquino to on the issue of human rights: equally administration reasons that it has only his administration as an extension of The downside of allowing the implement the court decision to lacking in concrete results. been one year; not enough to institute Arroyo’s term. private sector to control basic services distribute Hacienda Luisita to the Aquino continued to implement all the changes it promised. Much has manifested in the oil industry as farmers is a manifestation of Aquino’s Arroyo’s widely discredited Oplan remains to be done over the next five Copycat Aquino continues to implement the oil insincerity in instituting genuine Bantay Laya (OBL) during the first six years, says Lacierda. One recurring criticism of the deregulation law (ODL), which leaves agrarian reform, says Romulo Tuazon, months of his term. He later launched Tuazon counters, “Even if you Aquino administration is that, for all private oil companies free to raise oil research fellow at the Center for Oplan Bayanihan which merely cannot deliver right away the basic its talk of change and reform, many prices without government regulation. People Empowerment in Governance. imitated OBL’s “manner, execution social services, you must show that of Arroyo’s programs and policies This has resulted in 13 price hikes from and implementation,” says Clamor. you are in control as a president by have simply been continued under the January to March alone. Insincere measures As of June 2011, there are now coming up with a clear vision on where new regime, such as public-private Despite a series of mishaps over The oil price hikes stimulated the 49 recorded victims of extrajudicial you’re going to lead the country to partnerships (PPPs) and conditional the course of his first year as president overwhelming increase in the prices of killings under Aquino — a rate of what direction according to your cash transfers (CCTs). — most of which, analysts note, basic commodities such as vegetables, roughly one victim per week. ‘daang matuwid.’” Meanwhile, Aquino merely shrugs were preventable crises resulting electricity and water, among others. And it’s not only Arroyo’s economic Indeed, effecting genuine change off “necessary steps for strategic from incompetence or inaction, such Yet, amid the vprice hikes, Aquino and counter-insurgency policies in this country entails administrative economic development, such as as the August 23 hostage crisis— proposed measures such as Pantawid which Aquino recycled. Arroyo made competence and immense political real agrarian reform and building a Aquino tells the public in his first-year Pamilyang Pilipino Program, Pantawid US support a fundamental bulwark will — and Aquino met neither national industry,” according to IBON, anniversary speech that what he has Trabaho and Pantawid Pasada. These of her regime, one of the ways by requirement. an independent economic research done is “puwede na rin.” programs offer temporary relief from which she kept her iron grip on power. “He has to betray his own class, institution. However, one year later, many the current economic crises through Likewise, Aquino has actively sought betray his own political dynasty… This is evident in the Aquino Filipinos are still poor. Many immediate and short-term palliative the backing and support of the United if he really wants to live up to the administration’s PPPs, wherein the government officials are still corrupt measures, such as dole-outs and States in his presidency. expectation of the people,” explains government ties up with the private (see sidebar). contractual low-paying jobs. In August 2010, the Aquino Tuazon. sector to split the costs of projects Months after the resignation of “The scale of joblessness, hunger, administration received a grant to The path to genuine change begins like health services and public Merceditas Gutierrez , Aquino has not and poverty is too great for pantawid build infrastructures and implement with shifting the favour from the transportation — and thus allowing yet appointed the next Ombudsman. measures to matter even when development programs from the elite at the expense of the poor to companies to profit from supposed Gutierrez received impeachment properly and fully implemented,” Millenium Challenge Corporation, a benefitting the majority of Filipinos. public services. “Sa madali pong sabi, complaints from civil society leaders says Arnold Padilla, public relations US agency, amounting to $434 million The past year, however, shows whom makukuha natin ang kailangan natin. and not from Aquino. officer of Bagong Alyansa Makabayan (P18.6 billion). Aquino has chosen to betray—the Hindi tayo gagastos, kikita pa tayo,” “What kind of sincerity can you (Bayan), an umbrella organization for This aid signifies the unspoken very people who once placed their claims Aquino. get out of this when he cannot even basic sectors. acquiescence of the Aquino hopes in his administration. Yet, as an old adage goes, you

June 22:Aquino visits flood- stricken Cotabato City without bringing relief goods from the national government, disappoi Summing up Aquino’s first year*

GDP growth, 2nd quarter of 2010: 8.9 1st quarter of 2011: 4.9 11.3 million workers are unemployed 15 million Filipinos left the country to work abroad in Aquino’s first year 14,000 OFWs stranded in Libya during the Middle East and North African crisis 4.1 million families suffer from hunger 10.4 million families consider themselves poor 49 victims of extrajudicial killings 6,000 families-partial number of urban poor families who lost homes due to demolitions

*Data as of the 1st quarter of 2011 Sources: Bagong Alyansang Makabayan, Migrante-International, IBON, Social Weather Stations, Karapatan, National Statistical Coordination Board 10 • Kulê Kultura Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

