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Airman Tuskegee - Custis Lemuel

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Welcome to Cedar Hill’s World of Art, Culture, History and Natural Beauty Discover Explore EXPERIENCE Cedar Hill: An American Rural Cemetery Jacob Weidenmann: Landscape Architect Cedar Hill’s Historic Entranceway Established in 1864, Cedar Hill Cemetery is Jacob Weidenmann served as Cedar Northam Memorial Chapel an American rural cemetery encompassing 270 Hill’s landscape architect and first Designed by noted Hartford architect George acres on the south side of Hartford. During the superintendent. In the forefront Keller, the Northam Memorial Chapel was built American rural cemetery movement, it was of the landscape architecture in 1882 with funds provided by Colonel Charles thought that any cemetery could meet the needs profession, Weidenmann’s H. Northam. While used as a chapel for many of the deceased, however, the rural cemetery Hartford commissions include years, it went into disuse in the mid-1900s. In was intended to satisfy the needs of the living. Bushnell Park, the gardens at the 1999, the Cemetery fully restored the Chapel, The American rural cemetery was seen as “a Jacob Weidenmann Butler-McCook home, and the and it now houses Cedar Hill’s business offices. vast temple to the transcendent being where the grounds at The Institute of Living. The Gallup Memorial Gateway visitor senses the eminence of God in nature.” Familiar with the rural cemetery movement, With funds given by Hartford resident Julia Developed after the establishment of several Weidenmann’s design innovations at Cedar Hill Gallup, George Keller designed the Gallup rural cemeteries, Cedar Hill is in many ways the marked the beginning of his national Memorial Gateway in 1888 to complement the culmination of the American rural cemetery prominence in this field. architectural style of the Chapel. The wrought- movement incorporating many of the best ideas While Cedar Hill’s landscape incorporates the iron entryway gates are flanked by two buildings. and concepts. best features of earlier prototypes such as drives One building served as the Cemetery’s original Established by a private Board of Directors, following the natural sweep of the terrain in a offices while the second was the Waiting Room, Cedar Hill Cemetery is a non-sectarian cemetery. graceful, curving manner, it also includes several which provided a place for visitors to dust off Cedar Hill continues to be governed by a private features unique in rural cemetery design. The from their horse and carriage rides prior to a Board of Directors and is not affiliated with any burial plots are smaller than those of its funeral service. religious institution. contemporaries and not always contiguous. This arrangement allows for plantings in the spaces Cedar Hill Crematory between the lots and creates vistas unbroken by Built in 1983, the façade of the Cedar Hill hedges or curbing. Crematory was originally the entrance to the Cemetery’s receiving vault, which has since been Perhaps the most impressive feature of Cedar removed. The Hartford Architecture Conservancy Hill's landscape is the 65-acres of ornamental acknowledged the preservation of the historic foreground, which effectively secludes the burial façade with a merit award. sections of the Cemetery from the roadway. The beauty of the foreground is enhanced by Llyn Mawr the historic entranceway, which includes the Llyn Mawr, meaning “Great Lake,” is located on 1875 Superintendent’s Cottage, Northam the left of the entryway drive. The cremation Memorial Chapel, entryway gates and scattering grounds are located along the east View of Cedar Hill Cemetery from Maple Avenue accompanying granite buildings. bank of Llyn Mawr.

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S n io 3 n 2 28 E S ec tio Se n 2 ctio 9 n 27 Cedar Hill Cemetery’s Self-Sge uide Notables Tour Sec Sec ctio tion tio n 2 Section 1 31 n 24 3 Section 10 S

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c t 2 Se i 1 c o t (Q) George Capewell (1843-1919) (A) Joseph Hopkins Twichell (1838-1918) ion S n n 25 ec W o 3 t i S S i t

0 e e c o George Capewell developed and perfected the means to Joseph Hopkins Twichell served as the pastor of Asylum c t c i n

X e ti on o 1 S n 26 21 Hill Congregational Church for 47 years. He was also Y Section 5 make horseshoe nails by machine and established the 1 S 14 13 1 ec Capewell Horseshoe Nail Company in Hartford. To this Samuel Clemen’s (A.K.A. Mark Twain’s) close friend and on V n tio ti io n ec t 22 S c officiated at his wedding, christened his children and spoke e U day, Hartford remains the Horseshoe Nail Capital of the S T R S S ect ion at his funeral. In his book A Tramp Abroad, Mark Twain Sec S 20 world. A tio e n c t 1 Q S i

based Harris’s character on Twichell. 0 o e

n c (R) Katharine “Kit” Houghton Hepburn (1878-1951)

