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The American

AUGUST 1974

Volume 97, Number 2 National Commander LEGION Robert E. L. Eaton CHANGE OF ADDRESS Subscribers, please notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 Magazine using Form 3578 which is available at your local post office. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses with ZIP Code number and current membership card num- ber. Also, notify your Post Adjutant or other officer charged with such responsibilities.

Contents for August 1974 The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F. O'Neil NOW CHILDREN: TAKE YOUR ALGEBRA PILLS 4 Editor Robert B. Pitkin BY BERNARD BARD AND R. B. PITKIN Assistant to Publisher Can we be made smarter—or learn things—by taking John Andreola pills or chemical injections? Here's a report on how Art Editor Walter H. Boll science has moved in that direction. Assistant Editor James S. Swartz Associate Editor Roy Miller THE STORY OF TAPS 10 Production Manager Art Bret/field BY PAUL DITZEL Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford An account of how the saddest and sweetest of bugle calls was Editorial Specialist composed at a Civil War battlefield encampment. Irene Christodoulou Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson Indianapolis, Ind. SHOULD CONGRESS GO ALL OUT FOR SOLAR ENERGY?. Advertising Sales 14 Robert Redden Associates, Inc. Sides P.O. Box 999 Two Of A National Question Teaneck, N.J. 07666 PRO: REP. JOHN A. BLATNIK (D-MINN.) 201-837-5511

CON: REP. STEVEN D. SYMMS (R-IDAHO) The American Legion Magazine Commission:

Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn. (Chairman): Milford A. Forrester, Green- PROPERTY BRANDING—THE ANTI-BURGLAR ville, S.C. (Vice GIMMICK Chairman) ; James R. Kel- THAT WORKS ley, Radnor, Pa. (National Commander's 16 Representative); Lung Armstrong, Spokane, Wash. BY LEAVITT A. KNIGHT, JR. ; Norman Biebel, Belleville, 111. Charles E. Booth, Huntington, W . Va. A look at a recent innovation in household burglary Adolph Bremer, Winona, Minn.; Raymond Fields, Oklahoma City, prevention, with details on how to participate Okla.; Chris Hern- in it. andez, Savannah, Ga.; James V. Kissner, Palatine, III.; Mylio S. Kraja, Youngstouin, Ohio; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, Iowa; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y.; Arthur MacCarthy. Tallahassee, Fla.; Loyd lie- THAT WAS PROHIBITION 18 Dermott, Benton, Ark.; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, BY LYNWOOD MARK RHODES La.; Frank W. Naylor. Jr., Kansas City, Kans.; Harry H. Schaffer, Pittsburgh, Pa.; From ratification to repeal, the story of life in the George Sinopoli, Fresno, Calif.; Wayne L. U.S. under the 18th Amendment to the Constitution Talbert. Delphi, Ind.: Robert H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala.; Edward that forbade in McSweeney. New traffic alcoholic drinks. York, N.Y. (Consultant); George Zanos, Wellsburg. W. Va. (Consultant).

The American Legion Magazine is owned and COVER: DRAWING BY BOB CLARKE published monthly by The American Legion. Copyright 1974 by The American Legion. Second class postage paid at Indianapolis, Ind., 46204 and additional mailing offices. Departments Price: single copy, 20 cents; yearly sub- scription, 32.00. Direct inquiries regarding circulation to: Circulation Department, P. O. LITERS 2 LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 36 Box 1954. Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. DATELINE WASHINGTON 24 PERSONAL 46 Send editorial and advertising material to: The American Legion Magazine. 1345 Avenue VETERANS NEWSLETTER 25 LEGION SHOPPER 47 of the Americas, New York. N.Y. 10019. NEWS THE OF AMERICAN LEGION . 27 PARTING SHOTS 48 NON-MEMBER SUBSCRIPTIONS Send name and address, including ZIP number, with $2 check or money order to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration 1954, will not be returned unless a self-ad- Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. dressed, stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. POSTMASTER: If undeliverable, please send Form 3579 to P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 (June). I wasn't around for that one, but did work on the Barge Canal, and LETTERS TO THE EDITOR I know what those poor people were up against at that early date. I worked on the Barge east of Rochester, oper- ating a drag line on swing shift, and it Letters published do not necessarily ex- June 19, the Senate voted 91-0 for a press the policy of The American Legion. was a drag. I lasted about two months. bill to provide a tuition alloivance. At Keep letters short. Name and address must My grandfather, Patrick Maher, be furnished. Expressions of opinion and press time, the fate of the recommen- requests for personal service are appreci- was one of the "Irishers" who worked ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or dation in the House was still unre- on the Erie Canal. He shipped out of answered, due to lack of magazine staff for solved. We hope many other readers these purposes. Requests for personal serv- New York on one of the labor gangs ices which be legitimately asked ivrote their legislators in support of may of and was a clay digger for a couple of The American Legion should be made to the proposal after reading Nat'l Com- your Post Service Officer or your state years. He wasn't too enthused about (Department) American Legion Hq. Send mander Eaton's message in our June his canal experience, but it didn't do letters to the editor +o: Letters. The issue. American Legion Magazine. 1345 Avenue him too much damage as he lived to of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019. HONORING THE DEAD 96. I have sworn I am going to beat him and live to 102. If so, I will have VIETNAM VETS' EDUCATION sir : I so appreciated the pictures in lived in three centuries, as I was born the May issue of the placement of sir: As parents of a Vietnam veteran, in 1898. I am coming up 76, and work flags on the graves of veterans and we were amazed to learn that his and six days a week as a salesman in a their near relatives at Jefferson Bar- others' education allowances are so camera shop. Joseph F. Maher, Long racks National Cemetery, Missouri. shabby. ("The Sorry State of Vietnam Beach, Calif. My father, a Civil War veteran, is Vets' Education," June.) Why is it the buried there and I am happy to know Congress and our Presidents were so the local Boy Scouts gave him a flag. ATTN: THIRD ARMY BAKERS considerate in shipping our young I am unable to visit there often, but boys to fight the war but can't be Sir: During WW2, the Third Army I do decorate veterans' graves here. bothered to give them better schooling had rolling bakery companies that Thank the Boy Scouts for me and benefits ... so that they can, upon travelled with front-line troops, earn- accept my thanks for Paul Stauder's graduation, face the world and receive ing more campaign credits and com- wonderful pictures. To quote Calvin a job they will be qualified to take on? mendations than many of our better Coolidge : "The country that forgets You may rest assured we're writing to known divisions. For research and his- its defenders will itself be forgotten." Washington to voice our complaint. tory of these units, I would like to Carl Denton, infield, Kan. Rose and Chester Krawczyk, Baden, W hear from former members designated Pa. (Mobile Special), particularly the THE ERIE CANAL 3032nd, and 2016th Cos., and the 271st

Ed Note : The important need is to sir: Just finished reading the article, QM Bn. E. L. "Bill" Phifer, R-l, Box provide a tuition alloivance, and on "How They Built the Erie Canal" 193, Colonial Heights, Va. 23834.

Benefits & Premiums Benefit determined by age at death. Maximum coverage under this Plan s limited to 4 Units. OFFICIAL AMERICAN LEGION LIFE INSURANCE PLAN Age at death 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit As a Legion Member in good standing and under age Through age 29 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 70, you are eligible to apply for this valuable insurance 30-34 32,000 24,000 16,000 8,000 protection and now this protection can last your entire 35-44 18,000 13,500 9,000 4,500 — 45-54 8,800 6,600 4,400 2,200 lifetime! Sorry, no persons, age 70 or over (including 55-59 4,800 3,600 2,400 1,200 those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for 60-64 3,200 2,400 1,600 800 new insurance. Simply fill out the Enrollment Card and 65-69 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 mail in with your check for the amount of coverage 70-74 1,320 990 660 330 you select. Benefits shown in chart represent total cov- 75-over 1,000 750 500 250 erage for 1974. If your application is not approved, your Prorated Premium' $32 $24 $16 $8 remittance will be refunded. "Prorated premium shown ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE provides protection through INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION Dec. 31, 1974 and assumes your completed Enrollment Full Name Birth Date- Card will be received by Last First Middle Mo. Day Year the Administrator (and ap- Permanent Residence- proved) during August with Street No. City State Zip

coverage effective Sept. 1, Name of Beneficiary _ -Relationship- 1974. Prorated premiums Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" for applications received Membership Card-No Year -Post State- in Sept. will be $6 per No

Unit. Full premiums, pay- I apply for the amount of insurance indicated below, (check appropriate box or boxes). able annually each Janu- 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit Vi Unit ary 1, are $24 per Unit.

. OFFICIAL The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this Jj0&&- AMERICAN enrollment: Answer all questions. tff \1 LEGION B 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? Yes No If No, give reason '\s®s^ INSURANCE PLAN 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If Yes, give date, length

of stay and cause , IMPORTANT. If you live in 3. During the last five years, have you ever had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver Fla., III., N.J., N.Y., N.C., disease, lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you received treatment medication for 0., P.R., Tex., or Wis., send or high blood for special Card. Applica- pressure or alcoholism? No Yes If yes, give details tions and benefits vary

I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all this slightly in some areas. statements and answers recorded on enrollment card

are true and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it Offer does not apply in Idaho.

under the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may Send for special brochure. attend or examine to testify MAIL TO: me, disclose or to to any knowledge thus acquired. AMERICAN Signature of Dated Applicant LEGION LIFE , 19 874 INSURANCE PLAN, GMA-300-19 10-70 (Univ.) P.O. BOX 5609, The American Legion offers this insurance through Occidental Life Insurance Company of California. Home Office: Los Angeles CHICAGO, ILL. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance: My present certicate number is 60680

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 . 7 — ANNOUNCING the most Complete History of the War Ever Published .

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upon seeing it, you decide you want no further vol- City umes, you simply advise us and that ends the mat- You will find the answers ter. You'll never get a bill, never get another volume, State .... and no salesman will ever call. And the free volume in your FREE Volume 1. will be yours to keep. Signature THE PUBLISHER (Please sign here. II under 21. have parent or guardian sign.)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 3 Now Children: Take

How thousands of creatures and some people have a UNESCO Conference in Paris. Many different approaches to "get already been "taught" by taking pills, chemicals. smart" chemicals have been and are being pursued today by scientists around the world. They are of two By BERNARD BARD and R. B. PITKIN very broad, and very different, types. One is simply to enhance your na- tive ability to learn. The chemicals The authors are, respectively, edu- ing by taking pills we come ever teach you nothing, but tend to en- cation writer the Post of New York closer to considering ourselves as large or accelerate mental prowess or and editor of this magazine. nothing more than a bunch of intri- to suppress built-in obstacles to The following terms are start- cate chemicals—even our minds and learning. For instance, many thou- ing to become a part of our lan- our thoughts. sands of schoolchildren are already guage, whether you have yet heard of For better or worse, then, this is on drugs of the latter sort. These are them or not: to report that scientific progress in children who are simply too hyper- "Get smart pills," "memory pills," improving intelligence, learning and active to sit still long enough to learn "mind drugs," "memory pellets," memory chemically, and even trans- much. Pills calm them down and, "knowledge pills." ferring memory and knowledge presto, they become better students. In these phrases there is something chemically from one creature to an- This is an indirect approach to get- both exciting and dismal. other, has now gone so far that lead- ting smart chemically. They suggest the very real scien- ing educators have been compelled The other approach actually trans- tific promise that to some degree or to notice it. fers knowledge, or actually sharpens other we can yet be made smarter by Articles in responsible educational the mind's ability to learn a particu- pills or injections of chemicals. journals have reported on "Smart lar thing. Science is a long way from There is even the remote possibility Pills and School" and "New Minds applying it predictably to humans, that man may yet learn things sim- for Old; Can Chemicals Stimulate but don't think it's impossible. It has ply by swallowing something. Learning Capacity?" been done repeatedly with animals, If we are talking about improving International seminars on "the and in at least one case "smart men's minds, this seems—and may chemical transfer of memory" have chemicals" that worked on rats be—exciting. been held at the University of Ten- seemed to make some humans But it is also almost too dismal to nessee Medical Center; at the Villa brighter and improve their memo- contemplate. As we approach learn- D'Este on Lake Como in Italy, and at ries.

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 .

Your Algebra Pills . . A LOOK AT CHEMICALS THAT TEACH

Will the day come when we learn things by swallowing pills or getting shots? Animals have already "learned" that way.

Prof. James V. McConnell, at the science might yet identify an in- University of Michigan, achieved one creasing number of protein structures of the early landmark memory-and- which could be taken by humans to learning-transfers with flatworms. advance their learning—and even He "educated" some of them to learn manufacture the proteins in labs a maze and go through it when a (which would be better than devour- light flashed. He then ground them ing our most learned scholars, flat-

up and fed their remains to "unedu- worm-style) . cated" flatworms. The cannibals At the end of the trail, and no promptly learned to respond to the doubt beyond our reach in anything light twice as fast as the cousins as complex as human learning, would they'd devoured, and seemed to "re- be such a thing as an Advanced member" the maze without having to French Prescription, patterned in a learn it. lab after the structure of the right We can probably all accept the idea proteins in the nervous system of a that when we learn anything, that Frenchman. A schoolboy or school- learning is represented inside us by girl would swallow it or receive it as something new, and could be likened an injection today to speak perfect to having "programmed" ourselves, French tomorrow. like a computer. It is just as well that science will McConnell's flatworms suggested probably find us too complex to go that at least some of this program- that far, lest there be no room left in ming is purely chemical, a rearrange- the test tubes for our spirits, our souls ment of molecules in—he felt—pro- and our personalities. It is heartening teins somewhere in the brain or to know that even the lowliest "edu- nervous system. His uneducated can- cated" flatworms made their original nibal worms seemed to show that in "learning proteins" themselves, by a creature that simple, the learning miraculous means invisible to Prof. "As we approach learning by taking pills could be passed along to others if the McConnell or anyone else. we come ever closer to considering our- proteins were passed along. Good. Let us give science the selves as nothing more than a bunch of If this idea could stand up, then in privilege of borrowing from life, intricate chemicals—even our minds and ." it, our thoughts. . . the long future of the human race copying from imitating it—and

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 5 CONTINUED Now Children: Take Your Algebra Pills mation. If there is a different protein that you can produce for everything you can learn, the total number must see where it has gone since the first though weaker, fear of darkness in nearly infinite, flatworm went to school on a square other untrained rodents. be and science can never identify all al- meal at Ann Arbor. Not only did the Baylor experi- them but can identify Other scientists have performed ments repeat McConnell's work with ways more. successful "memory-transfers" on a more complex animal, but they The National Education Ass'n as- signed interviewer to talk Dr. many other animals, much higher up identified and isolated the key an with Ungar. predicted that re- the scale from flatworms. Dr. Georges "memory protein" for a particular He brain searchers will come with to Ungar, of the Baylor University Col- bit of learning and took a further up ways assist the as lege of Medicine, isolated a chemical giant step by manufacturing a pass- normal mind, well as that of the retarded or aged. "I don't produced by rats and mice when they able working imitation of it. know whether will be able to were trained to fear, rather than to Ungar thinks that the first use of we geniuses or whether will be prefer, being in darkness. His experi- a chemical memory for humans could make we able to raise the general level of mo- mental rodents were taught, by elec- come by 1984, or so, and would treat rality, but certainly raise the tric shocks, to dislike being in a certain types of serious mental de- we can general level of intelligence at least darkened box, and thereafter they ficiencies and defects. His findings as much as we have raised health preferred the light. were first reported in 1970 at a meet- other standards in the He took from their brains a sub- ing of the American Ass'n for the and last 50 stance that he called "scotophobin" Advancement of Science. He consid- years." that from the Greek words for dark and ers scotophobin (and nobody knows One cannot escape a suspicion "instinctive" behavior, it the fear. Injected into untrained rodents, how many other substances, one for be few instincts that people are born it induced fear of darkness. An imi- each thing learned) to be a "code with, the that rule tation scotophobin was then manu- word" needed by the brain to hold or complex ones factured, and produced similar, and use a particular piece of infor-

DRAWINGS BY BOB CLARKE

This rat is scared to enter the dark box, though he used to phobin," extracted from the brain of another rat that was like the dark. How come? He has received a shot of "scoto- taught by electric shocks to be afraid of the darkness.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 Big-Brain Mouse was once as stupid as his brother who sits he got a shot of "metrazol," a stimulant of the nervous sys- on the dunce chair. Their whole family was always stupid, but tern. If mice went to school, he'd now make the dean's list. the lives of those insects which do tions that forced them to use their dull by accepted tests. At the end of everything their forebears did with- wits, developed a thicker brain cor- the term, those whom she believed to out any experience, will be traced to tex, a better blood supply to the be bright had done well, those whom these same chemical code substances, brain, larger brain cells, more activ- she believed to be dull had done passed on by heredity. Right now, ity of brain enzymes. This should be poorly. But the information given the most of the scientists in the field heartening for teachers, Krech noted. teacher was false. The differences in aren't looking in that direction. No matter what chemicals may yet the pupils did not exist until the dif- Research at the University of Cal- do, if the school and home are men- ferences in the teacher's faith in ifornia's various branches has dealt tally stimulating, that will always do them had made them bright and dull. with a general fortifying of intelli- more. The reverse is true, he claims. This, too, may be partly chemical. gence and memory ( rather than pass- Idle, bored, unused and unstimulated A student stimulated by a teacher's ing on particular knowledge) by a brains turn dull. Dull schools and faith in him may produce chemicals mix of chemistry and exposure to homes could perhaps undo the "best" that actually make him generally mind-stimulating surroundings. Par- work of any "get smart" pills. bright, along the line of Krech's work ticipants in various phases of the Common sense long ago noted all on mental stimulation. A student not work have included Dr. David Krech of this, but to have it physically con- so stimulated may fail to produce and Dr. James McGaugh. firmed—even in rats—is reassuring "bright" chemicals—or stop making Krech and several co-workers for common sense. The learning abil- them if he has been making them. showed, in 15 years of work, that ity of the young responds, for better For untold generations, students who stimulation of the mind, simply or worse, to extremely subtle things, have done poorly have claimed that through being in an environment that —and a classic demonstration of this it is "teacher's fault, she hates me." is mind-stimulating, improves the in a school system a few years back Maybe they weren't just making up ability to learn and recall—including was startling. excuses, after all. the physical equipment for learning. At the start of the term, a teacher McGaugh demonstrated in mice Strong brains can, like muscles, be was told which of her new students the possibility of injecting "general created by exercise. Rats, in situa- had been found bright and which brightness" chemicals in creatures

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 7 ". The day may yet come, says writer Albert Rosenfeld, when it so that a baby would be born with basic knowledge to may be possible to inject proteins into fertilized human eggs walk, talk, swim, do arithmetic, read ancient Greek.

CONTINUED ately after the training, some of them Now Children: Take Your Algebra Pills got an injection of puromycin in their skulls. Puromycin is known to block that didn't produce their own. He had netics—hath created unequal," Dr. the formation of proteins. Those fish a strain of "bright" mice that learned Krech observed, in reporting Mc- immediately forgot what they'd fast, and a strain of "stupid" mice Gaugh's experiment to the A.A.A.S. learned. But others got the puromy- that could hardly recall the most "May I suggest that some place in cin an hour after the training. Ap- painfully learned lesson. McGaugh the back of your mind you might be- parently they had by then built the injected some of the stupid mice with gin to speculate on what it can mean "swim over the hurdle" protein, for metrazol, a stimulant of the general —socially, educationally, politically they remembered the lesson. nervous system. After treatment, the —if and when we find drugs which This led Krech to speculate that stupid mice outperformed the supe- will be similarly effective for people." any creatures, human or otherwise, rior mice in brainpower, while each Drs. Roger Davis and Bernard Ag- who seem normally bright from mo- treated stupid mouse learned its les- ranoff , at the University of Michigan, ment to moment, but who seem stupid sons at least 40% better than un- put reverse English on the theory in retaining lessons they've learned, treated stupid mice. that to remember a lesson requires may be the victims of any of "whole "Here we have a chemical memory that a new protein be made. They in- families of chemical memory pre- pill which not only improves memory troduced a "stupid" chemical when ventatives" that stop them from and learning but can serve to make they trained 500 goldfish to swim building up "a permanent body" of all mice equal whom God—or ge- over a hurdle in the water. Immedi- knowledge, experience and skills.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 ! —

being a different signal—instructing Their use has heightened the edu- cells to make hair here, skin there, cability of many children. There have and so forth. When Nobel Prizes went been assurances that not a single child has become addicted that in N out for this discovery, it was not yet — the very young these drugs are per- suspected that RNA also coded mem- fectly safe. But because of contro- 2 ory and learning, too. RNA and its E = MC versial aspects of using behavior- companion, DNA, seem to be the modifying drugs on children, hear- master computers and programmers ings have been held on the practice of all living substances. in both Houses of Congress. Abbott Laboratories, in Chicago, It should be noted that it has been TNQ0I has taken a very simple approach to entirely possible to overcome hyper- RNA's role in memory and learning activity and tensions in old and young alike by mere training in what Dr. —that of just seeing that the brain Edmund Jacobson, of Chicago, long has plenty of RNA on hand to work ZEAYTON since labeled "progressive relaxa- with to make its "memory proteins." tion"—without taking any drugs at pill called Cylert on They tested a all. It is simply a learnable physical rats. Cylert is magnesium pemoline skill. (See How to Relax Without SELL AT&T (whatever that is). It stimulates pro- Pills, American Legion Magazine, duction of a brain enzyme that is Oct. 1970.) The technique has been SHORT needed for the internal manufacture available since the 1920's, and every of RNA. year more Americans "discover" it Rats on Cylert, reported writer Al- and learn to whip their tensions drug- lessly. Yet progressive relaxation has bert Rosenfeld, not only "learned FOUR SCORE been taken seriously by few of those faster than normal, but re- much who deal professionally with the tained their lessons for much longer AND SEVEN problems of tension, anxiety, etc., and periods of time." Cylert was then the host of ills that accompany them. YEARS AGO tried out on elderly patients at McGill Very few tests in teaching progres- University Medical School in Mon- sive relaxation to hyperactive school- treal. Some of them learned faster, children have been conducted in the while their accuracy and recall of nearly 50 years that it has been avail- EIGHT BALL recent learning improved over that able—notably in successively revised editions of Dr. Jacobson's book "Pro- of others who had not had Cylert. gressive Relaxation," published by IN THE SIDE Other tests of Cylert on humans were the University of Chicago Press. conclusive, and encouraging, but not One of the few tests was run in a POCKET it is too soon to hail it as "the mem- Chicago school. The children received ory pill." Abbott is financing studies some simple but expert instruction at other labs under a variety of con- and practice in how to relax their ditions. muscles. One of the first to notice It would seem only natural that the results was the school bus driver, Cylert is "specific"—helpful where who asked: "What did you do to the "problem," if any, is a shortage those kids? They used to climb all of RNA, but not if it is something over the bus like little animals. Now else. they ride along like sober little an- One of the commonest obstacles to gels." Yet few school systems have many boys and girls becoming apt paid any serious attention to this students is "hyperactivity." They are drugless conquest of hyperactivity. too restless, unable to concentrate, Many psychologists have wrongly always wiggling and squirming and dismissed it as simply a form of "sug- raising hell. Teachers typically de- gestion." Its scientific validity has scribe them as having too short a been more objectively demonstrated "span of attention," or decide that than most psychological theories, and Chemicals can build memories, and they are "poorly motivated." Just in WW2 the Navy used it to overcome them, too erase which of these is cause and which is the tensions of aviation cadets. This work tends to separate initial effect is moot. It is only when they Progressive relaxation has prob- learning from remembering what's get older that this general syndrome ably been too much in the hands of learned, and gives the proteins a clear is called "tension," though it may be too few specialists. Last winter the role in retention, but not so clear a the same thing—and are any of these American Association for the Ad- vancement of Tension Control was role in initial learning. words the right ones for the basic established, largely to disseminate Tens of thousands of experiments trouble? Pure boredom seems to in- duce hyperactivity and wandering the principles of the drugless con- have now served to pretty well iden- attention—and a boring school en- quest of tensions to a wider leader- tify the material for making key raw vironment may be responsible for ship audience. The board of sponsors "memory proteins" within the body. some of it. includes former Senator Lister Hill It is RNA—a short form for "ribonu- At any rate, if they can be made and Senator William Proxmire; re- cleic acid." RNA has long been known calm—with or without getting at the tired Rear Admirals Bart W. Hogan to be one of the bedrock substances in root cause—many "hyperactives" and Richard M. Watt, Jr. (Hogan is a retired the work of genes in passing along may become better students. Enter Surgeon-General of the U.S.