nominasyon sa Academy nakipagkasundo sa mga Amerikano Mary Joy T. Capistrano Awards noong dekada 90. Ang si Rafael. Sa kabilang banda, Amigo ang isa sa dalawang tinangka rin niyang protektahan ang Tila may time machine sa loob ng pelikula ni Sayles na tumalakay kapatid na si Simon (Ronnie Lazaro), Trinoma. Pagtapak ng mga tao sa sa mga digmaang kinasangkutan isa sa mga pinuno ng mga rebelde ikaapat na palapag ng mall, tila ng Amerika. Isa si Sayles sa mga sa kanilang lugar. humigit-kumulang na isang siglo ang personalidad na aktibong tumuligsa Ipinakita sa pelikula kung paano kanilang nilakbay pabalik. sa giyerang agresyon ng US sa nagtangkang mamuhay ang mga Kapansin-pansin ang biglang Iraq noong 2003. Pilipino kasama ang puwersang pagbabago ng paligid, higit lalo Naganap ang kuwento ng Amigo Amerikano sa isang maliit na sa mga kasuotan ng mga taong sa fictionalized na baryo ng San komunidad sa kalagitnaan ng gumagala sa palapag na iyon. Mula Isidro sa Luzon noong kasagsagan ng isang digmaan. Upang makuha ang sa mga nag-iikliang moda ng mga Filipino-American War ng 1899-1902. loob at tiwala ng mga taga-baryo, damit ng mga kababaihan lumabas Sa panahong ito, maagap na inagaw tinangkang makibagay ng mga ang kanilang mga naghahabaang ng mga kolonisador na Amerikano sundalong Amerikano sa mga saya, samantalang mga ang nagbabadyang tagumpay ng mga kultura, tradisyon at gawi barong naman sa mga lalaki. rebolusyonaryong Pilipino laban sa ng mga Pilipino. Hindi Makikita rin sa bawat sulok mga Kastila. ito nalalayo sa kung ang mga gwardiya sibil na tila Cabeza del Barrio si Rafael paano sinakop nagpapatrolya. Sa isang sulok ng Dacanay (Torre) ng San Isidro nang ng mga Kastila ikaapat na palapag ng Trinoma magkampo ang pwersang Amerikano a n g magaganap ang pagpapakilala ng sa pamumuno ni Lt. Compton palabas na Amigo. (Garrett Dillahunt) sa kanilang baryo Tinangkang balikan ng habang tinutugis si Heneral Emilio pelikulang Amigo ang naganap na Aguinaldo na siyang pangulo noon makasaysayang digmaan sa pagitan ng rebolusyonaryong gobyerno. ng mga Amerikano at mga Pilipino Upang hindi sumiklab ang nang sakupin ng Amerika ang bansa gulo at matiyak ang sa unang bahagi ng ika-20 siglo. kaligtasan ng kanyang Isinulat at idinirehe ng Oscar- mga nasasakupan, nominated na filmmaker na si Dibuho ni Nico Villarete John Sayles ang Amigo na unang Disenyo ng pahina ni Kel Almazan ipinalabas sa US noong nakaraang Amerika taon. Pinagbibidahan ito ng mga at Pilipinas ay beteranong aktor tulad nina Joel sirkumstanyal Torre, Bembol Roco, Ronnie lazaro lamang at hindi at Rio Locsin at ng premyadong dahil sa mabangis na Hollywood actor na si Chris katangian ng mga giyerang Cooper. agresyon ng Amerika. Nakilala si Sayles sa mga Sa tila pagpapakita ng simpatya independent films na ni Lt. Compton kay Rafael, Lone Star at Passion tila ipinapahiwatig ni Sayles na Fish na kapwa kapayapaan ang tunay na hangad ng nagkamit ng mga Amerikano at makukuha lamang iyon kung boluntaryong isusuko ng mga Pilipino ang kanilang sarili sa kanilang mga sa mga Amerikano. counterinsurgency Sa isang banda, maaaring ang campaigns sa mga paggawa ni Sayles ng pelikulang bansang kanilang Amigo ay isang sinserong pagtatangka ginigiyera ngayon tulad na makipag-kaibigan sa mga PIlipino sa kabila ng madilim na Rebyu: Amigo ng Iraq at Afghanistan. Direktor: John Sayles Mahihinuha na ang pagsasapelikula kasaysayan sa pagitan ng dalawang Amigos en la guerra* bansa. Ngunit hindi buo ang ‘act of ni Sayles sa Filipino-American War ay hindi lamang upang balikan ang contrition’ na ito ni Sayles dahil mas kasaysayan. Sa halip, tinatangka rin pinili niyang isalarawan ang giyera sa Pilipinas ni Sayles na humalaw ng mga aral pagitan lamang ng mga sundalong at kung mula rito at ipakita kung paanong Amerikano at Pilipino. Naisasantabi p a a n o hanggang sa ngayon ay nagpapatuloy nito ang pangkabuuang katangian nila pinaamo ang ang mga giyerang agresyon ng US sa ng sistematikong panggigiyera m a m a m a y a n s a mga bansang nais nitong sakupin. ng Amerika sa mga bansang pamamagitan ng Katolisismo. Gayunpaman, may ilang kahinaan nais nitong sakupin. Dahil sa balatkayong na masisipat sa pagsasadula ni Sayles Malayo sa pagiging magkaibigan pananakop ng Amerika sa Pilipinas, ng giyera sa Pilipinas. Mas nagbigay ang tunay na relasyon ng Amerika tinawag ang istratehiyang ito na siya ng pokus sa relasyon ng mga at Pilipinas kung pagbabatayan ang ‘benevolent assimilation.’ indibidwal na mga Amerikanong naganap sa Balangiga sa Samar Ang mabuting ugnayan sa pagitan sundalo sa mga Pilipinong pilit nitong kung saan daang libong Pilipino nina Rafael at Lt. Compton ang ‘ideyal’ inaamo. Sentro ng giyera ang maliit ang minasaker ng mga sundalong na sitwasyon na nais mangyari ng na baryo ng San Isidro kaya naman Amerikano sa panahon ng kanilang pwersang Amerikano kung saan hindi napakita ang mas malaking pananakop. Magpasahanggang ngayon, malugod na tinatanggap larawan ng giyera na naganap noon nagpapatuloy ang pagbabalatkayo ng mga sinasakop ang sa iba pang komunidad sa bansa. ng relasyong ito bilang magkaibigan kanilang mananakop. Sa ilang pagkakataon, lumalabas sa mga palyadong tratado at Gayunpaman, hindi sa pelikula na nagkaroon lamang kasunduang nagtatali sa Pilipinas sa natinag ang mga ng mga personal na alitan ang mga laylayan ng Amerika. ● rebolusyonaryong Pilipino at Amerikano. Pilipino sa paglaban Sinasabing ang tatak daw ni *Magkaibigan sa digmaan sa pananakop ng Sayles sa kanyang mga pelikula ay pwersang Amerikano. ang pagtatampok ng humanismo at Makikita pa relasyon ng mga karakter. Dahil dito, rin ang ganitong ang mga kasawian at trahedyang istratehiya ng Amerika ibinunsod ng giyera sa pagitan ng 11 • Kulê Kultura Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

Dibuho ni Archie Oclos Disenyo ng pahina ni Kel Almazan

And they call it puppy love Wala namang deadline ang pag-ibig. Pero sa kapapanood ko ng mga batang nagmamahalan sa TV, parang napag-iiwanan na ako at kailangang humabol.

