MANDI BAHAUDDIN

[Type text]

SITUATION ANALYSIS REPORT FOR INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ISWM) IN MANDI BAHAUDDIN PASRUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objective ………………………………………………….. 1 1.2 Background ………………………………………………. 1 1.3 Scope of the Assignment .………………………………. 2 1.4 Approach & Methodology ………………………………... 2

2.0 General Description of City 2.1 Location …………………………………………..………... 4 2.2 General Information …………………………………..…... 4 2.3 Population …………………………………..…...... 4

3.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS 3.1 Solid Waste Generation ………………………………….. 6 3.2 Primary Collection ………………………………………… 7 3.3 Secondary Collection …………………………………….. 8 3.4 Final Disposal ……………………………………………… 9 3.5 Safety and Environment ………………………………….. 10 3.6 Operation & Maintenance.……………………………….. 11 3.7 Financial Analysis ………………………………………….. 12 3.8 Human Resource Development …………………………… 13 3.9 Citizen Complaints Registration & Resolution …………… 15 3.10 General Public Opinion …………………………………….. 16

4.0 RECOMMENDATIONAS & WAY FORWARD ………………………….. 18

ANNEXURE - I ANNEXURE – II SWM GIS Map

2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – INTRODUCTION

Chief Minister , Mian Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif is very conscious about the proper solid waste management system and is keen to see "Litter Free Punjab" in the forthcoming years. In this connection, the Government of Punjab is going to implement a solid waste management initiative in certain group of TMAs. The Purpose of this initiative is to develop effective solid waste management plans for TMAs which have adequate machinery to a certain extent. In the regard, it has been decided to gather the information regarding resource availability with TMAs for conducting detailed situation analysis in solid waste management sector.

1.2 Background

Solid Waste Management is a major environment and health hazard in the urban areas of . Cities economies are fast growing, business activity and consumption patterns are driving up solid waste quantities. In Pakistan the collection of waste is sporadic and the disposal is poor. Despite the fact that solid waste services represent the single largest expenditure item, less than 50 percent of the waste generated is collected; and is mostly disposed at dumpsites or roadsides. Additionally, recent history has shown that lifestyle is changing at a brisk pace in the city. Due to changing lifestyles and consumption habits, SWM has been increasingly recognized as one of the major environmental issue in the city.

The rapid growth of many small to medium sized towns in Punjab is causing unprecedented deterioration in the ecosystem. It is also placing enormous pressure on the capacity of these towns to provide adequate Solid Waste Management (SWM) services for their increasing populations. Chief Ministers Chief Minister's Special Initiative on Solid Waste Management is an initiative that seeks to address SWM challenges of these towns. The objectives of the exercise is to address SWM investments in these urban centers and build institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of SWM services to reduce the environmental impact of urbanization. The initiative has a number of components including solid waste management (SWM) which seeks to minimize negative environmental and health impacts associated with poor solid waste management. The strategy is to provide 1) sustainable solid waste management system/interventions for each focal town, capable of collecting, transporting, treating and safely dispose what ultimately remains as waste 2) Capacity Building and Training component which seeks to ensure effective delivery of capital investment and long term.

1 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 1.3 Scope of the Assignment

The overarching objective of the project is to assist the cities in implementing a solid waste management intervention by developing a coherent model ISWM system in a medium-sized city, but replicable in the other cities of Pakistan. Capacity building is a second key objective that will help the provincial and local governments to move away from the present ad-hoc investments to strategic and sustainable development of their SWM sector in Pakistan.

The report includes a Situation analysis of the current situation of the city’s SWM system approaching it from technical, institutional, and finance perspectives, identifying economic, social, environmental, and governance issues and opportunities. The opportunity for private provision of SWM services is identified in the report and will be covered in more detail in the blueprint. A detailed gap analysis follows from the analysis. Finally, an action plan is suggested on two levels i,e short term 6 months and for next one year.

1.4 Approach & Methodology

PMDFC developed a proactive approach to develop the SWM Action Plans under the guidance of Local Government & Community Development Department (LG & CCD). Detailed brain storming sessions were held between them and consensus was evolved to undertake the rapid assessment of solid waste management of 63 TMAs. These 63 TMAs were selected from 105 TMAs excluding City District Government (CDGs). Those TMAs were selected that have adequate number of SWM collection machinery. A team of surveyors who were recently trained by Urban Unit, P&D Department were briefed by PMDFC officials and in data collection workshop held in Local Government Board office.

