International Journal of Animal and veterinary Advances 4(3): 221-224, 2012 ISSN: 2041-2908 © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2012 Submitted: May 04, 2012 Accepted: May 29, 2012 Published: June 15, 2012

Plants of Ethno-Veterinary Uses of Tunglai Mountain ,

1Mazhar ul Islam, 2Zubair Anwar, 2Sobia Tabassum, 3Siraj Ahmed Khan, 1Afia Chand Zeb, 4Muhammad Abrar, Khalid Usman Khattak and 2Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak 1Department of Botany, , Mansehra 2Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 3Al-Saud-Almadaj Trading Group, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 4Molecular Diagnostic Lab, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan 5Department of Chemistary, Hazara University, Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan

Abstract: A total of 30 plants species were collected which are used for ethnovetinary purposes. Out of 30 plant species, belongs to 24 different families, among which 12 are tree, 13 annual herbs, 1 perennial herb and 4 shrubs. Plant specimens collected, identified, preserved and mounted were deposited in the Herbarium of Hazara University Mansehra, for future references.

Keywords: Ethnobotanical, herbarium, pharmacological

INTRODUCTION al., 2006). Ahmad (2007) recorded the medicinal uses Union Council Baffa is situated in District like fever, skin diseases, snakebit, jaundice and burns Mansehra. It is 13 km away from Mansehra City in etc., of 81 plants belonging 44 families including North West. Baffa is located in western “Himalayan” Artemisia scoparia found in the first ever constructed province. Geographically it is located at 34º 26' 66” in motorway of the Pakistan. During the survey of north and 73º 13' 14.26” in west at the altitude of 2021 Margalla Hills National Park 50 species of herbs of ft. The Tunglai hills located at the altitude of 5526 ft medicinal usees belonging to 27 families used by local full of pinus forest (Survey of Pakistan, 2006). comunity of the Margalla Hills National Park (Shinwari Baffa has extremely fertile land, irrigation system and Khan, 2000). These medicines have less side and the forests. Seventy percent of the people are effects and man can get the herbs easily from nature. involved in agricultural activities. Siran River is the Unani system is dominant in Pakistan but the ethno main source of irrigation water for Union Council medicinal plants use is also seen in the remote areas Baffa. Left bank of the river is provided with an (Ahmad et al., 2003). Herbal medicines system traces excellent system of irrigation channels while right bank its origin to Greek medicine, which was adopted by area is mainly Barani (Rain-fed) and small area is semi Arabs and then spread to India and Europe. About 80% irrigated as some irrigation water is provided from hill population of the world depends on the traditional ponds. Sixty percent of the land in Union Council Baffa system of health care (Ahmad, 2005). There are is irrigated, 32% is rain-fed while just 8% is semi considerable economic benefits in the development of irrigated. Main agricultural yields include vegetables, indigenous medicines and in the use of medicinal plants wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane and tobacco. Medicinal for the treatment of various diseases (Azaizeh et al., plants play an important role in traditional health care 2003). The need for a specific definition of traditional system. A larg number of allopathic drugs are also knowledge is impelled by the push from the formal prepared from medicinal plants (Rashid and Arshad, sector to control, manage and market the knowledge 2002). The history of discovery and use of different and to bring it under a regulatory framework. medicinal plants is as old as the history of discovery Traditional knowledge provides useful leads for and use of plants for food (Ibrar, 2002). During an scientific research, being the key to identifying those ethnobotanical survey of Ayubia national park Gilani elements in a plant with a pharmacological value that is recorded 21 important herbs belonging to 19 families ultimately destined for the international markets. which were used medicinally by the local community of Indeed, such traditional knowledge is very valuable. Ayubia National Park, , Pakistan (Gilani et Annual global sales of products derived from the