Ninalyn Uy Ganito ang sinasapit ng mga ng mga notebook na itinatalaga na ng mga magulang teen-oriented show: kapag husto na ang si Jolina Magdangal natin na para sa lalaki ang Ngayon lang ako aamin: gusto ko gulang ng isang grupo, kailangan na itong ang nasa pabalat. kulay na blue at pink naman na ng boyfriend. palitan ng isang mas batang pangkat. Tunguhin ng mga ang sa babae. Kritikal ang Hindi naman ako naghahangad ng Noong nakaraang taon lamang, pang-kabataang kulturang popular na ganitong panghihimasok varsity player galing CHK o ng prodigy pinalabas ng GMA7 ang Tween ipakita ang “commodified femininity sa usapin ng kasarian ng mula sa College of Music. Gaya ng Hearts na pinagbibidahan nina Joshua to romance and heterosexual mga kabataan, lalo na sa bida sa teleserye, sapat na sa akin ang Dionisio at Barbie Forteza. Plano ng desirability while highlighting the panahong kinikilala nila taong tatanggap sa akin bilang ako. ABS-CBN na tapatan ito ng Growing role of female competition for male ang kanilang mga sarili. Pero sa kasamaang palad, hindi Up na pagbibidahan nina Kathryn attention,” ani women studies expert naman ako bida sa sarili kong palabas. Bernardo at Albie Casiño. Higit na mas na si N.R. Johnson. Define love Bukod sa akmang porma Minsan nga, iniisip kong sampalin ang bata na ang mga tauhan dito kaysa sa Kung may tinutulan ako sa at pagkilos, ang mga palabas pogi na nakikita kong nakatambay sa akin. Hindi ko maiwasang mainggit: ganitong mga palabas, ito marahil ang na ito rin ang humulma sa mga AS—baka sakaling isipan niyang aba, buti pa ang mga batang ito, marunong pagpapaganda ng mga kababaihan aspirasyon at pangarap ko bilang bata. Hindi malabong bunga ng iba ito sa mga babaeng nakilala ko. lumandi at umibig. para lang mapansin ng gusto nilang Ipinakita sa akin ng palabas kung ano panonood ng TV ang pagnanasa ko Hihintayin kong magtama ang aming Sa loob ng apat na taon, lalaki. Sa halip, tinularan ko ang mga ang ideyal na lifestyle ng mga kabataan. ngayong magkaroon ng boyfriend. mga mata, hanggang sa bumigat ang sinubaybayan ko ang pag-iibigan tulad ni Shan Cai na maangas at Sa mundong ito, hindi maaaring umibig Gayunpaman, patuloy pa rin akong mga titig na hahantong sa palitan ng nina Eds at Rovic. Pakiramdam ko pinasisinungalingan ang karaniwang ang mga walang pambili ng rosas, umaasang darating ang inaasahan nagkakahiyaang mga ngiti—isang kasi, lumalaki ako kasabay nila at pagtingin sa kababaihan. Subalit load na pang-text, o regular na kong mangingibig. Sana bago matapos eksenang tila hango sa paborito kong natututo rin sa bawat aral ng kanilang ayon kay Johnson, humahantong rin koneksyon sa Facebook. ang semestre, makilala ko na siya’t palabas sa TV. pagsasama. Sa murang gulang pa ang alternatibong paglalarawan sa Ngunit sa katotohanan, kalakhan masimulan na naming isabuhay ang lamang, naikikintal na sa isip ng mga babae sa pagtupad sa mga “traditional Who is your first love? ng mga manonood ng mga palabas na mga eksena sa TV na sa pangarap ko manonood ang ideyal na romansang feminine roles.” Lahat raw ng bagay, Dahil salat sa pag-ibig, mga palabas ito ay walang kakayahang iangkop ang lamang maaaring magkatotoo. ● pinalalaganap ng mga palabas. dumadapa sa ngalan ng pag-ibig. sa TV ang nagpapakilig sa akin. kanilang reyalidad sa buhay ng mga Kaya kahit matapang at maabilidad Tanda ko pa kung ilang singaw paborito nilang tauhan. Dahil hindi Describe your loved one ako, tiyak na kikiligin ako kung ang inabot ko sa pagkagat ng labi at Nagdadalaga ako nang mahilig kaya ng allowance ko ang mga damit makatatanggap ng bulaklak mula pagpigil sa sariling ngumiti habang sa ganitong mga palabas. Sakto ito na BNY o Bench, sapat na sa akin ang sa aking crush. nanonood ng seryeng G-mik. Kasama sa sinabi ni Katherine Hamley, isang mga pekeng bersyon nito na mabibili Sa ganitong uri ng mga palabas, ko rin ang pinsan kong manood ng propesor sa University College sa tiangge. hindi uubra ang lalaking malamya; Tabing Ilog, na kwento ng isang Plymouth, “[Young] people will actively Sa paghahangad na maranasan kailangang handa siyang pagsilbihan barkadang sama-samang tumanda, make use of imagery available to ang romansang pang-TV, madaling sa lahat ng paraan ang babaeng nasaktan at umibig. Ipinamamalas them when they are constructing naaakit ang mga manonood na minamahal. Samantala, wala namang pOP MACHINE sa mga palabas na ito ang pagiging their identities.” Walang duda na lumubog sa isang konsumeristang pangunahing tauhan na bakla o Ihulog ang barya/hilahin ang batuta/ kolektibo ng karanasang umibig, na pinakamalaking impluwensiya sa akin kultura, kahit sa usapin ng pag-ibig. sa pop machine/hukayin ang bulsa/ lesbyana, na para bang hindi posibleng sama-sama itong nararanasan ng ang pinakamalapit at pinakapopular Bunsod ng panonood ng TV, naging laglagan ng pera ang pop machine! magkagusto sa kaparehong kasarian. maraming kabataan—isang mensahe na lagusan ng mga kuwento at pamantayan ko ng masayang relasyon Alamin kung gaano kalagkit ang langis Hindi ko maiwasang isipin na nagpapatakbo sa makinaryang na lalong nang-aakit sa mga kabataang imahe—ang TV. at buhay ang pagtanggap ng mga na mistulang pagpapatuloy ng nagluluwal ng lahat ng jologs at sikat, sumugal sa pag-ibig. Higit na target ng ganitong mga mamahaling regalo at pagbabakasyon pagtatakda ng gender roles ang mga at kung bakit nakakaadik sumabay Tumagal nang apat na taon ang palabas ay ang mga kababaihan. Pinilit sa malalayong lugar. teen-oriented shows; sanggol pa lamang, sa uso, kahit na pagtawanan samahan ng Tabing Ilog barkada. ko pa ang nanay ko noon na bilhan ako ka pa ng mga kaibigan mo. 12 • Kulê Kultura Martes 5 Hulyo 2011 Pagtatasa sa pag-alala

