Suggested Reading

In order to provide up-to-date information and a comprehensive point of view on modern computing acronyms, the author consulted a number of books, articles and webpages. The following list of the most frequently used references is just the lip of that iceberg, considering only those references used 10 or more times, or in some cases directly referenced in the texl. Also, there are several reference books and articles which could help more familiar readers to gain a deeper view of the subject of interesl. Other ap• proaches would result in either no references at all (the practice in most dictionaries) or in thousands of references (maybe longer than the main body of the book). The given approach, together with the referenced webpages and RFCs in the book, will give read• ers enough options to find more information.

Agent-Oriented Techniques and Artificial Intelligence

[Djordjevic-Kajan et aI., 1997J Djordjevic-Kajan S., Kajan E., Mitrovic D., "Towards Ac• tive C31 Systems", Proc. 3rd Inl. Conf. on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS'97), Nis, Yugoslavia , October 1997, pp. 411-420.

[Etzioni and Weld , 1995] Etzioni 0 ., Weld D.S., "Intelligent Agents on the Internet: Fact, Fiction, and Forecast", IEEE Expert, Vol. 10, No. 4, August 1995, pp. 44-49.

[Finin and LabrouJ Finin T., Labrou Y., "UMBC AgentWeb" , University of Maryland, Bal• timore County, http://www.cs .umbc.edu/agents

[Gray, 1997J Gray R.S ., "Agent Tcl: A Flexible and Secure Mobile-Agent System", Dr. Dobb's Journal, March 1997, pp. 18-26.

(Harrison et aI. , 1995] Harrison C.G., Chess D., Kershenbaum A., "Mobile Agents: Are They a Good IdeaT, IBM Research Report, RC 19887, 1995.

[Kajan, 1997f Kajan E., "Towards the Key Issues in ClienUServer Computing for the Year 2000 and Beyond", Proc. 3rd Inl. Conf. on Telecommunications in Modern Sat• ellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS'97), Nis, Yugoslavia , October 1997, pp. 811 - 814.

[Maes, 1994J Maes P., "Agents That Reduce Work and Information Overload", Commu• nications of the ACM (CACM), Vol. 37 , No . 7, July 1994, pp. 31-40.

613 Su ested Readin

[Mitrovic and Djordjevic-Kajan, 1995J Mitrovic A., DJordjevic-Kajan S., "Interactive Re• constructive Student Modeling: A Machine-Learning Approach", In\. J. of Human• Computer Interaction (IJHCI), Vol. 7, No. 4, 1995, pp. 385-401 .

[Mitrovic and Ohlsson, 1999) Mitrovic A., Ohlsson S., "Evaluation of a Constraint-Based Tutor for a Database Language", In\. J. of Artificial Intelligence in Education (IJAIED), Vol. 10, Nos. 3-4, 1999, pp . 238-256.

(Mitrovic et aI. , 2001J Mitrovic A., et aI. , "Constraint-Based Tutors: A Success Story", Proc. 14th Inl. Conf. on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelli• gence and Expert Systems, IEA/AIE-2001 , Budapest, 4-7 June 2001 . L. Monosteri, J. Vancza, M.Ali (eds.), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (LNAI) 2070, Springer• Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2001 , pp. 931-940.

[Morreale, 1998J Morreale P., "Agents on the Move", IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 35, No. 4, 1998, pp . 34-41 .

[Nwana, 1996) Nwana H.S., "Software Agents: An Overview", Knowledge Engineering Review, Vol. 11, No. 3, September 1996, pp . 1-40.

(Russell and Norvig, 1995J Russell S., Norvig P., "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Ap• proach", Prentice-Hall, 1995.

[White, 1996J White J., "Mobile Agents White Paper", General Magic, 1996, http://www.genmagic.com

[Wooldridge and Jennings, 1995J Wooldridge M., Jennings N., "Intelligent Agents: The• ory and Practice", Knowledge Engineering Review, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1995, pp. 115- 152.

[Wooldridge and Veloso, 1999J Wooldridge M.J., Veloso M. (eds.), "Artificial Intelligence Today: Recent Trends and Developments', Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (LNAI) 1600, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1999.

Compression Techniques

[Witten et aI. , 1999] Witten I.H ., Moffat A., Bell T.C., "Managing Gigabytes: Compress• ing and Indexing Documents and Images", 2nd ed., Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.

Computer Architectures

(Omondi. 1999J Omondi A.R.. "The Microarchitecture of Pipelined and Superscalar Computers", Kluwer Academic, 1999.

614 Suggested Reading

[Stone, 1993] Stone H.S., "High-Performance Computer Architecture", Addison-Wesley, 1993.

Computer Graphics and Human- Computer Interaction

[Foley et aI. , 1996] Foiey J.D.. van Dam A., Feiner S.K., Hughes J.F.. "Computer Graphics - Principles and Practice", 2nd ed ., Addison-Wesley, 1996.

[Morse and Reynolds, 1993] Morse A., Reynolds G., "Overcoming Current Growth lim• its in UI Development", Communications of the ACM (CACM). Vol. 36, No. 4, April 1993, pp. 72-81 .

[Raskin, 2000] Raskin J., "The Humane Interface: New Directions for Designing Interac• tive Systems", Addison-Wesley, 2000.

[Salmon and Slater, 1987] Salmon R. , Slater M., "Computer Graphics: Systems & Con• cepts", Addison-Wesley, Wokingham , UK. 1987.

Computer Networks and Protocols

[ATM Forum , 1993] ATM Forum Technical Committee, "ATM User-Network Interface (UNI) Specification", Prentice-Hall, 1993.

[Clark and Pasquale, 1996] Clark D., Pasquale J., "Strategic Directions in Networks and Telecommunications", ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 28, No. 4. December 1996, pp . 679-690.

[Feibel, 1996) Feibel W., "Encyclopedia of Networking", 2nd ed ., The Network Press, 1996.

[Jam , 1993] Jain R., "FDDI : Current Issues and Future Plans", IEEE Communications, Vol. 31 , No . 9, September 1993, pp . 98-105.

[Kajan and Djordjevic-Kajan, 1995) Kajan E., Djordjevic-Kajan S., "Gigabit Networks for Open Computer Supported Cooperative Work", Proc. 2nd In!. Conf. on Telecommu• nicallons in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS'95), Nis, Yugoslavia , October 1995, pp. 384-387.

[Singhal et aI. , 2001] Singhal S., et aI. , "The Wireless Application Protocol: Writing Ap• plications for the Mobile Internet", Addison-Wesley, 2001 .

[Stallings, 1999] Stallings W .. "Data & Computer Communications", Prentice-Hall. 1999.

615 Suggested Reading

[Tanenbaum, 1996) Tanenbaum A.S., "Computer Networks", 3rd ed ., Prentice-Hall, 1996.

Databases

[Chen, 1976) Chen P.P., "The Entity-Relationship Model: Toward a Unified View of Data", Transactions on Database Systems (TODS), Vol. 1, No. 1, January 1976, pp. 9- 36 .

[Codd, 1970) Codd E.F., "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks", Communications of the ACM (CACM), Vol. 13, No. 6, June 1970, pp. 377- 387 .

[Elmasri and Navathe, 2000) Elmasri R., Navathe S.B., "Fundamentals of Database Systems", 3rd ed ., Addison-Wesley, 2000.

[Ozsu and Valduriez, 1991) Ozsu M.T., Valduriez P., "Distributed Database Systems: Where Are We Now?", IEEE Computer, Vol. 24 , No. 8, August 1991 , pp. 68- 78.

[Ozsu and Valduriez, 1999) Ozsu M.T., Valdunez P., "Pnnciples of Distributed Database Systems", Prentice-Hall, 1999.

[Rob and Coronel, 1995) Rob P., Coronel C., "Database Systems: Design, Implementa• tion, and Management", 2nd ed ., Thomson Learning , Course Technology, 1995.

[Silberschatz et aI. , 1996] Silberschatz A., Korth H., Sudarshan S., "Database System Concepts", 3rd ed ., McGraw-Hili , 1996.

[Witten and Frank, 1999) Witten I.H., Frank E., "Data Mining: Practical Machine Learn• ing Tools and Techniques with Java Implementations", Morgan-Kaufmann , 1999.

Distributed Systems

[Coulouris et aI. , 1994) Coulouris G ., Dollimore J., Kindberg T., "Distributed Systems - Concepts and Design", 2nd ed ., Addison-Wesley, 1994.

[Kajan, 1997] Kajan E., "Towards the Key Issues in ClienVServer Computing for the Year 2000 and Beyond", Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Telecommunications in Modern Sat•

ellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS'97), Ni~ , Yugoslavia , October 1997, pp. 811-814.

(OMG , 1995) Object Management Group (OMG), "The Common Object Request Broker Architecture and Specification", OMG, July 1995, http://www.corba .org/ or http://www.omg.org

616 Suggested Reading

[Ozsu and Valduriez, 1991) Ozsu M.T., Valduriez P., "Distributed Database Systems: Where Are We Now?", IEEE Computer, Vol. 24 , No. 8, August 1991 , pp. 68- 78.

[Ozsu and Valduriez, 1999) Ozsu M.T. , Valduriez P., "Principles of Distributed Database Systems", Prentice-Hall , 1999.

(Tanenbaum, 1995) Tanenbaum A.S., "Distributed Operating Systems", Prentice-Hall , 1995.

(Tanenbaum and van Steen, 20011 Tanenbaum A.S., van Steen M., "Distributed Sys• tems: Principles and Paradigms", Prentice-Hall, 2001 .

GIS

[Birkin et aI. , 19961 Birkin M., Clarke G., Clarke M., Wilson A., "Intelligent GIS: Location Decisions and Strategic Planning", Geolnformation International, 1996.

[Djordjevlc-Kajan et aI. , 1997) Djordjevic-Kajan S., Kajan E., Mitrovic D., "Towards Ac• tive C31 Systems", Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS'97), Nis, Yugoslavia, October 1997, pp. 411--420.

[Mitrovlc and Djordjevic, 1995) Mitrovlc D ., Djordjevic S., "An Open GIS Architecture for Inexpensive Hardware Platforms", Proc. AM/FM (Automated Mapping and Facilities Management) European Conf. X, Heidelberg, Germany, 18-20 October 1994, pp. 185-189.

[Mitrovlc and Djordjevic-Kajan, 1996) Mitrovic A., Djordjevlc-Kajan S., "Object-Oriented Paradigm Meets GIS : A New Era in Spatial Data Management", Proc. YUGIS (Yugo• slavian GIS) Conf. , Belgrade, March 1996, pp. 141 - 148.

[Worboys, 1997) Worboys M .F., "GIS : A Computing Perspective", Taylor & Francis, 1997.

Internet and WWW

[Berners-Lee, 1994) Berners-Lee T., "Universal Resource Identifiers in WWW", RFC1630, June 1994.

[Berners-Lee et aI. , 1994) Berners-Lee T., et aI. , "The World-Wide Web ", Communica• tions of the ACM (CACM), Vol. 37 , No. 8, August 1994, pp. 76- 82 .

[CISCO) CISCO, "Dictionary of I nternetworking Terms and Acronyms", http://www.cisco.com

617 (Comer and Stevens, 1995] Comer D.E., Stevens D.l., "Internetworking with TCP/IP. Vol. III : Client-Server Programming and Applications", Prentice-Hall, 1995.

(Deering and Hinden, 1998] Deering S., Hinden R. , "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC2460. December 1998.

[Feibel, 1996] Feibel W., "Encyclopedia of Networking", 2nd ed., The Network Press, 1996.

(Fielding et aI. , 1999] Fielding R. , et aI. , "HyperText Transfer Protocol - HTIP 1.1", RFC2616, June 1999.

(Krol and Hoffman, 1993] Krol E., Hoffman E., "What Is the Internet?", RFC1462 , May 1993.

[Lange, 1999] Lange l., "The Internet", IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 36 , No. 1, January 1999, pp. 35-40.

[Malkin , 1996] Malkin G., "Internet Users' Glossary", RFC1983, August 1996.

[Nesser, 1999J Nesser P., "The Internet and the Millennium Problem (Year 2000)", RFC2626. June 1999.

[Postel, 1994J Postel J., "Domain Name System Structure and Delegation", RFC1591 , March 1994.

[Quarterman and Carl-Mitchell, 1996J Quarterman J., Carl-Mitchell S., "What Is the Internet, Anyway?", RFC1935, April 1996.

[Reynolds et aI. , 2001] Reynolds J., Braden R. , Ginoza S., "Internet Official Protocol Standards", RFC2900, August 2001 .

[Stevens, 1994] Stevens W.R. , "TCP/IP Illustrated. Vol. 1: The Protocols", Addison• Wesley, 1994.

[Tanenbaum, 1996) Tanenbaum A.S., "Computer Networks", 3rd ed ., Prentice -Hall, 1996.

Object-Oriented Techniques

[Booch, 1994J Booch G., "Object-Oriented Analysis and Design - With Applications", 2nd ed., Benjamin Cummings, 1994.

[Coad and Yourdon , 1991) Coad P., Yourdon E .. Object " -Oriented Analysis", 2nd ed., Yourdon Press, 1991 .

618 [Lee and Tepfenhart, 2001J Lee R.C., Tepfenhart W.M., ' UML and C++ - A Practicall Guide to Object-Oriented Development", 2nd ed ., Prentice-Hall, 2001 .

Open Systems

[Comerford, 1999J Comerford R. , "The Path to Open-Source Systems", IEEE Spectrum ,

Vol. 36, No~ 5, May 1999, pp. 25-31 .

[Feibel, 1996J Feibel W., "Encyclopedia of Networking", 2nd ed ., The Network Press, 1996.

[Gray, 1991J Gray P., "Open Systems - A Business Strategy for the 1990s", McGraw-. Hill , 1991 .

[Halsall , 1996J Halsall F., "Data Communications, Computer Networks, and Open Sys-. tems", Addison-Wesley, 1996.

[Kajan, 1994J Kajan E., "Open Systems: Concepts, Components, and Future Applica-. tions", Prosveta, Nis, Yugoslavia, 1994 (in Bosnian), hllp:/fwww.knjizara.co .yu or· htlp:/fwww.plato.co.yu

[TOG) TOG (The Open Group), "Introducing TOGAF , The Open Group Architecturall Framework", hllp:llwww.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf

Operating Systems

[Brinch Hansen, 2001J Brinch Hansen P. (ed .), "Classic Operating Systems - From Batch Processing to Distributed Systems", Springer-Verlag, Berlin , Heidelberg, New' York , 2001 .

[Davis and Rajkumar, 2001) Davis W.S., Rajkumar T.M., "Operating Systems: A Sys-· lematic View", 5th ed ., Addison-Wesley, 2001 .

[Silberschatz el aI. , 2001) Silberschalz A., Galvin P.B., Gagne G., "Operating Systeml Concepts", 6th ed ., Wiley, 2001 .

[Tanenbaum , 1987) Tanenbaum A.S., "Operating Systems: Design and Implemenla-' lion", Prentice-Hall, 1987.

[Tanenbaum, 1995) Tanenbaum A.S., ' Distributed Operating Systems", Prenllce-Hall, 1995.

[Tanenbaum, 2001) Tanenbaum A.S ., ' Modern Operating Systems", 2nd ed ., Prentice-' Hall , 2001 .

619' Suggested Reading

Programming languages and Programming Theory

(Aho et aI. , 1988] Aho A.V. , Kernighan B.W., Weinberger P.J., "The AWK Programming Language", Addison-Wesley, 1988.

(Booch et aI., 1998] Booch G., Rumbaugh J., Jacobson I. , "The Unified Modeling Lan• guage User Guide", Addison-Wesley, 1998.

(Deitel et aI. , 2001] Deitel H.M., et aI., "Advanced JAVA 2 Platform - How To Program", Prentice-Hall, 2001 .

[Hall and Brown, 2001] Hall M., Brown L. , "Core Web Programming", Prentice-Hall, 2001 .

(Kernighan and Ritchie, 1988] Kernighan BW., Ritchie D.M., "The C Programming Lan• guage", 2nd ed ., Prentice-Hall, 1988.

(Knuth, 1998] Knuth D.E., "The Art of Computer Programming", Vols. 1-3, 3rd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1998.

[Martin , 1986] Martin J., "Fourth Generation Languages. Vol. II : Representative 4GLs", Prentice-Hall, 1986.

[Martin, 1986J Martin J., "Fourth Generation Languages. Vol. III : 4GLs from IBM", Pren• tice-Hail, 1986.

[McLaughlin, 2001] McLaughlin B., "Java & XML", 2nd ed., O'Reilly, 2001 .

[Rumbaugh et aI. , 1998] Rumbaugh J., Jacobson I. , Booch G., "The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual", 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1998.

[Stroustrup, 2000) Stroustrup B., "The C++ Programming Language: Special Edition", 3rd ed ., Addison-Wesley, 2000.

[Wall et aI. , 2000J Wall L., Christiansen T., Orwant J., "Programming Perl", 3rd ed ., O'Reilly, 2000.

[Watson, 1989J Watson D., "High-Level Languages and Their Compilers", Addison• Wesley, 1989.

Security

[Fraser, 1997] Fraser B., "Site Security Handbook", RFC2196, September 1997.

[Gray, 1991J Gray P., "Open Systems - A Business Strategy for the 1990s", McGraw• Hill, 1991 .

620 Suggested Reading

[Lodin and Schuba, 1998] Lodin S.W., Schuba C.L., "Firewalls Fend off Invasions from the Net", IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 35, No. 2, February 1998, pp . 26-34.

[Menezes et aI. , 1996) Menezes A.J., van Oorschot P.C., Vanstone SA, "Handbook of Applied Cryptography", CRC Press, 1996.

[Rivest et aI. , 1977] Rivest R.L. , Shamir A., Adleman l., "On Digital Signatures and Public Key Cryptosystems", MIT Technical Memo 82, April 1977.

[Tanenbaum, 1996] Tanenbaum A.S., "Computer Networks", 3rd ed ., Prentice-Hall, 1996.

Software Engineering and Software Tools

[Boehm, 1981) Boehm B" "Software Engineering Economics", Prentice-Hall, 1981 .

[Boehm et aI. , 2000) Boehm B., et aI., "Software Cost Estimation with CO COMO 11", Prentice-Hall, 2000.

[Jacobson et aI. , 1999] Jacobson I. , Booch G., Rumbaugh J., "The Unified Software Development Process", Addison-Wesley, 1999.

[Sommerville, 2000] Sommerville I. , "Software Engineering", 6th ed ., Addison-Wesley, 2000,

X Window System

[Gettys et aI. , 1990) Gettys J., Karlton P.l., McGregor S., "The X Window System, Ver• sion 11 ", Software - Practice and Experience, Vol. 20, No. S2 , October 1990, pp. S2/35-S2/67.

[Scheifler and Gettys, 1990] Scheiner RW., Gettys J., "The X Window System", Soft• ware - Practice and Experience, Vol. 20, No. S2, October 1990, pp . S2/5-S2/34.

Other Resources of Interest

[Kohn, 1997) Kohn G. (ed.), "The IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms", 6th ed., IEEE, 1997

(Vlietstra, 20011 Vlietstra J., "Dictionary of Acronyms and Technical Abbreviations", 2nd ed ., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2001 .

[Woodcock et aI. , 1994] Woodcock J., et aI., "Computer Dictionary", Microsoft Press, 1994.

621 Subject Index

List of Subjects Local Area Networks (LANs) 651 Agent-Oriented Techniques 624 Measurement Units. Methods & Terms 652 Applications 624 Memories 653 Application Programming Interfaces 624 Microprocessors 653 Architectures & Environments 625 Miscellany 654 Artificial Intelligence (AI) 626 Modulation Techniques 655 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 626 Multimedia 655 Business Terms 627 Network Architectures 655 Chat & BBS Terms 627 Networks Are Everywhere 655 Coding Schemas & Algorithms 628 Network Types & Topologies 656 Common Electronics Terms 628 Object-Oriented Terms & Techniques 656 Companies 629 Open Systems 657 Computer Graphics 629 Operating Systems 658 Computer Science Fields 630 Orders of Magnitude 659 Computers & Systems 630 Organizations & Consortia 660 Conferences & Workshops 631 OSI Reference Model 663 Control Characters 635 Physical Communications 664 Databases 636 Programming Languages 665 Devices 637 Programming Techniques 666 Distributed Processing & Systems 637 Protocols 666 EDI & Electronic Commerce (EG) 638 Ouality of Service (OoS) 668 Filenames & Formats 638 Real-Time Systems (RTS) 669 Formal Methods & Techniques 642 Referenced People 669 Hardware 642 Requests for Comment (RFCs) 672 Hardware Attributes 643 Research Projects 673 History of Computing 643 Runtime Systems 674 Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) 643 Security 674 IEEE Standards 644 System Network Architecture (SNA) 675 Information Systems 644 Software Engineering 676 Institutes & Universities 644 Software Tools 677 Internet (Common Terms) 645 Standardization (de jure) 678 Internet Bodies & Organizations 645 Storage Devices. Media & Technology 679 Internet Protocols 646 Telecommunications 680 Internetworking & Network Management 646 Testing Environments & Procedures 681 ISDN 649 Time Zones 682 ISO Standards 649 UNIX Commands 683 Job Professions & Titles 650 Windows Technologies 683 Journals & Other Publications 650 World-Wide Web (WWW) 683

623 Agent-Oriented Techniques

Agent-Oriented Techniques JEDMICS JOInt Engineenng Data Management 3w where, what and when 7 Information and Control System 289 ABE Agent Building Environment 16 LaTeX Lamport TeX 306 ACL Agent Communication Language 21 MRP Manufacturing Resource Planning 350 aglet agile applet 29 OA Office Automation 377 applet mini application 40 PDM Product Data Management 409 ATP Agent Transfer Protocol 51 PIM Personallnformalion Manager 415 AWB Aglet Workbench 53 PIM Product Information Management 415 JAT Java Agent Template 286 TOMS Technical Document Management KAoS Knowledgeable Agent-oriented System 520 System 297 WFM Worknow Management 581 Knowbot Knowledge Robot 300 WinWord Word for Windows 584 KQML Knowledge Query and Manipulation WMS Worknow Management System 587 Language 301 WP WordPerfect 588 MAS Mulli-Agent System 327 WP Word Processing 588 SRE Standard for Robot Exclusion 501 Tcl Tool command language 513 Application Programming Interfaces UAA Unified Agent Architecture 539 ADSI Aclive Directory Service Interface 26 CAPI Common ISDN API 77 Applications CLI Call-Level Interface 100 1-2-3 1 CMC Common Mail Calls 101 ADP Automatic Data ProcesSing 26 CPI Common Programming Interface 114 BMS Banyan Mall Service 66 CPI ·C Common Programming Interface CAD Computer-Aided Design 73 for Communications 114 CAD/CAM Computer-Aided Design/Computer- CSV Common Service Verb 122 Aided ManufactUring 74 DAO API Data Access Objects API 129 CADD Computer-Aided Design and Drafting 74 001 Device Driver Interface 139 CAE Computer-Aided Engineering 75 DMI Desktop Management Interface 151 CAM Computer-Aided ManufactUring 77 EHLLAPI Extended High-Level CAPP Computer-Aided Process Planning 78 Language API 181 CAQ Computer-Aided Quality 78 GSS API Generic Security Service API 224 CIM Computer-Integrated ManufactUring 97 HLLAPI High-Level Language API 232 DA Desk Accessory 127 IDAPI Integrated Database API 251 DISOSS Distributed Office Support System 148 ISAPI Internet Server API 274 OMS Document Management System 152 JDBCAPI Java Database Connectivity API 288 DP Data Processing 155 JMAPI Java Management API 291 DTP Desktop Publishing 163 JMF Java Media Framework 291 EAI Enterprise Application Integralion 169 JMS Java Message Service 291 EDA ElectrOnic DeSign AutomatlOn 174 JNDI Java Naming and Directory Interface 292 EDP Electronic Data Processing 177 JNI Java Nalive Interface 292 EFTPS ElectrOniC Federal Tax Payment JRI Java Runlime Interface 294 System 180 JTA Java Transaction API 295 ERP Enterprise Resource Planning 190 LSAPI License Service Applicalion FEA Finite Element Analysis 200 Programming Interface 318 ILL Interlibrary Loan 258 LUA Logical Unit Application 320 IVR Interaclive Voice Response 284 MOl Multiple-Document Interface 332

