E1126 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site V6 TamilNadu, India

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CONTENTS Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

CONTENTS List of Tables List of Abbreviations EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 Background 1 Objectives 1 Scope 2 Approach and Methodology 2 Description of Project and Project Area 3 Existing tenements and Non tenements in the scheme areas 5 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 6 Need for EIA 6 Regulatory Framework 6 Review of Policies 7 National Environmental Regulations 7 State – Level Legislation - Tamilnadu 10 Project Profile 13 Baseline Assessment – Environmental Components 17 Baseline Parameters sample collection procedures 22 Methodology 30 Environmental Impact Assessment 31 Areas of Focus 32 Community and Stakeholder Consultations 33 Conclusion 35 3.0 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 40 Introduction 40 Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy Framework 40 Project Specific Policy Framework 43 Baseline Socio Economic survey 43 Issues raised during baseline survey 44 Methodology adopted & Categorization 48 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Scoring Matrices 48 4.0 TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN 59 Need for Temporary shelters 59 Proposal for Temporary shelters during transit period 59 Transit Relocation Site Selection 61 Stakeholder’s Views 61 Consultations and Discussions 62 Outcome of the Consultation 63 Stages of Transit Relocation Plan 64 Institutional Arrangement 64 Resource requirement for construction 65 Description of TRP and its amenities proposed 65 Social Assistance to Transit Shelters 65 Environmental Analysis of TRP 66 Impact Analysis & Mitigation Measures 67 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 75 Environmental Management Plan 75 Environmental Management Plan for permanent shelters 76 Sustainable Site Planning – Avenues for Environmental Enhancement 84 Institutional framework and capacity building 89 6.0 RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (RIP) Resettlement Implementation Plan 93 Phasing of Resettlement Implementation Plan 95 Institutional Framework for Resettlement Implementation Plan 95 Costs and Budget 103 Consultations and Participative Process 105 Allotment Process – Suggested Eligibility Guidelines 106 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

LIST OF TABLES

1.1 Land use Pattern 5 1.2 Existing tenements in the scheme areas as well as Tsunami affected 5 families 2.1 Building Construction projects / Area Development projects and 8 Townships 2.2 Summary of clearances to be obtained 12 2.3 Area of Settlements & and its Extent 13 2.4 Demographic Details of Settlements 14 2.5 Air quality Details 14 2.6 Noise level Details 15 2.7 Existing land use Breakup 15 2.8 Tenements Details Settlement wise 15 3.1 Overall Assessment of Baseline survey 44 3.2 BLS survey for shops for all villages 45 3.3 Common properties 46 4.1 Details of Transit Sites 59 4.2 Demography of Project Area (Approximate) 61 4.3 Estimated Resource requirements 65 4.4 Estimated quantities 65 4.5 Financial Assistance for shifting and rental purpose 66 4.6 Location for temporary shelters 66 4.7 Existing and Proposed Sanitation facilities 66 4.8 Solid Waste Generation and Management 67 4.9 Public fountains & Streetlight proposed in TRP 67 4.10 Environmental Management Plan for Construction of Temporary Shelters 70 5.1 Environmental Management Plan for Construction of Permanent Shelters 77 5.2 EMP Budget 83 6.1 Construction of Permanent structure in Phase I 94 6.2 Budget Estimate 104 6.3 Community Assets 106 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS APHA American Public Health Association ASI Archaeological Survey of India BIS Bureau of Indian Standards BLS Baseline Surveys BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BT Bitumen C Celsius CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamps CMWSSB Chennai Metro Water Supply and Sewerage Board CO Carbon Monoxide CoC Corporation of Chennai COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CPCB/SPCB Central Pollution Control Board/State Pollution Control Board CPWD Central Public Works Department CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone Cum Cubic metre dB (A) Decibel (“A” weighting filter) DTCP Directorate of Town and Country Planning EA Environmental Assessment ECoP Environmental Codes of Practice EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environment Protection Act ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ETRP Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project FAR Floor Area Ratio FSI Floor Space Index GoI Government of India Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

GoTN Government of Tamil Nadu gpcd Grams per capita per day Ha hectares HH Households HTL High Tide Line IDA International Development Association IRC Indian Road Congress KLD Kilo litres per day Leq equivalent continuous sound level lpcd Litres per capita per day LTL Low Tide Line MD Managing Director mm millimeter MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests MPN Most Probable Number MSW Municipal Solid Waste NBC National Building Code NGO Non – Governmental Organization

NOx Oxides of Nitrogen O&M Operation and Maintenance OC Other Caste OD Operational Directives OP Operational Policy PAF Project Affected Families PAH Project Affected Households PAP Project Affected People Pb Lead PIU Project Implementation Unit RAP Resettlement Action Plan RIP Resettlement Implementation Plan RPM Respirable Particulate Matter SA Social Assessment SHGC Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

SO2 Sulfur-di-oxide SPL Sound Pressure Level SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SPS Sewage Pumping Station Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

TDS Total Dissolved Solids TNHB Tamil Nadu Housing Board TNSCB Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board TRP Transit Relocation Plan TRS Transit Relocation Sites TSS Total Suspended Solids UDPFI Urban Development Plans Formulation and Implementation Guidelines UGSS Underground Sewerage Scheme VT Visual Transmittance WWR Window-to-Wall Ratio

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board in the wake of the tsunami disaster (that occurred on December 26 2004, TNSCB has envisaged a project to rehabilitate the tsunami affected people at the Marina and to provide standardized housing tenements for the aforementioned populace and those living in the existing dilapidated tenements through requisite demolition and construction works. The project area comprises the villages of Nochikuppam, Nochi Nagar, Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram, Foreshore Estate and Srinivasapuram. The projected affected households comprise both fisher folk and non-fisher folk.

The focus is on rehabilitation of Tsunami affected families and hence the in-situ resettlement has been taken up to ensure that the fishermen are resettled in the same area to constitute their livelihood to the extent possible.

The Government of Tamilnadu is responsible for the implementation of the ETRP-Housing policy to reduce the vulnerability of coastal communities through the TNSCB. The TNSCB intends to reconstruct tenements after demolition of existing dilapidated tenements. Implementation is envisaged in two phases, namely Phase – I which comprises of three areas namely Area-1 (Nochikuppam and Nochi Nagar), Area-2 (Dommingkuppam and Selvarajapuram), Area-3 (Foreshore Estate) and Phase–II (Srinivasapuram).

It is proposed to construct 5856 permanent shelters in four sites as detailed in the table below:

Details of Permanent Structures - Phase - I & Phase - II Area of No of Site Area each Survey S.No Location Permanent Ownership Details (Ha) shelter No. Shelters (Sq.m ) PHASE - I 1 Site-1 Nochikuppam 3.3264 1452 33.20 7577 & 7580 TNSCB 2 Site-2 Dommingkuppam 1.8300 828 33.20 7585 pt & 7587 pt TNSCB 3 Site-3 Foreshore Estate 2.8223 992 33.20 7587 pt & 7588 pt TNSCB PHASE – II 7590,4593/34 pt & Site-4 Srinivasapuram 6.2000 2584 33.20 TNSCB 4593/39 Total 5856 Inorder to provide shelters for the affected communities during the construction phase, the project also envisages to provide 3636 temporary shelters at five locations within the project area as shown in the table below.

Location for temporary shelters Extent Proposed Number Now actually S. Site Location Survey No. of Dwellings under No. Number (in sq. m.) construction 1. I Nochikuppam 7580 part 3,375 258 195 2. II Nochikuppam 7581 part 17,084 1126 1037 7582 & 7585 3 III** Nochikuppam 13,793 part 1477 1477 4 IIIa Doming Kuppam 7585 part 4,509 490 - 5 IV Doming Kuppam 7587 part 4,900 285 300 Total 3636 3009 Site III** – under court purview necessary clearance need to be obtained by the TNSCB before construction Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

The total number beneficiaries identified under the project is 4158 out of which 3636 nos would be availiing temporary accomodation and remaining 522 nos will be given the rental option. ii

The Environmental and Social Assessment Report comprises the Environmental Management Plan and Resettlement Action and Implementation Plan (RAP/RIP) as per study ToR requirements. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and the budget for EMP has been prepared for both Phase-I and Phase-II. The RAP and RIP has been prepared in two volumes, for Phase-I and Phase-II. The main objective of this assessment is to ensure that the housing construction project from Nochikuppam to Srinivasapuram is sustainable in terms of environmental social, economical and human capitals. The assessment also provides project and activity specific management plans inorder to manage the impacts during and after the project construction.The methodology adopted for conducting the environmental and social impact assessment is by conducting baseline surveys and analysis of primary and secondary data, discussions with key stakeholders with regard to assessing the potential impacts and implication of the project from a socio- economic and environmental standpoint.

Based on the assessment,the resettlement implementation cost for Phase-I works out to Rs. 170.81 Crores and Phase – II works out to Rs.125.56 Crores. The Budget for Implementation of the Environmental Management Plan for the entire project (both Phases) is Rs. 28.8 Lakhs covering the construction and operation phase.

Environmental Impact Assessment

The project site is situated at a distance of about 200 m from Bay of Bengal on the east separated by the Beach road. Residential, Institutional and Commercial structures are found on the western side of the project site. The Light House and Marina Beach are located towards the northern side. Adyar Creek is situated on the southern side of the project site.

Adyar creek is one of the sensitive environmental components spread over an area of 358 acres and the project site is located at a distance of 100 m from the creek. The discharge of sewage and disposal of debris from the project activities would cause adverse impacts to Adyar creek, if adequate mitigation measures as given in the EMP are not followed.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been carried out by conducting baseline assessment of the initial evaluation environmental components such as micrometeorology, air, water, and soil, noise quality. The existing condition of the project site was monitored for environmental quality following the MoEF norms. The monitoring program comprised of sampling locations stationed at 6 points in and around the project area. The testing was carried out following the BIS methods. The quality of environmental components was assessed based on the levels of parameters monitored and their comparison with the permissible limits as per the applicable norms. The results of environmental quality monitoring revealed that all the parameters were within the prescribed limits and this monitoring provided the basis for studying the impacts and providing suitable mitigation measures. This project envisages improvements to the existing living Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

condition of communities in the project area. This project also envisages providing better sanitation facilities, safety shelters, workshops for carrying out minor repairs, vehicle parking facilities, recreational facilities and study centres etc.

Impact Identification and Analysis

Construction Phase Impacts The impact on air, water, soil and noise quality that may arise during the construction phase have been identified as: • Demolition of existing dilapidated structures • Handling and Disposal of debris generated from demolition activity iii • Transportation of construction materials to the site. • Handling of Construction Materials • Other Construction related Activities

The impacts on air and noise quality will be negligible with proper adherence of measures suggested in the EMP. Sewage and solid waste generated from the sanitation facilities proposed for the labourers during construction phase will cause adverse impact to the ground water and soil if the same is not handled properly.The project site is devoid of any endemic flora and fauna and does not harbour any species of ecological or economic importance and hence no adverse impacts are expected during the construction phase.

Operational Phase Impacts The adverse impact on water including on Adyar creek and on soil due to the discharge of sewage and during collection and disposal of garbage is anticipated, if the wastes are not handled and disposed properly. However, there will not be any adverse impacts on ambient air and noise, as the project does not include backup power through D.G.sets. The project implementation does not result to any increase in pollution load due to the expected decrease in population.

Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures for the identified impacts both during construction and operation phase on air, water, soil and noise quality are described below.

Air quality During the construction phase, the project site should be provided with wind shields of adequate height along the boundary to abate the dust from spreading to neighbouring habitations. The workers should be provided with requisite environmental health and safety equipments such as face mask as per requirement. Trucks should be covered with tarpaulin to ensure the dust abatement during transportation. Building materials such as blue metal, sand, brick etc should be wetted before loading and unloading operations. Ready mixed concrete should be used for all large concreting in accordance with the applicable standards and norms. Internal roads should be wetted continuously to abate dust generation during vehicular movements.D.G.Sets provided during construction phase should be installed in an appropriate rated enclosure and located from the western boundary of the site with adequate height of stack to ensure that the exhaust gas does not drift towards permanent residential and common facilities. Trucks used for transportation should have periodic emission checks and take corrective action prior to use (if permissible limits are exceeded) to reduce the impact due to exhaust gas emissions. During operation phase, potential adverse impacts on ambient air is not expected since the project does not include backup power supply through D.G.sets. Further there is an expected decrease in the residing population upon project implementation, therefore an increase in traffic and additional adverse impact due to vehicular movements is not anticipated.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Noise Quality Vehicular movements, some construction activities and D.G.Set operations are bound to increase the noise levels in the working area temporarily. In order to reduce the noise, vehicular movements will be staggered. Ready mixed concrete will be used for large volume concreting in accordance with the applicable standards and norms. Green cover should be proposed along the boundaries for noise abatement to the extent feasible. During the operation phase, there will not be any additional adverse impacts to ambient noise, as the project does not iv include backup power through D.G.sets. Further there is an expected decrease in the residing population upon project implementation, therefore an increase in traffic and additional adverse impact on noise quality due to vehicular movements is not anticipated.

Water & Soil Quality

Sewage generated during construction phase from labour toilets and transit shelters should be discharged into the underground sewer with due clearance from the Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB). Therefore, considerable adverse impact on water and soil quality is not expected. Water for the construction activity would be supplied through tanker lorries, and hence no impact is expected on ground water. Adequate number of dumper bins should be provided to collect and store the garbage and the garbage should be disposed through Corporation of Chennai on daily basis. Solid waste generated during construction phase such as building debris should be disposed with the consent of Corporation of Chennai for filling and raising of low lying areas. Reusable materials such as steel, wood etc should be disposed as per applicable norms.

Vehicular movement should be spread over a period of time during the construction phase and separate entry and exit should be maintained. Since the part of population will be relocated no addition in traffic volume is foreseen and hence there will not be any additional adverse impact on traffic.

Environmental Management Plan

The environmental management plan has been presented suggesting sustainable measures for the project activities. The EMP has also outlined the instruments for environmental enhancement such as rain water harvesting, green-belt development, energy conservation measures. The institutional and capacity building framework for the effective implementation of the EMP has been suggested. The implementation of the EMP should be carried out by the TNSCB through a project management consultancy as desired.

Social Impact Assessment

Social Impact Assessment for the project has been carried out for the families enumerated by the TNSCB by considering the data obtained from each family during base line survey through the questionnaires. The indicators used for assessment includes such as family particulars, education, employment, income, livelihood activities (primary and secondary occupation), assets, liabilities, expenditure on maintenance aspects, demographic characteristics, loses, etc. The TNSCB in consultation with the GoTN has categorised the families into five categories as mentioned in the following table based on the scores obtained.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Category I and IA SE and ME (Tenements & Huts) (with score > 6) Category II and IIA SO and MOH ((Tenements and Huts with score > 6) (Score of 4&5) Category III and IIIA SN and MNH (Tenements and Huts) (Score of 0,1,2,&3) Category IV and IVA MO(Tenement) MO (Huts) (Score of 6,7,8&9)) Category V and V A MN (Tenement) MN (Huts) ( Score of 0,1,2,3,4,5)

v

The Board in BR No.38/429, Dt:16.07.2009, it has been decided that the claimants in categories I, II, III & IA and IIAa (with documentary proof for having lived in the area in 2005) comprising of 4224 families will be provided with free tenements in Marina, as against the Boards’ approval for categories I, II & IA, IIAa (free tenements at Marina for those having documentary proof for having lived in the area in 2005) will be provided free tenements at Marina. The claimants or the families coming under category IIAb (without documentary proof for having lived in the area in 2005) IIIA, (1676 families) will be provided free tenements at Okkium Thoraipakkam under Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project against the Board’s approval for hire purchase tenements at Okkium Thoraipakkam. The claimants coming under category IV (134 families) are the legal heirs, sons and daughters of the occupants of the tenements. If these families are left out, the scheme of construction of tenements in Marina may not be possible to implement peacefully. In view of the Boards approval for subsidized H.P tenements at Okkium Thoraipakkam, the same is reiterated in respect of category IV. The families coming under categories IVA, V & VA are ineligible. The abstract details as finalized are mentioned below.

a. Eligible For Tenements In Marina (Under ETRP)

Category No. of tenements / huts As Finalized 1 2 3 I 2473 Free tenements at Marina IA 1293 Free tenements at Marina II 81 Free tenements at Marina IIAa 97 Free tenements at Marina for those with documentary proof for having lived in the area in 2005 (TAF) III 280 Free tenements at Marina Total 4224

b. Eligible For Tenements In OTP (Under ETRP)

IIAb 214 Free tenements at OTP for those without documentary proof for having lived in this area in 2005 (PAF). IIIA 1462 Free tenements at OTP (PAF) TOTAL 1676

c. Eligible For Tenements Under Hire Purchase

IV 134 Subsidized H.P. tenements at OTP Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

TOTAL 134

d. Ineligible For Tenements

IVA 210 rejected V 2357 rejected VA 1265 rejected Total 3832 Grand Total 9866

Transit Relocation Plan The objective and proposal of provision of temporary shelters has been planned inorder to sustain the regular activities of the project affected families under vi Category-I and Category-II with emphasis on their livelihood. TNSCB has identified 5 sites for providing transit accommodation for the beneficiaries. The type of shelter and facilities in the proposed temporary shelters has been developed based on the consultations with the project beneficiaries. The Transit Relocation Plan consists of two stages comprising allotment process and the institutional arrangement for implementation.

Resettlement Implementation Plan

Resettlement Implementation Plan (RIP) delineates the stages, objectives, implementation of Resettlement Plan, phasing, the implementation mechanism, the authorities responsible for Implementation of Resettlement Plan, Community Participation for Resettlement Plan Implementation, Steps in implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation procedures, the baseline characteristics for Impact Monitoring, Compensation details, the overall cost of R&R, consultation and participation process for the project and also the exit strategy for the implementation agency. The Resettlement Implementation Plan has been prepared keeping in mind the aspects that ensure the project affected people with provisions of housing and assistance for the losses, to enable them to enhance their living standards.

The budgetary support for RIP provides compensation for assets which includes residential, commercial and common properties such as temples etc. An allowance covering shifting allowance, subsistence allowance and rental allowance has also been included. Compensation for residential structures such as tenants and owner, and commercial structures such shops have been worked out following the provisions laid down in the G.O. Ms. No. 697 Revenue dept Dt. 06.12.2008 of the GoTN. Each allottee will be provided with a two time shifting allowance of Rs.1000 and a rental allowance of Rs.1000 per month for a period of 21 months in case of the those allottees opting for rental accommodation. An allowance of Rs.1000 towards shifting and subsistence allowance of Rs.50/day is provided for shop owners for a period of 18 months.

The implementation of the project should be monitored by the TNSCB through the project management consultant (PMC). The responsibilities of the PMC includes the (i) preparation of photo bio metric card used for allocation and overall monitoring of project implementation, handing over of the Permanent Shelters to the community stakeholders for self-management, their federations, women groups, and others.(ii) ensuring that the allotted person is occupying the Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

permanent shelter and also certify the availability of potable water supply, electricity, sewerage connection, solid waste management facilities and other common facilities. Community Development Wing of TNSCB along with the PMC will be involved to a greater extent in handing over the Permanent shelters to the allottees. (iii) User fees like water charges, sewerage and electricity charges shall be arrived and communicated to the allottees. (iv) ensuring that the dumper bins for the collection of solid waste would be placed at appropriate locations and cleared regularly by the Corporation of Chennai. (v) Development of site specific tasks and allocation of responsibilities through community participation to be undertaken by formal and informal institutions for sustainable self-management of Permanent Shelters by the Allottees and their co-operative societies after project completion.

Conclusion The environmental and social assessment study has been carried out satisfying the ToR requirements also suggesting suitable and sound management plans for sustainable project implementation.

INTRODUCTION Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-1- 1 INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND 1.1 The Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board in the wake of the tsunami disaster (that occurred on December 26’ 2004, which damaged permanent structures and affected coastal habitations with a population of almost one million in the east coast of Tamil Nadu) has initiated a rehabilitation project to provide better infrastructure facilities for the Tsunami Affected Families living in the project area (Nochikuppam, Nochinagar, Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram, Foreshore estate and Srinivasapuram). The TNSCB has proposed to construct tenements with infrastructure in Marina after demolition of the existing dilapidated rental tenements located between Nochikuppam and Srinivasapuram in Chennai under the World Bank funded Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project (ETRP).The other beneficiaries in this project include the project affected families residing in the existing tenements in the project area.

1.2 The sites proposed for rehabilitation include Nochikuppam, Nochi Nagar, Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram, Foreshore Estate and Srinivasapuram with more than 11,000 tsunami- affected families residing in the tenements and huts. The affected families are both fisher folk and non- fisher folk.

1.3 Since there are no suitable sites for rehabilitation of fishermen, the in- situ resettlement has been selected to ensure that fishermen are resettled close to the sea to constitute their Aerial View of Project Site livelihood and this ETRP projects Source: Google main focus is to rehabilitate the people living around Marina and further opening an opportunity for those living in the project affected area in dilapidated tenements to resettle in more secured houses. Against this background, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment has been carried out to examine the feasibility of the project and to prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Resettlement Implementation Plan (RIP).

OBJECTIVES

1.4 The main objectives of this assessment is to improve decision making and ensure that the housing construction project from Nochikuppam to Srinivasapuram under consideration is environmentally and socially sustainable and prepare suitable and sound management plans to manage the unavoidable impacts. The main objective Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

is to provide for the implementation of environmental and social management measures, which are required during and after the project construction.

1.5 The outputs of this assessment will also be used to obtain environmental clearances from the Government agencies (both at the State, Central and World Bank levels). Therefore, the environmental assessment shall be performed in accordance- 2with- applicable requirements. With regard to the former, the requirements include compliance to the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification 2006, the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification 1991 and other environmental acts and rules such as the Air Act 1981, Water Act 1974, Environment Protection Act 1987 and the Public Liability Insurance Act 1991. With regard to the World Bank, the operational policies include Bank’s ten safeguard policies. Of these, the most relevant is the OP 4.01 Environment Assessment. All these safeguard policies and guidebooks associated with these safeguard policies should be used for reference.

1.6 The main objective of social assessment is to enumerate the project affected people and ascertain the existing living conditions of the tsunami and project affected people and prepare a Resettlement Implementation Plan. Specific to this Tsunami Emergency Reconstruction Project, there is an Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) that has been developed in line with the Bank’s safeguard policies. This EA and SA and management plans (EMP/ RIP) shall be performed in line with the requirements of the ESMF.

SCOPE

1.7 Scope of work for the assignment as outlined the study ToR is listed below for reference:

• To review all the MoEF, State level and Local Level legislative requirements along with World Bank Operational Policies in order to prescribe the existing environmental and social impact to the proposed project. • To conduct Base Line Survey and collection of secondary data in relation to document information on environmental and social issues regarding climate, topography, characteristics, drainage, soil characteristics, green cover, air quality, noise levels, water quality, and wastage management practices. As far the social issues are concerned, the family particulars, education, employment, income, livelihood activities, assets, debt liability, expenditure on maintenance, demographic characteristics and losses etc., are covered. • To identify the project’s potential impacts related to various environmental components during pre-construction, construction and operation phases. To understand these impacts on various social issues and framing remedial measures on prevention, mitigation and compensation related to the temporary shelters as well as the permanent shelters in the above periods. • In order to identify the remedial measures, stakeholders’ consultations, analysis of alternative requirements, mitigation of adverse impacts are all followed. • In the post resettlement phase discussion on allotment processes and forming building wise cooperative groups in full consultation and participation of potential beneficiaries.

APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

1.8 The methodology adopted for conducting the environmental and social impact assessment is by organizing through conducting baseline survey and collecting information on primary and secondary data, discussions with key stakeholders with regard to assessing the potential impacts and implication of the project from a socio-economic and environmental standpoint.

1.9 Initial social and environmental examination of the potential aspects and related impacts has been performed through baseline surveys, secondary data collection and stakeholder consultations. Environmental issues such as climate, topography, drainage, soil characteristics, green cover, air quality, noise levels, water quality,-3- and sanitation and waste management practices have been monitored through sampling and analysis of critical environmental parameters have also been performed accordingly.

1.10 The socio-economic data on tsunami affected people and tenements including demography details family particulars, education and literacy level, employment, income, livelihood, assets, financial discipline (debt management etc.), expenditure on maintenance, aspects, like petty shops, other livelihood options, assets, health profile, basic facilities and amenities such as water supply and sanitation have been collected through the baseline survey.

1.11 Analysis of the aforementioned surveys and investigations and associated data shall have been performed to identify the potential impacts on the project from a socio-environmental standpoint. Based on the outcome of the analysis, consultations and discussions, project-specific EMP and RAP for remedial and mitigation measures have been prepared in a tangible manner. Detailed methodology explained in the Social impact assessment chapter.

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT AREA

Project Master Plan

1.12 As specified earlier, this scheme is an initiative of the TNSCB to rehabilitate the public affected by tsunami living in huts and tenement in marina under the aegis of the Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project (ETRP) funded by The World Bank. The beneficiaries includes the people living in TNSCB tenements who are likely to be affected due to the project implementation as these tenements are need to be demolished to create space for the construction and also due to dilapidated conditions of the structure constructed during 1970 to 1975, The map of the project area is presented in Annexure-IV.

Modalities of Construction

1.13 This reconstruction plan is proposed to be taken up and completed within a period of two years. The new tenements are to be constructed by raising the basement level suitably and incorporating the latest technology with respect to earthquake and tsunami/ cyclone resistance. The proposed reconstruction plan shall include structural stability factors keeping in view the vulnerable location of the project site along the sea front. The site is under jurisdiction of Division No.6 of Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Corporation of Chennai. All settlements are situated along the coastal belt on Kamarajar Salai and Santhome High Road in the Eastern direction and spread over a distance of 2.05 km. The proposed layout comprising all project sites has been designed with an internal road network gaining access from the existing 18 meter wide road running north to south.

Project Site Location

1.14 The project site is located in Triplicane and Mylapore Taluk and is adjacent to the Santhome Church and Light House. The project site has an extent of 14.96 hectares and the existing tenements and huts are in a dilapidated condition due to tsunami. These structures are proposed to be demolished and reconstructed under this project. The project site is observed to be fairly level site and is suitable for construction.

-4- Preference for Relocation & Resettlement

1.15 An important section of the enumeration performed involved assessment of the requirement/ choice of the respondents in both tenement and non-tenement categories on the following aspects:

ƒ Temporary Shelters – Preference for selecting (a) Transit Site; (b) Rental; and (c) Relocation to off-site transit sites at Okkiyam – Thoraipakkam ƒ Permanent Shelters – Preference for (a) Same Location (Project Site) and (b) Off-site/ Other Location

Preference for Temporary and Permanent Shelters Preference for Relocation Tenement Non-Tenement Total Temporary Shelters 1. Transit Site 1489 1885 3374 2. Rental 0 0 0 3. Others 0 0 0 4. Non respondent 1512 899 Total 3001 2784 5785 Permanent Relocation 0 1. Same Location 3001 2784 5785 2. Other Places 0 0 0 3. Non Respondent 0 Total 3001 2784 5785

It can be seen that almost the entire community surveyed prefers the project site in the case of transit relocation (temporary shelters) and the proposed site for reconstruction in the case of permanent shelters. The permanent shelter to be constructed by TNSCB 3272 units in Phase I areas and temporary shelter constructed will be 3636 Nos. for Phase I & Phase II areas and the beneficiaries identified is 2539 Nos. the remaining temporary shelters are to be provided to phase II area families. Around 1200 families have given the willingness to rental option to TNSCB.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

CRZ Consideration

1.16 The Government of India by its notification issued in 1991 has declared that coastal stretches of bays, estuaries, backwaters, seas, and creeks etc which are influenced by tidal actions (on the landward side) up to 500-m from the High Tide Line (HTL) and the land between the low tide line (LTL) and the High Tide Line (HTL) are coastal regulation zones. The Guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India has categorized the coastal zone into 4 categories and the proposed site for construction comes under the purview of CRZ-II, i.e., areas within the municipal limits. As per Para 6(2)-CRZ –II (I); of the regulation, buildings shall be permitted only in the landward side of the existing road in the approved coastal zone management plan of the area or on the landward side of the existing authorized structures. Since the project site falls within the landward side of the existing road, it can be inferred that the CRZ –II regulations are satisfied subject to approval by pertinent authorities.

Distribution of Land Use

Land-use distribution details for the site are presented in Table 1.1.

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Table 1.1: Land Use Pattern S. No Land Use Area (Ha) Percentage 1. Residential 9.89 66.10 2. Park and Greenery 1.28 8.56 3. Public Purpose 0.63 4.21 4. Commercial 0.45 3.01 5. Roads 2.71 18.12 Total 14.96 100.00 Source:TNSCB

EXISTING TENEMENTS AND NON TENEMENTS IN THE SCHEME AREAS UNDER PHASE I

1.17 The project envisages providing permanent shelters for beneficiaries residing in the existing 1,506 tenements constructed between 1970 and 1975 which are 2 or 3 storey buildings and 1,710 huts thereby totalling to 3,152 structures. The following table provides necessary details.

Table 1.2: Existing tenements in the scheme areas as well as Tsunami affected families Name of Existing Pattern of No of No. of S. Corp Tenement Area and Year of Extent existing Existing existing No. Tsunami affected Div. No. Constr. In Ha. development Tenements Huts habitats Nochikuppam & 1. 145 1971-1972 3.15 G+2 786 558 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam & 2. 146 1970-1971 2.79 G+2, G+3 584 401 Selvarajapuram 4. 150 Foreshore Estate 1970-1972 2.36 G+1 136 751 Total 14.51 1506 1,710 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-6- 2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

NEED FOR EIA

2.1 Environmental Impact Assessment of the project site has been performed as per study ToR requirements and as per applicable guidelines referred in the ToR towards identification of environmental impacts during relevant stages of the study and consequential preparation of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Prevailing Regulatory Framework for the Infrastructure Projects

A review of the Prevailing Regulatory Framework has been performed and its salient features are outlined below.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

2.2 Regulatory Framework – Environment: In India, the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is the primary legal handle devised by the Government of India to enforce the environmental laws in the country. This vital act has undergone revisions based on various public participation hearings and the consultation process. The EIA notification 2006 is one of the current governing legal tools in the Country enforcing the environmental safeguard requirements. There are certain mandatory and prescriptive environmental laws/ regulation in vogue in the country, which are highlighted below:

2.3 Mandatory: Mandatory environmental laws applicable to the proposed Fund financed projects would be both pollution and natural resource related. Pollution laws in the last decade impose strict controls over industrial and municipal operations. Despite participation by States and other bodies, the Government of India (GoI) continues to have the final say on all matters concerning natural resources, even with policies such as the National Forest Policy of 1988, which invites local participation. Following are some of the mandatory environmental laws applicable:

• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974: This law seeks to control pollution of water and enhance the quality of water. Under this law, generally it is mandatory to obtain consent for discharge of effluents from State Pollution Control Board. • Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981: This law addresses the prevention and control of air pollution. Consent of SPCB has to be obtained to be operated the facility in the air pollution control area. • Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977: This Act provides for levy and collection of a Cess by local authorities on water consumed by persons (ULB’s) or industries to augment resources for Pollution Control Boards. • Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: This law essentially links pollution and natural resource issues. It seeks to supplement existing laws on pollution control and also lays down standards for air quality and noise. The Govt in pursuance of its rule-making powers under the Act, has passed notifications regulating sifting of industry and operations.

A. Prescriptive: Constitutional Guarantees

a) Article 48-A of the Constitution: This directive principle states that the State shall endeavor to protect and improve the natural environment -7- b) Article 51-A of the Constitution: This fundamental duty states that it is the duty of every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment.

B. Environmental Rules

• Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 1990: This notification under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 supplements the law on site clearance by declaring certain zones as CRZ and regulates activities in these zones. • Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000: This notification was issued by the MoEF) of GoI, which lays down the methods of handling Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and its scientific disposal. It bans incineration of MSW. • Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989: This law addresses handling of hazardous substances that fall under specified schedules. Projects envisaged by the proposed Fund may not require handling of specified substances.

C. Policies Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

a) National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and Development, 1992. b) Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution, 1992.

D. Competent Regulatory Agencies

a) Pollution Control Boards: Based on environmental clearances/sitting guidelines, the SPCBS issues “consent to establish and consent to discharge” under pollution laws. b) State/Central Ministry of Environment and Forests: State/Central MoEF is responsible for issue of environmental clearances under EIA Notification, 2006. In respect of construction projects, State Govt is the authority for issue of environmental clearances. c) World Bank / Other Multilateral Agencies: The World Bank and other Multilateral Agencies would ensure compliance with their Operational Directives (OD) in case of projects funded by them and those needs to be complied with.

REVIEW OF POLICIES Synopsis of Select Environmental Laws and Regulations

2.4 This section is provided as a reminder that all activities under the proposed project must be consistent with all applicable laws, regulations, notifications that are judged to be relevant in the context of the rehabilitation and reconstruction effort. It is the responsibility of the Implementing Agency to ensure that project activities are consistent with the regulatory/legal framework, whether national, state or municipal/local. This section is not a legal opinion on the applicability of the law but serves as guidance in the application of the law to the current project context.

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS Water and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Acts

2.5 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCB) whose responsibilities include managing water and Air quality and monitoring the industrial and other activities causing pollution to water bodies, soil and atmosphere, prosecuting offenders and issuing consent for discharge of effluents. The SPCB is also empowered to set guidelines for monitoring. The SPCBS-8- empowers to prosecute offenders under the Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.

Relevance to the project (For housing)

2.6 All construction projects need to obtain the consent-to-establish and consent-to- operate for the facility and as well as for other supporting plants such as concrete batching, stone crushing etc – that they may erect for the purpose of construction activities. If existing plants are to be used, then these should have the required consents.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006

2.7 Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 is the umbrella legislation providing for the protection of environment in the country. This Act provides for the Environment (Protection) Rules. Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 1994, as revised during 2006 form a part of the regulations under this legislation.

Relevant to the project (For housing)

Certain type of urban housing projects may need environmental clearance from the State MoEF. These include those projects which exceeds the criteria given in table below.

Table 2.1: Building /Construction projects / Area Development projects and Townships #(BUILT UP AREA FOR COVERED BUILDING AND 20000 SQ.MTRS AND CONSTRUCTION; IN THE CASE OF 8(A) CONSTRUCTION <1,50,000 SQ.MTRS. OF BUILT-UP FACILITIES OPEN TO THE SKY, IT PROJECTS AREA# WILL BE THE ACTIVITY AREA ) Townships and Area Covering an area 50 ha and or built ++All projects under Item 8(b) shall be 8(b) Development up area 1,50,000 sq .mtrs ++ appraised as Category B1 projects.

Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Regulations, 1991 (amended upto 2002)

2.8 Issued under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, coastal stretches have been defined as Coastal Regulation Zone and restrictions have been imposed on industries, operations and processes within the CRZ. For regulating development activities, the coastal stretches within 500 metres of High Tide Line on the landward side are classified into four categories, namely:

• RZ-I: (i) Areas that are ecologically sensitive and important, such as national parks/marine parks, sanctuaries, reserve forests, wildlife habitats, mangroves, corals/coral reefs, areas close to breeding and spawning grounds of fish and other marine life, areas of outstanding natural beauty/historically/heritage areas, areas rich in genetic diversity, areas likely to be inundated due to rise in sea level consequent upon global warming and such other areas, and (ii) Area between Low Tide Line and the high Tide Line.

• RZ-II: The areas that have already been developed upto or close to the shoreline. For this purpose, "developed area" is referred to as that area within the municipal limits or in other legally designated urban areas which are already substantially built up and which have been provided with drainage and approach roads and other infrastructural facilities, such as water supply and sewerage mains. -9-

• RZ-III: Areas that are relatively undisturbed and those which do not belong to either CRZ-I or CRZ-II. These will include coastal zone in the rural areas (developed and undeveloped) and also areas within Municipal Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

limits or in other legally designated urban areas which are not substantially built up.

• RZ-IV: Coastal stretches in the Andaman & Nicobar, Lakshadweep and small islands, except those designated as CRZ-I, CRZ-II or CRZ-III. The development or construction activities in different categories of CRZ area shall be regulated by the concerned authorities at the State/Union Territory level, in accordance with norms stipulated in the CRZ regulation and in the state / UT coastal zone management plan.

Relevance to the project (For housing) • o new construction is permitted in CRZ-I areas that are ecologically sensitive.

• n CRZ-II areas, new buildings are permitted only on the landward side of the existing (or approved) road or authorized structures with relevance to CRZ guide line.

• n CRZ-III areas, no new construction shall permitted within 200m from the High Tide Line.

• n CRZ-III areas, construction or reconstruction of dwelling units between 200m and 500m is permitted only if it pertains to traditional / customary rights.

For fisheries: • No new construction is permitted in CRZ-I areas that are ecologically sensitive.

• In CRZ-II areas, new buildings are permitted only on the landward side of the existing (or approved) road or authorized structures.

