Part 2: Appendices

Linkages Between Changes in Land Use, Land Degradation and Biodiversity in S.W. Uganda

Part 2: Appendices

The Land Use Change, Impacts and Dynamics Project Working Paper Number: 12

Derek Pomeroy (MUIENR) Joy Tukahirwa (Ecotrust) Samuel Mugisha (MUIENR) Robinah Nanyunja (MUIENR) Mary Namaganda (National Herbarium) Nathan Chelimo (MUIENR)

Makerere University Institute of Environment and Natural Resources P. O Box 7298 Kampala, Uganda

December 2003

Address Correspondence to: LUCID Project International Livestock Research Institute P.O. Box 30709 Nairobi, Kenya E-mail: [email protected] Tel. +254-2-630743 Fax. +254-2-631481/ 631499

APPENDIX 1. Plant records from the study areas compared to the list for Lake Mburo National Park (MUIENR 2002). Life forms (column LF) indicates single-stemmed trees (T), multi-stemmed shrubs (S) and herbs (H). Many of the herb species in cultivated areas are either crops (C) or weeds (W). Only those which were not recorded in LMNP - i.e., ones not local to the area - are indicated as weeds, with the exception of Bidens pilosa and the small shrub Solanum incanum which occur along park tracks.

LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Abildgaardia ovata H 1 1 Abutilon grandiflora S 1 Abutilon mauritianum S 1 1 Acacia albida T 1 Acacia gerrardii T 1 1 Acacia hockii T 1 1 Acacia kirkii T 1 Acacia polycantha T 1 Acacia sieberiana T 1 1 Acalypha benguelensis S 1 Acalypha bipartita S 1 1 Acalypha crenata H 1 Acalypha neptunica S 1 Achyranthes aspera H 1 1 1 1 1 1 Acroceras zizaniodes H 1 Aeolanthus repens H 1 Aerva lanata H 1 1 Aerva leucantha H 1 Aeschynomene abyssinica H 1 Aframomum angustifolium H 1 Ageratum conyzoides H 1 1 1 1 1 Albizia adianthifolia T 1 Albizia coriaria T 1 Albizia gummifera T 1 Albizia zygia T 1 Alchornea cordifolia T 1 Allophylus abyssinicus S 1 1 1 Allophylus pseudopaniculatus S 1 Alternanthera sessilis H 1 Alysicarpus glumaceus H 1 1 Amaranthus dubius H C 1 Amaranthus graecizans H C 1 Amaranthus hybridus H C 1 Ammocharis tinneana H 1 Ananas sativa H C 1 Andropogon canaliculatus H 1 1 Andropogon schirensis H 1 1 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 23 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Aningeria altissima T 1 Anthericum cameroni H 1 Anthericum subpetiolatum H 1 Apodytes dimidiata T 1 Arachis hypogea H C 1 Argomuellera macrophylla T 1 Aristida adoensis H 1 1 Asparagus africanus H 1 1 1 Asparagus falcatus H 1 Aspilia africana H 1 1 Asplenium abyssinica H 1 Asystasia gangetica H 1 1 1 1 1 Asystasia schimperi H 1 1 1 Balanites aegyptiaca T 1 Baphia multiflora T 1 Barkheya spekeana H 1 Barleria dentata H 1 Belonophora glomerata T 1 Bidens grantii H W 1 1 1 Bidens pilosa H W 1 1 1 1 1 Biophytum petersiana H 1 1 1 Blepharis linarifolia H 1 Bosqueia phoberos T 1 Boswellia neglecta T 1 Bothriochloa bladhii H 1 Bothriochloa insculpta H 1 1 Brachiaria brizantha H 1 1 1 Brachiaria comata H 1 1 Brachiaria decumbens H 1 1 1 1 1 Brachiaria jubata H 1 1 Brachiaria platynota H 1 Brachiaria scalaris H 1 Bulbostylis boeckeriana H 1 1 Caesalpinia decapetala S 1 1 Canthium lactescens S 1 Canthium vulgaris S 1 Capparis erythrocarpos S 1 Capparis fascicularis S 1 Capparis sepiaria S 1 Capparis tomentosa S 1 1 Carica papaya T C 1 1 Carissa edulis S 1 1 Casearia battiscombei T 1 Cassia bicapsularis S 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 24 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Cassia hildebrandtii H 1 Cassia mimosoides H 1 1 1 1 Celosia trigyna H 1 1 Centella asiatica H 1 Ceratophyllum demersum H 1 Chaetacme aristata S 1 Chloris gayana H 1 1 1 Chloris pycnothrix H 1 Chloris virgata H 1 1 1 Cissampelos mucronata H 1 1 1 Cissus quadrangularis H 1 1 Clausena anisata T 1 1 Clerodendrum rotundifolium S 1 Clutia abyssinica H 1 Coccinia grandis H 1 Coffea canephora S C 1 Coffea eugenioides S 1 Coleus comosus H 1 1 Combretum molle T 1 Combretum paniculatum T 1 Commelina africana H 1 1 1 1 1 1 Commelina