In the field secondary agency data was collected from TMAs by the surveyor about TMA institution, human resource, machinery, SWM primary Collection, Secondary Collection, Final disposal sites, Financials, parking areas etc on prescribed data collection formats developed by PMDFC. Qualitative information along with pictures was also collected in detail about quality of SWM service provided at each solid waste step. In addition, citizen response and public perception about TMA service was also gauged. Field SWM data was collected by surveyors and sent back to PMDFC. After field data collection exercise data was cleaned arranged and analyzed by PMDFC. GIS maps were developed for analysis. Main approach was identifying existing capacity of cities,

2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN identifying gaps and develops recommendations. Following process was adopted in this assignment:

Flow Chart

Mandi Bahauddin – Situation Analysis (Solid Waste Management)

Chief Minister’s Special Initiative on Solid Waste Management

Consultations/discussions between LG&CDD and PMDFC

Decision about devising

Action Plans for SWM in cities

Situation Analysis

Development Training Analysis of of Data Data cleaning Development workshop of different of coverage Collection and analysis surveyors components Maps Formats

SWM Situation Analysis Reports

Way Forward: Implementation of recommendation devised on the basis of city Situation Analysis

3 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CITY

2.1 Location

Mandi Bahauddin is located in the central portion of Chaj Doab lying between the and Chenab Rivers. It lies between 30-8 to 32-40 latitudes and 73-36 to 73-37 east longitudes. Mandi Bahauddin is 204 meters above sea level and is situated in upper Punjab, and is 50 km away from the M2-Motorway.

2.2 General Information

In 1506 C.E. Hazrat Bahauddin a Sufi Darvesh established a settlement namely in the north-eastern corner of the region known as "Gondal Bar", after his immigration from Pindi Shah Jahanian to this area. The settlement soon became a center of intense commercial activity, hence named afterwards by the merchants as "Mandi Bahauddin", the Market of Bahauddin. The word "Mandi" implies "marketplace". The proto-city was later on fortified with 9 main doorways to guard against foreign invasions. The wall intact today was completed in 1946.

Mandi Bahauddin was raised to the level of Municipal Committee in 1941. After the implementation of Punjab Local Government Ordinance 2001, it was given the status of TMA.

Mong is an old historic place. It was prolific in coins particularly small copper coins of later Indo- Greek King, Azas and the Great (nameless) Saviour King of Kings. Mong and Rasul are also identified as towns of Nikoa Built by Alexander upon the field of his celebrated encounter with Raja after forcing the passage of Jhelum. Mangat is also an old place. There is a mosque said to be some 700 years old. A very old Sikh Gurdwara also exists in the town.

2.3 Population

The Mandi Bahauddin has population growth rate of 4.8 % as per 1998 Population Census, which is quiet similar to the provincial average. The population of Town was 99,496 individuals in 1998,

4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN and is currently estimated at 201,013 individuals. Given the population growth rate and using 1998 as the base year for arithmetic growth method estimation, the population of town is likely to increase to 513,394 individuals in 20 years from now (year 2033).

Town's Population Projection

YEAR 1998 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033 POPULATION 99,496 201,013 254,116 321,246 406,110 513,394

600000

500000 513,394

400000 406,110 Year 300000 321,246 Projected Population

254,116 200000 201,013

100000

0 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033

Projected Population

5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – SITUATION ANALYSIS

3.1 Solid Waste Generation

Given current estimated population parameters and national per capita solid waste standards, Mandi Bahauddin currently generates about 80.41 tons of municipal solid waste daily, and is estimated to have a yearly volume of 29350 tons. In absence of a proper solid waste management system and data non availability, such estimates and calculations are based upon current population X 0.4 kg/capita/day solid waste produced. Solid waste generation in Pakistan ranges between 0.283 to 0.612 kg/capita/day (http://epd.punjab.gov.pk/?q=solid_waste), therefore waste generation for Mandi Bahauddin is assumed around 0.4 kg/capita/day.

Due to its population growth and increase in its economic activity, Mandi Bahauddin’s daily generation is destined to accelerate to Current Per capita waste about 146.92 tons per day (53626 tons per year) by 2023 using generation is 0.4 kg per 0.457 kg/capita/day, and then to about 272.50 tons daily (99463 capital, which is likely to increase by 1.5% every year. tons per year) by 2033 using 0.531 kg/capita/day as shown in The future estimations and graph. This is a massive amount of municipal waste for Mandi projections are based on a Bahauddin. In future this may prove catastrophic, until a plan is compound method. devised and implemented at the earliest to cater for this waste.