• In CRZ-III, the following activities require clearance from the State Coastal Zone Management Authority: (i) Construction of boat jetties and fishing harbours - requires an EIA, (ii) boat building and repair and (iii) boat re-fuelling facilities.

For small works: • No new construction is permitted in CRZ-I areas that are ecologically sensitive. • Construction of public rain shelters, community toilets, bridges, roads and jetties are permitted in CRZ-I areas that are not ecologically sensitive and fall between the high and low tide line. But clearance is required from the State / UT Coastal Zone Management Authority. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• In CRZ-II areas, new small works are permitted only on the landward side of the existing (or approved) road or authorized structures with relevance to CRZ guide line. • In CRZ-III areas, construction of small public works such as public rain shelters, drainage, & roads and bridges is permitted with the permission of the State / UT Coastal Zone Management Authority. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -10- STATE- LEVEL LEGISLATION – TAMILNADU

Tamilnadu Groundwater (Development and Management) Bill, 2000

2.9 This bill is to protect groundwater resources, to provide safeguards against hazards of its over-exploitation and to ensure its planned development and management in the state of Tamilnadu and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The bill shall empower government through the Tamilnadu Groundwater Authority to develop, control, regulate and administer the groundwater in the state by ensuring its optimal and efficient utilization. This also provides for conjunctive use of surface and groundwater. This bill provides for registration of new users of wells and also prohibition of sinking wells in notified areas without permit. It shall empower the authority to penalize the activities not in accordance with the act regarded as offences.

Relevance to the project (For housing)

2.10 TN Groundwater Authority regulates the abstraction of groundwater. Line department / contractor should obtain clearances / permissions, if required, from this Authority prior to any abstraction of groundwater.

CMDA Development Regulations

2.11 CMDA Development Regulations is set with an objective to provide for planning the development and use of urban land in Chennai Metropolitan Development Area. The regulation provides guidelines for the preparation and implementation of Master Plans. The regulation ensures implementation through various developmental controls and policies that would be incorporated in the spatial plans. These plans form the basis for land use regulations within the planned area.

Relevance to the project (For housing)

2.12 All housing projects should be in compliance with the respective and existing development plans. Clearances / permissions should be taken from the CMDA prior to the construction of these housing projects. CMDA Regulations shall apply including the norms related to Floor Space Index (FSI) and Floor Area Ratio (FAR). Re-construction of the authorized buildings to be permitted subject to the existing FSI/FAR norms and without change in the existing use.

Synopsis of Select World Bank Safeguard Policies

2.13 This ESMF has been developed to support a due diligence process, to avoid causing harm or exacerbating social tensions, and to ensure consistent treatment of social and environmental issues across sectors of intervention. The ESMF should assist the Project Implementing Agencies in screening all the subprojects for social and environmental issues and/or impacts, in accordance with applicable laws regulations and the Bank’s safeguard policies, as summarized below.

2.14 OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment - Most of the proposed subprojects are likely to focus on the repair, rehabilitation, reconstruction and upgrading (where necessary) of damaged houses, buildings, roads, railways, bridges and infrastructure of critical importance. This would include, but not be limited to, Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

power generation and distribution, agricultural infrastructure, irrigation and drainage networks, water supply and distribution networks, sanitation facilities and rehabilitation of primary and secondary schools. Support will also be provided for mitigation measures related to reversing the adverse impacts of the tsunami on coastal eco systems and reef system. -11-

2.15 Considering the nature and magnitude of potential environmental impacts from relatively limited scale and magnitude of reconstruction works, the proposed operations are likely to be classified as category ‘B’. The requirement to carry out an Environmental Analysis as part of project preparation can be waived but, for subprojects with potential adverse impacts, a limited Environmental Analysis will be done during project implementation. At the same time, prior to appraisal the implementing agency will agree to apply the following minimum standards during implementation: inclusion of standard environmental codes of practice (ECoP) in the repair and reconstruction bid documents of all subprojects; review and oversight of any major reconstruction works by specialists; implementation of environmentally and socially sound options for disposal of debris; and provisions for adequate budget and satisfactory institutional arrangements for monitoring effective implementation.

2.16 OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement - The need for involuntary resettlement or land acquisition in specific subproject areas will only be known during project implementation, when site-specific plans are available. Therefore subprojects will be screened for applicability of the resettlement policy. In view of the emergency nature of the operations, IDA will, in applicable instances, require a draft resettlement plan for sub-projects prior to approval of corresponding sub-project. The approval of the resettlement plan is subject to approval by the IDA. Several issues will increase the complexity of land acquisition - the loss or destruction of ownership documents during the tsunami, the disappearance of physical markers of land boundaries and the huge death toll resulting in numerous inheritance issues involving vulnerable persons like widows and orphans. The safeguards framework will therefore include procedures for identifying eligible project-affected people, calculating and delivering compensation, mechanisms for land dispute grievance redress, and for protection of inheritance right of vulnerable groups.

2.17 OD 4.20 Indigenous Peoples - In the Indian context, the application of OD 4.20 is equated with the impacts to tribal population. It is unlikely that there are any tribal population in the disaster affected areas (13 costal districts of Tamilnadu) living in the disaster affected villages. However, the issue of ethnic and religious affiliation is a larger factor in considering the vulnerability. In light of the above situation, a potential vulnerability assessment of all affected groups is planned to ensure effective consultations and culturally appropriate benefits for each group, instead of focusing only on groups defined as “indigenous peoples”. As part of this analysis, subproject preparation will assess the vulnerability of different ethnic groups in particular project contexts (in terms of potential exclusion from project benefits, negative project impacts, and the need for specific culturally compatible mechanisms for participation), and will incorporate adequate measures to address such vulnerability in project design.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

2.18 OP 11.03 Cultural Properties - The emergency operation may pose limited risks of damaging cultural property, assuming that they will not include large-scale excavations, movement of earth or demolition. Furthermore, projects and subprojects will be reviewed for their potential impact on cultural property and clear procedures will be required for identification, protection of cultural property from theft, and treatment of discovered artefacts, and will be included in standard bidding documents. While not damaging cultural property, subproject preparation may later identify and include assistance for preservation of historic or archaeological sites. If these opportunities occur, cultural property management plans would be prepared for those subprojects.

2.19 OP 4.04 Natural Habitats - The reconstruction of housing is likely to require a large amount of land. The Project will not support sub-projects that involve conversion of critical natural habitats such as in Forest Reserves, Wildlife-12- Reserves, National Parks or Sanctuaries. Site selection criteria for new housing colonies, in both rural and urban areas, should therefore include appropriate provisions for safeguarding valuable natural habitats.

Table 2.2: Summary of clearances to be obtained Clearance to be Authority/Age S.No. Procedure Obtained ncy TNSCB to forward application to SPCB and DoE, GoTN. This application will be forwarded by SPCB to the District CRZ Clearance and State Level Committee following the comments by the 1. for CRZ-II MoEF, GoI committee and corrections carried, the application shall be Category forwarded to the MoEF, GoI by the committee. Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. The applicant has to file Form-1 and Form-1A along with the EIA report addressed to the Chairman, SEIAA. On State receipt of the EC, the application in the prescribed form for Environmental Environmental obtaining Consent under Water and Air Act has to be 2. Clearance (EC) Authority/DoE, made to the District O/o the SPCB. On completion of the GoTN construction, the consent to operate shall be obtained. Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. The applicant has filed an application in the prescribed form to the CMDA along with the detailed drawings of the project. On obtaining the installation license and completion of the project, the running license shall be 3. CMDA clearance CMDA obtained from the CMDA by making application to the CMDA. Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. The application has to be made to the CMWSSB in the Water Supply prescribed form to obtain the water supply connections. 4. CMWSSB Connection Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. The application has to be made to the Electricity Board in Electricity Electricity the prescribed form to obtain the electricity connections. 5. connection Board Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. The application has to be made to the CMWSSB in the Sewerage prescribed form to obtain the sewerage connections. 6. CMWSSB connection Necessary statutory fee has to be remitted as per the demand raised by the authority. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

The CoC has to be addressed for providing adequate community bins within the project area for temporary shelters as well as for permanent shelters, enclosing the Solid Waste layout plan Management Corporation of 7. and indicating the quantity of garbage likely to be (Provision of Chennai (CoC) generated. Community Bins) The layout plan should indicate space available at various locations for mounting the community bins and the access for the dumper placer vehicles to reach.

-13- PROJECT PROFILE Location & Access

2.20 The study area comprises the settlements of Nochikuppam, Dommingkuppam, Foreshore Estate, Selvarajapuram and Srinivasapuram. This area is under the jurisdiction of division No.6 of Corporation of Chennai. All these settlements are along the Coastal belt in Kamarajar Salai and Santhome High Road spread over a distance of 2.05 km. These settlements are located in the Survey numbers 7577, 7580 Pt, 7582 Pt, 7585 Pt, 7587 Pt, 7588 Pt, 7590, and 4593/34 in Mylapore Village, Triplicane – Mylapore Taluk, Chennai District. Project site is well connected through Kamarajar Salai and Santhome High road by the MTC buses to rest of the city and also it is located close to Triplicane and Mylapore MRTS railway stations. Notable landmarks near the project site are Santhome Church, Light House and Kapaleeswarar Temple. Area of the Site

The total area of the project site is 14.46 hectares with the width varying between 70 to 200 m. Area of each of the aforementioned settlements is listed in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: Area of Settlements & and its Extent

S.No Name of the Settlement Survey No Extent in Hectares

1 Nochikuppam and Nochi Nagar 7580 Pt & 7577 Pt 3.41 2 Dommingkuppam & Selvarajapuram 7585 & 7582 Pt 2.56 3 Foreshore Estate 7587 Pt & 7588 Pt 2.81 4 Srinivasapuram 7590 Pt & 4593 Pt 5.68 Total 14.46 Source: TNSCB Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Physical Boundaries

2.21 The Project site is located in Chennai and bound by Coastal Road, on East. In the west, Kamarajar Salai & Santhome High Road followed by Institutional and Residential areas forms the boundary. South by Adyar creek, and North by Marina Beach.

Topography

2.22 The project site falls under the geographical coordinates of 13°.00’ 57” N to 13°.01’26”N and 80°.16’19”E to 80°.16’41”E at 3.21mts above the Mean Sea Level. The project site and areas within 5 km radius is located on a flat terrain except the Bay of Bengal on the eastern side is about 200 meters from the eastern boundary of the site. Slope of the project area is sloped from North to South and West to East.

Climate

2.23 The climate is characterized by typical coastal climate with high humidity and annual average temperature in the range of 32 degree Celsius. The Project-14- site experiences rainfall in the Southwest and Northeast Monsoon seasons. The annual rainfall is in the range of 1,200 mm.

Demography

2.24 The project site holds approximately 11,155 families which includes encroachers in the settlements. Majority of the People residing in these settlements belong to Fisherman Communities. Their livelihoods and socio economic condition delineated their poverty and utter deprivation in the slums. Demographic profiles of tenements are shown in the Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Demographic Details of Settlements S. Demographic Nochikuppam Domming Selvarajapuram Foreshore Srinivasap Total No Parameters & Nochinagar Kuppam Estate uram Total 1. 7778 5088 517 6117 23236 42736 Population Total 2. 1344 1029 560 887 2761 6581 Households 3. Fisher Folk 80% 50% 50% 30% 40% 50%

4. Others 20% 50% 50% 70% 60% 50%

5. Literacy Rate 80% 50% 50% 50% 60% 60%

Environmental Status – Initial Environmental Evaluation (IEE)

2.25 The task of evaluating the environmental status involves the site reconnaissance and further examination of the environmental quality of the proposed project area. This task of initial environmental evaluation or examination was carried out by the study team in order to ascertain the existing environmental quality within the proposed project site.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

The project site is situated at a distance of about 200 m from Bay of Bengal on the east separated by the Beach road. Residential, Institutional and Commercial structures are found on the western side of the project site. The Light House and Marina Beach are located towards the northern side. Adyar Creek is situated on the southern side of the project site.

The ecological status of Adyar creek i.e. the flora and fauna of the creek has been assessed. The flora and flora identified has been provided in Annexure – I(c)

Air Quality

2.26 The site is located about 50 m from the Table 2.5: Air quality Details S. PARAMETE VALUE IN MICRO coastal road and the predominant source NO RS GMS / NM3 of air and noise pollution in the region is due to non-incidental vehicular traffic 1 SPM 45.72 diversion from the Kamarajar Salai - 2. RSPM 34.32 Santhome High Road stretch. The air 3. SO2 7.70 quality observations made at the 4. NOX 10.49 site is presented in the Table 2.5. Source: TNSCB, 2007

Noise Level

The noise level observation made at the site is shown in Table below.

-15- Table 2.6: Noise level Details S.NO LOCATION DAY AVERAGE NIGHT AVERAGE (DB(A)) (DB(A)) 1 Central area within the Site 56 49 2 Coastal Road Site 65 60 3 Residential Area 62 48 Source: TNSCB, 2007

CRZ Consideration

2.27 The existing project area is considered to be CRZ II as per the Coastal Zone Regulation Rules. The buildings are proposed to be reconstructed in this area to the west of the existing road in the approved Coastal Zone Management Plan of the area or on the land ward side of the existing authorized structures.

Procedure for Application for CRZ Clearance

2.28 TNSCB shall make an application for clearance under CRZ-II category to the SPCB and the Directorate of Environment, GoTN. This application shall be duly forwarded to the District and State Level Committee and pursuant to the comments of the committee the application will be forwarded to the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), GoI for the issue of clearance.

Existing Land use Distribution Table 2.7: Existing land use Breakup 2.29 The project site is spread over an S.NO LANDUSE AREA (H.A.) % TO TOTAL area of 14.46 ha. Residential use 1 Residential 9.89 68.40 2 Park 1.28 8.85 occupies a major share of 68% 3 Public Purpose 0.63 4.36 4 Commercial 0.45 3.11 5 Roads 2.21 15.28 Total 14.46 100.00 Source: TNSCB, 2007 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

(9.89 ha) followed by roads (15%) and Park (8%). Land use break-up is given in the Table 2.7.

Existing Infrastructure

2.30 Housing: The existing 2862 tenements in Phase I & Phase II are mostly 2 or 3 storied, at Marina between Light House and Srinivasapuram, located in different colonies viz. Nochikuppam, Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram and Foreshore Estate. The buildings were observed to be significantly damaged and felt as not fit for continued dwelling. The other settlements which were mostly huts were also damaged by the tsunami.

Table 2.8: Tenement Details Settlement wise S. Corp. Name of the Year of Extent No. Pattern of No. of Total No Division Settlement Const. in of Existing Tenemen Blocks . No. Hect. Huts Developme ts nt 1 145 Nochikuppam 1971-72 3.41 558 G + 2 786 52 2 146 Domming kuppam 1970-71 2.56 232 G + 2 492 24 3 146 Selvarajapuram 1975-76 163 G + 3 92 6 4 150 Foreshore Estate 1970-72 2.81 751 G + 1 136 17 5 150 Srinivasapuram 1971-72 5.68 1405 G+1,2,3 1356 68 14.46 3109 2862 Source: TNSCB, 2007

2.31 Water Supply: Water is supplied from CMWSSB for drinking, bathing and kitchen uses through public fountains. For external uses, water is supplied using bore wells and during summer season water is supplied through Lorries and Sintex tanks. -16-

2.32 Sewerage & Sanitation: In Nochikuppam and Nochinagar sewage is collected through the existing UGSS to a common collection well which is then pumped to the CMWSSB main sewer line at Mundakanni Amman Koil which is about 1 km from the settlement. In Selvarajapuram UGSS has been provided by the TNSCB and collected sewage is connected to the CMWSSB Sewer line. In Dommingkuppam UGSS has been provided by the TNSCB. From the collection well sewage is pumped to the Mandavelipakkam CMWSSB Main Sewer line. In Foreshore estate and Srinivasapuram, TNSCB has implemented the UGSS and collected sewage is pumped to the CMWSSB SPS located near Fore Shore Bus Stand.

2.33 Community Blocks with Bath rooms were provided in Encroached areas separately for men and. Woman. Sewage is treated through septic tanks and disposed through CMWSSB.

2.34 Solid Waste Management: In all the settlements garbage is collected on a daily basis by the Corporation of Chennai. Dust bins have been provided on the streets by Chennai Corporation for MSW collection.

2.35 Roads: In Nochikuppam and Nochinagar about 1.5 km length of BT road has been provided by Corporation of Chennai. Also this slum has 500 meters concrete road. In Dommingkuppam 300m of service road and 120m internal road are of BT surface. Selvarajapuram has 200m length cement roads. In Fore Shore Estate, 360m main road and 60m cross roads are paved with BT surface. In Srinivasapuram Coastal roads made of BT surface to a length of 600m main road and 1600m local roads are provided. No internal road facilities have been provided for slum dwellers living in the encroached areas. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

2.36 Street lights: Street Lights have been provided in all the settlements by the TNSCB. In Nochikuppam and Nochinagar 26 double tube lights are installed, 12 nos. in Domming Kuppam, 3 nos. in Selvarajapuram, 7 nos. in Foreshore Estate and 53 Sodium Lamps in Srinivasapuram.

Other Amenities: 2.37 Other amenities such as community halls, anganwadies, firefighting, police station etc are available. The following table provides details on the other amenities available for each village in the project area:

S. NOCHIKUPPAM & DOMMING KUPPAM & AMENITIES FORE SHORE ESTATE NO. NOCHINAGAR SELVARAJAPURAM 1 Community Hall 1 -- 1 2. Public Toilet 1 -- -- 3 Anganwadies 1 4 2 4 Play Ground 1 1 1 5 School ------6 Library ------7 Health Center -- 1 1 Marketing Center 8 1 1 1 – Fish market 9 shops 53 26 20 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -17-

S. NOCHIKUPPAM & DOMMING KUPPAM & FORE SHORE ESTATE AMENITIES NO. NOCHINAGAR SELVARAJAPURAM Self Help Group 10 -- 1 Center 11 Temple 4 2 3 12 Church 1 1 1 13 Mosque -- 1 -- 14 Fire Fighting 1 -- -- 15 Police Station 1 -- -- 16 Ration Shop -- -- 1

BASELINE ASSESSMENT– ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

Introduction

Environment Aspects

2.38 In order to ascertain the prevailing environmental conditions of Land, Water, Air, Noise, Flora and Fauna within the project site and surrounding areas, the project area has been monitored for one season (non-monsoon) and in the process, samples of soil, ground water, surface water and air etc. has been collected and analyzed. Results of the reference sample could be envisaged as the baseline to study the adverse (potential) impacts due to the various proposed project activities and to prepare suitable Environment Management Plan. The following tasks have been performed in accordance with ToR requirements:

Review of Legislations

2.39 The Consultant has reviewed all MoEF, State level and local level legislative requirements in order to assess their applicability to the proposed project. Applicable CRZ rules and the notification requiring environmental impact assessment for large urban housing projects have been reviewed. The Consultant has identified the obligations and responsibilities of the client, contractor and others involved vis-à-vis the requirements.

Data Collection

2.40 The Consultant has collected baseline data / information from both primary and secondary sources. The information / data includes climate, topography characteristics with focus on water-logging), drainage, soil characteristics, green cover (trees), air quality, noise levels, water quality, water availability, sanitation and waste management practices, source and availability of construction material, and road access to the proposed site.

Field Studies

2.41 The Consultant has conducted the Ambient Air quality survey on the site and its periphery for a period of one (1) season covering various parameters as per the requirement. Water and Soil samples on the site as well as surroundings has also been collected and analyzed. Field study also includes existing traffic pattern and density.

-18- Areas of Focus: Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Under the base line survey and data collections following entities have been covered.

Land Environment

• Details of the existing landuse. • Maps of (i) site location, (ii) surrounding features of the proposed site (within 500 meters) and (iii) the site (indicating levels & contours) to appropriate scales. • Utilities such as water supply mains, public fountains, water storage facility. • Sewerage provisions such as underground sewerage network (collection well, pump house). • Details of temporary garbage storage facility and its location. • Major project requirements in terms of the land area, built up area, water consumption, power requirement, connectivity, community facilities, parking needs etc. • Existing facilities adjacent to the proposed site. (Such as open spaces, community facilities, details of the existing landuse, disturbance to the local ecology). • Details of soil type and its characteristics. • Vulnerability to subsidence, seismic activity for the project site. • Contour maps showing the natural drainage near the proposed project site. • Details regarding water supply, waste handling etc during the construction period. • Debris & waste handling during construction phase.

Water Environment

• Details of source of water • Quality of water • Yield capacity of the source of water if drawn from bore wells/open wells. • Quality of water required, in case, the supply is not from a municipal source. • Potential for recycling of treated wastewater. • Incremental pollution load from wastewater generated from the proposed activity.

Air Environment

• Ambient Air Quality levels at the site and its environs. • Details of the present level of traffic and measures for traffic management at the project site. • Details of the movement patterns with internal roads, bicycle tracks, pedestrian pathways, footpaths etc., with areas under each category. • Ambient Noise levels at the site and its environs.

Aesthetics

• Local considerations of urban form & urban design influencing the design criteria.

-19- Socio-Economic Aspects Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Changes to the demographic structure of local population. • Details of the existing social infrastructure around the proposed project. • Safeguards proposed to abate adverse effects on local communities, disturbance to sacred sites or other cultural values.

Building Materials

• Details of energy conservation measures in the selection of building materials and their energy efficiency. . • Details of Transport and handling of materials during construction phase. . • Details of recycled materials used in roads and structures and the extent of savings achieved. . • Details of the methods of collection, segregation & disposal of the garbage generated during the construction phase and operation phases of the project.

Energy Conservation

• Details of the power requirements, source of supply, backup source etc. Details of energy consumption assumed per square foot of built-up area and steps taken to minimize energy consumption. • Capacity of power back-up proposed to provide. • Characteristics of the glass proposed to use and its specifications related to both short wave and long wave radiation. • Details of passive solar architectural features in the proposed project. • Solar energy devices proposed for the street lighting, emergency lighting etc. • Is shading effectively used to reduce cooling/heating loads? What principles have been used to maximize the shading of Walls on the East and the West and the Roof? How much energy saving has been effected? • Principles used to maximize the energy saving. • Thermal characteristics of the building envelope covers the following (a) roof; (b) external walls; and (c) fenestration. • Details of the material used and the U values or the R values of the individual components. • Precautions & safety measures proposed against fire hazards and details of emergency plans. • Details of the renewable energy technologies proposed.

Scope

2.42 The scope of the study includes detailed characterization of the environmental status in and around the project site. It is necessary to know the present quality of the environment with respect to the various aspects considered under impact identification. These factors include air, water, noise, soil and flora & fauna. For this purpose, a monitoring schedule covering one season was chalked to generate baseline data on ambient air quality, ground / marine water quality, soil, ambient noise and meteorological parameters like temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, rainfall etc. On consideration of meteorology, project area and likely impact area, the following six sampling stations (Refer Figure 1.) were selected:

-20- ƒ Srinivasapuram Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ƒ Domming kuppam ƒ Nochinagar ƒ Ekambaram Street, Mylapore ƒ TNSCB Building ƒ Chitrakulam, Mylapore

Baseline Survey – Sampling Locations DETAILS OF THE BASE LINE STUDY

Micrometeorology

2.43 As a part of this study, meteorology parameters were recorded by installing Weather monitoring station in Srinivasapuram to collect data on wind velocity; wind direction, ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded along with rainfall data throughout the monitoring period.

Ambient Air Quality

Based on the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQ) the following parameters were identified:

ƒ Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) ƒ Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM)

ƒ Sulfur-di-oxide (SO2)

ƒ Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) ƒ Carbon Monoxide (CO) and ƒ Lead (Pb)

The sampling stations and the respective station codes are tabulated in table 1.0 in Station A5 – TNSCB Building Annexure - I.

Water Quality

2.44 The water quality parameters (table 2.0 of Annexure - I) were recognized on the basis of Indian Standard Specifications for drinking water quality IS- 10500/BIS/APHA:

-21- The samplingStation W2 stations– Srinivasapuram and the respective station codesStation are W4tabulated – Dommingkuppam in the table 3.0 of Annexure - I: Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Marine Water Quality

2.45 Keeping in view of water-spread area, marine water quality monitoring stations were identified to ascertain the present status of Marine water quality. The parameters presented in table 4.0 of Annexure - I was recognized on the basis of standard procedures.

The marine water quality monitoring stations have been presented in table 5.0 of Annexure - I.

Soil Quality

2.46 Soil samples were collected from six identified locations to assess the soil quality in the prevailing study area which has been tabulated in table 6.0 of Annexure - I.

The soil quality parameters identified for soil quality assessment have been tabulated in table 7.0 of Annexure - I:

Noise Quality Station S5 – Nochinagar

2.47 Ambient Noise level measurements across all directions have been carried out using data logging integrated sound level meter (Cygnet 2001) with windscreen during day and night time.

Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements have been recorded. The day time noise levels have been monitored during 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. and night time noise level during 9 p.m. to 6 a.m.

The ambient noise level monitoring stations are presented in table 8.0 of Annexure - I.

Floral Assessment

2.48 Flora assessment was undertaken in a physiographic configuration of the project site encompassed with coastal system. The other buffer zones consist of terrestrial flora, which are also dominated by domesticated plants and only one scrub jungle has been included in the study since it is within 10 km radius. Biological assessment was carried out in the following stations:

1. Srinivasapuram 2. Foreshore Estate 3. Dommingkuppam 4. Nochikuppam 5. Light House 6. University Campus

The parameters identified for the assessment are as follows: -22- 1. Trees 2. Herbs 3. Medicinal Herbs Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4. Climbing Herb 5. Climbing Medicinal Herb 6. Exotic Invasive Weeds 7. Shrubs 8. Medicinal Shrubs 9. Exotic Shrubs 10. Ornamental Shrubs 11. Dominant Plants 12. Species of Rare Occurrence

BASELINE PARAMETERS SAMPLE COLLECTION PROCEDURES

Micrometeorology

2.49 As a part of this study, meteorology parameters were recorded by installing Weather monitoring station in Srinivasapuram to collect data on wind velocity; wind direction, ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded along with rainfall data throughout the monitoring period. Wind velocity and wind direction were recorded using cup anemometer and wind vane respectively. Ambient temperature was noted by wet and dry bulb thermometer. Relative humidity was measured by using hygrometer. An Aneroid barometer was used for measuring atmospheric pressure and a self-recording rain gauge was used for rainfall data collection. Cloud cover data was collected by visual inspection.

Ambient Air Quality

2.50 The parameters chosen for air quality study are Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Lead (Pb).

RPM, SPM & LEAD Calibrated Respirable Dust Sampler is used with Whatman GF/A micro fibre filter paper for the determination of RPM. RPM is a measure of particulate matter having size less than 10 microns. The dust particles having size greater than 10 microns are being collected in the cyclone and measured. This along with RPM value gives TSPM. The lead content in the TSPM is measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after digesting the suspended materials in concentrated acid.

SO2: MODIFIED WEST-GAEKE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD Sulphur dioxide is collected in a scrubbing solution of sodium tetrachloro-mercurate and is allowed to react with HCHO and then with para-rosaniline hydrochloride. The absorbance of the product red-violet dye is measured using digital spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560 nm (IS: 5182 Part II, 1969).

NOX: JACOB AND HOCHEISER MODIFIED METHOD Nitrogen oxides as nitrogen dioxide are collected by bubbling air through sodium hydroxide solution to form a stable solution of sodium nitrite. The nitrite ion produced during sampling is determined using digital spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540mm by reacted the exposed absorbing reagent with phosphoric acid, sulfanilamide and N (1-naphthyl) ethylamine dihydrochloride (IS: 5182 Part IV, 1975). -23- CO (CARBON – MONOXIDE): GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Air samples were collected in bladders by using pulse pumps and analyzed through Gas Chromatography for CO and reported in ppm. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

NOISE LEVELS

2.51 Ambient Noise level measurements in four Co-ordinal directions are carried out using Data logging integrated sound level meter (Cygnet 2001) with windscreen during daytime and night time. Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements are taken at all locations, 1 minute per hour for 24 hours. The daytime noise levels are monitored during 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. and night time noise levels during 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. For Noise levels measured over a given period of time interval, it is possible to describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of the time certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is necessary because sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of time.

Leq is calculated by the following formula:

(L10 - L90)2 Leq (hrly) = L50 + ------60

L10 is the noise level exceeded 10 percent of the time; L50 is the noise level exceeded 50 percent of the time; and L90 is the noise level exceeded 90 percent of the time.

Water Quality

2.52 Water samples from various sources () were collected and analyzed as per procedures outlined in IS -10500/BIS/APHA. Sterilized bottles were used for collection of water sample for bacteriological analysis, stored in icebox and transported to the laboratory for the analysis. Parameters like pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, other physicochemical parameters, Heavy metals and other parameters like phenolics, pesticides were analyzed our Laboratory as per standard methods.

Marine Water Quality

2.53 Keeping in view of water-spread area, marine water quality monitoring stations were identified to ascertain the present status of marine water quality. Marine water samples were collected at the surface (at 0.30 M) analyzed for physico – chemical, bacteriological parameters as per standard procedures.

Data Presentation

Meteorology status

2.54 Data of wind velocity, wind direction, ambient temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover, atmospheric pressure and rainfall were recorded at hourly intervals for 24-24 hours- during one season. The abstract of meteorology data is given in Table 9.0. of Annexure- I(a) and windrose diagram is shown in Fig.2.0.

Meteorological data collected during the study reveal the following status:

ƒ Wind Direction: Predominant wind direction was from North Northeast (NNE) quadrant. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ƒ Wind speed: Wind velocity readings were ranging from 1.1 Kmph to 23.5 Kmph. ƒ Temperature: Temperature values were ranging from 23.0 to 36.0 °C. ƒ Relative Humidity: The relative humidity values were in the range of 41 to 96.0%. ƒ Rainfall: A total rainfall of 3.5mm was recorded during the study period.

Fig. 2 Windrose Location: Srinivasapuram

-25- Ambient air quality status

The ambient air quality monitoring stations is given in Table 1.0 of Annexure - I and ambient air quality status is given in Table 10.0 of Annexure - I.

DATA ANALYSIS Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Srinivasapuram (A1) 2.55 24- Hourly SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 98 -118 µg/ m3 and 41 3 3 - 46 µg/ m respectively. 8 - hourly. SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 8.0 – 13.9 µg/ m and 12.6 – 19.2 µg/ m3. CO & Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 3 m /

g 250 m 200 NAAQ STANDARD (CPCB) for Residential and Rural Area n i

n 150 o i

t 100 a r t 50 n e

c 0 n

o Srinivasapuram Dumming Kuppam Nochi Nagar Ekambaram Employment Chitrakulam, C street, Mylapore office, Slum board Mylapore building

SPM Min SPM Max 114.5 µg/ m3, 0.01 µg/ m3 respectively.

Domming Kuppam (A2)

2.56 24- hourly. SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 122-148 µg/ m3 and 3 61-67 µg/ m respectively. 8 – hourly. SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 8.6 –12.2 µg/ m3 and 14.3 – 19.3 µg/ m3. CO & Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 114.5 µg/ m3, 0.01 µg/ m3 respectively.

120 NAAQ STANDARD (CPCB) for Residential and Rural Area 100

80

60

40

20 C o

n 0 c e n Srinivasapuram Dumming Nochi Nagar Ekambaram Employment Chitrakulam, t r a

t Kuppam street, Mylapore office, Slum Mylapore i o

n RPM Min RPM Max board building i n m g / m

3 Nochi Nagar (A3)

2.57 24- hourly. SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 120 – 153 µg/ m3and 63 3 3 -73 µg/m respectively. 8-hourly SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 8.1 – 13.6 µg/ m and 12.0 – 18.8 µg/m3. CO & Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 114.5 µg/m3, 0.01 µg/m3respectively.

-26- Ekambaram Street, Mylapore (A4)

2.58 24-hourly SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 147 – 168 µg/ m3and 69 - 78 µg/ m3respectively. 8-hrly SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 9.5 – 13.3 µg/ m3and Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

11.5 – 16.7 µg/ m3. CO & Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 114.5 µg/ m3, 0.01 µg/ m3respectively.

TNSCB Building (A5)

2.59 24- Hourly SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 183 – 216 µg/ m3 and 87 3 3 - 98 µg/ m respectively. SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 10.4 – 14.6 µg/ m and 18.7 – 26.2 µg/ m3. CO & Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 114.5 µg/

NAAQ STANDARD (CPCB) for Residential and Rural Area 80

70 3 m /

m 60 m n i 50 n o i t 40 a r t n

e 30 c n o

C 20

10 Srinivasapuram Dumming Kuppam Nochi Nagar Ekambaram street, Employment office, Chitrakulam, Mylapore Slum board building Mylapore NOx Min NOx Max m3, 0.01 µg/ m3 respectively.

Chitrakulam, Mylapore (A6)

2.60 24- Hourly SPM & RPM values were found to be in the range of 88 – 105 µg/ m3and 40 3 3 - 48 µg/ m respectively. SO2 & NOx values are ranging from 7.0 – 9.8 µg/ m and 8.6 – 13.2 µg/ m3. CO, Pb values were found to be below the detectable limit of 114.5 µg/ m3, 0.01 µg/ m3 respectively.

Summary

2.61 All SPM, RPM, SO2 & NOx, CO & Pb values are found to be well within the CPCB limits of 200 µg/ m3, 100 µg/ m3, 80 µg/ m3, 80 µg/ m3, 2000 µg/ m3 and 1.0 µg/ m3 respectively for Residential and rural area. The SPM values in TNSCB Building were found to be exceeding the CPCB limit and it is due to heavy vehicular movement around the area.

Noise status

2.62 As part of the occupational health and safety measures certain safeguards have been incorporated to mitigate noise pollution in working environments. Noise can be considered as a part of any major activity. Noise beyond prescribed limit causes adverse effect to the human beings. Noise, beyond limits, interferes within the work spot, apart from annoyance and health hazard. Impact of noise on the environment depends on a number of factors such as intensity, distance from source, time of exposure and nature (impulse or continuous).

-27- Data Presentation Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

2.63 The ambient noise level monitoring stations are given in table 8.0 of Annexure - I. The Noise quality of different stations has been explained under the following heads:

Srinivasapuram (N1) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 56.9 dB (A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 48.6 dB (A).

Domming Kuppam (N2) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 59.7 dB (A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 51.5 dB (A).

Nochi Nagar (N3) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 58.9 dB (A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 52.8 dB (A).

Ekambaram Street, Mylapore (N4) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 63.3 dB(A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 56.2 dB(A).

TNSCB Building (N5) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 66.2 dB (A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 58.4 dB (A).

Chitrakulam, Mylapore (N6) The Daytime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 62.2 dB (A) and Nighttime Leq Noise level recorded at this location 51.7 dB (A).

Noise level Status 2.64 Daily Leq noise levels are ranging from 56.9 dB (A) to 66.2 dB (A) and 48.6 dB (A) to 58.4 dB (A) during Day time and Night time respectively. At all locations, Leq noise levels are found to be well within the limits of CPCB except at N4 & N5 and this is due to vehicular movement.

Water quality status 2.65 Any adverse impact or pollution consequences of water will have serious effect in the environment. Hence, it becomes important to assess the water quality. Accordingly, to assess the water quality 3 locations were identified and water samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical, chemical and heavy metal parameters. Bacterial examination was also carried out to find out the faecal contamination (if any) at water sources.

Data Presentation 2.66 The water quality monitoring stations is given in Table 3.0 of Annexure - I. The water quality data are given in Table 20.0 of Annexure - I. -28-

Bore well, Srinivasapuram (W1) Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

2.67 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.80. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 5569 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 250 mg/l and 2714 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to be 0.18 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be within IS: 10500 norms for drinking water standards.

Hand pump, Srinivasapuram (W2)

2.68 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.67. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 948 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 77 mg/l and 234 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to be 0.04 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides, and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be within IS: 10500 norms for drinking water standards.

Drinking water Foreshore estate (W3)

2.69 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.69. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 303 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 23 mg/l and 52 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 0.66 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Bore well Domming Kuppam (W4)

2.70 At this location, pH values were found to be 8.07. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 1069 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 90 mg/l and 300 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 0.16 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Open well, Nochi Nagar (W5)

2.71 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.72. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 1288 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 102 mg/l and 328 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 0.11 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Hand pump Ekambaram Street, Mylapore (W6)

2.72 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.52. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 2448 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 560 mg/l and 426 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 0.19 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -29- parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Bore well Employment office (W7)

2.73 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.10. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 27164 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 1752 mg/l and 14413 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 1.49 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Bore well, near Mandhaveli Bus Depot (W8)

2.74 At this location, pH values were found to be 7.43. Total Dissolved Solids was found to be 339 mg/l. Sulphates and Chlorides values were found to be 90 mg/l and 300 mg/l respectively. Iron was found to 0.11 mg/l. Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values were found to be below the detection limits. All parameters were found to be well within IS: 10500 -1991 norms for drinking water standards.

