Birds I Jared Verner, Edward C
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Birds I Jared Verner, Edward C. Beedy, Stephen L. Granholm, Lyman V. Ritter, and Edward F. Toth This chapter offers information on the status, distri At least 57 additional bird species have been re bution (by habitat type and seral stage), and basic life ported five or fewer times in the western Sierra Nevada, history for each of 208 species of birds that are found in and these are simply listed as "accidentals" in the section the western Sierra Nevada. Many of the data came from on Rare Species. The accidental list, of course, will never the literature, altl)ough the professional ornithologists be complete, as birds are highly mobile animals that not involved with this project drew upon extensive personal uncommonly turn up well beyond the limits of their experience with birds in the Sierra Nevada. Knowledge of normal range. We see no need to manage our lands with the details of bird life in the western Sierra Nevada is such accidentals in mind. scanty at best. Pertinent data on life histories of many Classification and nomenclature followed here are species simply were unavailable, while for a majority of based on the Checklist of North American Birds (Ameri those species for which data are presented, the studies can Ornithologists' Union Checklist Committee 1957) cited were done somewhere other than in the western and supplements 32 and 33 (A .O. U. Checklist Commit Sierra Nevada. Even assignment of species to habitat tee 1973, ·1976). The species are arranged in phylogene types and seral stages was based less on solid information tic order and numbered in sequence, with the prefix uB", available in the literature, and more on the field experi for purposes of internal cross-referencing and computer ence and judgment of those involved in the project. access coding. Therefore, the information reported here is subject to refinement, correction, and revision. 75 Species List B001 Eared Grebe B025 Hooded Merganser B049 Turkey Podiceps nigricollis Lophodytes cucullatus Meleagris gallopavo B002 Western Grebe B026 Common Merganser B050 Virginia Rail Aechmophorus occidentalis Mergus merganser Rallus limicola B003 Pied-billed Grebe B027 Turkey Vulture B051 American Coot Podilymbus podiceps Cathartes aura Fulica americana B004 Great Blue Heron B028 California Condor B052 Killdeer Ardea herodias Gymnogyps californianus Charadrius vociferus B005 Green Heron B029 White-tailed Kite B053 Common Snipe Butorides striatus Elanus leucurus Capella gallinago B006 Black-crowned Night Heron B030 Goshawk B054 Spotted Sandpiper Nycticorax nycticorax Accipiter gentilis Actitus macularia B007 Whistling Swan B031 Sharp-shinned Hawk B055 American Avocet Olor columbianus Accipiter striatus Recurvirostra americana B008 Canada Goose B032 Cooper's Hawk B056 Wilson's Phalarope Branta canadensis Accipiter cooperi Steganopus tricolor B009 Snow Goose B033 Red-tailed Hawk B057 California Gull Chen caerulescens Buteo jamaicensus Larus californicus B010 Mallard B034 Red-shouldered Hawk B058 Ring-billed Gull Anas platyrhynchos Buteo lineatus Larus delawarensis B011 Pintail B035 Swainson's Hawk B059 Band-tailed Pigeon Anas acuta Buteo swainsoni Columba fasciata B012 Green-winged Teal B036 Golden Eagle B060 Mourning Dove Anas crecca Aquila chrysaetos Zenaida macroura B013 Cinnamon Teal B037 Bald Eagle B061 Roadrunner Anas cyanoptera Haliaeetus leucocephalus Geococcyx californianus B014 American Wigeon B038 Marsh Hawk B062 Barn Owl Anas americana Circus cyaneus T'yto alba B015 Northern Shoveler B039 Osprey B063 Screech Owl Anas clypeata Pandion haliaetus Otus asio B016 Wood Duck B040 Prairie Falcon B064 Flammulated Owl Aix sponsa Falco mexicanus Otus flammeolus B017 Redhead B041 Peregrine Falcon B065 Great Horned Owl Aythya americana Faico peregrinus Bubo virginianus B018 Ring-necked Duck B042 Merlin B066 Pygmy Owl Aythya collaris Falco columbarius Glaucidium gnoma B019 Canvasback B043 American Kestrel B067 Burrowing Owl Aythya valisineria Falco sparverius Athene cunicularia B020 Lesser Scaup B044 Blue Grouse B068 Spotted Owl Aythya affinis Dendragapus obscurus Strix occidentalis B021 Barrow's Goldeneye B045 White-tailed Ptarmigan B069 Great Gray Owl Bucephala islandica Lagopus leucurus Strix nebulosa B022 Bufflehead B046 California Quail B070 Long-eared Owl Bucephala albeola Lophortyx californicus Asio otus B023 Harlequin Duck B047 Mountain Quail B071 Short-eared Owl Histrionicus histrionicus Oreortyx pious Asio flammeus B024 Ruddy Duck B048 Chukar B072 Saw-whet Owl Oxyura jamaicensis Alectoris chukar Aegolius acadicus 76 B073 Poor-will B097 Black Phoebe B122 Bushtit Phalaenoptilus nuttallii Sayornis nigricans Psaltriparus minimus B074 Common Nighthawk B098 Say's Phoebe B123 White-breasted Nuthatch Chordeiles minor Sayornis Bayer Sitta carolinensis B075 Black