THE INSTITUTE MO THLY

For: Ma.y : 1914 Published By The West Colored Institute ~THE - · INSTITUTE · MON HLY II "Entered as second-class matter January 29,1914, at the post office at Institute, , under the Act of March 3, 1879. VOLUME VI NUMBER VII DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE WEST VIRGINIA COLORED INSTITUTE 25 Cents the Scholastic Year 5 Cents Per Copy

Contents for May, 1914

PAGE

Editorials . 4

Morrill Day Celebration and Banquet 5

A Letter from Hon. William Seymour Edwards 7

EXPENSES LOW Mdme Anita Patti Brown in a Song Recital A Letter from Mr. J. F. Marsh 9

Practical Farmers the Pioneers in Establishing the Agricult-

ural Colleges 10

FOR FURTHER Institute Notes 15 INFORMATION, 16 WRITE Hiawatha HON. M. P. SHAWKEY,Charleston, W. Va. or N. B. Communications for publication should be given or sent to the Editor, PROF. BYRD PRILLERMAN, or Managing Editor. All news will reach these columns through the Editors Institute, W. Va. EDITOR BYRD PRILLERMAN MANAGING EDITOR S. H. Guss BUSI ESS MANAGER C. E. MITCHELL THE I STITUTE MONTHLY 5

thrift and industry are affecting Department of the School, and the masses among whom its grad- this part of the function, from be- uates toil. ginning to end, compared favor- We earnestly hope for the day to ably with that of caterers of ex- come, that its influence will be the perience. EDITORIALS most powerful influence in the Mr. A. W. Curtis, director of S ate or ation, outside of the Agriculture, and prime mover in church, for social uplift, for prac- this worthy club, is to be commend- The MONTHLYrejoices to learn of the work than most any other tical citizenship, for racial harmo- ed for the energy displayed in that an effort was made, at a recent force that could be considered ny. keeping alive an interest in agri- The Monthly wishes the work meeting of the heads of two Negro • culture in this manner. God speed. State Schools, at the Bluefield Col- Following are the program and The West Virginia Colored In- ored Institute, to standardize the Morrill Day Celebration and menu for the day's functions. The stitute maintains no special depart- work of the Negro State Schools. Banquet different toasts were responded to ment for the promotion of We only hope that this preliminary April 14, By The Morrill Agricultural Club. fittingly. Toast master Cunning- community uplift. Provisions meeting, will be the forerunner of ham, kept things cheerful by his have not been made for the placing other meetings at which such plans The special program presented humorous introductions of the of any field agents to carryon shall be completed. by the Morrill Agricultural Club different ones. school extension ideas, and yet, if There were also present at this of the West Virginia Colored In- President Prillerman presided the assertions of school board mem- meeting principals from four of the stitute, the second in the history over the exercises of the day. bers school trustees, superintend- leading public schools of the South- of the club, by far exceeded in PROGRAM ern end of the State. ents preachers and businessmen are quality its initial effort. The to be creditde, the school is acquir- Toastmaster Mr. A. B. Cunningham The MONTHLYtakes much com- choice of subjects for each partici- ing a greater name from the activity We\come Mr. B. T. Clark fort from such a conference; be- pant on the program show sensible its graduates and ex-students are Response Miss Amanda Gamble cause we realize that the best re- adaptation. To the Ladies P. L. Kinkaid showing along the above-lines. sults will accrue to the purpose for Mr George E. Hubbs, supervisor Response Mrs. D. B. Curtis This knowledge has been very which the convention was called. of examinations in the State Sup- Song M. A. Club encouraging to the management Toast-Farmer's Creed J. C. Taylor Such a plan was suggested in erintendent's office was the feature of the school. The patrons .have Morrill Agricultural Club Mr. S. H. Guss these columns two years or more orator of the occasion. He spoke begun to feel in no uncertain de- Toast-Country Boy's Creed . ago, and we stand now, as we did in an encouragiug manner. . Mr. N. A. Murray gree that the school is fulfilling then, that the conference of the The speeches of the student Domestic Science Miss Mary Eubank the purpose of its founders. It is heads of the state schools, partial agriculturists were well chosen. Agricultural Dept Mr. A. W. Curtis answering the requirements of Remarks President Prillerman state schools, and principals of the The club was host to a number practical citizenship in a manner leading schools of the state would of teachers at its second annual MENU do more to harmonize educational that no other system of education banquet in the evening. The Fruit Juice Punch differences, eradicate misunder- in West Virginia is doing. Insid- menu and service was in the full standings, standardize the work of Grape Fruit With Maraschino uously almost, its doctrines of charge of the Domestic Science Cream Potatoes Soup and Crackers the schools, and raise the quality clean living, economy, character, 6 THE INSTITUTE MO THLY