Marine Water quality status

2.75 Pollution of marine coastal areas with sewage, effluents and waste for the hinterland and from vessels is an important problem associated with sustainable development, growth of coastal towns and navigational activities. Such pollution is to be prevented to preserve the quality of marine coastal waters for bathing and recreation, propagation of fish and other marine life, salt manufacture, boating and aesthetic enjoyment. Thus, it becomes important to assess the marine water quality. Accordingly, to assess the marine water quality, 3 locations are identified and marine water samples were collected and analyzed for physio-chemical and heavy metal parameters. Bacterial examination was carried out to find out the faecal contamination at water sources.

Data Presentation

2.76 The locations of Marine water quality monitoring stations are furnished in the Table 22.0 of Annexure - I and the Marine Water Quality has been detailed in table 23.0 of Annexure - I.

Srinivasapuram (MW1)

2.77 At this location, pH values were found to be 8.17. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was found to be 4 mg/l. At these locations, Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values (except Zinc and Iron) were found to be below the detection limits. Total Coli forms to be a maximum extent of 1300 MPN/100 ml were monitored at these locations. -30- Domming Kuppam (MW2)

2.78 At this location, pH values were found to be 8.24. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was found to be 3 mg/l. At these locations, Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Total Coli forms to be a maximum extent of 1600 MPN/100 ml were monitored at these locations.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Nochi Kuppam (MW3)

2.79 At this location, pH values were found to be 8.15. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was found to be 3 mg/l. At these locations, Oil and Grease, Phenolic Compounds, Cyanides, Sulphides and Insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values (except Zinc and Iron) were found to be below the detection limits. Total Coli forms to be a maximum extent of 1500 MPN/100 ml were monitored at these locations.

Soil Quality

2.80 Soil samples were collected from six identified locations (Table 24.0 of Annexure - I) to assess the soil quality in the prevailing study area. The soil quality data has been presented in Table 25.0 of Annexure - I.

METHODOLOGY

2.81 The samples were collected and preserved in polythene bags having lock facility. These samples were analyzed for pH, conductivity, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium, Metals (Cu, Zn, Na and Nickel).

Selected Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed for describing the baseline status of soil environment and assessing the impacts. In view of the proximity of site the soil sampling was done at 60 cm depth in the study area.

Data Analysis

The pH of the samples ranges between 8.2 and 8.6. The Textural Class of the soil is found to be SILTY CLAY. Copper, Zinc, Arsenic, Lead, Cyanide and Nickel are found to be less than detectable limit. In general soil will support vegetation.

Floral Assessment

2.82 Physiographic configuration of the project site comprises that of a coastal system. The coastal ecosystems comprise the sandy beaches that form a narrow strip all along the coast that is occupied by dense population. Even though the project site and few of the buffer zones are situated in and along the coast, which consist of very sparse vegetation of seashore plants due to the colonization of dense population at these sites and hence the flora of these regions were human interrupted, majority of which are domesticated plants. But still these sites shows their authenticity by possessing a small fraction of annuals and biannual of the native coastal plants in association with the domesticated plants.

2.83 The other buffer zones consist of terrestrial flora, which are also dominated by domesticated plants and only one scrub jungle has been included in the study since it is with in 10 km radius. Scrub jungle of the buffer zone harbors all kinds of common plants and the plants are ranging from small herbs to medium sized trees. Most of the plants found in the site and surrounding areas are very common to this kind of habitat and a few plants were observed as less abundant (rare). No endangered floral and faunal species has been recorded. The observations are tabulated in tables 26.0 and -3127.0- of Annexure - I. The flora of Adyar creek has also been assessed which includes species of ecological importance such as herbs, shrubs and trees, grass etc. The list of flora present in the creek is given in Annexure I(c).

Faunal Assessment Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

The faunal assessment for the project area has recorded no ecologically sensitive species. The assessment of fauna of Adyar creek has revealed the presence of species of birds, amphibians, mammals, reptiles and fish. The list of fauna found in Adyar creek is presented in Annexure I (c).

The migratory season of the special birds and amphibians have been found to be between December to February (Winter) and April to June (Summer). Therefore, the construction of blocks close to the Adyar Creek may be taken up during July to November (after the onset of migration season and completed before the forthcoming season) in order to abate adverse impacts on the migratory and amphibians. During demolition of existing structures, the temporary storage of debris etc. on the boundary of the creek shall be avoided. Installation of sanitary facilities during the construction phase and allotment of space for the shops during the operation phase shall not be provided at locations bordering the creek.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Introduction 2.84 An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the likely influence a project may have on the environment and the baseline for recommending management and mitigation measures. “Environmental Impact Assessment can be defined as the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made”. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision-makers consider environmental impacts before deciding whether to proceed with new projects. The following list of tasks has been performed by the consultant: • Ensuring that the methodology / approach in undertaking the Environmental Assessment and in producing the various reports are consistent with the requirements of World Bank Operational Policies in general and OP 4.01 in particular. • Identifying the project’s potential impacts relating to various environmental components – air, water, noise, land, human health and safety. The Consultant has covered project’s impact in the pre-construction, construction and operational phases and also addressed both direct and induced impacts. The impacts include (a) pre-construction impacts such as storage and disposal of debris material generated during the demolition of existing tenements, (b) construction-related onsite impacts such as noise and air pollution, similar impacts during the transportation of construction material (including the large earthwork required), and (c) the generation & disposal of sewerage during the operation phase, and the generation & disposal of garbage during the operation phase. • Identifying remedial (prevention, mitigation and compensation) measures that are commensurate to the nature, scale and potential of the project impacts related to the temporary shelters as well as the permanent shelters. • In doing this EA, the Consultant has studied the infrastructures proposed in the housing project and assesses the environmental implications based on the data, design and drawing provided by the TNSCB. • Review of public suggestions (particularly those from the neighboring colony & associated NGOs) for enhancement measures with respect to environmental management activities.Review of the monitoring mechanisms for the environmental components of the project. Monitoring mechanisms need to be established for pre- -32-

construction, construction and operational phases of both the temporary and permanent shelters.

AREAS OF FOCUS

Under the Impact Assessment, following entities have been covered. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Land Environment • Likely Impacts of the proposed activity on the existing facilities adjacent to the proposed site (Such as open spaces, community facilities, details of the existing landuse, disturbance to the local ecology). • Any significant land disturbance resulting in erosion, subsidence & instability due to the proposed project. . • Impacts on natural drainage systems. • Impacts due to handling and storage of construction debris & waste during construction phase and operation phase.

Water Environment • Impact on the ground water. • Impacts of the project on other existing uses. • Impact due to the incremental pollution load from waste water generated from proposed activity. • Impact of landuse changes occurring due to the proposed project on the run- off characteristics of the area in the post-construction phase on long term basis and subsequent problems of flooding and water logging. • Impacts due to the run-off construction activities polluting land and aquifers. • Impact due to the discharge of sewage and solid waste during construction phase and operation phase.

Air Environment • Impact on generation of dust and noise during the construction phase in relation to all the Meteorological parameters.

Aesthetics

• Obstruction of View scenic amenity or landscapes due to the proposed project. • Adverse impacts from new construction on the existing structures.

Socio-Economic Aspects • Impact due to the changes to the demographic structure of local population. • Impact due to the increased tenements. • Impacts on the existing social infrastructure around the proposed project. • Impacts on local communities, disturbances to sacred sites or other cultural values.

Building Materials • Impacts on the transportation and handling of building material during construction phase.

-33- COMMUNITY AND STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Consultations performed: Public Consultation for Construction of Temporary Shelters:

2.85 Public Consultation for the identifying the requirements of project beneficiaries with reference to temporary shelters was taken up by the CCI study team on 18.09.07. This consultation focused on the requirements (plinth area, water and sanitary requirements, lighting, road facilities, etc.) and grievances of project beneficiaries with their relocation to temporary shelters proposed to be constructed at six identified locations in the project area. The list of attendees and the photos of the consultation are presented in Annexure – II.

Consultation with Beneficiaries of Marina Housing Project Regarding Consent for Type Design and Willingness to Shift:

2.86 Under the World Bank funded Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project (ETRP), Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board has proposed to construct tenements with infrastructure for the Tsunami affected families after demolishing the existing dilapidated tenements located from Nochikuppam to Srinivasapuram in the vicinity of Marina Beach at Chennai referred to as “Marina Housing Project”.

During the state level “Steering Committee Meeting” held on 23.02.2008 at 11.00 am, it was directed that the project could be implemented in a phased manner in 3 or 4 phases as there is continued resistance from the local people in certain areas within the project site.

2.87 The consent of the beneficiaries has to be obtained regarding acceptance for Type Design and their willingness to shift to the new tenements once they are completed. Accordingly a meeting for consultation with the beneficiaries of two villages (viz) Nochikuppam and Nochinagar was held at the Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board office on 20.06.2008 at 4.00 p.m. Beneficiaries of the two villages were informed well in advance about the meeting and were requested to be present to share their views. The beneficiaries participated in an active manner in the consultation. Annexure – III (b) contains the list of beneficiaries and their willingness to the Type Design and consent to shift to the new tenements at Marina Beach.

The meeting was used as an opportunity to explain to the beneficiaries about the site layout, the Type Design including plan of single unit, interior and exterior views of proposed unit and details of existing and proposed tenements.

A copy of the presentation made to the beneficiary community is also enclosed as Annexure III (a).

Issues raised with reference to Public Consultation for Construction of Temporary Shelters

Plinth Area: The plinth area of 3*3 meters of temporary shelters designed by TNSCB was evinced as inadequate. -34- Toilet and Bath Room Facilities: A toilet seat per 20 houses is proposed. Existing washrooms and toilets may be renovated and additional bathrooms/ toilets wherever necessary may be constructed.

Light Facilities: One or two street lights per street would be the adequate. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Road Facilities: Existing facilities in and around in the sites are found to be satisfactory.

Water Supply, Sewerage and Sanitation System: As for this provision, the beneficiaries do not have any specific ideas and they felt that the arrangements by TNSCB would be acceptable.

The attendees list and photos of these consultations are furnished in Annexure II

Issues raised with reference to Consultation with Beneficiaries of Marina Housing Project Regarding Consent for Type Design and Willingness to Shift

2.88 Plinth Area: The participants appreciated the Type Design but they felt that the plinth area was lower than that of their present houses. It was explained that the plinth area of the proposed tenements was 310 sq.ft. and it was much higher than the tenements in which they were living.

2.89 Bath and Toilet Facilities: The participants wanted to know if each house had a separate bath room and toilet. It was explained that each house had a separate Toilet and Bath room. The beneficiaries were happy that each flat had a balcony so that they can have the view of the sea.

2.90 Maintenance of Tenements: The participants wanted to know who would maintain the tenements. It was informed that the beneficiaries should form an association among themselves which would be incharge of maintenance of the tenements.

2.91 Alternate accommodation during construction Period: As regard to alternate accommodation during the construction period, the beneficiaries were informed that temporary shelter will be constructed with an area of 9 Sq.m. The participants felt that this area was not sufficient. They were explained about the space constraint for temporary shelters. The beneficiaries accepted this and expressed their willingness to move to the temporary shelters

2.92 Also the beneficiaries who were willing to stay outside during the construction period can do so and they will be paid a monthly rent of Rs.1000/- per month for the construction period. The beneficiaries did not accept to the third option of shifting to the rehabilitation site at Okkiyum Thoraipakkam.

2.93 Community facilities to be provided: The proposed tenement area has provision for community facilities (viz) Library, Ration Shop, Community Hall, Nursery School, Society office, Vocational Training Centre and space for weaving fishing net. The participants expressed their satisfaction at the community facilities provided.

2.94 Early completion of Tenement Construction: The participants requested that the construction work should be completed at the earliest and they were informed-35- that construction of tenements would be commenced early and the allotment would be made in 22 months.

Consent to Shift: All the participants expressed their satisfaction with regards to the details of the tenements and also gave their consent to shift to temporary shelter / other areas during the construction period. Also they expressed their willingness to return to the new tenements once the constructions of new houses are completed. Copies of the consent obtained from the beneficiaries of Nochikuppam and Nochi Nagar schemes are enclosed as Annexure - III. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

CONCLUSION

2.95 The meeting concluded with a request from the beneficiary community that the construction of temporary shelters may be taken up immediately and construction of tenements should be expedited.

Impact Analysis and Mitigation Measures

Positive Impacts of the project

2.96 This housing reconstruction project would improve the existing living condition of the communities living in the project area; enhance their livelihood by bringing in more employment opportunities. (i.e. engaging the people in better jobs through many training programs by way of capacity building initiatives envisaged as a major component). This reconstruction project also envisages providing better sanitation facilities, safety shelters, workshops for carrying out minor repairs, vehicle parking facilities, recreational facilities and study centres etc.

The water quality of Adyar Creek is presently polluted due to uncontrolled discharge of sewage from point sources and indiscriminate dumping of garbage. As the Marina Housing Project envisages organized collection, transportation and disposal of garbage through Corporation of Chennai and disposal of sewage through the internal network of UGS and finally to the UGS of CMWSSB, there is every likelihood of improvements in the water quality of Adyar Creek and enhancing the ecological quality of the Adyar Creek.

Impact Analysis: The impact analysis has been carried out covering the construction and operation phase activities.

CONSTRUCTION PHASE:

2.97 Impact on Vegetation: This is a reconstruction project by demolishing the existing structures and some common structures. The project sites are devoid of any valuable vegetation and hence no impact on vegetation is envisaged.

Impact on Air Quality

The impact on air quality during the construction phase would be mainly due to: • Demolition of existing structures • Handling and Disposal of debris • Transportation of construction materials • Handling of Construction Materials • Construction Activities -36- Demolition of existing structures 2.98 There are existing damaged tenements and some common structures in the project site, which shall be removed to make the site ready for construction activities. During this process, large volumes of building demolition debris, steel material, pipes and fittings will generated. Demolition will be semi mechanical using heavy machinery and drilling machines. Considerable amount of dust in the form of particulate matter will be generated during the demolition activity. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Handling &Disposal of debris

2.99 Demolition debris and other materials are to be removed from the site. Reusable materials such as steel, wood, pipes etc will be disposed through recyclers. During handling and loading in to trucks considerable amount of dust will generate causing adverse impact to the ambient air and as well as to neighbouring communities. Unusable debris shall be disposed in low lying areas with the consent of Chennai Corporation. Transportation of construction materials

The construction activities requires transportation of the following raw materials to the project site on continuous basis • Cement, Blue metal, Sand, Bricks, roof tiles etc • Steel • Wood, Pipes &fittings etc

2.100 These materials will be transported through Lorries. During transportation of materials such as cement, blue metals, sand and brick, dust generation would impact ambient air thereby increasing the pollution load resulting in annoyance to the community. In addition to this exhaust emissions from transport vehicles will add to the air pollution load in the project area.

Handling of construction materials

2.101 During the unloading of materials such as cement, blue metal, brick and sand some particulate matter in the form of dust likely to be generated. Emissions from the vehicular movement would also have an adverse impact on air quality.

Impact on Noise, Water and Soil Quality

2.102 Vehicular movement, unloading of construction materials would generate noise pollution. However, there will not be permanent undesirable impacts on the workers and the community. Adverse impact on water and soil is not envisaged during transportation of the materials.

Construction Activities 2.103 Construction activity comprises of formation of internal roads, laying of water supply &sewerage lines, mixing of concrete, fabrication of doors and windows. These activities will cause adverse impact to the ambient air and neighbouring areas.

Impact on Noise

2.104 Vehicular movement, unloading of construction materials, concrete mixing erection of pipes &fittings will likely to generate noise pollution. Adverse impact on water and soil is not envisaged during transportation of the materials. -37- Impact on Water and Soil Quality 2.105 Sewage and solid waste generated from the sanitation facilities proposed for the labourers, during construction phase will cause adverse impact to the ground water and soil if the same is not handled properly.

Impacts on Sensitive Environmental Components

2.106 Adyar creek is one of the sensitive environmental components spread over an area of 358 acres. The Adyar Creek is about 100 m from Phase-II Srinivasapuram area of the project. The discharge of sewage and disposal of debris from the project activities would cause Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

adverse impacts to Adyar creek, if adequate mitigation measures as given in the EMP are not followed.

2.107 Thereby the construction activities at the project site are likely to cause adverse impacts on the surrounding air quality because of the dust generation during construction and related activities on the whole, only if adequate mitigation measures are not in place.

2.108 Apart from dust generation, the other negative impact during construction is the traffic related impacts that could be foreseen due to movement of transportation vehicles to and from the project site. The negative impacts are traffic congestion, vehicular emissions and related air pollution impacts etc.

2.109 Such negative impacts would not arise with this phase-II Srinivasapuram area due to the adequate mitigation measures envisaged as a part of the EMP as in staggered movement of vehicles, regular emission checks for transportation vehicles, restricted vehicular movement with specific timings for the vehicle entering into and moving out of the project site, implementation of environmental monitoring plan as per the EMP on a regular basis with the stations for monitoring placed in and around the project site would help the implementing agency in the estimating the budget for the implementation of environmental management of the project area making the project and its activities sustainable.

Operational Phase 2.110 The adverse impact on water or soil due to the discharge of sewage and during collection and disposal of garbage is anticipated, if the wastes are not handled properly. However, there will not be any adverse impacts to ambient air and noise, as the project does not include backup power through D.G.sets. The total population in the operation phase is likely to be reduced and therefore no additional adverse impact is anticipated.

Mitigation Measures - Construction phase & Operation phase

Air quality

Construction Phase

2.111 The project site will be provided with wind shields of adequate height along the boundary to abate dust from spreading to neighbouring habitations. The workers would be provided with face mask. Trucks will be covered with tarpaulin so as to abate the dust leaving the truck during transportation. Building materials such as blue metals sand, brick etc will be wetted before loading and unloading operations. Ready mixed concrete will be used for all large concreting in accordance with guidelines. Internal roads will be wetted continuously to abate the dust generation during vehicular movements. D.G. Sets provided during -38- construction phase will be installed in a closed room with adequate height of stack. Trucks used for transportations will be subject to emission check before engaging the vehicles to reduce the impact due to the exhaust gas emissions.

Operation Phase

2.112 However, there will not be any adverse impacts to ambient air, as the project does not include backup power through D.G.sets. The total population in the operation phase is likely to be reduced and therefore no additional adverse impact is anticipated due to vehicular movements.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Noise Quality

Construction Phase

2.113 Vehicular movements, some construction activities and D.G.Set operations are bound to increase the noise levels in the working area. In order to reduce the noise, vehicular movements will be staggered. Ready mixed concrete will be used for large volume concreting. Greenery will be proposed along the boundaries for noise abatement to the extent feasible.

Operation Phase

2.114 However, there will not be any adverse impacts to ambient noise, as the project does not include backup power through D.G.sets. The total population in the operation phase is likely to be reduced and therefore no additional adverse impact is anticipated due to vehicular movements.

Water& Soil Quality

Construction Phase

2.115 Sewage generated during construction phase from labour toilets and transit site facilities will be treated through septic tanks and disposed through soak pits, hence there will not be any considerable adverse impact on water and soil as the activities are temporary. Water for the construction activity would be supplied through tankers and as no ground water is proposed to be utilized, no adverse impact is envisaged on ground water. Adequate number of dumper bins will be provided to collect and store the garbage and garbage will be disposed through Chennai Corporation on daily basis. Solid waste generated during construction phase such as building debris will be disposed for raising low lying areas with the consent of Chennai Corporation. Reusable materials such as steel, wood etc will be disposed commercially. As there will not be any large volume of excavations and disposable liquid or solid waste no adverse impact are envisaged on ground water and soil.

Surrounding Environmental Quality – Sensitive Environmental Components

2.116 Adequate wind-shields have been proposed to suppress the dust generated during the project activities and thereby the dust generated will be suppressed within the project area, debris generated hence will not have any adverse impact on the Adyar Creek and its environment.

Operation Phase -39-

2.117 Sanitation facilities for permanent shelters will be connected to the corporation sewer. Water requirement during operation phase will be met from CMWSSB. Garbage from permanent shelters will be collected by providing dumper bins at requisite locations and capacity and will be cleared on daily basis engaging the services of the Corporation of Chennai. Hence, adverse impact on water and soil due to the disposal of sewage and garbage is not expected.

Surrounding Environmental Quality – Sensitive Environmental Components

The migratory season of the special birds and amphibians have been found to be between December to February (Winter) and April to June (Summer), therefore the construction of blocks close to the Adyar Creek may be taken up during July to November (after the Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

onset of migration season and completed before the forthcoming season) in order to abate adverse impacts on the migratory and amphibians. During demolition of existing structures, the temporary storage of debris etc. on the boundary of the creek shall be avoided. Installation of sanitary facilities during the construction phase and allotment of space for the shops during the operation phase shall not be provided.

Traffic related Activities

Construction Phase

2.118 Vehicle movement will be staggered during construction phase and separate entry and exit will be maintained.

Operation Phase

As this proposed project would not result to addition in traffic volume, since the part of population will be relocated and hence there will not be any adverse impact on traffic.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

SOCIO IMPACT ASSESSMENT

-40- 3 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

INTRODUCTION 3.1 Social assessment is the instrument used by the government to analyze social issues and solicit stakeholder views on the proposed project. The purpose of the social assessment is to ensure transparency and accountability in the delivery of reconstruction benefits or programs and to recommend appropriate measures to manage potential social risks. The feasibility and acceptability of the proposed project, the efficiency and equity of implementation mechanism, and special needs of the vulnerable groups (women, widows, children, socially disadvantaged groups, physically challenged people, etc.) are some of the important issues examined as part of the social assessment process.

3.2 The objective of social assessment is to increase the likelihood of achieving the project’s intended social outcome and ensuring efficiency and equity. To achieve this objective, the project team has assessed the likely positive and negative social impacts, particularly on vulnerable groups, of the reconstruction activities planned and assessed the level of awareness, concerns and attitudes of people towards these planned activities. The social assessment is guided by the principles for Reconstruction and Resettlement of Tsunami Affected communities. The following tasks have been performed:

ƒ Assessment of tsunami affected people, socio-economic characteristics such as family particulars, education, employment, income, livelihood activities (primary and secondary occupation), assets, indebtedness, expenditure on maintenance aspects, demographic characteristics, loses, etc. ƒ Enumeration of people living in rented tenements and other assets such as houses, shops, etc. ƒ Enumeration of encroached properties in the vacant spaces of the impact area, the details of current use and the details of affected population. ƒ Enumeration of affected common properties such as worship places, schools etc. ƒ Assessments of likely impact of income earning opportunities during the transit period and proposed measures for support during the transition. ƒ Public Disclosure of eligible beneficiaries list and project details. ƒ Grievance Redressal mechanism for those who have beneficiaries who have grievances.

RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION POLICY FRAMEWORK Prevailing Regulatory Framework for Infrastructure Projects

3.3 A review of the Prevailing Regulatory Framework has been performed and its salient features are outlined below.

Regulatory Framework - Social

3.4 The local, state and national laws that are applicable to this project are the following: a) National Policy on Re-habilitation & Resettlement (R&R), b)Government of Tamilnadu R&R Policy for road sector projects; and. The terms of these acts have been briefly described below.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -41- a. National Policy on Resettlement & Rehabilitation for Project Affected Families 2007.3. (NPRR 2003): and Draft for 2006

The National Policy on R & R for beneficiaries provides for rehabilitation grants and other benefits to all beneficiaries. The policy recognizes person of any tenure while defining displaced persons. The R & R benefits are the minimum required and States have been given the option to propose higher benefits.

Objectives of the policy:

• To minimize the displacement and to identify non-displacing or least- displacing alternatives; • To plan the resettlement and rehabilitation of Project Affected Families, (PAFs) including the special needs of Tribal and vulnerable sections; • To provide better standard of living to PAFs; and • To facilitate harmonious relationship between the Requiring Body and PAFs through mutual cooperation.

b. R&R Benefits for Project Affected Families (NPRR - 2003)

The Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) benefits shall be extended to all the Project Affected Families (PAFs) whether belonging to below poverty line (BPL) or non-BPL. Any Project Affected Family owning house and whose house has been acquired may be allotted house free of cost (site to the extent of actual loss of area of the acquired house but not more than 150 sq.m. of land in rural areas and 75 sq.m. of land in urban areas). Each PAF of BPL category shall get a one-time financial assistance of Rs.25,000/- for house construction. Non-BPL families shall not be entitled to receive this assistance.

c. Government of Tamilnadu (Resettlement and Rehabilitation) Policy applicable to Involuntary Resettlement under the Tamilnadu Urban Development Project.

GoTN has been implementing the TNUDP project since 1988. With a view to provide R&R compensation and assistance to beneficiaries, GoTN has laid down these policy guidelines consistent with the World Bank policy provisions. The policy ensures that all beneficiaries will be resettled and rehabilitated with the aim of improving their livelihood and standards of living or at least restored to earlier levels and in such a manner that beneficiaries have a share in project benefits; When beneficiaries lose land/structures and will be displaced and/or economically affected adversely, detailed planning will be made along with implementation arrangements in an operational Resettlement Plan; Defines beneficiaries lists entitlements, details peoples’ participation, supervision by NGOs and monitoring; Mentions an implementation schedule that would be broken up into specific activities and co-ordinated with the chronogram of construction; The cost would be part of the overall project budget and adequate provision would be made for contingencies and inflation; Relevant provisions in this policy prepared by GoTN have been incorporated into TNUIFSL’s management procedures keeping in view the practical issues related to urban infrastructure projects.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

d. Prevention of encroachments: Tamil Nadu Slum Areas (improvement and clearance) Act, 1971 (Act XI of 1971)

Under Sec 9. Power of prescribed authority (TNSCB) to order demolition of building unfit for human habitation. (1) Where the prescribed authority on a report from the local authority concerned or the State Housing Board or the Board or an officer authorized by the Government for this purpose is satisfied that any building being unfit for human habitation in a slum area is not capable at a reasonable expense of being rendered so fit, it shall serve upon the owner of the building and upon any other person having an interest in the building, whether as lessee, mortgagee or otherwise, a notice to show cause, within-42 such- time as may be specified in the notice, as to why an order of demolition of the building should not be made. (2) If any of the persons upon whom a notice has been served under sub-section (1) appears in pursuance thereof before the prescribed authority and gives an undertaking to that authority that such person shall, within such period as may be specified by the authority execute such works of improvement in relation to the building, as will in the opinion of the authority, render the building fit for human habitation until that authority on being satisfied that it has been rendered fit for this purpose cancels the undertaking, the authority shall not make any order of demolition of the building. (3) If no such undertaking as is mentioned in sub section (2) is given, or if, in a case where any such undertaking has been given, any work of improvement to which the undertaking relates is not carried out within the specified period or the building is at any time used in contravention of the terms of the undertaking, the prescribed authority shall forthwith make an order of demolition of the building, or require that the building shall be demolished within such period as may be prescribed.

Under Sec 10. Procedure to be followed where demolition order has been made: - Where an order of demolition of building under section 9 has been made, the owner of the building or any other person having an interest therein shall demolish that building, within the period mentioned in sub-section (3) of section 9; and if the building is not demolished within that time, the prescribed authority shall enter into demolishing the building and subject to the provision of section 61, sell the materials thereof.

Under Sec 11. Power to declare any slum area to be slum clearance area (1) where the Government on a report from the Board or prescribed authority or local authority concerned or the State Housing Board or an officer authorized by the Government for this purpose are satisfied as respects any slum area that the most satisfactory method of dealing with conditions in the area is the clearance of such area and the demolition of such buildings in the area, they may, by notification, declare the area to be slum clearance area, that is to say an area to be cleared of all buildings in accordance with the provisions of this act. Provided that before issuing such notification the Government shall call upon the owners of the land and buildings to such slum area to show case why such declaration should not be made and after considering the cause, if any , shown by such owners, the Government may pass such orders as they deem fit. (2) Any part of the slum area or any building in the slum area which is not fit for human habitations or dangerous Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

or injurious to safety, health or morals may be excluded from the notifications under sub section (1) if the Government considers it necessary. (3) The notification under sub-section (1) shall specify each of the buildings to be demolished and the area to be cleared.

Under Sec 12. Obligation to clear area and demolish buildings – when a slum area has been declared to be a slum under sub-section (i) of Sec 11, the owner of the lands and the buildings in that area shall clear the area and demolish the buildings before the expiration of such period.

Under Sec 13. Power to clear slum clearance areas – If any slum clearance area is not cleared or the buildings demolished before the expiration of the period as mentioned in Sec 12, the prescribed authority shall enter and clear the area and demolish the buildings and subject to the provision of sec 61, sell the materials thereof.

-43- PROJECT SPECIFIC POLICY FRAMEWORK

Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project Framework (ETRP)

3.5 Keeping the provisions of various acts and policies, the R&R policy framework for ETRP has been evolved to propose suitable mitigation measures for the likely impacts. A Government Order was issued by the Government of Tamilnadu vide Revenue Department G.O. Ms No.774 date 27.12.2007 signifying the notification of the policy framework for effecting to the project. The tenants who are living at present are entitled for the new tenements and the owners are eligible for compensation of super-structure only, in case where the tenants live in structures other than the tenements and if the tenants are in the tenements, the original allottees who have leased out the tenements (without proper authority) will be compensated for the payments, if any, they have made to Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board. The occupants as on the date of survey alone will be eligible as beneficiaries for tenements under the reconstruction programme. Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board has worked out a compensation formula for the encroached structures built on the area, based on the norms already followed for sub-projects under the Tamilnadu Road Sector Project. For the proper identification of beneficiaries, the Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board has been directed to follow a foolproof method i.e. the use of bio-metric identification. A rental allowance of Rs.1000/- would be paid for a period of about 21 months during construction period to those who opt to stay in rented houses by themselves. For shifting, a lump-sum shifting allowance of Rs.1000 for each time (two time) totaling Rs. 2,000/- would be paid to each beneficiary.

BASE LINE SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY

3.6 Base Line Survey (BLS) for tenement and non-tenement household in the project affected areas was originally intended to cover the following project affected list provided by TNSCB. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Households included in the tenement list of 2862 (lived in the existing tenements affected by Tsunami) • Households included in Collector’s list of 4101 (prepared and approved by District Collector, Chennai)

In-order to plan for the baseline survey, extensive field visits were carried out by the study team along with the members from the TNSCB. Based on the observations during the field visits, further discussions were held with the senior officials of the TNSCB. During the discussions, the issues likely to arise during survey were put forth to the TNSCB. With the above discussions, to remove apprehensions against the GoTN regarding resettlement and in-situ development and to instil confidence in the minds of the Tsunami Affected Families, a sensitization with the Group Leaders of the respective villages were called for in the presence of the District Collectorate, Managing Director, TNSCB and other para-statal agencies including the officials of the World Bank. The objectives of the BLS were explained to the Group Leaders during the sensitization

Pilot Survey

3.7 A Pilot survey was conducted with a model questionnaire and a team of investigators for the sample of 50 households to understand the variables on social and economic characteristics. During the survey, the survey team was prevented by the local community with demands that all the households living in the project area shall be covered. This was placed before the TNSCB and TNSCB-44- in consultation with the communities enlarged the scope of the survey considering their demands. A copy of the survey questionnaire approved by the TNSCB and World Bank is given in Annexure – X.

3.8 Based on the pilot survey, a draft questionnaire was prepared enumerating all variables on social and economic characteristics and submitted to the TNSCB for approval. On receipt of the approved questionnaire from TNSCB and World Bank, the Consultant formed multiple survey teams comprising two members per team with two experts for supervision and the base line survey was commenced on June 25th, 2007.

3.9 Base line survey also included the enumeration of commercial establishments such as shops, common properties and neighbourhood colonies. The survey was interrupted many times apprehending that the State Government would evict them from the project area and the survey was completed on September 2008. The survey was carried out by following the Census Survey Methodology.

The main aspect of the survey was to record and verify the period of stay in the project area, ownership of structure and mapping of structures. During the BLS, public consultations were carried out to ascertain the requirements for both the transit and permanent shelters.

3.10 During the survey, 5046 families were identified and surveyed in the phase-I area which covered 1180 families in collectors list, 1489 from tenement list and 2377 families not in both list but appear to have been residing in the project area. 1726 families found in the Collector’s list were not found residing in the project area during the period of survey. 300 families enumerated during the survey were found to be duplication of entries. The number of families in each of the project area villages is tabulated in table No. 3.1.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table No. 3.1 Base line survey for households Number of Households surveyed S.No Village Name Tenement Collector’s others identified Total Not Resided list list I during the (A+B+C) in Project Surveyed Surveyed survey (Not area from (A) (B) included in collector Tenement list & list Collector's list) (C) 1 Nochikuppam 529 127 440 1096 262 2 Nochinagar 250 120 404 774 166 3 Dommingkuppam 484 282 779 1545 651 4 Selvarajapuram 92 0 92 - 5 Fore Shore Estate 134 651 754 1539 647 Total 1489 1180 2377 5046 1726

ISSUES RAISED DURING BASELINE SURVEY

3.11 Baseline Surveys for the subject assignment was started at Nochikuppam on 25.07.07 with a multiple team of Investigators and Supervisors. The comprehensive survey covering all the families was started in June 2007 and completed in September 2008. A roster of field related issues on site are outlined below:

• Prior to the survey, necessary sensitization and consultations were held by the Consultants and TNSCB with concerned entities at the project area.

-45- • It was observed that certain sections of the community and their representatives were continually raising objections and concerns during the survey progress between 31.07.07 and 03.08.07. However, on 03.8.07, the survey was totally interrupted by the Group Leaders.

• This issues were discussed by the Consultants with the Chief Engineer and Superintending Engineer of TNSCB, in addition to updating the officials on a daily basis, to enable resumption of the surveys.

• TNSCB further directed the concerned officials to visit the project site on 03.08.07 to meet the Community leaders and discuss their concerns and objections. The outcome of the discussion was that the Community Leaders demanded the following assurances from the District Collector.

1. Government shall provide allotment to each family irrespective of tenements or encroachment in the same area. 2. Temporary shelters shall also be provided in the same area. 3. Survey shall be allowed to continue only on receipt of firm assurance from the concerned authority. 4. It was observed that there was more than one family entity within a single household provided with ration card. Therefore, it was demanded that each family shall be included in the present survey for the purpose of allotment. • Some sections of the Community have specified that the model that has been displayed by TNSCB at their Corporate Office and that which has been Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

visited by the prospective beneficiaries is not satisfactory and that the type design requires to be modified. This was one of the issues cited during the discussion.

Baseline Survey for commercial establishments

3.12 Base Line survey has been carried out for enumeration of commercial establishment such as Groceries, hotels, petty shops, pawn shops, Scrap merchant Tailoring shop, tea stall, fruit/vegetable stall, electric shops, boat repairing and others include etc. The detail of shops is given below.

Table No.3.2 BLS Survey for Shops for all Villages Mecha Gro Hotel/T vegeta nic & S. ceri Petty Tailor Tea iffin ble Weldin No Name of the area es shop shop Stall shop shop Saloon g shop others Total Nochikuppam & 1 27 5 1 4 3 0 2 9 2 53 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam 2 8 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 7 20 & Selvarajapuram 3 Fore shore Estate 6 3 2 2 0 1 2 2 8 26 Total 41 9 4 7 4 1 5 11 17 99

Enumeration of Common Properties

3.13 Base Line Survey for enumeration of common properties in the project affected areas has been identified as Temple, Church, Mosque, Schools, Play Grounds, Police Station, Barren Ground, Community Hall and Govt Offices. 14 common properties were identified the table presents the detail of common properties in all villages.

-46- Table: 3.3: Common Properties S. Place of Community No. of common Name of the Village Schools No. Worship Hall Property Nochikuppam & 1 4 2 0 6 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam & 2 3 0 0 3 Selvarajapuram 3 Foreshore Estate 3 1 1 4 Sub-total 10 3 1 14

Enumeration of Neighbourhood Colonies

3.14 As part of the survey the survey team also has conducted an enumeration of Neighbourhoods colonies around the project site. These neighbourhoods’ colonies generally are multi-storeyed buildings in the backyard of tenement buildings. The other adjoined colonies are habituated as residential houses, commercial centres, Government and Private Offices, and worshiping Places. The details of Neighbourhoods colonies are given below.

Table: 3.4: Enumeration of Neighbourhood Colonies S. Name of the Multistori Govt. /Private Commercial Worshiping Total No. Village ed Offices Center Places Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Building 1 Nochikuppam 10 - 2 1 13 2. Nochinagar - - 3 Dommingkuppam 5 2 1 1 9 4 Selvarajapuram 5 - 1 - 6 5 Fore Shore Estate 7 3 5 - 15 Total 27 5 9 2 43

The original copies of the questionnaire were used for enumerating the each families, shops and common properties and mapping carried out for structures for each villages has been handed over to the TNSCB for record and further evaluation.