624 Architectures & Environments

MPI Message-Passing Interface 348 CORBA Common Object Request Broker NSAPI Netscape Server API 373 Architecture 111 ODAPI Open Database Application CIS ClienVServer 117 Programming Interface 380 CS Client Server 119 ODBC Open Database Connectivity 380 DCE Distributed Computing EnVIronment 136 ODMA Open Document Management API 382 DME Distributed Management RAPI Remote Application Programming Environment 151 Interface 442 DRDA Distributed Relational Database RPCAPI Remote Procedure Call Application Architecture 157 Programming Interface 455 DTP Distributed Transaction Processing 164 SAPI Speech Application Programming EJB Enterprise JavaBeans 183 Interface 465 FEP Front-End Processor 201 SAX Simple API for XML 466 GOSE Geographic Open System SICl Standard Instrument Control library 478 Environment 221 SQUCLI Sal Call-Level Interface 500 J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition 285 TAPI Telephony Application Programming In- JVM Java Virtual Machine 295 terface 511 LBOM lightweight Business Object Model 307 Tli Transport layer Interface 527 LlA Logical Layered Architecture 313 TSAPI Telephony Services API 535 MAPI Messaging Application Programming TSPI Telephony Service Provider Interface 535 Interface 325 TSS Television System Service 536 MIMD Multiple Instruction Multiple Data 338 VIM Vendor-Independent Messaging 559 NCS Network Computing System 360 WIDL Web Interface Definition Language 582 NIP Network Integrated Processing 366 WinG Windows Games 583 OCCA Open Cooperallve Computing WINSOCK Windows Sockets 584 Architecture 379 WOSA Windows Open System ODA Office Document Architecture 379 Architecture 588 ODA Open Document Architecture 379 WTA Wireless Telephony Application 590 OMA Object Management Architecture 385 XAP )(JOpen Application Programming ONA Open Network Architecture 387 Interface 597 ONC Open Network Computing 387 XCPI-C )(JOpen Common Programming OSE Open Systems EnVIronment 393 Interface for Communicallons 598 SAA Systems Application Architecture 461 XCS )(JOpen Calendaring SCSA Signal Computing System and Scheduling 598 Architecture 469 XDS X/Open Directory Services 599 SII Systems Integration Interface 482 XDSM )(JOpen Data Storage TAFIM Technical Architecture Framework Management 599 for Informallon Management 509 XFTAM )(JOpen FTAM 600 TINA TelecommUnications Information XOM )(JOpen Object Management 603 Networking Architecture 525 XTI )(JOpen Transport Interface 604 TOGAF The Open Group Architectural XTPI X/Open Transport ProVider Interface 604 Framework 529 WAE Wireless Application EnVironment 572 Architectures & Environments XDCS X/Open Distributed Computing AES Application EnVironment Specification 27 Services 598 BA Broadcast Architecture 56 XSM x/Open Systems Management 604

625 Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) CRS Cell Relay Service 117 artllect artificial intellect 42 CS Convergence Sublayer 119 CAl Computer-Assisted Instruction 76 DCC Data Country Code 135 CAL Computer-Assisted learning 77 DES Destination End-Station 142 CAT Computer-Aided Teaching 79 DIR Direction 147 CBl Computer-Based Learning 81 EFCI Explicit Forward Congestion Indicator 178 CBR Case-Based Reasoning 81 FEC Forward Error Correction 201 ICAI Intelligent Computer-Assisted FG Functional Group 203 Instruction 244 GCAC Generic Connection AdmiSSion lOSS Intelligent DecIsion Support System 254 Control 214 IMINT Imagery Intelligence 259 GFC Genenc Flow Control 216 IMS Instructional Management System 259 HBFG Host Behavior Functional Group 228 ITS Intelligent Tutoring System 281 HEC Header Error Control 230 KAD Knowledge-Aided Design 297 ICP IMA Control Protocol 249 KB Knowledge Base 297 IMA Inverse Multiplexing over ATM 259 KBS Knowledge-Based System 298 LCI Logical Channel Identifier 308 KE Knowledge Engineering 299 LCN Logical Channel Number 308 KEE Knowledge Engineering EnVIronment 299 LGN logical Group Node 311 KIF Knowledge Interchange Format 299 LOC loss Of Cell delineation 315 KR Knowledge Representation 301 LOF Loss Of Frame delineation 315 KRL Knowledge Representation Language 301 LOP loss Of Pointer 315 l TE Lite Terminating Equipment 319 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) MID Message Identifier 337 AAL ATM Adaptation Layer 15 NE Network Element 362 ACS ATM Circuit Steering 22 NEF Network Element Function 362 AHFG ATM-attached Host Funclional Group 30 OAM Operalton, Administration AIM ATM Inverse Multiplexer 31 and Maintenance 377 AIMUX ATM Inverse Multiplexer 31 PMD Physical-Medlum-Dependent 419 ARE All Routes Explorer 41 PT Payload Type 430 AW Administrative Weight 53 PTI Payload Type Indicator 430 BBC Broadband Bearer Capability 57 QD Queuing Delay 434 BCOB Broadband Connection Oriented QFC Quantum Flow Control 434 Barrier 58 RIF Rate Increase Factor 448 BPP Bridge Port Pair 67 SAAL Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer 461 BUS BroadcasVUnknown Server 70 SAR Segmentalton And Reassembly CCR Current Cell Rate 83 sublayer 465 CE Connection Endpoint 90 SOT Structured Data Transfer 473 CEI Connection Endpoint Identifier 91 SE SWitching Element 474 CES Circuit Emulation Service 91 SEAL Simple and EffiCient Adaptation CIF Cells In Frames 96 Layer 474 CIP Carrier Jdenltfication Parameter 98 SES Source-End Station 475 COM Continuation of Message 109 SNC Subnetwork Connection 492 CPCS Common Part Convergence SSCOP Service-Specific Conneclion-Onented Sublayer 113 Protocol 502 CPN Calling Party Number 115 SSCS Service-Specific Convergence CRF Cell Relay Function 116 Sublayer 502

626 Chat & BBS Terms

SVC Switched Virtual Circuit 505 VAR Value-Added Reseller 554 TC Transmission Convergence 512 WIO Without 587 TCS Transmission Convergence Sublayer 517 TPD Trailing Packet Discard 532 Chat & BBS Terms UME UNI Management Entity 545 ADN Any day now 26 VCI Virtual Channel Identifier 556 AFAIK As far as I know 28 VCl Virtual Channel link 556 AFK Away from keyboard 28 VP Virtual Path 564 B4N Bye for now 56 VPC Virtual Path Connection 564 BAK Back at the keyboard 56 VPI Virtual Path Identifier 564 BBIAB Be back in a bit 57 VPl Virtual Path Link 564 BBl Be back later 57 VS Virtual Scheduling 567 BBS Be back soon 57 VTOA Voice and Telephony Over ATM 569 BFN Bye for now 61 BG Big grin 61 Business Terms Bl Belly laughing 64 ACME A Company that Makes Everything 21 BRB Be right back 68 AD Authorized Distributor 23 BT A But then again 70 ASAP As Soon As Possible 43 BTW By the way 70 BOM Bill Of Material 66 DBA Doing business as 132 BPI Business Process Improvement 67 DIKU Do I know you? 145 BPR Business Process Reengineering 67 DQMOT Don't quote me on th is 157 BSM Balanced Scorecard Methodology 69 emotlcons emotional icons 186 ESN Equipment Serial Number 192 F2F Face-to-face 195 EU End-User 193 FISH First in, still here 204 EULA End-User License Agreement 193 FWIW For what it's worth 212 EUP End-User Price 193 GA Go ahead 213 FCS First Customer Shipment 197 GIWIST Gee, Iwish I said that 219 FPI Functional Process Improvement 208 GMTA Great minds think alike 221 FUD Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt 212 GOl Giggling out loud 221 HQ Headquarters 236 GTRM Going to read mail 224 HR Human Resources 236 HAND Have a nice day 227 IRU Indefeasible Right of Use 273 HTH Hope th is helps 237 ISV Independent Software Vendor 280 HWIH Here's what I have 240 MI Marketing Identifier 335 lAC In any case 242 NIA Not Available (Applicable) 357 IHA I hate acronyms 257 OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer 382 IL Y I love you 258 ROI Return on Investment 452 IMHO In my humble opinion 259 RPQ Request for Price Quotation 456 IMO In my opinion 259 SLA Service-level Agreement 483 lOW In other words 265 SME Small-to-Medium Enterprise 486 IYSWIM If you see what I mean 284 SOHO Small-Office/Home-Office 494 JIC Just in case 290 TBO Total Benefit of Ownership 511 JK Just kidding 290 TCO Total Cost of Ownership 514 KWIM? Know what I mean? 302 TMLA Trademark License Agreement 527 lOR long-distance relationship 309 TP Transfer Price 531 IIT A lots and lots of thunderous applause 313 TQM Total Quality Management 533 lOl laughing out loud 315

627 Coding Schemas & Algorithms

L&R Later 316 DWORD Double Word 167 L TM Laugh to myself 319 EAN European Article Number 169 L TNS Long time no see 319 EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal L TR Long-term relationship 319 Interchange Code 171 LULAB Love you like a brother 320 FFT Fast Founer Transform 202 LULAS Love you like a sister 320 FOURCC Four-Character Code 207 MorF Male or female 346 hex hexadecimal 230 MUSM Miss you so much 355 IA5 International Alphabet 5 242 NP No problem 371 ICD International Code Designator 246 NRN No response necessary 372 IRV International Reference Version 275 OTOH On the other hand 398 LCID Locale Identifier 308 OTTOMH Off the top of my head 398 LZ Lempel-Zlv compression 321 PDA Public display of affection 407 LZH Lempel-Zlv- Hutfman 321 RL Real life 450 LZW Lempel- Zlv- Welch 321 ROFL Rolling on the noor laughing 452 MBCS Multiple-Byte Character Set 328 RPG Role-playing games 456 MTC Midi Time Code 352 RSN Real soon now 458 NRZ Non-Return-to-Zero 372 RYO Roll your own 460 NRZI Non Return-to-Zero Inverted 372 S4L Spam for (4) Life 461 quad bit Quadrate Bit 436 STW Search the Web 505 RNG Random Number Generator 452 TAFN That's all for now 510 UCS Universal Character Set 541 TGIF Thank God it's Friday 523 UPC Universal Product Code 547 THX Thanks 524 X.690 597 TIA Thanks in advance 524 XDR External Data Representallon 599 TMI Too much information 527 TIYL Talk to you later 537 Common Electronics Terms TU Thank you 537 AC Alternating Current 18 UW You're welcome 552 ACDC Alternating Current- Direct Current 19 WFM Works for me 582 AID Analog to Digital converter 23 WIBNI Wouldn't it be nice If 582 ADC Analog to Digital Converter 24 WTG Way to go 590 BNC Binary Network Connector 66 WU? What's up? 590 CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxlde- WUF? Where are you from? 590 Semiconductor (Silicon) 103 CODEC Coder-Decoder 108 Coding Schemas & Algorithms D/A Digital/Analog converter 127 ASCII American Standard Code for Informalton DAC Digital/Analog Converter 128 Interchange 43 DC Direct Current 135 BCD Binary Coded Decimal 58 OIL Dualln-Une package 145 BER Basic Encoding Rules 60 DIP Dual In-hne Package 146 BInHex Binary to Hexadecimal 61 E3 Electromagnetic Environment Effects 169 CCIDF Common Citation Inverse Document EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility 184 Frequency 83 EMI Electromagnetic Interference 185 DBCS Double-Byte Character Set 133 ESD Electrostatic Discharge 191 dlblt double information bit 145 FIW Firmware 212 DLZ1 Digital Lempel- Zlv 1 150 GND Ground 221 OV-I Digital Video Interactive 166

628 Computer Graphics

HERP Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation IBM International Business Machines 243 to Personnel 230 ICL International Computers Limited 247 HfIN Hardware 240 Intel Integrated Electronics 262 IIF Interface 255 ITXC Internet Telephony Exchange Carrier 1/0 InpuVOutput 264 Corporation 283 IR Infrared 270 NAI Networll Associates Inc. 357 LSI Large-Scale Integration 318 NCR National Cash Register 360 MSI Medium-Scale Integration 351 NEC Nippon Electric Company 362 PCB Printed Circuit Board 404 NTI Nippon Telegraph and Telephone PGA Pin Grid Array 413 Corporation 374 PPS Peripheral Power Supply 425 QAS Quality Assurance Services 434 PS Power Supply 428 RBOC Regional Bell Operating Company 443 RFI Radio-Frequency Interference 447 SAP Systems, Applications and Products RJ -xx Registered Jack xx 450 in Data Processing 465 SG Signal Ground 476 SCO Santa Cruz Operation 467 SIP Single In-line Package 482 SGI Silicon Graphics Inc. 477 SIPP Single In-line Pin Package 483 TI Texas Instruments 524 SLSI Super-Large-Scale Integration 484 USL UNIX System Laboratories 550 SMD Surface-Mount Device 485 WD Western Digital 577 SMT Surface-Mount Technology 489 WDC Western Digital Corporation 577 SPS Standby Power Supply 498 SSI Small-Scale Integration 502 Computer Graphics TEMPEST Transient Electromagnetic Pulse 2D Two (2)-DimensionaI4 Emanation Standard 521 3D Three (3)-Dimensional 6 ULSI Ultra-Large-Scale Integration 545 6DOF 6 Degrees Of Freedom 10 UPS Unlnterruptlble Power Supply 547 APA All Points Addressable 38 VCO Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 556 BITBL T Bit Block Transfer 63 VLSI Very-Large-Scale Integration 561 CAT Computerized Axial Tomography 79 CGI Computer Graphics Interface 93 Companies CGMIF Computer Graphics Metafile 3Com Computer, Communication Interchange Format 94 and Compatibility 6 CIE CommiSSion Internationale AMD Advanced Micro Devices 34 de l'Eclairage 96 AMI American Megatrends Inc. 34 CLUT Color Look-Up Table 101 AT&T American Telephone and CMM Color Management Module 103 Telegraph Company 52 CMS Color Management System 104 BBN Bolt, Beranek and Newman Inc. 57 CMY Cyan- Magenta- Yellow 104 BELLCORE Bell Communications Research 60 CMYK Cyan- Magenta- Yellow- Slack 104 BOC Bell Operating Company 66 CSG Constructive Solid Geometry 120 BSDI Berkeley Software Design Inc. 69 CSS Centralized Structure Store 122 CA Computer Associates International Inc. 72 DC Device Context 135 CDC Control Data Corporation 85 DC Device Coordinate 135 CRI Cray Research Inc. 117 DDA Digital Differential Analyzer 138 Damovo Data + Mobility + Voice 129 DDS Device-Dependent Bitmap 139 DEC Digital EqUipment Corporation 141 DIS Device-Independent Bitmap 144 HP Hewlett-Packard 234 !oxel font element 207

629 Computer Science Fields

GDI Graphical Device Interface 214 Computer Science Fields GKS Graphical Kernel System 219 AI Artificial Intelligence 30 GKS-3D Graphical Kernel System in 3D 220 ANN Artificial Neural Networks 37 HLHSR Hidden Line Hidden Surface CA Cellular Automata 72 Removal 231 CG Computer GraphiCS 92 HLS Hue Lightness Saturation 232 CS Computer Science 119 HSB Hue Saturation Brightness 236 CSCW Computer-Supported Cooperative HSV Hue Saturation Value 237 Work 119 ICR Intelligent Character Recognition 249 CSE Computer SCience and Engineering 119 IRGB Intensity Red Green Blue 271 DAI Distributed Artificial Intelligence 128 LUT Look-up Table 320 DB Database 131 NDC Normalized Device Coordinates 361 DDB Distributed Database 139 NPC Normalized Projection Coordinates 371 DIP Document Image Processing 146 OpenGL Open Graphics Library 390 DL Digital Library 149 PCS Profile Connection Space 406 EC Electronic Commerce 171 pel picture element 411 FSA Finite State Automata 210 PEX PHIGS Extension to the X Window HCI Human-Computer Interface 228 System 412 HPC High-Performance Computing 235 PHIGS Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive HPCC High-Performance Computing and Graphics System 413 Communications 235 pixel picture element 416 INFOSEC Information Security 261 PMS Pantone Matching System 419 IT Information Technology 280 PNG Portable Network Graphics 419 MM Multimedia 341 RAMDAC Random-Access Memory Dlgltal- MPP Massively Parallel Processing 349 to-Analog Converter 442 NCC Network-Centric Computing 359 RGB Red. Green. Blue 447 NLP Natural Language Processing 368 RGBA Red. Green. Blue. Alpha 448 RP Remote Programming 453 RIP Raster Image Processor 448 RTS Real-Time System 459 ROP Raster Operation 452 SE Software Engineering 473 slxel six pixels 483 VR Virtual Reality 565 SPHIGS Simple PHIGS 497 SVF Simple Vector Format 506 Computers & Systems SVG Scalable Vector Graphics 506 AS Application System 42 TGA Targa Graphics Adapter 523 LISA Local Integrated Software VIRGE Video Rendering Graphic Engine 560 Architecture 312 voxel volume pixel 563 MH Mobile Host 334 VRC View Reference Coordinates 565 MlcroVAX Micro Virtual Address Extended 336 WC World Coordinates 577 NC Network Computer 359 WDSS Workstation-Dependent Segment PC Personal Computer 404 Storage 579 PDP Programmable Data Processor 410 WISS Workstation-Independent Segment RS/6000 RISC System/6000 457 Storage 584 VAIO Video Audio Integrated XGKS X Graphical Kernel System 600 Operation 553 VAX Virtual Address Extended 554 WST Workstation 589

630 Conferences & Workshops

Conferences & Workshops CA Control and Applications 72 ACE Australasian Computing Education 19 CADE Conference on Automated Deduction 74 ACISP Australasian Conference on Information CAISE Conference on Advanced Information Security and Privacy 20 System Engineering 76 ACOSM Australian Conference on Software CAMP Computer Architecture for Machine Per• Measurement 21 ception 77 ACSAC Australasian Computer Systems CANPC Communlcalion Architecture Architecture Conference 22 and Applications for Network-based Parallel ACSC Australasian Computer Science Computing 77 Conference 22 CATE Computers and Advanced Technology in ADBIS Advances in Databases and Informallon Education 79 Systems 23 CATS Computing. The AustralaSian Theory ADC Australasian Database Conference 24 Symposium 79 ADL Advances in Digital Libraries 25 CAV Computer-Aided Verification 80 AH Adaptive Hypermedia 29 CBAIVL Content-Based Access of Image AI Applied Informatics 30 and Video Libraries 81 AlEC Artificial Intelligence and Electronic CC Compiler Construction 82 Commerce 30 CFP Call For Papers 92 AIMSA Artificial Intelligence: Methodology. CFP Computers. Freedom and Pnvacy 92 Systems. Applications 31 CGIM Computer Graphics and Imaging 94 ALENEX Algonthm Engineering CI Computational Intelligence 95 and Experiments 32 CIA Cooperative Information Agents 95 AL T Algonthmic Learning Theory 33 CICLlng Conference on Intelligent Text AMAST Algebraic Methodology and Software ProceSSing and Computational Technology 34 lingUistics 95 APAQS Asia-Pacific on Quality Software 38 CIKM Conference on Informalion APL Array Processing Languages 39 and Knowledge Management 96 APN Advances in Petri Nets 39 COCOON Computing and Combinatoncs Con• ARTDB Active and Real-Time Database ference 108 Systems 42 COLT Computational Learning Theory 109 ASC Artificial Intelligence and Soft COMAD Conference on Management Computing 43 of Data 110 ASM Applied Simulation and Modeling 46 COMPSAC Computer Software and ASPLOS Architectural Support Applications Conference 110 for Programming Languages and Operating CooplS Cooperative Information Systems 111 Systems 48 COSIT Conference on Spallallnformallon ASSET Application-Specific Systems and Soft• Theory 113 ware Engineering & Technology 48 CP Constraint Programming 113 ATAL Agent Theories Architecture CSCL Computer Supported Collaborative and Languages 49 Learning 119 AUIC AustralaSian User Interface CSCoRE Computer Security in a Collaborative Conference 52 Research Environment 119 AVI Advanced Visual Interfaces 53 CSL Computer Science LogiC 120 BIS Biologically Inspired Systems 62 CUU Conference on Universal Usability 125 BMCV Biologically Motivated Computer CVE Collaborative Virtual EnVironments 125 VIsion 65

631 Conferences & Workshops

CVPR Computer Vision and Pallern EWSPT European Workshop on Software Recognition 126 Process Technology 194 DCC Data Compression Conference 135 FG Face and Gesture Recognition 203 DEMM Database Schema Evolution and Meta• FM Formal Methods 205 Modeling 142 FolKS Foundation of Information DIAL-M Discrete Algorithms and Methods and Knowledge Systems 206 for Mobili ty 144 GETCO Geometrical and Topological Methods DOA Distributed Objects and Applications 154 In Concurrency 216 DSN Dependable Systems and Networks 161 GITM Global Information Technology and DSVIS Design Specification and Verification Management 219 of I nteractive Systems 162 GVE GraphiCS and Visualization Education 225 ECCV European Conference on Computer HICSS Hawaii International Conference Vision 172 on System SCiences 231 ECDL European Conference on Digital HPCA High-Performance Computer libraries 172 Architecture 235 ECEG European Conference on HPCN High-Performance Computing E-Government 172 and Networking Europe 235 ECITE European Conference on Information 13E IFIP Conference on E-Commerce. Technology Evaluation' 73 E-Business and E-Government 24 I ECKM European Conference on Knowledge IAIM International Academy for Information Management 173 Management 242 ECML European Conference on Machine IAT Intelligent Agent Technology 243 Learning 173 IAWTIC Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies ECOOP European Conference on Object- and Internet Commerce 243 Oriented Programming 173 IC3N International Conference on Computer ECWeb E-commerce and Web 174 Communications and Networks 244 EDBT European Database Technology 174 ICA3PP International Conference on EDOC Enterprise Distributed Object Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Computing 177 Processing 244 EFIS Engineering Federated Information ICC Iterative and Collaborative Computing 245 Systems 179 ICCAD International Conference on Computer EG Eurographics 180 Aided Design 245 EICAR European Institute for Computer ICCCN International Conference on Computer Antivirus Research 181 Communications and Networks 246 EMO Evolutionary Multi-Criterion ICCV International Conference on Computer Optimization 185 Vision 246 EMSOFT Embedded Software 186 ICDCS International Conference on Distributed ESA European Symposium on AlgOrithms 191 Computing Systems 246 ESOP European Symposium ICECCS International Conference on Programming 192 on the Engineering of Complex Computer ETAPS European Joint Conference on Theory Systems 247 and Practice of Software 192 ICEIS International Conference on Enterprise ETEC Emerging Trends in Electronic Information Systems 247 Commerce 193 ICMIT International Conference EUROCAST European Conference on Management of Innova\lOn on Computer-Aided System Theory 193 and Technology 247

632 Conferences & Workshops

ICN International Conference ISESS Interna\lonal Software Engineering on Networking 248 Standards Symposium 276 ICOIN International Conference on Information ISPASS International Symposium Networking 248 on Performance Analysis of Systems ICPADS International Conference on Parallel and Software 278 and Distributed Systems 249 ISQED Internallonal Symposium on Quality ICPP International Conference on Parallel Electronic Design 278 Processing 249 ISSRE International Symposium on Software ICSE International Conference on Software Reliability 279 Engineering 250 ISWC International Symposium on Wearable ICSM International Conference on Software Computers 280 Maintenance 250 ITCC Information Technology ICSR International Conference on Software Coding and Computing 281 Reuse 250 ITICSE Innovation and Technology ICSTM International Conference on Systems in Computer Science Education 281 Theory and Management 250 lUI Intelligent User Interfaces 283 ICTEC International Conference IWSSD International Workshop on Software on Telecommunications and Electronic Specification and Design 284 Commerce 250 JCDL Joint Conference on Digital libraries 287 IDEAL Intelligent Data Engmeerlng JCKBSE Joint Conference on Knowledge• and Automated Learning 253 Based Software Engineering 287 IHW Information Hidmg Workshop 257 KDD Knowledge Discovery IMSA Internet and Multimedia Systems and Data Minmg 299 and Applications 260 KMAC Knowledge Management IPCCC International Performance Computmg Conference 299 and Communica\lons Conference 267 LAP Language Action Perspective 306 IPDPS International Parallel and Distributed LATIN Latin Amencan Theoretical Processing Systems 267 Informa\lcs 306 IPDS International Performance LawTech Law and Technology 307 and Dependability Symposium 268 LCN Local Computer Networks 308 IPOM IP-onented Operations & LCR Languages, Compilers and Run-time Management 269 Systems 308 IQ Information Quality 270 LCTES Languages, Compilers and Tools IRSAIS International Research Symposium for Embedded Systems 309 on Accounting Information Systems 272 LOPSTR Logic-based Program Synthesis ISA Intelligent Systems and Applications 273 and Transformation 315 ISADS Interna\lonal Symposium MAMA Muill-Agents and Mobile Agents 324 on Autonomous Decentralized Systems 273 MCS Mul\lple ClaSSifier Systems 330 ISC Intelligent Systems and Control 274 MDA Mobile Data Access 331 ISCA International Symposium on Computer MODS Mobility in Databases and Distributed Architecture 274 Systems 332 ISCC IEEE SympoSium on Computers and MFCS Mathematical Founda\lons of Computer Communications 274 SCience 334 ISO Informa\lon Systems Development 275 MIC Modeling Identification and Control 336 ISECON Information Systems Education MICAI Medical Image Computmg Conference 275 and Computer-Assisted IntelVentlon 336