Navy) ; Dr. Ernest Hillman, Medical hereditary traits and in program- amphetamines. In adults, these are highly stimulating drugs—"pep Director of Mutual Benefit Life As- ming the cells of living creatures to pills." But in children, the effect is surance ; and the editor of this maga- organize the structure of their bodies. entirely different. It is calming. Am- zine (who was a Naval instructor To do this work, RNA is formed into phetamines have now been used in progressive relaxation for a while "coded" patterns, too. Its molecules often successfully—to reduce hyper- in WW2). The director is F. J. Mc- are capable of taking on thousands activity in perhaps 200,000 children, Guigan, PhD., of Hollins College, of minute variations, each pattern going all the way back to the 1930's. (Continued on vaae h3)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 9 : The Story of Taps

By PAUL DITZEL How the origin of the most haunting of bugle calls was almost lost to history. Perhaps the saddest yet sweetest brief passage of musical notes are the 28 bars of the plaintive bugle call known today as Taps, used in the military to mark flag-lowering at the end of the day, to mark "lights out and all to bed" at night and to mark the end of a life at a burial. Many words have been written to the modern Taps, and the most fa- miliar ones readily evoke the notes themselves Day is done, gone the sun From the hills, from the lake, From the skies. All is well, safely rest, God is nigh. What is the history of these few notes that are so full of sad sweet- ness? Their origin has been preserved only because an unsatisfactory ver- sion, by writer Gustav Kobbe, ap- peared in the Century Magazine for August 1898. It brought a prompt correction and amplification from a ton." He then went on at length to reader who knew what he was talk- review as best he could, after 36 ing about. years, the sad events that had led to Kobbe had explained in Century his composing Taps. that the first few bars of Taps were When the Civil War broke out, from a French song written for Na- Butterfield—who was born in Utica, poleon by David Buhl, the name of N.Y., in 1831—had been eastern su- which translates into English as "Na- perintendent of the American Ex- poleon's Favorite Song." The remain- press Co. in New York City. He was a ing bars of Taps, said Kobbe, were chunky man, with dark, penetrating from England and had been derived eyes and thick, handlebar mustaches from an Italian cavalry trumpet call. that made him look older than he Kobbe said he did not know who had was—and he was a colonel in the put them together in Taps. 12th Regiment of the New York Na- The editors of Century promptly tional Guard when called to the col- got a letter from reader Oliver W. ors and given a brigade and one star Norton, of Chicago. Taps, he said, on his shoulder. was composed off the top of his head By July 1862, the Peninsular Cam- by an illustrious Union general in the paign in Virginia had gone badly, Civil War, Daniel Adams Butterfield, McClellan having failed to take Rich- early in July 1862, immediately after mond. Nearly 11,000 troops on both the Seven Days Battle, while biv- sides were killed during the week of ouacked at Harrison's Landing, the Seven Days Battle. Butterfield's Berkeley Plantation, on the banks of Third Brigade was severely gored on the James River near Richmond, Va. June 27, at the Battle of Gaines' Norton said he ought to know. He Mill, during which 602 of his men wounds and received replacements. was Butterfield's bugler and he was were killed or wounded. Butterfield Butterfield's state of mind amid the first bugler ever to sound what later got the Medal of Honor for his the heat, humidity, intermittent was then the "new" Taps. If the edi- gallantry in rallying his troops at rains, mud, mosquitoes, dysentery, tors didn't believe him, he suggested Gaines' Mill against overwhelming typhoid and general wretchedness in that they contact General Butterfield, odds. After repulsing the Confeder- camp was marked by a sense of sad- who was then a prosperous and well- ates, his brigade covered the with- ness. He had lost many old friends, known businessman living near West drawal of McClellan's Army of the as well as many young men com- Point, N.Y. Potomac to Harrison's Landing. But- mitted to his command, while he es- They did, and Butterfield answered terfield arrived there himself on July caped with only a minor wound him- that he recalled "the substantial 2, 1862, and the decimated Third self. It was under these conditions, truth of the statements made by Nor- Brigade rested, recovered from its just before the 4th of July, that he

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE

heard again, as he had for so many should be." He decided to compose own words to that one: "Dan, Dan, months, the then regulation bugle something less formal and more dis- Dan, Butterfield, Butterfield." The call known as "Extinguish Lights." tinctive, like another bugle call he general noted, however, that his men The older call was also Taps, for the had put together for his own men. "in some trying circumstances" sang, name was much older than the par- Earlier, though he couldn't write a "Damn, Damn, Damn, Butterfield, ticular bugle call used. note of music, he had invented a call Butterfield." "Extinguish Lights" did not seem to serve the same purpose as the Now, to compose a new Taps, he ." sad enough to Butterfield for the Navy cry of "Now hear this . . It formed a brief melody in his head mood of that July. He explained to notified his men that a regulation and had an aide write it down in Century's editors that, "The call of bugle call for their ears only was musical notation from his humming [the old] Taps did not seem to be as about to be sounded. and whistling of it. He sent for Nor- smooth, melodious and musical as it His troops had already put their ton, his 22-year-old bugler—then a

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 H CONTINUED Corps, when they went to Chatta- that do not mention his composing THE STORY OF TAPS nooga in the fall of 1863, and rapidly Taps do identify him as the inventor made its way through these armies." of distinctive patches to identify private in the 83rd Pennsylvania In- Taps soon replaced rifle volleys at members of different Army corps. fantry Regiment. battlefield burials, because the vol- Butterfield could play the bugle Norton (who later became a ma- leys were sometimes mistaken by himself, though he could not read jor) told what happened then. Confederate pickets for an attack. music. He believed that a commander "Showing me some notes on a Quickly sensing the universal appeal should have a personal call, so that staff, written in pencil on the back of the melody echoing across no- when many units were in the field of an envelope, he [Butterfield] man's-land, the Confederate buglers together the men could recognize asked me to sound them on my bu- copied Taps. One of them sounded it bugled orders to them in particular. gle. I did this several times, playing at the funeral of Stonewall Jackson, That was the purpose of his "Damn, the music as written. He changed it less than ten months after Butterfield Damn, Damn, Butterfield." It meant: somewhat, lengthening some notes composed it. "The next call is just for you, in my and shortening others, but retaining Ten years after the war, in 1874, brigade, nobody else." He required the melody as he first gave it to me. the new Taps was officially adopted each of his subordinate commanders After getting it to his satisfaction, the by United States Army. Its to have personal calls and he com- he directed me to sound that call for sweet yet melancholy melody has posed the regimental calls for his Taps thereafter, in place of the regu- sounded countless times in the 100 colonels in the Third Brigade. lation call." years since then. He had a personal call for every That night, Bugler Norton took Butterfield never stepped forward one of his major commands, and one his accustomed position in camp, to claim any credit for composing for the whole 20th Corps of the stood at attention, and, pursing his Taps until queried by Century Maga- Army of the Cumberland when he lips, poured out the plaintive strains zine at Norton's behest in 1898. Nor was corps commander.

CULVER PICTURES, INC. As a division commander, he led two-thirds of his division in retreat, at night, from the Second Battle of Bull Run. To keep it together in the dark he repeatedly sounded his per- sonal bugle call himself, to be con- stantly answered by each of his regi- BUTTERFIELD'S BRIGADE CALL. £U lib

Dan, Dan, Dan, Butterfield, Butterfield.

Butterfield's private bugle call for his own brigade. Sometimes they sang, "Damn, Damn, Damn, Butterfield, Butterfield" to it.

Butterfield got the Medal of Honor for leading a charge that saved the day for McClellan's flank at Gaines' Mill. His losses may have inspired Taps' sad mood. of the Taps we now know, loud and did he seek attention for it there- clear. "The music was beautiful on after, or tell any biographer about it. that still summer night, and was Perhaps Taps seemed inconsequen- heard far beyond the limits of our tial to him, compared to his civilian brigade," Norton recalled. career and to his over-all military "The next day I was visited by record. And it was only one of many several buglers from neighboring bugle calls he devised. brigades, asking for copies of the He rose to major general, was in music, which I gladly furnished. I 43 battle actions, suffered two think no general order was issued wounds, won the Medal of Honor, from army headquarters authorizing became a division and then a corps the substitution of this for the regu- commander and later served as chief lation call, but as each brigade com- of staff for Hooker and then Meade. mander exercised his own discretion He was severely wounded at Gettys- in such minor matters, the call was burg, recovered, but was finally given gradually taken up all through the noncombat duty after being stricken Army of the Potomac. I have been with a debilitating fever in Georgia. Bugler Oliver told that it Norton in later years. He was carried to the West- That he was innovative in the mili- was the first to sound Taps, and he pre- ern Armies by the 11th and 12th tary is beyond question. Biographies served the story of how it was composed.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 —

THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE Yet Taps outlives the memory of both his civilian leadership and his military valor, and joins a select company of famous melodies to come out of the Civil War, including "The Battle Cry of Freedom," "The Bat- tle Hymn of the Republic," "The Yellow Rose of Texas," "When Johnny Comes Marching Home" and "Dixie." Three years after he confirmed Norton's statements he suffered a stroke and made his own funeral plans. He died in July 1901, and was buried at West Point. His monument is one of the most ornate at the Academy. It was hewn from a 25- ton block of marble. An inscription records the 43 battles in which But- terfield fought, but nowhere on it is Taps mentioned. On July 17, 1901, members of his old 12th Regiment led his funeral procession. Three rifle volleys were answered by a 13-gun artillery sa- lute. Then the bugler sounded Taps. A postscript was written to his memory on July 4th, 1969, during the 50th Anniversary year of The American Legion. As an anniversary gift to the State of Virginia, the Vir- ginia American Legion built a monu- ment to Taps on the old Butterfield brigade campsite at Harrison's Land- General Daniel Adams Butterfield. He never sought credit for composing Taps, which ing. The setting is rich in other his- was a minor incident in the midst of an outstanding battle record in the Civil War. tory too, for the Harrisons of Har- ments. By this means, he told Cen- the sort of private citizen whom gov- rison's Landing and Berkeley Planta- tury Magazine, the whole command ernments turn to to head special tion included both Benjamin Har- moved along in the dark "without commissions. He built a railroad in risons and William Henry Harrison loss of a straggler." Guatemala, advised the Russians on —two of them Presidents of the His civilian career made him a the Trans-Siberian Railroad and United States and one a signer of the prominent American from the 1870's tried unsuccessfully to get the job of Declaration of Independence. Their through the 1890's. He was into rail- building it. He studied European old mansion is still open to the pub- roading, shipping, banking, real es- postal systems for the U.S. govern- lic, only a short distance from where tate and the civic life of the nation ment. Taps was first sounded. end.

DEMENTI STUDIO, RICHMOND. VA.

Monument to Taps erected by the Virginia American Legion on the campsite where Butterfield composed Taps.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 13 .

Opposing Views by Congressmen on The Question . . SHOULD CONGRESS "YES" The sun is potentially a source of inexhaustible highly advanced technol- and pollution-free energy for the United States. ogy is not required, mean- This vast, untapped potential must be harnessed in ing that R&D costs our search for energy self-sufficiency and a clean should be small compared environment. to the value of energy Fossil fuels—coal, oil and natural gas—are nonre- saved. The panel projects newable. Now-available domestic supplies are insuf- the value of fossil fuel ficient, leaving us open to international blackmail; saved in heating and cool- and are increasingly expensive to extract and burn, ing buildings alone to both in economic and environmental terms. Coal for equal the cost of the $1 future conversion to clean fuels, as well as a large billion R&D program a part of our oil shale reserves, will be strip mined, mere seven years after it Rep. John A. Blatnik with consequent disastrous effects on the environ- becomes commercially (D-Minn) ment. feasible. Conventional nuclear reactors pose difficult ques- While there are still considerable problems to tions as to environmental and public health effects, overcome before solar energy can be harnessed, pri- as well as the possibility of catastrophic accidents, marily related to cost and storage, the day of com- while their wastes remain radioactive for thousands mercial solar energy is far closer than its critics of years. Breeder reactors will not be commercially claim. operable before 1986 at the earliest. Fusion, in all The NSF estimates that with adequate R&D, likelihood, will not be feasible until well after the buildings could be heated by solar energy within year 2000. five years, and cooled within six to ten years at Sunlight, by contrast, is free, safe and abundant. prices competitive with fossil fuels. Electricity could It is renewed daily, has no boundaries and is clean. be produced at competitive prices within ten to 15 A joint National Science Foundation/National years—by the time the first nuclear fast-breeder Aeronautics and Space Administration Energy Panel reactors could be put into commercial use. study estimates that solar energy could by 2020 pro- In our search for self-sufficiency, America has no vide for the United States at least 35% of the heating choice but to develop solar energy to supplement and cooling power for buildings, over 30% of the future needs; and Congress must provide the help methane and hydrogen needed for gaseous fuels, and stimulus necessary to bring its promise to frui- 10% of liquid fuel needs and more than 20% of elec- tion as soon as possible. tric power requirements. The Presidentially appointed Eggers Panel of top energy scientists estimates that an accelerated re- search and development program for commercial use of solar energy would cost about $1 billion be- tween 1975 and 1979. For most of this program

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel on this

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 —

GO ALL OUT FOR SOLAR ENERGY?

ENERGY FROM the SUn light and the airplane were all products of enterpris- represents a largely- ing inventors operating without large government untapped resource which subsidies. There is no reason to believe that this same has the potential of filling creative spirit cannot develop new energy sources a number of our energy- if only it were allowed to do so. When the federal needs for centuries to government supplies all of the funds for research come. If only 5% of our and development in a given area it almost always home heating and cooling permanently controls the availability and the mar- needs could be met from keting of whatever end products result. Already, this source we could save this fear of total control with the possibility of com- an increasingly precious plete nationalization of energy production has 600,000 Rep. Steven D. Symms barrels of oil per spurred the utility and oil companies to invest sub- (R-ldaho) day. stantial funds into research and development efforts The Senate is now con- on such things as controlled nuclear fusion and geo- sidering a bill, recently passed by the House, which thermal energy. would bring in to the new solar energy field a mini- Of course, in certain cases where very large initial mum of three federal bureaucracies . . . NASA, HUD capital investments are required it is proper for the and the proposed Federal Energy Research and De- federal government to help out indirectly as it has velopment Administration. done in the past through tax incentives. If the experience of the past is any guide, the in- Finally, another reason I oppose an all-out Con- troduction of not one but three federal bureaucracies gressional effort for solar energy is that solar energy into this new and hopeful field may have the effect is suitable only as an auxiliary energy source. Our of slowing down progress and stifling creativity . . . real energy problems will be better solved by the and at considerable expense to the taxpayers. development of controlled nuclear fusion and mag- There is no real reason why the creative forces of netohydrodynamic energy production. Both of these American free enterprise cannot tackle the problem methods are highly efficient and nearly pollution of developing and marketing solar energy at a rea- free. Thus, they are more worthy of such all-out sonable cost to the consumer. The basic technology efforts. already exists, much of it as a byproduct of the space program, so there are no overwhelming technolog- ical obstacles. Furthermore, there seems to be a popular belief that no new scientific or technological breakthrough can be achieved without massive government fund- ing. We forget that the world's greatest technological progress has occurred through the American free

I have read in enterprise system. The steam engine, the electric The American Legion Magazine for Au- gust the arguments in PRO & CON: Should Congress Go All Out For Solar Energy?

IN MY OPINION THE ANSWER TO THIS QUESTION IS: YES NO SIGNED _ ssue, fill out the "ballot" and mail it to him. > ADDRESS

TOWN STATE.

You can address any Representative c/o U.S. House of Representatives, Wash- ington, D.C. 20515; any Senator c/o U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510.

THE AMERICAN • LEGION MAGAZINE AUGUST 1974 15 —

PROPERTY BRANDING-the Anti-Burglar

How a 1963 idea of a California police chief now al- cities then using it. In 1969, the New Orleans police had raided a fence and most ends burglaries for homeowners who adopt it. seized about $100,000 worth of stolen property. There was no way of iden- By LEAVITT A. KNIGHT, JR. of suspected stolen property any- tifying most of it, but a Sony radio where. was "branded" and found its way modern revolution in the pre- Today, Chief Holladay's system is back to its owner. New Orleans soon A vention of the burglary of valu- used by so many property owners and went all-out in a property-branding able household property was started police departments that police 3,000 program, including the warning stick- 11 years ago by Police Chief Everett miles away may be able to return ers to burglars. City police reported F. Holladay, of Monterey Park, Calif. "branded" goods to the owner if they that the word had traveled quickly in It has since become a booming and come across it. the underworld to beware of property proven anti-theft success in com- After Chief Holladay devised his in homes with the stickers on them. munities all over this land. system in 1963, he persuaded 5,000 of Housebreaking—on the rise nation-

Left, above, a small engraving tool, which vibrates like mad, camera. Even if a thief files it off, chemical treatment writes phone number permanently into metal framework of a (right) by police can restore the number, identify owner.

Chief Holladay simply applied the the 11,000 homeowners in Monterey ally—dropped 33% in New Orleans ancient custom of branding cattle to Park to take it seriously and brand between 1969 and 1972, and the po- the "branding" of your TV set, cam- their equipment. The police lent them lice credited a good part of the reduc- eras, projectors, stereo equipment, the engraving equipment and asked tion to the branding program. etc., with an electric engraving pen. them to keep a list of every item In a recent two-year period, only It is easier to change a brand on a and persuaded most householders to four of 4,210 residential burglaries in steer than on a pocket computer, tape post a sticker on door or window ad- Wichita were in Wichita's 2,000 recorder or typewriter marked with vertising the fact that the valuables homes with stickers on them warning Chief Holladay's engravings. The en- therein were branded. that valuables were branded. In the graving may be filed off by the first By 1972—after nine years—there first four months of a county-wide crook who steals the item, but it so had been 25 burglaries in the 5,000 branding program in Fairfax County, alters the molecules deeper in the "branded property" homes and 2,100 Va., the burglary rate dropped 23%. metal that the police can restore the in the 6,000 "unbranded property" It had been rising. Only two of 1,100 "brand" with chemical treatment. homes. participating homes in Needham, Burglars have learned to shun When the word got out, police in Mass., were burglarized during a pe- branded equipment. Dealers in stolen many other towns picked up the idea, riod when 170 non-participating property won't give them a cent for with amazing results in cutting down homes were robbed. The recovery it. If they are caught with it, positive thefts and recovering stolen goods. rate of the small amount of property identification of the stolen goods Until 1972 there was no central or- still stolen from participating homes helps assure conviction. If your TV ganization interested in it nationally, is high, compared to that taken from set is lifted and you tell the police hence no reliable figures on how many non-participating homes. that it had your phone number with communities had followed suit. A Property-branding lacked a na- area code engraved on the frame, good guess is 300 or so, with Dallas tional sponsor for a long time, but in they can pick it out of any collection and New Orleans among the larger 1971-72 it found a logical one—insur-

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 Gimmick That Works operation

ance agents. By 1970, national losses 14th instance, police recovered some from burglaries were at $672 million skis, binoculars, a TV set and a gui- identification a year and going up. Insurance set- tar—all abandoned. Each bore a sin- tlements were enormous. In many gle driver's license number. The All items of value on these high-crime areas, burglary insurance police traced the number and re- premises are marked was not for sale, and where it was turned the property to the owner, for ready identification by the premiums were sky-high. who lived in Saginaw, before he t In 1971, the independent insurance knew it was stolen from his summer Law Enforcemen Agencies agents of Michigan adopted Chief place. The burglars obviously had Holladay's idea and sponsored it on found no buyers for the branded loot a state-wide basis. They interested and abandoned it before they could vouw Independent) .Insufonce g /agent police departments and householders, be caught with it. In Saginaw itself SCHVIS VOU PIMST j and they volunteered to supply elec- there were 306 burglaries in 1971, fc==/ tric engraving pencils on loan and but none in "branded property" furnish warning stickers. The results homes. on a state-wide basis in Michigan In 1972, the National Association were as startling as they had been of Insurance Agents—an organiza- in Monterey Park. As soon as the tion of independent insurance agents

word got out, the stealing of branded —adopted the program nationwide, Burglars in large numbers have avoided equipment became a rarity; the re- volunteering to sponsor it for any homes with warning stickers like this one. turn of it when stolen a common- householder on a standardized basis. place. Early in the Michigan pro- At about the same time the Connecti- 10% premium reductions on home- gram, there were 14 burglaries of cut State Police adopted it on a state- owners policies to those who brand summer cottages in one resort area. wide basis. their property under such well or- In 13 of them the property was un- Since then, five major insurance ganized programs as exist in Michi- branded and never seen again. In the companies have offered from 5% to gan and Connecticut. The national insurance agents ass'n placed its nationwide program under its Consumers Insurance Information Bureau, and standardized the pro- cedures that participating insurance agents would operate under in coop- eration with any householder in the United States. They called their national pro- gram Operation Identification. From the very start, it produced the same results that earlier versions had. Ex- amples would run out the end of this magazine. Let's settle for one. In Hamilton County, Ohio, 17,000 homes out of 125,000 joined in Operation Identification the first year. Between March 1972 and March 1973, there were nearly 12,000 burglaries in non- participating homes, and only ten in participating homes. What number should be used as your private brand? Any number can be effective as long as you keep a record of it, and report it as the brand on something stolen from you. But a number used as part of a sys- tem is more effective for police re- trieval. The Michigan program used drivers license numbers, which are permanent for Michigan drivers. Po- lice departments in South Carolina and California use them, too. But they aren't permanent everywhere. The identification of a person from his Social Security will Demonstration of how and where to "brand" a TV set is offered by representative number not be of Dremel Manufacturing Co., maker of the particular engraving tool used here. (Continued on page 45)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 17 —

THAT WISWIMM PROHIBITIONIIVIIIVI llPtl

A fairly close look at the disastrous era when the U.S. Constitution forbade traffic in booze.