Toni Anne Paula A. Antiporda pagpapakahulugan sa mga larawan. Nagkalat, hindi lamang sa Pilipinas, Hindi raw nagtapos sa Dianne Marah Sayaman Minsa’y napangingibabawan na nito kundi maging sa buong mundo, ang ang bagay na nakapaloob rito, tulad mga replika o estatwa ng pambansang kamatayan ang kabayanihan Mabilis raw makalimot ang mga ng nangyari sa mala-showbiz na bayani. Ang mga estatwang ito Pilipino. Ang isang trahedya na pag-usisa ng dokumentaryo sa ngiti ang naging paksa ng Over Rizal: naganap ngayong buwan, wala nang ni Rizal. Sa halip na gamitin ang mga Monuments to a Hero, isang eksibit ni Jose Rizal. Nangaral ang makatatanda sa susunod na buwan. larawan sa Paris upang palalimin sa Vargas Museum. Nakadispley Mainipin, maiksi ang pasensya, at ang pang-unawa ng manonood sa sa eksibit ang mga litrato ng mga mga pelikulang nagkwento ng madaling mabaling ang atensyon sa sosyo-ekonomikong pagbabago at estatwa ni Rizal sa iba’t ibang lugar, ibang mga bagay—ito umano ang tunggaliang ideo-politikal na naranasan at ilang estatwang ginawa ng mga ating mga katangian na dahilan kaya ni Rizal sa Paris, naging tampulan kontemporaryong artista. kanyang buhay. Naisalba na rin naluluklok pa rin sa pwesto ang mga ito ng kontrobersya. Batay sa mga litrato ng estatwa, pulitikong minsan na tayong niloko. Ang isang larawan ay hindi lamang mahihinuha ang imahe ni Rizal na tayo sa pagkagutom ng baryang Kung madali tayong makalimot, kopya ng isang kaganapan, tao o iniwan sa atin: naka-overcoat, may tiyak na mahirap tandaan ang mga bagay, ito ay isang “homage to the dalang libro, at mababanaag sa mukha taong namatay isang siglo mahigit subject,” ani Susan Sontag, kritiko ng ang malalim na pag-iisip. Madalas na nilagyan ng mukha niya. Sa na ang nakalipas. Ito ang hamong potograpiya. Kung gayon, higit pa sa makikita ang mga estatwa ni Rizal kinaharap ng iba-ibang institusyon literal na imahe ang dapat na tingnan, katabi ang mga institusyon ng lipunan, paggunita sa ika-150 araw ng ng bansa sa pagdiriwang ng ika-150 lalo na sa pagsuri ng larawan ng isang gaya ng simbahan, mga munisipyo at anibersaryo ng kapanganakan ni pambansang simbolo gaya ni Rizal. paaralan. Patunay ito sa mataas na Jose Rizal. Sa tagal ng panahong pagtingin para kay Rizal na ikinintal kapanganakan ni Jose Rizal, lumipas mula nang barilin si Rizal sa Inukit na sa isip ng mga mamamayan—mula Bagumbayan, madaling isipin na nasa pag-alaala pa nang ilagay ang kanyang mukha sa patuloy lamang ang pagdalumat bingit na ng pagkalimot ang ating Sa estado piso hanggang sa patuloy na pag-aaral pambansang bayani. ni Rizal bilang sa kanyang buhay sa kolehiyo. Gaya ng paglimot sa mga kasalanan tinitingalang Ayon sa eksibit, “with ubiquity sa kabayanihan ni Rizal. laban sa taumbayan, mapanganib rin bayani, natural comes idiosyncrasy.” Bunsod ng dami na makaligtaan ang buhay at pamana na madalas ng mga estatwa ni Rizal, naipamana ng isa sa mga taong sumalungat sa siyang bigyan sa atin ang isang partikular na mga kolonisador. Upang siguruhing ng parangal o pag-alala sa bayani. Hindi magkakalayo hindi malilimutan ng mga tao si Rizal pag-alala. ang itsura ng mga estawa, patunay at ang kanyang pamana, binubuhay na mayroong pangkalahatang sa telebisyon at sining ang kanyang paniniwala tungkol kay Rizal: buhay at alaala. isang intelektwal na nangahas tumutol sa kalupitan ng mga Nakangiting pagbalik-tanaw mananakop, isang taong dapat Talamak na sa telebisyon ang tularan ng kabataan. mga dokumentaryo tungkol sa buhay Makikita sa dokumentaryo at at mga akda ng ating pambansang eksibit kung paano natin hinahabi bayani. Wala naman silang pinagkaiba ang mga alaala ukol kay Rizal upang sa mga natutunan na natin sa hayskul buuin ang ating kolektibong memorya at elementarya, isang listahan ng, sa tinanghal na pambansang kung hindi man ng mga petsa, lugar bayani. Pinaiigting ng mga institusyon at akda, mga naging babae sa buhay ng midya, sining, paaralan at gobyerno ni Rizal. Nitong Hunyo, inilabas ni ang ating pagtingala sa bayani, sa Howie Severino ng I-Witness ang paniniwalaang makatutulong sa bansa kanyang dokumentaryong “Ang kung aasamin ng lahat na tularan si Rizal. Mahiwagang Ngiti ni Rizal”. Kaiba sa Subalit panay representasyon mga kasabayan niya, uminog lamang lamang ni Rizal ang pinagbatayan ng sa isang partikular na larawan ating mga binubuong alaala. Maaari ang nasabing dokyu, isang kuha ni pa ngang sabihin na representasyon Rizal sa Paris na naka-turban habang na lamang ng mga representasyon ang may isang pilyong ngiti. Inihambing mamamalas—mga kinuhang larawan pa nga ito sa ngiti ni Mona Lisa, ng mga estatwa, na kung tutuusi’y misteryoso at nakakahumaling. kopya lamang ni Rizal. Sa proseso Hindi nakakapagtaka na mga ng ating pag-alala, hindi maiiwasan larawan ang pinagbatayan ng dokyu. ang pagkatha ng mga paniniwalang Sa lahat ng mga naging bayani susuporta sa ating layunin sa ng ating bansa, si Rizal ang may pagbabalik sa nakaraan at pagbuo pinakanaingatang mga dokumento ng memorya. Bagkus, kailangang at litrato. Ayon sa dokumentaryo, siyasatin ang pagpapaalalang mapalad si Rizal na may kakayahan pinangungunahan ng mga institusyon ang kanyang mga kaibigan sa Paris ng lipunan, lalo na’t ito ang mismong na magpakuha ng litrato. Noong mga institusyon na tinunggali ni Rizal mga panahong iyon, itinuturing na noong nabubuhay pa siya. Minsan, karangyaan ang magpakuha ng ang pag-alaala ay pagtatangkang litrato sapagkat mahal Visitors browse the art collection during the Over Rizal: Monuments to a limutin ang mga mararahas na ang teknolohiya na Hero exhibit at the Vargas Museum on June 17. The event showcased various kontradiksyon. ● forms and styles of the monuments of the national hero Dr. Jose Rizal found ginagamit para rito. throughout the Philippines. Photo by Airnel T. Abarra Sa panahong n a h u h u m a l i n g ang lahat sa mga imahe, lalong yumabong ang 13 • Kulê Kultura Martes 5 Hulyo 2011 Caught in the middle