Corresponding Author: Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan 221

Int. J. Anim. Veter. Adv., 4(3): 221‐224, 2012

Table 1: Plants of ethno-veterinary uses Botanical name Vernacular name Family Habit Parts used Ethno botanical uses Barberis lyceum Sumbal (Hindko, Gojri), Barbedaceae Shrub Root bark As analgesic, as a bandage & as royle Koray (Pashto) body coolant Verbiscum thepsus Ghadi Kan (Hindko, Schryophylaceae Annual Leaves and stem As stomachic & as analgesic L Gojri), Kharghuag) herb with inflorescence

Brasica Saryan (Hindko, Gojri), Crucifereae Annual Leaves, seeds oil As fodder, tonic, for gastric compestris L Sharsham (Pashto) herb problems Rumex hustatus L Khateemal (Hindko, Polygonaceae Annual Whole plant For blood clotting (septic) & for Gojri), Turakhay (Pashto) herb healing

Pinus roxbergii Cheer (Hindko, Gojri, Pinaceae Tree Resin and leaves As septic, for wound healing & Urdu), Nakhtar (Pashto) resin used as hair removing Cychorium intybus Hund (Hindko, Pashto, Astaraceae Annual Whole plant For stomach problem, anti- L Gojri), Kasni (Urdu) herb inflammatory agent & as fodder crop Melia azed-arch Daraik (Hindko, Gojri), Meliaceae Tree Leaves and fruits For gastric problem & digestive Bekana (Pashto), Bekyne problems. As anthelmentic and (Urdu) febrifuge. As fodder for sheep’s, goats Mallotus Kamila (Hindko, Gojri), Euphorbiaceae Tree Fruits and leaves For removal of ringworms phelipenses lam. Kambeela (Pashto) (anthelmentic). As laxative mull Riccinus comunis Aranda (Hindko, Gojri Euphorbiaceae Under tree Seeds and oil To sheep’s and goats to create L Pashto), Arand (Urdu) sterility for one year. As laxative Witex negudo Marvandi (Hindko, Pashto) Verbenaceae Tree Leaves For stomach problems & As fodder for sheep’s and goats Zanthoxylum Timber (Hindko, Gojri), Rotaceae Shrub Leaves and fruits Used in fever and flue armetum L Dambara (Pashto) (Febrifuge). Iin stomachic Adhathoda vesica Bekar (Hindko, Gojri, Acanthaceae Shrub Leaves and flowers For rashes; sometime L Pashto) veterinaries are bathed with plant infusion & for febrifuge Cynodon dactylon Khabal (Hindko, Pashto, Poaceae Annual Stem and leaves As fodder for veterinaries. As L Gojri) herb tonic, antiseptic and analgesic. For wounds for blood clouting, relieving pain Alllium sativa L Thom (Hindko), Ooga Aliaceae Perennial Underground stem For stomachic & for influenza (Pashto), Lehsan (Urdu) herb and leaves Feoniculum Sounf (Hindko, Urdu, Apiaceae Annual Whole plant Carminative, purgative, in fever valgare mill Gojri) herb & a diuretic Fumeria indica L Papra (Hinko, Pashto, Fumeraceae Annual Whole plant To control constipation and Gojri, Urdu) herb urinary problems in cattle. As a fodder & fever Punica granatum Anar (Urdu), Anargoordy Punicaceae Tree Periarp (fruit) As vermifuge & to expel the L (Pashto) intestinal worm Solanum Peeli mordhi, Kandiari Solenaceae Annual Whole plant For fever, cough and intestinal surratense L (Hindko, Panjabi, Gojri) herb infection and also to improve feeding Mentha longifolia Chita podina (Hindko, Lamiaceae Annual Arial parts As (stomachic) and (febrifuge) L Gojri), Safaid podina herb (Urdu) Delbergia sesso L Tahli (Hindko, Gogri, Papilionaceae Tree Leaves Leaves are given as coolant, as Panjabi), Shuwa (Pashto) fodder for sheep’s goats Sheesham (Urdu) Malva neglecta L Sonchal (Hindko, Gojri), Malvaceae Annual Leaves, stem, seeds In digestive problem , for food Panerak (Pashto, herb poisoning,as fodder, but excess Kohistani) amount cause loose motion Sargham helipense Barun (Hindko, Gojri), Poaceae Annual Stem, leaves and To clout blood (steptic, L Dadam (Pashto) herb seeds analgesic and antiseptic) as fodder and also tonic Morus alba L Chita toot (Hindko, Gojri), Moraceae Tree Leaves Commonly leaves are used as Spin toot (Pashto), fodder. In excess amount cause Shahtoot (Urdu) loose motion. It is also laxative and tonic Morus nigra L Kala toot (Hindko, Gogri), Moraceae Tree Leaves and fruits The leaves are used as fodder for Tora Toot) Pashto),Toot sheeps, goats and cows. These siyah (Urdu) are also tonic and laxative

