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Papiliograptus Retimarginatus N. Sp., a New Retiolitid (Graptolithina)

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Papiliograptus Retimarginatus N. Sp., a New Retiolitid (Graptolithina) comptes rendus palevol 2021 20 12 DIRECTEURS DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTORS : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Étienne Ghys, Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF / EDITORS-IN-CHIEF : Michel Laurin (CNRS), Philippe Taquet (Académie des sciences) ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Adeline Lopes (Académie des sciences ; [email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Fariza Sissi (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle; [email protected]) RÉDACTEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS (*, took charge of the editorial process of the article/a pris en charge le suivi éditorial de l’article) : Micropaléontologie/Micropalaeontology Maria Rose Petrizzo (Università di Milano, Milano) Paléobotanique/Palaeobotany Cyrille Prestianni (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels) Métazoaires/Metazoa Annalisa Ferretti* (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena) Paléoichthyologie/Palaeoichthyology Philippe Janvier (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Académie des sciences, Paris) Amniotes du Mésozoïque/Mesozoic amniotes Hans-Dieter Sues (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington) Tortues/Turtles Juliana Sterli (CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew) Lépidosauromorphes/Lepidosauromorphs Hussam Zaher (Universidade de São Paulo) Oiseaux/Birds Éric Buffetaut (CNRS, École Normale Supérieure, Paris) Paléomammalogie (mammifères de moyenne et grande taille)/Palaeomammalogy (large and mid-sized mammals) Lorenzo Rook (Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze) Paléomammalogie (petits mammifères sauf Euarchontoglires)/Palaeomammalogy (small mammals except for Euarchontoglires) Robert Asher (Cambridge University, Cambridge) Paléomammalogie (Euarchontoglires)/Palaeomammalogy (Euarchontoglires) K. Christopher Beard (University of Kansas, Lawrence) Paléoanthropologie/Palaeoanthropology Roberto Macchiarelli (Université de Poitiers, Poitiers) Archéologie préhistorique/Prehistoric archaeology Marcel Otte (Université de Liège, Liège) COUVERTURE / COVER : SEM pictures of holotype of Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp. Photo: Anna Kozłowska, Institute of Paleobiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland. Comptes Rendus Palevol est indexé dans / Comptes Rendus Palevol is indexed by: - Cambridge Scientific Abstracts - Current Contents® Physical - Chemical, and Earth Sciences® - ISI Alerting Services® - Geoabstracts, Geobase, Georef, Inspec, Pascal - Science Citation Index®, Science Citation Index Expanded® - Scopus®. Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Comptes Rendus Palevol sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Comptes Rendus Palevol are registered on: - ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Comptes Rendus Palevol est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris et l’Académie des sciences, Paris Comptes Rendus Palevol is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris and the Académie des sciences, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. L’Académie des sciences publie aussi / The Académie des sciences also publishes: Comptes Rendus Mathématique, Comptes Rendus Physique, Comptes Rendus Mécanique, Comptes Rendus Chimie, Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Comptes Rendus Biologies. Diffusion - Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 - 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr Académie des sciences, Institut de France, 23 quai de Conti, 75006 Paris. © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle / © Académie des sciences, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1631-0683/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1777-571X Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp., a new retiolitid (Graptolithina) from the praedeubeli/deubeli Biozone (upper Homerian, Wenlock, Silurian), the recovery phase after the lundgreni Extinction Event Anna KOZŁOWSKA Institute of Paleobiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa (Poland) [email protected] (corresponding author) Denis BATES Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth (United Kingdom) Submitted on 5 November 2019 | Accepted on 18 March 2020 | Published on 22 March 2021 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6FCD1C79-A0BC-4C6A-97F2-5727E5FFECD7 Kozłowska A. & Bates D. 2021. — Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp., a new retiolitid (Graptolithina) from the prae- deubeli/deubeli Biozone (upper Homerian, Wenlock, Silurian), the recovery phase after the