Dianne Marah Sayaman Review: Ilustrado | Author: Miguel Syjuco | Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux (New York)

The ilustrado class is no longer here but the spectre of its existence lingers in our consciousness. This haunting of the present by the past is largely due to Jose Rizal’s stature in the country as a famed ilustrado—a national hero, Kapitan Art a celebrated writer whose novels Buo ang paniniwala ni Kapitan Artemio Ricarte, gaano man kagasgas, na ang are required reading in high schools. sining ay para sa masa. Palibhasa’y Rizal, simply put, seems to be the isang superhero si Kapitan Art sa gabi. ilustrados’ greatest legacy. Pagsikat ng araw, nagsa-sideline siya More than a century of Philippine bilang kritiko ng sining at patnugot. independence from European Tinutugunan muna ni Kapitan Art ang domination and the ilustrado is panawagan ng mga gutom at inaapi bago siya dumalo sa mga eksibit at grandly resurrected in the literary palabas. Bagaman walang pahinga, scene. Miguel Syjuco’s debut novel, masayang-masaya si Kapitan Art sa aptly titled Ilustrado, explores the kanyang dalawang buhay. self-contradictions and hesitations, the ambivalence and ambiguity of the middle position. In form and plot, the novel conforms to the character [Revolution], which really synthesized of the ilustrado class—intellectual, our nationalist aspirations,” he was enlightened and plagued with acting out of his compromised doubts. Readers are treated to a position as part of the elite. The pastiche of blog entries, flashbacks, same pattern can be observed in soliloquys, etc. while they try hard to Syjuco’s novel. It can only deride the piece together plots interspersed shortcomings of the elite; it cannot with each other. echo a bolder call for a reboot of the Ilustrado chronicles a young social system, an event that will divest writer’s efforts to unravel the life of the elite of its power. his mentor, a writer in exile who died The novel actually shows us what under suspicious circumstances. happened to the ilustrado class after Named after the author, the young the grant of independence: they protagonist goes back to his dead came to comprise the new bourgeois mentor’s homeland, which is his own class which dominated the country’s as well, to uncover the truth behind his commerce and politics. Hence, passing, his tumultuous writing career Miguel’s grandfather owned a zipper and personal life. The parallelisms factory and a seat in government, between Syjuco’s lead characters while Crispin’s clan ruled local politics. and Rizal’s own—Crisostomo Ibarra History teaches us an invaluable and Simoun—are undeniable. All lesson about the ilustrado class— characters return from living abroad, despite enlightenment, this social and each character is an extension of class is prone to co-optation by the the other; one is either a disguise, or a emerging ruling class. The ambivalence literary projection of oneself. of this social class, however, precludes In lieu of reiterating themes absolute judgment on the fate of the that Rizal explored, the novel ilustrado. There may be hope just problematizes literature, and its yet, if only the enlightened will dare potency as a tool for social change. to resolve their contradictions and This idea of literature as a catalyst surrender their already slipping grip of change has been inculcated in our on the cruel rungs of social hierarchy. minds, for we have forever credited ● Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo for igniting the References: revolution against the Spanish Constantino, R. (1970). Dissent and occupation. In textbooks, Rizal is Counter-consciousness. Quezon City: often referred to as the man who Malaya Books Inc. Garcellano, E. (2010, July stirred the people’s hearts to revolt Artwork by Ysa Calinawan | Page design by Kel Almazan despite his vehement objection 28). The Ilustrado Revolution. to violent uprisings. Retrieved June 25, 2011, from Syjuco, a fan of Rizal himself, in overhauling a rotten social system. ruminations. Miguel could not fully He had already partaken of colonial http://theworksofedelgarcellano. recalls the national hero in a passage In strange opposition to his commit to environmentalism while education and enjoyed a privileged wordpress.com/2010/07/28/the- pertaining to literature giving rise to own metafiction, the author Syjuco Crispin abandoned the struggle for status: conditions that may be ruined ilustrado-revolution/ concrete action, “[Mutya] said she’d disobeys Crispin’s advice to Miguel social justice and fled to New York. by the drastic changes to be brought been thinking about the dedication to search for ways to become “whole” Like the modern ilustrados, Rizal’s by a bloody revolution. He was chosen Jose Rizal wrote for the Noli Me and instead indulges in fragmentation.­­­ Ibarra and Simoun likewise failed to by the American government as a Tangere…That part about sacrificing Meanwhile, the indecisive nature of fulfill their goal: vengeance for father national symbol because he “never to the truth everything. Death was the two protagonists propelled the and loved one. advocated for independence, nor did nothing if her country was dying.” novel forward and seemingly nowhere. In both novels, heroism and he advocate armed resistance to the Yet, in between lines, readers All of their personal conflicts remain heroic actions are clearly shown to government,” according to Cameron cannot help but doubt literature, and unresolved. Any advocacy that the be informed by class. In the case of Forbes, one of America’s appointed consequently, the ilustrado class two writers attempted to pursue is Rizal, his status as national hero grew governor-generals in the Philippines. advocating the use of the written word eventually reduced to existential from his sentiments as an ilustrado. Hence, when Rizal “repudiated the 14 • Kulê Opinyon Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