Verification Process

3.15 Upon completion of the base line survey and handing over of the survey records, the TNSCB has carried out a second level survey by utilizing the base-line survey data and taking photos of each family and their respective structure. A committee consisting of the following senior level officers of TNSCB has been formed.

Committee for screening and evaluation.

(a) Secretary - TNSCB (b) Superintending Engineer (Tsunami) (c) Chief Community Development Officer (d) Project Coordinator for ETRP (e) Executive Engineer (ETRP Central) (f) Assistant Secretary (Tenements) (g) Deputy Collector (Tsunami), Chennai Collectorate (h) Project Manager (ETRP) (i) Community Officer (ETRP)

During the verification process TNSCB has used the following documents for evaluation.

-47- (1) For tenements -

(a) Allotment list (TNSCB’s allottees / Legal heirs) (b) Details of survey carried out by CCI (Social Consultant for the project) in 2007/08 (c) Electoral rolls for 2004 (d) Ration card details – ‘A’ (e) Photographs and Survey details of the field verification conducted by TNSCB.

(ii) For huts -

(a) List given by the District Collectorate Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

(b) Details of survey made by CCI (Social Consultant for the project) in 2007/08. (c) Electoral rolls for 2004. (d) Ration card details – ‘A’ Register of 2004. (e) Photographs and Survey details of the field verification conducted by TNSCB. (f) Topographic sketch of the area. (g) Satellite imaging of the area.

During the field verification the following procedures has been followed by the TNSCB.

(i) All the structures in the field were numbered. (ii) Topographic sketches were prepared showing the structure numbers and locations of the various structures / tenements on ground. (iii) During the “photographic field verification”, the photographs of all the claimants have been taken in front of their structures (To avoid clashes and other law and order problems, all those who staked a claim or who claimed to be residing in a particular property were photographed even where it was patently obvious that the claim was fraudulent. Such cases were carefully coded and removed from the list later by the TNSCB). (iv) Some structures / tenements were claimed by single families while some were claimed by many. Where the single structure was claimed by a single family, the same was termed as “single claimant” and where it was claimed by many families they were termed as “multiple claimants”. (v) All the structures were listed out in serial order with the names of the claimants along side so that every structure was correlated to one or more claimants. This was done to ensure that ineligible and other floating population did not get themselves included in the list. (vi) For each of the claimants, the documents submitting by them during the field verification as well as collected from various sources was tabulated which included the following: (a) In case of tenements, whether they were allottees / legal heir or unauthorized purchasers. (b) In case of huts, whether they were covered by the CCI Survey and included in the CCI’s list. (c) Whether they were covered during the photographic field verification (second level) performed by TNSCB. (d) Documentary proof was verified for presence as on 01.01.2005 using the Ration card / Civil Supplies Department’s ‘A’ Register of the area for 2004 and the Electoral rolls for 2004.

-48- METHODOLOGY ADOPTED & CATEGORIZATION

3.16 Based on the above field verification and documentation further evaluation to arrive the status of each household has been carried out. For the evaluation the Steering Committee of the GoTN adopted the following policy to decide the eligibility. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

(i) For every structure – one house (ii) For every family – not more than one house (No houses to individual claimants) (iii) The family should have been residing in the area on or before 01.01.2005. (iv) Beneficiaries should continue to be current residents in the area.

SCORING MATRICES

3.17 Based on availability or non-availability of information and / or based on positive or negative response to the above a scoring matrix was evolved. A ‘Y’ was used for a positive response and an ‘N’ for a negative response. The case which secured all ‘Y’s was deemed the most eligible and the case which secured all ‘N’s was deemed the least ineligible. In between there are several categories of eligibilities based on how many ‘Y’s or ‘N’s were scored by different categories. These scoring matrices are summarized in table 1 to 4 annexed to this note. The 4 tables refer to the different possibilities based on combinations of values (Y and N) taken by the four different variables mentioned above.

WEIGHTAGE ASSIGNMENT TABLES

After completing the above, the eligibility was decided on the following basis. (i) In the case of tenements, a system of weightage for various criteria was evolved as follows:

Table 3.5: Weightage Assignment Table (Tenements) Sl. Category Weightage No Y N 1 Allottees / Legal heirs 3 0 2 Covered in CCI list 1 0 3 Documentary proof for presence on 01.01.2005 3 0 4 Photographic field verification 2 0

(ii) In the case of huts, the weightage is as follows:

Table 3.6: Weightage Assignment Table (Huts) Sl. Category Weightage No Y N 1 Covered in Collectorate’s list 2 0 2 Covered in CCI list 1 0 3 Covered in photographic field verification 2 0 4 Documentary proof for presence on 01.01.2005 4 0

(i) Claimant Type

3.18 Based on these weights, total points scored by various claimants were calculated. The total points scored for all possible combinations are summarized in Tables 1 to 4. Based on these different types of claimants were determined. Single claimants who received total points above ‘6’ were taken as eligible (“SE” type).

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -49- It was found that even among the single claimants there were some who did not even receive a score of 6. Those who received a score of 4, 5 were bracketed as ‘SO’ and those who received lesser scores as Not eligible (SN). So also the highest scoring claimant among the multiple claimants (i.e., who secure the maximum points) was included in the eligibility list if he had a score greater than 6. The rest were treated as other multiple claimants (MO) / not eligible multiple claimants (MN).

For this purpose, the following codes have been assigned to differentiate the claimants based on eligibility.

Table 3.7: Claimant Type Code Single claimants eligible SE Single claimants others SO Single claimants (ineligible) SN Multiple claimants (most eligible) ME Multiple claimants others MO Multiple claimants (not eligible) MN

(ii) Eligibility Determining Grid

As can be inferred the more the number of points greater the eligibility. To decide the categories the following table has been used:

Score Single claimant Multiple claimants Highest scorer Other than Highest scores Greater or equal to 6 (i.e., 6, 7, SE ME MO 8, 9) 4, 5 SO MO MN 0, 1, 2, 3 SN MN MN

(iii) Allotment Points Table

Pursuant to evaluation and analysis, the order of preference or priority in allotment has been arrived by TNSCB and is indicated below.

Category I and IA SE and ME (Tenements & Huts) (with score > 6) Category II and IIA SO and MOH ((Tenements and Huts with score > 6) (Score of 4&5) Category III and IIIA SN and MNH (Tenements and Huts) (Score of 0,1,2,&3) Category IV and IVA MO(Tenement) MO (Huts) (Score of 6,7,8&9)) Category V and V A MN (Tenement) MN (Huts) ( Score of 0,1,2,3,4,5)

(iv) Other General Conditions

(a) Where there was a tie between multiple claimants, the highest scorer will get status of ME, MO, MN based on the above norms and also based on lots or further documentation. The others will receive the appropriate lower eligibility code. Where more than one claimant has used the same document to support their claim, only one claimant was given points. The others were assigned ‘zero’ point.

PROJECT BENEFICIARY SURVEY RESULTS Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

3.19 Definition of Tsunami Affected Families (TAFs): As per TNSCB, Tsunami Affected Families are those families living in tenements and huts in the Tsunami affected coastal area on or before 26th December, 2004 event of Tsunami and anyone with records of documentary proof such as ration card, voter ID, covered-50- in collector list (List of Tsunami affected person furnished by the Chennai Collectorate documented after the Tsunami) prior to Jan 01, 2005.

3.20 Definition of Project Affected Families (PAFs): Those families who are likely to be affected and identified during baseline survey and upon subsequent second level verification carried out by the TNSCB officials, with technical assistance from the Consultant in the project area are called Project Affected Families.

3.21 With the methodology developed and used to identify the eligible beneficiaries through a verification process consisting of photography, household survey, possession of documents such as ration card, voter identification card and enumeration performed by the study team etc. the beneficiaries were categorized by the TNSCB into five categories based on the scores obtained. The data in Table 3.8 indicates that there were 3,193 families with 73% Tsunami Affected and the remaining 27% being Project Affected Families. The priority for resettlement in Marina is fixed for Category-I, II, IIA and III beneficiaries totaling 2472 families with 94% Tsunami Affected and the remaining 6% being Project Affected Families. As per TNSCB, the eligible beneficiaries identified through photographs will be issued bio-metric identity cards to avoid duplication and to ensure proper allotment. However, the additional shelters available will be considered for claims before operational phase of construction of permanent shelters. Further, TNSCB has specified that ineligible people identified in Category –V&VA will be vacated by issuing one month notice from TNSCB before dismantling the structures and no cash assistance /compensation will be provided.

Table 3.8: Beneficiaries survey Results for Marina – Phase I Category Tenements Huts Total Remarks TAF PAF TAF PAF TAF PAF TOTAL Category –I & IA 1317 23 937 0 2254 23 2277 Category – II & IIA 36 4 43 79 4 83 Category - III 1 111 1 111 112 Priority total 1354 138 980 0 2334 138 2472 94% 6% 100% Category - IIB & III A 14 707 14 707 721 Cum. Total 1354 138 994 707 2348 845 3193 73% 27% 100% Multiple Category – IV & IVA 83 3 0 184** 83 187 270 Claimants Cum. Total (I – IV) 1437 141 994 891 2431 1032 3463 Non- Category – V & VA NA NA NA NA 1423 899 2322 eligible Source: TNSCB ** 184 families considered as ineligible

Base Line Survey Analysis Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

3.22 Upon receipt of the order of priority/ order of preference of eligible families as verified and finalized by the TNSCB, the Consultants were requested to provide a profile of these households and are tabulated in table No. 3.9

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -51-

Table 3.9: Baseline Survey Analysis S. No. Indicator Unit Area-I Area-II Area-III Total (Area I, II & III) Tenements Huts Tenements Huts Tenements Huts Tenements Huts No. of Beneficiaries 817 626 547 431 214 828 1578 1885 a) Family Size Average 4 4 4.5 4 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.1 Women headed b) household % 28 5 23 4 29 20 27 10 c) Education Primary % 24 4 10 8 2 8 12 7 Secondary % 32 6 8 2 19 22 20 10 Graduate % 2 0 8 4 20 6 10 4 d) Occupation Fishing & related % 53 10 21 25 21 13 32 16 Labours % 5 1 8 3 10 12 8 5 e) Income

a) Income above poverty line Average 2200 2200 2500 2500 2500 2500 2400 2400 b) Income Below Poverty line (Rs. 500/- or less as per Planning commission, GoI) Number of Earners Average 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 f) Indebtness % 12 2 4 1 3 4 19 7 g) Housing Pucca House % 45 4 35 14 21 25 34 14 Semi-Pucca House % 1 1 2 2 1 1 Kutcha House % 50 50 50 50 Owned % 34 6 31 9 19 21 28 12 Legal heir % 27 5 43 13 26 30 32 16 Rented % 12 2 2 0 1 1 5 1 Buyer % 12 2 2 0 1 1 5 1 Average area of house Sq.m 16 3 11 3 7 7 11 5 Having separate kitchen % 52 10 54 16 33 37 46 21 Having separate toilet % 49 9 46 14 28 32 41 18 Having separate bath % 48 9 42 13 26 29 39 17 Houses electrified % 82 15 71 21 43 49 65 29 h) Standard of Living Television % 67 13 68 20 41 47 59 27 2 wheeler % 23 4 18 6 11 13 18 8 3 wheeler % 17 3 13 4 8 9 13 5 Fridge % 34 6 27 8 16 19 26 11 Phone % 71 14 61 19 37 43 57 25

3.23 Among the 3463 beneficiaries, 1443 (42%) beneficiaries are residing in Area-I comprising Nochikuppam and Nochinagar, 978 (28%) beneficiaries are in Area-II comprising Dommingkuppam and Selvarajapuram and 1042 (30%) beneficiaries are in Area-III covering Foreshore Estate.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-52-

3.24 Project-affected households: Head of Households in % - Phase-I Two-thirds (64%) of the total 100 90 project-affected households is 80 73.49 Male Female headed by men and the remaining 70 67 60 (36%) are women headed 50.03 49.97 50 households. The survey has 40 33 identified 3463 project-affected 30 26.51 families in Phase – I covering all 20 10 the three areas and the area-wise 0 details are given in Table 1.0 under Area-I Area-II Area-III Annexure V.

3.25 Age: The age break up analysis of the beneficiaries indicates that Sixty percent of the beneficiaries are below 45 years, with 11 percent in the age group below 25 years. 14 percent of the beneficiaries are in the age group of above 55 years and this segment may require support and guidance during implementation (Refer Table 2 under Annexure V). The family size distribution analysis of the beneficiaries indicates that thirty three percent of the beneficiaries have a family size of four members, followed 22% with 3 members, 16% with 5 members, 16% with 2 members and 13% having more than 5 members. The average size of a family is 4 (Refer Table 3 under Annexure V). Data on the religious groups highlights that the majority (77%) of beneficiaries are Hindus, followed by Muslims (20%) and Christians (3%). (refer Table 4 under Annexure V).

3.26 Community: Fifty one percent of the beneficiaries belong to Most Backward Class, followed by 40% belonging to scheduled caste, 8% belonging to backward class and one percent belonging to the general category. The social status of the beneficiaries is given in Table 5 under Annexure V. The households belonging to MBC & SC are classified as vulnerable category and may require additional support and guidance.

3.27 Education: The education status of the affected population reveals that 78% of them are literates with the remaining 22% of the beneficiaries being illiterates. Among the educated, 40% are educated up to SSLC level, followed by 20% educated up to primary level, 5% of them educated up to the higher secondary level. Only 12 percent of the beneficiaries are graduates and very few are post graduates and professional degree holders. (Refer Table 6 under Annexure V)

3.28 Occupation: The Occupational pattern reflects 70 that 50% are engaged in 60 Area-I % Fishing, 10% employed as 50 Skilled Labours, 21% as Casual Labours, 2% are self 40 employed. Construction 30 Area-II %

workers, Service sector P

e 20 r c

housemaids and e n

t 10 a

employment in Private and g A r ea- III % e public sector constitute 2% 0 p P u b r i l v E i c a O m F C t L s S e i t a a l s h e o e b a s h e c y l o n u f i r t e n s o u d a d g r r l Occupation Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

each. The G.O. MS No. 774 does not discriminate between the encroacher and squatter. However, the list has been modified indicating the status (encroacher-53- / squatter) (Refer Table 7 under Annexure V). 3.29 Income: An analysis on the monthly income of the household reflects that 21% of the affected people earn between Rs.1000 to Rs.1500 per month, Fifty eight percent of the beneficiaries earn between Rs.1500 to Rs.2500/- per month. 24% of the families earn between Rs.2500-3500 per month and 9% of the families earns between Rs.3500 -4500 per month. Only 8.5 % of the total households earn more than Rs.4500 per month. The monthly income is one of the variables to decide the vulnerability status of affected people. Only two families living in Nochikuppam reported that they have no income. Other than these two families no families are found having income below poverty line which is Rs.500.93/- as defined by the Planning Commission in urban area. The average monthly income is envisaged at Rs.2, 200 per month (Refer Table 8 under Annexure V).

3.30 Type of Structure: The Type of Structures in Phase-I Areas survey team has quantified 800 the number of dwelling units in each of the 600 surveyed slums including Number of the break-up of typology of 400 dwelling units as Pucca, Structures Semi –Pucca and Kutcha 200 structures. The following table provides zone-wise 0 fact base on the dwelling Area-I Area-II Area-III units: To ascertain the loss of structure, the survey Thatched Roof Tiled AC Sheet RCC Roof focused on the type of structure in which the affected people were living. It is observed that 40% of the affected people are living in Pucca houses, followed by 4% in Semi Pucca structures and 53% in Kutcha structures. The housing condition of the affected people is one of the main variables to ascertain the living condition of the people. (Refer Table 9 under Annexure V). Among the Kutcha structures, Foreshore estate holds the share in Kutcha structures which is 66%.

3.31 Ownership: The Ownership of the structure reveals that 86% beneficiaries in the area had own structures by owning and legal heirs, followed by 7% of rented structures and 6% of the beneficiaries have bought from other residents. Type of structure by tenure is given in Table 10 under Annexure V.

3.32 Loss of Structures: The type of loss findings depicts 96% structures affected were Residential structures and 4% of them being commercial structures. No home stead land is found to be affected. Based on the feedback obtained during the socio- economic survey, wherein all beneficiaries who had opted for a house in the existing area. Refer the Table 11 under Annexure V.

Gender Profile and Analysis

3.33 Realizing that women were the worst hit in terms of displacement caused by the project, the social impact assessment /analysis was performed keeping in mind of their susceptibility. Since the project envisages in-situ development, the impact is only for a temporary period and the related susceptibility marginal. The impact assessment has been specifically carried with adequate focus on issues related to women. The concerns and the responses of the women during the consultation meetings have also been addressed. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

3.34 The number of women headed households has been recorded to be 476 (33%) in Nochikuppam and Nochinagar, 259 (26.51%) in Dommingkuppam-54 -and Selvarajapuram and 521 (49.97%) in Foreshore Estate respectively. The ratio of male to female head of the family corresponds to 2:1 in Nochikuppam and Nochinagar, 3:1 in Dommingkuppam and Selvarajapuram and 1:1 in Foreshore Estate respectively.

3.35 The education status of the women affected population reveals that 82% of them are literates with the remaining 12% of the beneficiaries being illiterates. Among the educated, 42% are educated up to SSLC level, followed by 25% educated up to primary level, 5% of them educated up to the higher secondary level. Only 9 % of the beneficiaries are graduates and very few are postgraduates and professional degree holders.

Table 3.10: Educational Profile of Women headed Households in Phase-I Areas Number of Women Headed Education Percentage Households Illiterate 227 18.07 Primary 316 25.13 Secondary 534 42.5 Higher Secondary 59 4.72 Graduate 116 9.23 Post Graduate 2 0.18 Professional 2 0.17 1256 100

3.36 Occupation: The Occupational pattern reflects that nearly 38% of women headed households are working in which 60% are engaged in fishing related activity (selling), 3% employed as Skilled Labours and 14% as Casual Labours. Construction workers, Service sector housemaids and employment in Private and public sector constituting 2% and 12% each.

Table 3.11: Occupational Profile of Women headed Households in Phase-I Areas Women Headed Households Occupation Percentage (Nos) Fishing 293 60.5 Skilled Workers 14 2.79 Self Employed 2 0.38 Construction Workers 11 2.23 Casual Labour 69 14.3 Service sector housemaids 61 12.7 Private and public sector 10 1.97 Professional 3 0.7 Others 21 4.43 484 100 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -55-

Occupational Profile of Women headed Households – Phase – I

Fishing

1% 4% Skilled Workers 2% Self Employed 13% Construction Workers

Casual Labour 14% 61% 0% Service sector housemaids 2% Private and public sector

3% Professional

Others

Educational Profile of Women headed Households – Phase – I Illiterate 0.17% Primary 0.18% 4.72% 9.23% 18.07% Secondary Higher Secondary 25.13% 42.50% Graduate Post Graduate Professional

3.37 The preference for allotment will be first for women headed households followed by others. The socio-economic indicators analysed for this aspect include the income generated by the household, the occupation and losses if any due to the project. On this basis the provision i.e. the preference for allotment has been worked out.

3.38 Compensation towards structure of shops will be given to the owners. In order to rehabilitate for the livelihood loss during the construction, a cash grant equivalent to 50% of minimum wages of a day for 18 months will be provided as subsistence allowance for tenants/ owners.

Health Profile Analysis

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Assessment of the health profile of the dwellers revealed that a significant portion have not been affected by any serious ailments as shown in Table below.

-56- Table 3.12: Health Profile Number of People Affected Health Affected By Tenement Non-Tenement Typhoid 1 8 Malaria 0 2 Jaundice 1 0 Chikungunya 2 16 TB 11 1 Cancer 0 0 HIV (Aids) 0 1 Diabetes 32 0 Other Ailments 9 1 Non-Affected 1522 1856 Total 1578 1885

3.39 As per the list furnished by the TNSCB under phase I, 3,463 households fall under the eligible list. 1,578 No. of households comes under single eligible criteria and 1,885 No. of households comes under multiple eligible criteria among the four categories. The eligibility status is tabulated No. 3.13.

Table 3.13: Finalized list of Beneficiaries–Phase – I

S. Claimant Description of claimant type Points Tenement Huts Total No type SINGLE CLAIMANT ELIGIBLE - Structure claimed by 1 SE single claimant who possess records to score more than >6 333 437 770 6 points MOST ELIGIBLE AMONG MULTI CLAIMANTS - Highest 2 ME scorer among multi claimants who possess records to >6 1007 500 1507 score more than 6 points

SINGLE CLAIMANTS OTHERS - Structure claimed who 3 SO 4,5 6 125 131 possess records to score 4 or 5 points

MULTI CLAIMANTS - OTHERS - HIGHEST SCORERS - 4 MOH Highest scorer among multi claimants who possess 4,5 34 97 131 records to score 4 or 5 points

SINGLE CLAIMANTS NOT ELIGIBLE - Structure claimed 5 SN by single claimant who possess records to score less <4 56 389 445 than 4 points MULTI CLAIMANTS - OTHERS - One among the multi claimants and already one claimant has been identified 6 MO for the structure either under ME or MOH. This claimant >6 86 184 270 may be the 2nd or 3rd or 4th claimant for the structure. Points could be more than 6 MULTI CLAIMANTS - NOT ELIGIBLE - HIGHEST 7 MNH SCORER - The highest scoring claimant among the multi <4 56 153 209 claimants with a score of less than 4 MULTI CLAIMANTS - NOT ELIGIBLE - One among the 8 MN <4 1423 899 2322 multi claimants with points less than 4 Grand Total 5785 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

MAGNITUDE OF R&R IMPACTS IN PHASE –I AREAS

3.40 The project is expected to impact on 1,578 families living in own tenements and on 1885 families living in huts. The numbers of beneficiaries categorized-57 -by severity of impact in Nochikuppam and Nochinagar area have been identified to be 3,375 Title holders and 90 non-title holders totaling 3463 families and the total number of structures enumerated has been found to be 3152 nos during the baseline socio -economic survey presented in table 3.14

Table 3.14: Project Affected households by Category Entitlements as approved by PAF’s Tenements Non-Tenements Total Families TNSCB Owner Built house will be provided and Area-I 817 569 1388 Rs. 1000/- as shifting assistance Area-II 547 430 977 two times is totaling Rs.2000/- Area-III 214 796 1010

Sub-total (a) 1578 1795 3375 Tenant

Area-I 0 13 13 Built house will be provided for the tenant. Area-II 0 0 0 Compensation will be given to the owner of the structure Area-III 0 10 10 Rs. 2,000/- as shifting assistance Sub-total (b) 0 23 23 @ Rs.1000 for two times Grand Total (a) 1578 1818 3398 +(b) Loss of livelihood (shops Nos) Area-I 53 Structure cost for the owners. Area-II 20 50% of Minimum wages proposed as Subsistence allowance for 18 Area-III 26 months for tenants / owners. Rs. 1000/- as shifting assistance Sub-total (c) 99

3.41 During the base line survey, 13 community assets have been identified in Phase I area. The project is expected to have impact on all common properties such as place of worship, schools, community halls, libraries etc. which are likely to be demolished for the construction of permanent shelters. The community assets likely to be affected are tabulated in table 3.15

Table: 3.15: Community Assets S. Place of Name of the Village Schools Community Hall Total No. Worship Nochikuppam & 1 4 2 0 6 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam & 2 3 0 0 3 Selvarajapuram 3 Foreshore Estate 3 1 1 5 Sub-total 10 3 1 14 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

3.42 The structures used by the community will be relocated in consultation with the stakeholders. This relocation exercise will be monitored by the PMC which will be coordinated by the Superintending Engineer (S.E.) Incharge (Tsunami), TNSCB. Further, the relocation of community structures will be reviewed and followed by the S.E. during the review meetings of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and it will be ensured that all community structures and utilities are relocated /newly built.

-58- Analysis of Livelihood loss

3.43 About 99 shops have been identified for eligibility of livelihood losses in phase I. Type of shops are shown in table 3.16

Table 3.16: Livelihood Loss Mecha Gro Hotel/ vegeta S. Petty Tailor Tea Saloo nic & Name of the area ceri Tiffin ble others Total No shop shop Stall n Weldin es shop shop g shop Nochikuppam & 1 27 5 1 4 3 0 2 9 2 53 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam 2 8 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 7 20 & Selvarajapuram 3 Fore shore Estate 6 3 2 2 0 1 2 2 8 26 Total 41 9 4 7 4 1 5 11 17 99

Analysis on the monthly income of the livelihood loss of the shop reflects that 40% of the affected people earn below Rs.2,000 per month, followed by 29% with income range of Rs.2,000 – 3,000 and 10% of the respondents earning Rs.3,000 – 4,000 and 21% earn above Rs.4,000 per month. Refer Table 12 -Annexure-V.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-59- 4 TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN

NEED FOR TEMPORARY SHELTERS

4.1 The proposal for the provision of temporary shelters is in place for the sustenance of regular activities of the beneficiaries within the project area considering the land availability within the project area and also the livelihood during the construction phase. The type of shelter and facilities in the proposed temporary shelters has been developed based on the consultations with the project beneficiaries. The details of the sites for transit relocation have been detailed in the following sections:

PROPOSAL OF TEMPORARY SHELTERS DURING TRANSIT PERIOD

4.2 TNSCB has proposed temporary shelter totaling 3636 beneficiaries at 5 locations for providing transit accommodation during the phase of reconstruction. The following table gives the detail of transit accommodation for the beneficiaries in the identified sites:

Table 4.1: Details of Transit Sites S.No Site Area No of Shelter Survey Site Location Ownership . Details (sq. m.) Shelters Size No. 1 SITE-1 3,375 258 3m x 3m Nochikuppam 7580 pt TNSCB 2 SITE-2 17,084 1126 3m x 3m Nochikuppam 7581 pt TNSCB 3 SITE-3 13,793 1477 3m x 3m Nochikuppam 7582 & 7585 pt COC 4 SITE-3a 4,509 490 3m x 3m Nochikuppam 7585 pt TNSCB Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

5 Doming SITE-4 4,900 285 3m x 3m 7587 pt TNSCB Kuppam Total 3636 Source: TNSCB

Activities around the temporary shelter site

Site No.1: Nochikuppam

4.3 The site is a flat piece of vacant land located in Nochikuppam Village. It is bounded on the east by a road running parallel to the coast, north by tenements, and south by vacant land and West by certain encroachments. These encroachers will not be disturbed during construction and operation phase.

Site 1: Nochikuppam Site No.2: Nochikuppam

4.4 The site is a barren piece of land located in Nochikuppam village. It is bounded on the East by a road parallel to the coast, West by St Bedes’ School and by the other transit sites in the south and the north. The site is devoid of any structure but has bushes of no economic value. -60- Site 2: Nochikuppam

Site No.3: Nochikuppam

4.5 This site is located in Nochikuppam village. It is bounded on the east by a road running parallel to the coast, west by residential commercial buildings, and south by a temple and existing road and by another transit site on the north. At present the site is occupied by M/s Gammon India for storage of construction materials and for project office. As far as the site concerned court has directed the TNSCB to keep the site as Open Space Requirement. However, TNSCB has approached the Honorable High court Site 3: Nochikuppam seeking permission for the construction of temporary shelters.

Site No.3a: Dommingkuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4. 6 this site is located in Dommingkuppam village. This bounded on the east by a road running parallel to the coast, west by residential and commercial buildings and by the existing tenements on the south

Site No.4: Dommingkuppam

4. 7 this site is located in Dommingkuppam Site 4: Dommingkuppam village. This bounded on the east by a road running parallel to the coast, west and south by residential and commercial buildings and by the existing tenements on the north.

Topography

4.8 The project site comes under the geographical coordinates of 13°, 01’26’’ N and 80°, 16’41’’E and is located at 3.21 m above the Mean sea level. The project site is fairly flat and is about 200 meters from Bay of Bengal. The project area slopes towards the South and the East.

Climate

4.9 The climate is characterized by high humidity with annual average temperature of about 32 deg. C. The project site experiences rain fall during the Southwest and North East Monsoons. The annual rainfall is around 1,230 mm.

Demography

4.10 Data collected from TNSCB indicates that the total population of the project area is about 42736 comprising 6581 households. About 80 per cent of the population -61- depends on fishing as the livelihood and socio- economic conditions are dependant on the vagaries of nature. Demographic situation of slums in the project area is presented in Table 4.2.

Table 4.2: Demography of Project Area (Approximate) S. Demographic Nochikuppam Domming Selvarajapuram Foreshore Srinivasa Total No Parameters & Nochinagar Kuppam Estate puram 1. Total Population 7778 5088 517 6117 23236 42736

2. Total 1344 1029 560 887 2761 6581 Households 3. Fisher Folk 80% 50% 50% 30% 40% 50%

4. Others 20% 50% 50% 70% 60% 50%

5. Literacy Rate 80% 50% 50% 50% 60% 60%

Source: TNSCB TRANSIT RELOCATION SITE SELECTION Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4.11 TNSCB has identified 5 sites for Transit accommodation for the beneficiaries during construction of tenements. All the sites are located within the project area and visited by the study team. Except site 3 all the remaining sites are vacant lands without any structures. While in site 3 the administrative site office of M/s. Gammon India is functioning which will be likely to be removed before the construction activities are started.

All the transit sites will be provided with proper access by way of BT roads. Water supply is proposed to be extended from the existing water supply lines to the transit sites. The transit sites will be provided with common water supply and sanitation facilities including community bins for the handling of garbage in consultation with Corporation of Chennai.

STAKE HOLDER’S VIEWS 4.12 In order to ascertain the perception of the stakeholders, consultations have been held with the host community and residents of Nochi Nagar as a sample case by way of focus group discussions. To initiate the discussion, salient features of the proposed transit site were described and the views of the participants with regard to the impact of the project were invited. Specifically, the residents were consulted to ascertain their levels of satisfaction in staying at the proposed transit location. Accessibility, infrastructure availability, employment opportunities, availability of socio-cultural amenities were the factors considered to determine the satisfaction level of the residents. Upon completion of this preliminary assessment, residents were questioned on the specific problems faced in the locality, which could serve as pointers to avoid similar issues in the new residential layout. The residents were also questioned about what they envisaged as serious concerns that may arise during construction and the likely impact on the host community. The Requirements and issues raised by the Host population are given below:

ƒ Temporary shelters to be located in Nochinagar would be convenient for livelihood ƒ Adequate Water Supply should be provided ƒ Existing public toilets will not be sufficient for the transit population. Hence adequate number of new toilets should be constructed. ƒ The transit sites should be free from water logging. ƒ Health Centres with Medical Supervisor should be provided in the transit sites. ƒ Dwelling units in the transit sites should be provided with adequate storage space. ƒ Continuous power supply and street lighting to be provided. -62- ƒ Proper drainage facilities should be provided ƒ Adequate storm water drain facilities to be provided to prevent water logging ƒ Noise and vehicular pollution during construction phase is to be controlled Bavanikuppam (Foreshore Estate) ƒ Provision of adequate internal roads and connectivity to main roads to be ensured Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ƒ The beneficiaries expressed their willingness to remain in the same site during the transit period.

CONSULTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS

Consultation process is proposed to be carried out in two stages:

1. Public Consultation Meetings 2. Focus Group Discussions

Public Consultation

4.13 Consultations with the community and various stakeholders including the Government and NGOs forms an integral part of project preparation. The consultation will serve to incorporate the felt need of the community in preventive, planning and mitigation measures at the transit site. The observations made during the consultations would serve as useful pointers to the Project Implementation Unit in designing the layout, provision of basic facilities such as road network, health services and other mitigation measures such as water logging, rain water harvesting and solid waste management. The issues raised during the consultations would be incorporated into the resettlement implementation plan for the sub-projects such as transit relocation plan. The consultations have also assisted the community in obtaining clarifications on the transit sites, facilities available, duration and assistance during the transit relocation period.

Focus Group Discussions

4.14 Focus group discussions with the community regarding the transit sites were held in Nochikuppam, Nochi nagar, Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram and Foreshore Estate on 18th September, 2007.The discussion highlighted the following views and demand of the community:

• The temporary shelters should be constructed in a convenient place for suitable fishing activities near to the present location. • Allotment process should be transparent. The number of allottees in each transit site should be informed to the beneficiaries. • Adequate water supply shall be provided for the Transit Relocation Site (TRS). • Adequate public conveniences including washing areas shall be constructed. • Storm water drains and internal roads shall be constructed. • Health Centres with Medical Supervisor shall be provided at the Transit Site. • Dwelling units shall be provided with adequate storage space. • Continuous Power Supply and Street Lights to be provided. • Garbage collection system should be implemented. -63- • The existing buildings at Bhavanikuppam and Nochikuppam were observed to be dilapidated and several accidents were reported. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• The school children shall be provided space in neighbouring schools for evening studies • The following questions were frequently asked by the beneficiaries in all the project sites: ƒ What is the quality of temporary housing? ƒ What will be the roof type for the temporary shelters? ƒ Is option for self relocations possible? ƒ Will there be any assistance from PIU during transit period?

OUT COME OF THE CONSULTATION

4.15 The amenities in the Transit Relocation Plan were finalized based on discussions with the communities and also from the outcome of consultations. The size of the individual shelter, power point connection, (such as provision of additional plug point, and switches were considered). As per TNSCB standard, Proposal for the provision of public stand post, bathrooms, public toilets designs were all discussed with the group members and finalized. The general maintenance of the transit sites and recurring expenditure during the transit period will be provided by TNSCB. But the individual expenses within their shelter such as change of fuse bulb will be done by the occupants.

GRIEVANCE RE-DRESSAL MECHANISM

4.16 In order to eliminate the genuine grievances, it is essential that these grievances are addressed at the earliest in accordance with the Government rules and orders and guidelines of the ETRP project to the satisfaction of the aggrieved. For this a two level grievance re-dressal mechanism is proposed one at TNSCB Board level and other at State level.

The grievance cell will constitute six members in the first level committee

TNSCB Board level Grievance Redressal Committee

1. Chairman - Secretary, TNSCB 2. Member - Special Deputy Collector of Chennai Collectorate 3. Convener - Chief Community Development Officer 4. Member - Superintending Engineer, TNSCB 5. Member - District Revenue Officer, TNSCB 6. Member - Assistant Secretary, Tenements

State Level (Appellate) Grievance Redressal Committee 1. Chairman – OSD, TSUNAMI, CMA, Chennai 2. Member – Jt., Secretary /Additional Secretary– Housing Dept, GoTN 3. Member – R&R, Joint Commissioner, ETRP, Chennai.

4.17 Any aggrieved beneficiaries will be directed to approach the TNSCB Board Level Grievance Redressal Committee through Project Engineer, TNSCB and forwarded it to the Chairman, Secretary (TNSCB) subsequently at the first level. Further the beneficiaries is not satisfied, may approach the State level Appellate Grievance Redressal Committee, Chennai through Officer on Special Duty (OSD), Tsunami, who is Chairman of the Grievance Redressal authority in the Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -64-

CMA office at Chepauk, Chennai. Petitions received will be acknowledged within 7 days from the date of receiving the petition. The action taken on the grievance will be communicated to the aggrieved beneficiaries through registered letter within 30 days from the date of receipt of the petition. The project affected person can go through these two levels of grievance re-dressal forum available to the beneficiaries and if not satisfied can appeal in the court of law. Step-by-step process for registering and redressing of grievances, response time, communication modes, mechanism for appeal and the provisions to approach civil courts in case of other provision fail will be disseminated. These will be prepared in the local language and distributed to all the beneficiaries at the time of issuing biometric identity cards.

STAGES OF TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN

4.18 The Transit Relocation Plan consists of two stages comprising allotment process and the institutional arrangement for implementation.

Allotment Process: Stakeholders opting for relocation in transit site shall be issued with allotment orders by TNSCB. The allotment shall be made based on the availability of the temporary shelters located adjacent to the present settlements and allocation shall be done through draw of lots. The number of houses for allotment shall depend on the operational phasing of the project.

The Allotment shall be made based on the option exercised by the beneficiaries to either relocate to the transit site or opt for self relocation. Consent letter shall be obtained from the Project Affected Households for relocation. The stakeholders shall be allotted temporary shelters based on the availability of temporary shelters and the phasing of construction of permanent tenements. The list of allottees shall be displayed at the respective sites

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

4.19 TNSCB has availed the services of a PMC consulting firm for implementing the transit site relocation plan. The implementation plan for transit relocation has been annexed in Annexure – XI. The consulting firm shall monitor and prepare reports for submission to the TNSCB and The World Bank. The consulting firm shall also conduct periodic reconnaissance surveys and questionnaire based surveys to monitor the provision and maintenance of infrastructure facilities.

The key Tasks of PMC on the social side but not limited to:

• Continued interactions with the beneficiaries to prepare them for smooth transition to manage their apartment buildings; • Establish and manage database for tracking implementation progress in shifting and delivering the entitlements; • Oversee the implementation of Environment and Social management plans • Ensure that both transit and permanent houses are fully ready in all respects before the shifting takes place • Promote Self-Help Groups / Cooperative Societies for enhancing their livelihood opportunities and management the tenements • Formulate the details for post resettlement assistance and support including exist strategy Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Prepare periodical reports on implementation progress and

-65- • Document the lessons learnt and implementation experiences.

