The Unknown Schubert

Edited by

BARBARA M.REUL Luther College, University ofRegina, Canada

and

LORRAINE BYRNE BODLEY National University ofIreland, Maynooth, Ireland

ASHGATE Contents

List ofFigures vii List of Tables ix List ofMusic Examples xi

Notes on Contributors xv

Foreword xxi Susan Youens

Editorial Note xxix

PARTI Lieder

1 Mayrhofer, Schubert, and the myth of "Vocal Memnon" 3 Marjorie Hirsch

2 Beyond the Leiermann: Disorder, reality, and the power of imagination in the final songs of Schubert's Winterreise 25 Richard Giarusso

3 Musical representation of concepts in Schubert's settings of the Jena Romantics 43 Lisa Feurzeig

PART II Sacred Music

4 Small is beautiful: Schubert's smaller sacred works 59 Crawford Howie

PART III Opera

5 and Viennese popular comedy 83 Mary Wischusen 6 "Ever More Fearful Grows the Confusion": Genre and the problem of musical narrative in Schubert's Fierrabras 99 Brian Locke

7 Goethe and Schubert: Claudine von Villa Bella— conflict and reconciliation 119 Lorraine Byrne Bodley vi The Unknown Schubert

PART IV Chamber Music

8 The Beethoven allusions in "Aufdem Strom" (D.943) 137 Larry Hamberlin

9 Et in Arcadia ego: The elegiac structure of Schubert's Quartettsatz in C minor (D.703) 145 Su Yin Mak

PART V Piano Music

10 Hypermeter, phrase length, and temporal disjuncture in Schubert's Klavierstiick No. 3 (D.946) 157 Ryan McClelland 11 Distancing the heroic: the Piano Sonata in D major (D.850) 177 Cameron Gardner

12 Composing with the "nursery apparatus": thoughts prompted by two lesser-known Schubert piano works 201 Brian Newbould

13 Revisiting Schubert's Czech connections 219 Kenneth DeLong

PART VI Unfinished Works

14 Late style and the paradoxical poetics of the Schubert-Berio Renderings 233 Lorraine Byrne Bodley

Afterword 251 David Gramit

Appendix: Claudine von Villa Bella at the University of Regina 255 Barbara M. Reul

Index 259 List of Figures

1.1 Colossi of Memnon. From Charles Gillispie and Michel Dewachter, Monuments ofEgypt; The Napoleonic Edition, Vol. 1, Princeton: Princeton Architectural Press, 1987. Reprinted by permission of Princeton Architectural Press. All rights reserved. 5

2.1 Schubert, "Die Nebensonnen" (D.911/23), mm. 20-32, autograph score. Used with the permission of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York. 37

9.1 Schubert, Quartettsatz in C minor (D.703), overall harmonic and bass motion (after David Beach). Reprinted by permission of the Journal ofMusic Theory. 152

14.1 Giotto, Isaac rejects Esau, fresco in the Upper Basilica of St. Francis, Assisi. Used with permission of St. Francis Basilica, Assisi. 242 List of Tables

1.1 Schubert "Memnon" (D.541), text by , trans. George Bird and Richard Stokes, in Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (comp.), The Fischer-Dieskau Book ofLieder (New York: Limelight Editions, 1995), pp. 298-9 10 2.1 The early history of Schubert's Winterreise (D.911) 26 2.2 Winterreise, comparison of ordering in Schubert and Miiller 27

3.1 Schubert, "Die Berge" (D.634), text by Friedrich Schlegel 46 3.2 Compositional design of Schubert's "Die Berge" (D.634) 47 3.3 "Die Gebusche," text by Friedrich Schlegel, stanzas 2 and 4 49 3.4 Schubert's Novalis settings 51

4.1 Schubert's sacred and semi-sacred music 61 4.2 Four possible Mass "reconstructions" 78

6.1 Formal and musico-dramatic layout of two multisection ensembles in Schubert's Fierrabras (D.796), Act 1 106 6.2 Formal and musico-dramatic layout of "Der Taucher", D.77 (second version) 108 6.3 Formal and musico-dramatic layout of Fierrabras, Act II, Scene iii 111 6.4 Formal and musico-dramatic layout of Fierrabras, Act III, Scenes ii and iii 114

8.1 Schubert, "Auf dem Strom" (D.943); text by Ludwig Rellstab, English translation by Richard Wigmore, from Schubert: The Complete Song Texts (London: Victor Gollancz, 1988), pp. 57-8 139

9.1 Schiller, "Die Gotter Griechenlands," Strophe 12. English translation by Pauline Burton, unpublished 148 9.2 , "An die Musik" (Text of Schubert's D.547); English translation by Richard Wigmore, from Schubert: The Complete Song Texts (London: Victor Gollancz, 1988), pp. 44-5 149

11.1 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), first movement, sequential groups of development, mm. 111-43 184 11.2 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), expressive design of slow movement, scherzo, trio, and finale 189 List of Music Examples

1.1 Schubert, "Memnon" (D.541) 16

2.1 Schubert, "Mut" (D.911/22) 34

3.1 Schubert, "Die Sterne" (D.939), mm. 1-2 48 3.2 Schubert, "Die Gebusche" (D.646), mm. 1-3 48 3.3 Schubert, "Nachthymne" (D.687), mm. 17-20 54