arrecta H 1 1 1 Commelina benghalensis H 1 1 1 1 Commelina latifolia H 1 1 Commelina reptans H 1 1 Commicarpus plumbagineus H 1 Commiphora africana T 1 Conyza floribunda H 1 1 1 1 1 Cordia africana T 1 Crabbea velutina H 1 1 1 Craibia brownii T 1 Crassocephalum bojeri H 1 Crassocephalum crepidioides H 1 1 1 1 1 Crassocephalum gracile H 1 Craterostigma hirsutum H 1 1 Crotalaria cephalotes H 1 Crotalaria incana H 1 1 Crotalaria lanceolata H 1 Crotalaria linearifolia H 1 Crotalaria spinosa H 1 Croton macrostachyus T 1 Ctenium somalense H 1 1 Cyanotis caespitosa H 1 1 Cyanotis foecunda H 1 1 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 25 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Cyathula prostrata H 1 Cyathula uncinulata H 1 Cycnium tubulosum H 1 1 Cymbopogon nardus H 1 1 Cynodon dactylon H 1 1 1 1 1 Cynodon nlemfuensis H 1 Cyperus articulata H 1 1 Cyperus aureo-stramineus H 1 1 Cyperus brevifolius ssp brevifolius H 1 Cyperus dives H 1 Cyperus papyrus H 1 Cyperus rotundus H 1 1 Cyperus teneriffae H 1 Cyphostemma adenocaule H 1 1 Cyphostemma bambuseti H 1 1 Cyphostemma cyphopetalum H 1 1 Cyphostemma orondo H W 1 Desmodium canum H 1 Desmodium triflorum H 1 1 Desmodium velutinum H 1 Dichrostachys cinerea T 1 1 Dicliptera laxata H 1 Dicoma anomala H 1 Dichondra repens H 1 Dicrocephala integrifolia H 1 Digitaria abyssinica H 1 1 1 1 1 Digitaria diagonalis H 1 1 Digitaria longiflora H 1 1 1 Digitaria ternata H 1 1 1 1 1 Digitaria velutina H 1 1 1 1 1 Dodonaea angustifolia S 1 Dombeya burgessiae T 1 1 Dovyalis abyssinica T 1 Dovyalis macrocalyx T 1 Dovyalis engleri T 1 Drimia indica H 1 Drypetes gerrardii T 1 Dyschoriste radicans H 1 1 1 1 1 Echinochloa colona H 1 Echinoncloa pyramidalis H 1 Elephantopus scaber H 1 1 Eleusine africana H 1 1 Eleusine indica H 1 1 Enhydra flactuans H 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 26 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Eragrostis aspera H W 1 1 Eragrostis exasperata H 1 Eragrostis heteromera H 1 Eragrostis kiwuensis H 1 Eragrostis mildbraedii H 1 Eragrostis olivacea H 1 Eragrostis racemosa H 1 1 1 Eragrostis tenuifolia H 1 1 1 Eriosema chrysadenium H 1 Eriosema laurentii H 1 Eriosema shirense H 1 1 Erlangea marginata H 1 1 Erlangea tomentosa H W 1 Erucastrum arabicum H 1 1 1 Erythrina abyssinica T 1 1 Erythrococca bongensis H 1 1 Erythrococca fischeri H 1 Euclea divinorum S 1 1 Eugenia capensis T 1 Euphorbia candelabrum T 1 1 Euphorbia glomerifera H 1 Euphorbia heterophylla H W 1 1 Euphorbia hirta H W 1 1 Euphorbia inaequilatera H 1 1 1 1 Euphorbia prostrata H W 1 Evolvulus alsinoides H 1 Exotheca abyssinica H 1 1 Falkia obonga H 1 Ficus natalensis T C 1 Ficua trichopoda T 1 Fimbristylis complanata H 1 1 Flacourtia indica T 1 Flueggea virosa S 1 1 1 1 Galinsoga parviflora H 1 1 1 1 Gardenia jovis-tonantis S 1 Gardenia ternifolia T 1 Glycine wightii H 1 Glypheae brevis T 1 Gnaphalium declinatum H 1 Grewia mollis S 1 1 Grewia similis S 1 1 Gynura scandens H 1 1 Harpachne schimperi H 1 Harrisonia abyssinica T 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 27 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Helichrysum gerberifolium H 1 1 1 Heteropogon contortus H 1 Hewettia sublobata H 1 Hibiscus aponuera H 1 1 1 Hibiscus cannabinus S 1 Hibiscus diversifolius S 1 Hibiscus fuscus H 1 1 Hoslundia opposita S 1 Hydnora abyssinica H 1 Hygrophila auriculata H 1 1 1 1 Hyparrhenia bracteata H 1 1 Hyparrhenia diplandra H 1 Hyparrhenia filipendula H 1 1 1 1 1 Hyparrhenia rufa H 1 1 1 Hyperthelia disoluta H 1 Hypoestes verticilaris H 1 Hypoxis angustifolia H 1 Hypoxis obtusa H 1 Imperata cylindrica H 1 1 Indigofera arrecta H 1 1 1 Indigofera atriceps H 1 1 1 Indigofera circinella H 1 1 Indigofera spicata H 1 1 1 1 1 Indigofera spinosa H 1 Ipomoea batatas H 1 Ipomoea cairica H 1 1 Jasminum eminii S 1 Jasminum pauciflorum S 1 Justicia diclipteroides H 1 Justicia exigua H 1 Justicia flava H 1 1 1 Justicia uncinulata H 1 1 Klainedoxa gabonensis