YEAR 2013 2018 2023 2028 2033

Waste Generation/day 80.41 tons 107.88 tons 146.92 tons 200.09 tons 272.50 tons

Waste Generation/ day

300

250

200

150 Waste generation/ day

100

50

0 2010 2020 2030 2040

6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.2 Primary Collection

The primary collection is accomplished by sanitary workers those carry out sweeping of streets and roads and collect the solid waste from small heaps with the help of brooms, wheel barrows etc. and store at permanent and temporary collection points. Hundred (100) percent of localities in Mandi Bahauddin are fully served. Eighty (80) percent roads in the city are being manually swept daily. As per standards there should be 252 sanitary workers but TMA Mandi Bahauddin has insufficient sanitary workers i.e. 185. There are only 50 hand carts (out of them 25 are out of order) which are not sufficient for present sanitary workers as per waste generation. Sanitary workers were not wearing safety equipment. No private sector was involved in primary collection.

Primary Collection - Situation Analysis Matrix Target Indicators Existing Situation Gap June, 2014 June, 2015 Door-to-door None 100% Initiate in one UC Expand it to 50 % of city Primary SWM 100 % Fully served - - - Coverage* each day in localities Primary collection 50 hand carts( 25 out of 50 hand carts to Procure 50 hand Procure hand carts equipment order) increase primary SWM carts as per requirement coverage Primary SWM 80 % Roads are Less mechanical 40 % of main roads 60 % of roads Coverage** each manually swept daily. sweeping is being done mechanically swept, Mechaically swept day in Roads 20% Roads are Develop Plan for mechanically swept Mechanical sweeping Primary Soliod 185 Sanitary workers 252 sanitary workers Hire 67 sanitary Waste Collection (45 regular, 140 daily are required as per workers. Develop and Staff*** wages) standard* implement human resourse deployment plan on GIS map Private Sector Not Avaliable No Private sector Initiate a pilot in one Expand it to 50 % Primary involvement in Primary UC of city Collection Collection * Coverage means TMA sanitary staff are sweeping& collecting waste from these areas daily (fully served), Partial Coverage means areas being served occasionally and not covered means these areas don’t have any service (Shown in GIS Map) ** Road Coverage means percentage of roads TMA sanitary staff are sweeping daily (Shown in GIS Map) *** 1 sanitary work er for 800 consumers (Outsourcing of Solid Waste Mangement in Sialk ot City - Urban Unit). There are 185 sanitary work ers out of them 140 are on Daily Wages in Mandi Bahauddin. 100 sanitary work ers are .

7 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.3 Secondary Collection The secondary collection is accomplished through Five (5) Tractors and 6 trolleys. Secondary collection machinery is not sufficient for Mandi Bahauddin. (see Annex -1). Mandi Bahauddin has open heaps scattered all over city and their locations keep on changing. Collection from many of these collection points is being done on daily basis. Collection efficiency is 63 % which is low. TMA also has to collect wastes from debris-demolition of building structures; Hospital wastes; Slaughter Houses wastes; Vegetable market; Dead animals etc. and those are mixed with municipal waste. Exact data of scavenging and for other hazardous wastes is not available with TMA.

Secondary Collection - Situation Analysis Matrix Target Indicators Existing Situation Gap June, 2014 June, 2015 Collection 63 %* 37% 75 % Collection 85 % Collection Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Secondary 18 open steel Need 10 covered steel Procure 10 covered Procure covered Collection containers containers containers of 5m3 containers as per Points size need

Secondary 5 Tractors, 6 Trolleys, 3 None Procure or replace 1 Procure covered collection mechanized loaders(1 mechanized loaders garbage machinery out of order), 1 compactors, mechanical sweeper, 1 Procure 13m3 and tractor blade, 4 water 7m3 Garbage boozers, 2 container Compactors for carriers** planned and unplanned areas. Waste transporte d in Cover all transport covered Don’t have covered Need temporary covers vehicles with vehicles Transportaion vehicles for transport vahicles temporary covers Slaughter Mixed with municipal Need to segregate and Segregate slaughter Plan for regional house/Hos waste dispose these wastes house and hospistal hospital and pital/Hazar from municipal waste waste and dispose hazardous waste dous thm separately. collection and waste disposal mechanism Private Not Avaliable No Private sector Initiate a pilot in one Private secondary Sector involvement in UC waste collection in involved in Secondary Collection 50 % of city Secondary Collection

* Data Provided by TMA Mandi Bahauddin ** Machinery Details in Annex-1

8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.4 Final Disposal

In Mandi Bahauddin the disposal of solid waste is mainly done in the form of open dumping near village Kandhan Wala in vicinity of the city (See GIS Map). This open dumping is creating total in- sanitary & unhygienic conditions, degrading the environment of the town, emitting obnoxious smells and providing breeding for mosquitoes and flies. Citizens complain about this dumping but presently, TMA has no other option for final disposal. Options for final disposal including composting for organic materials, regional based incinerators or regional land filling options must be explored.

9 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.5 Social & Safety Safeguards

As shown in below matrix TMA Mandi Bahauddin doesn’t follow any of the recommended social & safety procedures. Also, no periodic medical check-ups are available to sanitary staff.