The detailed tasks of the PMC as per the ToR drafted by TNSCB is outlined in Annexure – XIII.

RESOURCE REQUIREMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION

1.18 The proposed project is essentially a construction project and is expected to have moderate impact due to temporary and reversible deterioration of ambient air, noise, and water and soil quality. The estimated resource requirement during construction is presented in Table 4.3.

Table 4. 3: Estimated Resource Requirements S. No. Items Quantity 1. Water 180kld 2. Sand 170300 cum 3. Blue Metal 85600 cum 4. Bricks 136080 cum 5. Cement 43,830 tons 6. Steel 3,300 tons 7. Labour 850 nos./ day Source: TNSCB

Availability of water and management of wastewater are major areas of concern during the project operation phase. The estimated quantities of water requirement, sewage and solid waste generation are presented in the following Table.

Table 4.4: Estimated Quantities S. No. Items Quantity 1 Water Requirement – Domestic 5000 kl per day 2. Sewage Generation 4000 kl per day 3. Solid Waste 9.2 tons per day

Water supply and sewerage requirement of the resettlement would be carried out by Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) and solid waste disposal would be managed by Corporation of Chennai (CoC).

DESCRIPTION OF TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN AND ITS AMENITIES PROPOSED

4.20 Temporary shelters are proposed at 5 locations within the project area with all basic amenities. There are 5 numbers of Transit sites finalized for temporary shelters. Each shelter will be constructed to a dimension of 10’x10’ using G.I. sheet roofing with electricity connection and with an internal road width of 2.0 m. Basic amenities include 245 nos of street lights and 288 nos of public fountains have been proposed and sanitation facility containing 48 nos of toilets and bathrooms have been proposed. The detailed map of proposed amenities in the transit shelters is given in Annexure – IV.

SOCIAL ASSISTANCE TO TRANSIT SHELTERS Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4.21 The stakeholders opting for relocation to the transit site or for self relocation shall be provided with financial assistance in accordance with the guidelines issued by the TNSCB as shown in Table. -66- Table 4.5: Financial Assistance for shifting and rental purpose S. Description Assistance Description Amount No. Shifting During shifting from present assistance Rs.2,000 1. Transit Site settlement to transit location and ( Residential / towards permanent settlement commercial) During shifting from present Shifting settlement to their preferred assistance location as tenant and towards ( Residential / Rs. 2,000 permanent settlement. commercial) Self 2 X Rs. 1000/- per each shifting 2 relocation At the rate of Rs 1,000 per month Rental Rental allowance from day one of Advances payment of (Rs.10,000) Allowance transit location started to the day of for those willing to accept the rent. ( Residential / the shifting to permanent relocation Adjustable in the monthly rent commercial) for a period of 21 months. payable will be given Source: Ref GO Ms. No. 697 Revenue dept Dt. 06.12.2008

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN

RAPID ASSESSMENT OF TRANSIT RELOCATION PLAN AND TRANSIT SITES 4.22 The Environmental Management Plan is designed to mitigate the likely adverse impacts that may arise during the provision of transit accommodation to the Tsunami affected people, prior to the occupation of newly constructed tenements. It also identifies the post project monitoring requirements needed for successful implementation of the suggested mitigation measures.

PROJECT AREA - LOCATION 4.23 As specified earlier in this report, it is proposed to undertake relocation/ transit shelter activities in five locations. All five locations are within the project site as shown in Table 4.6. Table 4.6: Location for temporary shelters S. Extent Proposed Number of Site Number Location Survey No. No. (in sq. m.) Dwellings 1. I Nochikuppam 7580 pt 3,375 258 2. II Nochikuppam 7581 pt 17,084 1126 3 III** Nochikuppam 7582&7585 part 13,793 1477 4 IIIa Doming Kuppam 7585 pt 4,509 490 5 IV Doming Kuppam 7587 pt 4,900 285 Total 3636 Site III** – under court purview necessary clearance to be obtained before construction Sanitary Facilities: There are 4 units of Sanitation Facilities comprising bath and toilets available totaling 48 seats capacity @ 1 seat for 60 families which will be renovated and will be hand over to the TRP community. In case of any additional requirement TNSCB will discuss with Corporation of Chennai to provide mobile toilets wherever required. Table 4.7: Existing and Proposed Sanitation facilities S. Site Quantity of Sewage Location No. of Dwellings Public Fountain No No Generated in m3/day* 1. I Nochikuppam 258 139 15 2. II Nochikuppam 1126 608 84 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

3. III Nochikuppam 1477 1394 123 4 IIIa Doming Kuppam 490 265 41 5. IV Doming Kuppam 285 1540 25 Total 3636 288 *Note: 1.Water supply at the rate of 135 lpcd and estimated sewage generation will be 80% -67-

Solid Waste management: It is proposed to provide adequate dumper bins taking into consideration of the quantity of waste likely to be generated. The requirements for dumper bins are tabulated below.

Table 4.8: Solid Waste Generation and Management No. of Quantity of MSW in No. of Dumper S. No. Site Number Location Dwellings Tons/day* Bins (1.1 Cu m) 1. I Nochikuppam 258 0.646 2 2. II Nochikuppam 1126 2.816 6 3. III Nochikuppam 1477 3.692 8 4 IIIa Doming Kuppam 490 1.226 4 5. IV Doming Kuppam 285 0.712 2 *Assuming 5 persons per dwelling and 500 gpcd

Public Fountains and Street Lights: It is proposed to provide one public fountain for every 12 families and solar panel Street light will be installed by the Chennai Corporation wherever required so as to keep the entire area illuminated. The requirements are shown in Table 4.9

Table 4.9: Public Fountains & Streetlight proposed in Transit Relocation Plan

S. No. Site Number Location Public Fountain No. of Street lights*

1. I Nochikuppam 15 39 2. II Nochikuppam 84 82 3. III Nochikuppam 123 44 4 III a Doming Kuppam 41 34 5. IV Doming Kuppam 25 46 Total 288 245

IMPACT ANALYSIS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Pre Construction Phase

4.24 TNSCB will ensure adequate precautions through EMP to prevent any adverse impact to the surroundings while preparing the site for construction. All the sides of the site will be provided with windshields/compound walls. TNSCB should obtain from CMWSSB for getting temporary water supply & sewerage connections. Encumbrances such as huts and structures if any identified with in the Project site or affecting the project work will be removed and advance notice will be served to the owners for clearing it. In case of sites owned by other agencies, the necessary permission from the concerned department to use the transit site will be obtained before the TRP construction.

Construction Phase

Impact on Vegetation: All transit sites are devoid of vegetation and hence no impact on vegetation is envisaged. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Impact on Air Quality: The impact on air quality during the construction phase is mainly due to: 1. Transportation of construction materials 2. Loading/unloading of Construction Materials 3. Construction Activities

-68- Transportation: Construction of temporary shelters requires transportation of following raw material: 1. Cement 2. Blue metal 3. Sand 4. Tiles etc.

4.25 These materials are proposed to be transported through trucks covered with tarpaulin or equivalent sheeting to mitigate any adverse impact during transportation. However during unloading of materials such as cement, blue metal and sand, some particulate matter in the form of dust is likely to be generated. Emissions from vehicular movement would also have an adverse impact on air quality. In order to minimize air pollution, blue metal and sand would be wetted before unloading to abate generation of dust. Cement would be unloaded and stocked in the store room. Vehicular movement would be staggered and road surface shall be watered regularly to minimize dust generation.

4.26 Impact on Noise, Water and Soil Quality: Activities such as vehicular movement, unloading of metal, sand etc., are likely to generate noise pollution. In order to reduce noise pollution, vehicular movement is proposed to be staggered in order to minimize the adverse impact on ambient noise level. Adverse impact on water and soil is not envisaged during transportation of materials.

4.27 Construction Activity: Construction activity comprises formation of internal roads, infrastructure provision such as laying of water supply lines etc., and construction of the main structure.

4.28 Impact on Air Quality and Noise Level: Generation of dust during concrete mixing, earthwork excavation for laying of pipelines, foundation of main structures, installation of street lights and laying internal roads is anticipated. Handling of construction materials and concrete mixing are likely to generate greater noise.

4.29 Mitigation Measures: The site is proposed to be provided with wind shields of adequate height along the boundary to abate dust from spreading to neighbouring habitations. The workers would be provided with face mask and other necessary occupational health and safety equipment. These wind shields would act as a barrier for increase in noise levels. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4.30 Impact on Soil: The construction activity is likely to generate construction waste in terms of excavated excess earth, broken tiles, rejected materials and solid waste generated by the construction workers.

4.31 Mitigation Measures: Materials such as excess earth and broken tiles are proposed to be used during the construction of road to reduce the impact on the soil. Rejected construction materials are to be suitably disposed for further re-use. Solid waste is to be collected by providing bins and Corporation of Chennai shall handle disposal of the solid waste. These efforts would ensure that there are no negative impacts on the soil.

4.32 Impact on Water Quality: Water for the construction activity would be supplied through tankers since ground water is not proposed to be utilized/ abstracted. The possibility of adverse impact on water quality therefore does not arise. However, proper disposal of sewage generated by the construction workers need to be ensured.

-69- 4.33 Mitigation Measures: Adequate toilets would be provided and the waste generated would be collected in the existing sewage sump and pumped/ conveyed to the underground sewers.

Operation Phase

4.34 Impacts on Air Quality: Additional prominent activity other than cooking and two wheeler movement which will contribute to air pollutants is not anticipated. However, demolition & construction activities of the main structures would generate dust which may have adverse impact.

4.35 Mitigation Measures: Above activities are not additional activities, hence there will not be any increase in the pollution level in the ambient air. Wind shields provided in order to reduce the adverse impact.

4.36 Impacts on Noise levels: Since the facility does not have any Diesel Generator set(s), possibility of noise generation in this regard is not anticipated.

4.37 Impacts on Soil: Water will be provided to the beneficiaries through public fountains by the CMWSSB and sewage will be generated from the operation phase from toilet blocks and bathing facility. Some sullage will also be generated from washing of utensils and clothes.

4.38 Mitigation Measures: Sewage and sullage generated from the above activities will be disposed into the city sewers through the existing UGSS. Washing area will be concrete paved/lined to abate leaching of any sullage into soil.

4.39 Impacts on Water: Water will be supplied to the beneficiaries by CMWSSB. Likelihood of any adverse impact on groundwater is not anticipated. Since no sewage is likely to be disposed into the soil or groundwater, there will not be adverse impact to groundwater.

Restoration Plan Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

4.40 The restoration of transit relocation site into its original condition should cover the demolishing and dismantling of temporary structures once the affected families have moved into new permanent shelters and should start after two weeks and plan to complete in one month period. Restoration plan should also include disposal of debris and disposal of useful materials such as steel, G.I. roofing materials, doors for reuse and broken hazardous substances such as Bison Panel Board as per hazardous waste rules through designated landfills

Environmental Management Plan for Temporary Shelters (Phase – I & II)

4.41 This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared to mitigate the potential and/or possible adverse environmental impacts that may arise during the construction and operation phases of the proposed Temporary (Transit) Shelters for the tenements to be reconstructed between Nochikuppam to Srinivasapuram along the Marina Beach, Chennai.

Pursuant to review, corrections and approval by pertinent authorities, the finalized EMP shall be enclosed as part of the Tender Document and upon selection of the Successful Contractor, shall also be appended to the Contract Agreement. Notwithstanding the compliance requirements specified herein, the Contractor shall comply with all pertinent guidelines, norms, codes and standards.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India - -70-

Table 4.8: Environmental Management Plan for Temporary Shelters Sl. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility No.

I. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1. Planning & Design Proper siting, preparation of layout map, Consultation with beneficiaries/ stakeholders TNSCB design of type and area of shelters and repair of existing sanitation facilities.

2. Clearances -- All pertinent environmental and CMDA related clearances for the layout and area required TNSCB during construction shall be ensured and made available before start of work.

3. Environmental Parameters -- Baseline parameters not necessarily limited to Air, Water and Noise shall be measured/ TNSCB/ Contractor established before commencement of work. Adequate measures to control Air/Noise/Water/Soil Pollution and other parameters shall be planned for implementation/ adoption.

II. CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1. Site Handover -- After Conclusion of agreement between TNSCB and the Contractor TNSCB

2. Site clearance/ leveling Air Pollution due to excavation and movement Sprinkling of water to reduce dust generation. All vehicles, equipment and machinery to be Contractor of earth-mover vehicles engaged for construction shall conform to the relevant Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Norms and relevant emission/safety norms and/or standards. Water Sprinkling Frequency: • Earth-Work Excavation – Daily before commencement of work • Building Materials – ƒ Unloading - materials such brick, metal and sand shall be wetted before unloading. ƒ Material Handling – materials would be wetted before handling. • Concrete Mixer – Mixer drum, sand and metals shall be wetted before every use. • Internal Roads – to be wetted twice a day (morning and afternoon) Providing windshields & Water sprinkling to be included as incidental item in the contract and the contractor will be responsible

3. Transportation of building Air pollution a) Vehicles transporting construction materials prone to fugitive dust emissions should be Contractor materials due to emissions covered. b) Trucks carrying sand should be provided with tarpaulin sheets to cover the bed and Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India - -71-

Sl. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility No. from sides of the trucks. construction c) Idling of delivery trucks or other equipment should be avoided during loading and machinery and unloading. movement of d) Sprinkling of water (for materials such as blue metal, sand and brick) before unloading to suppress dust generation. Vehicles. e) Development of alternate access routes to the site f) By-passing residential areas to avoid air pollution.

4. Operation of construction Air ise Pollution a) All construction vehicles should comply with emission standards and be maintained Contractor machinery properly b) Providing wind shields along the boundary of the site to abate the dust carry-over to the neighbouring areas. c) Ready mixed concrete should be used wherever possible. d) Sprinkling of water on metal & sand should be carried out before handling

5. Formation of roads and Air Pollution due to excavation, refilling during a) Excavation - Sprinkling of water to minimize dust emissions Contractor laying of water and pipe laying and road formation. b) Wetting of sub-surface and raw materials before handling. sewerage pipelines

6. Construction of shelters Air Pollution during fabrication a) Using readily built (pre-fabricated) partitions. Contractor b) Construction residues such as metal cuttings/shavings, wood, packaging material and containers shall be disposed following the applicable legal requirements for reuse or for recycling wherever possible.

7. Construction of common Air Pollution during construction a) Wetting of soil before trench excavation Contractor toilet, bathrooms and b) Wetting of brick, metal and sand before handling wash area. c) Usage of readily built partitions wherever possible d) Construction residues such as metal cuttings/ shavings, wood, packaging material and containers shall be disposed following the applicable legal requirements for reuse or for recycling wherever possible.

8. Water -- The contractor shall source the requirement of water ensuring the water quality requirements Contractor for construction purpose. The contractor shall need to comply with the requirements of the local bodies. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India - -72-

Sl. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility No.

9. Sand The contractor shall obtain from approved sand quarries for use in the project. Contractor

10. Labour Requirements The contractor shall use un-skilled labour drawn from local communities if available. Strict Contractor adherence to avoid child labour in any form of work should be followed at the construction site and camp sites.

11. Workers Camp Water supply and Sanitation a) Shall provide adequate drinking water and sanitation facilities and obtain sewer Contractor connection to discharge the sewage/ sullage into underground sewerage system. b) Garbage generated shall be collected by providing adequate collection bins and be disposed through the Corporation of Chennai in accordance with prevailing and applicable requirements.

Health & Safety a) Workers shall be provided with necessary occupational health and safety equipment Contractor such as protective face mask, head gear, eye shields and safety gloves etc.

12. Environmental Monitoring -- Air, Water, Soil and Noise quality to be monitored at least once in accordance with applicable Contractor norms during construction as indicated under table 5.9.

III. OPERATION PHASE

1. Water Supply -- a) Water will be supplied by CMWSSB. CMWSSB/TNSCB b) Rain Water Harvesting Facilities for water recovery and re-charging purposes to be included in the proposal.

2. Sewage Treatment & -- a) Sewage shall be discharged through proper network. CMWSSB/TNSCB Disposal

3. Solid Waste Collection & -- a) Segregation at source by adopting a two-bin system By Stakeholders/ Disposal b) Providing adequate dumper bins. CoC c) Disposing through CoC for treatment and disposal. d) The TNSCB has already obtained the permission to dispose the unusable building debris in Corporation of Chennai dumping ground at Kodungaiyur

4. Shifting of people -- Cost incurred towards : TNSCB • Shifting of household & livelihood articles

5. Health Care Facility -- Public Health Centre to be provided Public Health Department Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India - -73-

Sl. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility No. Department

6. Environmental Monitoring -- Air, Water, Soil and Noise quality to be monitored as indicated under table 5.9. TNSCB

7. Dismantling/ Demolition of Air and Noise Pollution due to dismantling and All equipment and vehicles should comply with emission standards and be maintained Contractor Temporary Shelters and demolition and transportation including properly Disposal loading of materials for final disposal Providing wind shields along the boundary of the site to abate the dust carry-over to the neighboring areas. Sprinkling of water on should be carried out prior to dismantling/demolition for dust suppression Providing occupational health and safety equipment to workers involved in the activities

Demolition of Temporary Shelters and Disposal

The guideline for the disposal and reuse of the debris generated during the demolition of temporary structures has been already detailed in the EMP.

The TNSCB has already obtained the permission to dispose the unusable building debris in Corporation of Chennai dumping ground at Kodungaiyur Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -74- Sampling Stations for Environmental Monitoring as per the EMP

Criteria for Selection of Sampling Stations:

4.42 The stations for environmental quality monitoring have been chosen based on the likely impacts that the project construction is to have within and around the project site. A total of 20 stations have been chosen for air, water, soil and noise quality monitoring, with the number of stations distributed as 4 stations around the area periphery and one station within the area, totaling to 5 stations in each area has been envisaged. A total of 3 areas in Phase-1 i.e. Area-1: Nochikuppam (Site- 1) and Nochinagar (Site-2) Area-2: Dommingkuppam (Site-3) and Selvarajapuram (Site-4) and Area-3: Foreshore Estate (Site-5) and one area i.e. Area-4: Srinivasapuram (Site-6) in Phase – 2 has been selected for monitoring. The stations are positioned based on the area categorization under the phases.

4.43 Air Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the ambient air in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas.

Water Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the water quality in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas. The stations will focus borewells and other water sources with stations as mentioned below:

4.44 Soil and Noise Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the soil and noise quality in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas. The stations will focus borewells and other water sources with stations as mentioned above. In order to monitor and abate adverse impacts on the surrounding environment, due to the construction of permanent shelters, monthly monitoring of air quality has been proposed. Due to the likelihood of misuse of sanitation and common facilities in temporary shelters resulting in possible adverse impacts on soil and water, monthly monitoring has been proposed to initiate remedial steps before the soil and water is impacted. Details of the indicative budget for implementation of the EMP are given in table 5.2 under Chapter 5. The operation phase of temporary shelters and the construction phase of permanent shelters are simultaneous activities in the same area and hence separate budgetary provisions for the operation phase of temporary shelters has not been included.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-75- 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.1 The Environment Management Plan consists of mitigation measures for each item wise activity to be undertaken during the construction, operation and the entire life cycle to minimize adverse environmental impacts as a result of the activities of the project. It also delineates the environmental monitoring plan for compliance of various environmental regulations. It states the steps to be taken in case of emergency such as accidents at the site including fire. This includes mitigation measures and cost requirement for both the phases.

Focus Areas

Under the EMP following areas have been focused.

Land Environment

• Plan to abate any significant land disturbance resulting in erosion, subsidence and instability. • Alteration of natural drainage system. • Plan to handle and dispose excess earth during construction phase. • Plan to handle construction debris and other wastes during construction phase, waste water ‘and solid waste during operation phase.

Water Environment

• Ground water yield studies. • Waste water treatment & Disposal • Solid waste Management.

Air Environment

• Mitigation measures during handling of building materials such as cement, sand etc during construction phase. • Management of vehicular movement during construction phase. • Traffic Management measures.

Socio-Economic Aspects

• Providing temporary shelters with basic amenities close to the existing site. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Provision of access to the basic requirements such as ration, fuel, education, health, transport etc.

Building Materials

• Use of energy saving building materials. • Utilization of renewable resources for the project. -76- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR PERMANENT SHELTERS (PHASE-I & II)

5.2 This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared to mitigate the potential and/or possible adverse environmental impacts that may arise during the pre-construction, construction and operation phases of the proposed permanent Shelters for the tenements to be reconstructed between Srinivasapuram to Nochikuppam along the Marina Beach, Chennai. The overall implementation of the EMP shall be the responsibility of the TNSCB. The PMC shall coordinate the EMP in consultation with the TNSCB/Contractor for effective implementation.

5.3 The finalized EMP shall be enclosed as part of the Tender Document and upon selection of the Successful Contractor, shall also be appended to the Contract Agreement. Notwithstanding the compliance requirements specified herein, the Contractor shall comply with all pertinent guidelines, norms, codes and standards.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -77- Table 5.1: Environmental Management Plan for Permanent Shelters S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility I. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Planning & Design Proper siting, preparation of layout map, Consultation with beneficiaries/ stakeholders TNSCB design of type and area of shelters, boat repairing, recreation, community hall, Proper Planning and Design of these facilities taking into account the guideline Internal water supply, sewerage, solid waste values for Water Supply, Sewerage and Solid Waste Management as prescribed management, internal roads, street lighting, in the Manual for Water Supply and Sewerage and as in the Manual for Solid vehicle parking, green belt development, rain Waste Management. water harvesting, storm water management, Common facilities identified which are likely to be affected shall be arranged to be Solar powered lighting for Street Lights. relocated and site for relocation and cost of compensation Shall be finalised Provision of adequate space or alternative arrangements for shops to meet the requirement of affected shopkeepers Design of layout plan taking in to consideration of creek and other permanent structures adjacent to the project site by providing adequate spaces 2. Clearances -- Layout and Floor Plan approval from the CMDA for the construction and operation TNSCB phase applicable for permanent structures. Environmental Clearance for construction projects from SEA shall be obtained. Consent to establish and consent to operate from TNPCB shall be obtained. Open Space Requirement (OSR) and Floor Space Index (FSI) requirements and all the other guidelines as per the CMDA norms prescribed for the location shall be followed including internal water supply (dual plumbing) arrangements and provision of STP.

Clearances include under • CRZ Clearance for the projects falling under the CRZ-II category. • Environmental Clearance for the proposed project under the EIA Notification, 2006 • Consent from TNPCB for establishment and operation under the Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 and Air (P&CP) Act, 1991. • The project has to be cleared with respect to the project from the CMDA for the establishment and operation. • Consent for Operation from the TNPCB after ensuring proper permission for the discharge of sewage to the UGS of CMWSSB. • Consent for Operation from the TNPCB after ensuring proper permission for Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -78-

S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility the discharge of sewage to the UGS of CMWSSB. • Project proponent shall contact the CoC for providing adequate garbage bins and community bins for handling the municipal solid waste.

3. Environmental -- Baseline parameters not necessarily limited to Air, Water and Noise shall be TNSCB/Contractor Parameters measured/ established before commencement of work. Adequate provisions to control Air/Noise/Water/Soil Pollution shall be provided for implementation/ adoption. II. CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Site Handover -- After Conclusion of agreement between TNSCB and the Contractor TNSCB 2. Site clearance/ leveling Demolition of Existing Structures Sprinkling of water to reduce dust generation. All vehicles, equipment and Contractor Removal and Disposal of Debris generated machinery to be engaged for construction shall conform to the relevant Bureau of during the Demolition of Existing Structures Indian Standards (BIS) Norms and relevant emission/safety norms and/or at the project site. standards. Water Sprinkling Frequency: • Earth-Work Excavation – Daily before commencement of work • Building Materials – ƒ Unloading - materials such brick, metal and sand shall be wetted before unloading. ƒ Material Handling – materials would be wetted before handling. • Concrete Mixer – Mixer drum, sand and metals shall be wetted before every use. • Internal Roads – to be wetted twice a day (morning and afternoon) The contractor will be responsible for Water sprinkling Provision of face masks, goggles and helmets for construction workers during demolition. Provision of Wind shields with supporting structures around the site boundary to a necessary height to abate dust entering the neighborhood. Debris Handling: Construction & Demolition Debris needs to be handled and cleared at once as a part of effective management of Construction & Demolition waste. Management options for Construction & Demolition debris include reuse, recycling and disposal of other materials.

Storage of materials: • Segregated construction and demolition materials can be stored on the project site in compartmentalized dumpsters labeled for concrete and bricks Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -79-

S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility project site in compartmentalized dumpsters labeled for concrete and bricks, metals, wood, plastics, and other materials. Disposal: Air Pollution during demolition and removal • Leftover debris such as concrete and brickbats can be disposed of debris commercially for reuse / filling low lying areas in consultation with the CoC. • Leftover rigid insulation can be used as ventilation baffles in attics or installed into house envelopes at joist header assemblies. Recycle materials: Air Pollution during site clearance • Many construction and demolition wastes can be recycled into new materials. • Glass, Wood, Steel, Aluminum, Copper, and Brass can be disposed commercially. • Other scrap, such as plastic, electric cables can be disposed off commercially. Air Pollution due to movement of earth- moving vehicles Sprinkling of water during stacking and loading into trucks. Sprinkling of water every time before commencement of work.

Staggering of vehicular movement within the project site. All vehicles, equipment and machinery to be procured for construction shall conform to the relevant Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Norms and relevant emission/safety norms and/or standards. Wetting of internal roads to be carried out periodically.

3. Transportation of Air pollution due to a) Vehicles transporting construction materials shall conform to the emission Contractor building materials • Emissions from transportation vehicles standards laid down by the SPCB. • Transportation of Building Materials b) Trucks carrying building materials such as sand, brick, metal and cement shall be covered to prevent dust leaving the vehicle. c) Idling of vehicles shall be avoided within the project area to prevent emissions during this period. d) Development of alternate access routes to the site e) By-passing residential areas as far as possible to avoid air pollution. 4. Operation of Air & Noise Pollution a) All construction machinery such as excavators and concrete mixers using Contractor construction machinery liquid fuel shall conform to the emission norms of SPCB and that the AAQ in and around the site shall conform to NAAQS. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -80- S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility b) Ready-Mix concrete shall be used for all large-scale concreting brought from approved plants. c) Concrete mixer shall be used for small concreting works and for mortar preparations only. d) Concrete Mixer should be operated atleast 30 m away from the neighborhood colonies. e) Sprinkling of water on metal & sand should be carried out before handling f) Concrete mixing drum shall be wetted before every use. 5. Earth-work excavation Air Pollution due to excavation and refilling a) Excavation – Water sprinkling shall be carried out daily before Contractor for foundation, commencement of work formation of roads and b) Wetting of sub-surface and building materials such as blue metal before use. laying of water and c) Provision of Wind shields with supporting structures around the site boundary sewer lines. to a necessary height to abate dust entering the neighborhood. d) Use of excess excavated earth within the site for site leveling and road formation as far as possible. e) Disposal of excess excavated earth for filling of low-lying areas in consultation with the CoC. 6. Construction of Air Pollution due to handling of construction a) Wetting of soil before trench excavation Contractor permanent shelters materials and Noise Pollution during b) Wetting of brick, metal and sand before handling Vehicular movement, Construction Activities c) Use of Ready Mix Concrete for all large concreting activities. (During fixture of doors, windows, electrical d) Smaller concreting activities shall be carried out within the constructed areas wiring, internal water supply etc.) to avoid residual impacts if any outside the project area. e) Sprinkling of water on metal & sand should be carried out before handling. f) Construction residues such as metal cuttings/shavings, wood, packaging material and containers shall be disposed following the applicable legal requirements for reuse or for recycling wherever possible. g) Workers should be provided with ear muffs and safety shoes and gloves. h) Construction activity shall be restricted between 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. as far as possible. i) To avoid complaints from surrounding residential areas 7. Construction of Air Pollution during construction j) Wetting of soil before trench excavation Contractor common facilities k) Wetting of brick, metal and sand before handling l) Usage of readily built partitions wherever possible m) Workers should be provided with ear muffs and safety shoes and gloves. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -81- S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility 8. Laying of Internal Air Pollution & Noise Pollution during Wetting of soil before trench excavation Contractor Roads and Storm compaction of road surface. Wetting of brick, metal and sand before handling Water Drainage Workers should be provided with ear muffs and safety shoes and gloves. Facilities 9. Water -- The contractor shall source the requirement of water ensuring the water quality Contractor requirements for construction purpose. The contractor shall need to comply with the requirements of the local bodies. 10. Sand The contractor shall draw sand from approved quarries for use in the project. Contractor 11. Labour Requirements The contractor shall use un-skilled labour drawn from local communities if Contractor available. Strict adherence to avoid child labour in any form of work should be followed at the construction site and camp sites. 12. Workers Camp Water supply and Sanitation a) Shall provide adequate water supply and sanitation facilities and obtain Contractor sewer connection to discharge the sewage/ sullage into underground sewerage system. b) Garbage generated shall be collected by providing adequate collection bins and be disposed through the Corporation of Chennai in accordance with prevailing and applicable requirements. c) Location of sanitation facilities including placement of dust bins shall be proposed away from creek and other permanent structures surrounding the site to prevent misuse of creek and avoid complaints Health & Safety b) Workers shall be provided with necessary occupational health and safety Contractor equipment such as protective face mask, head gear, eye shields and safety gloves etc. c) The Construction Site Safety, Camp Site Management and shall be as per the OHS Guidelines 13. Environmental -- Air, Water, Soil and Noise quality to be monitored periodically in accordance with Contractor Monitoring applicable norms as indicated in table 6.2 III. OPERATION PHASE 1. Water Supply -- a) Water will be supplied by CMWSSB. TNSCB b) Rain Water Harvesting Facilities for water recovery and re-charging purposes. 2. Sewage Treatment & -- a) Sewage shall be discharged into underground sewerage of CMWSSB TNSCB Disposal through proper network. 3. Solid Waste Collection -- a) Segregation at source by adopting a two-bin system By Stakeholders/ & Disposal b) Providing adequate dumper bins. TNSCB/ CoC Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -82- S.No. Activities Environmental issues Environmental Management Measures Responsibility c) Disposing through CoC for treatment and disposal. 4. Library -- Public Library to be provided for the general public. TNSCB 5. Health Care Facility -- Public Health Centre to be provided Public Health Department 6. Shopping Facility -- Adequate number of provisional stores TNSCB 7. Two-Wheeler Parking -- Common vehicle parking facility to be provided TNSCB Facility 8. Environmental -- Air, Water, Soil and Noise quality to be monitored periodically as indicated in table TNSCB Monitoring 6.2. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -83- Sampling Stations for Environmental Monitoring as per the EMP

5.4 Criteria for Selection of Sampling Stations: The stations for environmental quality monitoring have been chosen based on the likely impacts that the project construction is to have within and around the project site. A total of 20 stations have been chosen for air, water, soil and noise quality monitoring, the monitoring locations are indicated below: Air Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the ambient air in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas. • Station – 1: northern direction - light house • Station – 2,3 and 4: Seaward side of the project area • Station – 5 – Near Adyar Creek • Station – 6 – Foreshore Estate • Stations – 7,8,9,10 – Between Kamarajar Salai and site boundary • Stations – 11,12,13,14 – In and around the project site along the western direction within 300 m from the site boundary to identify the shorter and longer distance impacts. Water and Soil Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the water quality in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas. The stations will focus borewells and other water sources with stations as mentioned below: • Station – 1: northern direction - light house • Station – 2,3 and 4: groundwater station: Seaward side of the project area • Station – 5 – Near Adyar Creek • Stations – 6.7,8,– within project site • Station – 9 – Foreshore Estate • Stations – 10,11,12,13,14 – Between Kamarajar Salai and site boundary

Noise Quality: The proposed construction phase of the project is likely to impact the soil and noise quality in and around the project site, thereby impacting the neighbouring areas. The stations will focus borewells and other water sources with stations as mentioned above for air quality. Table 5.2: EMP Budget Description Units Capital Rs. O&M Rs. S. No. Lakhs Lakhs Each. Investment Investment I CONSTRUCTION PHASE – Period of Monitoring - 3 months (Temporary Shelters) 1 Water Supply and Sanitation Providing windshields around the boundary A Water Storage Tank (1,000 lit. capacity ea.) 14 1.40 B Dumper Placer Bins (1.10 cu. m. ea., MS, 2 per site) 14 5.60 2 Environmental Monitoring A Ambient Air - 20 stations 40 1.60 B Soil - 20 stations 40 1.60 C Water - 20 stations 40 1.60 D Noise - 20 stations 80 0.80 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Sub-total Cost - Construction Phase 7.00 5.60 Grand Total Cost 5.60 -84-

CONSTRUCTION PHASE OF PERMANENT SHELTERS & II OPERATION PHASE OF TEMPORARY SHELTERS - Period of Monitoring - 18 months Water Supply and Sanitation – Drinking Water Adequate potable drinking water shall be provided by the contractor by installing water storage tanks of 100 L capacity ea. 1 And the distance between tanks shall not exceed 200 m Sanitation Each Toilet facility (2 seats – male and female respectively) for every 50 labourers shall be provided by the contractor. Rest shed for labourers during lunch hours Community Bins shall be hired from CoC for the collection of garbage generated from the labour camp. Labour Camp Labour Camp shall be provided with adequate water supply and sanitation facilities with 2 units of toilet facility (2 seats – male and 2 female respectively) and 2 units of bathing facility. Septic tank and Dispersion trench for the treatment and disposal of sewage. Wind shield around the boundary of the site shall be provided by the contractor to prevent misuse of reek and avoid complaints from surrounding habitations 2 Environmental Monitoring – once in three months A Ambient Air - 20 stations 120 4.8 B Soil - 20 stations 120 4.8 C Water - 20 stations 120 4.8 D Noise - 20 stations 240 2.40 Sub-total Cost - Construction Phase 16.80 OPERATION PHASE OF PERMANENT SHELTERS – III Period of Monitoring- 2 Years 1 Water Supply and Sanitation A Dumper Placer Bins (2.50 cu.m. ea.) 12 5.40 Additional Public Conveniences for the benefit of common B 10.00 facilities including shopping (as required)

2 Environmental Monitoring – once in six months b Soil (once in six months) - 20 stations 80 3.20 c Water (once in six months) - 20 stations 80 3.20 Sub-total Cost - Operation Phase 6.40

Total Cost 15.40 28.80

Notes:

o Costs indicated herein are only indicative. Actual costs may vary o Although monitoring schedule/plan is indicated herein, Contractor shall comply with applicable guidelines/norms o Cost for Materials and Goods indicated in Construction Phase (i.e. Water storage tanks, Toilets, Bins etc.) shall be excluded from this total if the same has been adopted in the Project Cost Estimate. o The number of stations has been worked out based on the number of sites with 4 stations along site periphery and one station within the site. o In the EMP budget, a total of 20 stations have been proposed for water quality monitoring which is inclusive of 1 station at Adyar Creek.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

SUSTAINABLE SITE PLANNING – AVENUES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT

5.5 Recommendations for consideration by Client towards planning for the proposed project area also included for reference purposes. -85- • Ambient environment quality - The project design shall ensure that the occupants of sites where the environment is already polluted are safeguarded against the adversities. Pre - construction air, water and noise quality shall be monitored and it shall be ensured that the ambient environment quality is minimally impacted upon by the proposed construction.

The governing standards for air, water and noise are as below:

o Air quality standards as per IS-5182, o Drinking water standards as per IS: 10500-1991 o Construction water standards as per CPWD Specifications o Ambient noise standards as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) o The proponent shall also take suitable measures to ensure improvement of environmental quality (if the ambient standards are not met) through suitable mitigation measures. o Infrastructure - Availability of adequate water, energy, waste disposal and transport network for the sustainability of the project.

Site Analysis and planning

5.6 Site Planning- Site planning must have consideration for efficient utilization of existing resources, i.e., the sunlight, wind etc. It must be ensured that solar access and wind access to neighbouring developments is minimally impacted upon due to the proposed construction. Analysis should be carried out to ensure that there is adequate solar and wind access for the proposed buildings.

5.7 Conservation of soil - Fertility of top soil shall be tested to check appropriateness of top soil preservation and re use. This test is mandatory for sites having area more than 1000 hectares. If suitable, preservation and re use of top soil should be done, as per National building code 2005.

5.8 Landscaping - The existing landscape (e.g. mature trees) must be preserved to the extent feasible, during construction and during use. Sustainable landscape practices should be adopted to ensure erosion and sedimentation control, storm water management, minimized heat island effects and water conservation. Attempt shall be made to minimally disrupt natural site features e.g. landforms, contours etc.