S 1 Kyllinga alba H 1 1 1 1 Kyllinga nemoralis H 1 Lactuca capensis H W 1 1 Laggera alata H 1 1 1 Lannea fulva T 1 Lannea schweinfurthii T 1 Lantana camara S 1 1 Lantana trifolia S 1 1 1 1 Leersia hexandra H 1 Leonotis nepetifolia H 1 1 Leptochloa rupestris H 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 28 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Leucas martinicensis H 1 1 1 1 1 Lippia abyssinica S 1 Lippia javanica S 1 Loudetia kagerensis H 1 1 1 1 Loudetia simplex H 1 1 Ludwigia stolonifera H 1 Lycopersicon esculenta H C 1 Maerua subcordata S 1 Mangifera indica T C 1 Manihot esculenta S C 1 1 Mariscus cyperoides H 1 1 1 Markhamia lutea T 1 1 Maytenus heterophylla S 1 1 Maytenus senegalensis S 1 1 Maytenus undata S 1 Melananthera scandens H 1 Melhania ovata H 1 Melinus repens H W 1 1 Microchloa kunthii H 1 1 Microglossa angolensis S 1 1 1 Mimosa pigra H 1 Momordica foetida H 1 Monechma subsessile H 1 1 1 Monodora myristica T 1 Monothecium glandulosum H 1 Mukia maderaspatana H 1 Murdania simplex H 1 Musa paradisiaca T C 1 1 1 Newtonia buchananii T 1 Ocimum basilicum H 1 Ocimum suave S 1 1 1 Oenanthe palustris T 1 Oldenlandia herbacea H 1 1 Oldenlandia pumila H 1 Olea africana T 1 1 Oncoba spinosa S 1 Orthosiphon australis H 1 1 1 Ouratea bukobensis S 1 Oxalis corniculata H 1 1 1 Oxalis latifolia H W 1 Oxygonum sinuatum H W 1 Pachystela brevipes T 1 Panicum atrosanguineum H 1 Panicum maximum H 1 1 1 1 1 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 29 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Panicum porphyrrhizos H 1 1 Panicum repens H 1 Panicum trichocladum H 1 1 1 Pappea capensis T 1 1 Paspalum scrobiculatum H 1 1 1 1 1 1 Paullinia pinnata S 1 1 Pentarrhinum insipidum H 1 Pentas longiflora H 1 Persea americana T C 1 Phaseolus vulgaris H C 1 1 Phoenix reclinata T 1 1 Phyllanthus discoidea S 1 Phyllanthus maderaspatensis H 1 Phyllanthus niururi H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Phyllanthus nummulariifolius H 1 Phyllanthus ovalifolius S 1 Physalis peruviana H 1 1 Piptadeniastrum africanum T 1 Pistacia aethiopica T 1 Pisum sativa H C 1 Platostoma africanum H 1 Plectranthus barbatus H 1 Plectranthus laxiflorus H 1 Pogononeura biflora H 1 Polygala erioptera H 1 Polygala polygoniflora H 1 1 1 1 Polygala sphenoptera H 1 1 Polygonum pulchrum H 1 Polygonum setosulum H 1 Portulacca oleracea H W 1 Priva cordifolia H 1 Pseudarthria hookeri H 1 Pseudospondias microcarpa T 1 Psychotria kirkii S 1 Psychotria megistosticta S 1 Psychotria punctata S 1 Psychotria succulenta S 1 Psydrax subcordata S 1 Pteridium aquilinum H 1 Pycnospora lutescens H 1 1 Rhus natalensis S 1 1 Rhus vulgaris S 1 Rhynchosia resinosa H 1 1 Rytyginia beniensis S 1 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 30 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Sansevieria nilotica H 1 Schyzachirium platyphyllum H 1 Scolopia rhamniphylla S 1 Scutia myrtina S 1 Senecio discifolius H W 1 Setaria homonyma H 1 1 1 1 Setaria sphacelata H 1 1 1 1 Sida arcuta S 1 1 Sida cordata S 1 Sida ovata S 1 Sida rhomboidea S 1 1 1 1 1 Smilax anceps H 1 Solanecio mannii T 1 Solanum anguivi S C 1 1 Solanum incanum S W 1 1 1 1 1 Solanum macrocarpon H 1 Solanum tuberosum H C 1 Sonchus oleraceus H 1 1 1 Sorghastrum stipoides H 1 Sorghum arundinaceum H C 1 Spermacoce longiflora H 1 1 1 1 Spermacoce pusilla H 1 Spilanthes mauritiana H 1 1 Sporobolus africanus H 1 Sporobolus festivus H 1 Sporobolus panicoides H 1 1 Sporobolus piliferus H 1 Sporobolus pyramidalis H 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sporobolus stapfianus H 1 1 1 1 Stephania abyssinica H 1 Strychnos aculeata T 1 Stylosanthes fruticosa H 1 1 Tagetes minuta H 1 1 1 1 1 Teclea nobilis T 1 Tephrosia linearis H 1 1 Tephrosia uniflora H 1 Teramnus labialis H 1 1 Teramnus repens H 1 Themeda triandra H 1 1 1 Thunbergia alata H 1 Trifolium baccarinii H 1 Triumfetta annuna S 1 1 1 1 1 1 Triumfetta macrophylla H 1 1 Uncaria africana S 1