JAYSON FAJARDA NEWSCAN Kabilang sa mga nawawala*

Dear Karen, Paumanhin kung naihalintulad ko kamag-anak, kapatid, minamahal. At ang paghihintay namin sa inyo sa mga naghihintay kaming lahat sa inyong Gusto ko sanang simulan ang sulat personal kong isyu. Ngunit alam kong pagbabalik. na ito para sa iyo sa pangungumusta. higit pa rito ang sakit at kahulugan Pero pasibo raw ang paghihintay. Pero paano nga ba sabihin ang salitang nito sa mga matalik mong kaibigan Bahagi ng Higit dito ang walang patid na “kumusta” kung walang kasiguraduhang at sa pamilya mo. Naaalala kita nung paghahanap sa inyo ng inyong 100 Faces of Noynoy masasagot mo ito? Paano ko minsang nagdiskusyon kami ng nanay katawan ang pamilya at ng mga kaibigan at Alay-Sining, a cultural-mass masasabing “sana nasa mabuti kang ko noong napagdesisyunan ko munang kasama natin. Hinahanap nila kayo organization, invites everyone kalagayan” kahit na ilang beses nang iwan ang pag-aaral at magtrabaho. nawala sa sa mga presinto, sa mga kampo, to submit artworks featuring nabalita sa dyaryo’t telebisyon ang Tinanong niya ako kung kailan ko sa ospital, sa sementeryo, sa mga their perceived face of Noynoy. malagim na sinapit ninyo? babalikan ang pag-aaral. “’Pag buo akin kasabay piket, sa mga rali. Lagi’t laging Submissions may be in the form of Tag-ulan din noon nang makarating na po ako uli,” pagdadrama ko. “Baket, umaasa at nagbabakasakali. Dahil paintings, illustrations, comic strips, sa akin ang balita. Nanlamig ang buong nawalan ka ba ng braso?” balik sa akin ng pagkawala ang paghahanap sa inyo ni Sherlyn ay songs, stories, poetry, photographs, katawan ko. Kung anu-anong mga ng nanay ko. Para ngang bahagi ng paghahanap din ng katarungan. short plays, or any other visual or senaryo ang naglaro sa isip ko noon katawan ang nawala sa akin kasabay mo Sa katagalan ng panahon, unti- performed art form, for inclusion na pilit kong winaksi. Maya’t maya ng pagkawala mo: tiwala sa mga tao, unting umaandap ang pag-asang in the exhibit. The deadline is July ang pagtetext ko sa mga kaibigan pag-asa sa batas at hustisya, at isang makita kayong muli. Ngunit ilang araw 15. For questions, contact Amae @ at kasama natin, umaasa sa isang kaibigan. bago ang ika-limang taon ng inyong 09178137145. magandang balita. Limang taon na rin Ibinubukas ko itong liham na para pagkawala, muli kaming nabuhayan ng Placard show pala ang nakalipas. Hindi ko masabing sa iyo sa maraming hindi ka na kilala. loob nang ipag-utos ng Korte Suprema The University of the Philippines kay bilis na dumaan ng panahon Gayunpaman, naikintal na sa mga sa militar na kayo’y ilitaw. At ang pag- (UP) Vargas Museum, in collaboration dahil lagi’t laging kay tagal ang mga memorya nilang mga walang alaala asang ito ang nagtutulak sa amin para with the Concerned Artists of the paghihintay. Maraming nangyari sa mo ang larawan ninyo ni Sherlyn na magpatuloy. Philippines (CAP) and the Ugatlahi amin dito, at marami rin ang gusto kong ipininta sa AS, iyong larawan na dala- Gusto kong ilakip sa pagtatapos Artists Collective, presents Placard: ikwento sa iyo: na pansamantalang dala lagi ni Nanay Coni sa mga rali. ng maikling sulat na ito, ang pag-asang Signs of the Times from July 6 to 25, tumigil ako sa pag-aaral at ngayon Sa kanila, ikaw ay larawan, bilang sa ito, na balang araw malaya mo na rin 2011 at the Vargas Museum basement ay bumalik na ako sa Diliman, na kay stadistika ng mga biktima ng paglabag itong mababasa. and grounds. Placard: Signs of the daming mga bagay nang nawaglit, mga sa karapatang pantao. Sa akin Nagmamahal at nangungulila, Times collects more than a hundred pagkakaibigang nabuo’t nasira, mga ika’y kakilala, kamag-aral, kaibigan, placards produced by visual artists pangarap na naisantabi. Sa kabila ng kasama. Kina Nanay Coni at sa marami Jayson and people’s organizations: signs and lahat, may mga nanatiling hinihintay pang katulad niyang naghahanap, slogans historically used to convey na masaradong kabanata. kayo’y mga anak, magulang, asawa, *pasintabi kay Ricardo Lee messages and calls for social change. Exhibit opens this Wednesday at 4 pm. RICHARD JACOB DY ASSIST Nationwide Photo Competition The Asia Society for Social Improvement and Sustainable Why I’d punch the sheriff too Transformation (ASSIST) has launched a nationwide photo competition on the environment set to run until September 30. Cash prizes and In the age of social networks, we a bloody riot that injured individuals. don’t call laws that force individuals to special gifts await 10 winners behind are used to seeing hashtags such as Certain people were quick to discount vacate contested terrain violent. 10 photographs that show any of the “savages”, “barbaric”, and “uncivilized”, Duterte, for a mistake can never be When choosing whom to call following themes: wonders of nature, which often pertain to “violent” solved by another mistake, according violent, some people take sides environmental destruction, and individuals whose “lack of education” to God knows who. When without looking beyond the obvious. efforts at environmental protection. deprive them of moral virtues like But how can one be diplomatic For some, the Mayor used her fist; she Please visit the Ten Photos to Shake decency, self-control and diplomacy. enough not to punch a man responsible choosing abused her power. the World fanpage on Facebook or When Davao City’s Sara Duterte for more than ten injuries, when it In the spate of demolitions in visit www.assistasia.org for more punched the “powerless” sheriff, who could have been clearly avoided? whom to call Quezon City, particularly in Sitio details. commanded over a demolition team, After helping families whose houses San Roque where the office of Calling all (non-varsity) UP many condemned the act as “savagery,” and lives were affected by devastating violent, some the city mayor stands nearby, the Badminton Enthusiasts! saying it was wrong for a government flash floods in Davao, how can one be residents fought for their homes, but UP Chemical Engineering Society, official to lose temper and publicly calm when you hear news about men people take they received no help from the city Inc. (UP KEM) presents SMASH! embarrass an officer. Many pundits ruthlessly destroying the shanties government. Rarely does it happen 2011, a university – wide badminton agree that the both frowned upon and that hundreds of families, for years, sides without that a government official takes the tournament! Registration is now celebrated incident may cost Duterte call their home? side of the people in demolitions. open! Forms are available at the UP her office, and it could also be a valid For some people, there is only looking Duterte was an exception. She KEM tambayan (3rd floor Melchor ground for her disbarment. one kind of violence. When residents punched the sheriff, and she joined the Hall) and for download at facebook. Thanks to this growing exercise of challenge demolition teams with beyond the violent ones. com/smash2k11. Registration fee posting commentary in social media, stones and sling shots, it seems I would punch the sheriff too, and is at P350, inclusive of a slot in the people went as far as carelessly normal for people to call them “illegal” obvious that makes me a pompous bastard. tournament and a free shirt. 1st, quoting Niccolo Machiavelli’s “the and that they don’t have the right to But I don’t care, especially when all 2nd, 3rd place prizes are at P5000, end justifies the means” to render the protest. Hence, for them, it seems I can think about are the individuals P3000, P1000, respectively. Payment idea of destroying homes acceptable. normal to call them violent. who quickly dismiss Duterte’s punch upon registration! Hurry, limited slots For these people, in exchange of People don’t usually call as violent, and yet see nothing wrong only! For inquiries, please contact a bloodbath, a justified end can demolitions violent, because they with displacing families from their Justine (09156444650) or Marvi be reduced into a beautiful site of all seem necessary and just, even if homes. ● (09352617344). Like us on facebook: 2,000-square meter land. it means forcing individuals to leave facbook.com/smash2k11t People seemed to care less about their homes and forcing people to the fact that Duterte punched the move to unlivable places. In the name sheriff because his impatience led to of “development projects,” people 15 • Kulê Opinyon Martes 5 Hulyo 2011