Butter Fish Sweet pickle Mashed Potatoes Garnished With Parsley Asparagus Salad With French Ores ing Lamb Chops With Peas Sherbert Cake Rolls and Butter Salted Almond. Olives Celery Derni Tasse

THE PROGRA:lf '. ~., Ij Singing' "America" Prayer ALEIIER Essay "Soy Beans Grown on Institute Farm" J. M. Ballard. FROM HON. WILLIAM SEYMOUN. EDWARDS Oration' Dairying in West Virginia" F. H. Marshal "The Miller Woofng" Chorus Johns Hopkins Hospital: Essay "Agricultural Resources and Possibilities in W. Va." Baltimore, Md., • O. C. Young April 30, 1914. Oration "Why Educate a Farmer" To the Editor of the B. T. Clark INSTITUTE MONTHLY. Declamation "Mans Relation to Animals" E. G. Cunningham Dear Sir: 'Lord of the Harve: t" School I ordered through Messrs S. S. Moore & CO'1 Charleston, a picture Oration "Back to the Farm" re-producing the famous bas-releif which adorns Common in J. S. Letman Massachussetts, known as the "Shaw Memorial", depicting Colonel Oration "The Irnportanee of Agriculture" Shaw riding at the head of his famous egro regiment which he led Jas. Lipscomb so valiantly to battle and in which battle the prowess of the Negro in Oration "Justin H. Morrill" defending the flag was revealed to an astonished world. It is a great A. B. Cunningham piece of sculpture by St. Gaudens, I believe, and this reproduction of "Hymn of the West Virginians" If/Ill .• '>e)'l1lO1iY Edu/ards Address By Mr. George E. Hubbs it is a very fine thing, and I think you should have it at Institute to Supervisor of Examinations, Charleston, W. Va. inspire the young men under your teaching with the heroism of their School Song j. lJfcHellry foues forefathers. I would like you to present it to the Institute at the Commence. ment in May, and while I am not well enough to be with you at that time, you will be able to say to the young men and women whom you are instructing that I always take a deep interest in the progress and Success of your institution. Always faithfully yours William Seymour Edwards. THE INSTITTTTE MONTHLY 9

(b) Autumn E. Nevin (c) In the Gloaming MR. DON W. JONES 6. (a) Villanelle Del Acqua (b) Hush a Bye Bond MDME. ANITA PATTI BROWN (c) Supposing Bischoff Heard In Song Recital, April 17 MADAME BROWN 7. African Dance No. IV (Violin) (b) African Dance No. II The faculty, student body of the difficult movements were executed S. Coleridge-Taylor school and citizens of the vicinity MR. DON W. JONES with a dash, finish a tunefulness 8. (a) Romanza (Aida) Verdi and of Charleston, listened to that rendered them generally (b) Po Lil Lamb Bond Mdme Anita Patti Brown of Chica- pleasing. (c) Synnove Song Kjerulf go in a Song recital Friday night, Mdme Brown was ably assisted (d) Coming Through the Rye of the 17th inst. by Mrs Elizabeth Murray Mitchel, MADAME BROWN Mdme Brown had come heralded our teacher of music, as accom- Accompa1list, MRS. E. M. MITCHELL as one of the most accomplished panist, and Mr. Don W. Jones, singers of the race. Her recital our printing instructor and band left no doubt in the minds of her master, with several violin selec- audience, that she was a very tune- tions. ful and expressive musician. The singer was heartily encored A glance at the appended pro- and responded with fervor at dif- gram will show that the character A LETTER FROM MR. J. F. MARSH ferent times. of songs selected were such as to show to her audience, the vaned Mr. Jones was the receiver of To the Editor of the styles of the vocalists technique. much merited applause. Her shading and phrasing of Following is the program: INSTITUTE MONTHLY. 1. Dear Sir: Scherzo (Violin and Piano) Mendelssohn MR. DON W. JONES I wish to congratulate you upon the appearance and contents of 2. (a) Chanson Provencale Del Acqua your summer school announcement. The printing department de- (b) Swanee River serves much credit for this piece of work. (c) Daddy's Sweetheart Bond Very truly yours, MADAME BROWN J. F. Marsh, 3. (a) Canzona Bohm Sec'y. State Board of Regents Charleston, W. Va. (b) Sarabande Bohm MR. DON W. JONE 4. Mad Scene, Lucia Di Lammermoor Donizetti MADAME BROWN 5. (a) Theme and Variations No. V. (Violin) Dancla THE r STrT TE MO THLY 11