4.1 a Schubert, Mass in E-flat major (D.950), "Agnus Dei", mm. 250-56 76 4.1b Schubert, Tantum ergo in E-flat major (D.962), mm. 29-33 76 4.1 c Schubert, Intende voci in B-flat major (D.963), mm. 283-92 77

5.1 Schubert, Des Teufels Lustschloss (D.84), "Was ktimmert mich ein sumpfig Land," Act 1, no. 2, mm. 4-12 91 5.2 Schubert, Des Teufels Lustschloss (D.84), "Ha! dein Urtheil ist gesprochen!" Act 2, no. 15, mm. 77-83 92 5.3 Schubert, Die Freunde von Salamanka (D.326), "Ein wackres Thier," Act 2, no. 11, mm. 12-16 93 5.4 Schubert, Claudine von Villa Bella (D.239), "Frohlicher, seliger, Herrlicher Tag!" Act 1, no. 2, mm. 13-19 94

6.1 Schubert, Fierrabras (D.796), Act 1, no. 6, Sc. 12, mm. 18-22 109 6.2 Schubert, Fierrabras (D.796), Act 2, no. 15, mm. 18-33 113 6.3 Schubert, Fierrabras (D.796), Act 2, no. 17, Sc. 13, mm. 96-104 114 6.4 Schubert, Fierrabras (D.796), Act 3, no. 21, Marcia funebre,

mm. 35-41 117

8.1a Schubert, "Auf dem Strom" (D.943), mm. 2-9, horn in E (notated pitch) 142 8.1b Beethoven, Symphony no. 5, fourth movement, mm. 26-36, horn 1 in C (notated pitch), violin 1 142

9.1 Schubert, Quartettsatz in C minor (D.703), principal themes 146 9.2 Schubert, String Quartet in C major (D.46), first movement: principal themes 149 9.3 Schubert, Quartettsatz in C minor (D.703), beginning of development 151

10.1 Schubert, Klavierstiick (D.946), no. 3, A section (mm. 1-73) 163 10.2 Schubert, Klavierstiick (D.946), no. 3, ending (mm. 218-51) 168 10.3 Schubert, Klavierstiick (D.946), no. 3, start of B section (mm. 74-85) 171 Xll The Unknown Schubert

10.4 Schubert, Klavierstiick (D.946), no. 3, hypermeter in second part of B section (mm. 95-112) 172 10.5 Schubert, Klavierstiick (D.946), no. 3, recomposition of second part of B section (mm. 95-112) 173

11.1 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), first movement, opening 181 11.1a Schubert, Piano Sonata in A minor (D.784), Schubert, Piano Sonata in C major (D.840), Schubert, Piano Sonata in A minor (D.845) 182 11.2 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), first movement, beginning of second subject and development of "hunter" theme 183 11.2a Opening of Beethoven's "Les Adieux" Sonata (op. 81a) and Schubert's "Der Alpenjager" (D.588) 184 11.3 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), first movement, mm. 144-51 185 11.4 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), end ofA" (mm. 177-87) and coda of second movement 191 11.5 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), dance scheme of scherzo (B) 193 11.6 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), main theme of finale 194 11.7 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), end of first movement and finale 196

12.1 Schubert, Symphony no. 9 in C major ("Great", D.944): first movement, mm. 6-8 202 12.2 Schubert, Symphony no. 9 in C major ("Great", D.944): first movement, mm. 220-25 202 12.3 Schubert, String Quartet in G major (D.887): third movement, mm. 1-4 202 12.4 Schubert, "Wanderer" Fantasy, mm. 83-4 (a) and 90-91 (c) 204 12.5 Schubert, Piano Sonata in D major (D.850), third movement, mm. 8-12 (a) and 84-88 (c) 204 12.6 Schubert, Magnificat in C major (D.486), mm. 222-33 207 12.7 Beethoven, Symphony no. 9, third movement, mm. 143-71 208 12.8 Schubert, Allegretto in C minor (D.900), mm. 20-25 208 12.9 Schubert, Piano Sonata in C major ("Reliquie", D.840), fourth movement, mm. 50-55 209 12.10 Schubert, Piano Sonata in C major ("Reliquie", D.840), completion by Brian Newbould, fourth movement, mm. 50-55 (a) and 315-19 (c) 210 12.11 Schubert, Symphony no. 9 in C major, ("Great", D.940), first movement, mm. 546-58 211 12.12 Schubert, String Quartet in G major (D.889), first movement, mm. 51-4 212 12.13 Piano Trio Schubert, in E-flat major (D.929), second movement, mm. 17-21 213 List of Music Examples xm

12.14 Schubert, Piano Trio in E-flat major (D.929), fourth movement,

mm. 819-31 214

12.15 Schubert, Octet (D.803), third movement, mm. 128-37 214 12.16 Schubert, Symphony no. 7 in E major (D.729), first movement, hypothetical alternative to m. 36ff. 215 12.17 Schubert, Symphony no. 7 in E major (D.729), first movement,

mm. 36-—41 215

12.18 Schubert, "Der Leiermann" from Winterreise (D.911), mm. 3-5 216 12.19 Schubert, Symphony in D major (D.936a, fragment), second movement, mm. 5-7 216

14.1 Schubert-Berio Rendering, first movement, figure 6 244 14.2 Schubert-Berio Rendering, second movement, contrapuntal exercises by Franz Schubert, dated November 1828 245 14.3 Schubert-Berio Rendering, second movement, first subject 246 14.4 Schubert-Berio Rendering, finale, rondo theme 246