633 Conferences & Workshops

MMCN Multimedia Computing PPAM Parallel Processing and Applied and Networking 342 Mathematics 423 MOBICOM Mobile Communications 344 PPDP Principles and Practice of Declarative MS Modeling and Simulalion 350 Programming 423 MTCS Models for Time-Critical Systems 353 PRDC Pacific Rim Dependable Computing 425 MWCN Mobile and Wireless Communications PRIIA Pacific Rim Intelligent Information Agents Networks 356 426 NGC Networked Group Communications 365 PRIMA Pacific Rim International Workshop NGITS Next-Generation Information on Mulh-Agent Systems 426 Technologies and Systems 365 PSI Perspectives on System Informatics 428 NlDB Applications of Natural language QoflS Quality of Future Internet Services 435 to Data Bases 368 RA Robotics and Applications 438 NlP Natural language Processing 368 RAID Recent Advances in Intrusion NN Neural Networks 369 Detection 439 OECC Optoelectronics and Communications REP Requirements Engineering Process 446 Conference 382 RIDE Research Issues in Data Engineering 448 OHS Open Hypermedia Systems 383 RTA Rewriting Techniques OOPS LA Object-Oriented Programming and Applications 458 Systems. languages and Applications 389 RTSS Real-Time Systems Symposium 459 OSDI Operating Systems Design SAC Selected Areas In Cryptography 462 and Implementation 393 SAC Symposium on Applied Computing 462 PACIS Pacific- Asia Conference on Information SAINT Symposium on Applications Systems 400 and the Internet 464 PACT Parallel Architectures and Compiler The• SAGA Stohastic Algorithms, Foundation ory 400 and Applicalions 463 PADl Practical Aspects of Declarative SAIS Southern Association for Information languages 401 Systems 464 PADS Parallel and Distributed Simulation 401 SARA Symposium on Abstraction PAKDD Pacific-Asia Conference Reformulation and Approximation 465 on Knowledge Discovery SAS Static Analysis Symposium 466 and Data Mining 401 SC Structural Computing 467 PAKM Practical Aspects of Knowledge SCI Systemics. Cybernetics Management 402 and Informatics 467 PART Parallel and Real-Time Systems 403 SEA Software Engineering PDCS Parallel and Distributed Computing and Applications 474 and Systems 408 SEKE Software Engineering and Knowledge PDDM Parallel and Distributed Data Mining 408 Engineering 475 PDP Parallel and Distributed Processing 410 SIGCOMM SIG on Data Communlcalions 480 PDPTA Parallel and Distributed Processing SIGGRAPH SIG on Computer GraphiCS 480 Techniques and Applications 410 SIGMOD SIG on Management of Data 481 PKC Public Key Cryptography 417 SIP Signal and Image Processing 482 PMS Project Management and Scheduling 419 SKCF Strategic Knowledge and Concept PODC Principles of Distributed Computing 420 Formation 483 POPl PrinCiples of Programming SMC Systems. Man and CybernetiCs 485 languages 421 SMilE 3D Structure from Multiple Images of POS PerSistent Object Systems 421 Large-scale Environments 487

634 Control Characters

SMT Software Methods and Tools 489 WIC Women in Computing 582 SOFSEM Software Seminar 493 WICSA Working IEEEJIFIP Conference SPAA Symposium on Parallel Algorithms and on Software Architectures 582 Architectures 495 WIDM Web Information and Data SPC Signal Processing Management 582 and Communications 495 WISE Web Information System SSD Symposium on Spatial Databases 502 Engineering 584 SST Speech Science and Technology 503 WITS Workshop on Information Technologies SSTD Symposium on Spatial and Temporal and Systems 585 Dat.abases 503 WMCSA Workshop on Mobile Computing Sys• STACS Symposium on Theoretical Aspects tems and Applications 586 of Computer Science 503 WOMPAT Workshop on OpenMP Applications STARWEST Software Testing Analysis and Technologies 587 and Review 503 WVLSI Workshop on VLSI 590 TACAS Tools and Algorithms YOO Why Object Orientation 607 for the Construction and Analysis of Systems 509 Control Characters TCS Theoretical Computer Science 517 ACK Acknowledgment 20 TIC Types in Compilation 524 BOF Beginning-Of-File 66 TINA Telecommunications Information BS Backspace 68 Networking Architecture 525 CAN Cancel 77 TOOLS Technology of Object-Oriented CR Carriage Return 115 Languages and Systems 530 CRLF Carnage Return Line Feed 117 TSDM Temporal and Spatial Data Mining 535 CTL Control key 123 UDMS Urban and Regional Data Managemenl CTRL Control key 123 Symposium 541 DCn Device Control n 135 VIS Visualization 560 DEL Delete key 142 VLDB Very Large Databases 561 OLE Data-Link Escape 149 WABI Workshop on Algorithms ENQ EnqUiry Character 186 and Bioinformatics 571 EOF End-Of-File 187 WADS Workshop on Algorithms and Data EOL End-Ol-Line 187 Structures 571 EOR End-Ol-Record 187 WADT Workshop on Algebraic Development EOT End-Of-Tape 187 Techniques 572 EOT End-Of-Transmission 187 WAE Workshop on Algorilhm Engineering 572 ESC Escape 191 WAIM Web-Age Information Management 572 ETX End-ol-Te)(t 193 WCC World Computer Congress 577 FE Form Effectors 200 WCNC Wireless Communications FF Form Feed 202 and Networking Conference 577 FS File Separator 210 WDSI Western Decision Science Institute 579 HT HOrizontal Tabulation 237 We-B Working with e-Buslness 580 INS Insert key 262 WEBSIM Web-based Modeling LF Linefeed 310 and Simulation 580 NAK Negative Acknowledgment 357 WECWIS Workshop on E -commerce SOH Start Of Header 494 and Web-based Information Systems 581 SOM Start Of Message 494 WI Web Intelligence 582 SUB Substitute character 505

635 Databases

SYN Synchronizing character 508 EPOQUE European Parliament Online Query TC Transmission Control 512 System 188 TOF Top-Of-File 528 E-R Enllty-Relallonship model 189 TID Temporary Text Delay 536 ERD Entity-Relationship Diagram 190 ERDM Extended Relational Data Model 190 Databases FDBMS Federated Database Management 1 NF First (1st) Normal Form 3 System 197 2NF Second (2nd) Normal Form 5 FOBS Federated Database System 198 2PC 2 (Two)-Phase Commit protocol 5 GAL Global Address list 213 3NF Third (3rd) Normal Form 7 GAM Global Allocation Map 213 3PC 3 (Three)-Phase Commit protocol 7 HDBMS Hierarchical Database Management 4NF Fourth (4th) Normal Form 9 System 228 5NF Fifth (5th) Normal Form 10 IDC Internet Database Connector 251 ACID Atomicity. Consistency. Isolation. IMS Informallon Management System 259 Duration 20 INGRES Interactive GraphiC Retrieval ADB Active Database 23 System 261 ADBMS Active Database Management IRDS Informallon Resource Dlcllonary System 24 System 271 ADC Advanced Data Connector 24 ISAM Index Sequential Access Method 274 AFDW Active Framework for Data JDBC Java Database Connectivity 288 Warehousing 28 KWIC Keyword-In-Context 302 BCNF Boyce-Codd Normal Form 58 MOBS Mul\ldatabase System 331 BCP Bulk Copy Program 59 MVD Multlvalued DependenCies 356 BLOB Binary large Object 65 OLAP On-Line Analytical Processing 384 CDB Constraint Database 84 OLE DB Object linking and Embedding CDD CERN Drawing Directory 85 Database 385 CDF Comma Delimited Format 86 Ol TP On-line Transacllon Processing 385 C-ISAM C-wrllten Index Sequenllal Access OODB Object-Oriented Database 389 Method 99 OODBMS Object-Oriented Database DAl Data Access language 128 Management System 389 DAM Data Access Manager 128 OOGQl Object-Oriented GeographiC Query DB2 Database 2 132 language 389 dBase Database 132 OPAC Online Public-Access Catalog 390 DBlC Database Life Cycle 133 OPeRA Online Periodicals and Research DBMS Database Management System 133 Area 390 DID Data Dictionary 138 OQL Object Query language 390 DDBMS Distributed DBMS 139 OSQl Object-Structured Query language 398 DOC Distributed Data Catalog 139 QBE Query-By-Example 434 DOD Distributed Data Dictionary 139 QMF Query Management FaCIlity 435 DDl Data Definition (Descrip\lon) QUEl Query Language 436 Language 140 RDA Remote Data Access 444 DKNF Domain-Key Normal Form 149 RDBA Remote Database Access 444 DMl Data Manipulation language 151 RDBMS Relational DBMS 444 OW Data Warehouse 167 RTDB Real-Time Database 458 ECA Event. Condllion. Acllon 171 RTDBMS Real-Time Database Management EER Extended Entlty-Relallonshlp model 178 System 458

636 Distributed Processing & Systems

SBS Small Business Server 466 POS Point Of Sale 421 SE Storage Engine 474 TCU Terminal Control Unit 519 SGAM Shared Global Allocation Map 476 TOO Telecommunications Device SOL Structured Ouery Language 499 for the Deaf 519 SOU SOL Java 500 TTY Teletypewriter 536 SOUMM SOL Multimedia 500 VDT Video Display Terminal 557 SOUPSM SOL Persistent Storage Module 500 VDU Video Display Unit 557 SUPER Simply Unbeatable Palmtop Essentials VT Video Terminal 569 Repository 505 TPS Transaction Processing System 533 Distributed Processing & Systems TS Time Stamp 535 AFS Andrew File System 28 UDA Universal Da ta Access 541 CDS Cell Directory Service 88 USM Unified Semantic Model 550 CDS Cell Directory Server 88 VLDB Very Large Database 561 CICS Customer Information Control System 95 WOL Web Ouery Language 589 CRM Communications Resource Manager 117 XA Extended Architecture 597 DAM Deferred Action Message 128 DAP Directory Access Protocol 129 Devices DDM Distributed Data Management 140 1394 3 DDP Distributed Data Processing 140 ASF Automatic Sheet Feeder 45 DFS Distributed File System 143 ATM Automatic Teller Machine 51 DIB Directory In formation Base 145 BCR Bar Code Reader 59 DIT Directory Information Tree 148 CON Console 110 DMD Directory Management Domain 151 CRT Cathode-Ray Tube 117 ON Disllngulshed Name 152 CUT Control Unit Terminal 125 DP Data Processor 155 DVST Direct-View Storage Tube 166 OS Directory Service 158 FED Field Emission Display 201 DSA Directory Server Agent 158 FOSDIC Film Optical Scanning Device for Input DSM Distributed Shared Memory 159 to Computers 207 DTS Distributed Time Service 165 FST Flat Square Technology (Tube) 210 DUA Directory User Agent 165 HPC Handheld Personal Computer 235 ENCINA Enterprise Compullng IFD Interface DeVice 256 In a New Age 186 ITE Information Technology Equipment 281 GOA Global Directory Agent 214 IVDT Integrated VOice Data Terminal 284 GDS Global Directory Service 215 KBD Keyboard 297 GNS Global Name Service 221 KSR Keyboard Send/Receive 301 GUID Globally Unique Iden\lfier 225 KVM Keyboard, Video, Mouse 302 GWART Gateway Address Routing Table 226 LADS Local Area Data Set 303 IDL Interface DeSCription (Definition) LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Language 253 EmiSSion of Radiation 306 JNDI SPI JNDI Service PrOVider Interface 292 LCD liquid-Crystal Display 308 JTS Java Transaction Service 295 LDM limited-Distance Modem 309 MIDL Microsoft Interface Definition LP line Printer 316 Language 337 MODEM ModulatorlDemodulator 344 MOM Message-Oriented Middleware 345 PDA Personal Digital Assistant 407 NCA Network Computing Architecture 359 PID Personal Information Device 415 NOD NetWare Olfectory Database 361

637 EDI & Electronic Commerce (EC)

NOS NetWare Directory Service 362 e-money electronic money 186 NORMA No Remote Memory Access 371 e-talling electronic retailing 192 PLL Phase-Lock Loop 418 FSV Functional Service View 210 RON Relallve Distinguished Name 444 I-Commerce Internet Commerce 249 RDS Remote Data Services 445 IOTP Internet Open Trading Protocol 265 REX Remote Execution 446 JEPI Joint Electronic Payment Initiative 289 RM Resource Manager 450 NCF Network Computing Framework 360 RPC Remote Procedure Call 454 OFC Open Financial Connectivity 382 SAC Simplified Access Control 462 OFX Open Financial Exchange 383 SM Shared Memory 484 OTP Open Trading Protocol 398 TDS Tabular Data Stream 520 POI Public Data Internet 409 TM Transaction Manager 527 SEPP Secure ElectrOnic Payment Protocol 475 TP Transaction Processor 531 SET Secure Electronic Transactions 475 TS Time Stamp 535 UNSM United Nations Standard Message 547 TUXEDO Transaction Under UNIX Extended UNTOlD United Nations Trade Data for Distributed Operations 537 Interchange Directory 547 UFID Unique File Identifier 542 UMA Uniform Memory Access 545 Filenames & Formats •• Star-dot- star 1 EDI & Electronic Commerce (EC) 1ST First 4 B2B BUSlness-to-Buslness 55 AAF Advanced Authoring Format 15 B2C Buslness-to-Consumers 55 ABF Adobe Binary Font 17 B2G Business-to-Government 56 ABK Auto Backup 17 BOV BUSiness Operational View 67 ABR Adobe Brush 17 BSR BaSIC Semantic RepoSItory 69 ACF Application Configuration File 20 CALS Continuous AcqUisition Llfecycle ACL Accelerator liIe 20 Support 76 ACT Actor 22 CC Clearing Center 82 AD After Dark 23 CIP Common Interchange Pipeline 98 ADB Ada Body 23 DE Data Element 141 ADI AutoCAD DeVice-Independent file 25 EANCOM EAN + Communications 169 ADR AfterDark Randomizer 26 E-broker Electronic broker 171 ADS Ada Speclficallon 26 EC Electronic Commerce 171 AFM Adobe Font Metrics 28 e-cash electronic cash 172 AI Adobe Illustrator 30 EDCD EDIFACT Composite Data Elements AIF AudiO Interchange File 30 Directory 174 AIFC AudiO Interchange File Compressed 30 EDED EDIFACT Data Elements Directory 174 AIFF AudiO Interchange File Format 30 EDI Electronic Data Interchange 175 AIM AOL Instant Messenger 31 EDIFACT EDI For Administration Commerce AIT Advanced Intelligent Tape 31 and Transport 176 ALC ACUCOBOL License 31 EDIN ElectrOnic Data Interchange ANI Animated cursor 36 Notifications 177 ANS ANSI file 37 EDSD EDIFACT Segments Directory 177 APP Applica\lon file 40 EFTPOS Electronic Fund Transfer POint ARJ Archive Jung 41 of Sale 179 ASA Active Server Applicallon 43 EFTS Electronic Fund Transfer System 180 ASC ASCII 43

638 Filenames & Formats

ASP Active Server Pages 47 OCT Database Container 138 AST Assistant 48 OCT Dictionary file 138 AU Audio 52 DDF Data Definition File 139 AVI Audio Video Interleaved 53 DEF Definilion file 141 AXX ARJ xx 54 DEP Dependency file 142 b64 base 64 56 DIC Dlcllonary file 145 BAK Backup file 56 DIR Directory file 147 BAS BASIC 57 DLL Dynamic-link library 149 BAT Batch 57 DOC Document 154 BFC Briefcase 60 DPS Display PostScript 156 BMP Bitmap Picture 65 DRV Driver file 158 BRX Browse Index 68 DSN Data Source Name 161 BSC Browser Content 68 DSP Developer Studio Project 161 C C file 71 DSW Developer Studio Workspace 162 CAB Cabinet file 72 DTD Document Type Definition 163 CAG Clip Art Gallery 75 DWD DlamondWare Digitized 167 CAT Catalog file 79 DXF Drawing Interexchange Format 168 CB Clean Boot 81 EMF Enhanced Windows Metafile 185 CBL COBOL 81 EPS Encapsulated PostScnpt188 CCH Corel Chart 83 EPSF Encapsulated PostScript File 188 CDR CorelDraw 87 ERR Error file 190 COT CorelDraw Template 89 EXE Executable Program 194 COX Compound Index file 90 F FORTRAN file 195 CFG Configurallon file 92 F77 FORTRAN 77 file 195 CGM Computer Graphics Metafile 94 F90 FORTRAN 90 file 195 CHM Compiled HTML 94 FDF Forms Document File 199 CHP Chapter file 94 FFT Final-Form Text 202 CIL Clip Gallery Installallon library 96 FIF Fractal Image File 203 CLS Class 100 FITS FleXible Image Transport System 204 CLW Class Wizard 101 FLL FoxPro link Library 204 COB COBOL file 106 FLT Filter 205 COFF Common Object File Format 108 FMB Form Binary 205 COM Compact executable file 109 FMT Form Text 206 CPL Control Panel 115 FMX Form Execute 206 CPP C++ file 115 FNT Font file 206 CPT Corel Photo-Paint 115 FOR FORTRAN file 207 CRD Cardfile 116 FPT FoxPro Table 208 CSC Corel SCript 119 FRM Form 210 CSV Comma-Separated Values 122 FRX FoxPro Report 210 CTL User Control 123 TS Full-Text Search 211 CUR Cursors 124 FXP FoxPro 212 OAT Data file 130 GCP Ground Control POint file 214 DBC Database Container 133 GED Genealogical Data file 215 DBF dBase File 133 GID Global Index Directory 216 DBF Database File 133 GIF GraphiCS Interchange Format 217 DBG Debugger file 133 GNT Generated code 221

639 Filenames & Formats

GP3 Group 3 file 222 MET Metafile 334 GP4 Group 4 file 222 MHEG Multimedia/Hypermedia Expert GRA Graph 224 Group 334 GRD Grid file 224 MIM Muilipart Internet Mall 338 GRIB Grid In Binary 224 MME Muilipart MIME 342 GRP Group 224 MMF Microsoft Mail File 342 Gl GZlp file 226 MMM Microsoft Multimedia MOVie 342 H Header file 227 MNU Menu file 344 HDF Hierarchical Data Format 228 MOD Module file 344 HGL HP Graphics Language 231 MOV Movie 346 HLP Help file 232 MOl Mozilla file 34 7 HPGL Hewlett-Packard Graphics mp2 MPEG layer 2 file 347 Language 236 mp3 MPEG layer 3 file 347 HPJ Help Project file 236 MPE MPEG file 347 HTM HyperText Markup 237 MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group 348 HTML HyperText Markup Language 237 MPG MPEG file 348 ICO Icon 248 MPP Microsoft Project Project 349 IDX Index file 254 MPR Microsoft FoxPro 349 IGES Initial Graphics Exchange MPT Microsoft Project Template 350 Specification 256 MPX Microsoft Project Export 350 ILK Incremental Link 258 MSP Microsoft Paint 351 INF Information file 260 MTF Microsoft Tape Format 353 INI Initialize 261 NLS National Language Support 369 ISU Install Shield Uninstall 280 NWS News 375 JAR Java Archive 286 OAB Outlook Address Book 377 JBIG Joint Bilevel Image Experts Group 287 OBD Office Binder 378 JFIF JPEG File Interchange Format 289 OBJ Object file 378 JPE JPEG file 293 OBT Office Binder Template 378 JPEG JOint Photographic Experts Group 293 OCX OLE Custom Control 379 JPG JOint Photographic Experts Group 294 OLB OLE Object Library 384 JS JavaScnpts 294 OLE Object Linking and Embedding 384 LDB Lock Database 309 p package 399 LGO Logo file 311 P10 Plot10 399 LNK link file 315 PAG Property Page 401 LSP LISP file 318 PAT Pattern 403 LWP Lotus Word Pro 320 PCD Photo CD 404 M3D Motion 3D 323 PCF Pipeline Configuration File 404 MAM Microsoft Access Macro 324 PCH Precompiled Header 404 MAQ Microsoft Access Query 326 PCT Picture file 406 MAR Microsoft Access Report 326 PCX Picture any (X) Image 407 MAT MATLAB 327 PDB Program Database 408 MAT Microsoft Access Table 327 PDD Platform-Dependent Driver 408 MBOX Mailbox 328 PDF Portable Document Format 408 MBX Mailbox 329 PIF Program Information File 415 MDB Microsoft Access Database 331 PJT Project file 416 MDl Microsoft Access Database Wizard 332 PJX Project any (X) file 416

640 Filenames & Formats

PNG Portable Network Graphics 419 taLz tape archive zipped 511 POT PowerPoint Template 422 TEX TeX file 522 PPA PowerPoint Add-in 423 TEX Texture file 522 PPD PostScript Printer Description 423 TFF Tagged File Format 522 PPM Portable Pixel Map 423 TGA Targa GraphiCS Adapter 523 PPS PowerPoint Slide Show 425 THEME Theme file 524 PPT PowerPolnt 425 TIFF Tagged Image File Format 524 PRO Procedure Division 425 TLB Type Library file 527 PRF PICS Rules File 426 TMP Temporary file 527 PRG Program file 426 TNEF Transport-Neutral Encapsulation PRN Print file 427 Format 528 PS PostScript 427 ITF TrueType Font 536 PSD Photoshop Drawing 428 TZD Time Zone Data 538 PSP Photoshop file 429 VBP Visual Basic Project 555 PST Personal Message Store 430 VBW Visual Basic Workspace 555 psz PostScript zipped 430 VCT Visual FoxPro Class Template 556 PWZ PowerPoint Wizard 432 VCX Visual FoxPro Class library file 556 QPR Query Program 436 VIFF Vlsuahzationllmage File Format 559 QPX Query Program 436 VIR Virus file 560 QRY Query file 436 VLB Ventura Library 560 qt Quick Time 436 VOC Voice 562 QTM Quick Time Movie 436 VP Ventura Publisher 564 RAR Roshal's Archive 442 VSD VISIO Drawing 567 RAW Raw file 443 VSDIR Visual Studio Directory 568 REG Registration entity file 445 VSZ Visual Studio Wizard 569 RES Resource file 446 VxD Virtual any (x) Device driver 570 RTF RlchText Format 458 WAV Wave sound 575 SCR Screen saver 468 WBK Word Backup 576 SCR Screen Section File 468 WBMP Wireless Bitmap 576 SCT Screen Control Template 470 WMLS WML Script 587 SCX Screen Control any (x) 470 WIF Wavelet Image File 583 SD2 Sound Designer 2 471 WIZ Wizard file 585 SOli Sound Designer II 472 WMF Windows Metafile 586 shar shell archive 477 WPD WordPerfect Document 588 SLD Slide file 483 WPG WordPerfect GraphiC 588 SMF Screen Metafile 486 WPT WordPerfect Template 589 SMF Standard MIDI File 486 WRI Write document 589 SMI Self-Mounting Image 487 WRK Working storage 589 SNM Simple Network Mail 492 xbm X bitmap 597 SIPDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interface 496 XLA Excel Add-In 600 SPIFF Still Picture Interchange File Format 498 XLB Excel Toolbar 600 SPR Screen Program 498 XLC Excel Chart 601 SPX Screen Program any (x) 499 XLD Excel Dialog 601 STDIO Standard InpuVOutput file 503 XLK Excel Backup 601 tar tape archive 511 XLM Excel Macro 601 tar gz tape archive gzipped 511 XLS Excel Worksheet 601

641 Formal Methods & Techniques

XL T Excel Template 601 FPA Floating-Point Accelerator 207 xpm X11 pixelmap 604 FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array 207 FPLA Field-Programmable Logic Array 208 Formal Methods & Techniques FSB Front-Side Bus 210 ADT Abstract Data Type 27 GPIB General-Purpose Interface Bus 223 ASN 1 Abstract Syntax Notation One 46 HBA Host Bus Adapter 228 BNF Backus- Naur Form 66 HGC Hercules GraphiCS Card 231 CER Canonical Encoding Rules 91 HPIB Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus 236 DER Distinguished Encoding Rules 142 HSSI High-Speed Senal Interface 237 EBNF Extended Backus- Naur Form 171 12C Inter-IC 241 FDT Formal Description Technique 200 IC Integrated CirCUit 244 LOTOS Language Of Temporal Ordering ICA Intelligent Communication Adapter 244 Specification 315 ISA Industry Standard Architecture 273 SDL Specification and Design Language 472 LED Light-Emitting Diode 310 TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined MDC Mobile Daughter Card 332 Notation 536 MEMS Microelectromechanical System 333 VDL Vienna Definition Language 557 MOEMS Micro-Optical Electromechanical Sys- VDM Vienna Definition Method 557 tem 344 Z Z notation 609 NAC Network Access Controller 357 NGIO Next-Generation InpuVOutput 365 Hardware NIC Network Interface Card 366 ACIA Asynchronous Communications Interface NIM Network Interface Module 366 Adapter 20 NIU Network Interface Unit 368 ACS Asynchronous Communication Server 22 NPA NetWare Peripheral Architecture 371 ADB Apple Desktop Bus 23 OLGA Organic Land Grid Array 385 AGP Accelerated Graphics Port 29 PAL Programmable Array Logic 402 AMR AudiolModem Riser 35 PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect 404 ASI Adapter Support Interface 45 PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card ASIC Application Specific Integrated CircUit 45 International Association 405 AT Advanced Technology 48 PDS Processor-Direct Slot 410 BIA Burned-In Address 61 PGA Professional Graphics Adapter 412 BIB Bus Interface Board 61 PgDn Page Down 413 BIU Bus Interface Unit 64 PgUp Page Up 413 BPU Bndge Processing Unit 67 PMC PCI Mezzanine Card 418 CCD Charge-Coupled Device 82 RDRAM Rambus DRAM 445 CGA Color Graphics Adapter 92 SCI Scalable Coherent Interface 467 CIS Contact Image Sensor 98 SIR Serial Infrared 483 DB-n Data Bus connector number 132 STC System Time Clock 503 DCB Disk Coprocessor Board 135 SVGA Super VGA 506 DSP Digital Signal Processor 161 TIGA Texas Instruments Graphics EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter 180 Architecture 525 EISA Extended Industry Standard TNC Threaded Nut Connector 528 Architecture 183 UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver! EPP Enhanced Parallel Port 188 Transmitter 539 ESP Enhanced Senal Port 192 USB Universal Senal Bus 549 FDC Floppy Disk Controller 198