the common people". As Dr. Thompson said: "This new educational reform sprang, not from the educational philosophers or the profess- ional teachers, but from the rank and file of the people themselves." Mr. Morrill's bill was first passed in the House of Representatives by a vote of 105 to 100 on April 22, 1858, the first session of the Thir- ty-lith Congress. During the second session of this Congress, on Feb- ruary 7, 1859, the bill passed in Senate by a vote of 25 to 22. Nine PRACTICAL FARMERS days later the Home agreed to the Senate amendments to the bill. On THE PIONEERS IN ESTABLISHING February 24, 1859, President Buchanan sent his veto to the House of Representatives. This veto was based on the belief that the time was THE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES inopportune, the possible effect on the relations between the Federal and State Governments, the effect on existing institutions, doubt as to There had- been much agitation for agricultural colleges prior to whether it would actually promote the advancement of agriculture, and 1858, especially in , Massachusetts, and Connecticut, and the the contention that Congress could not appropriate money for educa- coustitution of the State of Michigan, adopted in 1850, made provision tion in the States, hence its aid by means of land grant was of doubt- for an agricultural school or college, which opened in 1857. The Farm- ful constitutionality. . ers' High School of Pennsylvania (now Pennsylvania State College) was THE MORRILLACT OF 1862. incorporated in 1854 and opened for students in 1859. In 1856 the leg- islature of Maryland incorporated the Maryland Agricultural College, In December, 1861, Mr. Morrill introduced in the House of Repre- and in that year lh. ~d!rshall F. ~ ilder, d Na~~ad.us€tt£, cbtair.ed sentatives his amended bill which granted 30,000 acres of land for each from the legislature of his State a charter of "the trustees of the Mass- Member of Congress for the establishment of colleges in each of the achusetts School of Agriculture." States, and , 1862, Senator Benjamin Wade, of , introduced a similar bill in the Senate. Mr. Morrill's bill was reported adversely THE MORRILLBILL-1858. in the House by the Committee on Public Lands, but was passed by It has not been possible, however, to determine just what particu- the Senate June 10, and nine days later by the House. President lar influence was most operative in inducing Senator Morrill, then a Lincoln made the bill a law by affixing his signature July 2, 1862. member of the House of Representatives, in 1858 to introduce and The Morrill Act granted no moneys, but lands from the Federal domain, press his measure for education in agriculture and the mechanic arts, as mentioned above, the amount being apportioned in accordance with but he was guided and supported in this by a considerable number of the representation. practical men who were actively identified with agriculture. Second Jlft)7Till Ad-As the organization of the land-grant colleges In a historical address on the Influence of the Morrill Act Upon proceeded and the system of technical education in agriculture and American Higher Education (delivered at the semicentennial exercises other industries was elaborated, it became evident to Mr. Morrill and in 1912),President W. O. Thompson, of Ohio, developed the fact, as a other friends of industrial education that the income derived from the result of his historical studies, that" in the great agricultural States land-grant funds, even when supplemented by liberal contributions- this movement was born and cherished among the progressive aud from the States and other sources, was inadequate to the demands for prosperous farmers in the several communities." He showed this by modern collegiate instruction in such lines. The need of supplemental numerous references to the reports of agricultural societies and meet- appropriation by the Federal Goverment was strongly presented by the ings the country over. There was a widespread movement for a pract- ical type of education which should relate more directly to the every day 12 THE INSTITUTE MONTHLY THE INSTItUTE MONTHLY 13 agricultural colleges, and especially by their representatives in the Asso- .ciation of American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations. agricultural experimentation and investigation, to furnish the basis for Mr. Morrill (then Senator) accordingly introduced a bill appropri- the teaching of agriculture in science and practice. The experience of ating to each State and Territory (out of funds arising from the sale of Europe in establishing