By LYNWOOD MARK RHODES

FOR 13 years, 10 months, 18 days, 18 hours and 55 minutes, start- ing at 12:01 a.m., Jan. 17, 1920, the Constitution of the United States under its 18th Amendment—prohib- ited "the manufacture, sale or trans- portation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory sub- ject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes." That was Prohibition, one of the maddest follies in our history. It was supposed to bring on an era of "clear thinking and clean living," to eradi- cate poverty, reunite broken fam- ilies, wipe out slums and perform any number of miracles. It produced the ratta-tat-tat of rival gangsters' tommyguns, the rumbling of trucks and the chugging of boats smuggling in booze, the gurgling of hip flasks, the clinking of glassware in speakeasies, the con- sumption of blinding and killing poi- sons in bootleg liquor, the bubbling of stills, the jingling of bribes for law officers, judges, prosecuting at- torneys and politicians. Drinking had been a personal lib- erty of Americans since the May- flower passengers drank beer in pref- erence to foul water on their Atlantic crossing. But not until Prohibition did it become the smartest thing to do, the "in" thing. Drunkenness in colleges and high schools soared like inflation today. For the first time in our history, women and girls of whatever social pretensions bellied up to bars like the dance hall darlings of the 49ers and the Klondike. Above all, Prohibition made a mockery of order, and permanently dam- law and In 1900, Carry Nation dramatized the 60-year-old drive for Prohibition by laying aged the previous respect our citizens waste to saloons with her hatchets. A tragic figure whose first marriage was de- had had for their government. stroyed by her husband's alcoholism, she did not live to see Prohibition adopted. Whatever they might have said against alcohol in church, most by the millions supported its flagrant of them had been the Women's Americans considered Prohibition to violation, swamping America in the Christian Temperance Union be an infringement on their basic worst crime wave and drinking spree (WCTU), the Anti-Saloon League liberties. They treated the Amend- yet known. and the one-woman army made up ment and its enforcing law—the Vol- Militant prohibitionists had cam- of the deeply disturbed, six-foot Kan- stead Act—with the contempt that paigned to outlaw alcoholic drinks san, Mrs. Carry Nation, whose first their ancestors had shown the Brit- for more than 80 years, with small marriage was destroyed by the alco- ish Stamp Act. They ignored it and success until 1917. The most famous holism of her doctor husband. Start-

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 The political power that brought on Prohibition was wielded Anti-Saloon League. Above, Wayne B. Wheeler, of the League, chiefly by the alliance of Protestant churches formed by the with followers. Wheeler is second from left in the front row. ing in Wichita, Kan., in the spring 13 states were again "bone dry." Just that Prohibition would help win of 1900, she set about the country what that meant is a question. There World War One. The grain saved wrecking saloons and hotel bars with was never a state in which one from making liquor and beer could hatchets, serving such jail sentences couldn't buy a drink, law or no law. feed three national armies, it was as she had to, lecturing on Prohibi- Carry Nation's first targets were a claimed. Wartime hatred of Ger- tion and supporting her activities by host of saloons in towns in "bone mans, many of whom were our lead- selling souvenir hatchets, until her dry" Kansas, including Wichita, En- ing brewers and distillers, was en- death in 1911. terprise, Danville, Winfield, Leaven- listed in the cause. The upshot was Earlier, prohibitionists had—by worth and Topeka. that the 18th Amendment rolled 1855—persuaded 13 states to enact In 1917, it was suddenly argued through Congress in December 1917, "dry laws." But within a few years, nine had rescinded them. The Na- tional Prohibition Party of 1869 (which ran James Black, of Pennsyl- vania, for President) had—along with the WCTU (1874)—persuaded Kansas to enact Prohibition in 1880, and a fresh wave of state prohibi- tions followed. The major argument was that drink absorbed the wages and destroyed the families of the "working classes" and was a major cause of crime. But by 1905, Maine, Nebraska and North Dakota were Kansas' only remaining dry compan- ions. However, by 1917, thanks largely to the drive of the Anti-Saloon League, under Wayne B. Wheeler Sen. Morris Sheppard Rep. Andrew Volstead and Ernest H. Cherrington and their (Tex.), author of the Prohi- (Minn.) drafted the act to mobilization of Protestant churches, bition Amendment in 1917. enforce the Prohibition law.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 19 Coast Guard boat chasing rum runner in Detroit River in 1925. This bootlegger got caught, most were unmolested or escaped.

CONTINUED and hotels or saloons selling intoxi- :.,s That Was Prohibition cants could be padlocked. A Prohibi- tion Bureau, with 1,520 special after its introduction by Sen. Morris agents, was formed within the Inter- Sheppard, of Texas. The vote was 65 nal Revenue Bureau. For each agent, to 20 in the Senate and 282 to 128 in the United States had 12 miles of the House. border, 2,000 square miles of interior WW1 veterans later said that Pro- and 70,000 people. hibition was put over in their ab- As the deadline neared, former sence, and would never have been President William Howard Taft ratified by the states if the cream of sounded a warning that the liquor the nation's manhood had been home business would "go out of the hands in civvies. But ratified it was, on Jan. of the law-abiding members of the 16, 1919, when Nebraska became the community and ... be transferred necessary 36th state to approve it. By to the quasi-criminal class." (He then, the war it was supposed to help could have left the "quasi" off). The win had been won. In the end, every American Federation of Labor held state but Connecticut and Rhode a stormy demonstration on the steps Island ratified it. of the Capitol, displaying signs with One year was allowed for brewers, the slogan, "No Beer, No Work." But distillers and dispensers of alcoholic they quieted down, went back to work beverages to wind up their affairs and got their beer in their own way. and find new occupations. Others emulated the ant by laying A Boston lass in 1927 with "rum apron" to tote several bottles To enforce Prohibition, when it down provisions for hard times. The under her coat. should take effect at midnight of Jan. Yale Club in New York stored up 16-17, 1920, Congress adopted a bill enough whiskey to last a prophetic of Rep. Andrew J. Volstead, of Min- 14 years. In the Christmas season of nesota. The Volstead Act declared 1919, hundreds of New Yorkers any beverage to be "intoxicating" if drove in a blizzard to upstate Ham- it contained more than one-half of mondsport, where 70,000 cases of one percent alcohol by volume. The champagne were up for grabs. standard beer was then 3.7% alcohol. In Chicago, a little girl roller- Search and seizure were authorized, skated 50 times to a warehouse to

Hip flasks were common, but these citi- zens liked volume and wore the large waist flasks shown in UP 1920 photo. bring home 50 bottles of whiskey, for which her sick father rewarded her with a bottle of ginger ale and a new pair of skates. A rich New Englander bought the whole stock of a New York distillery and hauled it away on Jan. 16 (the last day to do it legally) in dump trucks borrowed from a road-contractor friend. As church bells rang out across the nation, Prohibition began at 12:01 a.m., Saturday, Jan. 17, 1920. "The Sahara is no longer the largest dry area on earth," announced the Detroit Times. Evangelist Billy Sun- day preached a fervent goodbye to Demon Rum and John Barleycorn before 10,000 people in Norfolk, Va. "The slums will soon be only a mem- ory," he said. "We will turn our pris- ons into factories and our jails into storehouses and corncribs. Men will walk upright now, women will smile, and children will laugh. Hell will be forever for rent." The first Prohibition Commission- er, John F. Kramer, declared that, "This law will be obeyed in cities, large and small. Where it is not obeyed it will be enforced. The law says that liquor to be used as a bev- erage must not be manufactured. Nor sold, nor given away, nor hauled in anything on the surface of the earth or in the air." He reminded all that first offenders could be fined $1,000 and get six months in jail. Col. Daniel Porter, supervising rev- enue agent in New York, said that "there will be no violations to speak of." At 12:05 a.m., a Brooklyn saloon- keeper was arrested for serving a last glass of brandy. Less than an hour later, six masked men invaded a Chicago switchyard, held up every- one in sight and made off with two Members of O'Banion gang mowed down by Capone mobsters posing as police in Chicago's 1929 St. Valentine's Day Massacre. boxcars of whiskey valued at $100,- 000. From the first midnight on, hardly a moment passed when the law wasn't being flouted and the gov- ernment wasn't frantically trying to dam the flood of liquor inundating the country. Most Americans were simply in no mood to cooperate. For $7, a portable, one-gallon still could be bought in almost any hard- ware store, and thousands were sold in the first week. The Bureau warned that buying a still was illegal, unless the buyer signed an affidavit that it wouldn't be used to make liquor. No- body paid much attention. Libraries had countless books and magazines explaining the art of dis- tillation. Like many others, the New York Public Library complained that its entire collection was soon dog- eared, stolen or mutilated. A Dep't of Agriculture pamphlet described The good ship Star of Glasgow, loaded with hooch, sits just out of legal reach ALL UNCREDITED in PHOTOS COURTESY OF UPI Rum Row as Prohibition Director Canfield and a U.S. attorney eye it ruefully.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 21 The drinks are on the house in Sloppy Joe's bar in downtown needed 36th state to ratify repeal of Prohibition on Dec. 5, Chicago when news is flashed that Utah has just become the 1933. Of course, Sloppy Joe's had been in business all along.

CONTINUED Anyone could buy legal "wine That Was Prohibition bricks" of grape concentrate in a doz- en varieties, such as Bordeaux, Riesl- ing, sherry and even champagne. The how to make spirits of anything directions warned buyers not to dis- from pumpkins and parsnips to solve the brick in a gallon of water watermelons and apples. Another and let it sit for 21 days. "If you do," told how to make alcohol by catch- the notice said, "it will ferment and ing the steam from boiling cornmeal turn into wine. That would be illegal." in a towel and wringing it out. The Vine-Glo, a processed grape juice, result could be made palatable if could develop 15% alcohol if nursed laced with ginger ale and orange in water for 60 days. The demand juice. True to its dedication to edu- was so great that wine grapes rose cation in the uses of agriculture, the from $50 a ton to $175 in six years, Department kept the pamphlets avail- while a California grape grower able throughout the Prohibition era. called Andrew Volstead the patron Home-distilled alcohol became saint of the San Joaquin Valley. bathtub gin when mixed with a jig- Breweries could stay in business if ger of glycerine and a few drops of they made only "cereal beverage," or juniper juice. It wasn't really gin, but near-beer—a malt drink with less as one observer chuckled, "It was than half of one percent alcohol by guzzled with gusto and to hell with volume. It sometimes had a fair, the after effects." beery flavor, but never the effects ex- Before Prohibition, agents confis- pected by beer drinkers. Some 500 cated about 1,500 stills a year. Be- breweries produced it, and they mar- tween 1921 and 1925 they seized 693,- keted some of it legally as near-beer. 933, and said that for everyone taken The only way to make it was to make probably nine were undiscovered. An real beer first, then subtract enough abandoned church in Iowa had a alcohol to satisfy the Volstead Act. A $50,000 rig in its subcellar. So many lot of it got into the bootleg market stills ran full blast in North Tarry- with all the alcohol still in it, while town, N.Y., that the health depart- by the hundreds, lesser breweries ment begged householders not to flush filled orders that ended up in barrels the refuse down the drain, as sewers of near-beer in speakeasies. The ex- Texas (Hello, Sucker) Guinan, the most were being clogged with prune pits tracted alcohol followed surrepti- colorful of the speakeasy operators, and potato peelings. tiously, and the bartenders injected it makes one of her court appearances.

22 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 — J

they sucked on perfume, hair tonics, silo drainings, canned heat, radiator antifreeze, bay rum and anything else that had an odor of alcohol. Some drank an extract of Jamaica ginger, known as Jake, that was almost 90% alcohol. About 15,000 people suffered a paralysis from drinking Jake. They were called "jake trotters" and said to be "jake-jazzed." A "jake leg" was identifiable by his peculiar gait, de- scribed in detail in a 1925 issue of Collier's Weekly. Jake did not appear to kill, as some other whiskey sub- stitutes did, but "jake leg" was in some a permanent affliction. Industrial alcohol, produced by licensed distilleries, could be crip- pling, blinding or deadly if consumed. Bootleggers set up fake industries to buy the alcohol from government warehouses. It was all "denatured" to make it unfit to drink. Some contained harmless soft soap and lavender, but more had had wood alcohol or car- bolic acid added. Some small-time bootleggers sold it straight, resulting in extensive blindness and 60 deaths in New York alone in 1928. The New York Telegram put the national death average from bad liquor at 40 people per million. The larger outfits hired chemists to remove the poisons from industrial alcohol. The remainder—"washed al- cohol"—was mixed with water, some caramel for coloring, and oil of rye or bourbon for flavoring, to make a Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith made more than 4,000 arrests in New York as federal hooch that resembled the real thing. Prohibition agents. Nobody else was that zealous, and their reward was to get fired Add a little creosote to make syn- in 1925 "for the good of the service." They didn't object to a legal drink, and thetic scotch, and a bit of iodine for they are shown here celebrating repeal in 1933, eight years after they were canned. extra fire and bite. Other additives for special purposes, in supposedly into the near-beer barrels to produce boiled mash (known as wort, and not safe amounts, might be embalming potent "needled" beer. It never yet alcoholic) along with a cake of fluid, glycerin, sulfuric acid. tasted the same as real beer, and yeast that could take it the rest of the All such mixtures were offensive could produce awful hangovers. way. Home brewers snapped it up. to the taste, but so what? They had unmistakable wallop. Sometimes it had 20% alcohol. Some The Prohibition Bureau said that The thumbnail test devised. Stick bartenders needled near-beer with ad- Americans brewed 700 million gallons was your thumb in ( Continued on page ditives known only to them—fusel of beer at home in 1929, about a third 38 oil, the customers said, bragging at of what they'd bought in 1914. THE BETTM AN N ARCHIVE the toughness of their insides. But A government spokesman reported ether was the commonest non-alco- the people to be defiant, resentful or holic additive. It produced a quick indifferent to the law: that they felt jag and an awful hangover. shame only at getting caught violat- Most of the big-name breweries ing it, while they bragged of success- abided by the law and produced noth- ful violation. ing but near-beer. Anheuser-Busch, of Household moonshining became a Budweiser fame, went into the diesel- way of earning extra money, and this engine business on the side, while it was spelled out by an anonymous

spent $18 million converting its brew- poet in the New York World : "Mother ery to make a legal drink called Bevo. makes brandy from cherries; Pop Legionnaire Congressman Fiorello distills whiskey and gin; Sister sells LaGuardia, later Mayor of New York, wine from the grapes on our vine mixed some Bevo with an alcoholic Good grief, how the money rolls in!" malt tonic (for medicinal purposes Some Midwestern farmers stuffed only) and posed for pictures pro- pumpkins with corn sugar and apple nouncing the result "delicious." A cider. It was ripe in 21 days and "the folk rhyme of the time went: "Talk farmers had to be careful lest the about your Bevo, your Coca Cola too, cows get drunk on it." but when you're thirsty applejack Prohibition had attempted especial- Franklin Roosevelt. will do." ly to save the skid-row alcoholic When first nominated for President he an- A Chicago brewer halted brewing types, most of whom were too poor to nounced that the 18th Amendment halfway through and sold the cooled, pay bootleggers fees. In desperation, was doomed from that moment.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 23 . " :

Dateline Washington . .

SAVING FUEL—AND LIVES-AT 55 M.P.H. BRINGING "SUNSHINE" INTO WASHINGTON. STATE LOTTERY NO BIG PRIZE.

Impressed with the considerable savings National Science Foundation in Washington .

in lives , as well as fuel , resulting from Neither the lotteries nor off-track the temporary national 55-mile-per-hour betting are, or are likely to become, speed limit, a group of Senators is seeking stable and significant sources of govern- to make the restriction a permanent rule of ment revenue, according to the report.

the road . Lottery income contributes only a small The bloc, led by Sen. Charles H. Percy percentage of over-all state revenues, (111.), is aware that the legislation runs from seven-tenths of 1% in New York to 3.4% against the grain of American driving in New Jersey, the study found. habits. Nonetheless, the proponents argue Other findings that the speed curb not only has proven to State lotteries have had little impact be an important conserver of fuel during this on illegal gambling, especially on the era of shortage, but also a saver of human "numbers" game, "apparently because they life. They point to National Safety Council do not offer enough special attractions of figures which show that some 5,000 fewer their own." Poorer citizens spend a larger persons were killed on our highways during proportion of their income purchasing the first five months of the 55-mile-per- lottery tickets, thus in effect paying hour law. "regressive taxes." The present speed restriction expires June 30, 1975, or at an earlier date if the President declares that the fuel shortage is over. • PEOPLE & QUOTES

." INFLATION'S THREAT . . Asst. Att'y Gen. Henry E. Peterson. While the House has deferred action on "If long continued, infla- tion at anything like the self reform pending further study , the present rate would threaten DEAD END STREET Senate is anguishing over a reform bill of the very foundations of our "Protectionism is a dead society." Arthur F. Burns, its own , a measure which its sponsors say end street." West German chairman, Federal Reserve would bring "sunshine into the government . Chancellor Helmut Schmidt. Board. The legislation , introduced by Sen. Lawton Chiles (Fla.) and based on Florida KUDOS FOR COPS IT'S UP TO DRIVER state government policy, calls for public ". "For too long now, we in . . despite all vehicle meetings of all federal agencies and safety features, a car is only America's colleges . . . have Congressional Committees. Only certain conveyed to young men and as safe as its driver." Arthur F. Sampson, administrator, exceptions would be permitted , for reasons women the subtle message Gen. Services Admin. that there is somehow some- of security and such . Sponsors maintain thing wrong with 'being a that the public has the right to know when, cop.' " Dr. George L. Kirk- HISTORIC EFFICIENCY? where and how its business is being ham, Florida State Univ. ". conducted by the government. . . the Federal Govern- ment may be on the brink of Opponents of the legislation argue that NEGATIVISM the greatest improvement in some sessions require secrecy in order to "Our greatest threat comes Federal Government efficiency speed up legislative and executive action. from no foreign foe, but from in our history." Sen. William "Sunshine" bill supporters insist the open those at home who seek to Proxmire (Wis.). sessions would speed, rather than delay, impose the power of negative thinking." Vice President SOAPBOX PUNDITS action. Gerald Ford. "Increasingly, small groups of women, elected WIRETAPPING WORKS men and by no one, announce that they ". privy State lotteries are proving to be no . . electronic surveillance alone are to the secret to date, the of what constitutes the public "prize package " means of raising revenue techniques are, , most effective method to interest." Walter B. Wriston, according to a recently completed study of bring criminal sanctions chairman, First Nat'l City legalized gambling initiated by the against organized criminals. Corp.

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 . — ,

VETERANS A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH ARE NEWSLETTER OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU

AUGUST 1974

SENATE PASSES IMPROVED VETS EDUCATION by all yardsticks have been proven advan- BILL WITH TUITION FEATURE: CONFERENCE tageous to the nation for the last 30 years. COMMITTEE OF BOTH HOUSES MEETS ON IT: In a related development, Congress passed and the President signed legis- As Veterans Newsletter went to press, lation extending for two years (from the Senate passed 91-0 a bill to provide period of veteran eligi- greatly improved education benefits 8 to 10) the bility for education benefits. for Vietnam Era veterans and sent it to a Conference Committee of both Houses... MORE THAN 875,000 MAY LOSE OR The House had earlier adopted a vets educa- HAVE VA PENSION BENEFITS REDUCED tion bill but with some maj or differences DUE TO 1974 SOCIAL SECURITY RAISES: the main point of contention being the payment of tuition to vets in addition to As a result of the two Social Security subsistence ... The Senate version provides increases in 1974, more than 75,000 VA for up to $720 per year in tuition, a feature pensioners may be removed from the rolls the House Committee has strenuously re- next January because their total income sisted since there were abuses of the pro- will be over the limits allowed by VA gram by some institutions during the 1950 's. law. . .Another 800,000 or so will have their This opposition has been led by Rep. benefits reduced as a result of Social

OlinE. Teague (Tex.), former Committee Security raises ... That ' s over 875,000 Chmn, who continues to insist, among lost or reduced VA pensions out of a total other things , that a tuition program could of 2.3 million on the rolls. . .These figures not be properly administered and con- do not take into account those who may trolled, that it would be inequitable lose or have reduced benefits due to slight because it would subsidize veteran stu- increases in other income which could also dents at high cost private institutions put them over the limit. while not providing increased benefits Back when 1974 was beginning, for vets at publicly-supported schools and Congressional leaders were saying they that vets would not be getting equal would study pension reform programs which benefits for equal military service. would alleviate the necessity to pass

As a matter of fact , the Senate bill legislation to save pensions or raise would provide tuition of up_ to $720 (not income limitations each time Social to exceed actual cost) for veterans in Security benefits were boosted... By the high cost schools, for veterans in low cost end of June pension reform had not yet

schools , and for veterans who today cannot reached the public discussion stage but go to school at all on their G.I. benefits the Chairmen of both Veterans Affairs unless they get tuition assistance. . Committees had assured the Legion that The main concern of the Legion is for the hearings would start soon... If the nation's

last named group. . .The Legion has for lawmakers don't address themselves to the years been trying to get jobs for thou- problem soon after Labor Day, the

sands of them. . . It is also concerned for possibility exists that they won't even the many veterans who must shop around have time to adopt the usual stop-gap for a low cost education simply because legislation, let alone serious pension they cannot afford better without tuition reform and restructuring. aid. . .As Veterans Newsletter went to press The American Legion has had legislation the question of whether the tuition pro- in the 93rd Congress seeking amendments to vision would survive was wide open. the current VA pension program. .. Our As the time neared for the two Veterans proposed bill (based on 1973 mandates) Affairs Committees to confer, the Legion calls for increases (by $400) in the increased its tempo of pressure—urging income limitations to $3,000 for single support for the Senate version. . .Letters veterans and $4,200 for those with

and telegrams were sent to Congressmen and dependents. . .But the research which Senators, Legion leaders and others around indicated then that a $400 increase might the nation who could provide help and be equitable is already outdated and

support for the improved benefits. . .Nat ' 1 present cost-of-living figures show that Cmdr Robert E. L. Eaton personally con- a $700 boost might come closer to the

tacted many Members of Congress. . .The mark. . .At any rate, Legion mandates arising hour is late for Vietnam vets to receive out of the National Convention in Miami education benefits equitable and similar Beach this month will definitely treat to those accorded WW2 vets—benefits which with the question and the Legion's position

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 25 .