642 Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

USRT Universal Synchronous EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Receiverrrransmitter 550 Computer 178 VAFC VESA Advanced Feature Connector 553 ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator VCI Video Cursor Interface 556 And Calculator (Computer) 186 VDIF VESA Display Information File 557 IAL International AlgebraiC Language 242 VGA Video Graphics Array 558 JCL Job Control Language 287 VHSIC Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit 558 MUL TICS Multiplexed Information VIP Video Interface Port 559 and Computing Service 354 VLB VESA Local Bus 560 SPOOL Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On• VME Versa Module Eurocard 562 Line 498 VP&D VESA Plug and Display 564 TRADIC Transistorized Airborne Digital VRM Voltage Regulator Module 566 Computer 534 VSB VME Subsystem Bus 567 ZIF Zero Insertion Force 611 Human- Computer Interaction (HCI) ZIP Zig- zag Inline Package 611 AMS Andrew Message System 35 AUIS Andrew User Interface System 52 Hardware Attributes COW Character-Oriented Windows AGRAS Antlglare-Anllrenective-Antistatlc 29 interface 113 APM Advanced Power Management 39 CUA Common User Access 124 AZERTY 54 CUI Character User Interface 124 BIST Built-In Self-Test 63 GNOME GNU Network Object Model DDC Display Data Channel 139 Environment 221 DVI Diagonal Viewable Image 166 GUI Graphical User Interface 225 EDID Extended Display Identification Data 176 HL T Human Language Technologies 233 EoN Edge of Network 187 HTI Human- Technology Interface 237 FPD Full-Page Display 207 MVC Model View Controller 356 hi-re s high-resolution 231 OOUI Object-Oriented User Interface 390 HPA High-Performance Addressing 235 PM Presentation Manager 418 IAPC Instanlly Available/OnNow Personal SILK Speech, Image, Language, Computer 242 Knowledge 482 1M Input Method 258 Tclrrk Tool command languagerroolkit 513 LQ Letter Quality 316 Tk Toolkit 526 NLQ Near Letter Quality 369 UI User Interface 542 OIR On-line Insertion and Removal 383 UIL User Interface Language 543 P&P Plug and Play 422 UIMS User Interface Management System 543 PNP Plug and Play 420 UISRM User Interface System Reference QWERTY 436 Model 544 RO Receive-Only device 452 WIMP Windows, Icons. Menus and Pointing VIS Viewable Image Size 560 devices 583 WPS Workplace Shell 588 History of Computing WYSIAYG What You See 15 All You Get 592 ABC Atanasoff-Berry Computer 16 WYSIWYG What You See Is What ARPANET ARPA Network 42 You Get 592 BCPL Basic Combined Programming YANTSWIBTC You Also waNt To See Language 59 What Is Behind The Curtain 607 CP/M Control Program/Monitor 115

643 IEEE Standards

IEEE Standards MIS Management Information System 340 IEEE488, 223, 478 MMA Marketing MOnitOring and AnalySIS 341 IEEE802.x, 11 , 191 , 202, 306 OIS Office Information Systems 383 IEEE802.1, 11 STRINGS Statistical Report Integrated IEEE802.2, 11 , 149, 363, 490 Generation Service 505 IEEE802.3, 2, 3,11 , 52, 121 , 158, 206, 305, 313, 323, 327 Institutes & Universities IEEE802.4, 11 , 305, 323, 325 ACSDE Amencan Center for the Study IEEE802.5, 11 , 305, 323, 533 of Distance Education 22 IEEE802.6, 11 , 156, 323 ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 42 IEEE802.7, ll CEDAR Center of Excellence for Document IEEE802.8, 11 Analysis and Recognition 90 IEEE802.9, 11 , 283 CERN Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche IEEE802.10, 11 Nuclealre 91 IEEE802.11 , 12, 144, 203, 323, 586 CERT Computer Emergency Response IEEE802.12, 3, 12 Team 91 IEEE1003, 421 , 506, 509 CIRCIT Center for International Research on IEEE1014, 562 Communication and Information 98 IEEE1076, 558 CMU Carnegie Mellon University 104 IEEE1284, 3, 188 CNET Centre National d ' ~tudes IEEE1386.1, 418 des Telecommunications 105 IEEE1387.2, 599 CSIRO Commonwealth SCientific Industrial IEEE1596, 467 Research Organization 120 CTC Cornell Theory Center 122 Information Systems CWI Centrum voor Wiskunde BI Business Intelligence 61 en Informatica 126 BIS Business Information System 62 ECRC European Computer-Industry Research CEDAR CERN EDMS for Detectors and Centre GmbH 174 Accelerators 91 EICAR European Institute for Computer CIS Cooperative Information System 99 Antivirus Research 181 CWIS Campus-Wide Information System 126 EPIC Electronic Privacy Information Center 188 DSS DeCision Support System 161 EVL Electronic Visualization Laboratory 194 EDGAR Electronic Data Gathering AnalysIs and HKUST Hong Kong University of SCience Retrieval 175 and Technology 231 EIS Enterprise Information Systems 181 INRIA Instltut National de Recherche EIS Executive Information Systems 183 en Informallque et en Automatlque 261 GIS Geographic Information System 218 MCC Microelectronics and Computer IS Information System 273 Technology Corporation 329 LIDOS literature Information MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology 341 and Documentation System 311 MONET Multimedia Operating Systems LIS Land Information System 312 and Networking 346 MAPICS ManufactUring, Accounting NCC National Computer Centre 359 and Producllon Information Control NCSA National Center for Supercompu\lng System 326 Applications 360 MARVEL Machine-AsSisted Realization NVLAP Nallonal Voluntary Laboratory of the Virtual ElectrOnic Library 327 Accreditation Program 375

644 Internet Bodies & Organizations

PARC Palo Alto Research Center 403 IR Internet Registry 271 QUT Queensland University of Technology 436 IRC Internet Relay Chat 271 RAL Rutherford Appleton Laboratory 441 IS Internet Standard 273 SEI Software Engineering Institute 475 ISH Information Superhighway 276 SRC Semiconductor Research Corporallon 500 ITR Internet Talk RadiO 281 SRI Stanford Research Institute 501 MBONE Multicast Backbone 328 UCLA UniverSity of California MIL Military 338 at Los Angeles 541 MIME Multipurpose Internet Mall UIUC University of Illinois Extensions 338 at Urbana-Champaign 544 MOTD Message Of The Day 346 UNSW Universityof New South Wales 547 MTA Message Transfer Agent 352 UOW UniverSity of Wollongong 547 MTS Message Transfer System 353 WPI Worcester PolytechniC Inslltute 588 MUA Mail User Agent 354 WUSTL Washington UniverSity In St LOUIS 590 MUD Multi-User Dungeon (Dimension) 354 MUSE Multi-User Simulated Environment 355 Internet (Common Terms) MX Mall Exchange 356 6bone IPv6 Internet Backbone 10 netlquette network etiquette 363 @ at sign 12 Netlzen Network Citizen 363 ASP Application Service Provider 47 NGI Next-Generation Internet 365 AUP Acceptable Use Policy 52 NIC Network Information Center 366 BBS Bulletin Board System 57 NIS Network Information Services 367 Bcc Blind Carbon Copy 58 NS Name Server 372 BCP Best Current Practices 59 PAB Personal Address Book 400 BIND Berkeley Internet Name Domain 61 PPC Pay Per Click 423 cc carbon copy 82 QBone Q Backbone 434 CNAME CanOnical Name 104 QPS QBone Premium Service 436 COM Commercial 109 RFD Request for Discussion 446 DNS Domain Name System 153 RR Resource Records 456 001 Digital Object Identifier 154 SIFT Stanford Information Filtenng Tool 478 EDU Education 178 SLD Second-Level Domain 483 e-mail electroniC mall 184 SOA Start Of Authority 493 FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name 208 STD Standard 503 FYI For Your Information 212 UA User Agent 539 GNN Global Network NaVigator 221 UIDL Unique 10 Listing 543 GOV Government.al 222 UNC Uniform Naming Convention 545 12 Internet 2 241 URN Uniform Resource Name 549 lAP Internet Access Provider 242 USENET Users Network 550 I· 0 Internet Draft 250 WINS Windows Internet Naming Service 584 IIXNET Internet-Intranet-Extranet 257 INT International 262 Internet Bodies & Organizations Internet Interconnected networks 262 ARIN Amencan Registry of Internet Interpedla Internet Encyclopedia 264 Numbers 41 IPL Internet Public Library 268 CIX Commercial Internet eXchange 99 IPP Internet Presence Provider 269 CNRI Corporation for National Research IPPP Internet Presence Provider Initiatives 105 and Promoter 269 lAB Internet Architecture Board 242

645 Internet Prot.::.o.::.co::..:'.::.s ______lANA Inlemel Assigned Numbers Aulhorlty 242 and Key Management Protocol 274 ICANN Internet Corporallon for Assigned L2F Layer 2 Forwarding 303 Names and Numbers 245 L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol 303 IEPG Inlernel Engineering Planning Group 255 LCP Unk Control Protocol 308 IESG Inlernel Engineering Sleerlng Group 255 LDAP Ughtweight Directory Access IETF Inlemel Engineenng Task Force 255 Protocol 309 InlerNIC Inlernel Network Informallon LIP Large Internet Packet 312 Cenler 264 NCP Network Control Protocol 360 IPRA Internet Policy Registration Authonty 269 NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol 369 IRTF Internet Research Task Force 273 NTP Network Time Protocol 374 ISOC Internet Society 278 PAP Password Authentication Protocol 402 ISP Internet Service Provider 278 PI NE Program for Internet News WTS Web Transacllon Security 590 and E-mail 416 ping packet internet grouper 416 Internet Protocols POP3 Post Office Protocol version 3 420 AARP AppleTalk Address Resolullon RARP Reverse Address Resolullon Protocol 16 Protocol 443 ACAP Applica\lon Configuration Access RDP Reliable Datagram Protocol 445 Protocol 19 RSIP Realm-SpeCific IP 458 AFTP Anonymous File Transfer Protocol 29 RTP Real-lime Transfer Protocol 459 Archie Archive 41 RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol 459 ARP Address Resolulion Protocol 41 SAP Session Announcement Protocol 465 CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentlcallon SCP Session Control Protocol 467 Protocol 94 SDP Session Description Protocol 473 CIFS Common Internet File System 96 SIPP Simple Internet Protocol Plus 483 CSlIP Compressed SLIP 120 SLIP Serial-Une Internet Protocol 483 DCC Direct Client-to-Client protocol 136 SMTP Simple Mall Transfer Protocol 489 DMSP Distributed Mail System Protocol 152 SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol 493 FLIP Fast Local Internet Protocol 204 TCP Transmission Control Protocol 514 FTP File Transfer Protocol 211 TCPIIP Transmission Control Protocol/lntemel ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol 247 Protocol 515 ICP Internet Cache Protocol 245 Telnet Teletype Network 521 IGMP Internet Group Management TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol 523 Protocol 256 ToS Type of Service 531 IGP Interior Gateway Protocol 256 TTL Time To Uve 536 IHL Internet Header Length 257 UDP User Datagram Protocol 541 IMAP Internet Mall Access Protocol 259 VIP Virtual Internet Protocol 560 IP Intemet Protocol 265 VolP VOice over Internet Protocol 563 IPCP IP Control Protocol 267 IPDC Internet Protocol Device Control 267 Internetworking IPng Internet Protocol next generation 269 & Network Management IPP Intemel Pnnting Protocol 269 AAR Automa\lc Alternate Routing 16 IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 270 ABR Area Border Router 18 IPv5 Internet Protocol version 5 270 ACC Active Congestion Control 19 IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 270 AD Admlnlstrallve Domain 23 JSAKMP Internet Security Associahon AM Accounting Management 33

646 Internetworking & Network Management

AM Active Monitor 33 EMS Element Management System 186 AMP Active Monitor Present 34 EPD Early Packet Discard 187 AMT Address Mapping Table 35 FC Feedback Control 196 ART Asynchronous Remote Takeover 42 FIX Federal Information Exchange 204 ARTS AsynChronous Remote Takeover FUNI Frame User Network Interface 212 Server 42 GIPR Gigabit IP Router 218 AS Autonomous System 43 HMMA HyperMedia Management AToM ATM Management Objects 51 Architecture 233 AToM MIB AToM Management Informallon HMMP HyperMedia Management Protocol 233 Base 51 HMOM HyperMedia Objects Manager 234 AURP AppleTalk Update Routmg Protocol 52 HPR High-Performance Routing 236 B Bridge 55 IASG Internetwork Address Subgroup 243 BGP Border Gateway Protocol 61 IBMNM IBM Network Management 244 BICI Broadband Inter-Carrier Interface 61 ICN Implicit Congestion Notlfica\ion 248 BIP Bit Interleaved Parity 62 Internet internetwork 262 BMTI Block Mode Terminal Interface 66 I-PNNI Integrated Private Network-to-Network BN Bridge Number 66 Interface 269 BPDU Bridge Protocol Data UmI 67 I-POP I-WAY Point of Presence 269 Brouter Bridging router 68 IRDP ICMP Router Discovery Protocol 271 CAU Controlled Access Unit 79 IWU Internetworking Unit 284 CBDS Connectionless Broadband Data LAA Locally Administered Address 303 Service 81 LBS LAN Bridge Server 308 CBQ Class-Based Queuing 81 LDCM LAN Desk Chent Manager 309 CIDR Classless InterDomain Routing 95 LIS LogicallP Subnet 312 CMOT CMIP Over TCP 104 LMI Local Management Interface 313 CNM Customer Network Management 105 LMU LAN Manager for UNIX 314 CNR Complex Node Representallon 105 LM/X LAN Manager for UNIX 314 COS Class Of Service 112 LNNI LAN emulation Network-to-Network CRF Connection-Related Function 116 Interface 330 DE Discard Eligibility 141 LSA Lmk-State Advertisement 317 DELNI Digital's Ethernet Local Network LSP Lmk-State Packet 318 Interconnect 142 LSP Link-State Protocol 318 DESPR Digital Ethernet Single-Port LSR Leaf Setup Request 318 Repeater 142 LSRR Loose Source and Record Route 318 DESTA Digital Ethernet Station Adapter 142 MAE Metropolitan Area Ethernet 324 DPA Demand Protocol Architecture 155 MARS Mul\lcast Address Resolu\lon DTL DeSignated TranSit List 163 Server 326 DTS Digital Termination Service 165 MAU Multlstallon Access Unit 328 DVMRP Distance Vector Muilicast Routmg MIB Management Informallon Base 336 Protocol 166 MICE Management Informallon Control DVP Distance Vector Protocol 166 and Exchange protocol 336 DXI Data Exchange Interface 168 MLP Multllink Procedures 341 ECN Explicit Congestion Notification 173 MMR Microsoft Multicast Router 342 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol 181 Mn Management interface n 343 EIB Enterprise Information Base 181 MOSPF Multicast OSPF 346 EML Element Management Layer 185 MP Multihnk PPP 347

647 Internetworking & Network Management

MPLS Multi-Protocol Label SWitching 349 RPF Reverse Path Forwarding 455 MPOA Multiprotocol Over ATM 349 RSFG Route Server Functional Group 457 MPPP Multilink Point-to-Polnt Protocol 349 RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol 458 MPR Multlprotocol Router 350 RTAM Remote TelecommUnications Access MPTN Multi-Protocol Transport Network 350 Method 458 MSNF Multisystem Networlling Facility 351 RTMP Routing Table Maintenance MST Minimum Spanning Tree 352 Protocol 458 NAT Network Address Translator 358 RTI Round-Trip Time 459 NCC Network Control Center 359 SGMP Simple Gateway MOnitoring NCCF Network Communications Control Protocol 477 Facility 359 SMDS Switched Multimegablt Data Service 485 NHRP Next-Hop Resolution Protocol 365 SMI Structure of Management Information 487 NHS Next-Hop Server 366 SMS System Management Server 488 NICE Network Information and Control SMT Station Management 489 Exchange 366 SNI System Network Interconnection 492 NIS Network Information System 367 SNMP Simple Network Management NLSP NetWare link-State Protocol 369 Protocol 492 NMA Network Management Architecture 369 SPA Spanning-Tree Algorithm 495 NML Networll Management Layer 369 SPF Shortest Path First 497 NMS Network Management System 369 SPT Spanning-Tree Algorithm 499 NNI Network-to-Networllinterface 369 SQuiD Source Quench Introduced Delay 500 NOC Network Operations Center 370 SR Source Routing 500 NPC Network Parameter Control 371 STDA StreetTalk Directory Assistance 503 NVE Network-Visible Entity 375 STE Spanning-Tree Explorer 504 OSPF Open Shortest Path First 398 STE Station Terminal Equipment 504 PAD Packet Assembler/Disassembler 400 T9 Transparent Bridging 511 PG Peer Group 412 TCAM Telecommunications Access PIM Protocol-Independent Multicast 415 Method 512 PIR Protocol-Independent Routing 416 TENNIS Typical Example of a Needlessly PLS Primary Link Station 418 Named Interface Standard 521 PMF Parameter Management Frame 419 TIC Token Ring Interface Coupler 524 PMTU Path Maximum Transfer Unit 419 TM Traffic Management 527 PNM Physical Networll Management 419 TONICS Telephone Operations Network PNNI Private Network-to-Network Interface 420 Integrated Control System 530 PPP POint-to-Point Protocol 424 TSA Target Service Agent 535 PSE Packet-Switching Exchange 428 UAL User Access Une 539 PSN Packet-Switching Node 429 UNI User Network Interface 546 PTSE PNNI Topology State Element 430 UNMA Unified Network Management PTSP PNNI Topology State Packet 430 Architecture 546 PVC Permanent Virtual CirCUit 432 VC Virtual Circuit 555 QoS Quality of Service 435 VCC Virtual Channel Connection 556 R Router 437 VCN Virtual Circuit Number 556 RD Routing Domain 444 VP Virtual Path 564 RIP Routing Information Protocol 448 VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol 567 RM Resource Management 450 VSND Virtual SourceNirtual Destination 568 RMON Remote Monitoring 451

648 ISO Standards

VTAM Virtual Telecommunications Access ISO Standards Method 569 IS0646, 242 WBEM Web-Based Enterprise IS01539, 207 Management 575 1503166, 154 XMOG XlOpen Managed Object GUide 602 1507492, 219 XMPP XlOpen ~anagement Protocols 1507498, 395, 597 Profiles 602 IS07809, 229 ZAI Zero Administration Inltlallve 609 IS08473, 100 ZAW Zero Admnlstration for Windows 609 IS08571 , 210 , 277 liP lone Informa lion Protocol 611 IS08613, 379 liT lone Informa tion Table 611 IS08613-5, 381 liS lone Informa tion Socket 611 IS08632, 94 IS08648, 265 ISDN ISOIIEC8802, 11 , 12, 121 , 305 2B+D Two Base channels + 0 channel 4 1508805, 220 ACM Address Co mplete Message 21 IS08807, 315 AIS Alarm Indica \ion Signal 31 IS08824, 46 ANI Automatic Number Identlficahon 36 IS08825-1 ,597 ANM Answer Me ssage 36 1508831 , 295 B Bearer channel 55 IS08832, 295 BACP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol 56 IS08879, 237, 477 B-ISDN Broadband ISDN 62 1509000, 98, 410, 433 BISUP B-ISDN User's Part 63 IS09001 , 433 BOND Bandwidth On Demand 66 IS09040, 569 BRA Basic Rate Access 68 IS09041 , 569 BRI BasIc Rate Interface 68 IS09072, 452 BTE Broadband Terminal Equipment 70 ISO/IEC9075, 500 CCS7 Common C hannel Signaling 7 84 IS09314, 198 CIF Common Intermediate Format 96 ISO/lEC9316, 469 CLIO Calling line Identificalion 100 ANSIIIS09318, 268 o Data channel 127 IS09592, 413 DDR Dlal-on-Demand Routing 140 IS09594, 215, 595 , 597 , 599 FEBE Far-End Block Error 200 IS09595, 102 FERF Far-End Receive Failure 202 IS09636, 93 H High-speed channel 227 ISOIIEC9646, 550 ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network 275 IS09660, 88 N ISDN Narrow-band ISDN 368 IS09735, 176, 547 NT 1 Network Termlnator-l 374 IS09945, 421 PRI Primary Rate Interface 426 IS010021 , 335, 595 SPID Service Profile Idenlifier 498 IS010026, 164 SS7 Signaling System 7 501 IS010160, 258 STM Synchronous Transfer Mode 505 IS010161 , 258 TA Terminal Adapter 509 ISO/IEC10165-4, 214 TE Terminal EqUipment 520 IS010180, 496 TEn Terminal Equipment type n (n =l ,2) 520 ISO/IEC10646, 541 ISO/IEC10744, 240

649 Job Professions & Titles

ISO/IEC 10918-3, 498 IJCIO International Journal of Computational IS011756, 355 Intelligence and Organization 258 ISOIIEC13522, 334 IJCIS International Journal of Cooperative In• ISOIIECI4662, 175 formation Systems 258 IJHCS International Journal of Job Professions & Titles Human- Computer Studlesl CIO Chief Information Officer 98 Knowledge Acquisition 258 CIW Certified Internet Webmaster 99 IJIM International Journal of Informallon CNA Certified NetWare Administrator 104 Management 258 CNE Certified NetWare Engineer 105 IMR Internet Monthly Report 259 CNI Certified NetWare Instructor 105 IPL Information Processing Lellers 268 DA Data Administrator 127 IRG Internet Resource Guide 271 DBA Database Administrator 132 IR·L Information Retrieval Letter 271 DSO Database Secunty Officer 161 IRMJ Information Resources Management ECNE Enterprise Certified NetWare Journal 272 Engineer 173 ISBN International Standard Book Number 274 IRM Information Resource Manager 272 ISJ Information Systems Journal 276 SYSADM System Administrator 508 ISN Internet Society News 276 SYSOP System Operator 508 ISR Information Systems Research 278 ISSN International Standard Senal Number 279 Journals & Other Publications JACM Journal of the ACM 285 AMAI Annals of MathematiCs and Artificial JAIR Journal of Artificial Intelligence Intelligence 33 Research 286 CACM Communications of the ACM 73 JAR Journal of Automated Reasoning 286 CG&A Computer GraphiCS and Applications 93 JASIS Journal of the American Society CGF Computer Graphics Forum 93 for Informallon Science 286 CI Communications Interactive 95 JCN Journal of Communications CiSE Computing In Science and Networks 287 and Engineering 99 JCSS Journal of Computer and System DISC Digital Symposium Collecllon 148 Sciences 287 DKE Database and Knowledge JDA Journal of Discrete Algorithms 287 Engineering 148 JDM Journal of Database Management 288 D&T Design & Test of Computers 162 JEA Journal of Experimental Algonthms 288 EJNDP ElectroniC Journal of Networks JEUC Journal of End- User Computing 289 and Distributed Processing 183 JFLP Journal of Functional and Logic EJO Electronic Journals Online 183 Programming 289 ENTCS Electronic Notes In Theoretical JFP Journal of Functional Programming 289 Computer Science 187 JGIM Journal of Global Informallon FAC Formal Aspects of Computing 195 Management 289 FOLDOC Free On-Une Olctionary JIBC Journal of Internet Banking of Computing 207 and Commerce 290 IC Internet Computing 244 JIIS Journal of Intelligent Information IDA Intelligent Data AnalYSIS 250 Systems 290 IJAIS International Journal of Accounting JIP Journal of Internet PurchaSing 290 Information Systems 258 JIT Journal of Information Technology 290