experiment stations for that purpose was eagerly public lands) for the more complete endowment and maintenance of col- followed an I the investigations of individuals like Liebig in leges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts, established and Boussingault in and Lawes and Gilbert at Rothamsted, Eng- under the act of 1862, the sum of $15,000 for the year ending June 30, land, were widely quoted in the classroom, at agricultural meetings, 1890, and an annual increase of the amount of such appropriation for an I in the public press. Experimental work was inaugurated at several 10 years thereafter by an additional sum of $1,000 over the preceding of the agricultural colleges and an experiment station was provided in year the appropriation at the end of the 10 years to continue at $25,000 Connecticnt in 1875, with an annual State appropriation. Other States annually. followed, the rapid introduction of commercial fertilizers and the need This bill was passed and received the approval of President Harrison for inspection lending impetus for the movement. It soon becan e August 30,1890. Under this act the Secretary of the Interior is charged evident, however, that the results of experiment station work were not with the administration of the law. re stricted to State biun Iarie , but that many of them were of nation-wide NELSON AMENDMENT FOR 1908. application, and that agricultural investigation needed fostering to an extent which could not be provided for by State funds. Under the impetus of the second Morrill Act agricultural education A convention delegates from the agricultural colleges met at Wash- in the colleges developed rapidly and with it came demands for insti- ington in 1883 and discussed and indorsed the project for the establish- tutions of school grade. The demands on the agricultural colleges for ment of experiment stati ns in ccnnection with the colleges, in leadership in a variety of lines of work, and especially in matters relat- accordance with the terms of a bill already introduced in the House d ing to the development of all forms of agricultural teaching, emphasized Representatives by Hon. C. C. Carpenter of Iowa. The measure, how- the need of further appropriation, attention to which was called by the ever, failed of sufficient support and it was not put upon its passage president and administration officers of the agricultural colleges, special In 1885 a convention of agricultural colleges and experiment stations emphassis being laid on the necessity for preparation of teachers in ag- met at , urged the necessity for national aid for investig rtion riculture. and experimentation, and indorsed the Cullen bill introduced in the Accordingly, Senator Knute Nelson introduced an amendment to previous Congress bill was similar in its general provisions to the bill the agricultural appropriation bill of the Department of Agriculture for afterwards passed by Congress, now populary know as the Hatch Act. the fiscal year ending June 30, 1908, providing an additional appropria- At the next session of Congress Hon. William H. Hatch, of Miss- tion out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated of ouri, introduced a bill for providing an annaul appropriation cf U5,CCO $5,000 for the fisal year 1908, and an annual increase of the amount by to each State and Territory out of funds proceeding from the sale of $5.000 over the preceding year for four years the amount thereafter to public lands for the establishment ancl maintenance of an agricultural be $25,000 in addition to that carried by the second Morrill Act. The experiment station, as a department of the grant colleges estal lish- amendment contained the provision" that said colleges may use a por- land- ed under the act of 1862. The Commitee on Agriculture made a favor- tion of this money for providing courses for the special preparation of able report on this bill in March, 1886, and nearly a year later it was instructors for teaching the elements of agricultrue and mechanic arts." passed by Congress and was approved by President Cleveland March HATCH ACT OF 1887. 