Swift B099 Willow Flycatcher B124 Red-breasted Nuthatch Cypseloides niger Empidonax traillii Sitta canadensis B076 Vaux's Swift B100 Hammond's Flycatcher B125 Pygmy Nuthatch Chaetura vauxi Empidonax hammondii Sitta pygmaea B077 White-throated Swift B101 Dusky Flycatcher B126 Brown Creeper Aeronautes saxatalis Empidonax oberholseri Certhia familiaris B078 Black-chinned Hummingbird B102 Western Flycatcher B127 Wrentit Archilochus alexandri Empidonax difficilis Chamaea fasciata B079 Anna's Hummingbird B103 Western Wood Pewee B128 Dipper Calypte anna Contopus sordidulus Cinclus mexicanus B080 Allen's Hummingbird B104 Olive-sided Flycatcher B129 Winter Wren Selasphorus Basin Nuttallornis borealis Troglodytes troglodytes B081 Rufous Hummingbird B105 Horned Lark B130 House Wren Selasphorus rufus Eremophila alpestris Troglodytes aedon B082 Calliope Hummingbird B106 Violet-green Swallow B131 Bewick's Wren Stellula calliope T'achycineta thalassina T'hryomanes bewickii B083 Belted Kingfisher B107 Tree Swallow B132 Long-billed Marsh Wren Megaceryle alcyon Iridoprocne bicolor Cistothorus palustris B084 Common Flicker B108 Rough-winged Swallow B133 Cañon Wren Colaptes auratus Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Catherpes mexicanus B085 Pileated Woodpecker B109 Barn Swallow B134 Rock Wren Dryocopus pileatus Hirundo rustica Salpinctes obsoletus B086 Acorn Woodpecker B110 Cliff Swallow B135 Mockingbird Melanerpes formicivorous Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Mimus polyglottos B087 Lewis' Woodpecker B111 Steller's Jay B136 California Thrasher Melanerpes lewis Cyanocitta stelleri T'oxostoma redivivum B088 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker B112 Scrub Jay B137 American Robin Sphyrapicus varius Aphelocoma coerulescens T'urdus migratorius B089 Williamson's Sapsucker B113 Black-billed Magpie B138 Varied Thrush Sphyrapicus thyroideus Pica pica Ixoreus naevius B090 Hairy Woodpecker B114 Yellow-billed Magpie B139 Hermit Thrush Picoides villosus Pica nuttalli Catharus guttata B091 Downy Woodpecker B115 Common Raven B140 Swainson's Thrush Picoides pubescens Corvus corax Catharus ustulata B092 Nuttall's Woodpecker B116 Common Crow B141 Western Bluebird Picoides nuttallii Corvus brachyrhynchos Sialia mexicana B093 White-headed Woodpecker B117 Piñon Jay B142 Mountain Bluebird Picoides albolarvatus Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus Sialia currucoides B094 Black-backed Three-toed B118 Clark's Nutcracker B143 Townsend's Solitaire Woodpecker Nucifraga columbiana Myadestes townsendi Picoides arcticus B119 Mountain Chickadee B144 Blue-gray Gnatcatcher B095 Western Kingbird Parus gambeli Polioptila caerulea T'yrannus verticalis B120 Chestnut-backed Chickadee B145 Golden-crowned Kinglet B096 Ash-throated Flycatcher Parus rufescens Regulus satrapa Myiarchus cinerascens B121 Plain Titmouse B146 Ruby-crowned Kinglet Parus inornatus Regulus calendula 77 B147 Water Pipit B172 Northern Oriole B197 Rufous-crowned Sparrow Anthus spinoletta Icterus galbula Aimophila ruficeps B148 Cedar Waxwing B173 Brewer's Blackbird B198 Black-throated Sparrow Bombycilla cedrorum Euphagus cyanocephalus Amphispiza bilineata B149 Phainopepla B174 Brown-headed Cowbird B199 Sage Sparrow Phainopepla nitens Molothrus ater Amphispiza belli B150 Loggerhead Shrike B175 Western Tanager B200 Dark-eyed junco Lanius ludovicianus Piranga ludoviciana Junco hyemalis B151 Starling B176 Black-headed Grosbeak B201 Chipping Sparrow Sturnus vulgaris Pheucticus melanocephalus Spizella passerine B152 Hutton's Vireo B177 Blue Grosbeak B202 Brewer's Sparrow Vireo huttoni Guiraca caerulea Spizella breweri B153 Bell's Vireo B178 Lazuli Bunting B203 Black-chinned Sparrow Vireo bellii Passerina amoena Spizella atrogularis B154 Solitary Vireo B179 Evening Grosbeak B204 White-crowned Sparrow Vireo solitarius Hesperiphona vespertina Zonotrichia leucophrys B155 Warbling Vireo B180 Purple Finch B205 Golden-crowned Sparrow Vireo gilvus Carpodacus purpureus Zonotrichia atricapilla B156 Orange-crowned Warbler B181 Cassin's Finch B206 Fox Sparrow Vermivora celata Carpodacus cassinii Passerella iliaca B157 Nashville Warbler B182 House Finch B207 Lincoln's Sparrow Vermivora ruficapilla Carpodacus mexicanus Melospiza lincolnii B158 Yellow Warbler B183 Pine Grosbeak B208 Song Sparrow Dendroica petechia Pinicola enucleator Melospiza melodic B159 Yellow-rumped Warbler B184 Gray-crowned Rosy Finch Dendroica coronata Leucosticte tephrocotis B160 Black-throated Gray Warbler B185 Pine Siskin Dendroica nigrescens Carduelis pinus B161 Townsend's Warbler B186 American Goldfinch Dendroica townsendi Carduelis tristis B162 Hermit Warbler B187 Lesser Goldfinch Dendroica occidentalis Carduelis psaltria B163 MacGillivray's Warbler B188 Lawrence's Goldfinch Oporornis tolmiei Carduelis lawrencei B164 Common Yellowthroat B189 Red Crossbill Geothlypis