LUCID Working Paper 12 31 LMNP Sango Bay area Lake Mburo area Rubaale

d d ion ion ion n n nd nd nd t t t a a a la la l l l s s s d d o o ltiva ltiva ltiva as as as SPECIES LF C/W Wo Gr Cu Wo Gr Cu Gr Cu Uncaria rubrostipulata S 1 Urena lobata S 1 Uvariopsis congensis T 1 Vangueria apiculata S 1 Vangueria madagascariensis T 1 Vernonia amygdalina S 1 Vernonia schweinfurthii H 1 1 1 1 Vernonia smithiana H 1 1 Vigna frutescens H 1 Vigna luteola H 1 1 Vigna membranacea H 1 Vigna parkeri H 1 Vigna unguiculata H 1 Viscum bagashawei H 1 Xymalos monospora S 1 Zaleya pentandra H 1 Zea mays H C 1 Ziziphus abyssinica T 1 Ziziphus mucronata T 1 Zornia pratensis H 1 1 1 Zornia setosa H 1 1 Totals 322 36 39 47 89 40 30 71 53

LUCID Working Paper 12 32

Appendix 2. Birds from 17 sites in the three study areas. Data are mean TSC scores for each site where a species was recorded. RD = Red Data species ; R-VU = Regionally vulnerable, R-RR = species of regional responsibility (Bennun & Njoroge 1996) The specialists are forest and forest-related species (FF/F/f) and waterbirds (W/w), both from Wilson (1995); G are grassland specialists (MUIENR, unpublished). A, P: Afrotropical, Palearctic migrants (see text)