2, 1882. The work of the agricultural colleges early developed the need for ADAMS ACT OF 1906. Once the confidence of the agricultural people in the ability ( f the 14 THE INSTITUTE MO THLY THE INSTITUTE MONTHLY 15 experiment station to aid them was. secured, the demands ~pon the ~ta- Mr. DeWitt Meadow's school at tions became enormous· Information of immediate practical applica- Around the Institute tion was particularly. desired, with the result that the funds and the N uttallburg. President has ac- cepted invitations to speak at the time of the station employees became quite largely absorbed in study- Miss Mable Reynods of Penn- clossng exercises of the high school ing somewhat local questions and working out by the simpler forms of sylvania and Mr. William Ferguson at Keystone, April 24th, and at the experiments questions relating to the culture and fertilizing of crofs, of West Virginia have been selected closing exercises of the schcol at the comparative value of feeds for live stock, the control of injurious to represent the West Virginia Col- Boomer, May 6th. insects and plant diseases, etc. The inadequacy of the appropriation ored Institute in the declamatory Prospects are bright for good under the Hatch Act, although quite liberally supported by State ap- interschool contest to be held at the attendance at the Summer School. propriations, became widely apparent. The necessity of more thor- Garnett High School in Charleston, oughgoing investigations which should reveal the principles underly- Several teachers have signified April 10th. their intention to be present.' ing agriculture and solve in a more definite and final way the many Delbert M. Prill erman, Class of State Superintendent of Free problems growing out of it was emphasized by experiment-station men 1909, has creditably passed his sec- Schools has approved a definite ar- generally and by the Association of American Agricultural Colleges ond term's work in the freshman rangement whereby teachers may and Experiment ·Stations. class of the Michigan Agricultural receive diplomas for a certain a- Hon. Henry Cullen Adams, of Wisconsin, who had followed closely College, Lansing, Mich. mount of work done in the Sum- the work of the experiment stations, notably that of the station in his A play, "In the Line of Duty", mer School. All teachers interest- own State, became so much impressed with this need that he introduced was given under the auspices of the ed in this matter should write a bill to provide an increased annual appropiation of $15,000 a year, be- Young Men's Christian Association President Byrd Prillerman for fur- ginning with $5,000 in the fiscal year 1906 and increasing by $2,000 an- Friday evening, April 3rd. It was ther information. nually until the amount reached $15,000, the amount thereafter to be highly entertaining from begin- On March 25, the Alpha Bible paid under the Hatch Act and the Adams Act to be $30,000 annually to ning to end. The Association is Class finished the series of exami- be each State and Territory. trying to send a delegate to the nations offered by the Department This bill limited the expenditures to the necessary expenses of con- Conference to be held in Atlanta, of Teacher Training for the W. ductoriginal researches or experiments' and placed the administration Ga.,in May. Va. Sunday School Association, under Secratary of Agriculture. This bill passed Congress and was ap- proved March 16, 1906. Members of the Institute staff and the following from the Class are in great demand as speakers at have been notified of their success: - ~Veek(yNews Letter fa Crop Co,respondents, school closings this spring. Prof. Misses M. E. Eubank, and C. Ruth S. H. Guss spoke at the closing Campbell, head of the Domestic exercises of Miss Eva Parker's Science and teacher of Cooking school at Wake Forrest, Mr. Alonzo respectively, Minnie Wilson, Cath- C. Ellis at the closing of Mr. John erine Gamble, Mozetta Page, Branch's school at Marshes, Willa Townsend, Esther Grandi- Raleigh County, where Prof. A. W son, and Mr. Turner Dixie. Curtis conducted a Farmers' Insi- Mr. H. D. Clark Supt. of the tute; and President Prillerman association will present diplomas spoke at the closing exercises of to each at a Commencement exer- 16 THE INS TIT UTE 1\10 NTH L Y cise to be held in the near future. the first and second honor eligibles Miss Eubank and Mr. Dixie are respectively.

Hiawatha well, gave the indian dances and scenes bordering upon the realis- The juvenile department of the tic, and were costumed in a man- School, under the management of ner befitting the parts, Miss Garnett Harris, a member of Mr. Walter Clarkson as Hiwatha the Senior Normal Class of 1914, was highly commended for the presented a dramatization of Long- manner in which he rendered his fellow's Hiawatha Friday night the lines. 2nd inst, in Chapel. Quite a tidy sum, was realize}! Visitors from Charleston and the from. the admission fee charged .. vicinity were present and all 'de- Miss . Harris was cordially clared the play very enjoyable. thanked fo~ the evenings pleasure. The children read' their lines -'-' .

T .•:)