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DEFENSIVE AND COMPETITIVE BIDDING LEADS AND SIGNALS W B F (Style: Responses: 1 / 2 Level; Reopening) OPENING LEADS STYLE 1 Level 8-14 Pts 5+ card ,Responses new suit Forcing , Support 3+ Lead In Partner’s Suit CATEGORY: i.e. Green / Blue / Red / HUM / : card 7-10 Pts , Forcing , Jump pre-emptive,1Nt 8-10 , 2nt 11-13 2Level 12 -15 5+ card , Responses are as 1 Level opening Suit 3 or 4 Best Low indicates honor , MUD NCBO: on 3 Card, High Low on 2 Cards Re-opening is NT 4 th Best Top Of Nothing , Low PLAYERS: RAVI BHAT & HUMAYUN SUMAR indicates interest Subseq EVENT (Open/Women/Senior/Transnational) Other:

1NT (2nd/4th Live; Responses; Reopening) LEADS SYSTEM SUMMARY 2ND Position 15 -17 Pts Balanced – Responses are if Lead Vs. Suit Vs. NT opener has bid majors , Normal Nt response if opener has Bid Minor 4Th Postion Direct 15-17 Pts Responses as above, 12 -14 Pts if Ace May Have K Promises King , Partner to GENERAL APPROACH AND STYLE Opener is LHO and responses are natural and constructive , show count or drop Honor King Promises Q , or KX Promises Q 5 Card Major , Strong NT , Queen Promises J Promises J Jack No Higher Honor , Promises No Higher Honor , Promises 10 or Is Jx doubleton 10 , or Jx Doubleton JUMP OVERCALLS (Style; Responses; Unusual NT) 10 2 Honors above or 10x 2 Honors above or 10x JUMP Overcalls is Weak , Responses are similar to weak opening 9 Top Of Nothing or 9x Top of nothing bids

3C jump overcall after 1 Level Bid Is shows 9 cards in Hi-X Doubleton Doubleton top Two Suits

2NT after 1 Level bid by opponent is GHESTEM shows 9 Cards in Lo-X Min 3 cards Min 3 cards lower Suits Reopen: SIGNALS IN ORDER OF PRIORITY DIRECT & JUMP CUE BIDS (Style; Response; Reopen) Partner’s Lead Declarer’s Lead Discarding SPECIAL BIDS THAT MAY REQUIRE DEFENSE 1 High Interest Count Leventhal 2D Opening is 5H , 4S 10-15 pts Direct Cue –Bid Is GHESTEM shows Top and Bottom of Un bid Suit 2 Low 3 Cards or Low no interest GHESTEM – Over Opponent 1 Level Bid , Cue Bid is Top And Suits Switch Bottom of Unbid Suits 5-4 min 8-15 Pts , 2Nt is Bottom Two Jump Cue Bid --- Long Solid Minor with stoppers in other Two suits Unbid Suits 5-4 , 8-15 Pts, 3C is Top Two Of Unbid Suits 8-15 ,Partner To bid 3NT with a stopper in Bid Suit , or else 4C or 5 C Pts pass or correct in Minors 3 Leaping Micheals – Over 2H or 2S , 4C is clubs and other Major 9 card 12+ Points , 4D is Diamond and other Major 12 + Points 1 High - Interest Smith Echo Leventhal VS. NT (vs. Strong/Weak; Reopening;PH) NT 2 Count if other suit is Low no interest in intended to be discarded suit established VS Strong No ---- RAISES 3 Low no interest or switch VS WEAK NoTrump ---CAPPELLETI Signals (including Trumps): RE-OPENING – Balancing 10-13 HCP TRUMP ECHO-- , look for rough or unusual SMITH ECHO—On partner Lead in NT ,High Low In Declarer First Played Suit Indicates interest In Partner Lead suit

DOUBLES

VS.PREEMTS (Doubles; Cue-bids; Jumps; NT Bids) TAKEOUT DOUBLES (Style; Responses; Reopening) Double—Take out upto 4S level TAKE OUT DOUBLES Cue- Bids , Strong Takeout or asking for stopper in opponent bid suit RESPONSES Jumps – On Two Level Major by opponent , Jump in is 4 NEW Suit – Less than 9 HCP , 4+ Cards, 1S can be 3 Cards + card in minor and 5+ Card In Other Major 10+ HCP-- LEAPING Cheapest NT – 8-10 HCP, Jump In NT 11-12 HCP, 3NT To PLAY MICHEAL , JUMP SUIT – 9+ HCP 4+ Card in Bid Suit is Forcing All Other Jump is pre-emptive NT Bids – To Play showing strong balanced 16-18 HCP FURTHER RESPONSES Defence against Micheal Cue Bid ,Or JUMP suit bid Below 2NT New Suit By Take Out Doubler is strong 16+ HCP 5+ Card, Cue bid is a) Opponent Known Major is a strong raise in Partner Bid asking for stopper , Other bids are competitive or invitational Major 4+ card 8+ HCP RE-OPENING is take out in Un Bid Suits b) 2NT Bid –Lebensohl Type Responses c) New Minor Strong with 5+ card in the Bid Minor d) Raise In Partner Major -4 Card 5To 8 HCP Defence Against Two suit Take out See Notes ( Unusual over unusual )