SB AREA LMNP AREA RUBAALE

A T L A S

N SPECIES NAME Britton number RD

O Specialists S1 Phoenix savanna S2 Marabigambo grassland S3 Acacia woodland S4 Kyebe west cultivated S5 Kyebe East cultivated L1 Kigarama hills L2 Rwamuhuku hill L3 Sanga gate L4 Kiribwa valley L5 Rwonyo North L6 Kiribwa cultivated R1 Rwahi hill grassland R2 Rwahi terraced cultivated R3 Rwahi lower cultivated R4 Rwentobo hill grassland R5 Rwentobo lower grassland R6 Rwentobo cultivated 17 CATTLE EGRET Bubulcus ibis 32 G 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.2 1.6 2.6 26 BLACK-HEADED HERON Ardea melanocephala 27 w 0.7 1.0 1.3 2.3 0.1 0.3 28 HAMERKOP Scopus umbretta 42 w 0.5 0.1 30 OPEN-BILLED STORK Anastomus lamelligerus 43 Aw, G 0.3 32 ABDIM'S STORK Ciconia abdimii 44 A, G 0.1 0.3 0.1 39 HADADA Bostrychia hagedash 51 w 0.6 0.3 2.8 1 1.2 2.0 0.5 0.6 2.3 1.2 2.9 3.7 3.3 1.9 42 SACRED IBIS Threskiornis aethiopica 54 2.5 3.8 51 SPUR-WINGED GOOSE Plectopterus gambensis 79 W 0.3 57 YELLOW-BILLED DUCK Anas undulata 72 W 0.2 73 BLACK-SHOULDERED KITE Elanus caeruleus 142 G 1.8 75 BLACK KITE Milvus migrans 138 pA 0.3 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.6 1.3 0.7 76 FISH EAGLE Haliaeetus vocifer 137 W 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.5 88 BATELEUR Terathopius ecaudatus 101 G 0.1 90 HARRIER HAWK Polyboroides typus 96 R-VU f 0.1 0.5 93 AFRICAN MARSH HARRIER Circus ranivorus 95 W 0.3 0.4 0.1 94 EURASIAN MARSH HARRIER Circus aeruginosus 92 1.1 0.3 95 GABAR GOSHAWK Micronisus gabar 131 0.2 98 AFRICAN GOSHAWK Accipiter tachiro 111 0.2 114 AUGUR BUZZARD Buteo rufofuscus 120 0.3 119 AFRICAN HAWK EAGLE Hieraaetus spilogaster 128 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 122 LONG-CRESTED EAGLE Lophaetus occipitalis 130 f 0.2 0.1 132 GREY KESTREL Falco ardosiaceus 147 0.1 142 HELMETED GUINEAFOWL Numida meleagris 190 G 0.4 1.9 0.6 149 RED-WINGED FRANCOLIN Francolinus levaillantii 176 0.2 0.3 154 CRESTED FRANCOLIN Francolinus sephaena 182 0.4 1.0 155 SCALY FRANCOLIN Francolinus squamatus 184 F 0.2 161 RED-NECKED SPURFOWL Francolinus afer 167 0.4 1.6 2.1 178 BLACK CRAKE Amaurornis flavirostris 201 W 0.2 0.9 185 GREY-CROWNED CRANE Balearica regulorum 194 G 3.4 3.8 191 BLACK-BELLIED BUSTARD Eupodotis melanogaster 218 0.3 0.3 221 WATTLED PLOVER Vanellus senegallus 248 W 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 225 SENEGAL PLOVER Vanellus lugubris 246 A, G 0.5 248 WOOD-SANDPIPER Tringa glareola 256 0.3 0.3 268 GREEN PIGEON Treron calva 358 F 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 1.5 1.3 270 TAMBOURINE DOVE Turtur tympanistria 357 F 0.4 0.5 0.8 271 BLUE-SPOTTED WOOD DOVE Turtur afer 355 f 0.9 3.8 2.6 0.8 273 EMERALD-SPOTTED WOOD DOVE Turtur chalcospilos 356 F 2.2 0.7 1.5 4.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 281 SPECKLED PIGEON Columba guinea 341 0.2 283 RED-EYED DOVE Streptopelia semitorquata 350 f 1.3 2.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 2.7 3.0 3.0 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.4 4.0 286 RING-NECKED DOVE Streptopelia capicola 346 f 1.1 0.3 1.9 1.3 2.7 1.2 3.7 4.2 3.4 0.5 1.0 0.4 289 LAUGHING DOVE Streptopelia senegalensis 351 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.8 2.8 0.1 0.5 292 BROWN PARROT Poicephalus meyeri 367 0.2 1.8 2.0 1.1 1.4 296 GREAT BLUE TURACO Corythaeola cristata 372 F 0.6 302 ROSS'S TURACO Musophaga rossae 377 F 1.5 1.3 1.5 0.5 0.9 2.9 3.5 0.8 303 BARE-FACED GO-AWAY BIRD Corythaixoides personata 375 R-RR 0.5 0.2 1.3 1.6 1.1 305 EASTERN GREY PLANTAIN EATER Crinifer zonurus 376 3.4 0.5 2.2 0.7 0.3 1.0 1.2 0.4 307 LEVAILLANT'S CUCKOO Oxylophus levaillantii 394 Af 0.1 0.3 1.0 2.4 0.6 0.3 309 RED-CHESTED CUCKOO Cuculus solitarius 399 AF 1.8 0.9 0.7 2.0 0.9 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.8 310 BLACK CUCKOO Cuculus clamosus 396 Af/FF 0.4 312 AFRICAN CUCKOO Cuculus gularis 397 A 0.1 319 KLAAS' CUCKOO Chrysococcyx klaas 391 f 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.8 320 DIDRIC CUCKOO Chrysococcyx caprius 388 0.5 3.0 1.6 0.8 323 WHITE-BROWED COUCAL Centropus superciliosus 406 2.3 0.5 2.5 2.2 1.0 3.6 2.6 1.6 4.2 1.5 0.9 0.6 2.7 326 BLUE-HEADED COUCAL Centropus monachus 404 w 0.5 358 PALM SWIFT Cypsiurus parvus 452 0.4 362 EURASIAN SWIFT Apus apus 444 P 0.4 365 LITTLE SWIFT Apus affinis 443 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.5 368 BLUE-NAPED MOUSEBIRD Urocolius macrourus 461 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.3 3.8 0.2 3.2 369 SPECKLED MOUSEBIRD Colius striatus 459 3.1 1.7 1.6 4.3 2.5 2.6 1.3 2.8 3.6 3.5 3.1 375 WOODLAND KINGFISHER Halcyon senegalensis 475 A 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.3 0.9 376 STRIPED KINGFISHER Halcyon chelicuti 472 0.3 3.0 1.0

