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December 8, 2017
1 UNCLASSIFIED, COMMITTEE SENSITIVE EXECUTIVE SESSION PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE, U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, WASHINGTON, D.C. INTERVIEW OF: WALID PHARES Friday, December 8, 2017 Washington, D.C. The interview in the above matter was held in Room HVC-304, the Capitol, commencing at 11:15 a.m. Present: Representatives Schiff and Heck. UNCLASSIFIED, COMMITTEE SENSITIVE PROPERTY OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2 UNCLASSIFIED, COMMITTEE SENSITIVE Appearances: For the PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE: For WALID PHARES: MICHAEL P. SOCARRAS SCHMITZ SOCARRAS LLP 8200 GREENSBORO DRIVE SUITE 1500 MCLEAN, VA 22102 UNCLASSIFIED, COMMITTEE SENSITIVE PROPERTY OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 3 UNCLASSIFIED, COMMITTEE SENSITIVE Good morning. This is an unclassified transcribed interview of Walid Phares. Thank you for speaking with us today. For the record, I am a majority staff member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Before we begin, I have a security reminder. I just want to make sure that you and your counsel have left your electronics outside. MR. SOCARRAS: Correct. I also want to state a few things for the record. The questioning will be conducted by members and/or staff during the allotted time period. Some questions may seem basic, but that is because we need to clearly establish facts and understand the situation. Please do not assume we know any facts you have previously disclosed as part of any other investigation or review. We ask that you give complete and fulsome replies to questions, based on your best recollection. If a question is unclear or if you are uncertain in your response, please let us know. -
Executive Intelligence Review, Volume 29, Number 40, October 18
EIR Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. Editorial Board: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr., Muriel Mirak-Weissbach, Antony Papert, Gerald From the Associate Editor Rose, Dennis Small, Edward Spannaus, Nancy Spannaus, Jeffrey Steinberg, William Wertz Editor: Paul Gallagher Associate Editors: Ronald Kokinda, Susan Welsh he U.S. Congress voted to castrate itself, giving an insane Presi- Managing Editor: John Sigerson T Science Editor: Marjorie Mazel Hecht dent the power to wage war against Iraq, in violation of the constitu- Special Projects: Mark Burdman tional responsibility of the Legislative branch. Meanwhile, Ameri- Book Editor: Katherine Notley Photo Editor: Stuart Lewis cans who have lost their jobs and are missing their mortgage Circulation Manager: Stanley Ezrol payments, are being bombarded with low-intensity warfare opera- INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: tions, intended to make them hunker down in fear of sniper attacks at Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg, Michele Steinberg their schools and gas stations. Economics: Marcia Merry Baker, If this situation seems terrifying, step back a minute: Look at the Lothar Komp History: Anton Chaitkin world as if you were a visitor from a distant galaxy. Where is sanity Ibero-America: Dennis Small to be found? Law: Edward Spannaus Russia and Eastern Europe: Look at what is going on in Brazil, for example (our Feature). Rachel Douglas Pressed with its back to the wall by the International Monetary Fund, United States: Debra Freeman, Suzanne Rose facing the prospect of a cataclysmic economic collapse, Brazilians INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: Bogota´: Javier Almario are turning to the policies of Lyndon LaRouche, as shown by the vote Berlin: Rainer Apel of 1.5 million people for LaRouche’s friend Dr. -
Al-Ahkam Al-Khams Sebagai Klasifikasi Dan Kerangka Nalar Normatif Hukum Islam: Teori Dan Perbandingan