VS. ARTIFICIAL STRONG OPENINGS- i.e. 1. or 2. SPECIAL SEQUENCES VS 1C – SPECIAL, ARTIFICIAL & COMPETITIVE DBLS/RDLS Forcing Pass – Is used to suggest strong values , shortness or a) Double shows Diamonds , control in opponent suit , asks partner to bid On b) Transfer to next suit for Other suits i.e 1D for H, 1H for Spades, and 1S for clubs , c) 1NT -9 Cards in Minor d) 2C – Clubs & Hearts 9 Cards e) 2D – Diamonds & Hearts 9 Cards f) 2H – Hearts & Spades g) 2S – Spades and Minor 2C-- Natural Doubles—Suggest Penalty or Losers in Opponent Bid Suits

RE-DOUBLES—Shows first or second round controls or To Play in the bid Suit OVER OPPONENTS’ –ONLY IN SLAM CONTRACTS IMPORTANT NOTES RE- DOUBLE Suggests Penalty , 8+ HCP 1)---BLACKWOOD , Key Card , Double Key Card , Exclusion New Suit Bid is Forcing Blackwood , MINORWOOD ( Minor suits bid and supported and Suit suggested by opponent if bid by responder is invitational raise of at Four Level is , responses are same as Key Card partner suit Black Wood ) Direct Raises of partner suit is weak 3 card support 2)----On Opponent Two suit Take out of Partner bid , Jump Bid of Partner is 4 card Support max 9 Pts Lower Suit strong support of Partner Suit 10 + HCP 1 NT is 8-10 Higher Suit – Strong 10+ HCP in the unbid suit + Support in 2nt is 11-12 Partner Suit Unbid Suit – Natural 6+ Cards non Forcing Raise In Partner suit – 3 + Card Support 8-10 HCP, 3)----- – After opening bid and Partner new suit , Double of opponent Suit shows 3 Card support to partner suit 4)---After 1C or 1D opening , and partner response of new suit , NT shows ( DOES NOT DENY 4 CARD UNBID MAJOR ) , and new Suit by opener shows UNBALANCED HAND , Guarantees either a 5 Card in Opener suit or 4-4-4-1 Distribution 5)--- INVERTED MINOR Responses after 1Cor 1D Opening , and 2C or 2D further responses are 2H – Balanced Hand 11-14 HCP 2S – 17-19 HCP 2NT – 5 Card Minor 11-14 HCP All 3Level bids shows 6 card minor +4 Card in bid Suit range 11+ 3NT—5 Card in minor 17-19 HCP Balanced

PSYCHICS: NEVER

COMPETITIVE & PASSED DESCRIPTION RESPONSES SUBSEQUENT ACTION TICK IF TICK HAND BIDDING OPENING ARTIFICIAL MIN. NO. OF CARDS NEG.DBL THRU

1. 2 4S 11 to 19 Pts 1 Level –4+ Cards , 6+ pts , natural4 + Cards 16 -19 Pts , 2Nt 18- Natural 1Nt 8- 10 Pts 19 Pts , Jump Raise strong , Splinter Strong , 2C inverted minor ,SEE NOTES 3NT to play— 2Nt 11 -13 Pts , NOTE : 1C-1H/1S -3D – Shows 6C& 4H/4S, 2 Level suit bids are pre-emptive 6+ cards and 1D-1H/1S-3C , Shows 6D& 4H/4S 3C is 6 card club 6 -9 pts,3C , 2C is Check back stayman after a bid major 3D,3H , 3S is splinter 11+ pts , by responder 3NT to Play , SEE NOTES #4 – To show Balanced , Un 4 C is invitational balanced Hands 1 4 4S 11 To 19 Pts 1 Level major 4 + cards , Reverse Natural 4+ cards , 16 to 19 Pts, 2Nt Natural –5 + card 1NT 8 To 10 , 18-19, Jump Raise strong , Splinter strong, 2C game force , 3Nt to play- 2D Inverted Minor , SEE NOTES NOTE: Lowest shows 6 Card 2H,2S, 3C 6 cards 6 -9 pts, strong opening + 4 Card fit, 2NT- 11 -13 Pts , 2C by responder is check back stayman after 3D 6 Cards 6-9 Pts, a major bid 3H , 3S , 4C splinter 11+ , SEE NOTES # 4 – To Show Balanced , Un 3NT – To Play balanced Hands 4D invitational