LUCID Working Paper 12 33

378 PYGMY KINGFISHER Ceyx picta 478 fw 0.7 0.2 380 MALACHITE KINGFISHER Corythornis cristata 466 W 0.2 385 LITTLE BEE-EATER Merops pusillus 491 G 2.0 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.2 0.5 386 BLUE-BREASTED BEE-EATER Merops variegatus 494 w 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.4 390 WHITE-THROATED BEE-EATER Merops albicollis 479 Af 0.4 393 MADAGASCAR BEE-EATER Merops superciliosus 493 A 2.1 0.7 0.2 399 LILAC-BREASTED ROLLER Coracias caudata 496 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.3 401 BROAD-BILLED ROLLER Eurystomus glaucurus 500 Afw 0.4 0.5 0.2 2.8 404 GREEN WOOD HOOPOE Phoeniculus purpureus 508 406 BLACK WOOD HOOPOE Phoeniculus aterrimus 505 1.0 0.5 419 CROWNED HORNBILL Tockus alboterminatus 515 f 0.9 1.0 420 GREY HORNBILL Tockus nasutus 524 0.1 4.6 1.5 0.4 0.3 422 BLACK AND WHITE CASQUED HORNBILL Ceratogymna subcylindricus 513 F 0.9 0.4 0.6 3.3 2.1 433 YELLOW-FRONTED TINKERBIRD Pogoniulus subsulphureus 549 f 0.3 431 YELLOW-RUMPED TINKERBIRD Pogoniulus bilineatus 548 F 2.3 2.5 1.5 0.9 2.9 1.4 0.2 4.0 437 SPOTTED-FLANKED BARBET Tricholaema lachrymosa 539 R-RR 0.5 1.8 2.3 1.3 0.5 443 DOUBLE-TOOTHED BARBET Lybius bidentatus 534 f 0.6 0.4 0.1 1.5 465 NUBIAN WOODPECKER Campethera nubica 583 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 473 CARDINAL WOODPECKER Dendropicos fuscescens 585 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 474 BEARDED WOODPECKER Dendropicos namaquus 594 f 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 477 GREY WOODPECKER Dendropicos goertae 590 f 0.5 0.3 0.3 487 RUFOUS-NAPED LARK Mirafra africana 612 0.5 1.8 0.8 2.4 3.8 3.2 0.4 489 FLAPPET LARK Mirafra rufocinnamomea 621 G 0.9 1.8 2.8 0.5 498 WHITE-HEADED ROUGHWING Psalidoprocne albiceps 639 f 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 500 SAND MARTIN Riparia riparia 643 PW 0.2 0.3 504 MOSQUE SWALLOW Hirundo senegalensis 636 0.5 0.5 505 STRIPED SWALLOW Hirundo abyssinica 624 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.5 512 ANGOLA SWALLOW Hirundo angolensis 627 w 2.3 1.5 1.6 3.4 1.7 1.1 0.7 0.3 2.1 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.8 513 EURASIAN SWALLOW Hirundo rustica 634 Pw 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 515 YELLOW WAGTAIL Motacilla flava 996 Pw, G 1.3 1.8 0.5 0.2 0.5 3.4 0.5 4.6 2.7 0.4 520 AFRICAN PIED WAGTAIL Motacilla aguimp 991 w 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.9 2.2 1.7 1.2 0.8 522 RICHARD'S PIPIT Anthus novaeseelandiae 981 G 0.2 0.8 2.8 0.4 4.8 3.2 0.3 529 YELLOW-THROATED LONGCLAW Macronyx croceus 988 G 4.5 4.2 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.4 0.4 1.8 0.5 0.1 3.1 2.5 0.5 538 LITTLE GREENBUL Andropadus virens 705 F 1.9 0.5 541 SLENDER-BILLED GREENBUL Andropadus gracilirostris 698 FF 0.1 542 YELLOW-WHISKERED GREENBUL Andropadus latirostris 701 F 0.5 547 YELLOW-THROATED LEAFLOVE Chlorocichla flavicollis 709 f 0.5 562 COMMON BULBUL Pycnonotus barbatus 732 f 4.1 0.9 3.8 4.8 4.0 2.8 4.6 2.5 1.8 4.9 3.8 3.6 2.9 3.2 0.3 5.2 576 WHITE-BROWED ROBIN CHAT Cossypha heuglini 751 f 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 2.6 1.6 1.0 1.3 2.1 2.7 0.1 0.3 3.0 588 BROWN-BACKED SCRUB ROBIN Cercotrichas hartlaubi 743 f 0.7 592 STONECHAT Saxicola torquata 784 4.3 3.4 1.0 0.4 0.3 1.9 1.3 0.5 593 WHINCHAT Saxicola rubetra 783 P 0.5 1.6 1.8 0.6 599 RED-TAILED CHAT Cercomela familiaris 738 0.3 2.7 0.9 0.4 601 SOOTY CHAT Myrmecocichla nigra 771 0.1 0.8 1.4 1.9 612 AFRICAN THRUSH Turdus pelios 801 f 1.3 0.5 2.8 2.4 0.9 0.5 1.3 3.7 0.6 2.2 0.4 3.2 621 MOUSTACHED WARBLER Melocichla mentalis 915 1.5 0.9 1.2 0.4 0.1 632 YELLOW WARBLER Chloropeta natalensis 843 w 0.1 635 OLIVACEOUS WARBLER Hippolais pallida 888 P 0.9 0.4 638 RED-FACED CISTICOLA Cisticola erythrops 857 w 2.8 2.0 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.7 0.9 1.3 2.5 2.8 4.0 641 TRILLING CISTICOLA Cisticola woosnami 873 0.5 0.4 4.1 4.2 4.4 3.9 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.3 642 CHUBB'S CISTICOLA Cisticola chubbi 855 Fw 1.9 645 RATTLING CISTICOLA Cisticola chiniana 854 0.4 0.5 647 WINDING CISTICOLA Cisticola galactotes 860 w 2.3 1.4 0.3 0.4 649 STOUT CISTICOLA Cisticola robustus 869 0.4 650 CROAKING CISTICOLA Cisticola natalensis 866 G 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.2 652 SIFFLING CISTICOLA Cisticola brachypterus 850 0.4 658 TAWNY-FLANKED PRINIA Prinia subflava 913 fw 2.0 0.9 0.5 2.1 1.8 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.9 2.5 0.4 1.9 0.6 0.2 0.4 4.1 662 WHITE-CHINNED PRINIA Schistolais leucopogon 911 F 0.5 664 BUFF-BELLIED WARBLER Phyllolais pulchella 902 f 0.1 0.4 0.4 667 YELLOW-BREASTED APALIS Apalis flavida 818 f 0.4 0.1 677 GREY-BACKED CAMAROPTERA Camaroptera brachyura 837 f 1.5 5.4 0.6 3.3 4.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.5 0.5 691 RED-FACED CROMBEC Sylvietta whytii 925 f 0.1 695 WILLOW WARBLER Phylloscopus trochilus 908 Pf 0.1 0.6 0.3 701 GREY-CAPPED WARBLER Eminia lepida 875 R-RR P 1.4 1.0 2.1 0.3 703 GARDEN WARBLER Sylvia borin 918 Pf 0.3 717 SPOTTED FLYCATCHER Muscicapa striata 945 P 0.2 0.9 0.2 719 ASHY FLYCATCHER Muscicapa caerulescens 938 F 0.4 0.5 0.5