Pakuan Law Review Volume 3, Nomor 1, Januari-Juni 2017 e-ISSN…/ISSN… AL-AHKAM AL-KHAMS SEBAGAI KLASIFIKASI DAN KERANGKA NALAR NORMATIF HUKUM ISLAM: TEORI DAN PERBANDINGAN Amsori Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum IBLAM Jakarta e-mail : [email protected] Naskah diterima : 11/03/2017, revisi : 05/04/2017, disetujui 12/5/2017 Abstrak Ahkam berasal dari bahasa Arab yang merupakan jamak dari kata hukm dan khamsah artinya lima. Oleh karena itu, gabungan kedua kata dimaksud al-ahkam al-khamsah atau biasa juga disebut hukum taklifi. Hukum taklifi adalah ketentuan hukum yang menuntut para mukallaf (aqil-baligh) atau orang yang dipandang oleh hukum cakap melakukan perbuatan hukum baik dalam bentuk hak, kewajiban, maupun dalam bentuk larangan. Apabila orang ingin mempelajari Islam dari sudut disiplin ilmu hukum, ia tidak mungkin menggunakan “western approach” yang sudah terbiasa semata-mata mengkaji kondisi dan pengaruh tipe tertentu dari sikap prilaku sosial yang penuh dengan prasangka. Kata Kunci: Al-ahkam al khamsah, Hukum Islam, syariah, Perbandingan A. Pendahuluan Hukum Islam merupakan rangkaian dari kata “Hukum dan Islam”. Kedua kata ini berasal dari bahasa Arab, namun apabila dirangkai menjadi “hukum Islam”, kata tersebut tidak dikenal dalam terminologi Arab baik didalam Alquran dan Hadis. Kata-kata hukum Islam merupakan terjemahan dari “Islamic Law”.1 Penyebutan hukum Islam itu sendiri bertujuan untuk memisahkan antara hukum yang bersumber dari ajaran agama Islam, hukum yang berasal dari adat istiadat dan hukum 1 Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution. -
Lebanese Christian Nationalism: a Theoretical Analyses of a National Movement
1 Lebanese Christian nationalism: A theoretical analyses of a national movement A Masters Thesis Presented by Penelope Zogheib To the faculty of the department of Political Science at Northeastern University In partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science Northeastern University Boston, MA December, 2013 2 Lebanese Christian nationalism: A theoretical analyses of a national movement by Penelope Zogheib ABSTRACT OF THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities of Northeastern University December, 2013 3 ABSTRACT OF THESIS This thesis examines the distinctiveness of Lebanese Christian identity, and the creation of two interconnected narratives pre and during the civil war: the secular that rejects Arab nationalism and embraces the Phoenician origins of the Lebanese, and the marriage of the concepts of dying and fighting for the sacred land and faith. This study portrays the Lebanese Christian national movement as a social movement with a national agenda struggling to disseminate its conception of the identity of a country within very diverse and hostile societal settings. I concentrate on the creation process by the ethnic entrepreneurs and their construction of the self-image of the Lebanese Christian and the perception of the "other" in the Arab world. I study the rhetoric of the Christian intelligentsia through an examination of their writings and speeches before, during and after the civil war, and the evolution of that rhetoric along the periods of peace and war. I look at how the image of “us” vs. -
Union Calendar No. 709
1 Union Calendar No. 709 114TH CONGRESS " ! REPORT 2nd Session HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 114–898 LEGISLATIVE REVIEW AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS A REPORT FILED PURSUANT TO RULE XI OF THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND SECTION 136 OF THE LEGISLATIVE REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1946 (2 U.S.C. 190d), AS AMENDED BY SECTION 118 OF THE LEGISLATIVE REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1970 (PUBLIC LAW 91–510), AS AMENDED BY PUBLIC LAW 92–136 DECEMBER 30, 2016.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 23–170 WASHINGTON : 2016 VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:37 Jan 05, 2017 Jkt 023170 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HR898.XXX HR898 SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with REPORTS Congress.#13 U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP 114TH CONGRESS EDWARD R. ROYCE, California, Chairman (25-19) CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida BRAD SHERMAN, California DANA ROHRABACHER, California GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York STEVE CHABOT, Ohio ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey JOE WILSON, South Carolina GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas THEODORE E. DEUTCH, Florida TED POE, Texas BRIAN HIGGINS, New York MATT SALMON, Arizona KAREN BASS, California DARRELL E. ISSA, California WILLIAM KEATING, Massachusetts TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania DAVID CICILLINE, Rhode Island JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina ALAN GRAYSON, Florida MO BROOKS, Alabama AMI BERA, California PAUL COOK, California ALAN S. LOWENTHAL, California RANDY K. -