5.9 Health and well being of construction workers- Minimum level of hygiene must be maintained over the site by providing the basic services in terms of safe drinking water supply, sanitation facilities, etc. Construction safety norms as recommended by National building Code shall 2005 be followed.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Water Demand Management

5.10 Building (Internal) Demand Management

• Water availability: Water demand for the building (internal use only) shall not exceed limits as defined by the National Building Code 2005. • Quality of water - The water quality for drinking purposes shall meet standards defined by IS 10500-1991 and water quality for other uses shall meet CPCB standards. • Fixtures - Low flow/ dual flushing devices should be used for water closets.

-86-

Landscape water quality

• Quality of water - Quality of water for gardening should meet quality standards as per IS 11624-1986

Wastewater

• Separation of grey and black water - Separation of grey and black water must be done by the use of dual plumbing line for separation of grey and black water. • Treatment - The treated waste water shall meet with CPCB standards for discharge. The grey and black water must be piped in separate line and there must be 100 per cent treatment of grey water and re use for flushing, gardening etc. • Rainwater harvesting - Storm /rain water control and re use is mandatory and the system must be as per Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS standards) for reuse in various applications.

Rainwater harvesting system

5.11 A rainwater harvesting system comprises components of various stages - transporting rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration, and storage in tanks for reuse or recharge. The common components of a rainwater harvesting system involved in the aforementioned stages are: Catchments, Coarse mesh, Gutters, Conduits, First- flushing, Filter (charcoal water filter, sand filter, Dewas filters) Filters for large rooftops, Storage facility, Recharge structures(Rainwater may be charged into the groundwater aquifers through any suitable structures like dugwells, borewells, recharge trenches and recharge pits) The total quantity of rain water proposed to be harvested in the project area is stated in the table below:

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

S.No. Name of Total Road Developed Total Rainfall Quantity of Rain Villages plinth area area (mm) Water Harvested area (MLD) 1 Area-I 49269 864 50133 1200 0.06 2 Area -II 6880 1404 8284 1200 0.01 3 Area-III 32394 1908 34842 1200 0.04 4 Area-IV 21452 4680 26132 1200 0.03

Managing Transport, Noise and Air Transportation (Internal) Plan

Hierarchy of Road • The road pattern and hierarchy must meet with the standards as recommended by Indian Road Congress (IRC)

Traffic Calming measures • Traffic calming measures must be taken in all the sensitive zones to reduce noise and air pollution, and to improve safety. -87- • Safety for vulnerable road users - The traffic system must be made safe for vulnerable road users by providing footpath, bicycle track, foot- over bridges and subways and ramps. Traffic system must be accessible and usable for people with disability. • Entry and exit design - The entry and exit to the site should be designed with precision so as to ensure that the development does not disturb traffic on adjoining/abutting Street. • Parking norms - The metropolitan cities in India must follow the Parking policy as defined by latest master plan for Delhi. The other cities should follow the norms given in the NBC, i.e., National Building Code 2005 / UDPFI Guidelines/local building bye laws, whichever is higher.

Site Transportation (During construction/ demolition)

• Norms for Emission - Construction equipment and heavy duty vehicles must conform to pollution norms as per CPCB. Adequate measures to reduce air and noise pollution during construction should be taken. CPCB norms and standards should be followed in this aspect.

Waste Management

5.12 Construction and Demolition Waste

• Onsite Provisions - There must be adequate space for separate storage of waste on construction site. Along with this, on site pre processing of collected waste through grinding and pulverizing must be given adjoining to the storage areas.

Municipal Waste

5.13 Storage facilities - There must be provision for the collection of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste. Waste from households to be segregated at source Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

by the stakeholders. Community level space for separate dustbins as per land use pattern and class of city should be provided. Disposal - Suitable waste disposal technique should be planned and implemented.

Hazardous Waste

5.14 Storage facility - There must be a permanent and durable space for collection and disposal of paints, asbestos dust and other hazardous wastes.

E-waste

5.15 Storage facility - E-waste is generated occasionally, so there must be provision for its storage at community or group level. Depending upon the office type, the developer or owner must make a long time contract with the manufacturer of electronic items supplier or the recycling industry for sending the wastes. Architectural design must include the space for storage of e-waste, according to the type of office, and e-product usage.

Energy conservation

5.16 Solar Passive Architecture • Strategies- The climatic zones have been defined by the National Building Code 2005. Passive strategies as required in the specific climatic zone should be applied. -88- • Day lighting- BIS standards for day-lighting design should be followed.

Building Envelope requirement • Roof design - Roof should meet prescriptive requirement as per Energy Conservation Building Code (download from www. bee-nic. in) by using appropriate thermal insulation material to fulfill requirement. • Walls - Opaque wall should meet prescriptive requirement as per Energy Conservation Building Code, which is mandatory for all air-conditioned spaces. Vertical fenestration should comply with the maximum area weighted U-factor as per Energy Conservation Building Code which is mandatory for all air-conditioned spaces. • Vertical fenestration - Vertical fenestration should comply with maximum area weighted SHGC requirements to meet prescriptive requirement as per Energy Conservation Building Code by use of appropriate solar control strategies. • Skylights - Skylights shall comply with the maximum U- factor and maximum SHGC requirements to meet prescriptive requirement as per Energy Conservation Building Code by use of efficient glazing material to reduce heat gain through skylight. • Glazing - For all day use buildings glazing products must have the minimum visual transmittance (VT), defined as function of WWR, where Effective Aperture >0.1, equal to or greater than the Minimum VT requirements and to meet prescriptive requirement as per Energy Conservation Building Code.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Building Lighting Demand Management

• Lighting load - Lighting load must not exceed the specified light power densities (for the specific building type or space function) as per Energy conservation Building Code. Use of energy efficient lamps, luminaries and electronic ballasts is recommended to achieve the desirable LPDs • Lighting equipment for common areas - Energy efficient lamps (e.g compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) or energy efficient tube lights which use electronic ballasts) should be used for internal, Common Area and Exterior Lighting. • Day lighting controls - Use of maximum day lighting is mandatory for day use buildings by day linking lights in day lit areas (by use of daylight sensors) to avail energy savings. • Lighting level - Minimum level of lighting should be maintained as per NBC 2005.

Water heating

• Service water heating by use of renewable energy sources (e.g. solar) should be done as per Energy Conservation building Code.

Building Electrical System

• Power loss in transformers - Power loss in transformers should be minimized as per Energy Conservation Building Code by use of transformers constructed with high quality grain oriented silicon steel and virgin electrolytic grade copper • Electric motors - Electric motors must ensure the standards given by Energy conservation Building Code by use of energy efficient motors. • Power factor - Power factor must be maintained as per Energy conservation Building Code by use of auto power factor correction relays. • D.G. Sets - Diesel generating sets must meet the norms of CPCB. Suitable stack heights shall be provided as recommended by the CPCB. -89-

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND CAPACITY BUILDING

Institutional Framework

5.17 Development of environmental protection and enhancement measures in India has been determined to a considerable extent by the central legislation. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), set up in 1980, is the controlling institution in this regard. The other institutions at the state levels that have a bearing on environmental management and regulations are discussed below.

Role of TNSCB

5.18 TNSCB has to ensure whether proper standards are met during reconstruction, and that rebuilding of houses is approached through a participatory approach that focuses on habitat development as an important goal. To this end, the TNSCB has to develop Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

technical guidelines and conduct capacity building workshops for officials and civil society organisations to promote safe homes and introduce appropriate building technology & sanitation models. It has also facilitated periodic assessments, consultations and studies, as well an extensive ‘stocktaking’ process to monitor quality and advise the government. The following parameters would form a part of the capacity building activities:

• A strategy / approach of Habitat planning • Innovation in Technology and processes (for eg. Innovations in building elements, comprehensive provision of services/amenities, conduct of social audits) • Infrastructure provision (water/sanitation, solid waste, renewable energy etc) • Evidence of community participation during planning and implementation • Capacities built of communities to manage habitat resources (Operation and maintenance) • Efficacy of implementation strategies (cost, time, quality) • Capacity building and education for water system management and handling, rehabilitation of water and sanitation equipments; • Private sector capacity boosted rehabilitation of agricultural and fishery activities in conflict affected areas, • Creation of hatcheries private network and pilot models; • Micro-credits for small business, • Economic and informal education assistance for internally displaced people, • Capacity building for women, as well as • Support to the improvement of the legal framework.

Role of PMC

5.19 TNSCB will avail the services of a PMC consulting firm for implementing the transit site relocation plan. The consulting firm shall monitor and prepare reports for submission to the TNSCB and The World Bank. The consulting firm shall also conduct periodic reconnaissance surveys and questionnaire based surveys to monitor the provision and maintenance of infrastructure facilities.

The key Tasks of PMC on the social side but not limited to:

• Continued interactions with the beneficiaries to prepare them for smooth transition to manage their apartment buildings; -90- • Establish and manage database for tracking implementation progress in shifting and delivering the entitlements; • Oversee the implementation of Environment and Social management plans which are now under finalization • Ensure that both transit and permanent houses are fully ready in all respects before the shifting takes place • Promote Self Help Groups / Cooperative Societies for enhancing their livelihood opportunities and management the apartment buildings Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Formulate the details for post resettlement assistance and support including exist strategy • Prepare periodical reports on implementation progress and • Document the lessons learned and implementation experiences

The detailed objectives and tasks of PMC are presented in Annexure-XIII

TNSCB Develop technical guidelines and aid in overall coordination of the project activities

Contractor PMC The contractor shall be Responsible for the responsible for the coordination periodic monitoring implementation of project activity of project activities.

Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

5.20 The TNPCB is the nodal body involved in monitoring the various industries and infrastructure related development projects from the angle of pollution control. It also formulates and stipulates the various standards for the various emissions, discharge of effluents, by-products and pollutants into the environment.

5.21 The functions of the TamilNadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) include advising the State Government on water pollution issues, enforcement and monitoring Water (P & CP) Act, 1974, Air (P & CP) Act, 1981 and Environmental Protection Act, 1986, co- ordinating the activities of the district offices of the pollution control board. In the process of monitoring, the TNPCB also issues “No Objection” Certificates (NOC) for establishment of new projects, environmental clearance of projects and conducting public hearing with respect to developmental projects. It also issues consent letters and NOC for projects involving expansion. The project site would come under its purview. The Project would require No Objection Certificate and clearance from the TamilNadu Pollution Control Board under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.For large scale construction activities, an EIA (Environment Impact Assessment) is required, and needs clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). The TNPCB conducts environmental awareness programs as a part of the Board’s activities. -91- Local Body Administration

5.22 According to the Development Control Rules enforced by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) and the Chennai City Municipal Corporation (CCMC) Act, 1919 governed by building Rules revised upto 1972 enforced by the Corporation of Chennai (CoC), it is mandatory that any new development with in a local body administrative limit should get necessary approvals for its compliances with the minimum planning and building standards prescribed by the respective department. The site falls Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

with in the limit of Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority administrative limit and hence would require such approval for the proposed development.

Capacity Building

5.23 According to the Emergency Tsunami Reconstruction Project (ETRP), there are five major components and this particular component of Technical Assistance and Training will finance technical assistance and capacity building for housing reconstruction including preparation of detailed project reports, services in connection with land management, preparation of resettlement layouts and related infrastructure plans i.e.

• Capacity Building that will include capacity building for district government through technical assistance, formal training, on-the-job training, and, in limited instances, support to institution building and for budgeting processes and training of masons; • Community Participation aiming at ensuring the involvement of the affected communities, especially the most vulnerable groups, in planning, deciding and implementing the housing reconstruction program • Technical services in connection with land management and resettlement layouts, • Preparation of social and environmental management plans; • Studies to develop fisheries policy; • Identification of possible new forms of livelihoods in coastal villages; • Updating CRZ management plans; • Studies for assessment of the vulnerabilities and longer term issues and the needs associated with coastal zone protection and hazard risk management, and especially the vulnerabilities with the project area;

There are four activities that will contribute to building the capacity of the targeted beneficiaries:

• Self-Help Group Training — to provide group members with skills to overcome problems together, and support their business development. • Small Business Enterprise Training — to develop entrepreneurship skills and support the development of small businesses. • Finance Management Training — additional component of capacity building for the beneficiaries who have begun their small businesses; and • Apprenticeships in Handicraft — twenty participants will be selected to receive training in handicraft production.

-92- Description of Activity Centres:

The Business Skills Centre will support employment and entrepreneurship programs through: developing leadership skills Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Implementing training courses in accounting and bookkeeping, business planning, product differentiation and costing, hotel management and housekeeping, food and beverage operations, career counseling, CV / résumé writing, and interview preparation • Offering internships, work placements and apprenticeships • Upgrading skills to stay in tune with changing job markets; and • Offering mentoring programs.

The Women’s Enterprise Centre will support employment and entrepreneurship through • Handicraft skills training, sewing classes, tailoring courses • Assessing the potential for tourism activities • Training in hand painting; T-shirt printing; weaving courses; online marketing; • Identifying potential overseas buyers; and • Encouraging cottage industries. In addition, the program will support job and apprenticeship placements and provide technical assistance to young business entrepreneurs. • Solid waste Management Training

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

-93- 6 RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

6.1 The Resettlement Implementation Plan (RIP) provides various policy provisions, and entitlements available for mitigating the impacts associated during resettlement with further descriptions on the resettlement implementation arrangements. Thus RIP is aimed at realizing the ultimate objective of Social safeguard as per the ETRP objectives and also ensures that the project affected people are provided with housing and assistance for the losses inorder to enable them to improve or retain their living standards that existed prior to the impact.

Objectives

6.2 The objective is to improve the overall living standards of the communities to be resettled. This is proposed to be achieved by adopting the following measures: • To provide compensation to project affected for loss of assets. • To prepare an action plan for delivery of compensation and assistance prior to resettlement. • To establish implementation procedures including monitoring and evaluation to track the timely progress of implementation.

Stages in RIP

The RIP consists of the following elements: • Screening and social impact assessment • Preparation of resettlement and rehabilitation entitlements • Census survey of the Project affected Families • Public Consultations and • Preparation of RAP

6.3 The entire programme will be implemented over a period of 18 months (intermittent). Each entitled unit (family/persons) will be issued an identity card that will list the support mechanisms and amount of assistance to be given. The Work Plan for Implementation of RAP is given in Annexure IX. The PIU will be established exclusively for the purpose of implementing the Resettlement Plan. However if there is any delay in implementation due Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

to unforeseen circumstances, the period of PIU will be extended accordingly. The implementation of the Resettlement Plan involves the following activities: • PIU Internal proceedings, • Imparting training to the staff to be involved in implementation, • Disclosure of RIP • Constitution of GRC & Data base • Obtain option for Rental • Issuing identity cards to beneficiaries, • Disbursement of R&R assistance, • Construction and allotment of Temporary shelters, • Construction and allotment of Permanent shelters -94- • Impact evaluation

Construction of Permanent Structure in Phase I

6.4 The Construction of Permanent shelter for the Tsunami Affected people in Phase I is proposed in three locations. The following table depicts the number of permanent shelters and the area of each site.

Table: 6.1 Construction of Permanent Structure in Phase I Area of No of Site Area each Survey S.No. Location Permanent Ownership Details (Hectare) shelter No. Shelters (Sq.m ) 7577 & 1 SITE-1 Nochikuppam 3.3264 1452 33.20 TNSCB 7580 Dommingkup 7585 pt & 2 SITE-2 1.8300 828 33.20 TNSCB pam 7587 pt

Fore shore 7587 pt & 3 SITE-3 2.8223 992 33.20 TNSCB Estate 7588 pt Total 7.9787 3272 Source: TNSCB

Disclosure and Public Information Centres (PIC):

6.5 The Selected Beneficiary list will be disclosed in the website of the TNSCB: (www.gotn- tnscb.org.in) for the benefit of the stakeholders & general public. The beneficiary list will also be displayed at the offices of Executive Engineers (Div- Central, TNSCB) & Superintendent Engineer (Tsunami, TNSCB), Chennai. This will facilitate to help counter rumours and prevent distress and to assist in preparation for relocation to new sites Public Information Centres (PIC) ƒ The PIC will be set up in the TNSCB office ƒ One dedicated staff will be in project implementation unit and one for the project site ƒ A brochure with all the entitlements will be prepared in both Tamil and English and widely distributed, specifically to the PAPs at the time of distribution of Identity Cards ƒ All the relevant documents, in local languages will be kept for PAPs access ƒ All genuine grievances of the PAPs will be addressed to the best ability and the decisions will be communicated through letter in local language. ƒ All discussions will be recorded and will be summarized in project monitoring reports. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ƒ In the Public information centre, Resettlement Action Plan, R&R Policy and eligible list of beneficiaries along with details of entitlements for different category of impacts will be disclosed. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -95-

PHASING OF RIP

6.6 The following phasing has been proposed by TNSCB for the resettlement of the project affected families.

Phase I : Nochikuppam and Nochi Nagar, Dommingkuppam and Selvarajapuram & Foreshore Estate (Bhavanikuppam, Rajiv gandhinagar, Nambikkai Nagar & Mullaima Nagar)

Phase II : Srinivasapuram

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR RIP

6.7 A well-defined institutional arrangement and implementation mechanism is very important for timely and successful implementation of any plan. The success or failure of a Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) programme predominantly depends on the officers responsible for its implementation. Therefore it is appropriate to define the type of institutional arrangement and implementation mechanism proposed for the R&R programme.

6.8 The Resettlement outcome depends on the quality of implementation. The following are the actions needed for successful resettlement implementation and the foremost step is to ensure that the implementing agencies are ready by means of :

• Explaining the key features of the resettlement plan to the key project staff in TNSCB and all the staffs working in the resettlement implementation i.e. by means of bringing the operation level staff together for intensive training at a project launch workshop. • Relating the resettlement implementation schedule to adequate staffing levels at various stages and making the PIU operational staff aware of organisational and resource needs in advance • Equipping the staff of TNSCB, PIU and before implementation begins • Activating the implementation co-ordination mechanism and the close co-ordination of several government agencies for the PIU TNSCB • Continuous consultation with beneficiaries – If a long gap between the planning and implementation stages occurs, the needs and priorities of beneficiaries may change requiring some modifications in the resettlement program • Updating the census and socio-economic survey, if necessary – if there is more than 2-3 years lapse time between the stages of census and socioeconomic surveys and the beginning of resettlement implementation.

Implementation Authority

6.9 The Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board will be responsible for the implementation of the Resettlement Plan. The TNSCB will constitute Project Implementing Unit which will be headed by the Executive Engineer, Special Division central TNSCB, who is responsible for coordination of all components of resettlement. The PIU will be staffed with an Officer exclusively for Resettlement and Rehabilitation in the rank of Assistant Executive Engineer. The AEE-RR will be supported by one Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -96-

Community Development Officer and Community Officer with experience in consultation and relocation activities, for a period of three months (intermittently) or till the end of the implementation of the RP. Local SHGs and PMC should be involved in the compensation process and their roles and responsibilities in R&R implementation could be clearly spelt out so as to avoid any discrepancy. Compensation should be paid for the structures and rental assistance or shifting allowance in accordance to each beneficiary. Information on Transit Relocation sites (temporary shelter) should be displayed with the details of common facilities and duration and time of water distribution through public fountains, daily clearance of garbage and the role of the allottees to keep the area free from adverse environmental impacts. Once the construction of permanent shelter is completed relocation of allottees shall be performed following the procedures as laid down.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -97- Organisation Structure of Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board

CHAIRMAN

MANAGING DIRECTOR

CHIEF ENGINEER

SE, ETRP Projects SE, ETRP Monitoring

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ETRP C1

AEE

AE Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -98- Institutional Framework for the Implementation of RIP

Responsibilities

TNSCB Executive Engineer (ETRP Spl. Dvn. Central 1 Overall Coordination of RIP Project Implementation Unit (PIU) Officer (R&R) – AEE (Spl. Dvn. Central 1)

Community Development Community Officer Consultation & Officer (CDO) Relocation activities

Local SHG’s & PMC

Compensation Process involvement Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Tamilnadu, India -99-

RIP facilitation

6.10 Inorder to enforce the implementation process, there is a need for a separate consultant viz: PMC, to ensure that the implementation is in place.

The appointed PMC consultant of TNSCB will be responsible for the following tasks: The detailed tasks of the PMC as per the ToR drafted by TNSCB are outlined in Annexure – XIII.

(a) Continued interactions with the beneficiaries to prepare them for smooth transition to manage their apartment buildings; (b) Establish and manage database for tracking implementation progress in shifting and delivering the entitlements; (c) Oversee the implementation of Environment and Social management plans which are now under finalization (d) Ensure that both transit and permanent houses are fully ready in all respects before the shifting takes place (e) Promote Self Help Groups / Cooperative Societies for enhancing their livelihood opportunities and management of tenements. (f) Formulate the details for post resettlement assistance and support including exit strategy (g) Prepare periodical reports on implementation progress and (h) Document the lessons learned and implementation experiences.

Community Participation for Implementation of RIP

Grievance Redressal Mechanism

6.11 The redressal of grievances within the timeframe requires a two level committee and the RIP has proposed one at the board and the second at the state level. It is essential that these grievances shall be addressed at the earliest opportunity in accordance with the Government guidelines of the ETRP project to the satisfaction of the aggrieved. For this a two level grievance redressal mechanism is proposed one at TNSCB Board level and other at State levels which are described below, where in the officers involved in the implementation of project on site one unit specifically included.

TNSCB Board level Grievance Redressal Committee

The following are the members proposed in the first level redressal committee

• Chairman - Secretary, TNSCB • Member – Special Deputy Collector of Chennai Collectorate • Convenor – Chief Community Development Officer • Member – District Revenue Officer, TNSCB • Member – Superintending Engineer, TNSCB • Member – Assistant Secretary, Tenements Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -100- TNSCB Board level Grievance Redressal Committee

State Level (Appellate) Grievance Redressal Committee

The following members form a part of the State Level Grievance Redressal Committee

• Chairman – Officer on Special Duty, (OSD), Tsunami, CMA, Chennai • Member – Joint Secretary /Additional Secretary – Housing • Member – R&R, Joint Commissioner, ETRP, Chennai.

6.12 Any aggrieved beneficiaries will be directed to approach the TNSCB Board Level Grievance Redressal Committee through Project Engineer, TNSCB. The Project Engineer will submit it to the Chairman, (Secretary, TNSCB) at the first level. The committee will consider the grievances and communicate the decision to the beneficiaries. Further of the beneficiary is not satisfied, may approach the State level Appellate Grievance Redressal Committee, Chennai through Officer on Special Duty, TSUNAMI, who is Chairman of the Grievance Redressal authority in the CMA office at Chepauk, Chennai. Petitions received will be acknowledged within 7 days from the date of receiving the petition. The action taken on the grievance will be communicated to the aggrieved beneficiaries through registered letter within 30 days from the date of receipt of the petition. The project affected person can go through these two levels of grievance re-dressal forum available to the beneficiaries and if not satisfied can appeal in the court of law. Step-by- step process for registering and redressing of grievances, response time, communication modes, mechanism for appeal and the provisions to approach civil courts in case of other provision fail will be disseminated. These will be prepared in the local language and distributed to all the beneficiaries at the time of issuing biometric identity cards. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final- 101Report- Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Community participation is envisaged in the following manner during the implementation of RAP: • At the first level for disseminating the information on the entitlements package. • Second level participation will be ensured through reaching agreements on the compensation and assistance and finalizing the project affected through issue of ID Cards • The third round involves the disbursement of compensation and assistance amounts when the actual resettlement process is initiated after obtaining the approval of the PIU.

Plan for Continuous Participation

6.13 Follow-up consultation will be held prior to the resettlement. The stake holder’s workshops would be conducted; the incorporation of issues raised in the earlier consultations shall be explained to the beneficiaries in details.

Co-ordination with civil works

6.14 The PIU / TNSCB will be responsible for coordination of civil works and the RP for timely relocation of the beneficiaries. The PIU will be responsible for the overall co- ordination of RP and will ensure that the construction of tenements are completed and all related amenities are in place before advising the beneficiaries to relocate to the tenements allotted to them. The PIU will also ensure that the western side of the site is adequately safeguarded during the construction phase of the project to reduce the adverse the environmental impacts to the public residing adjacent to the boundary.

Training and Development of Staff

6.15 Few training activities are proposed to be conducted during the project to strengthen the PIU. These training programmes will cover subjects such as policy framework, identification and verification of beneficiaries, public consultations, resettlement action plan, compliance, and coordination with civil work.

Monitoring and Evaluation of RIP

6.16 Concurrent monitoring is the main mechanism for alerting management to delays and problems in implementation. The objective of concurrent monitoring is to identify implementation problems and success as early as possible so that the implementation arrangements can be adjusted. The overall monitoring and reporting framework provides a routine flow of information from the field to the headquarters of the implementation agency. The concurrent monitoring will be carried out by Resettlement & Rehabilitation AEE and reviewed by PIU on quarterly basis /as per project needs. Monthly progress report out lining the details of RIP activities and current status shall be submitted to the monitoring committee of the Tsunami Cell of the TNSCB. Based on the monthly progress reports, review meetings will be conducted to review the progress and take appropriate steps for successful implementation. An indicative format is annexed in Annexure VIII as Format 1A and Format 1B. -102- Baseline Characteristics for Impact Monitoring

6.17 The Baseline characteristics for monitoring the impact during post resettlement period are Type of House, Income, Occupation, Access to Basic Amenities and Material Assets. Though sizeable numbers of beneficiaries are involved, the impact to the beneficiaries Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

is one and the same and hence TNSCB itself can carry out the concurrent monitoring. A consultant will be appointed who would undertake an impact evaluation, six months after the implementation of the RP. TNSCB will monitor the R&R activities and prepare monthly progress reports in terms of physical and financial indicators and submit the same to the Special Officer, ETRP/TEAP. In addition, the monitoring process will also look into the communication and reactions of beneficiaries, use of grievance procedures and information to beneficiaries on benefits, options and implementation timetable. The progress report will be reviewed by the PMU. For the impact evaluation the consultant would collect primary data from the beneficiaries and compare the same with the BSS data collected. Some of the key socio-economic indicators that would be used to assess the success of the project are listed below:

• Type of dwelling unit • Size of dwelling unit • Access and quality of basic amenities such as water, electricity, toilet, separate kitchen, and • Income levels.

Economic Rehabilitation Measures in RIP

6.18 The resettlement and rehabilitation measures are clearly spelt out in the ETRP document in such a way that the beneficiaries are safeguarded and ensured that their pre-project status are restored and improved where ever possible. The key features are:

6.19 Firstly, eligible the tenants and tsunami affected persons (non tenants) would get permanent shelters. Secondly, the replacement cost for affected area of structure calculated (based on PWD scheduled rates) without depreciation ( for the structure whose value exceeds the unit cost of alternate built house, the balance will be given as assistance. Thirdly, those who lost their livelihood i.e. shops (owner, tenants, squatters and encroachers) will be provided with adequate compensation as laid down.

The following are the provisions made in the entitlement matrix for the various impact groups. The entitlement matrix is presented in Annexure-VI.

Compensation for Structures / Livelihood

6.20 All the eligible families residing in project affected areas shall be provided with Built House free of cost in the proposed site. In the event of the cost of the alternate housing1 being less than the value of the existing structure then the difference in the value shall be provided as financial assistance. Wherever the tenants are living, the tenants will be eligible for tenements; allottees and owners of the structure are eligible for compensation. If the original allottees / owner are also residing in the same structure, the-103 cash- compensation will alone be given to the original allottees/ owner deducting the value of the present tenement. Space will be allocated in and around the project area for the shop owners to carry out their livelihood instead of compensation.The cost of the structures is estimated based on the type of structure, area of each structure and as per PWD Guideline value with out depreciation. The compensation to be paid are shown in the Table 6.2

Shifting Allowance

6.21 The Government of Tamilnadu in GO MS NO. 697/ Revenue (NC IV-1) Department dated 6.12.2008 prescribed one time shifting allowance of Rs. 1000/- for shifting the

1 * Unit cost of the alternate built house is estimated to be Rs. 4,54,700/-. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

family. However the beneficiaries shall have to shift the family from the present resident to temporary shelters/ rented houses and subsequent shifting to the permanent shelter on completion of construction of permanent shelter. World Bank mission suggested extending shifting allowance for each shifting which was agreed to by TNSCB. The budget estimate provision for two times of Rs.1000/- for each shifting is provided. For shifting of shops one time shifting allowance of Rs. 1000/- will be provided.

Rental Assistance

6.22 For the families who opt for rental accommodation during the transition period, each family shall be given cash for rent at the rate of Rs.1000/- per month. An amount of Rs.10000/- as rental advance will be paid immediately which will be recovered in the rent for subsequent months. Rental assistance will be extended were permanent shelters will be ready for occupation.

Proposed Support during transit period for shops for the loss of income

6.23 The following mitigation measures are suggested for the owner of business, for their loss of income during the transit period. Since the period of construction of permanent shelter is expected to complete 18 months. This can be disbursed either quarterly, half yearly to the respective business owners.

Subsistence Allowance:

6.24 If business income is declared and records of Income Tax returns are available, then a cash grant equivalent to the previous year income shall be paid. (Or) If business income details are not available, then a cash grant equivalent to 50% of minimum wages of a day for 18 months will be provided as subsistence allowance (as fixed by the respective District Collector in accordance with Minimum wages fixed by Ministry of Labour under Minimum Wages Act, 1948. and to be revised annually).For this purpose Rs. 50/- per day per person is proposed as subsistence allowance for the shop owners considering the average minimum wages of Rs, 100/- per day. The necessary provisions are shown in the Table 6.2

Economic Rehabilitation assistance to Medium / Large/Special Shops etc., 6.24(a) It was observed that there are some Medium, Large and Special Shopkeepers with shops being utilized for running business such as fabrication works , Push cart Ice cream vending, Fabrication of steel furniture etc., in the Project Area. To address the Rehabilitation concerns of these shopkeepers, the Tamilnadu Slum Clearance Board has formulated a separate rehabilitation assistance consisting of alternative temporary-104 site- during the transit period along with subsistence allowance and two times shifting allowance in addition to the compensation to be paid to the structure already occupied by them. Under this rehabilitation assistance it is proposed to provide assistance to both the owners and leassee or the sub-leassee. The details are furnished in Annexure VI-A.

In case of Nochinagar, there are about 13 shops which were allotted by TNSCB to various persons and they are running business such as steel fabrication, furniture works, ice cream vending etc., from these shops. For these and such similar cases also, the assistance as detailed above will be provided. (Annexure VI-B)

Costs and Budget Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

6.25 The following table (Table 6.2) gives the estimated cost for the Resettlement Action Plan for Nochikuppam and Nochinagar area. The costs are based on the information collected during baseline social survey, like type of structure with area and the unit rates for entitlements are based on the ETRP social safeguard policy. The construction of temporary shelter of 3636 Nos. works out to Rs. 169.28 million. And the construction of permanent shelter for 3272 units’ works out to Rs.1487.77 the total cost of RAP is estimated Rs. 1708.10 million. This cost estimate does not include PMC payments; payment to M&E Consultants and administrative expenses involved in implementing this RIP and has been provided for all sub-projects under RAP. The schedule of activities /work plan under RIP has been annexed in Annexure – IX. The competent authority for granting the financial approval is the empower committee constituted by the GoTN. The TNSCB will place the project report before the Empower committee for obtain the financial sanction for this budget as detailed below. The costs for construction of temporary shelters, Permanent shelter and other compensations need to be extended are shown in table 6.2 below.

Table 6.2: Budget Estimate y t

Sl. i Amount t Compens Unit n

No. Component a (a) in Rs in Remarks

u ation Cost

Q Million Construction of temporary shelters at Marina with amenities like a. internal electrification, PC unit, 3636 46,558 169.28 septic tank and sand gravel mix road, etc Construction of stilt + 4 storey permanent shelters at Marina with amenities like cement concrete b. 3272 4,54,700 1487.77 road, sewerage arrangements, development of parks & play grounds etc Compensation for Structures (Huts, Houses and Buildings –Owner &Tenants) c.

Nochikuppam & Nochinagar 13 0.95

23 Nos - Compensation to Dommingkuppam & 0 - be given to the owners as Selvarajapuram, this tenants are eligible for Foreshore Estate 10 0.16 unit house Sub-total (tenants) 23 1.11 Per family will be getting Shifting Allowance: two time, house shifting For Families 3463 1,000 X 2 d. 6.92 allowance.

Shops one time shifting For shop 99 1,000 -105- 0.1 allowance. Rent at the rate of Rs.1000/- per month for about 21 months from the eligible beneficiaries, the Rs. 1000 list of people in category III e. Rental Allowance 1007 for 21 - 22.15 & IV had been deleted and months in the remaining No. of families, after accounting for 1532 temporary shelters Phase I, the No. has been arrived as 1007. Rs. 50 / 50% of daily min wages f. Subsistence Allowance 99 shops 2.67 day (Rs.100) for 18 months Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Alternate new community Community Assets: assets will be constructed Place of Worship 3.00 by the committee and Church – 3 no handed over to the local g. School - 3 14 community Temple – 6 no 10.0 For the reconstruction of Mosque – 1 no the common facilities Community Hall – 1 affected h. Sub total (a+b) 1657.05 Escalation purpose Sub total (c+d+e+f+g+h) 50.74 i. Contingency@10% 5.07 Grand Total R&R Cost 1708.10

Note: (a) Unit cost given by TNSCB Officials (b) As per the ETRP policy, for those structures whose value exceed the unit cost (Rs. 4, 54,700/-) of alternate built house* the excess of cost will be given as assistance and the owner of the super structure will get the cash assistance towards super structure.

Consultation and Participative Process

6.26 Experience indicates that resettlement and rehabilitation programmes generally give rise to problems for the affected population. Whatever the mechanism adopted and whatsoever the compensation given, displacement is a traumatic experience. Therefore appropriate consultation on the implementation plan and participation of affected population in decision making will improve the understanding of their needs, resources and preferences. This will help in reducing reluctance and thereby increase the reception of the project.

6. 27 Consultations have been held at the time of carrying out the baseline socio- economic survey, Focus group discussions with the Nochinagar and Nochikuppam community regarding the transit relocation sites and the approval of type design.

6.28 Further, a public consultation was held on June 25, 2007 to seek the views and preferences of the community with regard to the project. Elected representatives of the local people, the revenue authorities, and officials from TNSCB, Project Consultant, and the R&R Experts were the attendees.

6.29 On 20.07.08 public consultation with the residents of Nochikuppam and Nochinagar was held to arrive at a consensus regarding the type design. About 60 Project Affected Persons participated in the meeting. Meeting was chaired by the M.D., TNSCB and the officials from TNSCB, study team from Community Consulting India (CCI) and Gherzi PMC Consultant were present for the discussion. It was used as an opportunity to explain to the beneficiaries about the site layout, the Type Design including plan of single unit, interior and exterior views of proposed unit and details of existing and proposed tenements. It -was106 - highlighted that the proposed tenement area has provision for community facilities (viz) Library, Ration Shop, Community Hall, Nursery School, Society office, Vocational Training Centre and space for weaving fishing net. The community agreed to accept the type design and received the project. The consultation and the details were annexed as Annexure III.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

6.30 in addition there were public consultation with village leaders held on Dec 15, 2008 Dommingkuppam, Selvarajapuram &, Dec 16 & 19, 2008 Foreshore Estate to discuss about the categorisation, selection of beneficiary and finalise the beneficiary list.

6.31 During implementation, periodic consultations will be held to obtain their preference and their views will be taken into consideration in deciding the facilities that require up-gradation. It is proposed to disseminate the policy provision available to the affected population through distribution of brochures and convening group/village level meetings. Further, it is proposed to hold periodic discussions during the implementation to take appropriate decisions and overcome the operational difficulties.

Allotment Process & Title Deed Registration – Suggested Eligibility Guidelines

• The new housing should be allocated on the basis of clearly defined criteria (see chapter -1.4.1) that the resettlers should understand. The proposed resettlement in the marina site is multi storied housing. • Preference shall be given for individual allottees of more than 75 years age and physically challenged. • Once the priority treatments are accommodated, others should be allocated housing on the basis of either consensus within the community or a transparent, random process of allocation. • Initially allotment order will be issued to the beneficiary indicating jointly in the name wife and husband including flat no & address through the prescribed format form – 14 in annexure 11 • As per the TNSCB norms, the issue of title deed will be issued by TNSCB only after the completion of stay by the beneficiary for 5 years in the same tenement

Common Facilities and strategy for construction

6.32 Committee comprising the representatives of the local people, PMC and the TNSCB has been formed to identify the site for affected common facilities. The common facilities likely to get affected due to the implementation of project are detailed in Table 6.3. The land for reconstruction is yet to be identified in the wake of the elevated express highway project compensation will be paid before taking up the construction activity. Compensation will be paid to the respective administrative committees for the affected common facilities like temples, church and mosque for reconstruction as proposed in the budget before demolition.