CONTINUED VETERANS NEWSLETTER

will reflect that change... The 1973 class mailers of profit-oriented and mandates also called for (1) an increase non-profit publications ... The new law will in the amount of pension payable by extend the phase-in program for future approximately $15.00, (2) increases in the second-class postal rate increases from spouse's income (which is countable as ten to 16 years for non-profit mailers the veteran's in computing his entitle- (such as this magazine) and from five to ment) an , (3) increase in the aid-and- eight years for profit-oriented publica- attendance allowance, and, (4) and tions .. .Essentially , the new law buys time additional $25.00 per month payable to for both classes of publications to more each veteran entitled to VA pension easily assimilate the higher costs of benefits when he reaches 72 years of age. mailing. . .The bill passed the Senate 71-11 As the cost-of-living has spiraled and passed the House 277-129. . .This is upward and Social Security benefits and the first amendment to the Postal Re- other income have risen, the problem of organization Act of 1970. . .Legion mail income limitations and the amount of to Congress on the subject helped convince pension payable to VA pensioners has the lawmakers on the need for remedial become more critical ... The Legion's mail legislation. . .Rep. James M. Hanley on the subject has risen right (N. along with Y. ) , House Post Office & Civil the problem... If you are a VA pensioner and Service Subcommittee Chmn, success- your income is close to the upper limits, you fully managed the bill into law. can most help your cause by writing your Congressman and Senators of the urgent need OKLAHOMA PASSES ITS OWN "G.I. BILL" for pension reform this year. FOR VIET VET VOCATIONAL STUDENTS: BACK PAY MAY BE DUE VETERANS WHO The State of Oklahoma has passed its own WERE IN SERVICE OCT. 1-DEC. 31, 1972: "G.I. Bill" which will permit Vietnam Era veterans of honorable service to attend Former servicemen who were in uniform state-supported vocational and technical from Oct. 1, 1972 to Dec. 31, 1972 may be schools without payment of tuition for a eligible for some retroactive pay because maximum of 36 months. To qualify, the vet of a recent federal court ruling which must have served a minimum of 18 consecutive prescribes that a 1972 pay increase of months active duty between Aug. 10, 1964 6.14% was effective Oct. 1, 1972 rather and Aug. 15, 1973, be a resident of than Jan. 1, 1973. . .Veterans with active Oklahoma at time of entry into service, duty after the Oct. 1, 1972 date should accept the benefits within 10 years of make out a back pay claim in the form of a discharge and satisfy entrance and short letter. . .Include full name, Social eligibility requirements for the Security number, military service number, institution to be attended. . .The benefits rank, current mailing address, are also open to descendants^of Oklahoma date separated from service, and duty Viet vets who are missing-in-action or a station between the dates above... prisoner of war. Depending on branch of service, the claim letter should be sent to: ARMY: Commanding MONTANA VOTES VIET VETS BONUS: General, U. S. Army Finance Support Agency, FINCS-A Indianapolis, Ind.. Montana is the 16th state to vote a bonus 46249; to its NAVY: Commanding Officer, Navy Vietnam Era veterans. . .The Finance Center. Anthony J. Celebrezze eligibility period is from Jan. 1, 1961 to Fe deral Bldg.. Cleveland. 0., 44199: Mar. 31, 1973 and payment will be made to AIR FORCE: Air Force Accounting and eligible veterans who served in Vietnam, Finance Center. AFC, 3800 York St., Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and adjacent Denver, Colo., 80205; MARINE CORPS: waters... The rate of payment will amount Finance Center. Examination Div. to $18.75 for each month spent in the combat Kansas City, Mo.. 64197 and COAST GUARD: area with a minimum of $750 going to Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard. ex-POW s. . .Where death of a veteran occurs G-FPA-2/71, Washington, D. C. 20590. before payment, surviving spouse, children or parents will be paid... Prior residence NEW LAW PROVIDES MAIL RATE RELIEF in the state and an honorable discharge are FOR SECOND-CLASS PUBLICATIONS: necessary... Inquiries should be directed to State Board of Examiners, Capitol The President has signed legislation Bldg., Helena, Mont., 59601 . . .Claimants providing a measure of relief for second- have until July 1, 1976 to apply.

THE 26 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 AMERICAN LEGION NEWS AND VETERANS AFFAIRS

AUGUST, 1974 Get Top Sec y Kissinger To Nat'l Membership Bulletin Legion Award At Miami Beach By the end of June national membership in The American Le-

gion had reached 2,635,690 . . . Legion to present its Distinguished Service Medal to Sec- 26,761 behind last year's figures for retary of State Henry Kissinger and Rep. F. Edward Hebert the same date. Despite this, three departments (Maryland, Minnesota (La.) at its 56th Annual National Convention, Aug. 16-22. and North Dakota) managed to reach all-time highs; a total of 13 Secretary of State Henry Kissinger sentatives of Legion Youth Programs. departments exceeded last year's has been awarded The American Le- Here's a day-by-day schedule of total membership (the three above gion's Distinguished Service Medal "in events as planned by the end of June. plus Colo., Ind., Maine, Miss., recognition of his outstanding services Friday, Aug. 16: Standing Commis- Nev., Ohio, Tex., Utah, W. Va., and to the nation" and will accept the award sions & Committees begin meetings at Wyo.); and 22 departments reached year. at the Legion's 56th Annual National the Fontainebleau with the exception of their assigned goals for the Convention in Miami Beach, Fla., Aug. the Foreign Relations Commission 16-22. The globe-girdling Secretary which meets at the Eden Roc Hotel. The cabled his acceptance to the Legion's third Annual Sons of The American invitation from Brussels where he was Legion Convention begins sessions at nior Field Band (Nautilus School, Polo at the time attending NATO talks. He Fontainebleau. Contest Committee Park) and junior & senior color guard will be the featured speaker at the Na- meetings and Contest Headquarters at contests (Flamingo Park Baseball Field) tional Commander's Banquet to Dis- the DiLido Hotel. Preliminaries of the will take place in morning. The National tinguished Guests on Aug. 20 at the junior and senior drum corps (Flamingo Historian's Luncheon will be held 12:00 Fontainebleau Hotel. Park Football Field), the firing squad p.m., noon, Doral Hotel. The Nat'l Rep. F. Edward Hebert (La.), Chair- contest and the junior and senior drill American Legion Press Ass'n will hold man of the Armed Services Committee team contests (Flamingo Park Baseball its Annual Awards Banquet, 7:00 p.m., of the House of Representatives will re- Field) will be held. Fontainebleau. Annual meeting and ceive his Distinguished Service Medal Saturday, Aug. 17: Standing Com- election of officers the following day. during National Convention sessions for missions & Committees continue ses- The Legion's musical and marching his dedicated service on behalf of the sions. Nat'l Security Commission begins events—this year termed a Musica '76 nation's defense system. meetings at the Eden Roc. Spirit of Spectacular—will take place at Dade Here are the latest details of the con- Committee begins meetings. Sons of Community College Stadium, 11380 vention that News of the Legion is able The Legion Convention continues. Ju- N.W. 27th Ave., Miami, beginning a to publish before the actual event. • Fontainebleau Hotel will be The Mail to: the National Headquarters Hotel as well The Seagram Posts as the site of actual convention sessions, the National Commander's Banquet to American Legion, P.O. Box 39-1862 Distinguished Guests and most national Miami Beach, Florida 33139 commission and committee meetings.

Gentlemen: I a of , American • The American Legion Auxiliary am member Post # Headquarters, convention sessions and Legion, or a member of Unit # _, American Legion States Dinner will be held at the Diplo- mat Hotel, Hollywood, Fla. There is Auxiliary located in (City) (State) regular scheduled bus service between Please enter my name in the free drawings for four Ford the Fontainebleau and the Diplomat on Gran Torino 2-door Hardtops donated by the Seagram the D Line Hollywood Bus of the Grey- Corpor- line Bus Co. During the convention Posts to the American Legion 1974 Convention extra bus service will be provided. Bus ation of Florida. Drawings to be held Saturday, August fare is no more than 500 each way. 17, 1974 in the Dade Community College, North Stadi- • The Legion's Fourth Estate Award um, Miami, Florida. Entries must be received no later will be presented to James Kilpatrick, than noon, August 17, 1974. radio newsman and syndicated colum- nist. (Please Print) • Among speakers and distinguished Name guests invited to the convention: Gov. Reubin Askew of Florida, Mayor Chuck Address Hall of Miami Beach, Gen. David C. Jones, Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force, City State. Zip. Rear Admiral Jeremiah A. Denton, Jr., Legion or Auxiliary Membership Card # former POW in Vietnam, and repre-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 27 NEWS

gion). That evening the Miami Dolphins to support efforts to pass the bill. Legion Gets Discount play a pre-season exhibition football Waldrip, a banker, helped iron out game with their 1973 Super Bowl rivals, the complex finance-related provisions The Avis Rent A Car System. the Minnesota Vikings (details published that were implicit in the housing and Inc., has offered to Legionnaires in July News of the Legion). Also that business loan aspects of the bill. renting Avis automobiles discounts evening, the Miami Philharmonic Or- Brandon took on special legislative of 20% on domestic rentals (not chestra performs a "Salute to The tasks, and was instrumental in overcom- Canada or International) simply by American Legion" concert at 8:00 p.m., ing intense resistance to the first G.I. presenting their current official Le- Gusman Hall, Miami, under the spon- Bill in the House Veterans Affairs Com- gion membership card at the rental sorship of distinguished financier- mittee. counter when arranging for the car. philanthropist Maurice Gusman of Key Colmery, as the drafter of the entire The discount, however, does not ap- Biscayne, Fla. Free tickets on a limited bill, was head of a large Topeka and ply to special economy rate plans basis available through Legion Depart- Washington-based law firm. He main- that have been pre-discounted. Also, ment Adjutants. tained the Mayflower suite for the each member is responsible for his Tuesday, Aug. 20: National Conven- Washington end of his legal practice. own individual payment arrange- tion sessions begin 9:00 a.m., Grand There, in 1943-44, he burned the mid- ments (cash or credit) with Avis. Ballroom, Fontainebleau, when National night oil working the bill into its neces- This program was made possible Commander Robert E. L. Eaton raps sary legalistic form. by action of the National Executive opening gavel. Nat'l Cmdr's Dinner to The fifth survivor, Robert Sisson, of Committee in May when it moved Distinguished Guests, 7:30 p.m., Grand Arkansas, was unable to attend. to allow the national organization Ballroom, Fontainebleau. The other members of the famous to accept offers from certain per- Wednesday, Aug. 21: Second day of team, all now deceased, were its chair- sons, firms, corporations or organi- National Convention. American Legion man, John Stelle (111.) (later Nat'l zations (subject to strict guidelines) Auxiliary States Dinner, Diplomat Ho- Cmdr); Sam Rorex (Ark.); Robert Mc- which would enhance the value of tel, Hollywood, Fla., 8:00 p.m. Curdy (Calif.); Maurice Devine (N.H.); the Legion membership card. More Thursday, Aug. 22: Last day of Na- and Lawrence Fenlon (111.). details will be announced as they tional Convention, election of National Presiding at the Mayflower cere- become available. Commander and national officers. Post- monies, and representing Nat'l Cmdr convention meeting of National Execu- Robert E.L. Eaton, was one of the tive Committee. early beneficiaries of the WW2 G.I. Bill, Past Nat'l Cmdr John Geiger, who at- 7:00 p.m. The 28th Annual Drawing tended the U. of Illinois under its pro- G.I. Bill's 30th Ann'y for four Ford Gran Torino cars donated visions. by the Seagram Posts of The American If The American Legion never did Legion will also take place at Dade another thing in its entire history other Stadium. In addition, the Seagram Posts than conceive and preside at the birth will present $250 to the posts or units and later growth of the G.I. Bill of of winning Legionnaires or Auxiliary Rights—the first legislation of its kind members. No need to be there to win. ever enacted— it could easily justify its Simply fill out the coupon on p. 27 and existence and insure its immortality on send it along. Entries must be received the strength of that action alone. no later than noon, Aug. 17, 1974. On June 21 the 30th anniversary of Names of winners will be published in the creation of the WW2 G.I. Bill of the convention issue of this magazine. Rights, and its signing by President Sunday, Aug. 18: Convention Com- Franklin D. Roosevelt, was commemo- mittees begin meetings at Fontainebleau rated when the Mayflower Hotel in with exception of Foreign Relations and Washington, D.C., placed a plaque on National Security Commissions which the door of its Suite 570, the set of meet at Eden Roc Hotel. Junior & Se- rooms in which Legion Past National nior Bands (Nautilus School Auditorium, Commander Harry W. Colmery of Harry Colmery recounts G. I. Bill story at Polo Park) and Chorus Quartet con- Kansas drafted the first version of the & Mayflower. M. C. Geiger listens intently. tests (Fontainebleau Hotel Ballroom). historic G.I. Bill of Rights in longhand National Executive Committee holds on Mayflower Hotel stationery. pre-convention meeting at 2:00 p.m., Of the ten members of the special Of the Members of Congress who Fontainebleau. National Convention Pa- Legion committee which devised the voted on the original G.I. Bill 30 years triotic & Memorial Service takes place first G.I. Bill in 1943-44 and led the ago, one, Rep. Claude Pepper (Fla.) at 4:00 p.m., Fontainebleau. The Na- effort to have it enacted, five now sur- was present. He was then a Senator. tional Convention Parade begins at 7:00 vive. Four of them were at the May- Messrs Atherton and Colmery re- p.m., from 11th Street in Miami Beach flower dedication. They were Colmery, counted the many months of work that and goes north on Washington Ave., whose main job was to draft the omni- went into the preparation of the bill that past the Reviewing Stand in front of bus bill—pulling together aspects con- encompassed 10 main essentials—fea- the Miami Beach Convention Center tained in several hundred bills pro- tures which were never to be changed (approximately 18th St.) and ends near posed; W.B. Waldrip (Mich.); Lyle W. or abandoned: educational opportunity, Dade Boulevard and 20th Street about Brandon (Miss.); and Warren Atherton vocational and on-the-job training, re- four or five hours later. (Calif.). adjustment allowances (unemployment Monday, Aug. 19: Convention Com- Atherton, then Legion National Com- compensation); home, farm and business mittees complete meetings. A National mander, appointed the other nine mem- loans; review of discharges, adequate Convention Golf Tournament is sched- bers of the committee and was their ex hospitalization; prompt settlement of uled for the Doral Country Club (de- officio head—and as Nat'l Cmdr he pre- disability claims, mustering-out pay tails published in July News of the Le- sided over the organizing of the Legion (which was eliminated from the bill fol-

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 Allied Ceremonies In Normandy Commemorate D-Day Landings 30 Years Ago

French jet fighters fly over Normandy on June 6, 1974 as U. S. ground troops re-enact D-Day landings of 30 years earlier. Later, there were memorial observances at Allied cemeteries. Above, right, ceremony at the U. S. Cemetery, St. Laurent sur Mer.

lowing its separate enactment by Con- repaid in full. Nat'! Cmdr's NATO Tour just the Bill's gress); an effective veterans employment Those are a few of G.I. In late May and early June Nat'l or placement service, and concentration statistics. Cmdr Robert E.L. Eaton took a three- of all veterans functions in the Veterans Another famous G.I. Bill alumnus, week military and diplomatic briefing Administration. VA Administrator Donald E. Johnson, tour through Europe and the Middle Mr. Colmery had with him many also a Legion Past National Com- East. sheets of Mayflower Hotel stationery mander, declared at the ceremonies that Highlights of the tour included par- which contained his original notes on the G.I. Bill could very well be recorded ticipation in ceremonies to honor the history the bill. He said that no one person in as "the most important piece war dead at the Arc de Triomphe in could accept credit for the legislation of legislation ever enacted by Congress." Paris, a visit to Paris Post 1 and a visit but that it was a product of teamwork Across town, on Capitol Hill, the to Sixth Allied Tactical Air Force Head- still petitioning on the part of all members of the Spe- Legion was and work- quarters in Izmir, Turkey. cial ing with Congress to continue improve- Committee, The American Legion at Other points visited for NATO brief- all levels, the Congress, and the Presi- ments to another G.I. Bill—this time for ings included: Frankfurt and Munich dent who signed the measure, making Vietnam Era vets for whom the Legion Germany; Ankara, Turkey; Athens, it seeking the college tui- law. was education Greece; Rome, Italy, and Madrid, "Those who deserve the greatest tion payments that WW2 vets enjoyed. Spain. praise, in my opinion, are the G.I.'s Following the plaque dedication the who accepted the benefits and whose Mayflower tendered a luncheon in its Legion World Series superb performance in college and since Presidential Dining Room for the cere- The 1974 American Legion Baseball have made many of them leaders in the monial group. Host for the luncheon, World Series will be held Aug. 22-26 preservation of the American way of hotel general manager Robert Wilhelm, at Legion Field, Roseburg, Ore. Life," said Mr. Colmery. who also got schooling on the G.I. Bill. Host post for the 14-game, two- And, the bare statistics of the G.I. (And so did this writer.) losses-and-out series will be Umpqua Bill's successes are monumental. Ac- cording to the VA, during the past 30 Johnny Bench Gets Legion Baseball Graduate Of The Year Trophy years, $29 billion has been invested in G.I. Bill education and training for 15 million veterans of WW2 and later wars. This money will be more than repaid during the lifetime of its veteran bene- ficiaries in the added federal income tax that they will pay on increased earnings made possible by the G.I. Bill education and training. This is espe- cially true of college graduate veterans. More than $103 billion in G.I. Bill home loans for nearly 8.5 million vet- erans has been guaranteed by the VA since 1944. Viewed from any angle this factor alone has zoomed single home ownership and changed the living and cultural patterns of millions of Amer- icans who own their own home in the Cincinnati Reds catcher Johnny Bench holds Legion Baseball Graduate of the Year suburbs, where the preponderance of Trophy just presented to him by Nat'l Vice Cmdr Gib Sheeks (r) during pre-game cere- monies at Riverfront U.S. population now resides. More than Stadium, June 22. Others in photo (I to r): James S. Whitfield, Exec Director, Legion Indianapolis Hq; Jack Barnes of Altus, Okla., Oklahoma Legion half of these loans have already been Baseball Chmn; and Cecil E. Powell, Lawton, Okla., Bench's Legion baseball coach.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 29 .

NEWS

Post 16. If a tie results by the end of tral Plains Regional, Orval Smith Field, Also honored were The American the 14th game, a 15th will be played on Ralston, Neb., host, Ralston Post 373; Legion Boys Nation President and sev- Aug. 27. Pacific Northwest Regional, Kiger Sta- eral Boys State delegates, sponsored by Leading up to the World Series will dium, Klamath Falls, Ore., host, Klam- their respective departments or local be elimination tourneys held in eight ath Post 8; Western Regional, Bor- sponsors. Previously, the Digest had regional cities beginning on Aug. 14. man Field, Yountville, Cal., host, Ana- sponsored 10 Legion champion orators Here are the locations and names of heim Sports, Inc. to the Academy. host posts: Northeastern Regional, Gill The American Academy of Achieve- Stadium, Manchester, N. H., host, Man- Reader's Digest Helps ment is a private non-profit foundation chester Post 79; Mid-Atlantic Regional, governed and sponsored by prominent Bergen County Park, Lyndhurst, N. J., The Reader's Digest Magazine spon- businessmen and other professionals. It host, Barringer-Walker-LoPinto Post sored 25 American Legion State Ora- is dedicated to the inspiration of youth 139; Southeastern Regional, Al Lang torical Champions at the American and its activities are capped at an annual Field, St. Petersburg, Fla., host, St. Academy of Achievement's 13 th Annual Banquet of the Golden Plate weekend Petersburg Post 14; Mid-South Re- "Salute to Excellence" in Salt Lake City, at which approximately 50 "Captains of gional, Blues Stadium, Memphis, Tenn., Utah, June 27-30. Included in the 25 Achievement" from America's great host, Memphis Post 1; Great Lakes Re- were the Legion's four National Ora- walks of life and several hundred out- gional, Bukolt Park, Stevens Point, torical Finalists (see June News of the standing high school honor students Wis., host, Berens-Scribner Post 6; Cen- Legion) from across the nation are honored.

Western Maryland Legion District Dedicates Its New Boys Camp ANNE KING

West Mar Camp dedication flag-raising. Six hundred had chicken barbecue. West Mar's swimming pool ready for use.