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wo 9 o n n (B) Morgan Gardner Bulkeley (1837-1922) C od Sectio Kit Hepburn was extremely active in the women’s rights Se 1 H ct S 8 io D ec While serving as the Company’s president, Morgan n 1 t movement. She actively advocated for women to have the E G io F n 1 Gardner Bulkeley played an integral role in transforming S 6 right to vote as well as to have access to birth control. S ect e io S

c n S I S Life Insurance into a national, multi-line insurance t 2 e i e In 1916, she took an active role in the American Birth

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M c 7 senator and governor of , during which he a lo N 6 Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Kit had us se Sec M ol d tion 4 earned himself the nickname the “Crowbar Governor.” In eu m Secti six children the second oldest of which was famed G on 17 M arde addition, Bulkeley was the first president of the National au n 9 actress Katharine Hepburn. sol 1 eu n m o League and was elected posthumously into the P ti c (R) Katharine Houghton Hepburn (1907-2003) e Baseball Hall of Fame. S Katharine Hepburn made 44 feature films. She received (C) General Griffin A. Stedman (1838-1864) Orn amental 12 Best Actress Oscar nominations and holds the record Fo A Hartford native and Trinity College graduate, Griffin reground for most wins with four. (Meryl Streep holds the record Stedman attained the rank of General as he lay dying for most Best Actress nominations.) In 1991, Hepburn from a gunshot wound at the Battle of Petersburg during Llyn published her autobiography, Me: Stories of My Life, and the Civil War. Stedman’s sober monument includes a in 1994 starred in her last feature film, Love Affair. Mawr granite rendition of his regimental cap, sword and belt (S) James G. Batterson (1823-1901) laying atop the U.S. flag. F James Batterson founded Travelers Insurance Company AI RF and was president of New England Granite Works. He IE Section 2 LD invented a lathe that turned out polished columns and is AV E Cremato credited with constructing the National Monument at (D) George Beach (1788-1860) NU ry E Gettysburg, the statue in Central Richard Upjohn designed both the Connecticut State Parking Park (), Hartford’s State Capitol, and the Capitol and the Beach monument - notice the similarity in Samuel and Elizabeth Colt memorial at Cedar Hill the cupolas. The marble relief carvings on each side of ry Office mete Cemetery. the monument are scenes from the Passion. Through his En Ce nce trance Entra business Beach & Co., George Beach manufactured dye (T) Henry Keney (1806-1894) & stuffs, dyed wools, oils and chemicals. Section 4 Walter Keney (1808-1889) (E) Samuel Colt (1814-1862) & (K) John Hooker (1816-1901) & Successful Hartford businessmen, the Keney brothers Elizabeth Colt (1826-1905) Isabella Beecher Hooker (1822-1907) donated the land for Keney Park as well as erected the Keney Clock Tower. The Clock Tower is considered Samuel Colt was the inventor of the Colt multi-round John Hooker was a descendant of Thomas Hooker, unique because it was built in memory of the Keney’s revolver and founder of Colt’s Patent Fire-Arms Hartford’s founder. His wife, Isabella Beecher, was the mother, Rebecca, whose only noted achievement was Manufacturing Company in Hartford. His wife, Elizabeth, half-sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe and a prominent being a good mother. erected the stately pink granite, Egyptian-style memorial women’s rights advocate. Their colonial table-top style shortly after the establishment of Cedar Hill Cemetery. monument is certainly a reminder that the Hookers were an (U) Reverend James Goodwin (1865-1917) & The angel atop the monument, Angel Gabriel, was original founding family. Reverend Francis Goodwin (1839-1923) designed by noted sculptor Randolph Rogers. Elizabeth (L) Charles K. Hamilton (1885-1914) For decades, James and Francis Goodwin, brothers and disinterred Samuel and their four children from their ordained ministers, were active in both the spiritual and Recognized as being one of the first barnstormers of his private family cemetery at their Armsmear estate and had commercial life of Hartford. Francis, in particular, is day, Charles K. Hamilton is credited with taking the first them reinterred at Cedar Hill Cemetery when their only remembered as Hartford’s City Parks Commissioner at child to live to adulthood, Caldwell, died in 1894. nighttime flight, taking the first arial photographs and the end of the 19th century and was responsible for the accomplishing the first military reconnaissance mission by (F) The Rt. Rev. Thomas C. Brownell (1799-1866) substantial growth of the Hartford park system. plane. Rt. Rev. Brownell was the Presiding Episcopal Bishop of the and founder of Trinity College. His (M) Horace Wells (1815-1848) Section 11 monument, which neighbors the Colt’s, features a A Hartford dentist, Horace Wells discovered the use of (V) John Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) Christianized allegorical female holding a cross. nitrous oxide as an anesthetic. Wells died at the age of 33 J.P. Morgan was one of America’s most prominent (G) Pliney Jewell (1797-1869) and was posthumously recognized for his achievement. The financiers and