INBOX TEXTBACK EKSENANG PEYUPS

Karen and Sherlyn, the Challenge of Building Ano sa tingin mo ang meron sa Spratly’s at accompanying the photo. It should have been The High-Falluting Judgment pinag-aagawan ito ng mga bansa? “…Papatak lamang ito ng P59.00 kada kain Day edition Endless deposits of Unobtanium!! 10- (P59/meal)…” and not “P59 kada araw.” We a Church of the People CAUTION: This week’s Esena was not 29617 zee bsgeog. apologize for the error. – Eds) xempre, ano pa nga ba meron sa spratlys ang galing ng Pinoy combo meal s back written with that mirth and whimsy When Jesus Christ was crucified, the people of Israel mourned for the kundi teritoryo? teritoryo = kayamanang page; simple pero direkta ang atake. Maganda you are used to. crucifixion was the same moment the struggle for social change was nailed pambansa, di ba? 2011-13810 rin ang layout ngayon kumpara last yr. 04 I don’t know if it is accurate to on the cross, punished and repressed by the corrupt system of the Jews. And bukod sa strategic location ang spratlys 45720 say, after having written this issue’s with the current situation of the case of Karen Empeño, Sherlyn Cadapan, at iba pang isla s w.phil.sea para s military Sa article na Paano pinasarap ang Eksena, that I still am the same bases, potential dn kc itong tourist spot dhil mapapait na alaala, 3rd paragraph, 2nd immortal trapped in an unworthy along with Manuel Meriño, Prudencio Calubid, Celina Palma, Gloria Soco and sa biodiversity.bukod pa,naniniwala clang may sentence, hindi ba switzerland un s halip Ariel Beloy who have been missing since June 26, 2006, do not these activists oil deposits ung mga isla s spratly, kabilang na sweden? Please verify. 0678752 (We man’s body who facetiousy experience the same persecution Christ had when He fought for sovereignty yung reed bank aka recto bank. Napanood ko checked. The multinational food corporation communicated with you the previous and human rights? dati na kapg naextract ng pinas ang lahat ng oil came from the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk weeks. The current Supreme Court decision is calling for Gen. Jovito Palparan dun,posibleng mbayran ng bansa ang utang n2 company. Swiss refers to Switzerland. –Eds) Well, I woke up this morning from to release the two UP student activists—namely Karen and Sherlyn—on at 2maas ang sahod ng mga manggagawa,etc. Haha! Ngayon lang ulit ako nakabasa ng a nightmare, if you may—it was as 08-12780 bs civil engg Kulê. Funny talaga ng eksenang peyups, glog if the movie 2012 or Transformers 3 the fifth anniversary of their disappearance is not only an expression of the sagot ko sa #1. Kung tama ang glog. Pero bakit wala atang komiks? P.S. Bakit state’s limits in the administration of justice. These two UP student activists pagkakaalala ko, dahil yun sa resources (esp. andaming typo?! Haha, ayusin nio para mas has come true. With that, I was made were abducted in the middle of their field work and integration with the oil) na natagpuan sa Spratlys kaya pinag- masaya. Na-oc-oc ako e. 0651454, bergie:* to think what if there would really be peasants of Hagonoy, Bulacan along with Manuel Meriño. All of them were aagawan ito ng mga bansa. 2011-44548 Syang ung spaces s kule. Masyadong an end of the world or an invasion of believed to be imprisoned in the darkness of the military camps. Beneath Spratlys are billions worth of malaki ung sakop graphics right after the extraterrestrials? Then this Eksena Recently, another activist named Maricon Montajes, a former film major oil and gas reserves. Greed is govt’s best centerfold. Use the spaces wisely. Maraming should be under the control of a very motivation to strut its WWII-era arsenal. 05- isyu n pwedeng gwan ng article. Mas gusto ko contemptuous me first to give THE at the College of Mass Communication in University of the Philippines – 21830 parin ung old style ng kule, mas striking ung Diliman, was arrested in Taysan, Batangas allegedly for being part of the Spratly islands are, somehow, portions mapula. 0911232 Judgment to what the peoples of this armed movement. Maricon went to the depressed areas of Batangas for she of the vast hill of gold, poor Juan dela Cruz Hanga ako sa pagkakasulat ng Paano world have done. knew that her passion for film-making would be irrelevant unless her skills is sitting onto. Sino po b naman ang ayaw ng Pinasasarap ang Mapapait na Alaala sa 2nd Bleeding Hearts. Flirting with people will be developed while serving the toiling masses. golds diba? Neighbors are too observant issue at ito’y lalong nagpalawig sa tunay you barely know is a dangerous The victims of human rights violations are people who have grand about the *bling* and Juan can’t do anything na layunin ng antolohiya ng Nestle na hindi game. What seems like an easy but declare the golds as his own 11-35396 maikakaila sa mga tema nito. Postmodern hook up at first could bite you in the dreams for our society. Apparently, dreaming big for your men is answered Its obvious that the Spratlys are oil-rich nostalgia, ika nga ngunit ang mensaheng by a feudal state with inhumanity. islands. It’s also strategically located in the nakapaloob dito ay tiyak naman na aantig sa ass. Take it from this sophomore What brought the crucifixion of Christ was His courage to build an heart of the ASEAN water borders. The claim mga damdamin ng mga Pilipino. Nice job kule! who learned this lesson when a girl alternative church that would cater the demands and struggles of the of the Philippines is the most justifiable of Arvin Villanueva PUP Sta. Mesa Bachelor in barricaded herself in front of his common man. The only way for us to achieve justice is by also building an all. Tayo ang may pinakamalapit in terms of Political Science. boarding house, refusing to let him alternative