On June 9, over 600 Maryland Le- recommended by one of the following: and at the present time, have con- gion and Auxiliary members were on law enforcement officials, principal of structed six cottages (each will hold 20 hand as National Commander Robert the school the boy was attending, Chil- boys and two counselors), a 40 x 60 ft. E. L. Eaton dedicated Camp West Mar, dren's Aid Societies, religious leaders or swimming pool with a bath house, a 40 a camp for young boys near Thurmont, the State Dep't of Juvenile Delinquency. x 80 ft. kitchen and dining hall, a latrine, Md., owned and operated by the Western No member of the Legion or the staff a large storage building, a complete Maryland District of that state. Behind of Camp West Mar could select a boy to sewage system and we are constructing that simple news item is a story of a attend camp unless he was in one of the a 1.3 acre lake. With the exception of 15-year-old dream that took shape and above categories. the dining hall, swimming pool, latrine finally became reality through the hard "After two years of renting various and sewage system, all was built with work and persistence of a lot of Legion camp sites, it was decided to purchase volunteer help—including a bridge we people. The story is actually best told in 45 acres of land for the sum of $3,500 built over a small stream. Thousands of words excerpted from a letter written to and build a camp. We took an option on hours of work have been donated. Mem- this magazine by Richard W. Graham, the land and had 30 days to raise the bers of three Army Reserve units have Chairman of the Board of Directors of money. Well, we raised it in three weeks helped us during the past year. During Camp West Mar. and we were on our way by September the past three years we raised approxi- 1961. We erected a large storage build- mately $70,000 but are presently bor- "The idea for the camp was born in ing and were developing plans for other rowing money to complete the camp. 1959 when members of Francis Scott buildings when we received a letter from "More than 1,000 boys have attended

Key Post 1 1 were approached by various the State of Maryland that Interstate 70 camp during the past 14 years. Our civic leaders on the feasibility of con- would be built and it appeared that the camp program consists of first aid, hunt- ducting a summer camp for young boys. highway would go through our land and er and firearm instructions, swimming Since the project of conducting such a no further construction permits would instructions, sports, Americanism, per- camp was too great for the post or the be issued. After years of indecision by sonal hygiene, archery and nature Frederick County Council to undertake, various state and federal officials, we studies. During these years we have had the idea was presented to the Western were finally informed that the state wonderful support from many people Maryland District at the regular meet- would purchase our land and building and agencies." ing in November 1959 where it was for $20,500. We sold the camp. Nat'l Executive Committeeman Jack voted to start such a camp with a week's "In April 1969 we purchased 75 acres E. Dyke and Dep't Cmdr Robert N. Ford encampment to be held in the summer of mountain land, approximately three led a host of Maryland Legion leaders of 1960. The boys were to be selected miles from Camp David (the Presi- who attended. The First U.S. Army from underprivileged families. For a dential retreat) for the sum of $16,500. Marching Band played a concert and all boy to attend camp he would have to be We had to build a road into our ground were treated to a chicken barbecue.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 Nat'l Security Seminar Snohomish County in helping with search and rescue operations or in re- Covering all aspects of national se- porting emergencies spotted by the mo- curity affairs and interests, a two-week bile units as they travel in their daily seminar was held in Murfreesboro, Tenn. business. Co-sponsored by the Murfreesboro Ki- Says Wing: "Our Search and Rescue wanis Club and the Military Science teams can be put into the field in ap- Dep't of the Middle Tennessee State proximately one-half hour. At the Univ., the seminar opened with a talk present time we have five teams of four by Dr. Theodore C. Marrs, deputy as- men each. In this way we can cover a sistant sec'y for defense, manpower and wide area and have complete control. reserve affairs. years ago our group "About two when Phila. parole agent wins Legion award. was first started, two small girls were Pennsylvania Probation reported lost. We gathered our group The Board of together and began a search. We did and Parole (PBPP) joined Dep't Cmdr Don Jeffery in presenting the second find the girls but it took too long as we were not well organized and had no con- annual American Legion Parole Agent trol over the searchers. of the Year Award. The recipient was David Holman, Parole Agent II, of the "Our organization is set up now with District said five team captains and four units as- Philadelphia Office. Jeffery signed to each captain. After the teams that the Legion honor is presented that are assigned their areas, the only indi- annually to individual who has services vidual who can report back to the dis- provided outstanding to the PBPP. In the photo, L to R, are patcher is the unit captain. The dis- Eaton, General Powers Cmdr patcher gives necessary information to William Butler, Board Chairman; Hol- man; Cmdr Jeffery; and Ed Shurtleff, Legion Nat'l Cmdr Robert E. Lee the radio officer and search coordinator Dep't Law & Order Chairman. Eaton visited the seminar and took part (local law enforcement group) who at his option advises his own group as to in the closing ceremonies. He spoke on POSTS IN ACTION this country's total force posture. In the the area in which they are needed. photo he is shown (at left) with Maj. "We control our own group on the Gen. Patrick Powers, Cmdr, U.S. Army emergency channel (9) and our team Readiness, Region II. captains control their units on an as- Among Legion officials participating signed channel. This system has proven in the seminar were Granville S. Ridley, itself in operation. We can use our group chmn of the Legion's Nat'l Security in the city, county, and in the moun- Council and Jay E. Harville, Nat'l Ex- tains. During hunting season, we always ecutive Committeeman, Dept of Ten- have a group on stand-by. Our group nessee. searches for lost hunters, hikers, chil- Post 24, III., honors wheelchair teams. dren and campers and assists in many Post-operated Radio Station other emergencies." For the past 21 years, Post 24, Cham- Station KFQ 9976 are the call letters paign, III., has sponsored an annual for a Citizens Band Radio station oper- banquet honoring the Univ. of Illinois ated by members of Post 126, Seattle, BRIEFLY NOTED Gizz Kids and Champaign-Urbana Wash. The letters have also spelled re- At the 7th Annual Convention of the Black Knights wheelchair basketball vival for a post that was down to six Nat'l Assoc. of Concerned Veterans, in teams. Served by the Auxiliary, the ban- active members (although a greater num- Rochester, N.Y., Cmdr Richard O'Brian quet is held at the post home. In the ber were paying dues). The post is now of the Monroe County Legion presented photo, which shows those players who flourishing with activity in community a check for $1,000 to James Mayer, received special awards, are (I. to rt., service. president of NACV. The check was front row) Larry Labiak, captain-elect, Twenty-two members now own their then given to the Veterans Assoc. of the Gizz Kids; Dan Dropko, captain-elect, own CB equipment, including a "base State Univ. College at Brockport. The Black Knights; Carl Surer, retiring cap- station" at home and mobile units oper- Association was host for the conven- tain, Black Knights; and Carl Lewis, ated by both husband and wife, giving tion. The money will be used by the most improved. Black Knights. In the the post a network of 44 mobile units in Association to establish an emergency back row are Ray Satthoff, Post 24 the field. (See photo below.) loan fund to be used specifically for banquet chmn; Cecil Coleman, Univ. of All of this, Post Radio Officer Al Wing books. The fund will be known as the Illinois athletic director; Ron Menaugh, believes, provides the post with the capa- James Mayer Book Loan Fund in recog- Post Cmdr; Bob Szyman, Gizz Kids bility of aiding law enforcement agencies nition of Mr. Mayer's leadership as coach; and Paul Jarboe, most valuable in northern King County and southern president of NACV. player. Black Knights. When Post 24 built its present home, the contractor was told that the building had to be on ground level with no steps and with wide hallways to permit paraplegics to move easily. B Post 213, Sherwood, N. Dak., con- ducted Memorial Day activities at the Border, where American Legion and Canadian Legion comrades met, ex- changed flags, and received a welcome Post 126, Seattle, Wash., can field 22 Citizens Band Radio units in 30 minutes. from Mayor Willie Kosel. In return,

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 31 NEWS

American Legionnaires journey to var- bridge and whose efforts resulted in the ious posts in Canada to help them ob- required legislation, Post Cmdr Jerry serve Veterans Day. Klein, and Joseph Vermaelen, TBTA Executive Officer and Chief Engineer. The legislation was introduced by State Senator John J. Santucci and Assembly- JOHN H. L00KH0FF man Herbert A. Posner.

POST 242 Livingston, N.J., Post 201 was honored by the New Jersey Press Assoc. with first prize for Community Service ad- a mericanism oyalty l vertising in the state-wide competition sponsored by the Association. Post 201 Membership Effort was nominated by the West Essex Tri- bune for the post's weekly campaign in Equality Godliness promoting conservation and its support of worthy causes in the community. Post PR chairman Sal Quintana announced Gift to the blind from Post 307, Calif. Rehabilitation I nspiration that the post has triumphed in this cate-

gory in 1964, 1967, 1970 and this year, for blind persons. In the photo, the first I n dependence Obedience being allowed to compete only every recipient, Vern Crowder (center), a stu- third year in accordance with the rules dent at the Univ. of California at River- of the NJPA. Comradeship Neighborly side, is shown with his dog. Dr. Snyder, a Past Post Cmdr, is at left and Samsel, Post 415, Saddle Brook, N.J., launched chmn of Community Service projects, is Activity a youth program in which the Army, Air at right. The dogs cost $500 each. Force, Navy and Marines provided films of service life and background. The N ECESS1TY Post 24, Blytheville, Ark., placed grave Fire Dep't discussed fire prevention. For markers at the foot of all veterans' a change of pace, the rock band, Sons graves in five cemeteries in the Blythe- of Satan, played what the youngsters, ville Community, located in Mississippi from eight to 15, wanted to hear. The County in Northeast Arkansas. These Alfred Tomarchio distributes program was so very well received that the above included all those veterans who served card, which measures approximately it will event. be an annual in any previous war, including Vietnam. 2%x4", as part of his work in securing members for Post 242, Pompton Plains, More than 800 grave markers were N.J. He's won three nat'l membership Post 272, Rockaway Beach, N.Y., gave erected, at an approximate cost of awards in the course of his efforts. partici- $1,000 to St. Mary's Star of the Sea R.C. $5,000. About 60 Legionnaires pated. To distinguish the burial site of Church of Far Rockaway for its build- PHOTO BY JAMES H EFFERN AN ing fund. Specifically, the funds were to each veteran, Boy Scouts and Cub help rebuilding the church, which stood American Legion Life for over 100 years until recently when Insurance Month Ending May 31, 1974 it was completely destroyed by fire. Benefits paid Jan. 1-May 31, 1974. .? 910,653 Benefits paid since April 1958 16,443,389 Basic units in force (number) 138,910 Post Iselin, N.J., gave to 471, $500 two New Applications approved since posts in Xenia, Ohio (Posts 517 and Jan. 1, 1974 3,346 New Applications declined 506 95) to assist survivors of the tornado New Applications suspended which struck that area. (applicant failed to return health form) 179 American Legion Life Insurance is an official Post 33, Steubenville, Ohio, sponsored program of The American Legion, adopted by the National Executive Committee, 1958. its second annual cabaret-style dance It is decreasing term insurance, issued on featuring Guy Lombardo and his Royal application to paid-up members of The Legion Canadians. The affair drew patrons from American subject to approval based on health and employment statement. Death the entire Tri-State area of Pennsyl- benefits range from $40,000 (four units up vania, West Virginia and Ohio, a ca- through age 29) (25 in Ohio) to $1,000 in de- creasing steps. Protection no longer stops at pacity crowd, and encouraging an num- age 75, coverage may be carried for life as ber of the younger generation. long as the annual premium is paid, the in- sured remains a member of The American It's now the "Veterans Memorial Bridge." Legion, and the Plan stays in effect. Avail- able up to four units at a flat rate of $24 per Post 248 took a full page ad in the Legislation sponsored by Post 272, The unit a year on a calendar year basis, pro- Rockaways, Queens County, N.Y., Corpus Christi, Texas, Times to invite rated during the first year at $2 a month per unit for insurance approved after January 1. all citizens to the Memorial Day cere- caused New York City's Triboro Bridge Underwritten by two commercial life insur- and Tunnel Authority's Cross Bay Park- mony, and to urge all eligibles to join ance companies, the Occidental Life Insur- the Legion. ance Co. of California and United States Life way Bridge to be renamed the Cross Insurance Co. in the City of New York. Bay Veterans Memorial Bridge. In the American Legion Insurance Trust Fund is managed by trustees operating under the photo, Calif., shown at Memorial Day rededi- North Hollywood, Post 307, un- laws of Missouri. No other insurance may cation ceremonies, are (1. to rt.) Mrs. der the co-chairmanship of Charles Sam- use the full words "American Legion." Ad- ministered by The American Legion Life In- Edna Keane, Auxiliary Past President, sel and Dr. Nathan Snyder, has raised surance Division, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, who first proposed the renaming of the funds to provide three Guiding-Eye dogs Illinois 60680, to which write for more details.

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 lin and Greenfield by local posts. L. to

rt. in the photo are Duane Reed, Post Cmdr; William Schuett, president of Security; Gerald Meyers, supervisor; and John Hays, Past Americanism chairman. Schuett and Meyers were given Ameri- canism medals as well as citations.

A dedication by Post 113, Lebanon, Ind.

Cmdr. Also present were Richard Mal- lory, Hamilton Co. Service Officer; Sec'y of State Larry Conrad; State Senator Keith McCormick; and State Represen- tative John Donaldson. Keynote speaker Americanism awards in Wisconsin Post 24, Ark., installs grave markers. was Col. Walter Ratliff, Cmdr, Gris- som AFB. Scouts on Memorial Day placed a flag in the holder of each marker, which is embedded in concrete. In the photo are, from the left, Billy Meharg, Post His- torian; Wilburn Van Cleve, chmn, Good- fellow program; and Billy Bowen, Post Cmdr.

Bronx County, N.Y., Legion gave a dinner to honor the County Chaplain, Rt. Rev. Bitburg Post 20, Germany, observed Me- Msgr. Mario Ponsiglione on his retire- morial Day by placing flag and wreath of ment as pastor of St. Theresa's Church. carnations on graves of American casual- Gv. Malcolm Wilson (left) was the prin- ties at Bitburg (above) and Reisdorf cipal speaker. Dr. S. F. Saracino, PCC, With the Legionnaires PDVC, at right, presents citation to At Elmhurst/Jackson Heights Post 298, (Luxembourge). the are relatives of the deceased. the retiring Msgr. Ponsiglione. N.Y., Memorial Day Services, attending were L. to rt.: Frank Scalise, Chmn; Rev. James Mclnenly, principal speaker; Lt. NEW POSTS Col. John Coykendal (U.S. Marines, State Dep't, Washington, D.C.); Auxiliary The American Legion has recently President Sarah McQuown; Post Cmdr chartered the following new posts: Dan Ward. Marines are shown in rear. Humboldt Post 78, Humboldt, Ariz.; Peoria Heights Memorial Post 1998, Peoria Heights, EL; James Mackie Post Post 489, Cortland, N.Y., hosted Legion- 499, Rahway, N.J.; Anthony naires from Branch 54, Canadian Le- Mad Post Philadelphia, Pa. gion, Buckingham, Quebec, Canada. Wayne 812, and Sioux Falls Post 305, Sioux Falls, So. Dak. Greendale Post 416, Wis., presented Americanism citations to Security Sav- PEOPLE IN THE NEWS ings & Loan for its sponsorship of the Legionnaire Sheldon post's 16-page Americanism booklet, Rosenblatt, of Far "Our America." Twenty-seven thousand Rockaway, N.Y., appointed by Gov. First major project of a new post: Post copies were printed and 18,000 dis- Malcolm Wilson as Deputy Sec'y of 225, Floral City, Fla., put up this mon- State and General Counsel to the Dep't tributed to children in Greendale, Frank- ument to veterans of all wars at Me- morial Day ceremonies. Shown from left of State. are Charles Jacobs, Post Finance Officer COMRADES IN DISTRESS and Com. Chmn; Mrs. Ollie McLure, DEATHS Auxiliary President; Puckett, Sen. 66th AAA Gun Bn, Bat A, Fort Hamilton, Gene N.Y. (1963-64) —Need information from VCmdr; and Post Cmdr Bill Martin. Capt Turner, Cpl West, Acting 1st Sgt Joseph M. Briones, 53, of Juneau, Ak, and any other Kato, Sgt Santo, Cpl Rhume Dep't Adjutant of Alaska. vet- comrades who recall that Leon Vance hurt On Memorial Day, Post 113, Lebanon, A WW2 his back while on duty. Write "CD223, The eran, he served as Adjutant from 1956 American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of Ind., dedicated this monument (see pho- until the time of his death. the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019." to) to those persons from Boone County The Dep't 3rd Air/Sea Rescue Sqd (Japan 1947-49)— of Alaska has established a Memorial from Carlson, 1st Lt Pro- who gave their lives in WW1, WW2, need to hear Capt Fund. trow or any other comrades who recall that Korea and Vietnam. The monument was Robert D. McFee suffered from a stomach condition (possibly ulcers). Write "CD224, unveiled on the County Court House American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" lawn by Clayton Markland, 6th District Charles F. Lynch, Sr., 80, of Long