1 5 4S 11 -19 pts 1S 4+ card , 1NT FORCING for 1 Round , Reverse Natural 4 + cards 16-19 pts , 2NT 5+ cards , responses are drury 2C , 2DNatural Game Forcing 4+ cards 11+ pts , strong 17-19 Pts , Jump raise strong , Splinter See Below Drury Responses 2H- 3 Card Support 8-10 pts , 2S 6+ 6-9 Pts Strong , 4Nt Blackwood. 2NT Bergen style raise 4 + card support , 12 + pts , AFTER 3C Bergen style , 3D By opener is a 3C Bergen style 4 + card support 8-11 Pts with a relay asking responder to nominate Singleton singleton , or 3D Bergen Style Raise 8-11 balanced , 3H 4+ card After Bergen Rebid of Major Shows min support 6-8 Pts , Value Opening Hand and is invitational , all 3S , 4C , 4D splinter 12+ pts, other Bids are constructive 3NT 4Card support 14-15 Pts Balanced 3-4-3-3 SHORT SUIT TRIAL BID—After 1H -2H , 4H to play , new suit bid shows shortness in partner suit 4NT Blackwood , 5C , 5D –Exclusion Blackwood, and 5NT LONG SUIT TRIAL BID – After 1H -2H , Note – Bergen style or Forcing NT Response by Responder to Relay 3C , New Suit Bid by Responder Still applicable after Passed Hand Opener is Natural and game Try

1 5 4S 11-19 Pts 1NT Forcing for 1 Round, 2C , 2D, 2H Game SAME AS ABOVE 5+ card Responses are Drury forcing 4+ cards 11+ Pts , 2S 3 Card support 8-10 After 2C , Pts, 2D – shows less than opening , 2NT Bergen Style raise 4+ card support 12 =pts , and all other bids are constructive 3C Bergen style 4+ card support 8-11 points with a with 12 + pts singleton , 3D Bergen Style 4+card support 8-11 Pts Balanced 3H 6+ hearts 6-9 Pts , 3S 4+card Support 6-8 Pts , 3Nt 4 Card support 14 -15 pts Balanced 4-3-3-3,4C 4D , 4H Splinter 4=Card 12+ points , 4S –to play , 4Nt Black wood , 5C , 5D, 5 H exclusion Black wood , 5NT Grand slam force Note – Bergen style Response or Forcing 1 NT response still applicable by responder even if passed Hand INT 4S 15 -17 Balanced , can have a --2C Stayman ,( can be non- forcing if 4-4-4-1or 4- On Transfer-- Jump 4+ card Max hand , 2NT 1NT Direct seat strong 15-17, singleton honor 4 in Majors ) , 3Card Support with 2 Honors Max Hand, Balancing seat 12-14 -- 2D , 2H ,Transfer , 2S Transfer for both minors , Extended Stayman by RESPONDER RESPONSES—are same as NT if --2Nt invitational 8-9 Pts , 1NT -2C – 2D -3C is slam force , responses opponent opened a minor , Or -- 3C , 3D 6 card Strong suit 6 to 8 Pts , by opener Lebensohl style if opponent -- 4C Geber , 3D – Opener Has 5 Card Minor opened a major -- 4D , 4H transfer to next suit 3H—Opener has 3-2-4-4 Distribution -- 4Nt Quantitative to Small Slam 5NT 3S –Opener Has 2-3-4-4 Distribution Quantitative to grand slam 3N -3-3-3 with one four card minor --TRANSFER – Limits Hand to 11 PTS INT-2C -2H or 2S -3C --SMOLEN RESPONSES 3D –has a 4 card Minor After 2C by Responder and 2D by opener 3H or 3S shows declared major as 5 Cards --- 2S – 5 + cards S + 4 Card H and 11-15 HCP 3N -3-3-3 with Declared 4 Card Major --- 3H = 5+ card H +4 Card S -11-15 HCP RESPONDER After Transfer , New Suit is --AFTER Transfer , jump in other Major shows 4 4+ card in Bid suit and Max 11 HCP Card in Transferred Suit + 6 cards in Jumped Major 8-11 HCP