Anti-Muslim Narratives Within the US Media, Eleanor Pugh, 2016
CERS Working Paper 2016 Eleanor Pugh Anti-Muslim narratives within the US Media Historical background of anti-Muslim sentiments in the US In January 2016, the Pew Research Centre estimated that there were 3.3 million Muslims living in the US, out of a total of 322 million people.1 The study also estimated that the percentage of Muslims in the US will double by 2050.2 However, alongside such steady growth, attitudes towards Muslims have been deteriorating further in the US over the last fifteen years. Since the turn of the millennium, notably 9/11, anti-Muslim sentiments rose significantly, and Muslims became the key ‘other’ in Western societies around the world.3 The wars in Afghanistan, in 2001, and Iraq, in 2003, and the resulting American deaths, can also be linked to the rise in anti-Muslim sentiments over the course of the first few years of the millennium. By 2008, the multi-cultural potential, and hope for a national acceptance of Muslims, in America looked optimistic, with the appointment of Barack Obama, a half- Muslim African American, as President. Yet the rise of Islamic State in the Middle East, their persistent presence on social media and their frequent attacks in Western countries has arguably destroyed the potential of multi-cultural peace in America which Obama’s election originally gave hope for. While the time period, since the turn of the millennium, is important to acknowledge due to the terrorist activity in these years, the unique geographical position of the US must also be discussed. Compared to Europe and the Middle East, the Atlantic Ocean ensures that America is physically disconnected from the ‘migrant crisis’ and is situated geographically further from the central terrorist threat. -
Values in Islamic Culture and the Experience of History
Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Life Series IVA, Central and Eastern Europe, Volume 13 Series IIA, Islam, Volume 9 Values in Islamic Culture and the Experience of History Russian Philosophical Studies, I Edited by Nur Kirabaev Yuriy Pochta The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Copyright © 2002 by The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Gibbons Hall B-20 620 Michigan Avenue, NE Washington, D.C. 20064 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Values in Islamic culture and the experience of history / edited by Nur Kirabaev, Yuriy Pochta. p.cm. – (Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Series IIA Islam; vol. 9) (Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Series IVA, Eastern and Central Europe; vol. 13) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Civilization, Islamic. 2. Religion and culture. I. Kirabae, N.S. II. Pochta, Y.M. (Yurii Mikhailovich). III. Series. IV. Series: Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Series IAV, Eastern and Central Europe; vol. 13. DS36.85.V35 1999 99-38193 909’.0999997671—dc21 CIP ISBN 1-56518-133-6 (pbk.) Table of Contents Preface vii by George F. McLean Introduction 1 by Nur Kirabaev Part I. Islamic Culture in the contemporary world: problems of research Chapter 1. The Image of Islamic Culture in European Consciousness 11 by Yuriy Pochta Chapter 2. Islamic Civilization and the West: Problems of Dialogue 41 by Nur Kirabaev Chapter 3. Islamic Civilization: An Empire of Culture 49 by Maitham Al-Janabi Part II. Islamic Culture: Its Nature, Major Concepts and Problems Chapter 4. Social and Historical Premises of the Origin and Development 79 of Classical Arab-Islamic Culture by Artur Sagadeyev Chapter 5. -
Obstacles to Repentance