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 33 NEWS

Beach, N.Y., a former member of the ther (all 1974) Post 1460, Machias, N.Y. 77th Div—(Nov) Fred Schaefer, 108 E. 38th Jack J. DePresca, John R. Fichter, An- St., N.Y., N.Y. 10016 Legion's Naval Affairs Committee of the thony F. Vittorelli, John J. Urbanowicz and 101st MP Bn (WW2)— (Sept) John Babian, Angelo Bottazzi (all 1974) Post 1873, Brook- 1117 No. Baldwin Dr., No. Massapequa, Nat'l Security Commission (1965-72), lyn, N.Y. NY 11758 Past Dep't Vice Cmdr (1955-56), and Royce D. Ramsey and RusseU C. HiU (both 105th Field Art'y— (Oct) Arthur Hirt, 431 1974) Post 29, Lawton, Okla. Kimball Ave., Yonkers, N.Y. 10704 R. ( Past Dep't Treasurer (1959-73). Rock Smith 1973) , Anthony Tassone and 106th Field Art'y (Mexican Border WW1 & Frederick Walters, Sr. (both 1971) Post 423, 2)—Oct) Francis Saelzler, 15 Waltham Ave., Masontown, Pa. Lancaster, N.Y. 14086 Ralph R. Stuart, 84, Hampton, Iowa, Gary I. Crownover (1974), John Despot 109th Eng, Co B (WW1)—(Aug) H. Seymour, (1972), John M. Edwards (1974), John C. Gin- 601 Kilpatrick Bldg., Omaha, Neb. 68102 Past Dep't Cmdr (1945-46) ter (1970) and Galen L. Robeson (1969) Post 115th Reg't, Co H— (Sept) Carroll Owings, 456, Williamsburg, Pa. 1732 Sykesville Rd., Westminster, Md. 21157 Robert H. Howe, Willard E. Moore and 129th Inf, 2nd Bn (WW2)— (Oct) George Francis B. Wiedwald (all 1971) Post 496, Andrey, 1129 Idaho St., Gary, Ind. 46403 Leonard G. Carlson, Marshall, Minn., Pittsburgh, Pa. 134th Inf, Co C—(Aug) John Ramming, 511 Daniel W. Wilson, John Winlow (both Past Dep't (1957-58), Alternate No. 3 St., Wymore, Ne. 68466 Cmdr 1973), Wilbert E. Fisher, Adolph F. Zirot, Jr. 135th AAA Gun Bn— (Oct) Geo. Nice, 24 N. Nat'l Executive Committeeman in 1959- and Dewayne W. Stevens (all 1974) Post 498, Sproul Rd., Broomall, Pa. 19008 Rochester, Pa. 137th Inf, Co B (WW1)— (Sept) Floyd Mc- 63, and a member of the executive sec- Edgar Woodrow and Richard M. Kauffman Gehe, 406 New Jersey Ave., Holton, Kans. (both 1972), James T. Valentine and Edward tion of the Legion's Nat'l Veterans Af- 66436 R. Dunn (both 1973) Post 507, Norwood, Pa. 143rd Inf, Co C (WW1)—(Nov) M. Stewart, L. Diveley, Jr. and Charles L. fairs & Rehabilitation Commission since Edward 1475 Cartwright, Beaumont, Tex. 77701 Penatzer (both 1974) Post 849, Johnstown, 149th Reg't (WW2)—(Aug) Marion Williams, 1972. Pa. 2005 Redleaf Dr., Louisville, Ky. 40222 James K. Beaverson, Christian Bolbecher, 158th Field Hosp Co (WW1)—(Nov) Conrad Clair D. Cline, Charles R. Fish and Robert Baker, 1937 Park Ave., San Jose, Cal. 95126 LIFE MEMBERSHIPS W. Gardner, Jr. (all 1973) Post 974, Fairview 164th Inf— (Oct) John Korsmo, Box 826, Township, Pa. Fargo, N.D. 58102 The award of a life membership to a Le- Ben Pringle, Chris Reiman, Henry Solem, 252nd Field Art'y Bn— (Sept) Harold Strauss, gionnaire by his Post is a testimonial by Claude Potter and Ben White (all 1973) Post 1319 So. 18th, Manitowoc, Wis. 54220 those who know him best that he has served 111, Bridgewater, S. D. Art'y, Bat (Nov) Chester Car- and Frank MiU- 281st Field B— The American Legion well. Cosne N. Dalton (1973) W. roll, 3715 Sechrest, Bakersfield, Ca. 93309 Below are listed some of the previously irons (1974) Post 7, Pulaski, Va. 301st Sig Oper Bn (WW2) (Aug) Matthew Ethel GyUand (1957), — unpublished life membership Post awards Harry Gylland (1973), Severino, 1516 So. 12th St., Philadelphia, that have been reported to the editors. They Donald Hogan (1972), John Hogan (1971) Aberdeen, Pa. 19147 are arranged by States or Departments. and Donald Howell (1963) Post 5, 309th Eng (WW1)—(Sept) Leonard Davis, Norris and Ernest Cardwell (both Wash. 1456 E. Loretta Dr., Indianapolis, Ind. 46227 Tom Frank H. Andrews, Lee M. Jacobie, Martin 1974) Post 219, Hayneville, Ala. 550th Airborne Inf (Aug) Vincent Kelleher, L. Klein, Earl A. Kline and Albert Schultz — Harold J. Grofi (1973), Edward Demoretz 243 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016 (all 1974) Post 130, Sharon, Wis. (1949), Joseph C. Augustine, Jr. (1957) and 550th Ambulance Co.—(Aug) Richard Klotz, Ernest J. Wheeler (1960) Post 335, South Life Memberships are accepted for pub- 665 44th St., Des Moines, la. 50312 Gate, Calif. lication only on an official form, which we 551st AAA Bn— (Oct) Benjamin Knauf, 58 Charles L. Smith, Harold D. Stauffer and provide. Reports received only from Com- Wright Rd., Henrietta, N.Y. 14467 Rush Young (all 1973) Post 6, Colorado mander, Adjutant or Finance Officer of Post 574th AAA AW Bn (SP)—(Nov) John Tanous, Springs, Colo. which awarded the life membership. 694 Metropolitan Ave., Hyde Park, Mass. Herbert H. Siddley, Walter L. Morgan and They may get form by sending stamped, 02136 Francis L. Timmons, Jr. (all 1974) Post 37, self-addressed return envelope to: 661st Tank Dest Bn— (Oct) Millard Mellinger, Washington, D.C. "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, Sr., RD #1, Wrightsville, Pa. 17368 Charles Hill (1974) Post 19, Orlando, Fla. 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, 3344th QM Truck Co—(Aug) Kenneth Burch, Oscar Nelson and Charles L. Ross (both N.Y. 10019." Box 74, Bicknell, Ind. 47512 1973) Post 16, Canton, 111. On a corner of the return envelope write Walter J. Smieszek and Henry Szafranow- the number of names you wish to report. No ski (both 1974) Post 419, Chicago, 111. written letter necessary to get forms. NAVY Ivan R. Miller, Joseph W. Murphy, Emil C. Neison, Robert W. Norton and Percy Oberg 6th Seabees— (Oct) John Brufach, W125 N6844 Ruby Rd., Menomonee Falls, Wis. 53051 (all Post DeKalb, 111. 1968) 66, (Sept) John Makowski, Phil Swisher, W. L. Syrcle, Sherman OUTFIT REUNIONS 33rd Seabees— 329V2 St., Binghampton, N.Y. 13905 Thomas, Roy L. Thompson and J. F. Uhlein Main Reunion will be held in month indicated. 70th, 1005th, 1006th Seabees— (Oct) George (all 1969) Post 210, Danville, 111. For particulars write person whose address is Kinsman, 16 Sylvan Rd., Westwood, Mass. Walter H. Jandt (1971) Post 1216, Chicago, given. 02090 111. Notices accepted on official forms only. For USS Ault (DD698, (Oct) Jim Clark, Harold Freeman (1973), John Costello WW2)— form send stamped, addressed return envel- 5215 Arrowhead Lane, Drexel Hill, Pa. 19026 (1974) and Lawrence Sabatino (1955) Post ope to O. R. Form, American Legion Maga- USS Braine (DD630 Korean Era) (Aug) Ed 1231, Algonquin, 111. — Robert Wirick and Maynard Neal (both zine, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New Seneff, P.O. Drawer "8", Madawaska, Me. York, N.Y. 10019. Notices should be received 04756 1974) Post 246, Albion, Ind. at least five months before scheduled re- 457) (Dec) David Jensen, William F. Bagley, Anniable Decet, James USS Emmons (DD — union. written letter necessary to get 87-26 259th St., Floral Park, N.Y. 11001 W. Frew, John Griffin and John Haluska (all No form. USS Hamlin (AVL5 All Hands 1943-45)— 1974) Post 136, Albia, Iowa. Earliest submission favored when volume (Dec.) Sam Ray, 4133 Banks St., New Or- Emil I. Bjork (1974) Post 561, Larchwood, is print all. Ic'iins Iowa. of requests too great to Lei 70119 USS Spencer (Coast Guard WW2)— (Sept) Francis K. Souther (1974) Post 4, Florence, Ky. George Boutilier, 129 Village St., Millis, ARMY Mass. 02054 Harold J. McLean, Fred S. Olson, Neil L. Parsons, George T. Pitcher and Charles A. 1st Spec Serv Force— (Aug) Robert Horst, AIR Rawlings (all 1973) Post 42, Demariscotta, RR 2, Stratford, Ontario, Canada Me. 2nd Div (Florida Branch)—(Nov) Sal Di- 32nd Bomb Sqdn H—(Aug) Clyde Yoder, Victor Leach and Walter Leighton (both Stefano, 5926 3rd Ave. No., St. Petersburg, 2131 E. Vista Way, Vista, Calif. 92083 1967) Post 86, Gray, Me. Fla. 33710 92nd Bomb Gp, 1st & 11th CCRC— (Oct) Eu- Thomas J. Eaton, Joseph M. Enos, Olevis 3rd Inf Reg't (Minnesota Chapter)— (Sept) gene Wiley, 1514 California, Denver, Colo. Fermenthal (all 1973), Thomas E. Fleming Joseph Nicosia, Sr., 1864 Carol Lane, W. 80202 (1971) and Frederic A. Gross (1973) Post 67, St. Paul, Mn. 55118 532nd Bomb Sqdn H— (Dec) D. McGraw, 7 S. Boston, Mass. 5th Eng Combat Bn—(Aug) Nick Gentile, 61 Baker St., Poughkeepsie, N.Y. 12603 W. A. Ostrom, Henry C. Peipus, Emil Clinton St., Newton, Mass. 02158 Peterson, Walter B. Peterson and Joseph I. 7th Arm'd Div—(Aug) I. Osias, Box 6, Spring Reiner (all 1974) Post 96, Hutchinson, Minn. Glen, N.Y. 12483 MISCELLANEOUS 7th Reg't^(Sept) William Peel, 7th Post Thurston J. Palmer (1974) Post 2344, Regt Pearl Harbor Survivors (Dec) James Tracy, Thayer, #107, American Legion, 643 Park Avenue, — Mo. P.O. Box 9212, Long Beach, Ca. 90810 Emil T. Bozek, A. Charles Lindsay (both New York, N.Y. 10021 1970), Frederick M. demons, Dennis W. 11th Eng (WW1)—(Nov) Gustav Grossman, Drumm (both 1972) and Mary H. Sullivan 35 Oak Ave., Tenafly, N.J. 07670 (1974) Post 3, Nashua, N.H. 17th Inf, Medical Dets (WW2)— (Oct) Louis Charles Lapointe (1974) Post 83, Lincoln, Kolb, 861 Biruta St., Akron, O. 44307 N.H. 32nd Div, 121st Field Art'y Band, 32nd Tank T. Chester Hulit and Samuel C. Morris Co (192nd Tank Co), 107th QM— (Oct) (both 1974) Post 44, Long Branch, N.J. Ervin Sartell, Jr., 1716 Sousa Ct., Janes- Frederick O. Minut (1974) Post 326, New- ville, Wis. 53545 ark, N.J. 36th Div— (Aug) Bill Jary, P.O. Box 1816, John Murray, Jr. (1974) Post 360, Patter- Fort Worth, Tex. 76101 son, N.J. 42nd Div (San Francisco Chapter)— (Nov) Richard W. Crouse and George W. Brodsky Ted Elwart, 117 Ada Way, Sacramento, Ca. (both 1974) Post 89, Vestal, N.Y. 95819 Lyman P. Williams (1974) Post 406, Boon- 43rd Div— (Sept) Joseph Zimmer, State Ar- ville, N.Y. mory, 360 Broad Street, Hartford, Conn. Frederick C. Allstadt (1974) Post 694, 06115 Northport, N.Y. 56th Reg't CAC (WW1)— (Sept) Joseph Koz- John L. Dowling, James E. Schlutow and ma, 14 Randall Ave., Stamford, Conn. 06905 Anthony W. Valetta (all 1974) Post 927, 59th Arm'd Inf Bn, Co A— (Oct) Eldon Miller, Green Island, N.Y. 1047 Lyman, Galesburg, 111. Cmdr Keith Gunderson, Post 570, Leland, 65th Jenkins, 3806 Je- Edward Hanley and George Goddard (both Div—(Aug) Morton W. III., presents post's check for $2,500 1974) Post 1376, New Hartford, N.Y. rome, Skokie, 111. 60076 Victor Burlingame, William Close, William 71st Reg't (NY N.G.)—(Nov) John Nadzam, to LaVerne Harger toward the purchase Houck, Wesley Owens and Raymond Guen- 221 East 106th St., N.Y., N.Y. 10029 of a new community ambulance.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 The world's strongest tape

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LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS ing rod, spooks fish, warns David Terry of Mt. Gilead, Ohio. As a rem- edy he paints them with black enamel, wraps black tape on the handle if the Outdoor Courtesy paint won't stick.

Although conservation and preserva- shouted answer from the unseen A BOOK of 20 matches can provide 40 lights in an emergency, tion of our environment have been George and the conversation may con- advises Larry Williams of Denver, Colo. Split the emphasized as major problems which tinue for several minutes. When a base of each match with your finger- require constant vigilance, huge funds hunter does shoot a deer, if it's just nail, and separate it into and massive effort to provide solu- wounded and runs and he has to track two pieces like a wishbone. The striking head tions, there is one outdoor problem it, he must be careful; another hunter will split, too. which is relatively simple to over- may find it first and claim it. Would come: the lack of courtesty frequently you believe—at rifle point? And some AS GOOD as tinder for starting your shown by some outdoorsmen toward witless nimrods shoot at "sounders camp or beach fire is a discarded wax their neighbors. All it takes to solve sounds in the brush with no animals milk carton stuffed with newspapers, that problem is thought and coopera- in sight—and in so doing endanger the writes D. J. Juenemann of Clements, tion by all who use the outdoors. lives of other hunters. Respect for a Minn. First punch air holes in it for a Through the centuries it's been said farmer's property is simple courtesy. draft. many times and many ways. But it Also asking his permission before boils down to this: treat others as you trespassing on his land. Every water- CARP love cherry-flavored bait, would have them treat you. fowl shooter knows he should be in claims Mike Bullick of Silver Spring, Everyone has experienced outdoor his duck blind before daybreak, but Md. When mixing dough bait, he sim- discourtesy to some degree. An angler someone invariably arrives late at the ply adds a box of cherry Jello. He says in his boat is still-fishing on a lake; marsh and scares off the incoming the effect on the fish is amazing. Try suddenly a cabin cruiser roars by him birds. What annoys waterfowlers most it; it can't hurt. a few feet away at full throttle, nearly are the impatient shooters who blast swamping him with its away before the birds are wake. And within MAKE instant soap pads for hiking ruining his fishing, at least for a while. range, spoiling it for everyone. and camping. Mrs. Ward Jervis of Or he's trolling when another cruiser, Campers aren't immune—loud Somerville, Mass., explains how. Sim- or maybe another angler, crosses be- radios at night, bright headlights at a ply soak folded paper towels in a thick tween him and his lure. little boat, campground at 3 A.M., a car's exhaust A soap solution, then hang them out to all alone on a lake, also seems to at- polluting the air so an generator AC dry. To use, dip one in water. tract water skiers who are determined on its engine can supply current to a to see how close they can come to it. vacuum cleaner, young children and TO KEEP moths away from the feath- And swimmers anxious to pets running without show their around super- ers and wool in your fly box when endurance, if the boat is anchored vision, a "friendly" neighbor col- who you store it away for the season, add anywhere near float. lects all available a beach or An wood for his camp- some cut tobacco such as coarse pipe angler fire may be fishing a trout stream and leaves none for anyone else, tobacco, suggests Robin Ehrig of when another appears and starts courtesy and cleanliness in cast- a public Tamaqua, Pa. It doesn't have the ing only a few feet facility. away although the These are just a few com- objectionable smell of moth balls but rest of the shoreline is deserted. plaints. If this Almost all can be avoided works just as well. newcomer catches a trout, he's apt to with a little unselfish effort by those regret it, especially if the first angler who wish to enjoy life in the out- WHEN COLD weather returns, re- is larger than he is. doors, and have their neighbors do the member this suggestion from Mrs. Hunters experience it, too. One may same. Phyllis Strout of Milbridge, Me. Take be silently stalking a deer when a loud two woolen blankets, sew between voice sounds from the woods. "Hey, SUNLIGHT flashing from the shiny them a piece of plastic the same size. George, it's time for lunch." He gets a guides, ferrules and handle of a fish- Wrapped around you on a freezing winter night, they'll keep you warmer than any down sleeping bag.

HIKERS and all outdoorsmen! Want sweet-smelling shoes and boots, asks E. Simmons of Chicago, 111.? Just carry a box of baking soda, he says. Every night, sprinkle some inside each shoe and shake it out the next morning.

EVER get stung by a jellyfish? Pain- ful! But Hilda Martell, R.N., of Bea- trice, Neb. has discovered an antidote —meat tenderizer. It contains "pa- pain," an enzyme from the papaya fruit, an old native remedy. Works on insect bites, too.

ON beach-fishing trips, Greg Martin of Marshfield, Wis. had trouble keeping sand out of his fishing reel when he wasn't using it. His remedy: a sand- wich bag over the reel, fastened with a twister wire.

If you have a helpful idea for this feature send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- turn, or enter into correspondence concern- "Don't . blame my talking . . they can't understand a word I say!" ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave- nue of the Americas, New Vork.N.Y. 10019.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 ! Grass Seed Is For The Birds! Zoysia Saves Time, Work And Money SPECIAL HOT WEATHER OFFER! ORDER NOW AND GET UP TO 200 PLUGS FREE! CUTS YOUR WORK, PLUG AMAZOY INTO OLD SAVES YOU MONEY LAWN, NEW GROUND OR Your deep-rooted, established NURSERY AREA By Mike Senkiw Amazoy lawn saves you time and Just set Amazoy plugs into holes in Agronomist money in many ways. It never needs ground like a cork in a bottle. Plant 1 replacement . . . ends re-seeding Every year I foot apart, checkerboard style. Every forever. Fertilizing and watering see people pour plug 3 sq. inches. (water costs money, too) are rarely When planted in existing lawn areas more and more if ever needed. It ends the need for plugs will spread to drive out old, un- into their money crabgrass killers permanently. It wanted growth, including weeds. Easy lawns. They dig, cuts pushing a noisy mower in the planting instructions with order. fertilize and blistering sun by %. Your Own Supply of Plug Transplants lime. They rake WEAR RESISTANT Your established turf provides you it all in. They When America's largest Univer- with Zoysia plugs for other areas as Amazoy is the Trade Mark Regis- scatter their tered U.S. Patent Office for our sity tested 13 leading grasses for you may desire. seed and roll and Meyer 2-52 Zoysia Grass. wear resistance, such as foot scuff- water it. NO SOD, NO SEED ling, the Zoysia (matrella and ja- Birds love it! Seeds which aren't washed ponica Meyer Z-52) led all others. There's no seed that produces win- Grass away by rain give them a feast. But some seed Your Amazoy lawn takes such ter-hardy Meyer Z-52 Zoysia. and sod or ordinary grass carries with grows, and soon it's time to weed, water and wear as cookouts, lawn parties, lawn it the same problems as seed—like mow, mow . . . until summer comes to burn furniture, etc. Grows so thick you weeds, diseases, frequent mowing, the lawn into hay, or crabgrass and diseases could play football on it and not burning out, etc. That's why Amazoy infest it. get your feet muddy. Even if chil- comes in pre-cut plugs . . . your as- surance of lawn success. That's what happens to ordinary grass, but dren play on it, they won't hurt it not to Zoysia. —or themselves. Every Plug CHOKES OUT CRABGRASS Guaranteed to Grow Thick, rich, luxurious Amazoy "MOWED IT 2 TIMES," WRITES WOMAN • grows into a carpet of grass that In Your Area In Your Soil For example, Mrs. Mitter writes M. R. chokes out crabgrass and weeds all • WON'T WINTER KILL—has sur- ". me how her lawn . . is the envy of all summer long! It will NOT winter vived temperatures 30° below zero! who see it. When everybody's lawns around kill. Goes off its green color after • WON'T HEAT KILL—when other here are from drought ours just stays brown killing frost, regains fresh new grasses burn out, Amazoy remains as green as ever. I've never watered it, only beauty every Spring—a true peren- green and lovely when I put the plugs in . . . Last summer nial! Every plug must grow within 45 days we had it mowed (2) times. Another thing, NO NEED TO RIP OUT or we replace it free. Since we're we never have to pull any weeds—it's just PRESENT hardly in business for the fun of it, wonderful!" GRASS you know we have to be sure of our Wonderful? Yes, Zoysia Grass IS wonder- Now's the time to order your product. ful! Plant it now and like Mrs. Mitter you'll Zoysia plugs—to get started on a lawn that will choke out crabgrass cut mowing by 2/3 . . . never have another UP 200 weed problem all summer long the rest of and weeds all summer long and year your life! after year. TO PLUGS it FREE And from Iowa came word that the Men's Plug into an entire lawn or lim- Garden Club of Des Moines picked a Zoysia ited "problem areas". Plug it into JUST FOR ORDERING NOW! lawn as the "top lawn—nearly perfect" in poor soil, "builder's soil", clay or Compare Bonus Plug offers with our reg. sandy soils even salty, beach areas, nationally advertised prices and see how the area. Yet this lawn had been watered — you save! only once all up to and I guarantee it to grow! summer August! Consider the time and money you in- These represent but 2 of thousands of PERFECT FOR SLOPES vest in your lawn and it doesn't pay to happy Zoysia owners. Their experiences If slopes are a problem, plug in struggle with gi^ass that burns out just show that you, too, can have a lawn that Amazoy and let it stop erosion. Or when you want it most. Order Amazoy stays green and beautiful thru blistering plug it into hard-to-cover spots, play- now and let it spread into thrillingly heat, water bans—even drought! worn areas, etc. beautiful turf!

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Tourists smuggled booze back from Canada in false books and coconut shells, in hot water bottles, in garden hose wrapped around their waists, in oversized shoes with tiny bottles tucked in the toes, in baby car-

riages with infants perched on top. "I'd better hang up, Helen I think Fred wants his dinner." One man was caught on the Interna- THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE. tional Bridge at Buffalo carrying two dozen eggs, each of which had been sucked dry and refilled with whiskey. the Bahamas and other nearby is- the Coney Island beachfront in full This was all nothing compared to lands. Most of it was watered while view of 100,000 swimmers and sun- big-time bootlegging from Canada. afloat, though the self-styled "King of ners—with guns blazing. An army would have had a hard time the Rum Runners," Capt. Bill McCoy, For every old-time saloon that policing the 3,986 miles of border. of the Tomoka, boasted that every Prohibition closed, a half-dozen un- Just a few Customs officials, even bottle off his ship was "the real Mc- derground drinking places—or speak- fewer Coast Guard cutters, and less Coy." easies—sprang up. By the mid-twen- than 100 Prohibition agents were Fleets of fast, small, bootleggers' ties, there were 32,000 speakeasies in available. Bootleggers scurried across boats hustled between the rum rows Manhattan alone, double the number the border in trucks stacked high and the shore, with a weather eye of pre-Volstead saloons. with liquor cases. Cars rattled over out for the Coast Guard or the even Women, to the utter horror of their back roads with sacks of bottles in more dangerous highjackers who elders, began trooping into the speak- hollowed-out seats, clamped under lurked all up and down both coasts. easies, pushing up to the bar with the the hood, stuffed in spare tires, tied These "importers" usually watered men, putting their dainty feet on the to under parts of the chassis, and even the wares again, but the customers brass rails, and tossing off martinis strapped against the engine. didn't seem to mind. with the best of them—at $1.50 a Speedboats dashed about on the "It's right off the boat," every host drink. Public drinking by females be- Great Lakes and Lake Champlain, proudly said as he uncorked a trea- came socially fashionable, while il- some of the bigger craft keeping a sured bottle that probably cost him licit booze was a flag of their new regular schedule with as many as half a week's salary and contained freedom. 1,000 cases per crossing. "The local 75% water and 25% alcohol. If you would just say, "Joe sent authorities, if not actively coopera- The rum rows changed drastically me," you could get past the barred tive, never got nosy," one observer after 1924, when the United States door of many a speakeasy. Or you later noted. It was rumored, but not pushed its territorial limits to 12 whispered your name through a slot proved, that a Detroit gang pumped miles. The smaller operators weren't in the door and flashed an "honorary" beer through a pipeline across the able to cope with deep water, and the membership card. A friend of mine Detroit River. big bootlegging syndicates took over still has his card to the Aquarium, a Private airplane pilots got $5 for most of the operation of getting the popular midtown New York speak- every case they landed safely from stuff ashore. They employed large and easy. He got it by showing up as a Canada. Freight cars frequently came very fast boats, some capable of 50 stranger and asking for it through the

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 door. About the only reason for the you please, of amoebic dysentery "secrecy" was that the fixed cops and from drinking tapwater in a Chicago agents insisted that the joints ought hotel that was contaminated by a not to operate "openly." The custom- leaking sewer pipe. The episode that ers jolly well wanted the cops to be killed her led to landmark reforms in fixed, and virtually expected it—as a the regulation of water piping sys- right of theirs to immunity from a tems everywhere. raid. The chances of a raid were real, The 1,520 federal agents were un- but very small, and most raids were derpaid and a wholly inadequate just to keep up appearances that the force to put down what became the law was on the job. An occasional largest industry in the nation. Boot- fine was part of the cost of running a legging employed 800,000 people and place. took in $4 billion a year. Bottom pay One New York speakeasy proprie- for an agent was $1,680 a year. Most tor put his monthly costs at $1,370. got that, and few made $2,000. Not Of this, $400 was graft to agents, the surprisingly, many were incompetent police department and district at- and as many were dishonest. The torneys. The cop on the beat got an- head of the New Jersey Anti-Saloon other $40 to turn his back when League marveled that on their sal- shipments arrived. The alternative to aries the federal agents seemed to making payoffs was to have an elab- "acquire automobiles and diamonds" orate and expensive security system after a year's service. Dan Chapin, of locked doors and secret caches for top New York enforcement agent, got booze. so disgusted seeing his men coming to THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE. work in chauffeur-driven cars that he called them together and fired all who Some speakeasies were famous for the ultimate in Prohibition era flat- were wearing diamond rings. He lost their fine food and liquor, or for tery: "Hello, sucker!" half his agents. the personalities of their owners. She paid all her fines with flash and The turnover was enormous every- Most famous proprietor, by far, was style—throwing kisses to the judges where. Ten thousand men held 3,000 Mary Louise Cecelia Guinan, known —and wore jewelry in the shape of jobs in six years. The Bureau, said nationwide as Texas Guinan. She was prison bars, padlocks and police whis- one agent, was "running a training a boisterous blonde from Waco who tles. Her earnings during one ten- school for bootleggers." Agents often presided over a series of rowdy month period were $700,000. stayed just long enough to learn the places and greeted customers with Texas Guinan died as ironically as ropes and make the necessary con-