LUCID Working Paper 12 34 720 SWAMP FLYCATCHER Muscicapa aquatica 937 W 0.5 723 DUSKY FLYCATCHER Muscicapa adusta 936 F 0.5 728 LEAD-COLOURED FLYCATCHER Myioparus plumbeus 946 f 0.6 0.5 732 BLUE FLYCATCHER Elminia longicauda 963 f 0.6 0.3 739 PARADISE FLYCATCHER Terpsiphone viridis 968 f 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.3 742 BLACK AND WHITE FLYCATCHER Bias musicus 955 f 1.8 746 WATTLE-EYE Platysteira cyanea 960 f 2.3 0.3 2.7 1.0 749 CHIN-SPOT BATIS Batis molitor 951 f 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.1 751 BLACK-HEADED BATIS Batis minor 949 f 0.5 764 BLACK-LORED BABBLER Turdoides melanops 683 R-RR 5.3 0.9 0.3 0.5 1.8 1.2 2.2 0.7 0.3 771 BLACK TIT Parus leucomelas 666 f 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.5 781 GREEN-HEADED SUNBIRD Cyanomitra verticalis 1130 F 0.5 0.3 787 SCARLET-CHESTED SUNBIRD Chalcomitra senegalensis 1122 f 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.7 0.2 1.5 3.0 0.2 0.8 0.6 790 BRONZE SUNBIRD Nectarinia kilimensis 1103 f 0.3 0.5 0.3 4.2 3.1 0.5 794 COLLARED SUNBIRD Hedydipna collaris 1080 F 0.5 0.1 0.7 796 OLIVE-BELLIED SUNBIRD Cinnyris chloropygia 1094 F 0.6 802 MARIQUA SUNBIRD Cinnyris mariquensis 1107 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.5 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.2 1.6 1.2 0.5 2.0 808 VARIABLE SUNBIRD Cinnyris venusta 1128 f 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.5 0.5 4.0 0.6 0.5 810 COPPER SUNBIRD Cinnyris cuprea 1096 fw 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.3 811 YELLOW WHITE EYE Zosterops senegalensis 1133 f 0.3 812 FISCAL Lanius collaris 1029 G 2.0 0.1 0.8 2.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.1 3.3 3.2 0.9 2.0 1.1 3.2 815 GREY-BACKED FISCAL Lanius excubitoroides 1032 Afw 2.0 1.5 2.5 2.2 0.5 3.5 4.1 0.4 1.9 0.6 1.9 1.9 818 RED-BACKED SHRIKE Lanius collurio 1030 P 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.8 828 SULPHUR-BREASTED BUSH SHRIKE Malaconotus sulfureopectus 1019 f 1.2 0.5 0.5 2.3 1.2 0.9 831 BROWN-HEADED TCHAGRA Tchagra australis 1022 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 833 BLACK-HEADED TCHAGRA Tchagra senegala 1025 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.5 841 TROPICAL BOUBOU Laniarius ferrugineus 1004 f 0.8 3.8 1.8 0.4 1.8 4.2 2.3 4.1 0.9 0.5 0.5 843 BLACK-HEADED GONOLEK Laniarius barbarus 1003 f 4.1 1.4 1.3 4.6 2.9 2.3 0.3 850 BLACK-HEADED ORIOLE Oriolus larvatus 649 f 0.2 0.3 1.9 3.8 0.4 853 DRONGO Dicrurus adsimilis 644 f/F 0.3 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.8 1.0 855 PIED CROW Corvus albus 654 2.3 3.3 4.3 3.0 3.4 1.6 857 WHITE-NECKED RAVEN Corvus albicollis 653 1.1 869 BLUE-EARED GLOSSY STARLING Lamprotornis chalybaeus 1055 0.5 0.2 871 SPLENDID GLOSSY STARLING Lamprotornis splendidus 1061 F 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.3 1.5 872 RUPPELL'S LONG-TAILED GLOSSY STARLING Lamprotornis purpuropter1060 3.9 0.5 1.8 1.4 0.9 1.6 4.0 5.7 5.4 4.1 1.0 876 VIOLET-BACKED STARLING Cinnyricinclus leucogaster 1048 Af 0.3 1.6 881 GREY-HEADED SPARROW Passer griseus 1206 0.2 2.6 3.8 0.3 1.7 1.7 4.3 0.6 2.1 893 BAGLAFECHT WEAVER Ploceus baglafecht 1159 f 0.3 1.1 1.8 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.2 3.5 4.3 4.1 0.2 2.3 894 SLENDER-BILLED WEAVER Ploceus pelzelni 1179 fW 0.1 1.4 896 BLACK-NECKED WEAVER Ploceus nigricollis 1176 f 0.3 0.6 897 SPECTACLED WEAVER Ploceus ocularis 1177 f 0.8 1.0 900 HOLUB'S GOLDEN WEAVER Ploceus xanthops 1189 w 0.5 1.