2 | Repentance in Islam: The Interdependence of Spirituality & Practice Author Biography Roohi Tahir has a BS with honors in Computer Engineering from Boston University, is a graduate of the BMAIS higher Bridge to Masters diploma, and is currently pursuing a Masters degree in Islamic Studies from the Islamic Online University. She is also the Founder and instructor of Nourish Your Soul, a platform for Islamic education. 3 | Repentance in Islam: The Interdependence of Spirituality & Practice Abstract While the general notion of repentance may be familiar to most, the Islamic concept of repentance is far less familiar and is often the subject of misconceptions and doubt. Repentance plays a central role in Islam and is comprehensive in nature. Deeply rooted within the belief system, it manifests in multiple dimensions—as the core of Islamic theology (aqeedah), as a subject of jurisprudence or rulings (fiqh), and ultimately in practice as an act of worship (‘ibadah). Equally important are the spiritual and self-purification (tazkiyah) aspects of repentance which reside in the heart. This paper specifically addresses how to repent, with a focus on two key dimensions of repentance (tawba)—the spiritual and the practical. It describes the necessary steps to tawba, its many benefits, and a number of commonly faced obstacles. The paper discusses the symbiotic relationship between the spiritual and practical components. It further emphasizes the holistic nature and distinct features of tawba as a source of optimism for every sinner and believer alike, and as a way of life, necessary for success in this world and in the Hereafter. Introduction In order to appreciate the central role of tawba (repentance in Islam) and its powerful impact on society as a whole, we need look no further than the who personified Islam ﷺ methodology and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad was guided ﷺ to a level of excellence we strive to emulate. -
Usul Al Fiqh
RULE OF LAW IN THE EXPLORATION AND USE OF OUTER SPACE Islamic Legal Perspective: Foundational Principles and Considerations Hdeel Abdelhady, MassPoint and Strategy Advisory PLLC Rule of Law: Core Issues, Foundational Islamic Principles and Paradigms Elements (General) Islamic Paradigms ¨ Space Exploration and ¨ Qur’an/Islamic law on Use scientific endeavor ¤ Purpose of Exploration? ¤ Encouraged ¤ Sovereignty right? ¤ “Balance” ¤ Property right? ¤ Legal Rulings ¤ Conduct in Space ¤ Governance ¨ Prohibited purposes? ¨ Products/Tools of Space ¨ Property Rights (general) Exploration ¨ Objectives of Exploration ¤ Intellectual Property (permissibility) ¤ Tangible Property Islam: Legal and Jurisprudential Framework* Islam Shari’ah Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma, Qiyas Jurisprudence (substantive law Fiqh and method) (usul al fiqh) Fiqh al-Mu’amalat Fiqh al-Ibadat Fiqh al-Jinayat (interpersonal relations) (ritual worship) (criminal law) Commercial Transactions Property (tangible, intellectual) *This is a simplified visualization. Islamic Context: Religion, Morality, Law Inextricable “’Law . in any sense in which a Western lawyer would recognize the term, is . one of several inextricably combined elements thereof. Sharī’a . which is commonly rendered as ‘law’ is, rather, the ‘Whole Duty of Man . [A]ll aspects of law; public and private hygiene; and even courtesy and good manners are all part and parcel of the Sharī’a, a system which sometimes appears to be rigid and inflexible; at other to be imbued with dislike of extremes, that spirit of reasonable compromise which was part of the Prophet’s own character.’” -S.G. Vesey Fitzgerald, Nature and Sources of the Sharī’a (1955), at 85-86. Islamic Law: Sources, Sunni Schools Primary Sources Four Prevailing “Schools” of Sunni Islamic Law ¨Qur’an ¨ Hanafi (Abu Hanifa Al No’man, ¨Sunnah 699-787) ¨ Maliki (Malik ibn Anas Al Asbahi, 710-795) Secondary Sources ¨ Shafi’i (Muhammad ibn Idris ibn ¨Qiyas Abbas ibn Uthman ibn Al- Shafi’i, 768-820) ¨Ijma ¨ Hanbali (Ahmed ibn Hanbal, 780- 855). -
Cigarette Fatwas, Contestation of Religious Authority and Politics in Indonesia
Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol. 20, No. 1 (2020), pp. 61-78, doi : 10.18326/ijtihad.v20i1.61-78 Cigarette fatwas, contestation of religious authority and politics in Indonesia Saifuddin Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Kudus E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v20i1.61-78 The issuance of non-binding advisory opinions (fatwa) is always followed by the presence of new issues related to the implementation of the fatwa. Similarly, the smoking ruling was issued by the Council of Indonesian Scholars (MUI) at the Conference in Padang Panjang in 2009. More than a decade this subject is still debatable. Although the fatwa in Indonesia does not have the power