650 Local Area Networks (LANs)

JITCA Journal of Information Technology TODAES Transactions on Design Automation Cases and Apphcaltons 290 of ElectroniC Systems 528 JITI Journal of Informalton Technology TODS Transacllons on Database Systems 528 Impact 290 TOG Transac\lons on GraphiCS 529 JITM Journal of Information Technology TOIS Transactions on Information Systems 529 Management 290 TOMACS Transactions on Modeling JITTA Journal of Informalton Technology and Computer Simulation 529 Theory and Applicalton 290 TOMS Transactions on Mathematical JLP Journal of Logic Programming 291 Software 530 JoDI Journal of Digital Information 292 TON Transactions on Networking 530 JODL International Journal TOP LAS Transactions on Programming on Digital Libraries 292 Languages and Systems 531 JOL Journal of Online Law 293 TOSEM Transactions on Software Engineering JSAC Journal on Selected Areas and Methodology 531 of Communications 294 TPAMI Transactions on Pattern AnalYSIS and JSC Journal of Symbolic Computation 294 Machine Intelligence 532 KAIS Knowledge and Information Systems 297 TSE Transactions on Software Engineering 535 LNAI Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 314 TVCG Transactions on Visualization LNCS Lecture Notes In Computer Science 314 and Computer Graphics 537 MONET Mobile Network and Apphcaltons 346 UAIS Universal Access In the Information MSCS Mathematical Structures in Computer Society 539 Science 351 VLDB Very Large Databases 561 MSDN Microsoft Development Network 351 NI Network Interacltve 366 Local Area Networks (LANs) NIS Networking and Information Systems 367 10-100 1 PACS Public Access Computer Systems 10base2 10 Mbps Baseband 200 m 1 Review 400 10Base5 10 Mbps Baseband 500 m 1 PCI Personal Communications Interactive 405 10BaseF 10 Mbps Baseband Fiber 1 SCI SCience Citation Index 467 10BaseFB 10 Mbps Baseband Fiber SCP SCience of Computer Programming 467 Backbone 1 SPE Software-Practice and Expenence 496 10BaseFL 10 Mbps Baseband Fiber Link 1 TALIP Transactions on ASian Language 10BaseFP 10 Mbps Baseband Fiber Passive 1 Information Processing 510 10BaseT 10 Mbps Baseband Twisted Pair 1 TAPOS Theory and Practice of Object 10BaseX 10 Mbps Baseband any Ethernet 2 Systems 511 10Broad36 10 Mbps Broadband 36 MHz 2 TC Transactions on Computers 511 100BaseFX 100 Mbps Baseband Fast TCS Theoretical Computer Science 517 Ethernet 2 TISSEC Transactions on Information Systems 1OOBase T 100 Mbps Baseband TWisted Pair 2 Secunty 526 100BaseT4 100 Mbps Baseband TKDE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Twisted Pair (4) 2 Engineering 526 100BaseTX 100 Mbps Baseband TOCHI Transactions on Computer- Human Twisted Pair X 2 Interaction 528 100BaseVG 100 Mbps Baseband TOCL Transactions on Computational Voice Grade 3 LogiC 528 100BaseX 100 Mbps Baseband TOCS Transactions on Computer Systems 528 Ethernet 3

651 Measurement Units, Methods & Terms

1000BaseCX 1000 Mbps Baseband AWG American Wire Gauge 54 Copper any (Xl Ethernet 3 b bit 55 AC Access Control 18 B Byte 55 BCN Beacon 58 Bd Baud 59 CATV Community Antenna Television 79 BER Bit Error Rate 60 DSPU Downstream Physical Unit 161 BLER Block Error Rate 65 ED End Delimiter 174 bpI bits per inch 67 ELAN Emulated LAN 183 bps bits per second 67 ETR Early Token Release 193 BR Bit Rate 68 HIPERLAN High-Performance Radio LAN 231 BW BandWidth 70 HSLAN High-Speed Local Area Network 236 Ccs Hundred (C) call seconds 83 Isoenet lsochronous Ethernet 278 CFM Cubic Feet per Minute 92 ITT Invitation To Transmit 282 CGS Centimeter- Gram-Second 94 LAM Lobe Attachment Module 303 CIR Committed Information Rate 98 LAN Local Area Network 303 cpi characters per inch 114 LANE LAN Emulation 305 cps characters per second 115 LAN/RM LAN Reference Model 306 CRM Cell Rate Margin 117 LE LAN Emulation 309 dB decibel 131 LEC LAN Emulation Client 309 dpi dots per inch 155 LECID LAN Emulahon Cllentldenllfler 310 EB Exabyte 171 LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server 310 EFS Error-Free Seconds 179 LES LAN Emulation Server 310 F Farad 195 LUNI LANE User-to-Network Interface 320 FLOPS Floating-pOint Opera lions MAU Media Access (Attachment) Unit 327 per Second 205 MPR Multi-Port Repeater 350 FRTI Fixed Round-Trip Time 210 NAUN Nearest Active Upstream Neighbor 358 GB Gigabyte 213 OS LAN Open System Local Area Network 398 Gbps Gigabits per second 213 PACE Priority Access Control Enabled 400 GFLOPS Glga Floahng-polnt Operations PDC Primary Domain Controller 408 per Second 216 RAS Remote-Access Server 443 GHz Gigahertz 216 RliRO Ring In/Ring Out 449 GIPS Giga Instructions Per Second 218 SO Start Delimiter 471 Hz Hertz 240 SM Standby Monitor 484 Kb Kilobit 297 THT Token Holding Time 524 KB Kilobyte 297 TIRT Target Token Rotahon Time 536 Kbps Kllobits per second 298 UNA Upstream Neighbor's Address 545 kHz kilohertz 299 ZDL Zero-Delay Lockout 610 KLOC Kilollnes Of Code 299 LOC Lines Of Code 315 Measurement Units, Methods & Terms Ipm lines per minute 316 50X 50 hmes X 9 Mb Megabit 328 A Ampere 13 MB Megabyte 328 ABBH Average BounCing Busy Hour 16 MFLOPS Million Floating-point Operahons ACR Attenuation to Crosstalk RatiO 22 per Second 334 ALM Airline Miles 32 MHz Megahertz 335 AR Access Rate 40 MIPS Million Instrucllons Per Second 340 AVC Average lines of Code 53 mpp minutes per page 349

652 Microprocessors ms millisecond 350 EPROM Erasable Programmable ROM 188 MTBF Mean Time Between Failures 352 FEPROM Flash EPROM 202 MnR Mean Time To Repair 353 FPM Fast Page Mode 208 NOT Network Data Throughput 362 NVM Nonvolatile Memory 375 ns nanosecond 372 NVRAM Nonvolatile RAM 375 NVP Normal Velocity of Propagation 375 OTP One-Time Programmable 398 OHM 383 PMMU Paged Memory Management Unit 419 PB Petabyte 404 PRAM Parameter Random-Access PDV Path Delay Value 411 Memory 425 POFOD Probability or Failure On Demand 420 PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory 427 ppm pages per mmute 423 PSRAM Pseudo-Static Random-Access RIT Rate of Information Transfer 450 Memory 430 RMS Root Mean Square 452 RAM Random-Access Memory 441 ROCOF Ra te of Occurence Of Failures 452 RAS Row-Address Strobe 443 SCR Signal-to-Crosstalk Ratio 468 ROM Read-Only Memory 452 SES Severely Errored Seconds 475 RPROM Reprogrammable PROM 456 SIN Signal-to-Noise ratio 489 SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic RAM 473 SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio 493 SGRAM Synchronous Graphics RAM 477 SPECmark Systems Performance Evaluation SIMM Single In-line Memory Module 482 Cooperative benchmark 496 SO DIMM Small-Outline DIMM 493 TB Terabyte 511 SRAM Static Random-Access Memory 500 TFIDF Term Frequency - Inverse Document UVPROM Ultra-Violet-Erasable PROM 552 Frequency 522 VRAM Video Random-Access Memory 565 Tbps Terabits per second 511 WRAM Windows RAM 589 TPS Transactions Per Second 533 tWIP twentieth of a pomt 537 Microprocessors V Volt 553 80X86 12 VIAD VESA Image-Area Definition 558 AC Accumulator 18 VOP Velocity Of Propagation 563 ACC Accumulator 19 W Watt 571 ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power management Interface 21 Memories AHA Accelerated Hub Architecture 30 BEDO Burst EDO 60 ALU Arithmetic LogiC Unit 33 CAM Content Addressable Memory 77 ARC Advanced RISC Computing 41 CAS Column Address Strobe 78 BHT Branch History Table 61 COMA Cache-Only Memory Architecture 110 BOA Binary-translation Optimized DDR Double Data Rate 140 Arc hitect u re 66 DIMM Dual In-line Memory Module 146 BSB Backside Bus 68 DMA Direct Memory Access 151 BTB Branch Target Buffer 70 DRAM DynamiC Random-Access Memory 157 CAP Complexity Adaptive Processors 77 ORO Destructive Read Out 158 CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer 99 E2PROM E2 Programmable Read-Only CPU Central Processing Unit 115 Memory 169 DIB Dual Independent Bus 145 EAROM Electrically Alterable ROM 169 OX Double Extension 168 EDO Extended Da ta Ou t 177 EPIC Explicitly Parallel Instruction EEPROM Electrically Erasable PROM 178 Compullng 188

653 Miscellany

FLOP Floating-point Operation 205 aWQ Buzz Word Quotient 70 FPA Floating-POint Accelerator 207 CBT Computer-Based Training 81 FPU Floating-POint Unit 208 CDA Communicalions Decency Act 84 FRC Funcllonal Redundancy Check 210 CMC Computer-Mediated Communication 101 FU Funclional Unit 212 CMI Computer-Managed Instruction 101 ILP Instruc\lon-Level Parallelism 258 CNC Computer Numerical Control 105 IRQ Interrupt Request 272 COA Certificate of AuthentiCity 106 IRQL Interrupt Request Level 272 E Exponent 169 L 1 Level 1 cache 303 FIP Fair Information Practices 203 L2 Level 2 cache 303 FLEA Four-Letter Extended Acronym 204 L3 Level 3 cache 303 FMS Flexible Manufactunng System 206 MCA MICro Channel Architecture 329 GCD Greatest Common DIVisor 214 MESI Modified, Exclusive, Shared GIGO Garbage In , Garbage Out 217 or Invalid 333 ICDL International Centre for Distance MIPS Microprocessor Without Interlocking Learning 247 Pipeline Stages 340 ICP Independent Content Provider 249 MMU Memory Management Unit 343 IETM Interactive Electronic Technical MMX Matrix Math Extensions 343 Manual 255 NUMA Non-Uniform Memory Access 375 JDA Joint Development Agreement 287 P5 Pentlum/586 399 JIT Just-In-Tlme 290 POWER Performance Optimization LlAC limited InqUiry Access Code 311 with Enhanced RISC 422 LOG Logarithm 315 PPC PowerPC 423 LSB Least Significant Bit 318 PRISM Parallel Reduced-Instruction-Set LSC Least Significant Character 318 Multiprocessing 427 LSD Least Significant Digit 318 RISC Reduced-Instructlon-Set Computer 449 MSB Most Significant Bit 350 SECC Single-Edge Contact Cartridge 474 MSC Most Significant Character 350 SECCII Single-Edge Contact Cartridge II 474 MSD Most Significant Digit 351 SEPP Single-Edge Processor Package 475 NAND Not AND 357 SIMD Single-Instruction Multiple Data 482 NC Numencal Control 359 SMP Symmetric Multiprocessing 488 NOR Not OR 370 SMT Simultaneous Multithreading 489 OCR Optical Character Recognl\lon 379 SOC System On Chip 493 PCMCIA People Can't Memorize Computer SPARC Scalar Processor Architecture 495 Industry Acronyms 406 TLB Translation Lookaslde Buffer 526 PM Preventive Maintenance 418 VLlW Very Long Instruction Word 561 QA Quality Assurance 433 XIP Execute In Place 600 R&D Research and Development 443 ZAPP Zero Assignment Parallel Processor 609 RFP Request For Proposal 447 RFT Request For Technology 447 Miscellany RFU Reserved for Future Use 447 AAS Auto Area Segmentation 16 RSI Repelilive Strain Injury 457 AASERT Augmentation Awards for SCience Telco Telephone Company 520 and Engineering Research Training 16 TLA Three-Letter Acronym 526 ACI Autonomous Citation IndeXing 20 TMR Tnple Modular Redundancy 527 AKA Also Known As 31 V ERA Virtual Entity of Relevant NN Alphanumeric 35 Acronyms 557

654 Networks Are Everywhere

VPD Vital Product Data 564 MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface 337 WBS Work Breakdown Structure 577 MMIS Multimedia Information System 342 WOMBAT Waste of Money. Brains MPC Multimedia Personal Computer and Time 587 speCification 347 XOR Exctusive OR 603 MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group 348 Y2K Year 2000 605 NVoD Near Video-on -Demand 375 YP Yellow Pages 607 PES Packetized Elementary Stream 411 PPQN Pulses Per Quarter Note 424 Modulation Techniques PREMO Presentation EnVIronment ADPCM Adaptive Differential (Delta) Pulse for Multimedia Objects 426 Code Modulation 26 PTS Present.ation Time Stamp 430 AIM Analog Intensity Modulation 31 RIFF Resource Interchange FHe Format 448 AM Amplitude Modulallon 33 SGCP Simple Gateway Control Protocol 477 AMI Alternate Mark InverSion 34 TMSF Tracks. Minutes. Seconds CAP Carrierless Amplitude/Phase and Frames 528 modulation 77 VFW Video For Windows 558 DFSK Differential Frequency Shift Keying 143 VoD Vldeo-on-Demand 562 OM Digital (Delta) Modulation 151 DMT Discrete Multitone Modulation 152 Network Architectures DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation 155 AIN Advanced Intelligent Network 31 DPSK Differential Phase-Shift Keying 156 ARCnet Attached Resource Computer FM Frequency Modulation 205 network 41 FSK Frequency-Shift Keying 210 ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode 49 OOK On-Off Keying 389 DECnet Digital Equipment Corporation PAM Pulse Amplitude Modulation 402 network 141 PCM Pulse Code Modulation405 DNA Digital Network Architecture 152 PDM Pulse Duration Modulation 410 DSA Distributed System Architecture 158 PPM Pulse Position Modulation 424 FC Fiber Channel 196 PSK Phase-Shift KeYing 429 IN Intelligent Network 260 PTM Pulse Time Modulation 430 IPS Internet Protocol Suite 269 QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 434 ISOIOSI ISOIOpen System QPSK Quadrature-Phase-Shift Keying 436 Interconnection 278 TCM Trellis-Coded Modulation 514 OSI Open Systems Interconnection 395 WDM Wavelength-Division Multiplexing 578 OSIIRM Open Systems Interconnectionl Reference Model 397 Multimedia SAN Storage Area Network 464 CAVE Cave Automated Virtual EnVIronment 80 SNA System Network Architecture 490 CDS Correlated Double Sampling 89 TCNS Thomas Conrad Network System 514 FMV Full-Mollon Video 206 VHE Virtual Home Environment 558 HyTlme Hypermedia Time 240 VINES Virtual Integrated Network Service 559 IVDS Interactive Video and Data Services 284 WATM Wireless ATM 575 MCI Media Control Interface 329 XNS Xerox Network Services 603 MCS Multimedia Conference Server 330 MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol 334 Networks Are Everywhere MHEG Multimedia/Hypermedia Expert 6REN IPv6 Research and Education Group 334 Network 11

655 Network Types & Topologies

ADN Automallc Digital Network 26 USAN UniverSity Satelhte Network 549 ALT Adult Literacy and Technology 32 vBNS Very-high-speed Backbone Network BARR Net Bay Area Regional Research Service 555 Network 56 WELL Whole-Earth Electronic Link 581 BARWAN Bay Area Research Wireless Access Network 56 Network Types & Topologies BITNET Because It's Time Network 64 CAN Campus Area Network 77 CREN Corporation for Research DAN Departmental Area Network 129 and Educational Networking 116 001 Distributed Data Interface 139 CSNET Computer + Science Network 121 DTR Dedicated Token Ring 164 DANTE Delivery of Advanced Network FOOl Fiber Distributed Data Interface 198 Technology in Europe 129 FFOL FOOl Follow-On LAN 202 DDN Defense Data Network 140 HIPPI High-Performance Parallel Interface 231 DREN Defense Research and Engineering LAN Local Area Network 303 Network 157 LFN Long Fat Network 310 EARN European Academic and Research MAN Metropolitan Area Network 324 Network 169 P2P Peer-to-Peer 399 Ebone European Backbone 171 PDN Public Data Network 410 ECHO European CommiSSion PSDN Packet-Switching Data Network 428 Host Organization 173 PSPDN Packet-Switched Public Data EDEN European Distance Education Network 429 Network 175 SAN Small Area Network 464 EUnet European Internet 193 SDDI Shielded Distributed Data Interface 471 FTN Fido Technology Network 211 SfWAN Secure Wide Area Network 508 IINREN Interagency Interim National Research TDDI Twisted-pair Distributed Data and Educa\ion Network 257 Interface 519 ISN Information Systems Network 276 TOPS Transparent Operating System 531 I WAY Information Wide Area Year 284 TPDDI TWisted-Pair Distributed Data JANET Joint Academic Network 286 Interface 532 JUNET Japanese UNIX Network 295 TR Token Ring 533 JvNCnet John von Neumann VAN Value-Added Network 554 Computer Network 296 VLAN Virtual LAN 560 MILNET MIlitary Network 338 VPN Virtual Private Network 565 MSBDN Microsoft Broadcast Data Network 350 WAN Wide Area Network 574 MSN Microsoft Network 351 WIN Wireless In-bUilding Network 583 NREN Nallonal Research and Education WLAN Wireless Local Area Network 585 Network 372 NSFNET National Science Foundation Object-Oriented Terms & Techniques Network 373 ATL Active Template Library 49 NSI NASA SCience Internet 374 BOF Business Object Facility 66 OARnet OhiO Academic Resource Network 378 BPO Business Process Objects 67 OSlnet OSI network 397 CCM CORBA Component Model 83 SPAN Space Physics Analysis Network 495 COO Collaborative Data Objects 87 SWIFT Society for WorldWide Interbank CIMOM Common Informallon Model Object Financial TelecommUnications 508 Manager 98 THEnet Texas Higher Education Network 524 CLSID Class Idenllfier 100

656 Open Systems

COM Component Object Model 109 WFC Windows Foundallon Classes 581 DABO Data Access Business Object 128 DAO Data Access Objects 129 Open Systems DCOM Distributed Component Object ABI Application Binary Interface 17 Model 137 ABI+ Application Binary Interface + 17 DII Dynamic Invocation Interface 145 AC Application Context 18 DSI Dynamic Skeleton Interface 159 ACDF Access Control DeciSion Function 19 DSOM Distnbuted System Object Model 161 ACEF Access Control Enforcement EB Enterpnse Bean 170 Function 20 FSO File System Object 210 ANDF Architecture-Neutral Distribution GDMO GUidelines for the Definition Format 35 of Managed Objects 214 AP Application Process 38 HOOD Hierarchical Object-Oriented API Application Programming Interface 39 Design 234 APP Application Portability Profile 40 HMMS HyperMedia Management Schema 234 CAE Common Application Environment 74 IFC Internet Foundation Classes 255 CDE Common Desktop Environment 85 JOE Java Objects Everywhere 292 CHRP Common Hardware Reference MOF Meta-Object Facility 345 Platform 94 MOO MUD, Object-Oriented 346 CIM Common Information Model 96 NISB Netscape Internet Service Broker 368 CoMIX Coexistence and Migration X 110 OA Object Adapter 377 COSE Common Open Software OADF Object AnalysIs and Design Facility 377 EnVIronment 112 ODL Object Definition Language 381 CSF Common Software Foundation 120 OlD Object Identity 383 DCM Distributed Computing Model 137 OLE Object linking and Embedding 384 DIF Data Interchange Format 145 00 Object-Oriented 387 DLSw Data-Link Switching 150 OOA Object-Oriented Analyses 387 EDIF Electronic Design Information OOD Object-Oriented Design 388 Format 176 OODM Object-Oriented Data Model 389 EEl External EnVifonmentlnlerface 178 OOGDM Object-Oriented Geodata-Model 389 ELF Executable and linking Format 184 OOHDM Object-Oriented Hierarchical Data EPHOS European Procurement Handbook Model 389 for Open Systems 188 OOL Object-Oriented Language 389 GOSIP Government 051 Profile 222 OOP Object-Oriented Programming 389 120 IntelligentlnpuVOutput 241 OOPL Object-Oriented Programming IIA Information Interchange Architecture 257 Language 389 lOP Interoperabllity 265 OOSD Object-Oriented Structured Design 390 MIA Mullivendor Integration Architecture 336 ORB Object Request Broker 391 NAS Network Application Support 358 ORPC Object Remote Procedure Call 391 NDIS Network Driver Interface OSME Open System Management SpeCification 362 Environment 398 NDR Network Data Representation 362 OTS Object Transaction Service 398 NetCDF Network Common Data Form 363 RDO Remote Data Objects 445 NLS Native Language System 369 ROT Running Object Table 452 OCC Open Cooperative Computing 378 SOM System Object Model 494 ODI Open Data-link Interface 381 UBO User interface Business Objects 540 OGIS OpenGIS specification 383

657 Operating Systems

OGM Open Geodata Model 383 BSD Berkeley Software Distribution 69 OMF Object Module Format 386 CDFS CD-ROM File System 86 ONP Open Network Provision 387 CL Compiler/Linker driver 99 PAS Publicly Available Specifications 403 CLP Clipboard 100 PDES Product Data Exchange using STEP 408 CLU Command-Line Utility 101 PICS Protocol Implementation Conformance COM Communication Port 109 Statement 415 CON Console 110 PIXIT Protocol Implementation CTOS Convergent Technology Extra Information for Testing 416 Operating System 123 POE PowerOpen Environment 420 OAT Dynamic Address Translation 130 POSIX Portable Operating System Interface DCC Direct Cable Connection 136 for UNIX 421 DOE Dynamic Data Exchange 139 PPCO PowerPC Organization 423 DDEML Dynamic Data Exchange Management PSI Portability, Scalability, Interoperability 428 Library 139 RFC Request For Comment 446 DOS Disk Operating System 155 SAIF Spatial Archive and Interchange DPC Deferred Procedure Call 155 Format 463 DPMI DOS Protected Mode Interface 156 SOTS Spatial Data Transfer Standard 473 EEMS Enhanced Expanded Memory STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product Specification 178 model data 504 EMM386 Expanded Memory Manager 386 185 VMC VESA Media Channel 562 EMS Expanded Memory Specification 186 VSX Verification Suite for XlOpen 568 ESCD Extended System Configuration XBSFT XlOpen Bytestream File Transfer 597 Data 191 XCMF XlOpen Common Management FAT File Allocation Table 195 Facilities 598 FCB File Control Block 197 XDSA XlOpen Distributed Software FDISK Format Disk 199 Administration 599 FLiH First-Level Interrupt Handler 204 XFN XlOpen Federated Naming 600 FSP File Service Process 210 XMPTN XlOpen Multi-Protocol Transport GC Garbage Collection 213 Networking 602 GCOS General-purpose ComprehenSive XNFS XlOpen Network File System 603 Operating System 214 XPG XlOpen Portability Guide 604 GPF General Protection Failure (Fault) 223 GSS Group-Sweeping Scheduling 224 Operating Systems HAL Hardware AbstraCtion Layer 227 ABEND Abnormal End 17 HCSS High-Capacity Storage System 228 ABIOS Advanced Basic InpuVOutput HMA High Memory Area 233 System 17 HPFS High-Performance File System 236 AIX Advanced Interactive eXecutive 31 HP-UX Hewlett-Packard UNIX 236 AMI BIOS AMI BasIc InpuVOutput lAC Inter-Application Communication 242 System 34 10 Interrupt Identifier 250 APC Asynchronous Procedure Call 38 100 Installable Device Driver 251 ASPI Advanced SCSI Programming IFS Installable File System 256 Interface 47 1M Intelligent Messaging 258 AUX Auxiliary 52 IPC Inter-Process Communlcallon 267 AlUX Apple UNIX 53 IPL Initial Program Load 268 BIOS BasIc InpuVOutput System 62 IPL Initial Program Loader 268

658 Orders of Magnitude

ISR Interrupt Service Routine 278 ROM BIOS Read-Only Memory Basic 1ST Interrupt Service Thread 279 InpuVOutput System 452 JavaOS Java Operating System 286 RTE Real-Time Executive 458 LFN Long File Names 310 RTOS Real-Time Operating System 459 LlLO LlNUX Loader 311 RNJ ReadNJrile 460 LIM EMS Lotusllntel/Microsoft Expanded Mem- RWX Read, Write, Execute 460 ory Specification 311 SunOS Sun Operating System 505 LlNUX Linus Torvalds' UNIX 312 SVID System V Interface Definition 506 LMID Logical Media Identifier 313 SVR4 System V Release 4 506 LPC Local Procedure Call 316 TLS Thread Local Storage 527 LPT Line Printer 316 TSR Terminate and Stay Resident 535 LRU Last Recently Used 317 TWAIN Technology Without An Interesting LUID Locally Unique Identifier 320 Name 537 MacOS Macintosh Operating System 323 UIO User Identifier 543 MAE Macintosh Application Environment 323 UMA Upper Memory Area 545 MBR Master Boot Record 329 UMB Upper Memory Block 545 MDD Model Device Driver 332 VAP Value-Added Process 554 MFS Macintosh File System 334 VBE VESA BIOS Extensions 555 MFT Multiprogramming with a Fixed VCPI Virtual Control Program Interface 556 number of Tasks 334 VOD Virtual Device Driver 556 MlcroVMS Micro Virtual Machine System 337 VDM Virtual DOS Machine 557 MLI Multiple-Link Interface 341 VFAT Virtual File Allocation Table 558 MPE Multiprogramming Environment 348 VFS VINES File System 558 MRU Most Recently Used 350 VKD Virtual Keyboard Device 560 MSCDEX Microsoft CD-ROM Extension 351 VLM Virtual Loadable Module 561 MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System 351 VM Virtual Machine 561 MVS Multiple Virtual System 356 VM Virtual Memory 561 NCL Network Control Language 360 VMM Virtual Machine Manager 562 NetBSD Network BSD 363 VMS Virtual Memory System 562 NeXTSTEP New Extended Technology VSAM Virtual Storage Access Method 567 Step 364 VTOC Volume Table of Contents 569 NFS Network File System 364 WDT Watchdog Timer 579 NOS Network Operating System 371 WDL Windows Driver Library 577 NT New Technology 374 WFW Windows for Workgroups 582 NTAS NT Advanced Server 374 WOS Workstation Operating System 588 NTFS New Technology File System 374 XMS Extended Memory Specification 602 OAL OEM Adaptation Layer 377 ODINSUP ODI/NDIS Support 381 Orders of Magnitude OS Operating System 392 E Exa 169 OS/2 Operating System/2 393 G Giga 213 OS/400 Operating Systernl400 393 K Kilo 297 OSPM Operating System Power II micro 323 Management 398 M Mega 323 PC -DOS PC Disk Operating System 404 m milli 323 RFS Remote File System 447 n nano 357 P Peta 399