lundgreni Extinction Event. Comptes Rendus Palevol 20 (12): 199-206. https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a12 ABSTRACT Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp. is reported from the praedeubeli/deubeli Biozone, upper Homerian KEY WORDS (Silurian) of the Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core of Poland, Baltica. It is the second species of the genus Graptolithina, Retiolitidae, Papiliograptus Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2002, belonging to the new retiolitid fauna of the Silurian, recovery period after the lundgreni Extinction Event. Two characteristic features of the new retiolitid Baltica, fauna are the development of a geniculum and singular or paired genicular structures. The new form Papiliograptus, genicular structures, has extremely wide, singular, reticulated genicular processes. It is suggested that these structures may new species. have been an adaptation to prevent the planktonic colony from sinking in the water column. RÉSUMÉ Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp., un nouveau rétiolitidé (Graptolithina) de la biozone à predeubeli/deu- beli (Homérien supérieur, Wenlock, Silurien), phase de récupération après l’événement d’extinction lundgreni. On rapporte une nouvelle espèce de Papiliograptus Lenz & Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 2002, la seconde appartenant à ce genre, de la biozone à praedubeli/deubeli (Silurien, Homérien supérieur) du forage MOTS CLÉS de Bartoszyce IG-1 (Pologne, paléo-continent de Baltica). Papiliograptus retimarginatus n. sp. appar- Graptolithina, Retiolitidae, tient à la faune de rétiolitidés s’étant reconstituée après l’extinction liée à l’événement lundgreni. Les Silurien, membres de cette faune se caractérisent par le développement du géniculum et des structures géni- Baltica, culaires paires. Chez l’espèce décrite ici, les dimensions d’un processus géniculaire unique sont parti- Papiliograptus, structures géniculaires, culièrement grandes. De telles structures accessoires larges chez les rétiolitidés étaient des adaptations espèce nouvelle. servant à empêcher l’engloutissement de la colonie au mode de vie planctonique dans la masse d’eau. COMPTES RENDUS PALEVOL • 2021 • 20 (12) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum et/and Académie des sciences, Paris. www.cr-palevol.fr 199 Kozłowska A. & Bates D. INTRODUCTION The rock samples from the Bartoszyce IG-1 drill core were treated with 10-30% hydrochloric acid solution. A fine hair- The planktonic graptolites evolved from benthic Cambrian brush was used to pick and transfer specimens. Sediment not ancestors, and flourished in the Ordovician and Silurian, dissolved was partly removed using 5-15% HF. The specimens becoming one of the most important components of the were imaged with a Philips XL scanning electron microscope marine zoo-plankton around the world. They were colonial and light microscope. organisms living in a housing built of separate secreted tubes, The material is stored in glycerin in plastic containers or the thecae, forming tubaria. The thecae were built by zooids, on SEM stubs. Specimens are deposited at the Institute of presumably similar to their recent relatives, the Pterobranchia Paleobiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland under (Kozłowski 1949; Mitchell et al. 2013). They presumably fed catalogue number ZPAL G.62. on micro-plankton, filtering it using a pair of lophophores, A single juvenile specimen (MBg 1092; JM 59) from a feathery arms, similar to those in their recent benthic rela- glacial boulder, Hiddensee, Rügen Island, northern Germany tives, the Pterobranchia. was originally identified as Retiolites (Plectograptus) retimargi- One of the most interesting groups of biserial graptolites natus by Hermann Jaeger (Maletz 2010). The specimen is not is the Silurian retiolitids. Their tubaria were built by strong included in the type series as it was obtained from a glacial rod-like bandaged lists and incrementally deposited con- erratic, but is important to understand the construction of tinuous fusellar membranes, usually not preserved (Bates & the tubarium of this species. Kirk 1992, 1997). The tubaria are unique also in possessing The terminology for retiolitid graptolites followsBates an outer layer, the ancora sleeve, being a prolongation of the et al. (2005) and Lenz et al. (2018). The term tubarium is used ancora umbrella (Bates et al. 2005). in the paper, as well as in some of our former papers, instead At least two lineages of retiolitids survived the lundgreni of the former term rhabdosome, used in the new edition of Extinction Event in the late Homerian, and subsequently the Treatise of Invertebrate Palaeontology (Maletz et al. 2014). re-diversified. The generaGothograptus Frech, 1897 and This term is also used in all Pterobranchia (recent
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