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 39 a —

THAT WAS PROHIBITION By 1928, Prohibition was under constant attack and lampooning in CONTINUED the press, yet official America made no move against it while "good citi- tacts, then quit to go in business as across his lap in an armored car— zens" continued to give it lip service. bootleggers and speakeasy owners. seven-ton traveling fortress uphol- Said Will Rogers : "If you think the Of course, many feds did an honest, stered in heavy silk, preceded by an country ain't dry, just watch 'em conscientious job. Two agents made armed car a block ahead and followed vote; if you think the country ain't history with their diligence—Izzy by another close behind. wet, just watch 'em drink. You see, Einstein and Moe Smith. This zealous "Everybody calls me a racketeer," when they vote, it's counted, but when New York pair made 4,932 arrests Capone complained. "I call myself a they drink, it ain't." and confiscated more than $15 million businessman. I make my money by Disgust and the Depression finally worth of liquor in five years on the supplying a popular demand. If I made the people vote the way they job. No others came close to that. break the law, my customers are as drank. Corruption ran rampant Their chief stock in trade was a guilty as I am. When I sell liquor, it's through civic, federal and state agen- hundred disguises and twice as many bootlegging. When my patrons serve cies. Many juries refused to convict dodges. Izzy once rounded up a group it on silver trays on Lake Shore offenders. So many violations clogged of agents, put them in football togs Drive, it's hospitality." court calendars that the Justice De- smeared with mud, and marched them into a Bronx speakeasy near Van Cortlandt Park. "We burst into the place," Izzy wrote in his memoirs, "announcing with a whoop that now, with the last game of the season over and won, we could break training." The bartender set 'em up and discov- ered that "his season was ended, too." Izzy and Moe closed joints by pos- ing as thirsty gravediggers, mechan- ics, coal-wagon drivers, violin play- ers, lawyers, Polish counts, Broadway actors and fishmongers. What was their reward? Labeling them "clowns," the Bureau asked for their badges and dismissed them "for the good of the service" in 1925. A full-scale investigation couldn't tell as much about the Bureau as that does. The explosive growth of big-time crime was certainly no laughing mat- ter. As Asbury points out: "The ap- palling moral collapse which followed in the wake of the 18th Amendment made it possible for the underworld to take over the illegal liquor traffic." With the public abetting corruption, the main problem of organized crime was an internal and lawless struggle of its own to see who would control During his reign of terror, there partment resorted to "bargain days" the business. were upwards of 400 gangland mur- or "cafeteria courts" to keep from Carry Nation had said that since ders a year in Chicago. The climax suffocating. Violators simply pleaded saloons were illegal in Kansas, any- came at 10:30 a.m. on Valentine's guilty, paid nominal fines and were thing she did to them with her hatch- Day in 1929, when his men tommy- assured of no worse punishment on ets was okay. The crime lords de- gunned seven members of the rival "bargain days"-—a practice that is veloped the same philosophy toward O'Banion gang in their "garage"-—or still with us in "plea bargaining" for their rivals. liquor warehouse—on North Clark all sorts of crimes today.. - St., as they awaited a consignment of To many, the most disturbing as- highjacked hooch. Capone's men pect of Prohibition was its effect on Arnold rothstein, Legs Diamond posed as uniformed police making a the young—boys and girls alike and Dutch Schultz held sway on typical Prohibition raid. who during those 14 years were New York's rackets. Maxie Hoff com- This atrocity probably did more brought up on the tradition of so manded Philadelphia. The Purple than anything else to arouse the many of their elders that there was Gang ruled Detroit. Solly Weisman country's anger at Prohibition. The nothing smarter than getting drunk, reigned over Kansas City. The king of Chicago Crime Commission labeled blotto, plastered, potted. them all was "Scarface" Al Capone. Capone "Public Enemy No. 1," a It should be noted, however, that Capone controlled Chicago's 10,000 title that has remained in the Ameri- while many youngsters were harmed speakeasies, and, it was said, the can language to be passed down to a —even ruined—by the excesses of the entire bootlegging business from Can- series of heirs of Capone. times, every native-born American ada to Florida as well. A $50,000 dia- It was not the murders that finally who is now between 55 and 73 was of mond sparkled on one hand and he did Capone in. He wasn't paying taxes high-school age during Prohibition. carried an equal amount of cash in his on his enormous income, and in 1931 At least the survivors appear to be as pockets, "scattering it like dandruff he was found guilty on five counts of good and sober a group of citizens as to anyone who pleased him—$1,000 tax-evasion, fined $50,000, and sen- any other today—and possibly wiser to a cafe singer, $20 to a hatcheck tenced to prison for 11 years—first for the experience. girl, $5 to a newsboy." He gave orders at the federal pen at Atlanta, then in The most stubborn of the "drys" to 700 hirelings from an armored of- Alcatraz. After his release, he died always demanded rigid enforcement, fice in a downtown Chicago hotel and at his home in Miami in 1947— but the House Appropriations Com- rode about with a submachine gun syphilis-ridden old man at 48. mittee was unwilling to approve the

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 a

Amazing Mini-Vac $300 million a year which, in 1928, most confusing documents in Ameri- Prohibition Commissioner James M. can history. Doran set as the minimum amount The full commission voted to con- PUMP needed. But even some die-hards be- tinue Prohibition. But each member Pumps Water Out gan to talk about some sort of "modi- submitted a personal report. Five or In by the TON fication" of the liquor laws— favored little change, four favored vague phrase. modification, two stood for repeal. The American Legion was among Congressman Emanuel Celler the first national organizations to see called it "The Wicked-Sham Report." Post-Dispatch mocked —and accept—the handwriting on The St. Louis Gets the wall. Many times between 1927 it by recalling the story of the sol- Rid of Water and 1930, various Legion units backed diers heading into battle, whose cap- anywhere, na- tain shouted: "Boys! Will ye run or Instantly: repeal and in 1931 the Legion's Homes, Pools, tional convention endorsed it. What will ye fight?" And the men yelled: Boats, Farm, the country needed first of all was "We will!" Cabins. strong voices willing to say in plain But the factual content of the people were Wickersham Report ended all pre- Pumps up to 350 gallons (IV2 tons) per hour . . . language what most lifts water 20 feet . . . pushes water 50 feet high. Just plug into any electrical outlet and it's ready to thinking. The American Federation of tense that Prohibition was a success. use. It will drain or empty flooded basements, boats, pools, sumps, tajiks, silo pits etc. Or in reverse it will Labor and the American Bar Asso- Page after page told the sorry story water gardens, fill pools, fill a boat's water supply, etc. Everything complete in one kit. Built to com- ciation added their voices for repeal. of its failures. Testimony by thou- mercial professional standards. Instant self-priming liump. Stainless steel wear plates, glass fiber rein- had led the fight sands of witnesses showed that it forced case, rock rubber impeller. System includes Then women, who air cooled motori six-foot heavy-duty ground cord, a had been and never could be en- two suction and discharge hoses, brass retainer, etc. for Prohibition, dealt the "drys" never Ten year replacement plan guarantee. $39.95 plus crushing blow. In 1929, Mrs. Charles forced without the power of the $3.Q0 pp. and Hdlg, Sabin, the first woman member of people behind it. Yet its author, Sena- the Republican National Committee, tor Sheppard, gamely predicted in FLAT TIRE! formed the Women's Organization 1930: "There is as much chance of for National Prohibition Reform and repealing the 18th Amendment as Million signed up more than a million mem- there is for a hummingbird to fly to miles bers in three years. A number of the planet Mars with the Washington from prominent people came out openly for Monument tied to its tail." This was nowhere repeal, including such as Irenee du at least his second mistake. and your Pont, John D. Rockefeller, Bernard Depression was upon the land. spare has Baruch and Percy S. Straus. "What does prohibition amount to if no air! eat- What would you give to have your own compressor that your neighbor's children are not " cigarette lighter? AUTO-FLATOR, 6>/ asked. "Food, not works off your 2 ing?" Will Rogers long, produces amazing 60 lbs. pressure! Pumps any Herbert Hoover became drink, is our problem now. We were size tire in minutes. Inflates spacesaver spare, air- When people might jacks, rafts, air mattresses, pools, etc. Operates on President in 1929, he upheld the so afraid the poor 12-volt system in auto, trailer, truck or boat. Complete Volstead Act because it was the law, drink—now we fixed it so they can't with 10-ft. air hose, inflator attachments and plug. 10 day money- though he was no advocate for it. "If eat." Millions were out of work, $20.95 back guarantee. (plus $1.50 shipping) the citizens do not like a law," he ad- eager and ready to try anything that monished Americans, "their duty as might bring the return of better Split-Image Transit honest men and women is to discour- times. Many believed that legalizing The Mott Revolutionary age its violation. Their right is openly liquor would create jobs. At least the taxes would bring in needed fed- LEVEL t INCLINE to work for its repeal." MEASURE That's exactly what he did. One of eral revenues. Ever Made! his first acts as President was to name Both national political conventions IDEAL FOR: George W. Wickersham, of New met in Chicago in June 1932. The Re- Contour Plowing first, renominated York, to head an 11-man commission publicans met Carpentry to study Prohibition in all its aspects. Hoover and adopted a plank leaving Brick Laying of Prohibition up to the states. Cement Work The commission produced one of the repeal Surveying, etc. $11.95 plus $1.25 pp

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THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 41 THAT WAS PROHIBITION m Cheney CONTINUED Because Newsmen called it "moist rather than State William Phillips (Cordell Hull 9k Carol loves dripping wet." The Democrats met was ill) sat down at his desk in Wash- two weeks later, nominated Franklin ington, D.C., at 5:49, put his glasses , this housei Roosevelt on the fourth ballot and on his nose, and—as klieg lights came out flatly for repeal of the 18th glared and motion picture cameras m Amendment. In accepting the nomi- purred—read the repeal proclamation nation, Roosevelt said in part: "This to the nation over the radio. Then he convention wants repeal. Your candi- got up, bowed to the applause of on- date wants repeal. And I am confi- lookers, removed his eyeglasses and dent that the United States wants started to leave the room. An aide repeal. From this date on the 18th hurriedly caught his arm. "You for- Amendment is doomed!" got to sign the document," he whis- The election was a Democratic pered. Phillips hastily sat back down landslide. The old Congress, when it and signed. Roosevelt put his name met in December, did what it knew on Presidential Proclamation No. the new Congress was waiting in the 2065 at 6:55 p.m., and Prohibition wings to do. On Feb. 16, 1933, the was officially a thing of the past. Carol's illness prevented her from climbing these stairs Senate voted 62 to for repeal There not a wild celebration. like she used to. She could move to a one-story house, 23 was 1 " but she loves this house. A Cheney Wecolator and on the 20th the House followed The legal process had dragged on too solved Carol's problem by letting her ride from floor suit, 289 to 121, and sent the 21st long for that, the big whoop-de-do to floor quickly and comfortably. As the first stairway (repeal) Amendment on its way to had been back in April with the onset elevator to be UL-listed. it's completely safe, virtually the states for ratification by at least of 3.2 beer. Further, the country had maintenance-free, and can be installed in just a 36 of them. been made soberer than Prohibition matter of hours. For a colorful brochure on Cheney Over supper at the White House on made it by the miseries of the De- Wheelchair Lilts and Wheelchair Van Wecolators, or the second Sunday of his adminis- pression. Lilts, contact your local Cheney Representative or tration, Roosevelt remarked to secre- write: The Cheney Company, Dept. LE.7611 N. 73rd 354-8510. tary Louis Howe: "I think this would would have organized crime Street, Milwaukee. Wisconsin 53223.(414) We be a good time for beer." Congress today, Prohibition or no. But Helping people help themselves. did, too. Effective April 17—while the the size, scope and methods of pres- CHENEY Wecolators. states were considering repeal—it ent criminal organization and syndi- changed the definition of "intoxicat- cates, and the development of ing" to legalize 3.2 beer, which was highjacking and official corruption only a bit weaker than pre-Prohibi- to a fine art today are direct descen- tion beer. dants of the Prohibition era. There was general celebration It is sad to note that some of the throughout the land. On Broadway, most vicious aspects of our present

FOR PERMANENT Jimmy Durante sang : "Roses are red, society are largely the legacy of an

violets are blue ; Til dunk my nose in excess of zeal by people who only FUND RAISING three point two." meant to do good. Easy way to raise money for your Organization It took because everyone has fun playing BINCOf months for the 21st Amend- If there is any lesson to be sal- Thousands of Organizations are making up to ment to wend its way through the vaged from this sorry history it must fr-v $500.00 per week using "BINGO KING'' supplies state legislatures. On Dec. 5th, 1933, be that it is more important to teach FREE Idea Bulletins. Write for FREE catalog gg- and Pennsylvania, then Ohio, and then good habits than to forbid bad ones. and details on raising money for your Organiza- Utah ratified it. Utah made it 36. That forbidden fruit is the sweetest Eg tion. PLEASE GIVE NAME OF ORGANIZATION. Prohibition was dead. is the oldest lesson in the Old Testa- ^ f BI3VOO ItZLXJSTGr 9 That afternoon, Acting Sec. of ment. END. DEPT. 950, BOX 2588, LITTLETON, COLO. 80120 DISCOVER

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42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 NOW CHILDREN: TAKE YOUR ALGEBRA PILLS that of amphetamines and tranqui- lizers. — CONTINUED FROM PAGE 9 "We are hoping," he says, "that Roanoke, Va., and there are divi- make many seemingly average chil- the vitamin treatments will bring sions in education, dentistry, medi- dren "slow learners" or "unreach- lasting changes in brain chemistry cine, physiotherapy, psychology, and able." Scientists at the New York without the possible drawback of speech pathology and human commu- Institute of Child Development are drugs." nications. giving extremely slow learners mas- "Chemical education" has bright Marked changes occur in people sive doses of Vitamins B^, B«, Bo, C and dark sides, and those who are who practice progressive relaxation, and E. All of these have been linked exploring it are acutely aware of that. all characterized by calmness and to the proper functioning of chemi- They constantly speak of bright promise and dark dangers. No single judgment is possible, because the various approaches to chemical learning are so different.

The effect of metrazol, simply to elevate all around smartness in rats at least, and of Cylert to do the same for rats and some people, could only be welcomed if no undesirable side-effects show up. (Assuming they —or something like them—are per- fected for human use.) If vitamins help all-around learning and don't hurt, they could become acceptable. But why conquer hyperactivity with drugs if a fair test of progressive re- laxation in the schools should solve the problem without drugs? Far worse are some of the impli- cations in scotophobin. For all that it taught the experimenters, what it produced was fear in rats—an emo- tion. Hell might freeze over before parents permit schools to pre-select emotional states—or likes and dis- sit in that jury room for weeks and gain weight, "You can likes—in children with drugs. One or you can come out in an hour with a not-guilty verdict!" can even fancy governments, with THE AMERICAN LEG ION MAGAZINE. such weapons in their hands, toying with the injection in citizens of con- placidity with heightened capacities cals that carry impulses between tentment shots, or anarchists swell- to handle their affairs. You might brain cells. Psychiatrist Allan Cott, in ing protest demonstrations by pass- guess, then, that—though they take charge of the treatment, says the ing out hysteria tablets, hatred pills no drugs—internal chemical changes main effect so far has been to reduce and the like. occur in them, too. They do, and they hyperactivity, while the effect of the The broad field of all this work is relate to a host of things, including vitamins does not wear off as fast as not limited to education. To the sci- learning capacity. There are, of course, learning dis- abilities that are too extreme to be considered the problems of "normal" children. These include extreme phys- ical handicaps, abnormally low inborn intelligence and emotional Earwax: disturbances so profound as to be outside the realm of "average" emo- the sneak thief of tional problems. sound A number of the explorers of the Government studies show that hearing problems and age go chemistry of learning believe that hand in hand. These studies also show that many hearing problems some of the more remarkable "smart are merely due to excessive earwax. Of course, anyone suspecting a pills" will help those with severe hearing problem should consult a physician to determine the cause. handicaps first of all. In fact, social permission to try them on extreme One way for earwax to impair hearing is very simple. As we cases of ineducability will probably grow older, the fine hairs lining our ear canals grow coarse. Even- precede any general consent—if ever tually, they can prevent earwax that forms daily from getting out. —to employ many of the "smart This in turn muffles sounds trying to get in. Because the wax builds drugs" on average children. up so gradually, your hearing can diminish without you realizing it. However, many educators and psy- The safest, chologists would say that from 5% most effective way to remove earwax is by using to 20% of all schoolchildren have real DEBROX® Drops regularly. DEBROX is recommended by thou- learning disabilities to some extent sands of physicians. They know it safely removes wax and can be or other, though they may be intelli- used daily to prevent buildup. DEBROX costs only pennies a day gent and lack extreme emotional dis- and is available at drugstores without a prescription. turbances or extreme physical handi- caps. The number depends on how DCB-1774 you define a "learning disability." DebrOX°DROPS All kinds of work are under way to try to break down barriers that

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 43 —

NOW CHILDREN: TAKE YOUR ALGEBRA PILLS ORDER — CONTINUED DIRECT entists it is "understanding the work- Krech is optimistic. We are going from ings of the brain." to raise the intellectual stature of Krech sees great potential good in man, he is sure, and he says, "I find the possible finding of many specific myself believing that man will also chemical boosters and inhibitors acquire that added bit of wisdom and with which to treat people with humaneness which will save us all." identified personality or "mental" If we can make wiser people, they Send Today For failings. This is therapy. But he also ought to make better decisions—he sees the enhancement of people's hopes. Catalog MONROE abilities and strong points. In educa- A happy thought, but what does tion, he says, "get smart" chemicals he mean by "intellectual," and "wis- THE MONROE COMPANY will depend on "how the educator has dom?" There is absolutely nothing prepared the brain in the first place." in all this work defining or measur- r 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa 50054 He is referring to the responsibility of the schools to really be mentally stimulating. In fact, in his own work, DON'T QUIT SMOKING there is the suggestion that the before giving my pipe a 30 Day Trial schools can, if they will, do a great /HAB/C /A/CM* deal more to help students manufac- ture their own smart chemicals, nat- urally, by proper stimulation within the school climate. The school cli- mate makes lame-brains as well as My new principle contradicts every idea you've smarty-pants, he is certain, drugs or ever had about pipe smoking. I guarantee it to smoke cool and mild hour after hour, day after day, without rest, without bite, no drugs. bitterness or sludce. To prove it, I'll let you test smoke a Carey Pipe for 30 days. Write today for FREE trial offer. Edward A. Sullivan, ass't prof, of

E. A. CAREY, Dept. 246K, 3932 N. Kilpatrick, Chicago, III. 60641 education at Providence College, finds the work to be of great importance, —ALL WORLD PORTS- but "it is also an area of great dan- SHIPPING YOUR CAR AND HOUSEHOLD EFFECTS OVER- ger, for all-powerful discoveries are SEAS? IMPORTING GOODS FROM FOREIGN MARKETS? dangerous if misused. We are indeed THEN CUT CUSTOMS RED TAPE BY FIRST CALLING " W. R. FILBIN & CO., INC. on the verge of a 'brave new world.' THE FILBIN BUILDING Many of the "brain workings" sci- 2211 CASS AVENUE, DETROIT, MICHIGAN 48201 entists urge the widest possible public TEL: (313) 964-1144 U.S. CUSTOMHOUSE BROKERS AND FOREIGN FREIGHT debate on the use of their discoveries. FORWARDERS—EXPERT OVERSEAS BOXING ON THE The issues of social policies, they PREMISES—SERVING ALSO PORT HURON, SAGINAW, BAY CITY, MICHIGAN AND TOLEDO, OHIO. note, are pervasive and profound, far BRANCH OFFICE OPENING SOON IN BUFFALO, NEW YORK. too important to allow them to be scribbled hurriedly on a prescription "When I was your age we had our rock pad. Indeed, they ask, if we could LEARN festivals, too. On hot summer nights we make every child an Einstein or a promenaded down the village green, Michelangelo, should we? MEAT CUTTING gathering at the old bandstand to listen Writer Albert Rosenfeld in his book to Sousa and Strauss. But, land sakes, Train quickly in 8 Bhort weeks at Toledo child, got stoned or freaked out for a bright future with security in the vital "The Second Genesis: The Coming nobody meat business. Big pay, full-time jobs HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR of the Control of Life," suggests that or went skinny-dipping. We just grooved OWN I Time payment plan available. Diplo- on the sounds and then split." . ma firiven. Job help. Thousands of suc- it might yet be possible to inject pro- V cessful graduates. OUR -61st YEAR! Send NOW for big new illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. teins into fertilized human eggs to THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE. G.I. approved. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING No. 0197T ". Dept. A-81. Toledo. Ohio 43604 incorporate basic knowledge . . the ability to walk, talk, swim, do arith- ing "wisdom," nor anything indicat- metic, play a piano, read ancient ing that any chemical has done Greek, or whatever. ..." Not today, anything to any creature to make it Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg not tomorrow, but some day. Would wiser. The work deals with the ab- I ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous this be good? Is it more like insects? sorption and the retention of knowl- I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that What would it do—if anything—to edge, and with speed and capacity in I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back the plasticity of the human organism learning facts and behavior patterns. guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. which sets it apart instinctive is desirable for but L. E. VISCOSE COMPANY from This much man, 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago. III. 60610 animals ? it doesn't even touch the wise use of If we eliminate the drudgery of knowledge or the exercise of reason. much learning and make learning and One of your authors recently ob- BASEMENT TOILET retention of knowledge virtually in- served a bumblebee flying around in- Flushes up to existing sewer or sep- stinctive and instantaneous, will even side a flower-printed beach umbrella. tic tank by powerful, self-contained that as as it Is flew pump operated by normal water pres- be good may seem? For a solid hour the bee from sure. No digging up floors. Clog the experience of learning perhaps the print of one flower to the print resistant, easily installed. Make base- as valuable as the learning? Nobody of another, seemingly trying to get ment into game room, den, apartment with private bath. Financing available. Dealer in- seems to have looked into that in as honey from them. Presumably, this quiries invited. Write for free catalog. much depth. bee was born with "memory pro- DOSS, Dept. J-17, Box 10947, Houston, Tex. 77018 Krech speaks again: "Who is to teins" instructing it to seek food in decide what happens to whom? The things that look as flowers look. How parent? The huckster? The pediatri- wise was the bee ? How wise was Hit- THE IDEAL JOB? cian? The school board? And what ler, whose Mein Kampf reveals a Many INVESTIGATOR- ADJUST- will be the effects upon our society great deal of knowledge and thought ? ERS feel they have it. Interesting, challenging work, freedom, car ex of either increasing the I.Q. level of How wise were the scotophobic rats penses. Without obligation, find all men, or of increasing the distance who feared all darkness because one out if you can qualify by training at home. No salesman will call. between the brighter and the duller?" dark box was a painful place to be? UNIVERSAL SCHOOL (homestudy) Who, indeed, will control rats Dept. 8221-084, Little the brain How much less wise were the Falls, NJ 07424. ^Oi controllers ? who got scotophobin artificially and

