Hwaseong Fortress and Jultagi Experience
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HWASEONGHWASEONG FORTRESSFORTRESS ANDAND JULTAGIJULTAGI EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE ExploringExploring thethe UNESCOUNESCO WorldWorld HeritageHeritage inin KoreaKorea SCHEDULE � September 21 SAT � TIME DETAILS REMARKS 08:30 • Meeting and Departure Korea Tourism Organization (Seoul Center) 08:30 ~ 09:20 • Seoul → Traditional Jultagi Preservation Society • Tourist interpreter schedule guide • Pre-materials distribution 09:20 ~ 10:00 • Tracking 10:00 ~ 12:00 • Jultagi, tightrope walking experience UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity 12:00 ~ 12:40 • Traditional Jultagi Preservation Society → Shinhwa Food Village 12:40 ~ 13:40 • Lunch Marinated grilled Korean pork and leaf wraps and rice 13:40 ~ 14:00 • Shinhwa Food Village → Hwaseong Fortress Archery Experience Center 14:00 ~ 15:00 • Archery(Gukgung) Experience 15:00 ~ 17:00 • Yeonmudae Post, Banghwasuryujeong, UNESCO World Heritage Hwaseong Haenggung Palace • Cultural interpretor guide • Group photo 17:00 ~ 18:00 • Hwaseong Fortress → KTO Seoul Center - 2 - - 3 - 줄타기 (Jultagi, Tightrope Walking) Tightrope walking is a widespread form of entertainment that in most countries focuses purely on acrobatic skill. The traditional Korean performing art of Jultagi is distinctive in that it is accompanied by music and witty dialogue between the tightrope walker and an earthbound clown. Jultagi is performed outside. The tightrope walker executes a variety of acrobatic feats on the rope, along with jokes, mimicry, songs and dance, while a clown engages the tightrope walker in joking banter, and a team of musicians plays music to accompany the entertainment. The tightrope walker starts with simpler feats, gradually moving to more difficult acrobatics, displaying some forty different rope techniques in a performance that can last several hours. Today, tightrope walking performers are frequently invited to local festivals that take place throughout the country, particularly in spring and autumn. Currently, transmission of tightrope walking in Korea is centred on the Jultagi Safeguarding Association in Gyeonggi Province. There are two types of training: apprenticeship education where masters educate practitioners and take on students, and public education which takes various forms such as school training, experience classes and summer camps. - 4 - - 5 - 수원화성 (Hwaseong Fortress) Hwaseong Fortress is an impressive structure from the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) and the official fortress of Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do. The fortress, constructed from 1794 to 1796, was built as a display of King Jeongjo’s filial piety towards his father and to build a new pioneer city with its own economic power. - 6 - The fortress wall stretches for a total of 5.52km and has a great variety of military facilities that are hard to find anywhere else. Four gates face each of the cardinal directions—Janganmun (north), Paldalmun (south), Changnyongmun (east), and Hwaseomun (west)—and the seven-arch style Sumun gates straddle the point where the nearby stream reaches the palace. Above the Sumun gates is a pavilion called Hwahongmun. Hwaseong Fortress was constructed under the guidance of Yu Hyeong-Won (1622-1673) and Jeong Yak-Yong (1762-1836), and is believed to have been constructed very scientifically. The fortress wall was built using Seokjae and Jeondol (bricks) and the holes between the bricks are just big enough to fire guns, arrows, or long spears through in case of an attack. During construction of the fortress Jeong Yak-Yong invented ‘Geojunggi,’ which uses a ‘hwalcha’ (lever) to lift up heavy stones, greatly reducing construction time. The Suwon Hwaseong Fortress went through many turbulent times and damage, and in the battle of June 25th, many of the facilities became so damaged that they were deemed irreparable. Even though the fortress restoration initiative (1975-1979) restored many of the sites to their former glory, Paldalmun to Dongnamgakru (an area 491 meters in length) has still not been renovated. The fortress was designated as Historic Site No. 3 in January 1963, and in December 1997, it was designated a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site. A variety of performances and events are held at the fortress every day and Suwon Hwaseong Cultural Festival takes place here in autumn. - 7 - Hwaseong Fortress is an impressive structure from the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) and the official fortress of Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do. The fortress, constructed from 1794 to 1796, was built as a display of King Jeongjo’s filial piety towards his father and to build a new pioneer city with its own economic power. - 8 - - 9 - 화성행궁 (Hwaseong Haenggung Palace) Haenggung is a palace located outside of Seoul where king used to stay when he traveled, at war times, or when he visited tombs. Haenggung can be classified into three types depending on the uses. There were some haenggungs built and used by kings during war times to avoid attacks of enemy troops and to continue to run the country. The Ganghwa Haenggung, the Uiju Haenggung, and the Gwangjubu Haenggung in the Namhan Sanseong Fortress, etc. belong to that category. The Onyang Haenggung was built for the king's rest at the hot spring there, and had been favored by many subsequent kings since King Sejong first used it. And the Hwaseong Haenggung was the temporary palace where King Jeongjo stayed while he visited his father's tomb near it. 국궁 (Gukgung ‒ Korean Archery) - 10 - Gukgung is the traditional Korean martial art of shooting an arrow to hit the target. The bow was the most powerful weapon of the 15th century of Joseon. Koreans have been known throughout history as a people skilled with the bow. The bow was the most important and excellent weapon of Korea. It considered a tool for training the mind and character of seonbi scholars. The bow was not only handled with great skill, but also created in Korea with the world's most advanced techniques. Gakgung is a traditional Korean bow. The most important advantage of the Gakgung was its long shooting distance. Compare to other bows, the Korean bow has 140 meters range, which is 2 to 3 times longer than other bows. While foreign bows are not bent even halfway to fit the bowstring, Korean bowstrings are fitted after the bow is twisted backward. The power is great. This is why Korean arrows are stronger and fly farther. Gakgung is created by human hands for 4-5 months. Croaker fish glue, an adhesive made from drying and boiling the air bladder of a croaker fish, is a strong and flexible adhesive that used to make Gakgung. It makes easy to use the bow while keeping the pieces tightly bind together. Other main materials used to create gakgung are water buffalo horn, mulberry, oak, bamboo, birch bark, and cow tendon. With the horn as a base, 4 types of wood come together to create the body of the Gakgung. Cow tendon makes Gakgung more elastic overall. This is why Gakgung do not break even when bent all the way around. A Gakgung requires perfect harmony between animal and plant materials, as well as devotion and time. - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - 문화체육관광부 Ministry of Culture,Sports and Tourism.