659 Organizations & Consortia

P PICO 399 CAUCE Coalition Against Unsolicited T Tera 509 CommerCial Email 79 CAVERN CAVE Research Network 81 Organizations & Consortia CBEMA Computer and Business EqUipment AAAI American Assoclalion for Artificial Manufacturers Association 81 Intelligence 14 CCSDS Consultative Committee for Space AAAS American Association for the Advance• Data Systems 84 ment of Science 14 COT Center for Democracy and Technology 89 AACE Association for the Advancement CENIC Corporation for Education Network 101- of Computing In Education 15 lIatlves In California 91 AADN American Association of Domain CFI CAD Framework Initiative 92 Names 15 CIAC Computer Incident Advisory Capability 95 AAHE American Association for Higher CICC Center of International Cooperation Education 15 for Computerizallon 95 AAIM Association for Applied Interactive CIEC Citizens Internet Empowerment Multimedia 15 Coalillon 96 AAP Association of American Publishers 16 CMA Communications Managers ABICC Application Binary Interface Association 101 Coordinating Committee 17 CNI Coalition for Networked Information 105 ACCU Association of C and C++ Users 19 CODASYL Conference on Data Systems ACE Advanced Computing EnVIronment 19 Languages 108 ACM Association for Computing Machinery 21 COL Commonwealth of Learning 109 ADCU AssoCiation of Data Communications COM SOC Communications Society 110 Users 25 COS Corporation for Open Systems 112 AlP Association of Internet ProfeSSionals 31 COSINE Cooperation for 051 Networking ANF AppleTalk Networking Forum 36 In Europe 112 APIA Application Programming Interface CPSR Computer Professionals for Social Association 39 ResponSibility 115 ASCILITE Australian Society for Computers C RA Computing Research Association 116 In Learning In Tertiary Education 44 CUE Computer-Using Educators 124 AT A ARCnet Trade Association 48 DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects BACUG Bay Area Cisco User Group 56 Agency 130 BSA Business Software Alliance 68 DAVIC Digital Audio-Visual Council 131 BSIA Beijing Software Industry Assoclalion 69 DECUS Digital Equipment Computer Users BUS Bull Users Society 70 Society 141 CADDIA Cooperation In Automation of Data DISA Data Interchange Standards and Documentation for Imports/Exports ASSOCiation 148 and Agriculture 74 DISA Defense Information Systems CAIDA Cooperative Association for Internet Agency 148 Data Analysis 76 DIX Dlgital- Intel- Xerox 148 CANARIE Canadian Network DMA Document Management Alliance 151 for the Advancement of Research, Industry DMTF Desktop Management Task Force 152 and Education 77 DSOM DynamiC Systems Development CARL Colorado Alliance of Research Method 159 libraries 78 DTG Digital Television Group 163

660 Organizations & Consortia

EA TCS European Association for Theoretical IMA Interactive Multimedia Association 259 Computer SCience 169 IMA International MIDI Association 259 EBU European Broadcashng Union 171 IMTC Internallonal Multimedia ECCAI European Coordinating Committee Teleconferencing Consortium 260 for Artificial Intelligence 172 INCOSE International Council on System ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Engineering 260 Association 173 INTUG International Telecommunications EDAC Electronic Design Automation Users Group 264 Consortium 174 IRDA Infrared Data Association 271 EDIA EDI Association 176 ISC Internet Software Consortium 274 EDIWI EDI World Institute 177 ISTE International Society for Technology EEMA European ElectrOniC Mall in Education 279 Association 178 ITM Information Technology Association EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation 179 of America 281 EG Eurographlcs 180 ITCA International TeleconferenCing EMA Electronic Messaging Association 184 Association 281 EURECA European Research Coordination ITl lnforma\lon Technology Industry Council 281 Agency 193 IY2KCC International Y2K Cooperation EUUG European UNIX User Group 184 Center 284 EXUG European X User Group 194 MANTLE Mid-Atlantic Network for Teaching FARNET Federation of American Research Learning Enterprises 324 Networks 195 MCIF Miniature Card Irnplementers Forum 329 FIPA Foundahon for Intelligent PhYSical MDC Metadata Coalition 331 Agents 203 MMA MIDI Manufacturers Association 342 FIRST Forum of Incident Response MOMA Message-Oriented Middleware and Security Teams 204 Association 345 FITCE Federation of Telecommunicalions MPIF Message-Passing Interface Forum 348 Engineers of the European NCITS National Committee for Information Community 204 Technology Standards 360 FNC Federal Networking Council 206 NCSA National Computer Security FSF Free Software Foundation 210 Association 361 GILC Global Internet Uberty Campaign 217 NSF National SCience Foundation 373 HomePNA Home Phone line Networking OCLC Online Computer Library Association 234 Center Inc. 379 120SIG 120 Special Interest Group 241 ODLAA Open and Distance Learning lAC Internet Access Coalition 242 Association of Australia 382 IAIM International Academy for Information ODMG Object Database Management Management 242 Group 382 lASTED International Association of SCience OGC Open GIS Consortium 383 and Technology for Development 243 OMG Object Management Group 386 ICA lnternahonal Communication OSF Open Software Foundation 395 Association 244 OSTC Open System Testing Consortium 398 IEEE CS IEEE Computer Society 255 PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card IGC Institute for Global Communications 256 International Association 405 IICS Internahonal Interachve Communlcalions PICMG PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Society 257 Group 414

661 Organizations & Consortia

RARE Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche SIGMOBILE SIG on Mobility of Systems, Europeenne 443 Users, Data and Computing 481 REXXLA REXX Language Association 446 SIGMOD SIG on Management of Data 481 SAB Standards Activities Board 461 SIGNUM SIG on Numerical Mathematics 481 SAG SOL Access Group 463 SIGOPS SIG on Operating Systems 481 SDMI Secure Digital Music Initiative 473 SIGPLAN SIG on Programming SEC Sponsor Executive Committee 474 Languages 481 SIA Semiconductor Industry Association 478 SIGSAC SIG on Security, Audit SIG Special Interest Group 478 and Control 481 SIG3C SIG on Computing at Community SIGSAM SIG on Symbolic and Algebraic Colleges 478 Manipulation 482 SIGACT SIG on Algorithms and Computation SIGSIM SIG on Simulation and Modeling 482 Theory 478 SIGSOFT SIG on Software Engineering 482 SIGAda SIG on Ada 479 SIGSound SIG on Electronic Forum SIGAPL SIG on the APL and J Languages 479 on Sound Technology 482 SIGAPP SIG on Applied Computing 479 SIGUCCS SIG on University and College Com• SIGARCH SIG on Computer Architecture 479 puting Services 482 SIGART SIG on Artificial Intelligence 479 SIGWEB SIG on Hypertext, Hypermedia SIG610 SIG on Biomedical Computing 479 and Web 482 SIGCAPH SIG on Computers SPAG Standards Promotion and Application and the Physically Handicapped 479 Group 495 SIGCAS SIG on Computers and Society 479 SPEC Standard Performance Evaluation SIGCHI SIG on Computer- Human Corporation 496 Interaction 480 SWECC Software Engineering Coordinating SIGCOMM SIG on Data Communication 480 Committee 508 SIGCPR SIG on Computer Personnel TCDE Technical Committee on Data Research 480 Engineering 512 SIGCSE SIG on Computer Science TDCC Transportation Data Coordinating Education 480 Committee 519 SIGCUE SIG on Computer Uses TEC The Education Coalition 520 In Education 480 TERENA Trans-European Research SIGDA SIG on Design Automation 480 and Education Networking Association 522 SIGDOC SIG for Documentallon 480 TINAC TINA Consortium 525 SIGecom SIG on electrOniC commerce 480 TIS Tool Interface Standards Committee 525 SIGGRAPH SIG on Computer GraphiCS TOG The Open Group 528 and Interactive Techniques 480 TPC Transaction Processing Performance SIGGROUP SIG on Supporting Group Council 532 Work 481 TRUSIX Trusted UNIX 534 SIGIR SIG on Information Retrieval 481 TTTC Test Technology Technical CounCil 536 SIGKDD SIG on Knowledge Discovery UAWG Universal ADSL Working Group 540 in Data 481 UCISA Universities and Colleges Information SIGMICRO SIG on Mlcroarchltecture 481 Systems Association 540 SIGMIS SIG on Management Information UKERNA United Kingdom Educational & Re• Systems 481 search Networks Association 545 SIGMM SIG on Multimedia 481 USDLA US Distance Learning Association 550 USG UNIX Support Group 550

662 OSI Reference Model

VESA Video Electronics Standards CMIS Common Management Information Assoclalion 557 Service 102 VITA VMEbus International Trade CMISE Common Management Information Association 560 Service Element 102 VITAL VHDL Inlliative Towards ASIC CMNP Connection-Mode Network Protocol 103 libraries 560 CMNS Connection-Mode Network Service 103 VSIA Virtual Socket Interface Alliance 568 COD Connection-Oriented Data 108 W3C World-Wide Web Consortium 571 CONP Connection-Oriented Network WARIA Workflow and Reenglneenng Prolocol 110 Intemalional Assoclalton 575 CONS Connection-mode Network Service 110 WfMC Workflow Management Coalition 582 DL Distribution List 149 XAPIA X.400 API Association 597 DLC Data-link Control 149 XSAG XlOpen SOL Access Group 604 DLL Data-link Layer 149 DLS Data-Link Services 149 OSI Reference Model DOAM Distributed Office Applications ACSE Association Control Service Element 22 Model 154 AE Application Entity 27 DPDU Data-Link Protocol Data Unit 155 AFI Aulhority and Format Identifier 28 DSP Domain-SpeCific Part 161 AFT Applicalton File Transfer 29 DTAM Document Transfer AL Application Layer 31 And Manipulation 163 AMF Account Metering Function 34 EMA Enterprise Management Architecture 184 AMH Application Message Handling 34 ES End Syslem 191 AOM Application OSI Management 38 ESI End System Identifier 191 APDU Application Protocol Data Unit 39 ES IS End System to Intermediate System 192 ARF Alarm Reporting Function 41 FADU File Access Data Unit 195 ASE Application Service Elements 44 FTAM File Transfer Access ASP Abstract Service Primitive 47 and Management 210 AU Access Unit 52 FTS File Transfer Service 211 BAS BaSIC Activity Subset 57 101 Iniltal Domain Identifier 253 BCS BaSIC Combined Subset 59 IDRP Interdomain Routing Protocol 254 BSS BaSIC Synchronized Subset 69 IOU Interface Data Unit 254 CASE Common Applicalton Service lONL Internal Organization of the Network Element 78 Layer 265 CCR Commitment. Concurrency IPM Interpersonal Messaging 268 and Recovery 83 IPMS Interpersonal Messaging System 269 CCRSE Commitment. Concurrency IRP Interdomain Routing Protocol 272 and Recovery Service Element 83 IS Intermediate System 273 CLNP Conneclton-Less Network Protocol 100 IS IS Intermediate System- Intermediate CLTP Connection-Less Transport Protocol 100 System 276 CL TS Connection-Less Transport Service 100 JTM Job Transfer and Mantpulation 295 CMIP Common Management Information LLC Logical Link Control 313 Protocol 101 LME Layer Management Enltty 313 CMIPDU Common Management Information LMMP LAN /MAN Management Protocol 314 Protocol Data Unit 101 LPP lightweight Presentation Protocol 316 CMIPM Common Management Information LSAP link Service Access Point 318 Protocol Machine 101 MAP ManufactUring Automation Protocol 325

663 Physical Communications

MD Management Domain 330 TPDU Transport Protocol Data Unit 532 MHS Message Handling System 335 TSAP Transport Service Access POint 535 MMS Manufacturing Message Service 342 ULP Upper-Layer Protocol 545 MOTIS Message-Onented Text Interchange VOTS VAX OSI Transport Service 563 Standard 346 VT Virtual Terminal 569 MS Message Store 350 VTS Virtual Terminal Services 569 MTE Message Transfer Envelope 353 NEL Network Element Layer 362 Physical Communications NME Network Management Entity 369 4B/5B 4-BI1I5-Bit local fiber 8 NPDU Network Protocol Data Unit 372 5B/6B 5-BI1I6-Bit encoding 9 NSAP Network Service Access POint 372 8B/l0B 8-Bill10-Bit local fiber 12 ODIF Open (Office) Document Interchange 8N 1 Eight (8) data bits. No panty. one (1) Form 381 stop bit 12 ODP Open Distributed Processing 382 ADN Advanced Digital Network 26 OSI Open Systems Interconnection 395 AME Asynchronous Modem Eliminator 34 PCI Protocol Control Information 405 AUI Attachment Unit Interface 52 PDAU Physical Delivery Access Unit 408 B8ZS Binary 8-Zero Substitution 56 PDU Protocol Data Unit 411 BRZ Bipolar Return to Zero 68 PhSAP Physical-layer Service Access CD Carner Detect 84 POint 414 CS-MUX Carrier-Switched Muiliplexer 121 PRMD Private Management Domain 427 CTS Clear-To-Send 123 PSAP Presentation Service Access Point 428 OCO Data Carrier Detect 136 ROSE Remote Operations Service DCE Data Communication Equipment 136 Element 452 DQ Distributed Queuing 156 RTS Reliable Transfer Service 459 DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus 156 RTSE Reliable Transfer Service Element 459 DSE Data Switching Equipment 159 SAP Service Access POint 464 DSR Data Set Ready 161 SASE Special Application Service Element 466 DTE Data Terminal Equipment 163 SOU Service Data Unit 473 OTR Data Terminal Ready 164 SMAE System Management Application ESCON Enterpnse Systems ConnectiVity 191 Entity 484 FC AL Fiber Channel- Arbitrated Loop 197 SMAP System Management Application FDSE Full-Duplex SWitched Ethernet 200 Process 484 FOX Full Duplex 200 SMASE System Management Application FEXT Far-End Crosstalk 202 Service Element 484 FHSS Frequency-Hopping SMF System Management Function 486 Spread Spectrum 203 SMFA System Management Functional FIRL Fiber-optic Inter-Repeater link 204 Area 487 FLP Fast link Pulse 205 SNAcP Subnetwork Access Protocol 491 FO Fiber Optics 206 SNDCP Subnetwork-Dependent Convergence FOIRL Fiber-Optic Inter-Repeater link 206 Protocol 492 HDX Half-Duplex 230 SNICP Subnetwork-Independent Convergence IRL Inter-Repeater link 272 Protocol 492 LOS Loss Of Signal 315 SSAP Session Service Access POint 501 LPF Low-Pass Filter 316 TOP Technical/Office Protocol 531 LTA line Turnaround 319 TPO TP4 Transport Protocol 0-4 532 MCF MAC Convergence Function 329

664 Mil Media-Independent Interface 338 TP PMD TWisted-Pair PhYSical Medium MMF Multlmode Fiber 342 Dependent 533 MRU Maximum Receive Unit 350 TXD Transmit Data 537 MTU Maximum Transfer Unit 353 USOC Uniform Service Ordering Code 550 MUX Multiplexer 355 UTOPIA Universal Test and Opera lions NA Numerical Aperture 357 Interface for ATM 550 NEXT Near-End Crosstalk 364 UTP Unshielded TWisted Pair 550 OC Optical Carner 378 WACK Walt while Acknowledge 571 PCS Plastic-Clad Silica 406 WBC Wldeband Channel 575 PDH Pleslochronous Digital Hierarchy 408 WDT Watchdog Timer 579 PHY Physical-layer protocol 414 XMT Transmit 602 PI Primary In 415 XON/XOFF Exchange On/Exchange Off 603 PLS Physical-Layer Signaling 418 PM Physical Medium 418 Programming Languages PMA Physical Medium Attachment 418 1GL First (1 st)-Generation Language 3 PMP Poinl-to-Multipoint 419 2GL Second (2nd)-Generatlon Languages 5 PO Primary Oul 420 3GL Third (3rd)-Generatlon Languages 6 POF Plastic Optical Fiber 420 4GL Fourth (4th)-Generation Languages 8 PTMPT POint-to-Multipolnt 430 5GL Fifth (5th)-Generation Languages 9 R Repeater 437 ABEL Advanced Boolean Expression RD Receive Data 443 Language 16 REN Ringer Equivalent Number 446 ADL Architectural Description Language 25 RI Ring Indicator 448 ADRS II A Departmental Reporting RPI Rockwell Protocol Interface 456 System 1126 RTS Request To Send 459 ALGOL AlgOrithmiC Language 32 RVI Reverse Vector Interrupt 460 APL A Programming Language 39 RXD Receive Data 460 APSE Ada Programming Support SAC Single-Attached Concentrator 462 Environment 40 SAS Single Attachment Stalion 465 AST Abstract Syntax Tree 48 SOH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy 471 AWK Aho. Weinberger and Kernighan 54 SF SuperFrame 476 BASIC Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic SMF Single-Mode Fiber 486 Instruction Code 57 SONET Synchronous Optical Network 494 CHILL CCITT High-Level Language 94 SPE Synchronous Payload Envelope 496 CML Chemical Markup Language 102 SQE Signal Quality Error 499 COBOL Common Buslness-Onented SRTS Synchronous ReSidual Time Language 106 Stamp 501 DHTML Dynamic HTML 144 STE Section Terminating Equipment 504 DML Declarative Markup Language 152 STM-n Synchronous Transfer Module n 505 DSML Directory Service Markup Language 160 STP Shielded Twisted Pair 505 DSSSL Document Style Semantics STP Signaling Transfer Point 505 and SpeCification Language 162 STS-n Synchronous Transport Signal n 505 Ellsp Emacs lisp 184 TAXI Transparent Asynchronous EQ Equal to 189 Transceiver/Receiver (X) Interface 511 FGL Fourth-Generation Languages 203 TD Transmit Data 519 FIXML Financial Information Exchange Markup TP Twisted Pair 532 Language 204

665 Programming Techniques

FML Forms Markup Language 206 SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration FORTH Fourth 207 Language 487 FORTRAN Formula Translation 207 SMSL Standard Multimedia Scripting GE Grealer Ihan or Equal to 215 Language 488 GML Generalized Markup Language 220 SNOBOL String-Oriented Symbolic GT Greater Than 224 Language 492 HDL Hardware Descriplion Language 228 SPDL Standard Page Description HDML Handheld Device Markup Language 496 Language 229 STDL Structured Transaction Definilion HLL High-Level Language 232 Language 504 HPF High-Performance FORTRAN 235 UML Unified Modeling Language 545 HPGL Hewlett-Packard Graphics VB Visual Basic 554 Language 236 VBScnpt Visual Basic Scripting Edition 555 HTML HyperText Markup Language 237 VHDL VHSIC Hardware Descnption HyQ HyTime Query 240 Language 558 JACL Java Command Language 285 VoxML VOice over any (x) Markup K&R Kernighan and (&) Ritchie 301 Language 564 LE Less than or Equal to 309 VPL Visual Programming Language 564 lex lexical analyzer 310 VRML Virtual Reality Modeling Language 566 LISP List Processing 312 WML Wireless Markup Language 587 LL Left-to-right-scan. Leftmost derivation 312 XFA XML Forms Architecture 600 LOOPS LISP Object-Oriented Programming XFDL ExtenSible Forms Descnption System 315 Language 600 LR Left-to-nght-scan. Rightmost derivation 316 XHTML Extensible HyperText Markup LT Less Than 318 Language 600 MUMPS Massachusetts General Hospital Utility XML ExtenSible Markup Language 601 Multiprogramming System 355 NAWK New AWK 358 Programming Techniques NE Not Equal to 362 AOP Agent-Oriented Programming 38 NIAL Nested Interactive Array Language 366 AOP Aspect-Oriented Programming 38 NPL Non-Procedural Language 372 AP Adaptive Programming 38 OCL Object Constraint Language 379 CBN Call-By-Name 81 PCL Printer Control Language 405 CBV Call-By-Value 82 PDL Page Description Language 409 DCP Definitional Constraint Programming 138 PERL Practical Extraction and Report FIFO First-In. First-Out 203 Language 411 LIFO Last-In . First-Out 311 PL Procedural Language 417 LP linear Programming 316 PUI Programming Language I 418 OOP ObJect-Onented Programming 389 PROLOG Programming in Logic 427 QAM Queued Access Method 434 PS PostScript 427 SP Stack POinter 495 REXX Restructured Extended Executor 446 RPG Report Program Generator 455 Protocols RPN Reverse Polish Notation 456 1284 3 RTL Register Transfer Language 458 802 .x 11 SGML Standard Generalized Markup ABM Asynchronous Balanced Mode 17 Language 477

666 Protocols

ADCCP Advanced Data Communications DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Control Procedure 25 Protocol 144 ADSI Analog Display Service Interface 27 DICOM Digital Imaging ADSP AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol 27 and CommUnications 145 AEP AppleTalk Echo Protocol 27 DLCI Data-Link Connection Identifier 149 AFP AppleTalk File Protocol 28 DMAC Destination MAC 151 ARAP AppleTalk Remote Access DNIC Data Network tdentification Code 152 Protocol 40 DNP Distributed Network Protocol 153 ARM Asynchronous Response Mode 41 DSAP Destinallon Service Access Point 159 ARQ Automatic Repeat request 42 DSP Directory System Protocol 161 ASIO Audio Stream InpuVOutput 46 ECC Error Correction Code 172 ASP AppleTalk Session Protocol 47 ECP Extended Capabilities Por1174 BCC Block Check Character 58 EDAC Error Detection And Correction 174 BCP Byte-Control Protocols 59 ELAP EtherTalk Link Access Protocol 184 BOT Bulk Data Transfer 59 ESIOP Environment-Specific Inter-ORB BEC Backward Error Correction 59 Protocol 191 BFT Binary File Transfer 61 EWAN Emulator Without A good Name 194 BHLI Broadband High-Layer Information 61 FCS Frame Check Sequence 197 BISYNC Binary Synchronous communications FLAP FOOl TalkLink Access Protocol 204 protocol 63 FPODA Fixed Priority-Oriented Demand BLAST Blocked AsynchronouS/Synchronous Assignment 208 Transmission 64 FPS Fast Packet Switching 208 BLLI Broadband Low-Layer Information 65 FR Frame Relay 208 BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol 67 FRS Frame-Relay Service 210 BSC Binary Synchronous Communication 68 FS Frame Status 210 BSFT Byte Stream File Transfer 69 GFI General Format Identifier 216 COOl Copper Distributed Data Interface 85 GlOP General Inter-ORB Protocol 218 CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data 87 HDLC High-level Data-Link Control 229 CIPX Compressed IPX 98 HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol 239 CL Connecllon-Less mode 99 HTTP-NG HTTP Next Generation 239 CO Connection-Oriented mode 105 HTTPS HyperText Transfer Protocol. COCF Connecllon-Orlented Convergence Secure 240 Function 107 lAS Information Access Service 243 CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code (Check) 116 ICE Informallon and Content Exchange 247 CSMA Carner-Sense Mulliple-Access 120 lOP Internet Datagram Packet 254 CSMAICA Carner-Sense Muiliple- IIOP Internet Inter-ORB Protocol 257 Access/Collision AVOidance 120 IMAC Isochronous Media Access Control 259 CSMAlCD Carner-Sense Multlple- IPX Internet Packet Exchange 270 AccesS/Collision Detect 121 IPXODl lnternet Packet Exchange Open DA Destination Address 127 Data-link Interface 270 DAP Data Access Protocol 129 IrLAP Infrared link Access Protocol 272 DDCMP Digital Data CommUnications IrLMP Infrared Line Management Protocol 272 Protocol 139 IrLPT Infrared line Printer 272 DDP Datagram Delivery Protocol 140 KERMIT K1 -10 Error-free ReCiprocal Micro DFWMAC Distributed Foundation Wireless Interconnect over TTY 299 MAC 144 LAP link Access Procedure 306