bankers. In fact, in 1895 President Grover Founder of the Jewell Belting Company in Hartford, imagery on the family memorial, erected by his son and Cleveland contacted Morgan explaining that the Federal Pliney Jewell manufactured leather belting and modified sculpted by Louis Potter, recognizes Wells’s achievement. Treasury was nearly out of gold. In response, Morgan the way in which factories worked by using belting to (N) James Terry (1844-1912) made an arrangement for Wall Street to supply the U.S. transmit steam power in place of costly and cumbersome Treasury with $65 million in gold. Hartford architect James Terry, Jr. was born in Terryville, Connecticut and was systems of gearing. Colt was one of Jewell’s early George Keller was commissioned to design the Morgan customers and effectively used the belting system to help the great-grandson of clockmaker Eli Terry. James Terry’s memorial, which was J.P. Morgan’s vision of the Ark of establish the armory’s prominence. Carl Conrads, chief father founded the Eagle Lock Company in Terryville. After the Covenant. A smaller version of the memorial was designer for New England Granite Works, designed this working for the Eagle Lock Company for several years, erected for the Pierpont family at Mount Auburn bronze figure carrying an anchor, which symbolizes hope. James Terry, Jr. resigned from his position to follow his Cemetery in Cambridge, Mass. dream of becoming an anthropologist. In his search to study early man, Terry travelled to each state and territory Section 3 in North America at least once - many two or three times - Section 12 (H) Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (1787-1851) and his wife, Elmira, was the first female tourist to Alaska. (W) Edwin Denison Morgan (1811-1883) Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet founded the American School Edwin Denison Morgan was the Governor of New York for the Deaf in 1817 - the first institution in North (1859-1862) and a U.S. Senator (1863-1869). He was also America dedicated to educating the deaf. In 1864, his son Section 5 the first and longest serving chairman of the Republican th Edward established the first college for the deaf, which is (O) Mark Howard (1817-1887) National Committee. Morgan commissioned noted 19 now Gallaudet University in Washington, DC. century sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens to design a Mark Howard was a prominent figure in the insurance (H) William Baxter Closson (1848-1926) sculpture to adorn the top of his mausoleum. The industry. His pink-granite pyramid is one of the most William Baxter Closson was an engraver, printmaker and resulting design was three angels standing at the base of impressive and photographed memorials at Cedar Hill and oil painter. He worked with some of the leading artists of a Greek cross, which would have resulted in the its extensive symbolism only adds to its impressiveness. his time and received awards at the Paris Exposition of mausoleum standing 40-feet tall. One night in 1883, the The inverted torches flanking the doorway signify life 1889, the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in shed in which the marble piece was being sculpted at extinguished, the three steps symbolize the Trinity, the 1893, and the Graphic Arts Exposition in Vienna in 1901. Cedar Hill went up in flames destroying the work. With butterflies on the steps symbolize resurrection, and the Closson was a member of numerous art academies, no more funds, the project was abandoned. Angel at the doorway is waiting to lead the deceased including the Connecticut Academy of Fine Arts, where (X) Gilbert F. Heublein (1849-1937) he exhibited his works. He married Grace Gallaudet of through the gates of heaven. Hartford and is buried in the Gallaudet lot. The highly successful Heublein operation included the (I) George Woodward (1816-1866) Heublein Hotel in Hartford, the development and distribution of bottled cocktails, and the distribution of George Woodward’s brownstone memorial recognizes his Section 7 A-1 Steak Sauce and Smirnoff Vodka to the United importance to Cedar Hill with the inscription: “The first (P) Jacob Weidenmann (1829-1893) burial in this cemetery.” Woodward was buried on July States. Heublein was one of the largest food and spirits 17, 1866. Jacob Weidenmann was Cedar Hill’s landscape architect and providers prior to its association with R.J. Reynolds. (J) Gideon Welles (1802-1878) first superintendent. His many commissions include (Y) George A. Long (1869-1958) Born in Glastonbury, Connecticut, Welles served as Hartford’s Bushnell Park, the gardens at the historic George Long was president of the Gray Telephone Pay Abraham Lincoln’s Secretary of the Navy. He was with Butler-McCook House, and the grounds at what is now The Station Company. The founder of the Gray Telephone Lincoln when he died and showed his support for abolition Institute of Living. In 2007, Cedar Hill Cemetery Pay Station Company, William Gray, is credited with by employing former slaves. One of these employees, Foundation published a book by author Rudy Favretti about designing the first pay telephone, which he installed in a Henry Green, is buried in the Welles lot. Jacob Weidenmann’s life and accomplishments. bank in Hartford, Connecticut in 1889.