Table: 6.3: Community Assets S. Place of Anganwadi Community No. of common Name of the Village No. Worship Schools Hall Property Nochikuppam & 1 4 2 0 6 Nochinagar Dommingkuppam & 2 3 0 0 3 Selvarajapuram Foreshore Estate 3 3 1 1 5

Sub-total 10 3 1 14 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India -107- Strategy for management of new housing

6.33 The strategy for the management of new housing will be formulated and implemented by the PIU as per the RIP and this strategy will give adequate training to the staff of PIU in handling the operation and maintenance of all components of the new housing infrastructure and also detail the cost involved for the same.

Envisaged Role of Self Help Groups

The role of SHGs in smooth implementation of RIP is; • SHGs participation: Involvement of SHGs in the design and implementation of displacement and resettlement process can reduce passivity and quicken the pace of adaptation. • SHGs choice: Providing SHGs with options increase the likelihood of fit with their group preference and aptitudes. • Development of SHGs human capital: Small business training, job skills development and internships are among mechanisms that encourage entrepreneurial activities of build confidence in alternative occupations. • During the construction phase, Giving SHGS group hiring preference in construction jobs (if the SHGs shown interest) provides income for some families during their difficult time when their livelihoods are disrupted. If properly managed, the hiring program can also impart job skills that SHGs can continue to use after construction ends.

Management of Transit Shelters

6.34 TNSCB may avail the services of appointed PMC consulting firm for management of transit site. The consulting firm shall monitor and prepare reports for submission to the TNSCB and The World Bank. The consulting firm shall also conduct periodic reconnaissance surveys and questionnaire based surveys to monitor the provision and maintenance of infrastructure facilities.

Data base management

6.35 The software for database management has been developed by the PMC with Visual Basic as front end and MS Access as back end tools. The details on the database management are given in Annexure – XII.

6.36 Appropriate formats have been developed and finalised for entering/updating the R&R data in the PIU. Thus the entered/updated R&R data will be analysed periodically to monitor the activities and for making quick decisions. The data shall be used to monitor day to day activities of beneficiaries & Grievance mechanism and generate periodical reports and disbursements of entitlements.

Relocation Database/ Index

6.37 The relocation database /beneficiary list should be properly stored in PIU-TNSCB. The database should be properly index so that retrieval is made faster. The census and inventory supplemented as necessary with data from socio economic surveys are used to establish baseline information on household income, livelihood patterns, standards of Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

living and productive capacity. This baseline information constitutes a reference point against which income restoration and the results of other rehabilitation efforts can be measured. Proper documentation of consultations, case studies, good practices,-108 lessons- learnt can be used and replicated in the next phase of implementation. These materials can be very much useful for giving training and capacity building to the staffs for inter and intra departments in resettlement. The details on the database management are given in Annexure – XII.

Post resettlement support details

6.38 TNSCB is therefore keen to ensure that the beneficiaries are organised as self-sustaining communities and manage their newly acquired assets and institutions within a certain timeframe. Post-resettlement intervention can be made by providing training, capacity building (Capacity Building Initiatives are outlined in the previous chapter) to enhance organisational capacity of resettled individuals (leaders) and groups in order to enable them to address physical, financial, social, economic and environmental issues relating to resettlement. The suggestions are carried out and revised as follows.

• Capacity Building should be in line with the re-construction activities including: • Training of Self Help Groups for their Skill improvement. • Guidelines for Maintenance of temporary shelters by the beneficiaries. (Dos and Don’ts can be specified) • PMC carry out orientation programmes for co-operative societies and their member’s roles and responsibilities. • PMC should also train the community in the maintenance of permanent shelter by the respective block owners for repair works and operation and maintenance for water supply, solid waste, common lights etc. • PMC should also evolve parameters required for project evaluation once the project been completed • Extend support for strengthening institutional management of co-operative societies in the context of existing legislation on management of co-operative societies and apartments; • Carry out training for financial and organisational management including book keeping (including revenue collection, payment of utility bills, building of maintenance funds, etc.) • Strengthen management and administration of community of revolving fund • Install mechanisms for ensuring transparency and accountability in the society management process; • Carry out training programs for skill development in order to enable the most vulnerable beneficiaries (esp. poor women headed families) to undertake income generating activities • Promoting micro-credit and micro-enterprise activities through women self help groups(SHGs); • Identifying and developing marketing networks for strengthening income generating activities; • Drawing up strategies for strengthening incomes of vulnerable and low income residents especially women headed households and sharing the same with concerned beneficiaries;

Exit strategy for the implementation agency

6.39 The exit strategy of TNSCB with the help of PMC includes:

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

• Preparation of photo bio metric card used for allocation and overall monitoring of project implementation, handing over of the Permanent Shelters to the community stakeholders for self-management, their federations, women groups, and others. -109- • Ensure that the allotted person is occupying the permanent shelter and also certify the availability of potable water supply, electricity, sewerage connection, solid waste management facilities and other common facilities. Community Development Wing of TNSCB along with the PMC will be involved to a greater extent in handing over the Permanent shelters to the allottees. • Ensure that the user fees like water charges, sewerage and electricity charges shall be arrived and communicated to the allottees.

• Ensure that the Dumper bins for the collection of solid waste would be placed at appropriate locations by the CoC.

• Development of site specific task framing and allocation of responsibilities through community participation to be undertaken by formal and informal institutions for sustainable self-management of Permanent Shelters by the Allottees and their co-operative societies after project closure;

• The overall maintenance of the Basic amenities such as water supply, roads and drainage shall be the responsibility of TNSCB. Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE –I a. Environmental Monitoring – Stations & Results b. Environmental Quality Standards c. Adyar Creek Flora and Fauna Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India a. Environmental Monitoring Stations and Results

Baseline Environmental Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Stations Table 1.0: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations S.No Location Name Location Code Direction Distance in km 1. Srinivasapuram A1 - - 2. Domming Kuppam A2 - - 3. Nochi Nagar A3 - - 4. Ekambaram Street, Mylapore A4 NE 0.8 5. TNSCB Building A5 N 0.8 6. Chitrakulam A6 SW 1.5

Table 2.0: Water Quality Parameters pH Colour Taste Odour Conductivity Turbidity Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Volatile Solids (TVS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Chemical Oxygen Demand (C.O.D.) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) Oil & Grease Chloride as Cl Sulphate as SO4 Fluoride as F Alkalinity as CaCO3 Total Hardness as CaCO3 Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Sodium as Na Potassium as K Phosphate as PO4 Residual Chlorine Percent Sodium Ammoniacal Nitrogen Total Nitrogen (as N) Sulphide ( as S) Cyanide ( as CN) Arsenic (as As) Selenium (as Se) Aluminum (as Al) Mercury (as Hg) Silver (as Ag) Copper (as Cu) Boron (as B) Barium (as Ba) Nickel (as Ni) Cadmium (as Cd) Iron (as Fe) Chromium (as Cr) Zinc (as Zn) Free Ammonia and Phenolphthalein Alkalinity

Table 3.0: Water Quality Monitoring Stations S.No Location Name Location Code 1. Bore well at Srinivasapuram W1 2. Hand pump at Srinivasapuram W2 3. Drinking water at Fore Shore Estate W3 4. Bore well at Domming Kuppam W4 5. Open Well at Nochi Nagar W5 6. Hand Pump at Ekambaram Street Mylapore W6 7. Bore well at Employment Office W7 8. Bore well at Mandhaveli Depot W8 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table 4.0: Marine Water Quality Parameters pH Colour Taste Odour Conductivity Turbidity Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Volatile Solids (TVS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Chemical Oxygen Demand (C.O.D.) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) Oil & Grease Chloride as Cl Sulphate as SO4 Fluoride as F Alkalinity as CaCO3 Total Hardness as CaCO3 Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Sodium as Na Potassium as K Phosphate as PO4 Residual Chlorine Percent Sodium Ammoniacal Nitrogen Total Nitrogen (as N) Sulphide ( as S) Cyanide ( as CN) Arsenic (as As) Selenium (as Se) Aluminium (as Al) Mercury (as Hg) Silver (as Ag) Copper (as Cu) Boron (as B) Barium (as Ba) Nickel (as Ni) Cadmium (as Cd) Iron (as Fe) Chromium (as Cr) Zinc (as Zn) Free Ammonia Phenolphthalein Alkalinity and Total Coliform (MPN/100 mL)

Table 5.0: Marine Water Quality Monitoring Stations S.No Location Location Code 1. Srinivasapuram MW1 2. Domming Kuppam MW2 3. Nochi Kuppam MW3

Table 6.0: Soil Quality Monitoring Stations S.No Location Name Location Code 1. Barren land, Srinivasapuram(Near Devi Karumariamman Koil) S1 2. Barren land, Srinivasapuram S2 3. Garden Soil, Near Fish Market R.A. Puram S3 4. Barren Land, Near Music College S4 5. Barren Land, Nochi Nagar S5 6. Barren land , Fore Shore Estate S6 7. Barren land, Domming Kuppam S7 8. Barren land, Near Bede’s Ground S8

Table 7.0: Soil Quality Parameters pH Total Nitrogen Phosphorus Sodium Potassium Available Magnesium Organic Carbon Grain Size Distribution Textural Class Bulk Density Copper Zinc Nickel Arsenic Iron Cadmium Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table 8.0: Noise Level Monitoring Stations S.No Location Location Code 1. Srinivasapuram N1 2. Domming Kuppam N2 3. Nochi Nagar N3 4. Ekambaram Street, Mylapore N4 5. TNSCB Building N5 6 Chitrakulam, Mylapore N6

Table 9.0: Abstract of meteorology data Wind Speed Wind Relative Humidity Atm. Temp (OC) Rainfall Date (Km/Hr) Direction (%) Pressure (mm) Max Min (from) Max Min Min. Max. (mm/Hg) 01/02.10.07 7.7 1.3 SW 33.5 26.0 64.0 92.0 750 0.8 02/03.10.07 6.5 1.1 NW/SW 32.5 27.0 64.0 88.0 750 0 03/04.10.07 12.7 1.0 NNW 34.0 27.0 51.0 88.0 750 0 04/05.10.07 11.6 1.2 SW 34.0 27.0 54.0 88.0 750 0 05/06.10.07 9.7 1.7 NW 36.0 27.0 49.0 88.0 750 0 06/07.10.07 9.1 1.6 SSW 36.0 27.0 48.0 88.0 750 0 07/08.10.07 9.6 1.1 SW 35.0 26.5 47.0 84.0 750 0 08/09.10.07 13.8 2.2 NW 35.0 24.5 46.0 92.0 750 0 09/11.10.07 8.9 1.9 NW 35.0 24.5 41.0 91.0 750 0 10/11.10.07 10.0 1.4 NE 35.0 26.0 47.0 96.0 750 0 11/12.10.07 8.1 1.0 SSE 33.0 26.0 58.0 96.0 750 0 12/13.10.07 8.3 1.5 NNE 34.0 25.0 51.0 96.0 750 0 13/14.10.07 11.1 1.3 NNE 35.0 25.0 52.0 96.0 750 0 14/15.10.07 9.7 1.1 NE 34.0 24.5 54.0 96.0 750 0 15/16.10.07 9.9 1.2 NE 34.0 24.5 51.0 96.0 750 0 16/17.10.07 12.4 1.1 NNE 33.0 25.0 58.0 96.0 750 0 17/18.10.07 6.9 1.0 SE 32.0 25.5 67.0 96.0 750 0 18/19.10.07 6.9 1.0 SE 32.5 25.0 61.0 96.0 750 0 19/20.10.07 15.0 1.0 NE 33.5 24.5 58.0 96.0 750 0 20/21.10.07 8.8 1.0 NE 32.5 25.5 61.0 92.0 750.0 0.4 21/22.10.07 10.1 1.2 NE 31.0 24.5 61.0 96.0 750 0 22/23.10.07 13.9 1.2 NNE 30.0 24.5 74.0 96.0 750 0 23/24.10.07 12.5 2.8 NNE 31.5 24.5 66.0 96.0 750 3.1 24/25.10.07 11.3 1.0 NE 32.5 25.5 64.0 96.0 750 0 25/26.10.07 11.7 1.2 NNE 28.0 25.5 63.0 96.0 750 0 26/27.10.07 6.9 1.0 NNE 30.0 24.5 85.0 96.0 750 0 27/28.10.07 9.3 1.0 NNE 25.0 24.5 73.0 96.0 750 0 28/29.10.07 23.5 1.2 NNW 30.0 23.0 91.0 96.0 750 0 29/30.10.07 22.8 4.0 NW 29.5 23.5 68.0 96.0 750 0 30/31.10.07 15.2 1.2 NW 33.0 24.5 74.0 96.0 750 0 31/01.11.07 5.7 1.1 NNE 36.0 24.5 55.0 96.0 750 0 Status 23.5 1.1 NNE 36.0 23.0 41.0 96.0 750 3.5

Table 10.0: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (location & bearing directions) Location Distance in S.No. Location Name Direction Code km 1. Srinivasapuram A1 - - 2. Domming Kuppam A2 - - 3. Nochi Nagar A3 - - 4 Ekambaram street, Mylapore A4 NE 0.8 5. TNSCB Building A5 N 0.8 6 Chitrakulam, Mylapore A6 SW 1.5 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table 11.0: Ambient Air Quality Status Unit: µg/m3 SPM RPM SO2 NOx Location Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Srinivasapuram 98 118 41 45 8.0 13.9 12.6 19.2 Domming Kuppam 122 148 61 67 8.6 12.2 14.3 19.3 Nochi Nagar 120 153 63 73 8.1 13.6 12.0 18.8 Ekambaram street, Mylapore 147 168 69 78 9.5 13.3 11.5 16.7 TNSCB Building 183 216 87 98 10.4 14.6 18.7 26.8 Chitrakulam, Mylapore 88 105 40 48 7.0 9.8 8.6 13.2 NAAQ Standards (CPCB) 200 100 80 80 For Residential & Rural area

Table 12.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: Srinivasapuram (A1) Unit: µg/m3 Sampling SO2 NOX Date SPM RPM (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 22 – 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 118 45 9.1 10.8 8.6 16.9 19.2 14.4 13.10.2007 104 44 10.4 13.9 9.1 15.2 15.6 12.6 21.10.2007 98 41 8.6 10.1 8.0 14.6 17.3 13.2 29.10.2007 110 44 9.8 11.3 10.6 13.8 16.5 13.3

Table 13.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: Domming Kuppam (A2) Unit: µg/m3 SO2 NOX Sampling SPM RPM 22 – 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 Date (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 136 62 10.3 11.8 9.3 17.9 18.8 15.8 13.10.2007 122 56 9.2 10.9 8.6 16.6 17.5 14.3 21.10.2007 148 67 10.6 12.2 9.7 18.3 19.3 17.5 29.10.2007 131 61 10.0 11.1 8.9 17.0 18.2 15.1

Table 14.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: Nochi nagar (A3) Unit: µg/m3 SO2 NOX SPM RPM 22 – Sampling Date 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 142 68 10.9 12.7 9.2 16.8 18.3 14.2 13.10.2007 136 63 9.6 11.3 8.8 14.7 17.1 12.6 21.10.2007 120 59 8.9 10.8 8.1 13.5 15.9 12.0 29.10.2007 153 73 11.7 13.6 10.6 17.3 18.8 14.7

Table 15.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: Ekambaram Street, Mylapore (A4) Unit: µg/m3 SO2 NOX Sampling SPM RPM Date (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 22 – 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 160 75 11.2 12.2 9.6 14.8 15.3 13.0 13.10.2007 147 69 10.2 10.9 9.5 13.3 14.6 11.5 21.10.2007 154 72 10.8 12.1 9.8 14.1 15.9 13.2 29.10.2007 168 78 12.3 13.3 10.2 15.0 16.7 13.9 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table 16.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: TNSCB Building (A5) Unit: µg/m3 SO2 NOX SPM RPM Sampling Date (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 22 – 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 216 98 12.6 13.9 11.0 24.2 26.8 20.9 13.10.2007 192 92 11.9 13.5 11.2 21.2 24.9 18.7 21.10.2007 208 90 12.2 14.6 11.8 22.9 25.9 19.2 29.10.2007 183 87 11.3 12.9 10.4 20.6 23.3 19.6

Table 17.0: Ambient Air Quality Data Location: Chitrakulam, Mylapore (A6) Unit: µg/m3 SO2 NOX SPM RPM Sampling Date (24Hrs) (24Hrs) 06-14 14 – 22 22 – 06 06 – 14 14- 22 22 – 06 (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) (Hrs) 04.10.2007 88 40 7.8 8.4 7.2 10.3 12.5 9.6 13.10.2007 105 48 9.2 9.8 8.5 12.6 13.2 10.7 21.10.2007 96 43 8.6 9.3 7.9 9.8 11.1 8.6 29.10.2007 92 42 8.1 8.6 7.0 9.6 10.9 8.9

Table 18.0: Noise Level Monitoring Stations S. No. Location Location Code 1. Srinivasapuram N1 2 Domming Kuppam N2 3. Nochi Nagar N3 4 Ekambaram Street, Mylapore N4 5. TNSCB Building N5 6 Chitrakulam, Mylapore N6

Table 19.0: Water Quality Monitoring Stations Location S. No. Location Name Code 1. Bore well, Srinivasapuram W1 2. Hand pump, Srinivasapuram W2 3. Drinking water Fore shore estate W3 4. Bore well Domming Kuppam W4 5 Open well Nochi Nagar W5 6 Hand pump Ekambaram street, Mylapore W6 7 Bore well Employment office W7 8 Bore well Near Mandhaveli Bus Depot W8 Table 20.0: Water quality data

Borewell, Hand pump, Drinking water Fore shore Bore well S. No Unit Parameters Srinivasapuram Srinivasapuram estate Domming Kuppam 1 pH - 7.80 7.67 7.69 8.07 2 Colour Hazen <5 <5 8 <5 3 Taste / Odour - Odour less/Salty UO UO UO 4 Conductivity mhos/cm 8980 1290 441 1620 5 Turbidity NTU 14 Nil 19 Nil 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 5569 948 303 1069 7 Total Volatile Solids mg/l 5 Nil 6 Nil 8 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 5 Nil 8 Nil 9 C.O.D mg/l 36 16 17 16 10 B.O.D mg/l 2 - - - 11 Oil & Grease mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 12 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 2714 234 52 300 13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 250 77 23 90 14 Fluoride (as F) mg/l 0.48 0.16 0.14 Nil 15 Alkalinity (as CaCO3 ) mg/l 311 276 115 288 Total Hardness(as 16 mg/l 1014 217 114 518 CaCO3 ) 17 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 125 50 25 166 18 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 169 22 13 25 19 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 1440 171 36 122 20 Potassium (as K) mg/l 210 78 14 18 21 Phosphate (as PO4) mg/l 0.18 0.08 Nil 0.11 22 Residual Chlorine % Nil Nil Nil Nil 23 Percent Sodium mg/l 71.06 54.15 36.92 32.95 24 Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 25 Total Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 0.20 0.30 Nil 0.20 26 Sulphide ( as S) mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 27 Cyanide ( as CN) mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 28 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 29 Selenium (as Se) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 30 Aluminium (as Al) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 31 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 32 Silver (as Ag) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 33 Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 34 Boron (as B) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 35 Barium (as Ba) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 36 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 37 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 38 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.18 0.04 0.66 0.16 39 Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 40 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.24 0.11 <0.01 0.21 41 Free Ammonia mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil Phenolphthalein mg/l 42 Nil Nil Nil Nil Alkalinity

Table 21.0: Water quality data

Open well Bore well Hand pumps Ekambaram Bore well S.No Parameters Unit Near Mandhaveli Street. Mylapore Employment office Nochi nagar bus depot 1 pH - 7.72 7.52 7.10 7.43 2 Colour Hazen <5 <5 8 <5 3 Taste / Odour - UO UO Odour less/Salty UO 4 Conductivity mhos/cm 2170 4020 43600 530 5 Turbidity NTU 8 2 32 10 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 1288 2448 27164 339 7 Total Volatile Solids mg/l 4 Nil 6 4 8 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 4 Nil 8 6 9 C.O.D mg/l 21 42 87 14 10 B.O.D mg/l - - 4 - 11 Oil & Grease mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 12 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 328 426 14413 48 13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 102 560 1752 26 14 Fluoride (as F) mg/l 0.16 0.32 0.93 0.11

15 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3) mg/l 357 552 265 88 16 Total Hardness(as CaCO3) mg/l 414 1056 4718 28 17 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 108 154 398 16 18 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 35 162 894 11 19 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 202 270 7500 32 20 Potassium (as K) mg/l 56 74 1100 19 21 Phosphate (as PO4) mg/l Nil 0.14 0.64 Nil 22 Residual Chlorine % Nil Nil Nil Nil 23 Percent Sodium mg/l 47.53 34.44 72.51 37.36 24 Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/l Nil Nil 0.20 Nil 25 Total Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 0.10 0.20 0.60 Nil 26 Sulphide ( as S) mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 27 Cyanide ( as CN) mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 28 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 29 Selenium (as Se) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 30 Aluminium (as Al) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 31 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 32 Silver (as Ag) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 33 Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 34 Boron (as B) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 35 Barium (as Ba) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 36 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 37 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 38 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.11 0.19 1.49 0.51 39 Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 40 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.06 0.23 0.86 <0.01 41 Free Ammonia mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil 42 Phenolphthalein Alkalinity mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil

Table 22.0: Marine water quality monitoring stations S.No. Location Location Code 1. Srinivasapuram MW1 2. Domming Kuppam MW2 3. Nochi Kuppam MW3 Note: All samples are analyzed as per IS: 7967 – 1976 Norms. (Annexure – IV) Table 23.0: Marine Water Quality Data

S.No Parameters Unit Srinivasapuram Domming Kuppam Nochi nagar Harbour (IS 7967.Norms) 1 pH - 8.17 8.24 8.15 6.5-9.0 2 Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 - No Noticeable Colour / No Offensive 3 Taste / Odour - Odour less / Unobjectionable Odour less / Unobjectionable Odour less / Unobjectionable odour 4 Conductivity mhos/cm 41600 42300 40800 - 5 Turbidity NTU 8 9 7 - 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 25144 25860 24176 - 7 Total Volatile Solids mg/l 4 3 2 - 8 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 4 3 3 No visible SS 9 C.O.D mg/l 78 85 81 - 10 B.O.D mg/l 2 3 4 5.0 11 Oil & Grease mg/l Nil Nil Nil 10.0 12 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 13336 12980 12728 - 13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 1940 1720 1800 - 14 Fluoride (as F) mg/l 0.97 0.63 0.84 - 15 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3 ) mg/l 138 148 127 - 16 Total Hardness(as Ca CO3 ) mg/l 4306 4420 4223 - 17 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 291 282 265 - 18 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 859 890 855 - 19 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 7100 6950 6700 - 20 Potassium (as K) mg/l 980 1110 1000 - 21 Phosphate (as PO4) mg/l 0.31 0.62 0.58 - 22 Residual Chlorine % Nil Nil Nil - 23 Percent Sodium mg/l 73.69 74.08 72.75 - 24 Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/l Nil Nil 0.20 - 25 Total Nitrogen (as N) mg/l 0.40 0.56 0.60 - 26 Sulphide ( as S) mg/l Nil Nil Nil - 27 Cyanide ( as CN) mg/l Nil Nil Nil - 28 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 29 Selenium (as Se) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 30 Aluminium (as Al) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 31 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 32 Silver (as Ag) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 33 Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 34 Boron (as B) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 35 Barium (as Ba) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 36 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 37 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 38 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 1.05 1.18 0.90 - 39 Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 - 40 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.88 0.91 0.94 - 41 Free Ammonia mg/l Nil Nil Nil - 42 Phenolphthalein Alkalinity mg/l Nil Nil Nil - 43 Total Coliforms MPN/100ml 1300 1600 1500 2500 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Table 24.0: Soil Quality monitoring stations Location S.No Location Name Code 1. Barren land, Srinivasapuram (Near Devi Karumariyamman Koil) S1 2. Barren land, Srinivasapuram S2 3. Garden soil, Near fish market R.A. Puram S3 4. Barren land, Near music college S4 5 Barren land, Nochi nagar S5 6 Barren land, Fore shore estate S6 7 Barren land, Domming Kuppam S7 8 Barren land, Near Bede’s Ground S8 Table 25.0: Soil Quality Data

SNo Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1 pH 8.5 8.4 8.2 8.6 8.3 8.4 8.3 8.6 2 Total Nitrogen (mg/kg) 24.88 29.48 36.27 46.74 19.73 16.54 18.14 31.86 3 Phosphorus (mg/g) 0.128 0.096 0.326 0.484 0.166 0.135 0.106 0.194 4 Sodium (mg/g) 0.081 0.069 0.186 0.228 0.056 0.047 0.039 0.055 5 Potassium (mg/g) 0.046 0.056 0.416 0683 0.082 0.066 0.052 0.722 6 Available Magnesium (%) 0.96 1.31 1.81 2.66 1.09 0.84 0.76 1.64 7 Organic Carbon (%) 0.032 0.036 0.091 0.143 0.051 0.064 0.042 0.078

Grain Size Distribution Gravel (%) 6.0 8.0 2.0 1.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 8 Sand (%) 38.0 36.0 24.0 19.0 44.0 46.0 42.0 38.0 Silt & Clay (%) 56.0 56.0 74.0 80.0 51.0 50.0 55.0 59.0

9 Textural Class Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay Silty clay 10 Bulk Density (g/cc) 1.348 1.410 1.692 1.918 1.24 1.183 1.200 1.832 11 Copper (mg/g) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 12 Zinc (mg/g) <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 13 Nickel (mg/g) <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 14 Arsenic (mg/g) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 15 Iron (mg/g) 0.074 0.062 0.136 0.182 0.048 0.056 0.074 0.152 16 Cadmium (mg/g) <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 S1 - Barren land Srinivasapuram (Near Devi Karumariyamman koil) S2 - Barren land Srinivasapuram S3 - Garden soil near fish market Ariyapuram S4 - Barren land near music college S5 - Barren land Nochi nagar S6 - Barren land Fore shore estate S7 - Barren land Domming kuppam S8 - Barren land Near Bede’s Ground Table 26.0: Floral Assessment – List of Herbs found in the Project Area Common Name Botanical Name Srinivasapuram Foreshore Domming Nochi Light University Estate kuppam kuppam House Campus Indian abutilon Abutilon indicum, G.Don. # # # # Green amaranth Amaranthus viridis, L. # Foetid cassia Cassia tora, L # Day Flower Commelina sp. # Acanthaceae Justicia simplex, D. Don. # # # Rubiaceae Oldenlandia biflora, L. # # # # # Grass (Gramineae) Paspalum longifolium, Roxb. # # # # Senega Indian Polygala chinensis, L. # Common Wireweed Sida acuta, L. # Flannel Weed Sida cordifolia, L # Teaweed Sida rhombifolia, L. # Little Ironweed Vernonia cinera, Lees. # Sleepy Morning Waltheria indica, L # Red Hogweed Boerhaavia diffusa, L # --- Borreria hispida, K.Sch. # Giant Red Mustard Brassica sp. # Croton sparsiflorus, Mor # Indian acalypha Acalypha indica,L. # Gunpowder Tree Melochia umbellate, Stapf. # American basil Ocimum canum, L # American Aloe Agave americana, L. # Purple Allamanda Allamanda blanchetii, L. # Indian shot Canna indica, L. # Scarlet Morning Glory Ipomaea coccinea # Obscure Morning-Glory Ipomea obscura, L. # Three leafed Wood Sorrel Oxalis trilifloria # Table 27.0: Floral Assessment – List of Trees found in the Project Area Common Name Species Srinivasapuram Foreshore Dommingkuppam Nochikuppam Light University Estate House Campus Neem Tree Azadiracta indica, A. Juss # # # # Papaya Tree Carica papaya, L. # # # Golden Shower (Indian laburnum) Tree Cassia fistula, L # # Coconut Tree Cocos nucifera, L # # Amla Tree Emblica officinalis, Gaertn # Pipal Tree Ficus religiosa, L # # Mango Tree Mangifera indica, L. # # # Indian Mulberry Morinda tinctoria, Roxb. # # # # # Drumstick Tree Moringa olefera, Lam # # Curry Leaf Tree Muraya konigii, Spr # Anacardiaceae (No Common Name) Odina sp. # # Silver Date Palm or Sugar Date Palm Phoenix sylvestris, Roxb. # # # # Indian Beech Tree or Pongam Tree Pongamia glabra, Vent # # # Black Plum Tree Syzigium jombolanum, DC. # # Teak Tectona grandis, L. # # # Tropical Almond Terminalia catappa, L # # # # Tree Hibiscus Thespesia garckeana F.Hoffm # # # # Portia Tree Thespesia populnea L # # # # Banyan Tree Ficus bengalensis.L # # Night-flowering Jasmine Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. L. # Wodier Tree Odina wodier, Roxb. # Sterculiaceae Guazuma tomentosa, Roxb. # Guava Tree Psidium guajava, L. # Tasmanian blue gum Eucalyptus globulus, Labill # Tamarind Tamarindus indica, L. # Mahua Tree Bassia latifolia, Roxb. # Thespesia sp. # Pride of Barbados Tree Caesalpinia pulcherrima, L. # Bottlebrush Tree Callistemon rigidus, L # Injune Bottlebrush Callistemon sp. # Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

b. Environmental Quality Standards

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Industrial 80 ug/m3 120 ug/m3 80 ug/m3 120 ug/m3 360 ug/m3 500 ug/m3

Residential 60 ug/m3 80 ug/m3 60 ug/m3 80 ug/m3 140 ug/m3 200 ug/m3

Rural and other area

Sensitive Area 15 ug/m3 30 ug/m3 15 ug/m3 30 ug/m3 70 ug/m3 100 ug/m3

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Standard Parameter Values Total hardness (as CaCO3) (mg/litre) 300 Total dissolved solids (mg/litre) 500 Chlorides as chlorine (mg/litre) 250 Colour (hazen) 5 Turbidity (NTU) 5 Alkalinity (mg/l) 200 Calcium (as Ca), mg/l) 75 Boron (mg/litre) 1 Sulphates (as SO4)(mg/litre) 200 Nitrates (as NO3) (mg/litre) 45 Conductivity at 25o C (us/cm) - pH 6.5 - 8.5 Anionic detergents as MBAS (mg/l) 0.2 Arsenic (mg/litre) 0.05 Iron (mg/litre) 0.3 Fluorides (mg/litre) 1 Lead (mg/litre) 0.05 Copper (mg/litre) 0.05 Zinc (mg/litre) 5 Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) (mg/l) 0.001 Cyanide (mg/l) 0.05 Chromium (mg/l) 0.05 6RXUFH ,6 

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Area code Area category Limit in dB (A) Leq Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Daytime Night time TamilNadu, India A Industrial area 75 70

B Commercial area 65 55

C Residential area 55 45

D Silence zone 50 40

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Marina Water Quality Standards

IS:7967 - 1976 Norms Table 1.0 Standard Criteria for Controlling Pollution of Marine Coastal Areas S.No. Parameter IS:7967 - 1976 Norms** 1 pH 6.5-8.5 2 Colour, Hazen units No Noticeable Colour 3 Odour (as perceived) No offensive odour 4 Temperature, oC - 5 Turbidity, NTU - 6 Dissolved Oxygen, mg/l 3.0 7 Salinity, ppt - 8 Electrical Conductivity, umhos/cm - 9 Total Suspended Solids (SS) , mg/l No visible SS 10 Total Dissolved Solids, mg/l - 11 BOD 3 days @ 27ºC , mg/l 5 12 COD, mg/l - 13 Oil & Grease, mg/l 0.1 14 Total Hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l - 15 Calcium Hardness, mg/l - 16 Magnesium Hardness, mg/l - 17 Calcium (as Ca), mg/l - 18 Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l - 19 Sodium (as Na), mg/l - 20 Potassium (as K), mg/l - 21 Chlorides (as Cl), mg/l - 22 Sulphates (as SO4), mg/l - 23 Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/l - 24 Iron (as Fe), mg/l - 25 Fluorides (as F), mg/l - 26 Nitrates (as NO3), mg/l - 27 Phosphates (as PO4), mg/l - 28 Cyanides (as CN), mg/l - 29 Phenols (as C6H5OH), mg/l - 30 Chromium (as Cr), mg/l - 31 Copper (as Cu), mg/l - 32 Aluminium (as Al), mg/l - 33 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l - 34 Arsenic (as As), mg/l 0.2 35 Mercury (as Hg), mg/l 0.001 36 Lead (as Pb), mg/l - 37 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l -

38 Percent Sodium, % - 39 Total Coliforms, MPN/100 1000 40 Faecal Coliforms, MPN/100 ml - 41 E. Coli, MPN/100 ml - 42 Primary Productivity, mg C/m3/day - 43 Phytoplanktons, Nos./l - 44 Zooplanktons, Nos./cu.m -

**: IS:7967 - 1976 Norms-Indian Standard Criteria for Controlling Pollution of Marine Coastal Areas; Harbour-for Harbour Waters & Others-for Bathing, Recreation, Shell Fish and Commercial Fish Culture, Salt Marina Water Quality Standards Manufacture, etc.

Primary Water Quality Criteria For Class SW-I Waters (For Salt pans, Shell fishing, Mariculture and Ecologically Sensitive Zone)

S.No Parameter Standards Rationale/Remarks 1 pH range 6.5-8.5 General broad range, conducive for propogation of aquatic lives, is given. Value largely dependant upon soil water interaction. 2 Dissolved Oxygen 5.0 mg/l or 60 percent Not less than 3.5 mg/l at any time of the saturation value, which ever is year for protection of aquatic lives year higher for protection of aquatic lives

3 Colour and Odour No noticeable colour or Specially caused by chemical offensive odour. compounds odour.like creosols, phenols, naptha, pyridine, benzene, toluene etc. causing visible colouration of salt crystal and tainting of fish flesh. 4 Floating Matters Nothing obnoxious or Surfactants should not exceed an upper detrimental for use purpose. for use purpose. limit of 1.0 mg/l and the concentration not to cause any visible foam. 5 Suspended Solids None from sewage or industrial Settleable innert matters not in such waste origin concentration that would impair any usages specially assigned to this class. 6 Oil and Grease 0.1 mg/L Concentration should not exceed 0.1 (including mg/l as because it has effect on fish eggs Petroleum Products) and larvae 7 Heavy Metals: Values depend on: (i) Concentration in salt, fish and shell Mercury (as Hg) 0.01 mg/L fish. Lead (as Pb) (iI) Average per capita consumption per 0.01 mg/L Cadmium (as Cd)day Cadmium (Cd) (iii) Minimum ingestion rate that 0.01 mg/L induces symptoms of resulting diseases

Source : EPA, 1986 [GSR 7, dated Dec. 22, 1998

Marina Water Quality Standards

Table (b) Primary Water Quality Criteria For Class SW-I Waters (For Bathing, Contact Water Sports and Commercial Fishing))

S.No Parameter Standards Rationale/Remarks Range does notcause skin or eye 1 pH range 6.5-8.5 irritation and is also conducive for propagation of aquatic life. Not less than 3.5 mg/l at any time 4.0 mg/l or 50 percent saturation 2 Dissolved Oxygen of the year for protection of aquatic value, which ever is higher lives year Specially caused by chemical compounds odour.like creosols, No noticeable colour or offensive phenols, naptha, pyridine, benzene, 3 Colour and Odour odour. toluene etc. causing visible colouration of salt crystal and tainting of fish flesh. None in concentration that would Nothing obnoxious or detrimental 4 Floating Matters impair usages specially assigned to for use purpose. this class. 30 NTU (Nephelo Tur- bidity 5 Turbidity Measured at 0.9 depth Unit) The average value not exceeding 200/100 ml. in 20 percent of 6 Fecal Coliform 100/100 ml (MPN) samples in the year and in 3 consecutive samples in monsoon months. Biochemical Oxygen Restricted for bathing (aesthetic Demand (BOD) (3 3 mg/l quality of water). also prescribed days at 27°C) by IS:2296 1974.

Source : EPA, 1986 [GSR 7, dated Dec. 22, 1998

Marina Water Quality Standards

Table (b) Primary Water Quality Criteria For Class SW-III Waters (For Industrial cooling, Recreation (non-contact) and Aesthetics) S.No Parameter Standards Rationale/Remarks The range is conducive for 1 pH range 6.5-8.5 propagation of aquatic species and restoring natural system. 3.0 mg/l or 40 percent 2 Dissolved Oxygen saturation value, which ever is To protect aquatic lives higher None in concentration that would No noticeable colour or 3 Colour and Odour impair usages specially assigned to offensive odour. this class. None in concentration that would Nothing obnoxious or 4 Floating Matters impair usages specially assigned to detrimental for use purpose. this class. Reasonably clear water for 30 NTU (Nephelo Tur- bidity 5 Turbidity Recreation, Aesthetic appreciation and Unit) Industrial cooling purposes. Not exceeding 1000/100 ml in 20 percent of samples in the year and in 3 6 Fecal Coliform 500/100 ml (MPN) consecutive samples in monsoon months. It is desirable to have the (as Fe) collective concentration of dissolved 7 Dissolved Iron 0.5 mg/l or less Fe and Mn less or equal to 0.5 mg/l to avoid scaling effect. Dissolved Manganese 8 0.5 mg/l or less (as Mn)

* Standard included exclusively for Industrial Cooling purpose. Other parameters same.