667 Quality of Service (QoS)

LAPB Link Access Procedure Balanced 306 S F Store-and-Forward 476 LAPD Link Access Procedure SMAC Source MAC 484 on the 0 channel 306 5MB Server Message Block 485 LAT Local Area Transport 306 SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol 492 LBT'LWT listen Before Talk/listen SOAP Simple Object Access ProtOcol 493 While Talk 308 SPP Sequenced Packet Protocol 498 LLAP LocalTalk link Access Protocol 313 SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange 499 LPD Line Printer Daemon 316 SPXJIPX Sequenced Packet Exchangellnternet LRC Longitudinal Redundancy Check 317 Packet Exchange 499 LSL Link Support Layer 318 SRC Spiral Redundancy Check 501 MAC Media Access Control 323 SSS Server Session Socket 502 MACA Multiple Access With ColliSion SWS Silly Window Syndrome 508 Avoidance 323 TDP Tag Distribution Protocol 520 MACAW Multiple Access with ColliSion TLAP TokenTalk Link Access Protocol 526 Avoidance Wifeless 323 VoFR Voice over Frame Relay 563 MEN Management Event Notification VTP Virtual Terminal Protocol 569 protocol 333 WAP Wifeless Application Protocol 574 MNP Mlcrocom Networking Protocol 344 WDMA Wavelength-Division Multiple MPI Multiple Protocol Interface 348 Access 578 MPT Multipacket Transport 350 WOP Wireless Datagram Protocol 579 NAPLPS North American PresentalJon-Level• WSP Wireless Session Protocol 589 Protocol Syntax 358 WTP Wireless Transaction Protocol 590 NASI NetWare Asynchronous Services K3 594 Interface 358 X.21 594 NBF NetBEUI Format 358 K25 594 NBP Name Binding Protocol 358 X.28 594 NBP NetBIOS Protocol 358 X29 595 NCP Network (NetWare) Core Protocol 360 K121 595 NDMP Network Data Management XAOO 595 Protocol 362 X 435 595 NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface 363 NetBIOS Network Basic InpuVOutput Quality of Service (QoS) System 363 ABR Available Bit Rate 17 NPAP Network Pnnting Alliance Protocol 371 ACR Actual Cell Rate 21 NSA Next Station AddreSSing 372 ADTF ACR Decrease Time Faclor 27 NSP Network Service Protocol 374 BT Burst Tolerance 70 OSAK OSI Session Application Kernel 393 CAC Connection AdmiSSion Control 72 PAP Printer Access Protocol 402 CBR Constant Bit Rate 81 PAR POSitive Acknowledgment CDF Cutoff Decrease Factor 86 With RetransmiSSion 402 CDV Cell Delay Variation 89 PEX Packet Exchange Protocol 412 CDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance 89 PLCP Physical-Layer Convergence CER Cell Error Rate (RatiO) 91 Procedure 417 CI Congeslion Indicator 95 PLP Packet-Level Procedure 418 CIV Cell Inlerarnval Vanalion 99 SA Source Address 461 CLP Cell Loss Prionty 100 SAP Service AdvertiSing Protocol 465 CLR Cell Loss Ratio 100

668 Referenced People

CMR Cell Misinsertlon Rate 104 Backus. John W. 66. 171 . 207 CTD Cell Transfer Delay 123 Barlow, John Perry 179 CVDT Cell-Variatlon-Delay Tolerance 125 Basili, Victor R. 224 ER Explicit Rate 190 Baudot, Jean Maurice Emile 59 GCRA Generic Cell Rate Algorithm 214 Sell , Alexander Graham 131 GFR Guaranteed Frame Rate 216 Bell, Tim C. 614 ICR Initial Cell Rate 249 Berliner. Brian 126 LB Leaky Bucket 307 Berners-Lee, Tim 444 , 590, 617 MBS Maximum Burst Size 329 Sirkin, Mark 617 MCLR Maximum Cell Loss Ratio 330 Boehm, Barry 107, 621 MCR Minimum Cell Rate 330 Booch, Grady 545, 618, 620, 621 PCR Peak Cell Rate 406 Boyce, Raymond 58 PNI Permit Next Increase 419 Braden . Robert 618 QMA QBone Measurement Architecture 435 Bradshaw, Jeffrey 297 QoS Quality of Service 435 Bnnch Hansen, Per 619 RDF Rate Decrease Factor 444 Brown, Larry 620 SCR Sustained Cell Rate 469 Carl-Mitchell , Smoot 618 SECBR Severely Errored Cell Block Ratio 474 Chen , Peter 189, 616 TBE Transient Buffer Exposure 511 Chess, DaVid M. 613 TCR Tagged Cell Rate 517 Chnstiansen. T 620 TOF Time-Out Factor 528 Clark, David 615 TS Traffic Shaping 535 Clarke. Graham 617 UBR Unspecified Bit Rate 540 Clarke, Martin 617 VBR Vanable Bit Rate 555 Coad , Peter 387, 388, 618 Codd , Edgar F. 384 , 444 , 616 Real-Time Systems (RTS) Comer, Douglas 617 C2 Command and Control systems 71 Comerford. Richard 619 C3 Command, Control Coronel. Carlos 616 and Communication systems 71 Coulouris, George 616 C31 Command, Control, Communications Cowhshaw. Mike 446 and Intelligence 72 Cray, Seymour 117 C41 Command, Control , CommUnications, Davis, Wilham S. 619 Computer and Intelligence 72 Deering, Steve 328, 618 C412 Command , Control, Communications, Deitel, Harvey M. 620 Computer, Intelligence and Information 72 Diffie , Whitfield 144 CCCI Command, Control , Communications Dijkstra, Edsger 497 and Intelligence 82 Djordjevl{:-Kajan, Siobodanka 7, 613, 614 , 617 DAS Data Acquisilion System 130 Doilimore. Jean 616 IDD Internet Data Dlstnbutlon 251 Eckert. John Presper 186 RDA Radar Data Acquisition 444 Elmasri, Ramez 616 RTS Real-Time System 459 Etzlonl. Oren 613 Farmer, Dan 466 Referenced People Feibel . Werner 615, 618, 619 Adleman, Leonard 457. 621 Feiner, Steven 615 Aho. Alfred 54 . 619 Fielding . Roy 618 Ali, M 614 Finln. Tim 613

669 Referenced People

Flores, Fernando 306 Kind. Richard 56 Floyd. Sally 187 Kindberg. Tim 616 Foley. James 615 Kipling. Rudyard 407 Frank. Eibe 616 Kleinrock. Leonard 263 Fraser. Barbara 620 Knuth. Donald E. 620 Gagne. Greg 619 Kohn. G.621 Galvin. Peter 619 Korhonen. Markku 345 de Garis. Hugo 42 Korn. David 301 Gettys. Jim 593 . 621 Korth. Henry 616 Ginoza, Sandy 618 Kotz. David 513 Good. Michael 225 Krol. Ed 618 Gosling. James 364 Kurtz. Thomas 57 Gray. Pamela 619. 620 Labrou. Y.613 Gray. Robert 513. 613 Lai . Xuejia 252 Griswold . Ralph 492 Lamport. Leslie 306 Hall. Marty 620 Lampson. Butler W. 221 Halsall. Fred 619 Lange. Larry 618 Hamilton. Eric 289 Lapsley. Phil 369 Harrison. Colin G. 613 Lee. Richard 618 Hellman. Martin 144 Leigh. Jason 80 Hewlett. Bill 234 Lempel. Abraham 150. 321 Hlnden. Robert 618 Lodin. Steven 620 Hoffman. Ellen 618 Lovelace. Ada Augusta 511 Holl. Smith 550 Ludlow. Juan J 306 Honeyman. Peter 66 Maes. Patlle 613 Howe. Denis 207 Malkin. Gary Scott 618 Huffman. D.A 321 Mandelbrot. Benoit 203 Hughes. John 615 Martin. James 9. 439. 620 Iverson. Kenneth 39 Massey. James 252 Jacobson. Ivar 545. 620. 621 Mauchly. John William 186 Jain. Raj 615 McBryan. Oliver 592 Jennings. Nicholas 614 McCarthy. John 312 Jung. Robert 41 McGregor. Scott 621 Juran. Joseph 533 McLaughlin. Brett 620 KaJan . Ejub 613. 615. 616. 617 . 619 Menezes. Alfred J. 621 Kantor. Brian 369 Metcalfe. Robert 6 Kaplan. Robert 69 Mills. Ralph 550 Kapor. Mitchell 179 Minsky. Marvin 312 Karlton . Philip l. 621 Milrovic. AnlonlJa 78. 282. 300. 614 . 617 Kasparov. Gary 244 Mltrovlc. DeJan 613. 617 Kemeny. John 57 Moffat. Alistair 614 Kernighan. Brian W 54 . 301 . 619. 620 Monostor!. L 614 Kershenbaum. Aaron 613 Moore. Charles 207 Kidall. Gary 115 Morreale. Patricia 614 Kilby. Jack 244 . 524 Morse. Alan 607 . 615 Kind . Irving 56 Naur. Peler 66. 171

670 Referenced People

Navathe, Shamkant616 Scoll. Peter 240 Nesser. Philip J 618 ShamlT. Adl457, 621 Noms, William C. 85 Siegel, Jon 112 Norton, David 69 Silberschatz. Abraham 616. 619 Norvlg. Peter 614 Singhal, Sandeep 615 Nowltz. David 66 Slater. Mel615 Noyce. Robert 244 Sommerville. Ian 621 Nwana. Hyacinth S. 614 Stallings, William 615 Ohlsson. Stellan 614 Stallman, Richard 210 Ohm. Georg Simon 383 Stevens, David 617 Olkarlnen. Jarrko 271 Stevens, W Richard 508, 618 Omondl. Amos 614 Stone. Harold 615 Orwanl. J. 620 Stroustrup, Bjarne 620 Ousterhout. John 513. 526 Sudarshan. S. 616 Ozsu. M.Tamer 616. 617 Tanenbaum, Andrew S. 615, 617, 618. 619. Packard. Dave 234 621 Parisi. Tony 566 Teprenhart. William M, 618 Pasquale. J 615 Tomlinson, Ray 12, 184 Patterson. David 271 Torvalds, Linus 312 Pallerson. John H. 360 Valduriez. Patrick 616. 617 Pesce. Mark 566 van Dam, Andries 615 Portway. Patrick 550 van Oorschot, Paul 621 Postel. Jon B 541 . 618 van Steen. Maarten 617 Python, Monty 461 Vancza. J 614 Quarterman. John 618 Vanstone, Scott A. 621 Raines. Chris 15 Venema, Wietse 466 Rajkumar. T M 619 Veloso, Manuela 614 Raskin. Jef 615 Vlietstra, Jakob 621 Redman, Brian 66 von Neumann. John 296 Reynolds. George 607. 615 Wall. Larry 411 . 620 Reynolds. Joyce K. 618 Watson. Des 620 Richards. Martin 59 Weinberger. Peter 54 . 619 Ritchie, Dennis M. 301 . 620 Welch. Terry 321 Rivest. Ronald 457, 621 Weld. Daniel S. 613 ROb . Peter 616 White. J,614 Romanow. Allyn 187 Wilson. Alan 617 Rombach. Dieter H. 224 Winograd. Terry 306 Rosenthal, David 364 Willen. Ian 375. 614 . 616 Roshal. Eugene 442 Woodcock, JoAnne 621 Roussel, Philippe 427 Wooldridge. Michael 614 Rumbaugh. Jim 545. 620, 621 Worboys. Michael F. 617 Rus. Daniela 513 Young. Walter 101 Russell. Stuart 614 Yourdon. Edward 387, 388, 618 Salmon. Rod 615 Zimmerman, Phil 413 Scheiner. Robert 593. 621 Ziv. Jacob 150. 321 Schuba. Christoph 620

671 Requests For Comment (RFCs)

Requests For Comment (RFCs) RFC1434 . 150 RFC768. 541 RFC1441 . 492 RFC783. 523 RFC1452. 492 RFC792. 247 RFC1462. 618 RFC793. 514 RFC1483. 168. 187 RFC821 . 489 RFC1508. 224 RFC822. 58. 239. 338 . 339. 446. 477 RFC1509. 224 RFC826. 41 RFC1519. 95 RFC854 . 521 RFC1521 . 338. 339 RFC903. 443 RFCl541 . 144 RFC904 . 181 RFC1542. 67 RFC951 . 67 RFC1548. 308 RFC959. 211 RFC1550. 270 RFC977. 369 RFC1570. 308 RFC1006. 398 RFC1577. 187 RFC1014. 599. 603 RFC1583. 398 RFC1034 . 153 RFC1591 . 618 RFC1035. 153. 456 RFC1630. 548. 617 RFC1055. 483 RFC1661 . 308. 424 RFC1057. 603 RFC1663. 424 RFC1058. 448 RFC1689. 367 RFC1064 . 259 RFC1695. 51 RFC1084 . 67 RFC1700. 266. 514 RFC1094 . 364 . 603 RFC1725. 543 RFC1108. 448 RFC1730. 259 RFC1112. 256. 328 RFC1731 . 259 RFC1119. 374 RFC1732. 259 RFC1122. 328. 514 RFC1733. 259 RFC1141 . 120 RFCl771 . 61 RFC1155. 487 RFCl777. 309 RFC1157 . 492 RFCl778. 309 RFC1208. 25 RFC1793. 398 RFC1225. 420 RFC1808. 548 RFC1271 . 451 RFC1813. 364 RFC1305. 374 RFC1818. 59 RFC1319. 331 RFCl848. 346. 411 RFC1320. 331 RFC1853. 363 RFC1321 . 331 RFC1861 . 493 RFC1323. 514 RFC1930. 43 RFC1334 . 94 . 402 RFC1935. 618 RFC1350. 523 RFC1945. 239 RFC1392, 212 RFC1983. 619 RFC1421 . 411 RFC2030. 493 RFC1422. 411 RFC2049. 338 RFC1423. 411 RFC2083. 419 RFC1424 . 411 RFC2150. 417

672 Research Projects

RFC2153. 424 ASTA Advanced Software Technology RFC2196. 620 and Algorithms 48 RFC2205. 458 ASTRAL Alliance for Strategic Token Ring Ad• RFC2231 . 338 vancement and Leadership 48 RFC2244. 19 CACTUS Carlos Addition for Clustered RFC2314. 457 Terminal User Agents 73 RFC2315. 104. 457 CAPIT Capitalization and Punctuation RFC2338. 567 Intelligent Tutor 78 RFC2368. 548 CEA Cambridge Event Architecture 90 RFC2396. 548 CNMA Communications Network RFC2408. 274 for Manufacturing Applications 105 RFC2437. 457 COMAN DOS Construction and Management RFC2460. 618 of Distributed Office Systems 110 RFC2560. 379 CONCISE COSINE Networks' Central RFC2616. 239. 618 Information Service for Europe 110 RFC2626. 618 COP Component-based OS Proxy 111 RFC2646. 338 COSINE Cooperation for Open Systems RFC2660. 477 Interconnection Networking in Europe 112 RFC2661.303 COSMOS Cost Management with Metrics RFC2692. 498 Of Specification 113 RFC2693. 498 CRSS Composable Replaceable Security RFC2740. 317 Services 117 RFC2743. 224 DELIVER Desktop Link to Virtual Engineering RFC2744.224 Resources 142 RFC2801 . 265 DIME Development of Integrated Monetary RFC2805. 334 Electronics 145 RFC2830. 309 DLI Digital Library Initiative 149 RFC2853. 224 DRAGOON Distributed Reusable Ada RFC2854. 237 Generated from an Object-Onented RFC2865. 439 Notation 157 RFC2866. 439 DRIVE Dedicated Road Infrastructure RFC2874. 465 for Vehicle Safety in Europe 158 RFC2900. 618 DSI Distributed Storage Infrastructure 159 RFC2910. 269 DTE Domain and Type Enforcement 163 RFC3010. 364 DVN Digital Video Network 166 RFC3031 . 349 ECLIPSe ECRC Constraint Logic Parallel RFC3102.458 System 173 EDMS Engineering Data Management Research Projects System 177 ACTS Advanced Communications EMF Enterprise Modeling Framework 185 Technologies and Services 22 ERA Electronic Research Administration 190 ADAM Affordable Desktop Application ESPRIT European Strategic Programme Manager 23 for Research and Development AIM Advanced Informatics in Medicine 30 In Information Technology 192 ASP Advanced Security Proxies 47 Gil Global Information Infrastructure 217 GlnlsNT GIS Nis New Technology 217

673 Runtime Systems

HASIS Hail Suppression and Information TACOMA Tromso and Cornell Moving System 227 Agents 509 HENSA Higher Education National Software TEl Text Encoding Initiative 520 Archive 230 TEN Trans-European Network 521 12-DSI Internet2 Distributed Storage TULIP The University licensing Program 537 Infrastructure 241 UNl Universal Networking language 546 12-DVN Internel2 Digital Video Network 241 UOBT University of Oueensland Binary IRAM Intelligent RAM 271 Translator 547 JEDI Joint Electronic Document URI UniverSity Research Initiatlve 548 Interchange 288 UW Universal Word 552 KERMIT Knowledge-based Entity-Relationship VINT Virtual InterNetwork Testbed 559 Modeler for Intelligent Tutoring 299 KSE Knowledge Sharing Effort 301 Runtime Systems lDl logic Data language 309 JRE Java Runtime Environment 294 MOODS Music Object-Oriented Distributed JRTS Java Runtime System 294 System 346 PE Portable Executable 411 NeMoW Network Management on the Web 363 RTTI Run-Time Type Information 460 Nil National Information Infrastructure 366 NZDl New Zealand Digital Library 375 Security OLAM On-line Analytical Mining 384 AAA Authenllcation, Authorization. PACI Partnership for Advanced Computational Accounting 13 Infrastructure 400 ACE Access Control Entry 19 PARAGON Process-algebraic Analysis ACI Access Control Information 20 of Real-time Applications with Graphic• ACl Access Control List 21 Oriented Notation 402 AI Authentication Information 30 PCTE Portable Common Tool Environment 406 Au Authentication 52 POE Portable Development Environment 408 AVP AntiViral Toolkit Pro 53 PODA Piloting of Office Document BAC Basic Access Control 56 Architecture 420 C1 Certification level 1 71 PUMA Performance-oriented User-managed C2 Certification level 2 71 Messaging Architecture 431 CA Certification Authority 72 RACE R&D for Advanced Communications CAT Common Authentication Technology 79 in Europe 438 CBC Cipher Block Chaining 81 RAD Research and Advanced CFB Cipher Feedback 91 Development 439 CMS Cryptography Message Syntax 104 RAISE Rigorous Approach to Industnal CSP Cryptographic Service PrOVider 121 Software Engineering 441 CTl Certificate Trust list 123 RelaTe Remote language Teaching 445 DACl Discretionary Access Control List 128 REQUEST Reliability and Quality of European DASS Distributed Authentication Security Software 446 Service 130 SEDOS Software Environment for the Design of DEA Data Encryption Algorithm 141 Open Systems 474 DEK Dala Encryption Key 141 SETI Search for Extraterrestrial DES Data Encryption Standard 142 Intelligence 476 DH Diffie-Hellman algorithm 144 SPICE Software Process Improvement and DSA Digital Signature Algorithm 158 Capability Evaluation 498 DSS Digital Signature Standard 161

674 System Network Architecture (SNA)

EB Encapsulalton Boundary 170 SCVP Simple Certificate Validation ECa Electronic Code book 172 Protocol 470 ECC Elhpltc Curve Cryptography 172 SEA Security Extension Architecture 474 FEAL Fast Data Enclpherment Algorithm 200 SEAL Software-optimized Encryption GnuPG GNU Privacy Guard 221 AlgOrithm 474 ICF International Cryptography Framework 247 SFL Secure MIME Freeware Library 476 IDEA Internaltonal Data Encryphon SFT System Fault Tolerance 476 AlgOrithm 252 SHA Secure Hash Algorithm 477 IPsec Internet Protocol security 269 SHTIP Secure HTIP 477 IV Initialization Vector 283 SID Security Identifier 478 JCE Java Cryptography Extensions 287 SIMIME Secure (Signed) MIME 488 KDC Key Distribution Center 298 SOCKS Socket Secure 493 KMP Key Management Protocol 300 SPKI Simple Public Key Infrastructure 498 KMT Key Management and Distribution SSL Secure Sockets Layer 502 Toolkit 300 SSO Single Sign-On 502 MAC Message Authentication Code 323 STI Secure Transaction Technology 505 MD Message Digest 331 TCB Trusted Computer Base 512 MITM Man In The Middle 341 TCS Trusted Computer System 517 MOSS MIME Object Security Service 346 TCSEC Trusted Computer Systems Evaluation OCSP Onhne Certificate Status Protocol 379 Criteria 517 OFB Output Feedback 382 TGS Ticket Granting Service 523 PAC PriVilege Attribute Certificate 400 TH Trojan Horse 524 PAM Pluggable Authentication Module 402 TLS Transport-Layer Security 527 PCA Pohcy Certification Authority 404 TNI Trusted Network Interpretation 528 PCT Private Communication Technology 406 TSA Time Stamp AuthOrity 535 PDS Protected Distributed System 410 TSP Time Stamp Protocol 535 PEM Privacy-Enhanced Mail 411 TIP Trusted Third Party 536 PGP Pretty Good Privacy 413 TIS Transaction Tracking System 536 PIN Personal Identificahon Number 416 UAM User Authentication Method 539 PKC Public Key Cryptography 417 UPC Usage Parameter Control 547 PKI Public Key Infrastructure 417 UUID Unique User Identifier 552 PKIX Public Key Infrastructure for X.509 417 WTLS Wireless Transport-Layer Security 590 PRF Pseudo-Random Funclton 426 X 500 595 RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User X 509 597 Service 439 X.800 597 RIPEM Riordan's Intemet PEM 448 XBSS XlOpen Baseline Security Services 598 RIPSO Revised Internet Protocol Security YAPP Yet Another Authentication Protocol 607 Option 448 RPG Remote Password Generator 455 System Network Architecture (SNA) RSA Rivest, Shamir. Adleman encryption 457 ACF Advanced Communications Functions 20 SACL System Access Control List 462 ACTLU Activate Logical Unit 22 SAFER Secure And Fast Encrypbon ACTPU Activate PhYSical Unit 22 Routine 463 APPC Advanced Peer-to-Peer SAID Security Association 10 463 Communication 40 SATAN Security Administrator Tool APPC Advanced Program-to-Program for Analyzing Networks 466 Communication 40

675 Software Engineering

APPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking 40 Software Engineering BIU BasIc Information Unit 64 APAR Authorized Program Analysis Report 38 BLU Basic link Unit 65 ASQ Automated Software Quality 48 BTAM Basic TelecommUnications Access AVAIL Availability 53 Method 70 CBD Component-Based Development 81 DCA Document Content Architecture 135 CC Cyclomatic CompleXity 82 OFT Distributed Function Terminal 143 CCB Change Control Board 82 DHCF Distributed Host Command Facility 144 CE Concurrent Engineering 90 DIA Document Interchange Architecture 144 CM Configuration Management 101 DLC Data Link Control 149 CMM Capability Maturity Model 103 DLS Dlstnbuted Link Services 150 COCOMO Constructive Cost Model 107 DLU Dependent Logical Unit 150 COTS Commercial Off-The-Shelf 113 DLUR Dependent Logical Unit Requester 150 CPM Critical Path Method 115 DLUS Dependent Logical Unit Server 150 CRF Change Request Form 116 FFTDCA Final-Form Text DCA 202 DAG Data Acyclic Graph 128 FMH Function Management Header 205 DATA DeciSion AnalySIS by Tree Age 130 FMI Function Management Interface 206 DBO Design By Objectives 134 FRMR Frame Reject response 210 DFD Data Flow Diagram 143 GDS Generalized Data Stream 215 DQO Data Quality Objectives 157 IPDS Intelligent Printer Data Stream 268 EPC Enterprise Process Continuum 187 LEN Low-Entry Networking 310 ESD Electronic Software Distribution 191 LL Logical Length 312 FPA Function Point AnalYSIS 207 LU Logical Unit 320 GQM Goals, Questions, Metrics 224 LU6.2 Logical Unit 6.2 320 IE Information Engineering 254 ML T Multiple Logical Terminals 341 IPSE Integrated Project Support NAU Network Addressable Unit 358 Environment 269 PIU Path Information Unit 416 IR Information Retrieval 270 PU Physical Unit 431 ISA Information Systems Architecture 273 QLLC Qualified Logical Link Control 435 IV& V Independent Verification & Validation 284 RFTDCA Revisable-Form Text DCA 447 LDM Legacy Data Management 309 RH RequesVResponse Header 448 NIR Networked Information Retneval367 RJE Remote Job Entry 450 OSD Open Software Description 393 RU Response Unit 460 PSP Personal Software Process 429 RUI Request Unit Interface 460 PTF Program Temporary Fix 430 SCS SNACharacter String 469 RACE ReqUirements AcquiSition SDLC Synchronous Data-Link Control 472 and Controlled Evolution 438 SLI Session-Level Interface 483 RAD Rapid Application Development 438 SLS Secondary Link Station 484 RE Requirements Engineering 445 SNA System Network Architecture 490 RTSA Real-Time Structured Analysis 459 SNADS System Network Architecture SA Structured AnalySIS 461 Distributed Services 491 SAD Systems AnalySIS Definition 463 SSCP System Service Control POint 502 SO Structured Design 471 TH TransmisSion Header 523 SDLC Systems Development Life Cycle 473 VCB Verb Control Block 555 SEE Software Engineering Environment 475 XID Exchange Identification 600 SPI Software Process Improvement 497 SQA Software Quality Assurance 499

