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Megalithic Sanctuaries in the Cross-Border Region Serres - Blagoevgrad

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Megalithic Sanctuaries in the Cross-Border Region Serres - Blagoevgrad 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD “MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS - BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD" This virtual cultural tour is a journey to the largest and the most attractive for the cultural tourism megalithic sanctuaries in the cross-border region Bulgaria - Greece, situated along the Struma River from the region of the town of Serres in the Republic of Greece to the region of the town of Blagoevgrad in the Republic of Bulgaria. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 1/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD 1.We start our journey from the town of Sidirokastro, region of Serres, Republic of Greece. The region of Sidirokastro is full of beautiful rock formations. Northeast of the town is the remarkable rock sanctuary "The Black Rock". It was studied archaeologically by the famous Greek archaeologist Katerina Peristeri. It is situated in a small fault between the continental rocks, where a cult niche carved in the rock dominates. It is high in the northern part lit by the sun and can be accessed by steps carved in the rock ending with a three-level site. The steps are much destroyed. There is an inscription "APOLLON", part of the body of Apollo, a body of god Pan without head and other fragments of female statues of Nymphs. According to the archaeological finds, the sanctuary dates from the 2nd century AD until the 4th century AD. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 2/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The rock sanctuary "The Black Rock". Fault rock and the sacralized cave. On a lower level there were springs forming a small lake which no longer exists due to new drainage works in the area. In the depth of the fault there was a sacred cave, which after the destruction of the cult sanctuary in the 4th century AD was inhabited by shepherds in its present form. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 3/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD A rock-cut niche in the Northern plumb of the sanctuary. The rock sanctuary "The Black Rock". The sacred spring of the nymphs. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 4/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD General location view. The Rock Sanctuary "Black Rock", dedicated to Apollo, Nymphs and God Pan from the 2nd century AD, shows the connection of the location with pagan cults, which are also found in other regions of the Balkans. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 5/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The rock sanctuary "The Black Rock". The sacred site is connected with part of the new wall from inside the cave (Early Christian period, 4th century AD). A view from above. The sanctuary is accessible by asphalt road, 3 km northeast of the town of Sidirokastro. 2. In the eastern part of Sidirokastro, on the sheer cliffs in the region of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona church we find two cut monumental rock tombs. Their entrances are shaped like facades of antique temples, ending upstairs with a triangular gable. One of the tombs was later transformed into a Christian temple. Today it is included as part of the interior of the architectural church of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona. The burial room of the tomb serves as an altar of a modern Christian temple. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 6/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The church of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona near Sidirokastro. Exterior. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 7/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The church of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona near Sidirokastro. Exterior. Rock-cut tomb with a facade, shaped like an ancient temple. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 8/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The church of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona near Sidirokastro. Interior. The facade of another tomb is also shaped as a silhouette of an ancient temple. It is located directly north of the temple of St. Dimitrios and St. Zone. It is left unfinished in antiquity. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 9/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD A rock-cut tomb with a facade, shaped like an ancient temple, located north of the temple of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona The icon of St. Zona gives health to worshippers. We find it covered all over with votive gifts. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 10/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The icon of St. Zona covered with votive gifts. The church of St. Dimitrios and St. Zona. The monuments are 2 km east of the city center of Siderokastro on an asphalt road. 3. We continue north, crossing the Bulgarian-Greek border at Promahon/Kulata and we reach the hinterland of the ancient town of Heraclea Sintica (near the village of Rupite, Petrich Municipality, Republic of Bulgaria). The Chapel of St. Panteleimon is situated on the left bank of the Struma river in the sheer monumental cliffs (between the present-day villages Levunovo and General Todorov). The holy place was studied by the research team of Prof. Vasil Markov from Southwest University "Neofit Rilski" in Blagoevgrad. The chapel has inherited an ancient Thracian megalithic sanctuary, carved into sacralized rocks. The sacred cave, located in its north end has been transformed into a rock church. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 11/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The rock chapel of St. Panteleimon. Interior. At the altar of the rock church, instead of an icon there is a built-in ancient relief, thought today as the image of the saint. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 12/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD An ancient relief instead of an icon in the apse of the rock chapel of St. Panteleimon. At the southern end of the sanctuary, a small passage cave is located, facing west to the sunset. People believe that St. Panteleimon used to live here. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 13/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD The cave - St. Panteleimon's home. Exterior. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 14/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD Traces of traditional healing practices in the cave of St. Panteleimon. People perform different healing rituals in the cave. To become healthy, they pass through it, tie red thread to the ladder, the bushes and the rocks, leave Geranium and other flowers on the icon of the saint and light candles in sacralized cave. The cave which is believed to be St. Panteleimon's home. Interior. Once they used to boil the pebbles chipped off the cave in water which they drank to become healthy. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 15/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD St. Panteleimon's cave over the Struma River. A view inside out. The Bulgarian people's faith has preserved a remarkable legend about this holy place, also known as the "Bee Rock". The Bee Rock, home of Krali Marko and his mother, according to the folk legend. The legend says that when the Turks came to these lands, the mighty Bulgarian hero Krali Marko fought with them. Failing to defeat them, he retreated in this rock together with his mother and they made a home here. The two of them started to breed bees here. The bees are still there today. However, no one can reach the honey and it drips into the Struma River. Most probably it refers to а legacy of an ancient Thracian myth dedicated to the Great Goddess, whose earliest zoomorphic image is the bee, as well as her son –the male deity in ancient Thrace inherited from the folklore hero Krali Marko. The sanctuary is reachable by an asphalt road. It is only 4 km away from the village of Levunovo, Sandanski as well as from the village of General Todorov, Petrich region. http://sandanskibg.com/ 4. We continue north on the E79 international road and get into the hinterland of the ancient city of Parthicopolis, inherited by today's town of Sandanski. On the right bank of the Struma river, high in Ograzhden mountain, on the impressive Krustilski peak (above the village of Krustiltsi) а Christian chapel with a patron "Ascension of Christ"(St. Spas) is located. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 16/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD Krustilski peak file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/DELIVERABLES_BORDERLESS_CULTURE_01.12.2020/5.4.1_Cultural_routes/1.htm 17/44 2/12/2020 MEGALITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION SERRES - BLAGOEVGRAD Krustilski peak The holy place is explored by the interdisciplinary research team of Professor Vasil Markov from the South-west University "Neofit Rilski" in Blagoevgrad.
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