2. YES 4S Artificial Strong 22+ or 8- ½ 2D—0-7 Pts , 2H , 2S , 3C , 3D –5 Card Suit 8+ Pts Suit bid is 5+ card forcing for one round , Natural 5 Card suit 12+ points or playing Tricks ,3H , 3S , 4C 4D is 6 card suit 2 top Honor 8+ Responder makes a second negative with 6 Card Suit 10-12 pts Points, 4H , 4S , 5C , 5D is Top 3 Honor 8+ Points, cheapest minor after responding 2D , or bids 2NT -8-13 Balanced cheapest NT with 4 to 7 Points

2 YES 5H +4S 4S Flannery 11-15 pts 2NT forcing asking for 3 card or 4 Card in minor, Responder Takes control Natural 5 Card suit 12+ points or 2H /2S is minimum to be passed , 3H or 3 S is 6 Card Suit 10=Points invitational , 4h /4S to play . New Minor Nonforcing

2 6 4S 8-10 Pts , cannot have 4 S 2NT -- OGUST- On New Suit Bid by responder , Opener Natural 6+ cards Pre-emptive Responses are responses are 3C – Poor suit Poor Hand Raise – 3 Card Support 3D- , Good Hand Poor Suit Cue bid – Promises 3 Card support and 3H—Good Suit Poor Hand singleton in Bid suit.& good opening suit 3S –Good Suit Good Hand RESPONDER Takes Control 3NT --- AKQ in bid suit New Siut is forcing for 1 Round , Raise is invitational Four Bid To play

2 6 4S 8-10 Pts cannot have 4 H SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE

2NT NA 20-22 PTS Balanced can have 5 Responses Black wood ,5 Key Card Blackwood, 2NT JUMP OVERCALL is Take Card Suit 3C PUPPET STAYMAN Responder After Transfer , new Suit Bid out to TWO LOWER BID 3D / 3H/3S—Transfer to the next suit Shows 4 + card in Bid Suit 8 + HCP SUITS 3NT – To Play On PUPPET STAYMAN- Openers bid 3D 4C – Gerber when has one or Two Majors , Bids 3 of 4D – Transfer to H Major with 5 Cards , Bids 3NT with no Major 4H – Transfer to S Responder On 3D by Opener – Bids the 4S – Transfer to Minors major he does not have at 3 Level , Bids 4C 4NT – Quantitative to 6NT with both Majors less than 7 HCP , Bids 4D 5 NT – Quantitative to 7 NT with both Majors 8 + HCP 3. 7 4S 8-10 Pre-emptive New Suit Bid By Responder Is one Round Forcing New Suit bid by responder , opener 3C JUMP OVERCALL IS TAKE ,( Strong Suit 12 = Points ) Raises with 3 Card Support OUT TO BOTH MAJORS Single Raise is invitational Cuebids Singleton with 3card support 3Nt Is to pLay Rebids own suit with 2 or less card support 4Nt Is Key Card Black wood to responder Game bid – is shut bid 3 7 4S SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE 7 + Cards 8 -10 PTS 3 7 4S SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE 7+ Cards 8-10 Pts 3 7 SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE SAME AS ABOVE 7 + Cards 8-10 Pts

3NT 4S Strong Long Minor With At 4C – very weak Hand Asks opener to PASS or least TWO OTHER SUITS CORRECT STOPPED

4. YES 7 H 4S 7 + Hearts 13-16 Points, 4D with 3+ Controls , or bids 4H as sign off Re-Bids 4H with no slam interest , or bids 7 + Card CLUBS , Pre-emptive Has 9 Potential winners -- singleton for slam interest better Hand 4 YES 7S 4S 7+ Spades—Same As Above 4H with 3+ controls or bids 4S as Sign off Rebids 4S With No Slam interest or bids 7 + Card Diamonds , pre-emptive NAMYATS Singleton with Slam interest Better Hand 4 7 + H 4S 7 + Hearts weaker than 4C Responder Takes control with Strong Hand , 7 + Card Heart Pre-emptive Opening—Pre-Emptive 4NT is Key Card Black wood New Suit Is Signoff – Opener only raises with 3 Card support 4 7+ S Same As Above Same As Above 7+ Spades and pre-emptive 4NT Strong Undescribed Hand Black Wood Response Take out to Minors Direct Black wood 5. 7 To Play 8or 9 Tricks— Raise to 6 With Two aces HIGH LEVEL BIDDING PREEMPTIVE 5 7 Same As Above Same As Above High Level Bidding is Pre-emptive 5 NA NA 5 NA NA