Source : EPA, 1986 [GSR 7, dated Dec. 22, 1998

Marina Water Quality Standards

Primary Water Quality Criteria For Class SW-IV Waters (For Harbour Waters)

S.No Parameter Standards Rationale/Remarks 1 pH range 6.5-9.0 To minimize corrosive and scaling effect. 2 Dissolved Oxygen 3.0 mg/l or 40 percent Considering bio-degradation of oil and saturation value, which ever is inhibition to is oxygen production higher through photosynthesis. 3 Colour and Odour No noticeable colour or None from reactive chemicals which offensive odour. may corrode paints/metallic surfaces. 4 Floating Matters Oil, 10 mg/L Floating matter should be free from grease and scum excessive living organisms, which (including Petroleum may clog or coat operative parts of products) marine vessels/equipment 5 Fecal Coliform 500/100 ml (MPN) Not exceeding 1000/100 ml in 20 percent of samples in the year and in 3 consecutive samples in monsoon months. 6 Biochemical Oxygen 5 mg/l To maintain water relatively free from Demand (3 days at 27°C) pollution caused by sewage and other decomposable wastes 7 Biochemical Oxygen 3 mg/l Restricted for bathing (aesthetic Demand (BOD) (3 days quality of water). Also prescribed by at 27°C) IS:2296 1974. Source : EPA, 1986 [GSR 7, dated Dec. 22, 1998

Marina Water Quality Standards

Primary Water Quality Criteria For Class SW-V Waters (For Navigation and Controlled Waste Disposal) S.No Parameter Standards Rationale/Remarks 1 As specified by New England pH range 6.5-9.0 Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission. 2 3.0 mg/l or 40 percent Dissolved Oxygen saturation value, which ever is To protect aquatic lives higher 3 None is such concentration As specified by New England that would impair any usages Colour and Odour Interstate Water Pollution Control specifically assigned to this Commission. class. 4 None except for such small solids, amount that may result Sludge deposits,Solid from discharge of refuse floating oil, As in (1) above appropriately treated sewage grease & scum. and/or individual waste effluents. 5 Not exceeding 1000/100 ml in 20 percent of samples in the year and in 3 Fecal Coliform 500/100 ml (MPN) consecutive samples in monsoon months. Source : EPA, 1986 [GSR 7, dated Dec. 22, 1998

Faunal Assessment Adyar Creek

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site 1 TamilNadu, India

List of fauna found in the 58 acres and larger estuarine area

Sl Park Rest of Common Name Scientific Name Estuary Beach No area Creek PISCES: 1 Halavis Guitarfish Rhinobatus halavi P 2 Stingray Trygon sp. P 3 Bloch’s Gizzard Shad Nematalosa nasus P 4 Common Mullet Mugil cephalus P 5 Milkfish Chanos chanos P 6 Marine Catfish Arius sp P 7 Long-whiskered Catfish Mystus gulio P 8 Silver Sillago Sillago sihama P 9 Glassy Perchlet Ambassis commersoni P 10 Deep Pugnose Ponyfish Secutor ruconius P 11 Mojarra Gerres abbreviatus P 12 Horse Mackerel Caranx carangus P 13 Target Perch Terapon jarbua P P 14 Guppy Poecilia reticulata p 15 Egyptian Mouthbreeder Oreochromis mossambica P P 16 Spotted Snakehead Channa pumtatus p 17 Climbing Perch Anabas testudineus P 18 Striped Snakehead Channa striatus P

AMPHIBIA: 19 Common Indian Toad Bufo melanostictus P 20 Painted Kaloula Kaloula taprobanica P 21 Common Tree Frog Polypedates maculatus P

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu,Sl India Park Rest of 2 Common Name Scientific Name Estuary Beach No area Creek REPTILIA: 22 Starred Tortoise Geochelone elegans P 23 Flapshell Turtle Lissemys punctata P 24 Southern House Gecko Hemidactylus frenatus CommunityP Consulting India Private Limited

25 Brook’s Gecko Hemidactylus brooki P 26 Snake Skink Lygosoma punctata p 27 Common Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor P 28 Common Skink Mabuya carinata P 29 Common Ratsnake Ptyas mucosus P 30 Common Green or Vine Snake Ahaetulla nasutus P 31 Indian Cobra Naja naja P 32 Saw-scaled Viper Echis carinata P

AVES: 33 Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger P P P 34 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis P 35 Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia P P P 36 Little Egret Egretta Garzetta P P P 37 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis P 38 Little Heron Butorides striatus P 39 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea P 40 Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii P P P 41 Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha P 42 Black-crowned Night Nycticorax nycticorax P P

Sl Park Rest of Common Name Scientific Name Estuary Beach No area Creek 42 Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax P P 43 Shikra Accipiter badius P P P 44 Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus P P P 45 Black Kite Milvus migrans P P P Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu,46 CommonIndia Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 3 P 47 White-breasted Amaurornis phoenicurus Waterhen P P Community Consulting India Private Limited

48 Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus P 49 Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus P 50 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa P 51 Whimbrel Numenius phaeops P 52 Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata P 53 Common Redshank Tringa tetanus P 54 Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis P 55 Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia P 56 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos P 57 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochoropus P 58 Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinerus P 59 Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus P P P 60 Pacific Golden Plover Pluvias fulva P 61 Caspian Tern Sterna caspia P 62 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis P 63 Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri P 64 Asian Koel Eudynamis scolopacea P P P

Sl Park Rest of Common Name Scientific Name Estuary Beach No area Creek 65 Barn Owl Tyto alba p 66 Spotted Owlet Athene brama p 67 Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis P P 68 Asian Palm Swift Cypsirus balasiensis P P 69 White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smrynensis P P 70 Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis P 71 Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis P 72 Black-capped

Relocation ofKingfisher Tsunami Affected People in Chennai:Halcyon pileata Final Report P Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu,73 IndiaRufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda P 4

74 House Crow Corvus splendens P P P P 75 Thick-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchus P P P P 76 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis P 77 Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer P 78 Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius P 79 Paddy field Pipit Anthus rufulus P 80 Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus P 81 Purple-rumped Sunbird Nectarina zeylanica P 82 Lotens Sunbird Nectarina loteni P 83 House Sparrow Passer domesticus P 84 White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis P P 85 Blue-tailed Bee Eater Merops philippinus P 86 Green Bee Eater Merops orientalis P P

MAMMALIA:

Sl Park Rest of Common Name Scientific Name Estuary Beach No area Creek 87 Three-striped Palm Squirrel Funambulus palmarum P 88 House Rat Rattus rattus P 89 Indian Gerbille Tatera indica P 90 Common Bandicoot Bandicota indica P 91 Greater False Vampire Megaderma lyra P 92 Asiatic Yellow House Bat Scotophilus heathii P 93 Indian Pipistrelle Pipistrellus coromandra P 94 Indian Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus P 95 Jackal Canis aureus P

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India 1 Community Consulting India Private Limited

Floral Assessment Adyar Creek

Total number of Floral species found in the study Area.

No SPECIES HABIT COMMON NAME A B C D TOTAL

1 Abutilon indicum Herb Thuthi 180 56 123 144 503 2 Acacia nilotica Tree Karuvelan 2 2 3 Acalypha indica Herb Kuppai meani 242 86 73 286 687 4 Achyranthes Naiyurvi aspera Herb 85 25 27 96 233 5 Amaranthus Herb Arakeerai 15 0 5 31 51

No SPECIES HABIT COMMON NAME A B C D TOTAL

5 Amaranthus Arakeerai spinosus Herb 15 0 5 31 51 6 Amaranthus Kuppaikirai viridis Herb 8 2 16 19 45 7 Azidirachta Vembu indica Tree 9 0 2 0 11 8 Boerhavia Mookuthipoo diffusa Herb 46 12 86 58 202 9 Breynia Inkupazham racemosa Shrub 9 46 23 48 126 10 Calotropis Erukkan gigantea Shrub 1 1 2 11 Cardiospermum Modakathan helicacabum Liana 56 85 2 36 179

12 Cassia alata Shrub Seemaiagathi 16 163 15 109 303

13 Cassia fistula Tree Sarakonai 1 1

14 Cassia montana Shrub Malaiavaram 1 1 15 Cassia Payavarai occidentalis Herb 1 1 Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment16 andCathranthes Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India Nithyakalyani 2 roseus Shrub 2 2 17 Cleome viscosa Herb Naivelai 174 51 192 232 649

18 Coccinia Liana Govaipazham 15 56 5 7 83 grandis 19 Commelina Kanavazhai benghalensis Herb Community Consulting India5 Private5 Limited 20 Datura metel Shrub Oomatham 47 47 21 Ehretia Adali pubescens Tree 1 1 22 Enterolobium Thungumunchimara saman Tree m 1 1 23 Euphorbia hirta Herb Amapachiarusi 193 57 112 213 575

No SPECIES HABIT COMMON NAME A B C D TOTAL

24 Ficus racemosa Tree Athi 1 1 25 Ficus religiosa Tree Arasan 1 1 1 26 Gomphrena

celosioides Herb 103 103 27 Hybanthes Orethazuthamarai ennosperma Herb 9 9 28 Ipomea cornea Liana Onamkodi 23 23 29 Ipomoea pes-

caprae Liana 23 41 64 30 Jatropha Adalai gossypiifolia Shrub 21 21 31 Kigelia pinnata Tree Yananiputukan 1 1 32 Lannea Othian coromandelica Tree 2 2 33 Lawsonia Maruthani inermis Shrub 5 5 34 Leucaena Saundal leucocephala Tree 3 2 5 35 Luffa cylindrica Liana 16 16 36 Micrococca

Relocation of Tsunamimercurialis Affected PeopleHerb in Chennai: 3 Final1 Report4 Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu,37 IndiaMiukia 3 Musumusukai maderaspatana Liana 12 6 18 38 Oldenlandia Inpoora umnellata Herb 12 10 35 57 39 Parthenium

hysterophorus Shrub 47 Community Consulting India Private47 Limited

40 Passiflora Poonaipidukku foetida Liana 56 136 41 97 330 41 Pedalium murex Herb Yaanainerinjil 92 92 42 Peltophorum Copper pod tree pterocarpum Tree 1 1 43 Phyllanthus Herb Keezhanelli 104 23 69 91 287

No SPECIES HABIT COMMON NAME A B C D TOTAL

43 Phyllanthus Keezhanelli amarus Herb 104 23 69 91 287 44 Pitheocelobium Kodukapuli dulce Tree 2 2 45 Prosopis juliflora Tree Velikathan 14 113 26 87 240 46 Ricinus Amanaku communis Shrub 6 3 9 47 Ruellia tuberosa Herb Vedikkaaichedi 2 41 43 48 Sesamum Ellu indicum Herb 2 16 18 49 Sida acuta Herb Aruvalmukku 2 2 4

50 Sida cordata Herb Veipasalai 5 6 11

51 Sida cordifolia Herb 6 7 8 21

52 Solanum Thuduvalai trilobatum Liana 15 15 53 Tephrosia Kattukozhingi purpurea Herb 2 2 54 Terminalia Batham cattapa Tree 1 1 55 Tinospora Seenthil cordifolia Liana 23 56 2 13 94 56 Tridax Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai:Kenathupundu Final Report Environment andprocumbens Social Impact AssessmentHerb for Marina Site 13 16 21 50 TamilNadu, India 4 57 Walteria indica Herb Segalaipoondu 5 11 2 18 58 Wrightia 6 Vepalai tinctoria Tree 6

59 Ziziphus Community Consulting India Private Limited Ealanthai mauritiana Tree 1 1

60 Cynodon Arukam pul dactylon Grass 36 6 9 12 63 61 Cyprus mitis Grass 56 8 12 24 100 62 Cyprus distans Grass 9 6 21 36 72

No SPECIES HABIT COMMON NAME A B C D TOTAL

GRAND TOTAL 1534 979 1027 1782 5598

Legend: A - Demo Area, B – Prosopsis Stand, C – High Ground, D – Water Body

Community Consulting India Private Limited

ANNEXURE – II Public Consultations – Temporary Shelters

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

a. Attendees List

Minutes of Public Consultation for Temporary Shelters

Chennai 18th September, 2007

Public Consultation for identifying the requirements of project beneficiaries with reference to temporary shelters was taken up by CCI study team on 18.09.2007. This consultation focused on the requirements (plinth area, water and sanitary requirements, lighting, road facilities, etc.) and grievances of project beneficiaries with their relocation to temporary shelters proposed to be constructed at six identified locations in the project area. The list of attendees and the photos of the consultation are presented in Annexure-II.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Nochi kuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Nochi kuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Doming Kuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List –

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Mullaimanagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List –

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Mullaimanagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Mullaimanagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Nambikai Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Nambikai Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Nochi Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Rajiv Gandhi Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report

Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Rajiv Gandhi Nagar Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Rajiv Gandhi Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Selvarajapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site TamilNadu, India

Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters - Attendance List – Srinivasapuram

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

b. Photo Gallery

Public Consultation at Nochikuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

Public Consultation at Domming Kuppam

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

Public Consultation at Mullaima Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

Public Consultation at Nambikkai Nagar

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

Public Consultation at Rajiv Gandhi Nagar

Relo cation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Final Report Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site Public Consultation for the Construction of Temporary Shelters

Public Consultation at Selvarajapuram

ANNEXURE – V

Project Affected Households Survey Table

Annexure V Project Affected Households Survey Table – Phase I

Table 1: Head of the Family Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Head of the & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Family Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Male 967 67.00 719 73.49 521 50.03 2207 63.73 2 Female 476 33.00 259 26.51 521 49.97 1256 36.27 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 2: Age Group Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Age & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No ( in Years) Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Up to 25 114 7.89 102 10.38 170 16.31 385 11.13 2 25-35 372 25.78 271 27.67 354 33.98 997 28.78 3 35-45 393 27.24 275 28.10 259 24.82 926 26.75 4 45-55 336 23.26 183 18.75 158 15.14 677 19.54 5 Above 55 229 15.84 148 15.09 102 9.75 478 13.79 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table: 3 Family Size Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Family size Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 1 2 0.13 3 0.31 3 0.26 8 0.22 2 2 138 9.54 155 15.88 272 26.06 565 16.30 3 3 273 18.89 206 21.08 269 25.86 748 21.60 4 4 490 33.93 332 33.96 309 29.63 1131 32.65 5 5 263 18.22 173 17.65 133 12.74 568 16.41 6 More than 5 278 19.28 109 11.12 57 5.46 444 12.82

Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 4: Community Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total S.No Religion Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Hindu 1400 97.02 513 52.47 784 75.24 2697 77.89 2 Christian 28 1.92 41 4.15 13 1.23 81 2.35 3 Muslim 15 1.06 423 43.25 245 23.52 683 19.73 4 Others 0 0.00 1 0.12 0 0.00 1 0.03 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 5: Social Stratification Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Social & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Stratification Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 OC 12 0.86 8 0.79 5 0.52 26 0.74 2 BC 68 4.71 138 14.11 78 7.47 284 8.19 3 MBC 966 66.93 256 26.21 553 53.09 1775 51.26 4 SC 397 27.50 576 58.89 406 38.92 1378 39.80 5 ST 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table: 6 Education

Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Education Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Illiterate 381 26.38 216 22.05 168 16.11 764 22.07 2 Primary 404 28.03 182 18.63 110 10.53 696 20.11 3 Secondary 545 37.77 411 42.03 435 41.72 1391 40.16 Higher 4 Secondary 75 5.17 47 4.76 51 4.87 172 4.97 5 Graduate 29 1.99 120 12.28 275 26.38 424 12.23 6 Post Graduate 5 0.33 2 0.18 3 0.32 10 0.29 7 Professional 5 0.33 1 0.06 1 0.06 6 0.17 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 7: Occupation Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Occupation Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Fishing 914 63.35 454 46.43 356 34.18 1724 49.79 2 Skilled Workers 120 8.35 124 12.71 94 9.03 339 9.79 3 Self Employed 45 3.11 14 1.41 24 2.27 82 2.38 Construction 4 Workers 27 1.86 13 1.28 3 0.32 43 1.23 5 Casual Labour 79 5.50 215 21.99 428 41.07 722 20.86 Service sector 6 housemaids 32 2.19 27 2.75 79 7.60 138 3.98 Private and public 7 sector 23 1.59 20 2.02 26 2.47 68 1.97 8 Professional 0 0.00 1 0.06 10 0.97 11 0.31 9 Others 0 0.00 111 11.36 22 2.08 133 3.83 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 8: Income Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Monthly & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No income Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % BPL (Less than 1 Rs.500) 2 0.13 0 0.00 0 0.00 2 0.06 2 1000-1500 245 16.96 195 19.91 297 28.46 736 21.26

3 1500-2500 447 30.95 366 37.45 453 43.47 1266 36.55 4 2500-3500 314 21.74 349 35.74 177 17.02 841 24.27 5 3500-4500 155 10.74 53 5.38 112 10.79 320 9.24 6 Above 4500 281 19.48 15 1.53 3 0.26 299 8.63 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 9: Type of Structure Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Type of & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Structure Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Thatched Roof 647 44.86 486 49.66 687 65.95 1820 52.56 2 Tiled 4 0.27 5 0.55 77 7.34 86 2.48 3 AC Sheet 46 3.18 36 3.73 89 8.51 171 4.94 4 RCC Roof 746 51.69 450 46.06 190 18.19 1386 40.02 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 10: Ownership Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. Ownership of & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Structure Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Own 590 40.91 391 39.95 129 12.35 1110 32.04 2 Legal Heirs 459 31.82 547 55.96 892 85.64 1899 54.83 3 Rental 197 13.64 24 2.44 18 1.75 239 6.90 4 Buyer 197 13.64 16 1.65 3 0.26 216 6.23 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

Table 11: Type of Loss Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore S. & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No Type of Loss Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos % 1 Residential 1404 97.29 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3424 98.87 2 Commercial 39 2.71 32 3.30 40 3.83 111 3.21 Residential & 3 Commercial 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 4 Homestead Land 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total 1443 100.00 1010 103.30 1082 103.83 3535 102.09

Table 12: Livelihood Loss Livelihood Nochikuppam Dommingkuppam Foreshore Sl Loss / month & Nochi nagar &Selvarajapuram Estate Total No in Rs Nos % Nos % Nos % Nos %

2 Below 2000 639 44.28 326 33.33 424 40.68 1389 40.11 3 2000 to 3000 430 29.80 362 37.04 212 20.34 1004 29.00 4 3000 to 4000 154 10.67 109 11.11 71 6.78 333 9.62 5 Above 4000 220 15.25 181 18.52 336 32.20 737 21.27 Total 1443 100.00 978 100.00 1042 100.00 3463 100.00

ANNEXURE – VI (a) Entitlement Matrix (b) Economic Rehabilitation of Assistance to Medium / Large / Special Shops (c) Statement of Entitlements and Rent Arrears for Shop Keepers [Shops 1-13] of Nochinagar.

Annexure – VI (a)

Entitlement Matrix

Entitlement CategOry Eligibility Entitlements Compensation for Land No such cases - Compensation for All the project affected families residing in government land, will structures be provided with Built house approximately of 278 sq. ft without cost in the AIR site and Okkiyam Thoraipakkam site and 320 sq.ft in the Marina site. However in the other districts in urban areas will have a plinth area of 325 sq.ft

For the structures whose value exceed the unit cost of alternate built house, the balance may be given as assistance. Unit cost of the alternate built house is Rs. 4,50,000/-

Wherever the tenants are living, the tenants may be eligible for tenements, but the compensation for the super structure will be given to the owner of the structure.

If the owner is also residing in the same structure, the cash compensation will be given, deducting the value of the tenement. Shifting Assistance for Owner of the Rs. 1000/- may be provided as shifting assistance the loss of complete structures, Tenants, structures Squatters and Encroachers Rent Wherever in situation construction is envisaged in the project, for alternate accommodation, families may be given cash for rent at the rate of Rs. 1000/- per month till the completion of the project Environmental and Environment Management Plan (EMP) and Social Management Social impacts Plan (SMP) will be prepared by Tamilnadu slum clearance Board Source: TNSCB

Annexure – VI (b) Emergency Tsunami Rehabilitation Project Economic Rehabilitation of Assistance to Medium / Large / Special Shops Rehabilitation of Affected Shopkeepers in Chennai Entitlement Matrix

N T S E R

P • A T

• T R

• S R L • C A D T T

• A

• A T S

• S R

L • C A U D T T

• A

• T

OR • S T

S • A T I

• A S

TNSCB

• S R

E • L T R T

Abstract of beneficiaries as per survey - Phase - I 1. Nochikuppam & Nochinagar Tenement Huts Serial No. Category SE ME SE ME Total 1 Category 1 />6 199 522 721 204 158 362 1083 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 3 11 14 53 21 74 88 0 0 0 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 18 26 44 101 13 114 158 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 38 38 76 76 114 258 559 817 358 268 626 1443 0 5 Category 5/MC <3 763 763 168 168 931 516 1881 716 704 0

2. Dommingkuppam &Selvarajapuram Tenement Huts Serial No. Category SE ME SE ME Total 1 Category 1 />6 118 323 441 95 89 184 625 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 2 16 18 13 20 33 51 0 0 0 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 32 24 56 145 39 184 240 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 32 32 30 30 62 184 363 547 253 178 431 978 0 0 0 5 Category 5/MC <3 422 422 213 213 1057 2035

3. Fore Shore Estate Tenement Huts Serial No. Category SE ME SE ME Total 1 Category 1 />6 16 162 178 138 253 391 569 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 1 7 8 59 56 115 123 0 0 0 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 6 6 12 143 101 244 256 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 16 16 78 78 94 39 175 214 340 488 828 1042 0 0 0 5 Category 5/MC <3 238 238 518 518 994 2036

Phase- I (Nochikuppam & Nochinagar,Selvarajapuaram & Dommingkuppam and Foreshoreestate) Tenement Huts Serial No. Category SE ME SE ME Total 1 Category 1 />6 333 1007 1340 437 500 937 2277 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 6 34 40 125 97 222 262 0 0 2539 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 56 56 112 389 153 542 654 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 86 0 86 0 184 184 270 481 1097 1578 951 934 1885 924 0 0 3463 5 Category 5/MC <3 0 1423 1423 0 899 899 3745 7208

(a) Abstract of Beneficiaries as per Survey – Phase - II

Table1. Category wise abstract of Srinivasapuram Beneficiaries

Tenement Huts Serial No. Category SE ME Sub Total SE ME Sub Total Total 1 Category 1 />6 407 726 1133 254 102 356 1489 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 15 26 41 55 34 89 130 Sub Total 422 752 1174 309 136 445 1619 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 116 52 168 790 130 920 1088 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 48 48 26 26 74 Sub Total 116 100 216 790 156 946 1162 Grand Total 538 852 1390 1099 292 1391 2781 5 Category 5/MC <3 934 934 366 366 1300 Grand Total 538 1786 2324 1099 658 1757 4081

Table 2. Abstract of Srinivasapuram Beneficiaries for Tsunami & Project Affected Families Tenement Huts Serial No. Category TAF PAF Sub Total TAF PAF Sub Total Total 1 Category 1 />6 1109 24 1133 356 0 356 1489 2 Category 2/<6 (4&5) 35 6 41 54 35 89 130 Sub Total 1144 30 1174 410 35 445 1619 3 Category 3/<4 (2&3) 4 164 168 0 920 920 1088 4 Category 4/MC- 4&5 48 0 48 26 0 26 74 Sub Total 52 164 216 26 920 946 1162 Grand Total 1196 194 1390 436 955 1391 2781 5 Category 5/MC <3 934 366 1300 Grand Total 1196 194 2324 436 955 1757 4081

Monitoring Indicator Format A. Monitoring Indicators for Physical Progress (Sub-Project Wise) Sl. Monitoring Indicators Implementati Achieved till Progress Cumulative Remarks No. for Physical on Target Last Month this Month Progress Progress TH NTH TH NTH TH NTH TH NTH 1.0 Structures 1.1 Area of structure 127. 1045 acquired (sq.m) from 14 private owners 1.2 No. of PAHs paid 1 88 compensation for acquisition of Structures 1.3 Area of structure 1428 acquired (sq.m) from private owners for shops 1.4 No. of PAHs paid 99 compensation for acquisition for shops 2.0 R&R Assistance 2.1 No. of PAHs provide 3463 with shifting allowance 2.2 No. of PAHs - provided with rental allowance 2.3 No. of PAHs 99 provided with subsistence allowance for 6 months for shops 3.0 Community Assets Reestablished 3.1 community 10 Properties 4.0 Manpower Deployment 4.1 No. of staff in R&R

activities in position 4.2 No. of implementing PMU staff in position Note: TH denotes Title holder and NTH denotes Non title holder

Phase I Format 1B

B. Monitoring Indicators for Financial Progress (Sub-Project Wise) Sl. Monitoring Indicators Implementati Achieved till Progress Cumulative Remarks No. for Physical on Target Last Month this Month Progress Progress TH NTH TH NTH TH NTH TH NTH 1.0 Structures 1.1 Area of structure 127. 1045 aquired (sq.m) from 14 private owners paid 1.2 Compensation to be 3.09 1.46 paid for acquisition (1no (88 of Structures paid ) nos) Rs. In Million (nos) 1.3 Area of structure 1428 acquired (sq.m) from private owners for shops 1.4 No. of PAHs paid 4.79 compensation for acquisition for shops Rs. In Million 2.0 R&R Assistance 2.1 No. of PAHs provide 3.56 with shifting allowance paid Rs. In Million 2.2 No. of PAHs - provided with rental allowance paid 2.3 No. of PAHs 2.67 provided with subsistence allowance for 6 months paid Rs. In Million 3.0 Community Assets Reestablishment cost (civil works cost) 3.1 community 3.0 Properties spent 4.0 Manpower Deployment Expenditure on Staffing of PIU (salary) Expenditure on engaging implementing PMU Expenditure on engaging Impact evaluation consultant

Expenditure on Public consultation Expenditure on Unquantified impacts (10%of R&R cost) Note: TH denotes Title holder and NTH denotes Non title holder

Phase I Format 2

Key baseline socio-economic indicators for Monitoring the Impact (Post -Resettlement Period) Impact Evaluation Indicators Pre-Project Annual End of the Value Evaluati Project (baseline on Evaluation value) 1. House type • Number of house holds having Pucca House 1578 • Number of house holds having Kutcha House 1885

2. Income • Number of PAHs Vulnerability /below Poverty Line 02 • Number of PAHs Vulnerability /above Poverty Line 3461 • Average Monthly Income 2200 • Average No. of Earners Per Household 1.4 3. Occupation • Number of HHs engaged in fishing 1724 • Number of non- fishing activity 1589 • Number of self employed 82 • Number of salaried 68 4. Access to Basic Amenities • Number of house holds having water supply 1578 connection • Number of house holds having toilet connection 1578

5. Material Assets • Number of households having Colour Television 2770 • Number of households having fridge 1212 • Number of households having mobile phone 2770 /telephone 865 • Number of households having two wheelers 692 • Number of households having three wheeler

Note: The external Impact Evaluation consultant may add or delete suitable indicators. However, all pre- project baseline values will be provided to the consultant or will be collected during implementation on recall basis.

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site

SURVEY FORM

I. Background

1.1 Name of Head of Household :

1.2 Unique ID No. :

1.3 TNSCB ID No. :

1.4 Period of Stay :

1.4 Occupant Category : 1. Tenements 2. Non-Tenements

1.5 Occupied by :

1. Allottee 2. Legal Heirs of 3. Rental 4. Transferee by Sale allottee

1.6 Address / Verification details: :

Sl. Particulars Details No 1. Name of the Habitation

2. Door No/Block No/Street Name 3. Document to Verify 1. Ration Card No/ Issued Date: 2. Election ID No.:

II. Family Particulars

Occupation : 1. Fisherman 2. Non-Fisherman

III. Current Housing Status

3.1 Area of the House: ------sq. ft

IV. Skill Development Activities

S. No Name of Skill Set Duration of Organization the Training involved in Training Family Members

Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site

V. Demographic Profile of Household Members

a

o n

n

t a

g l

s o

o e s i h a n i

e

n n u o i t t t t u e i t m x i o

a t k a n H m i N g a r o e s

t r c a p o t a . c a S y H t A a o u u S S l n N a

S M c d I l e M W c D E R O 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9

5.2 : 1. Spouse 2. Son/Daughter 3. Son/Daughter in Law 4. Brother /Sister 5. Parent 6. Grand Child 7. Other Non- Relation

5.3 : 1. Male 2. Female

5.5 : 1.Married 2. Un Married 3. Separated 4. Widower 5. Deserted

5.6 : 1. Non-Literate 2. Primary 3. Secondary 4. Higher Secondary 5. Graduate 6. Post Graduate 7. Professional

5.7 : 1. Fishing 2. Skilled workers 3. Self Employed 4. Construction Workers 5. Casual Labor 6. Private/ Public Sectors 7.Professional

VI. Vulnerability

Nature of Vulnerability :

1. Physically Handicapped 2. Mentally Handicapped 3. Blind 4. Deaf & Dumb 5. Nil

Religion : 1. Hindu 2. Muslim 3. Christian 4. Others

Community : 1. FC 2. BC 3. MBC 4. SC 5. ST

VII. Health Status

Nature of illness: (last one year) 1. Typhoid 2. Malaria 3. Chikunguniya 4. TB 5. Cancer 6. HIV Aids 7. Nil Man days lost due to illness:

VIII. Indebtness

If borrowed any loan, loan amount: Rs. ------Relocation of Tsunami Affected People in Chennai: Environment and Social Impact Assessment for Marina Site

IX. Household Expenditure S. No Details Rs. in a Month 9.1 Food 9.2 Maintenance 9.2.1 Water 9.2.2 Electricity 9.2.3 Health 9.2.4 Education 9.2.5 Rent 9.2.6 Others Total Expenditure

X. Assets S.No. Assets Particulars Number Value in Rs 10.1 Two wheeler 10.2 Three wheeler 10.3 Four wheeler 10.4 Fridge 10.5 Boat 10.6 Livestock 10.7 Shops (Area in sq.ft.) Total

XI. Losses (during Tsunami) S.No Particulars of Losses In Numbers Value in Rs 11.1 Assets Losses 11.1.1 House 11.1.2 Livestock 11.1.3 Livelihood Loss ( Earning days loss) 11.2 Life Losses 11.2.1 Name Relationship to the Head of Household

XII. Temporary Shelters Preference for temporary relocation during period of construction

ANNEXURE- XIII EXTRACTS FROM PMC ToR

Objectives:

The following are the main objectives of the Project Management Consultants (PMC)

1. To prepare bidding documents & evaluate the bids from various bidders.

2. To prepare, review and refine the Project Implementation schedule by using MS Projects / Prima Vera etc.,

3. To monitor the resettlement action plans, environmental management plans, implementation of work, construction equality and rehabilitation of Tsunami affected people.

4. To prepare the bills (BOQ) for making payments.

5. To prepare monthly progress report.

6. To prepare statement of expenditure in formats prescribed by the World Bank and Government of Tamil Nadu.

7. To give a certificate of completion that the works have been completed according to approved drawings and specifications.

8. To verify and certify the completion drawings/ as built drawing prepares by the works contractor.

Scope of the Assignment:

The consultant will undertake the following activities during the course of the assignment.

General: • Assist, support and report to the PMU, through TNSCB in all respects of project management from the preparation of bid documents to the end of defects liability period of the contractor for the project after final completion of the project. • Coordinate with the PMU and TNSCB to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.

Preparation of bidding documentation:

• To assist TNSCB in preparing bid documents. • To coordinate with Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board and design consultant on designs layouts, techniques and specifications on all other aspects in order to ensure these are practicable and implementable

Bid Evaluation and Contract Agreement

• To assist TNSCB in bid evaluation and prepare the draft bid evaluation report. • To assist TNSCB in finalizing contract agreement to be signed by TNSCB and the contractor. In consultation with the contractor fixed for work (a) draw up project budget with money targets, (b) prepare network analysis on PERT, for purposes of effective project monitoring and furnish the same to TNSCB/ PMU. Study and evaluate the site quality assurance manual submitted by the contractor

Construction Supervision.

i. To assist Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board in supervision of construction work from start to finish by using the modern methods of control. Verify the setting out of the works done by the contractor and ensure that it as per drawings. Ensure that the works adhere to the levels, alignment and dimensions specified in the drawings approved. The PMC, acting as Employer’s representative, has to be a witness during the tests conducted by the third party Inspection agency at the laboratory, PMC has to coordinate with the contractor and third party Inspection agent, in third party inspection.

ii. Ensure conformance of construction works and materials to relevant IS standards/Bid specifications/drawings. To assist TNSCB for approving materials based on tests results produced by the contractor. Ensure that the contractor carries out all the tasks using good quality considerations.

iii. To record measurements at various stages of works. Prepare Bill of Quantities (BOQ) and certify payments during each stage. In case of such of those works where measurements are hidden after completion, as in the case of foundation, reinforcement in RCC structures etc,, check measurements are to be carried out immediately after each activity is completed.

iv. Monitor progress with reference to pre-fixed targets drawn up jointly with the contractor and furnish monthly progress reports in the formats as decided by the PMU.

v. Advise on extra claims and time extension on works contractor. In case of any new items of works prepare specifications, carry out rate analysis ( with supporting documents) for justifying / negotiating the rates quoted by the contractor and furnish these to the TNSCB for their approval.

vi. Prepare periodic statement of expenditure in the World Bank format for getting reimbursement of expenditure.

vii. Coordinate with all concerned agencies on a day-today basis to ensure that the construction progress in a smooth and efficient manner.

viii. Coordinate with TNSCB on any likely dispute with the contractor and assist fully in the dispute resolution procedure.

ix. Ensure strict observance of labour laws (including Insurance cover) by the contractor. x. Review ‘As built Drawing’ prepared by the works contractor and certify them. xi. Review of assets maintenance manual prepared by contractor on final completion and verification before final settlement of bills. xii. Certify that the works are completed according to the specifications. xiii. Work with the contractor during trial run and commissioning state of all infrastructural facilities like water supply, sewerage etc., and assess the rectifications to be carried out by contractor. Ensure that the suggested rectifications are carried out. xiv. Assist the TNSCB in taking over the assets created. xv. Conduct regular Inspection during a period of one year from the date of completion certificate given by PMC or coterminous with the defect liability period of the contractor for carrying out the works and assist the TNSCB in ensuring that the contractor attends to all kinds of construction defect brought to his notice. A report shall be submitted to the TNSCB on the nature of defects noticed if any, likely cause and suggested remedial process. The report shall also mention the liability of the contractor in this process. xvi. Supervision of environmental and resettlement aspects. Overseeing the implementation of the environmental management plan (EMP) and resettlement implementation plan (RIP), and ensuring adherence to the ETRP’s Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and the Bank’s safeguard policies. xvii. Create and Manage the database related to Tsunami and project affected people to track the delivery of compensation and assistance. Ensure that eligible people receive all the proposed transitional rehabilitation assistance and facilities such as electricity, water and other basic amentias during their stay in the transit camps. Monitoring the work of dismantling the existing structures without causing any damages to the adjoining structures and the properties. Hold periodical consultations with Tsunami and project affected people to inform and receive information related to their resettlement and rehabilitation process and act as liaison between Government and people for their smooth transition to new living. xviii. Provide certification regarding readiness of each of the building in terms of its completion and availability of facilities such as individual electric meters, water and other basic amenities as well as statutory permissions prior to shifting of the people.

xix. Document practices and lessons learned on the implementation of R & R process. xx. Facilitate the formation and training of the self-help groups to manage the families / amenities created in the project area. Prepare a post-resettlement support to Tsunami and Project affected people including environmental and social impacts impact evaluation and assist TNSCB / PMU in putting place the arrangements for managing the post resettlement activities. Coordinate in the preparation and implementation of any additional environmental and social impacts that may be encountered during the

implementation of the project. Assist TNSCB to review and advice on the consultant outputs related to Environment Impact and Social Assessment and undertake random verification of list of eligible people as approved by GoTN and identified to World Bank.

Monitoring

a. Submit monthly monitoring reports to the TNSCB / PMU that pertains to physical progress in relation to construction, implementation of the RAPs and the EMI’s. These reports should also include the financial progress during the month and cumulatively. In addition, these reports should include key / critical issues as they happen and also identify them proactively so that the implementation proceeds in a smooth manner.

b. Monitor the allotment of houses closely to ensure that all eligible people get their entitlements and assistance in accordance with the proposed mitigation measures

c. Complete the monthly reports to develop and submit the quarterly progress reports.

TAMIL NADU SLUM CLEARANCE BOARD

ETRP MARINA PROJECT

COMPENSATION DETAILS FOR PUBLIC UTILITY STRUCTURES