system where abduction, enforced disappearances and human Nautical miles. I don’t see the logic kung bakit Article on Nestlé was a good read. pass until he gave her attention. And pati ang China nakikisawsaw sa claim. Shiz However I didn’t like the tone used when the when a girl threatens to cut herself rights violations are not options in the process of understanding the world. lang. 09-35540 ChemEng’g. focus turned to criticism of the way Nestlé Hindi na dapat pang isipin kung ano used their films to advertise themselves. and perform pseudo-ritualistic Reference: Tin Valerio, Chairperson, Student Christian Movement of the ang meron sa Spratlys, manapa ang tingnan Remembering the call of leftist groups to bloodlettings in front of your friends Philippines natin ay ang kalagayan ng dangal ng ating boycott the film anthology, I just want to make and neighbors, you pretty much 879 National Council of Churches in the Philippines Building, EDSA, Quezon City pagkabansa. Kung mangyayaring matatalo the point that criticism in itself is all pretty do what she says until the day she tayo sa laban magiging kahiyahiya tayo sa well (which is why I myself am criticizing) [email protected]/www.scmp.webs.com dumps you and moves on to the next harapan ng ating Pambansang Watawat. Ang but don’t activists use films and other media poor soul foolish enough to try and 09289526973/09068350745/09323523062 atin ay atin gaano man ito kalaki o kaliit! H’wag to promote themselves as well? For me padarag sa mga Intsik-Beho! 00111 BS BAA boycotting film screenings, whatever the compensate for her daddy issues. message, is akin to film censorship. Art, like Against the Flow. Taxis, private Paano mo pinainit ang malamig na human rights, should never be suppressed. Vehicles who drive on the bike lane CONTACT US! Write to us via snail mail or submit a soft copy to Rm. 401 , gabing dala ni Bagyong Egay? 2009-11722 against the Acad Oval traffic are Nagiinit ako through eating rocky road Vinzons Hall, UP Diliman, Quezon City. Email us: [email protected]. Save assholes. If we can’t follow simple Word attachments in Rich Text Format, with INBOX, NEWSCAN or CONTRIB and double dutch ice cream! Kasi nbabadtrip Sagutan ako sa sobrang lamig na panahon kaya To 200851157: malinaw ang article na hindi rules, how then can we develop the in the subject. Always include your full name, address and contact details. tinatapatan ko ito ng mas malamig pa! Kanya nito sinisisi ang mayayamang nakakapasok sa discipline our already flawed society knyang trip lang yan.! Try nyo,effective sya.. UP, sa halip lalo pa nga nitong ipinagpupugay needs? Don’t be a god damned INBOX We welcome questions, constructive criticism, opinions, stands on promise! 10-51566, JEMZ ABEL BS ECON ang kanilang kagalingan, at ipinapaalala hypocrite. Your integrity is worth relevant issues and other reactions. Letters may be edited for brevity or ang sarap magbasa ng kule habang na hindi sa acads natatapos ang ating mga more than the gas you pay for. pinapalamig ng bagyong falcon. for Q2: responsibilities. I can’t see how anyone can clarity. Due to space constraints, letters must have only 400 words or less. Lust, caution. No man can resist a Send the letters to [email protected] pinaiinit ko ang sarili with my fave nesquik find it offensive. 2008-10039 strawberry..and more. :) 2009-53308, mark b, violent call for needless fornication ba j. Panawagan especially when a girl like those sa pamamagitan ng pakikipagututang- mananawagan lang po ako,nawa’y primetime starlets nibbles on laway kay Oble. t0pic namin? 2nd issue ng marapatin niyo:) to 2010-00092, alam kong lagi your earlobe, tugs on your libido. kang ngbabasa ng kule.hopefully mapublish Kule! Sino ba namang hindi mag-iinit sa mga But if you want cheap thrills that nakakaKULEling isyu ng PEYUPINAS nating ‘to at mabasa mo. Walalang. Uso pa namang badly, rather see porn cause like Of all that is written, I love only what a person has written with mahal?! 11-42102 mgtext? Joke. Namiss lang kta, bigtime! Pinapainit ko ang gabi sa pamamagitan swear:) di na rn ngkkrus ang ating mga landas all things that come easily, expect his own blood ng pag-inom ng mainit na gatas, para sakto. dto sa UP e.Ingat ha?:) ~2010-21204, pip:) consequences waiting for you the -Friedrich Nietzsche Kasi nga kapag malamig nakakaantok edi mas morning after especially if this girl madaling makatulog kasinga may gatas.:D Next week’s questions: only slept with you to get back at her 2011 47386 Kapnayan(chem) 1.Kung sasakay ka sa regalong pajero Kami rin. Kaya naman inaanyayahan ang lahat ng interesadong manunulat fratman boyfriend. Dodging vengeful ni GMA sa mga pari, saan mo gusto na mag-alay ng dugo para sa Kule, at pasiglahin ang anemic naming mga fratsmen in between your classes Comments pumunta at bakit? pahina. would make for an interesting concern lang ako sa math ng backpage 2.Sinong mas magaling sa boxing, si Umakyat lamang sa room 401 Vinzons hall, magdala ng 2 bluebook at semester. nyo, may maling value: either yung 5298 or Mayor Sara Duterte o si Cong. Manny ballpen. Mag-exam na para maging bahagi ng Kultura, Feats o News section. 59.00, kasi kung ididivide mo sa 30 days yung Bottomline is, you may enjoy but Pacquiao? Maghanap lamang ng sinumang taga-Kule para makakuha ng exam. :) 5298, ang lalabas ay 176.6 which when divided not all the time... so as this Eksena Kailangan na ng Kule ng bagong dugo. Malay mo, compatible pala sa amin to 5 persons is around 35 pesos and not 11.77. edition shows you. ang blood type mo. EXAM NA!! 06-46928 (There was an error in the caption ILPS Mural International Festival for Peoples’ Rights and Struggles UgatLahi Artist Collective

Diliman, Quezon City July 4, 2011 The BackPage Kulê Martes 5Hulyo 2011 Komix niAlAlarilla