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 907 VIEILLOT'S BLACK WEAVER Ploceus nigerrimus 1175 f 0.6 0.1 1.0 1.7 1.5 908 BLACK-HEADED WEAVER Ploceus cucullatus 1165 0.5 0.8 0.4 2.5 2.4 0.2 0.9 3.0 3.5 2.8 0.2 0.3 4.6 909 WEYNS' WEAVER Ploceus weynsi 1188 R-VU F 0.2 915 COMPACT WEAVER Ploceus superciliosus 1184 fw 0.3 923 CARDINAL QUELEA Quelea cardinalis 1191 0.4 0.5 924 RED-HEADED QUELEA Quelea erythrops 1192 0.5 925 RED-BILLED QUELEA Quelea quelea 1193 A 0.3 0.1 2.1 0.9 1.8 0.2 0.7 929 SOUTHERN RED BISHOP Euplectes orix 1150 G 0.7 0.5 1.3 1.9 3.5 2.7 931 YELLOW BISHOP Euplectes capensis 1141 G 2.1 0.2 2.0 0.5 932 FAN-TAILED WIDOWBIRD Euplectes axillaris 1140 w 5.2 4.9 0.2 1.3 0.3 1.6 2.5 933 YELLOW-MANTLED WIDOWBIRD Euplectes macrourus 1148 G 0.8 934 WHITE-WINGED WIDOWBIRD Euplectes albonotatus 1138 G 0.5 0.4 937 GROSBEAK WEAVER Amblyospiza albifrons 1134 fW 0.1 959 RED-BILLED FIREFINCH Lagonosticta senegala 1241 0.8 1.2 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 3.8 3.6 966 FAWN-BREASTED WAXBILL Estrilda paludicola 1231 0.1 967 CRIMSON-RUMPED WAXBILL Estrilda rhodopyga 1233 0.5 969 WAXBILL Estrilda astrild 1226 w, G 2.5 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 970 BLACK-CROWNED WAXBILL Estrilda nonnula 1230 f 0.5 0.6 3.3 2.0 971 BLACK-HEADED WAXBILL Estrilda atricapilla 1227 F 0.4 0.6 0.6 972 BLACK-FACED WAXBILL Estrilda erythronotus 1228 0.3 0.3 974 RED-CHEEKED CORDON-BLEU Uraeginthus bengalus 1261 0.6 1.0 0.5 978 BLACK-CHINNED QUAILFINCH Ortygospiza gabonensis 1250 w, G 0.4 0.6 980 BRONZE MANNIKIN Lonchura cucullata 1266 0.4 0.3 0.4 3.7 2.8 1.6 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.8 3.1 4.9 0.2 0.2 1.4 981 BLACK AND WHITE MANNIKIN Lonchura bicolor 1265 f 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.9 1.1 985 PIN-TAILED WHYDAH Vidua macroura 1216 G 1.7 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.7 991 AFRICAN CITRIL Serinus citrinelloides 1283 f 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 994 YELLOW-RUMPED SEED-EATER Serinus atrogularis 1280 0.4 0.8 995 YELLOW-FRONTED CANARY Serinus mozambicus 1290 0.4 1.9 1.2 1.8 1.1 0.3 1.5 1.7 0.9 0.6 0.2 1.5 997 BRIMSTONE CANARY Serinus sulphuratus 1293 0.2 1.0 2.0 1003 CINNAMON-BREASTED ROCK BUNTING Emberiza tahapisi 1278 2.3 0.8 1.0 1005 GOLDEN-BREASTED BUNTING Emberiza flaviventris 1273 0.5 1.5 0.2

Forest and tree species FF 001 00000000000000 F 421495167663143110 f 25 12 34 20 21 13 19 21 25 24 17 11 18 14 10 6 17 Grassland species G 694 5367762471078108 Migrants A 245 21377693232331 P 446 21420050121333

Specialist species Red Data species R-VU 001 00010000000100

LUCID Working Paper 12 35