676 Software Tools

SRM Software Release Management 501 I-CASE Integrated Computer-Aided Software SSA Structured System Analysis 501 Engineering 245 SSADM Structured System Analysis 100 Internet Data Dlstnbulion 251 and Design Method 501 IDE Interactive Development EnVIronment 252 STD State Transition Diagram 503 IEF Information Engineering Facility 255 SIW Software 506 ISODE ISO Development Environment 278 VORD Viewpoints for Requirements J++ Java ++ 285 Definition 563 JAE Java Application EnVIronment 286 V&V Verification & Validallon 570 JAM Just Another Metafile 286 JCK Java Compatibility Kit 287 Software Tools JDK Java Development Kit 288 ABICC ABI C Compiler 17 JFC Java Foundation Classes 289 ACM Audio CompreSSion Manager 21 JIT Just-In-Tlme Compiler 290 ADF Application Development FaCIlity 25 LBE Language-Based Editor 307 ADO ActiveX Data Objects 26 LDM Local Data Manager 309 AFC Application Foundation Classes 28 MIDAS Muilitier Distributed Applications AFP Advanced Function Printing 28 Services 337 ALIBI Adaptive Location of Internetworked MTS Microsoft Transaction Server 353 Bases of Information 32 NCO Norton Change Directory 359 ASIS Ada Semantic Interface Specification 46 NOD Norton Disk Doctor 362 ATK Andrew Toolkit 49 NPDA Network Problem Determinahon ATM Adobe Type Manager 49 Applica\ion 372 AUE Andrew User Environment 52 OBEX Object Exchange 378 AUI Adaptable User Interface 52 ODT Open Desktop 382 AWT Abstract Windows Toolkit 54 OKBC Open Knowledge Base Connectivity 384 BEST BSDI Embedded System Technology 60 OLE Object Linking and Embedding 384 BNU Basic Networking Utilities 66 PAL Palmtop Application Library 402 CASE Computer-Aided Software pASP pocket Active Server Pages 403 Engineering 78 PAW Physics AnalySIS Workbench 403 CCS Common Communication Support 83 PCT Program ComprehenSion Tool 406 CDE Cooperative Development PerlMon Performance MOnitor 411 EnVIronment 85 Ppsh Parallel port shell 425 CDF Common Data Format 86 PTI Portable Tool Interface 430 COIF CASE Data Interchange Format 87 PVM Parallel Virtual Machine 432 COMTI COM Transacllon Integrator 110 RAS Remote-Access Service 443 CVS Concurrent VerSions System 126 RMI Remote Method Invocation 451 DSMIT Distributed System Management RPCGEN Remote Procedure Call Interface Tool 160 Generator 455 DUNCE Dial-Up Network Connection SCCS Source Code Control System 467 Enhancement 165 SDK Software Development Kit 472 EAB Enterprise Access BUilder 169 SMIT System Management Interface Tool 488 Emacs Editing Macros 184 SMS Storage Management Services 488 EMS Electronic Messaging System 186 SPI Service PrOVider Interface 497 EXE2BIN Executable to Binary 194 T Tiny editor 509 GNU GNU's Not UNIX 221 TIA The Internet Adapter 524 UDT Uniform Data Transfer 542

677 Standardization (de jure)

UUCP UNIX-to-UNIX Copy 551 CIE CommIssion Internationale uUldgen Unique User Identifier generator 552 de I'Ecialrage 96 UWIN UNIX for Windows 552 CSA Canadian Standards Association 119 VA VisualAge 553 CSTB Computer Science VBA Visual Basic for Applications 554 and Telecommunications Board 122 VBX Visual BasIc custom control (Xl 555 DCG Data Element Coordination Group 137 VFP Visual FoxPro 558 DIN Deutsches Instltut fuer Normung 146 VI visual interface 558 DIS Draft International Standard 147 WID Wlnsurf Intranet Development 582 000 Department of Defense 154 Wrncmd Windows Commander 583 DP Draft Proposal 155 WMA Wlnsurf Marnframe Access 586 OS Dansk Standard 158 YACl Yet Another Class Library 606 EIA Electronic Industries Alliance 181 YAD Yet Another Decoder 606 EPA Environmental Protection Agency 187 ZAK Zero Administration Kit 609 ETSI European TelecommunicatIon Standards Institute 193 Standardization (de jure) EWOS European Workshop for Open AENOR Asociacl6n Espanola Systems 194 de Normalizacl6n y CertificaCl6n 27 FCC Federal Communications AFEB African EDIFACT Board 28 CommiSSion 197 AFIPS American Federation of Information FCS Fiber-Channel Standard 197 Processing Societies 28 FEDSTD Federal Standard 201 AFNOR Association Franc;aise FIPS Federal Information Processing de Normalisation 28 Standard 204 ANSI American National Standards Institute 37 FIPS PUB FIPS Publication 204 ANSI/SPARC ANSI Standards Planning FTSC Federal Telecommunica\rons Standards and ReqUirements Committee 37 Committee 211 ANZEB Australia/New Zealand EDIFACT Board GS GeprOfte Sicherheit 224 37 118N I-eighteen letters-N 241 AOW ASia-OceaniC Workshop 38 IEC International Electrotechnical ARA Attnbute Registration Authorrty 40 Commission 254 ASC Accredited Standards Committee 43 IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics ASC X.3 Accredited Standards Engineers 254 Committee X.3 44 IFIP InternatIonal Federation of InformatIon ASC X 12 Accredited Standards Processing 256 Committee X.12 44 IMQ Istituto Italiano del MarchIO dl Quahtil 259 ASEB Asia EDIFACT Board 45 IS International Standard 273 AUSTEl Australia Telecommunications 53 ISO International Organization BSI British Standards Institution 69 for Standardization 276 CCIR Consultative Committee for International ISP International Standardized Profile 278 Radio 83 ITU International Telecommunication CCITT Comlte Consultatif International Union 282 Telegraphlque et Telephonique 83 ITU-R ITU-Radlo Communrcations CEN Comite Europeen de Normalisation 91 Sector 283 CENElEC European Committee ITU-T ITU-Telecommunlcation Sector 283 for Electrotechnlcal StandardIzatIon 91 JBIG Joint BI -Ievel Image Experts Group 287 JPEG Joint PhotographiC Experts Group 293

678 Storage Devices, Media & Technology

JSA Japanese Standards Assoclallon 294 CD-ROM Compact Dlsk-Read-Only Memory 87 JTC1 JOint Technical Committee # 1 295 CD-ROMfXA CD-ROMfExtended JUS Jugoslovenskl Standard 295 Architecture 88 MIF Minimum Internetworklng CD-WORM CD-Write-Once Read-Many 90 Functionality 338 CHS CylinderfHeadfSector 94 NBS Nallonal Bureau of Standards 359 CIM Computer Input Microfilm 97 NCSC National Computer Security CLV Constant Unear Velocity 101 Commission 361 COLD Computer Output to Laser Disk 109 NIST National Institute of Standards COM Computer Output to Microfilm 109 and Technology 368 DAS Disk Array Subsystem 130 NSAI National Standards Authority DASD Direct Access Storage Device 130 of Ireland 372 OAT Digital Audio Tape 130 NSB National Standards Body 373 DDS Digital Data Storage 140 ODETTE Organization for Data Exchange DIVX Digital Video Express 148 by Teletransmlsslon In Europe 381 DL T Digital Linear Tape 150 PAEB Pan-American EDIFACT Board 401 DRAW Direct Read After Write 157 RS Recommended Standard 456 DRDW Direct Read During Write 157 SI Systeme Internallonal d'Uniles 478 DS/DD Double SidedlDouble Density 159 SPARC Standards Planning and ReqUirements DS/HD Double Sided/High Density 159 Committee 495 DVD Digital Video Disk 166 TAG Technical Advisory Group 510 EIDE Extended Integrated Drive TIA Telecommunications Industry Electronics 181 Assoclalion 524 ERLL Enhanced Run-Length limited 190 TMN Telecommunications Management ESDI Enhanced Small Device Interface 191 Network 527 FD Floppy Disk 197 TUV Technlscher Uberwachungsvereln 537 FDD Floppy Disk Drive 198 UL Underwriters Laboratories 545 FRAM FerroelectriC Random-Access UNI Ente Nazionale Italiano dl Unlficazlone 546 Memory 209 USDoD US Department of Defense 550 GCR Group Code Recording 214 VDE Verband der Elektrotechnlk, Elektronlk HD Hard Disk 228 und Informationstechnik 557 HOD Hard Disk Drive 228 WEEB Western Europe EDIFACT Board 581 HIFD High Floppy Disk 231 HSM Hierarchical Storage Management 236 Storage Devices, Media IBG Inter-Block Gap 243 & Technology IDE Integrated DeVice Electronics 252 AME Advanced Metal Evaporated 34 IPI Intelligent Penpheral Interface 268 ARLL Advanced Run-Length Limited 41 IRG Inter-Record Gap 271 ATA Advanced Technology Attachment 48 LBA Logical Block Addressing 307 A TAPI AT Attached Packet Interface 49 LlMDOW light-IntenSity Modulalion/Dlrect CAY Constant Angular Velocity 80 Overwnte 311 CCS ContinUOUS CompoSite Servo 83 LTO Liner Tape Open 319 CD Compact Disk 84 LUN Logical Unit Number 320 CD-DA Compact Disk-Digital AudiO 85 LVD Low Voltage Differential 320 CD-E Compact Disk-Erasable 85 MFM Modified Frequency Modulation 334 CD-I Compact Dlsk-Interacllve 86 MMCD Multimedia Compact Disk 342 CD R Compact Disk-Recordable 87 MO Magneto-Optical 344

679 Telecommunications ~------

MR Magneto-Resistive 350 AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System 35 MTU Magnetic Tape Untt 353 ARS Automatic Route Selection 42 NAS Network Attached Storage 358 ASR Automatic Send/Receive 48 NOR Nondestructive Readout 362 ATOP Attention Dial Pulse 49 NDRO Nondestructive Readout 362 ATDT Attention Dial Tone 49 OROM Optical ROM 391 BAS Bit-rate Allocation Signal 57 P-CAV Partial Constant Angular CAS Channel ASSOCiated Signaling 78 VelOCity 404 CBX Computerized Branch Exchange 82 PDS Partlltoned Data Set 410 CC Country Code 82 QIC Quarter-Inch Cartridge 434 CCS Common Channel Signaling 83 RAID Redundant Array of Independent COMA Code DIVision Multiple Access 87 (InexpenSive) Disks 439 CO Central Office 105 Rll Run-length-limited encoding 450 CPE Customer Premises EqUipment 113 RZ Return to Zero 460 CPI Computer-to-PBX Interface 114 RZI Return to Zero Inverted 460 CSU Channel Service Unit 122 SCAM SCSI Configuration Automatically 467 CTI Computer- Telephone Integration 123 SCSI Small Computer System Interface 469 DAA Data Access Arrangement 127 SOX Storage Data Acceleration (x) 473 DAB Digital AudiO Broadcast 128 SLED Single large ExpenSive Disk 483 DAC Dual-Attachment Concentrator 128 SMART Self-Monitoring. AnalySIS DAM A Demand-Assigned Multiple Access 128 and Reporting Technology 484 DAS Dual Attachment Station 130 SS Sampled Servo 501 DBS Direct Broadcast Satellite 134 SSA Serial Storage Architecture 501 DCS Digital Cross-connect System 138 VHD Very High DenSity 558 DDS Digital Data Service 140 VRC Vertical Redundancy Check 565 DECT Digital European Cordless WORM Write-Once Read-Many 588 TelecommUnication 141 ZBR Zone Bit Recording 610 DID Direct Inward Dialing 145 ZCAV Zoned Constant Angular Velocity 610 DMI Digital Multiplexed Interface 151 ZClV Zoned Constant linear Velocity 610 DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface ZDR Zone DenSity Recording 610 SpeCification 154 DOD Direct Outward Dialing 154 Telecomm un ications DOV Data Over VOice 155 lG First (lst)-Generatlon Wireless 3 DSl Digital Subscnber line 159 2G Second (2nd)-Generallon Wireless 4 DSlAM Digital Subscnber Une Access 3G Third (3rd)-Generatlon Wireless 6 Multiplexer 159 AA Auto Answer 13 DSn Digital Signal (Service) level n 158 ABX Advanced Branch Exchange 18 DSU Digital (Data) Service Unit 162 ACD Automatic Call Distribution 19 DSVD Digital Simultaneous VOice ACE Adverse Channel Enhancement 19 and Data 162 ACeS ASia Cellular Satellite system 20 DUV Data Under VOice 165 ACU Automatic Calling Unit 23 DVB Digital Video Broadcast 166 ADM Add-Drop MultipleXing 25 DVM DataNOIce Multiplexer 166 ADMD Administration Management Domain 25 EHF Extremely High Frequency 181 ADSl Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Une 27 ELF Extremely low Frequency 184 AIOD Automatic Identification of Outward ESN Electronic Switched Network 192 Dialing 31 FAX Facsimile 196

680 Testing Environments & Procedures

FCIF Full Common Intermediale Format 197 OSG Open Service Gateway 395 FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing 200 PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange 400 FDMA Frequency DiVision Multiple Access 200 PAL Phase Alternating Line 402 FOD Fax On Demand 206 PBX Private Branch Exchange 404 FPM Fast Packet Multiplexing 208 PCN Personal Communications Network 406 FRAD Frame-Relay Access Device 209 PCS Personal Communlcallons Services 406 FTIC Fiber To The Curb 211 POP POint Of Presence 420 FTIH Fiber To The Home 212 POTS Plain Old Telephone System 422 FTIN Fiber To The Neighborhood 212 PSN Public Switched Network 429 GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit 215 PSTN Public SWitched Telephone Network 430 GEOS Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellite 215 PIT Postal, Telegraph and Telephone 431 GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite RADAR Radio Detecting and Ranging 439 System 220 RF RadiO Frequency 446 GPRS General Packet RadiO Services 223 RI NEX Receiver-Independent Exchange GPS Global Positioning System 223 Format 448 GSM Global System for Mobile SDM Space DIVISion Multiplexing 473 communications 224 SHF Super-High Frequency 477 HAVI Home AudloNideo Interoperabilily 228 SMDR Station Message Detail Recording 485 HDSL High-blt-rate Digital Subscriber Line 230 SMS Short Messaging Service 488 HDTV High-Definition Television 230 SNPP Simple Network Paging Protocol 493 HF High Frequency 230 STDM Statistical Time-Division HMUX Hybrid Multiplexer 234 Multiplexing 504 HPF High-Pass Filter 235 TlIE1 509 HFC Hybrid Fiber Coax 230 TDM Time-DIvision Multiplexing 519 10C Interoffice Channel 265 TDMA Time-DiviSion Multiple Access 519 IRD Integrated RecelverlDecoder 271 Transceiver Transmitter/Receiver 534 ISU Integrated Service Unit 280 TWX TeletypeWriter Exchange 537 IVD Integrated Voice and Data 283 UADSL Universal Asymmetrical Digital IXC Inter-Exchange Carner 284 Subscnber Line 539 LATA Local Access and Transport Area 306 UHF Ultra-High Frequency 542 LCR Least Cost Routmg 309 V nn 553 LEC Local Exchange Carner 309 VDSL Very-hlgh-data-rate Digital SubSCriber LEOS Low Earth Orbit Satellites 310 Line 557 LF Low Frequency 310 VHF Very High Frequency 558 MEO Medium Earth Orbit 333 VLF Very Low Frequency 561 MF Medium Frequency 334 VSA T Very-Small-Aperture Terminal 567 MMDS Multichannel MultipOint Distributed VT Virtual Tributary 569 System 342 WATS Wide Area Trunk Services 575 MSC Mobile Switching Center 351 wDSL Wavelet Digital SubSCriber line 579 MTSO Mobile Telephone SWitching Office 353 xDSL Any (x) Digital SubSCriber Line 599 NAMPS Narrowband Advanced Mobile ZBTSI Zero-Byte Time Slot Interchange 610 Phone System 357 NBS Narrowband Sockets 359 Testing Environments & Procedures NT-2 Network Termlnator-2 374 ACTS Application Conformance Test SUite 22 OAI Open Application Interface 377 ATE Automatic Test EqUipment 49 OH Open Hook 383 ATS Abstract Test Suite 51

681 Time Zones

BERT Bit Error Rate Tester 60 cn China Taiwan Time 123 BLERT Block Error Rate Test 65 EAT Eastern Arrlca Time 169 CAT Computer-Aided Testing 79 EDT Eastern Daylight Time 178 CETS Compllallon Environment Test SUite 91 EEST Eastern European Summer Time 178 CSFS Cable-Signa I-Fault Signature 120 EET Eastern European Time 178 CT Conrormance Testing 122 EST Eastern Standard Time 192 CTS Conrormance Testing Service 123 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 221 DMM Digital Mul\lmeter 152 GST Guam Standard Time 224 DS Distributed Single-Layer 158 HST Hawaii Standard Time 237 DSE Distributed Single-layer Embedded 159 IDLE Internaltonal Date line East 254 ICTS Implementation Conrormance IDLW International Date Line West 254 Test SUite 250 1ST India Standard Time 279 L TM line Traffic Monitor 319 1ST Irish Summer Time 279 OTDR Optical Time-Domain IT Iran Time 281 Renectometer 398 JST Japan Standard Time 295 PCO Point or Control and Observation 406 JT Java Time 295 POST Power-On Selr-Test 422 MDT Mountain Daylight Time 332 QLT Quality Logic Test 435 MET Middle European Time 334 SUT System Under Test 505 METDST Middle European Time Daylight TAM Test Access Mechanism 510 Saving Time 334 TCP Test Coordination Procedure 514 MIT Midway Islands Standard Time 341 TOR Time-Domain Renectometer 520 MST Mountain Standard Time 352 TMP Test Management Protocol 527 NOT Newfoundland Daylight Time 362 UT Upper Tester 550 NET Near East (Yerevan) Time 363 NFT Newroundland Standard Time 365 Time Zones NZDT New Zealand Daylight Time 376 ACT Australia Central (Darwin) Time 22 NZST New Zealand Standard Time 376 AEDT Australia Eastern Daylight Time 27 PDT PaCific Daylight Time 410 AEST Australia Eastern Standard Time 27 PL T Pakistan Lahore Time 418 AGT Argentina Time 29 PRT Puerto RIco and US Virgin Islands AKDT Alaska Standard Daylight Time 427 Saving Time 31 PST PaCific Standard Time 430 AKST Alaska Standard Time 31 SADT South Australia (Adelaide) Daylight ART ArabiC (Egypt) Standard Time 42 Time 463 AST Aleutian Islands Standard Time 48 SAST South Arrlca Standard Time 466 AST Allantic (Canada) Standard Time 48 SAST South Australta (Adelaide) Standard BST Bangladesh Standard Time 69 Time 466 BST BraZil Standard Time 69 SGT Singapore Time 477 BST British Summer Time 69 SST Solomon Islands Standard Time 502 BT Baghdad Time 69 TAl Temps Atomique International CCT China Coast Time 84 (Internaltonal AtomiC Time) 510 COT Central Daylight Time 89 TZ Time Zone 537 CET Central European Time 91 UTC Universal Time Coordinated 550 CNT Canada Newfoundland Standard VST Vietnam Standard Time 568 Time 105 WAT West Arrtca Time 575 CST Central Standard Time 122 WEDT Western European Daylight Time 581

682 World-Wide Web (WWW)

WET Western European Time 581 ICCCM Interclient Communications WST Western Standard (Australia) Time 589 Conllenllons Manual 246 IrSOCK Infrared Sockets 272 UNIX Commands MMC Microsoft Management Console 342 cal calendar 76 MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server 351 cc C compiler 82 MWM Motif Window Manager 356 cd change directory 84 NeWS Network extensible Window chgroup change group 94 System 364 chmode change mode 94 OLIT OpenLook Intrinsic Toolkit 385 chown change owner 94 SDI Single Document Interface 471 cmp compare 104 twm tab window manager 537 cp copy 113 VAT Visual Audio Tool 554 csh C shell 120 VIF Virtual Interface 559 enll enllironment 187 WABI Windows Application Binary Inetd Internet daemon 260 Interface 571 ksh Korn shell 301 X XWindow System 593 Ipstat line printer status 316 X11 X Version 11 594 Is list 317 XIE X Image Extension 600 man manual 324 xwd X window dump 604 mkdlr make directory 341 mll molle 355 World-Wide Web (WWW) ps print status 428 404 8 pwd print working directory 432 Ad Web Adllertlslng 23 rcp remote copy 443 ALIWEB Archie-like IndeXing for the Web 32 rlogln remote login 450 AOL America Online 38 rm remolle 450 APPEL A P3P Preference Exchange rmdlr remolle directory 451 Language 40 rsh remote shell protocol 457 AVS Adult Verification System 53 sudo superuser do 505 BABEL Broadcasting Across the Barners UUCICO UNIX-to-UNIX copy-in copy-out 551 of European Languages 56 uucp UNIX-te-UNIX copy program 551 BEST Best Education Sites Today 60 uudecode UNIX-to-UNIX decode 551 BIX BYTE Information Exchange 64 uuencode UNIX-Io-UNIX encode 551 CDF Channel Definition Format 85 uux UNIX-to-UNIX 552 CGI Common Gateway Interface 93 uuxqt UNIX-to-UNIX execute 552 CIS CompuServe Information Service 98 YaCC Yet another Compiler-Compiler 605 cpa cost per action 113 CPAN ComprehenSllle PERL Archive Windows Technologies Network 113 APE Application Performance Explorer 39 CPM Cost Per Thousand 115 DDK Dellice Driller Kit 139 cps cost per sale 115 DDV Dialog Data Validation 140 CRAYON Create Your Own Newspaper 116 DDX Dialog Data Exchange 140 CSS Cascading Style Sheets 121 DEB Debug Event Browser 141 CUSI Configurable Unified Search Index 125 DXA Directory Exchange Agent 168 DOM Document Object Model 154 GWES Graphics. Windowing and Events e-form electrOniC form 179 Subsystem 226

683 World-Wide Web (WWW)

ERIC Educational Resources Information SSI Server-Side Include 502 Center 190 SWISH Simple Web Indexing System e-Iext electronic text 193 for Humans 508 e-zlne electroniC magazine 194 TAP The Ada PrOject 511 FAQ Frequently Asked Quesllons 195 UNCLE UNIX Net for Computer Security favlcon favorite Icon 195 in Law Enforcement 546 GROW GNU Remote Opera lions Web 224 URC Uniform Resource Characteristic 548 HDM Hypermedia Design Method 229 URI Universal Resource Identifier 548 HITS Hyperhnk-Induced TopIc Search 231 URL Uniform (Universal) Resource HREF Hypertext Reference 236 Locator 548 HTTPD HyperText Transfer Protocol VADD Visua-Age Developer Domain 553 Daemon 239 VERONICA Very Easy Rodent-Oriented HTTPS HTTP Server 240 Net-wide Index to Computerized HYTELNET Hypertext browser for Telnet 240 Archives 557 IBD Internet Business Directory 243 Vortal Vertical Industry Portal 563 ICP Internet Content Provider 249 W3 World-Wide Web 571 IE Internet Explorer 254 W3A World-Wide Web Applets 571 liS Internet Information Server 258 WAI Web Accessibility Inltiallve 572 JSP Java Server Pages 295 WAI Web Access Intermediaries 572 JSSS JavaScript Style Sheets 295 WAI Web Application Interface 572 JUGHEAD Jonzy's Universal Gopher Hierarchy WAIBA Wide Area Information Browsing Excavation And Display 295 Assistance 572 KIS Knowbot Information Service 299 WAIS Wide Area Information Service 573 Lynx Less Insecure (any) UNIX 321 WBI Web Browser Intelligence 576 MESCH Multi-WAIS Engine Search WBT Web-Based Training Information for Commercial Hosts 333 Center 577 MilS Mlcrosofllnternet Information Server 338 WebDAV Web Distributed Authoring MSIE Microsofllnternet Explorer 351 and VerSloning 580 NIKOS New Internet Knowledge System 366 Webzlne Web magazine 580 P3P Platform for Privacy Preferences WED World E-mail Directory 581 Project 399 WF Web Farming 581 PEP Protocol Extension Protocol 411 WISE Web-Integrated Software MetriCS PICS Platform for Internet Content EnVironment 584 Selection 415 WIT W3 Interactive Talk 585 PURL Persistent Universal Resource WRB Web Request Broker 589 Locator 431 WWW World-Wide Web 590 RDF Resource Description Framework 444 WWWW World-Wide Web Worm 592 RELURL Relative Universal (Uniform) YAHOOI Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Resource Locator 445 Oracle 606 RMM Relationship Management ZOPE Z Object Publishing EnVIron• Methodology 451 ment 611

684