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Int. J. Anim. Veter. Adv., 4(3): 221‐224, 2012

Table 1: (Continue) Botanical name Vernacular name Family Habit Parts used Ethno botanical uses Salix longifolia L Beens (Hindko) Salicaceae Tree Leaves (Febrifuge, pain killer) as fodder Beensa (Gojri) for sheep’s, goats Rubas fruiticisus L Karwara (Hindko, Rosaceae Shrub Stem, leaves and Antianemic and tonic to improve Gojri, Pashto) fruits the health, as fodder for sheep’s and goats Ficus carica L Phugar (Hindko), Moraceae Tree Latex and leaves Antiseptic & used to stop the Phugari (Gojri), Inzir blood (Pashto) Ailanthus altissima Darawa (Hindko, Simaroubaceae Tree Resin and leaves To clout the blood antimicrobial (mill.). Swingle Gojri), Shandai activity & kill the flea and ticks (Pashto) Artemisia Chaow (Hindko, Gojri) Astaraceae Annual Leaves, Stomachic, febrifuge, absenthium L herb inflorescence and anthelmentic, antiseptic. stem Antiworms reduce fever in indigestion and gastric problems Trichodesma Andholi (Hindko, Boreginaceae Annual Whole plant As anti-inflammatory). As indicum L Gojri) herb analgesic) manipulation of genetic resources lie between US$ 500 the protection of knowledge rights of native people. and US$800 billion annually (Kate and Laird, 1999). Very little action has been taken by legal professional Herbal medicine even today plays an important role in environmental, non-governmental or even human rights rural areas and various locally produce drugs are still groups to secure Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) for being used as household remedies for various diseases native people (Martin, 1995). Livestock keepers in specially in these areas for different ailments (Qureshi many developing countries with restricted access to and Ghufran, 2005). People living in mountains of orthodox veterinary healthcare services commonly use Pakistan use plants in many ways such as medicines, traditional remedies to treat their animals when disease timber wood, fire wood, food, fodder etc., (Hussain and is encountered. The use of medicinal plants is an option Khaliq, 1996). This study will help us in finding direct for livestock farmers who are not allowed to use availibilty of cure for the good healthcare of allopathic drugs under certified organic programs or Veterinaries and human as well. We can use these cannot afford to use allopathic drugs for minor health plants for further medicnal products to make usefull in problems of livestock. In Pakistan villagers also use easy way. local remedies for the treatment of domestic animals. In most areas of plants are used as MATERIALS AND METHODS veterinary medicines. In hilly areas locals use plant remedies for the cure of veterinary diseases. The have An ethnovetinary survey was conducted to collect no access to doctors for their animals. They also think the information from the local people on the use of that local remedies have low or less side effects. This medicinal plants for medicinal use in Tunglai hills fact that plants have crud compound but in low Baffa, District Mansehra NWFP, Pakistan during June quantities which if show side effect that can be 2008-august 2009. The information about native plants overcome easily. used for ethnovetinary purposes collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. CONCLUSION Plants were arranged alphabetically by family name, vernacular name and ethno veterinary uses. The identification of the listed plants was based on The This study will help us in finding direct availibilty Flora of Pakistan. of cure for the good healthcare of Veterinaries and human as well. We can use these plants for further RESULTS AND DISCUSSION medicnal products to make usefull in easy way.

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