of binding, for Muslims, the idea of religious morality remains a consideration in daily life. Through a literature study, this study will reveal how the problematic relations between various social agencies regarding the issuance of the cigarette fatwa. Discourse debates in the study of fiqh will begin the explanation of this study, followed by development policies in Indonesia related to the problem of cigarettes, and ended with the position of the ulema as the holder of religious authority in the matter of smoking. This study illustrates that the practice of fatwas will be effective when ulama as religious authority holders, with their “capital”, can negotiate and contest with various social agents in the cigarette fatwa arena. Keluarnya fatwa hukum selalu diikuti oleh hadirnya persoalan baru terkait dengan pelaksanaan fatwa tersebut. Begitu juga fatwa rokok yang dikeluarkan oleh Majlis Ulama Indonesia dalam sidang ijtima’Ulama di Padang Panjang tahun 2009 silam. -
Vaccination in the Context of Al-Maqasid Al-Shari`Ah (Objectives of Divine Law) and Islamic Medical Jurisprudence
Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (OMAN Chapter) Vol. 3, No.9; April. 2014 VACCINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF AL-MAQASID AL-SHARI`AH (OBJECTIVES OF DIVINE LAW) AND ISLAMIC MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE Abul Fadl Mohsin Ebrahim Professor and Senior Academic At the University of KwaZulu – Natal and the Regent Business School, Durban, South Africa ABSTRACT The goal of public health is to prevent disease and vaccination fulfils that role by protecting people from contracting serious diseases as well as curtailing the spread of such diseases to others. However, the implementation of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) polio vaccination drive is being hampered in some Muslims countries. For example, polio workers are being killed in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nigeria and Somalia. This article addresses the concerns that Muslims have vis-à-vis to vaccination and attempts to dispel them on the basis of al-Maqasid al-Shari`ah (objectives of Divine Law) and insights from al-Fiqh al-Tibbi al-Islami (Islamic Medical Jurisprudence). KEY WORDS: Objectives of Divine Law, Islamic Jurisprudence, Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma`, Qiyas, Legal Maxims, Fatwa, vaccine, immunity, antibodies. INTRODUCTION The aim of vaccine is to stimulate our immune system to produce antibodies exactly as it would if we were exposed to the disease. Once a person has been vaccinated, he/she develops immunity to that disease, without having to contract the disease first. Hence, this reality makes vaccine a powerful tool for healthcare. (1) The Al-Maqasid al-Shari`ah (Objectives of Divine Law) are five: 1. preservation religion and morality (hifz al-din); 2. -
The Folk Beliefs in Vampire-Like Supernatural Beings in the Ottoman
An Early Modern Horror Story: The Folk Beliefs in Vampire-like Supernatural Beings in the Ottoman Empire and the Consequent Responses in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries by Salim Fikret Kırgi Submitted to Central European University History Department In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Associate Prof. Tijana Krstić Second Reader: Prof. György E. Szönyi Budapest, Hungary 2017 CEU eTD Collection Statement of Copyright “Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copies made. Further copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the written permission of the Author.” CEU eTD Collection i Abstract The thesis explores the emergence and development of vampire awareness in the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries by focusing on the interactions between religious communities, regional dynamics, and dominant discourses in the period. It re-evaluates the scattered sources on Ottoman approaches to the ‘folkloric vampire’ by taking the phenomenon as an early modern regional belief widespread in the Balkans, Central Europe and the Black Sea regions. In doing so, it aims to illuminate fundamental points, such as the definition of the folkloric revenant in the eyes of the Ottoman authorities in relation to their probable inspiration—Orthodox Christian beliefs and practices—as well as some reference points in the Islamic tradition.