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 : —! feared the dark without any "reason" every child to have the opportunity OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN at all? to become a doctor, a lawyer, a mer- big money SHOE BUSINESS! At least we have some time to chew chant or a chief," he says. "But the all of this over. It is going to be a social and economic implications of Run your own profitable long jump in time from worms and this possibility are enormous. Maybe 'shoe store' business from home in spare or full rats to men, in the most startling we should begin to give them some time. We give you—FREE aspects of "smart pills." We can be thought." —complete Starting Outfit doing a lot of thinking in the mean- So we should. None of the scien- that makes you $217.00 time. While we are waiting, McGaugh tists who are involved in the work EXTRA each month for urges just that. doubts that what they are talking just 2 easy orders a day. "Perhaps it will be the right of about is on the way. end You feature 350 fast-sell- ing dress, sport, work shoe styles for men and women. Air-cushion shoes, PROPERTY BRANDING— many other special fea- THE ANTI-BURGLAR GIMMICK THAT WORKS tures! Sizes 4V2 to 16 widths AA-EEEE. Draw on CONTINUED FROM PAGE 17- 300,000 pair stock. Earn prizes, bonuses, shoes for released even to police departments, burglars to homes that are not in the yourself—even a new car or color TV! Rush post- and most numbers that identify peo- program. Wichita's participating card for your FREE Start- police deal of red households have risen to 30,000, but ple put to a good ing Outfit today . . . tape in order to connect the number there are more than 60,000 to go. Now! with the person. If you haven't branded your valu- MASON SHOE, Dept. G-309, chippewa falls, wis. 54729 The nat'l insurance agents ass'n ables yet, here is the poop on how decided that phone numbers, includ- to get in on it, based on the litera- ing area codes, should be standard. ture of the National Association of Free Chair/Table If police anywhere seize property Insurance Agents (NAIA) Shipping CATALOG /-) PointsSS-— with your phone number, they can 1. In 1,000 communi- more than • OFFICE & LOUNGE DALLAS pick up a phone and dial you im- ties, insurance agents who are mem- FURNITURE BOSTON • BANQUET & MEETING ATLANTA mediately. If you change phones, bers of NAIA will lend you etching FURNITURE CHICAGO «c PITTSBURGH you add your new number to pens and give you decals for your • TENNIS TABLES can | LOS ANGELES • COAT/HAT RACKS J your property. If you have no phone, doors and windows, and inventory an arbitrary number is better than sheets for you to fill out and keep Adirondack nothing though police can't trace it in a safe place to be used only for 276-0 Park Ave. So.; N.Y.C. 10010 so simply. If you later get a phone, police evidence in the event of a it to your brand. burglary. Most of them the you can add use MAKE ¥£$12 AN HOUR AT HOME The New York City police do use NAIA identification in their phone Let Me Prove It To You FREE! Social Security numbers, followed book yellow pages ads. If you can't I'll show you how Plastic Sealing and Laminating at home, spare time, can by "NYC," and the owners file their find such an agent, your police de- Kive you as much as S12 each hour you operate. Table-top machine sets up any- < Social Security numbers with the de- partment will know if there is such where. Easy. Fun. No experience needed, j We furnish everything. We'll even help partment. While this is complicated, a program in your town (and it may finance you. No house-to-house selling. Orders come by mall. Write ior lacts it, other police departments take their be running as it is in New York FREE. No salesman will call. key from NYC, and call the N.Y. City where there are no NAIA WARNER ELECTRIC, 1512 Jams, Dept. L-8-DJ, Chicago, It 60626 police if they find such brands on agents in three boroughs.) As we Groups! 4 men or 400 — seized property. Phone numbers have seen, in Connecticut the state Club BLAZERS, only $29 seem better, as they allow direct con- police run it, though the NAIA agents Why pay $60 per man? Outfitting groups our specialty. Huge inventory tact with original owners. are tied in too. N STOCK, All Sizes, Good Colors & If you sell or buy, or give away, 2. If you run into a stonewall, Beautifully Fit. Just write for details branded property, you should give or there being no such program in your We'll take good care of everybody GroupService Dept. get a bill of sale to prove honest community, you can come in as a UADAUn AL MAbANU 265 N 9 St, PatersonNJ ownership of property with someone lone wolf by writing directly to Na- else's brand. The new owner should tional Association of Insurance MICRO MINI MIKE add his brand and keep a record of Agents, 85 John St., New York, N.Y. WIRELESS * Self contained. Picks up & transmits most the complete markings as well as the 10038, for decals and inventory te; sounds without wires up to 450 ft. thru any FM radio. bill of sale. sheets and information on where ^ Use as burglar alarm, c music amplifier, intercom, baby sitter, Best of all, as Operation Identifica- to get the engraving pens. They can ° hot line, etc. Comp. with batt. Money back guar. B of A, M/C cds. or COD ok tion spreads, the chances of branded usually be purchased for about $6.00 Only $14.95 add 50$ for pstge. & hdlg. property ever being stolen constantly in local tool shops and hardware AMC SALES, Dept. L Box 610, Downey, Ca. 90241 diminishes. The crooks just don't stores, or large department stores. DETECTIVE 1 it. TRAINING want any part of As an added The NAIA goes on to make the Easy home study course prepares men bonus, branding increases the following suggestion: and women for the exciting and reward* ing investigation profession. SEND NOW chances of getting your property If there is no one in your town FOR FREE DETAILS about course, lapel pin and diploma. No salesman will call. back if it is only lost, and not stolen involved in Operation Identification, at all. your Legion Post might take the UNIVERSAL DETECTIVES Tw. This effective burglar-proofing has lead in working with civic and police Dept. AL. Box S180, Universal City, Calif. 91608 j not yet saturated the country. In officials to get it going. It's a natural Big opportunities. Big prof- many communities it isn't yet or- Legion activity under the heading TH! its. Earn quickly. Full or ganized at all, though police rave "to maintain law and order." part time. Learn at home, it's easy. Do real jobs: All about its effectiveness wherever it is. Guidance to on how get coordi- Tools— Materials Sup- Even where it is used, many house- nated property-branding started in plied. Accredited member NHSC. Lie. State of NJ- holders have not joined in. This is your town is available from NAIA Appd. for Vet. Send name bad news for them. One effect of at the John St. address in New and address for FREE book. Locksmithmg Institute, Dept. 1221-084 Operation Identification is to steer York, cited above. end. Div. Technical Home Study Schools, Little Falls, N.J. 07424

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 45 -

PERSONAL NOW YOU CAN INTEREST-RATE FALLOUT. STAND SEEK MORE "TRANSPLANT" DONORS. AND SIT HOME FIRE-FIGHTING GUIDE. WITH EASE! Keep your eye on the trend in interest rates. They're higher now than at any time since the Civil War, and one way or another they have a grip on THE BURKE ELEVATING RECLIN- your pocketbook—perhaps more than you realize. Here's what to expect: ER'S seat stands you on your MORTGAGES: Relatively hard to get. The reason is that money that nor- teet or seats you gently and easily for comfortable relaxa- mally would be available for home loans is being diverted into still more tion. With the same ease recline lucrative channels. So if you want to build or buy a home—or, conversely, in any position . . . elevating feet if you want to sell one—do some serious investigating before firming up and legs as you relax. The seat's your plans. You're sure to find the credit situation rather glum. strength is put into gentle motion INSTALLMENT LOANS: Not noticeably affected as yet. But if the pinch with fingertip control. persists, expect lenders to be choosier and interest rates to inch up. New independence is yours STOCKS: You don't have to be a Wall St. analyst to figure out that gen- or for someone special to you. erally high interest rates make stock dividends (around 4%) look very Write for Free color catalogue, skinny and unattractive. Ergo, the stock market is in a state of uneasiness. price list and information on our What's behind it all? Basically, two conflicting forces: 1) the government, "TRY BEFORE YOU BUY" plan inflation business and which wants to restrict credit to hold down, and 2) with no obligation. industry, which need huge sums for new plants and equipment, as well as day-to-day operations. The upshot is a scramble for a limited amount of funds, resulting in sky-high interest rates. BIKKE P.O. Box 1064, Dept. AL-74-8 Mission, Kansas 66202 • (913) 722-5658

So many vital organs now can be transplanted successfully that the search for donors who wish to bequeath corneas, kidneys, etc. after death is step- Now improved to help you ping up. The gift procedure is simple: KEEP DRY 1) The donor obtains a special card—which is a legal document under THE MASCULINE WAY the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act from a doctor, hospital or foundation. — MALE-DRirn ^^ On it, he specifies which organ (or organs, if he wishes to donate more than one) is to be removed when he dies. Card should be signed by two witnesses.

2) He carries the card at all times (and also informs his family and phy- PIUS 75c absorbent $795 I Postage sician of his act) so that his instructions will be followed immediately and # pads NOW WITH AMAZING "KEEP-DRY" PAD correctly. Here's the easy, sanitary way to stop the embarrassment of wet gar- 3) If he changes his mind, he merely tears the card up. ments and bedding. High-quality elastic belt, wet-proof pouch. Ab- sorbent reusable cotton pad snaps in —removes easily for launder- 4) The estate will not charged for removal of the organs being do- ing. be "Keep-Dry" lining next to skin allows one-way moisture flow ... away from the body. Skin stays drier longer. nated. Conversely, the estate won't be paid, either. IDEAL FOR POST- OPERATIVE COMFORT, TOO. Guaranteed satisfaction or 5) The process does not interfere with funeral or burial arrangements. money back if returned postpaid in 30 days. Comes to you in plain envelope. Send waist measure. pipeb brace CO , Dept. 6) But note: While the gift of an organ that may save another human AL-S4MD • 811 Wyandotte St. • Kansas City, Mo. 64105 being generally is consistent with religious and ethical codes, a prospective NON-MEMBER SUBSCRIPTIONS donor who has any doubts is advised to consult his spiritual leader first. Send name and address, including ZIP number, with $2 check or money order to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. Losses due to fires are up about 20% this year. If that prompts you to think about your own family and home, you might well begin this way: 1) In case of fire, the first rule is to get everybody out safely. Look who's in our 2) The next obvious move is to call the fire department. 5Ostamps-for-1O0. 3) After that, you might consider confining or extinguishing the even Woodrow Wilson and Patrick blaze—if you're absolutely sure you can exit in case your efforts fail. But Henry . . . both these $1 U.S. stamps plus 48 different, sel- be careful to use the right extinguisher; otherwise you could make matters dom-seen stamps from around the world. Just to get your worse and possibly even electrocute yourself. name for our mailing list. Also, free, most wonderful Fires are classified three ways: Type "A" which feeds on paper, wood, catalog of stamp offers in America. Send 10* to: rubbish, etc.; type "B" which involves oil and grease; type "C" which LITTLETON STAMP CO. occurs in electrical Dept. TD-18 gear. Water is fine for type "A," but could be disastrous Littleton, New Hampshire 03561 for types "B" and "C." An extinguisher approved by the Underwriters' Laboratories has a label clearly indicating the types of fire it can combat. 4) Review your home insurance regularly. Replacement costs are rising so rapidly that your coverage quickly can become too low.

5 foreign coins, 100 Manufacturers of power mowers have added a score of safety features We'll send you, for 10tf, seldom seen coins of Spain, in recent years, but here's one hazard they can't control proud fathers Finland, Sierra Leone, Turkey and Czechoslo- — who vakia. Plus a colorful foreign banknote. Just to try to give their kids a joy ride on self-propelled machines, with results get your name for our mailing list. We'll include our free catalog of coins, paper money, collec- that are appalling to insurance companies. By Edgar A. Grunwald tor's supplies. Send lOt, name, address, zip to: LITTLETON COIN CO.. Dept. MB-43 Littleton, New Hampshire 03561

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 —

-—SHOPPER MAN'S WIG s 95 Stretch Wig Completely Covers All Your Hair and Sideburns 7 pay $50 Stays in place on all size heads — easy to put on Thinned and razor cut handsome tapered look and full sideburns. Cool and lightweight. Made of mod- acrylic fiber— looks and feels like real hair— has luster, rich body and bounce of hitman hair. Can be washed and shampooed— never loses its shape—can be combed, trimmed and restyled if you wish. Specify color desired: Black. Off Black. Chestnut. Dark. Medium or Light Brown, Dark Blonde, Grey and Black mixed. Grey and Brown mixed. Mention Style M-103. Pay postman on de- livery $7.95 plus C.O.D. postage. Or send only $7.95 and we will pay postage. Money back guarantee if not satisfied. GREAT MOMENTS of American History FRANKLIN FASHIONS, Dept. M-385 in this collection of U.S. Commemorative 103 E. Hawthorne Ave., Valley Stream, N.Y. 11580 RENTAL-PURCHASE Program Available stamps. Silver Centennial, Arctic Explora- tion. Pony Express, Oregon Statehood, Your STAIR-GLIDE® installs easily and in less Mint Sipex Sheet, $5 stamp, Ecology than 2 hours. No marring walls or stairway. stamps, etc. Also, free catalog of stamp No special wiring required. Shipped from fac- offers in America. Send 10c. name, ad- tory within 3 days. STAIR-GLIDE® ... the na- dress, zip to: Littleton Stamp Co., Dept. HEARING AIDS tion's largest selling stairway elevator! PD-1, Littleton, N.H. 03561 USED BY THOUSANDS: CARDIAC PATIENTS, COMPARABLE ARTHRITICS, SENIOR CITIZENS, RESTRICTED

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Very low battery prices. Write for FREE litera- ture. No salesman will ever call. Good hearing Your help goes where is a wonderful gift. LLOYD CORP. ^ ^ hunger is — — Give to Dept. ARL, 128 Kish. St., Rockford, III. 61104 CARE, New York 10016 LOW COST, FULL SIZE READING GLASSES, magnifying impact- resistant lenses aid for those over 40 to GREENHOUSES help reading & do close work. Not Rx; not for astigmatism or eye disease. Latest for the home gardener style. 10-day trial satisfaction guar. State age & sex. $4.95 a pair, ppd. Precision Optical Co. Dept. AL-8, Rochelle, III. 61068 COLOR CATALOG

Build Your Own Grandfather Clock for under

THIS $200 12 FT. MODEL 129.95 (Including West WRITE FOR FREE COLOR BROCHURE German Movement) Peter Reimuller/Greenhouseman™ • Do-lt-Yourself Case Kits, parts MAN'S STRETCH WIG—of modacrylic Box 2666-18, Santa Cruz, Ca. 95063 fiber covers hair of any size head. Cool, pre-cut, solid lightweight & washable. Comes in black, 3/n" black wal- off black, chestnut, dark, medium or light Zip your mail brown, dark blonde, black or brown with Code ALL nut, mahogany, grey. $7.95 pstpd. Specify color & style cherry Your mail will be delayed if it #M105. Franklin Fashions, Dept. AL-84, doesn't show your Zip Code. Start • Movements and 103 E. Hawthorne Ave., Valley Stream, now to give your Zip Code as part N.Y. 11580 dials of your address on ALL your mail. • Finished Clocks HELP YOUR POSTOFFICE HELP YOU • Direct Factory prices

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 47 —

THIS IS A LIFESTYLE? I'm city-bound for daily forage Then country-bound for nightly storage. Rosemarie Williamson

GET IT?

A neurotic employee is one who tells you a joke the boss told him, and then expects you to laugh at it. Charles Ruffing THE TREND The spread of rising prices from the bakery to the deli Is inflation of the dollar and deflation of the belly.

Michael J. Bugeja DRESSED FOR THE PART A wife will give her husband sports shirts, slacks and loafers, then call him lazy when he acts the part he's dressed for. Lane Olinghouse

PROCRASTINATION Procrastination — You thief of time — Stop trying to be — A Friend of mine.

Procrastination — You crook of deeds — "Okay, you all got your robbery assignments for Friday. Stop keeping me from — On Saturday we'll have Show and Tell at the hideout!" My family's needs. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Procrastination — Leave my home — It took me a month — To type this poem. M. K. McCauley HE SAID A MOUTHFUL

A young lad who was studying for a test in his hygiene class asked his GALACTIC INFLATION father, who was watching TV, a question: Perhaps some of the other planets are "Say, Dad, the three basic rules for having good teeth are to brush them not able to support life, but it's not such twice a day and see your dentist twice a year, but I can't remember the an easy trick on this old planet either. third. Can you?" Gene Yasenak "Yeah," the father replied, "don't ask your Dad questions when he's watching a baseball game." Lloyd Byers

PART OF THE GAME

I work on a writing program with inmates at our state reformatory. Often prisoners try to explain to me why they are there. "I need a challenge," one explained. "As a burglar I can try to outwit police and detectives." "But couldn't you find something to challenge you that would be legal?" I asked. "That wouldn't be as exciting," he said. I looked at the locked doors and barred windows—then protested, "But surely NOTHING could be worth being here!" "Oh THIS," he said, shrugging his shoulders, "this is an OCCUPA- TIONAL HAZARD." Dorothy Carey

SHE FOLLOWS INSTRUCTIONS IMPLICITLY

An airline provided its switchboard operators with instructions to fol- low in case of a bomb threat. The first directive was to notify the police. A couple of days later an operator got an opportunity to use the instruc- tions. "I'm sorry," she politely informed the caller. "We don't take bomb "Did you clean the ring out of the tub?" threats here. You'll have to call the police." G. G. Crabtree THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • AUGUST 1974 ——

$ FOR A LIMITED SAVE 3°° THOUSANDS SOLD AT $22.98 98 TIME ONLY! SALE I NOW ONLY $19

Barbers talk a lot. Except when ^ they find an w4 electric shaver that outshaves a hand-honed straight razor.

Then they keep it to

themselves. Until now!

A barber gets $ 1 .50 plus lip for a shave with his electric razor. straight and neat for today's new "styled" look. The high- For years he's kept the brand name hidden with adhesive tape. impact plastic housing is sculpted to fit your hand effortlessly. Removable stainless steel head rinses clean under running wa- Can you rightly blame him? For this professional instrument ter. On-off switch, plus separate switch to operate trimmer. outshaves his hand-honed straight razor! You won't find it in The specially counter-balanced drive gives you a smooth, stores. It's been a secret weapon of master barbers for years. vibration-free shave, and won't cause radio or TV interference. It delivers a barber-close shave that lasts all day long. It does

it faster and with less chance of irritation than a straight It all adds up to an amazing shaving experience. An electric

razor. That's why barbers use it on the toughest beards and shave that makes your face come cleaner than a hand-honed the most sensitive skin. surgical steel barber's straight razor — and in a lot less time.

Now the secret is out. A barber talked. We have it. The Oster Expecting a hefty price tag? Forget it! The Oster Professional Professional Electric Shaver. shaver was designed for barbers who don't go for expensive, complete Contoured Head unneeded frills. The price is regularly only $22.98, with cleaning brush and head cover. And now, for a limited

Like a Barber's Fingers time only. . . the Oster Professional is yours to enjoy for only $19.98 - a healthy $3.00 saving! The design is a barber's dream. Technically, the shaving head design is called a "double arch contour," because it sets up whiskers just like a barber does with his fingers. It means you 30-DAY FREE TRIAL! get every whisker at one pass— as clean as if you had drawn a hand-honed, surgically sharp, straight razor over your face. Treat your face to the Oster Professional Shaver for 30 days — 30 days of the smoothest, fastest, closest, most 4,000 Comb Traps irritation-free shaving you've ever enjoyed . . . either

152 Surgical Steel Edges blade or electric! Then, if not completely satisfied, re- Four thousand comb-like perforations trap each whisker right turn for a full refund. at the skin line. Powerful 120-volt, 60-cycle motor drives the 152 surgical-sharp cutting edges to make the toughest beard disappear magically— without the slightest irritation to even SAVE $3.00 BY ORDERING the most sensitive skin. DURING THIS LIMITED SALE! So Powerful, I JAY NORRIS CORP., 25 W. Merrick Rd. I Whiskers Turn to Dust! Dept. AK-118 Freeport, N.Y. 11520 Open an ordinary electric shaver and you'll find bits and I Show me! I'd like to treat my face to the Oster Profes- pieces whisker. these run-of-the-mill of That's because shavers sional Electric Shaver's barber-close shaves! If it doesn't i hack and chop your beard. But the Oster Professional Electric deliver smoother, faster, closer, more irritation-free shaves 1 than I've ever I I return Shaver operates at nearly twice the speed—on ordinary house- enjoyed, understand that can my shaver in 30 days for full refund or cancellation of ! hold current—and actually pulverizes whiskers into fine AC charges. ($19.98, plus $2.00 postage and handling total: — I microscopic dust. $21.98). N.Y. residents add sales tax. 1 Separate Trimmer Enclosed is check money order i

Other Great Features Name I (Please Print) No expense was spared to make the Oster Professional Shaver I

to rigid, master-barber specifications. Motor-driven trimmer Address 1

operates independently to trim moustaches and sideburns I

City . coBfi I 2ZZZO State .Zip I 25 W. Merrick Rd., Dept. AK-118, Freeport, N.Y. 11520 © Corp., 1974 -J Serving Satisfied Customers lor over 25 Years Jay Norris ! !

WHILE THEY LAST Get the famous Haband TRIPLE PLUS LONGER LIF E than we dare ~~———— promise out loud EXACT FIT— no running around!

EASY CA RE FACTOR - Shoes that never need a shine! Simply wipe clean with a damp cloth!

SHOES |PLEASE RUSH! In view of already announced manufacturers price increases 27.70 this offer is soon to be discontinued!!! | g 4 for 36 20 HABAND COMPANY SIZES AVAILABLE - Is Your Size Here? Direct Service Department To 265 North 9th Street CASH IN Paterson, New Jersey 07508 Please send me On Approval the on these Gentlemen: pairs of shoes specified hereon. I have Extraordinary checked my choice of style & size in box at SAVINGS, before right and my remittance of $ is enclosed in full. substantial price increases . GUARANTEE : Your remittance in full take effect, USE THIS COUPON L| /•£?.•/«..'<',-/ if you do not choose to wear them. y 700-42 We will be proud to send you any 2 pairs in I Name your exact size, IMMEDIATE DELIVERY! Apt.

• Street Paterson,

New Jersey City . 07508 ZIP HABAND State CODE Established 1925 and still doing direct mail order business, with more than 1 ,000,000 customers! HABAND PAYS THE POSTAGE