Social & Safety -Situation Analysis Matrix

Sr. No. Social & Safety Measures Yes No

Only 1. Sanitary workers wearing protective clothes, boots, and gloves? Jackets Safety Gloves, masks, safety boots for primary collection being  2. followed?

Any arrangement for collection of domestic chemical waste and waste  3. with high heavy metal content, such as batteries, broken thermometers, and infectious and other toxic health care wastes.

At waste disposal sites, facemasks or simple scarves wrapped around  4. the face are being used?  5. Access to showers and cleaning facilities after their work shift?

6. Immunizing against tetanus and hepatitis B. 

 7. Periodic medical examinations or screening for sanitary workers?

 8. Any training for safety received through TMA?

10 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.6 Operations & Maintenance

SWM machinery is being parked at TMA office having an area of about 4 Kanal near Thana Road. It is an insufficient area and doesn’t have proper garage or shades for the machinery. TMA Mandi Bahauddin doesn’t have a workshop for its machinery. They repair the machinery from any local contractor not registered with TMA. Machinery is repaired through ad-hoc basis and on demand from local contractor. This results in delay in repairs and loss in efficiency.

Operation & Maintenance - Situation Analysis Matrix

Sr. # Standards Situation Analysis

TMA doesn’t have a Workshop

Yes NO Local Contractor (Registered with TMA/Not 1. Registered) 

Yes NO 2. Agreement with Local Contractor? 

Yes NO 3.  Piece-meal arrangement?

11 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.7 Financial Analysis

Last three years and current budgetary allocations depicts that TMA Mandi Bahauddin did not commit any expenditure on development Rs. in Million projects and total budget consists of non Development Non Development development heads only. Moreover, it is also noted that major chunk of this non 56.36 development outlay is on establishment 32.64 head only. Effective O&M framework 22.96 22.89 needs to be developed to utilize the POL and R&M allocations efficiently. 0 0 0 0

The detail of expenditures sector wise is 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 given as under:

*Expenditure SWM (Rs. In Millions) Actual Actual Actual 2012-13 Budgeted Sub-Head 2010-11 2011-12 (Million) 2013-14 (Million) (Million) (Million) 18.80 18.11 25.10 40.35 Establishment 2.17 3.29 4.52 6.00 POL

Repair & Maintenance 0.77 0.33 1.044 1.03

Others/Miscellaneous 1.22 1.16 1.98 8.98

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Development 22.96 22.89 32.64 56.36 Total * Data Provided by Finance Section – TMA Mandi Bahauddin

Establishment POL Repair & Maintenance Others/Miscellaneous

82% 79% 77% 71%

14% 11% 10% 14% 16% 6% 5% 5% 2% 3% 2% 3%

2010 -11 2011 -12 2012 -13 2013 -14

12 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.8 Human Resource Development

TMA Mandi Bahauddin is facing severe problem in collection and dumping of Solid Waste. Due to rapid increase in the population of the city in the coming years will also generate more solid waste which needs to be cater with proper human resource planning and other capital resources. TMA Mandi Bahauddin needs effective and efficient plans for proper disposal of increasing solid waste and dire need of trainings to the TMA relevant staff. Management Training Programs to improve solid waste management is highly neglected area in municipal sector. The Matrix below shows that higher management of TMA Mandi Bahauddin as well as lower cadre officials has received trainings on Data Collection and Compilation from PMDFC on Solid Waste Management. Furthermore, trainings must be imparted on management of collection of solid waste, transportation and disposal to landfill sites will result in improvement of collection and disposal of solid waste, enhancing efficiency of TMA and creating clean city, healthier and pollution free environment.

*Current Status of Trained staff in TMAs

No. of Level in the No. of Institute/ Last training trainings Course/ Subjects Organizations Staff Organization ( Month – year) received TMO 01 Nil - - - Data Collection & TO (I&S) 01 1 PMDFC 2009 Compilation Data Collection & 2009 Chief Officer 01 1 PMDFC Compilation Data Collection & 2009 Chief Sanitary 01 1 PMDFC Inspector Compilation Sanitary - - Workers + 190 Nil - Drivers

*Information Provided by TMA Mandi Bahauddin Training Needed Main problems Way to impart Staff hindrance in their Required trainings training performance TMO Solid Waste Management, Project Lack of Management, Contract Management, • Should be a mix Managerial / Safety & Social Safeguards of hands on and Technical formal class TO (I&S) expertise for Solid Waste Management, Project room training as Effective Solid Management, Contract Management, per requirement Waste Monitoring & Evaluation, Safety & • Experience Management Social Safeguards Sharing

Workshops Chief Officer Solid Waste Management, Modern Techniques of Solid Waste

13 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN Main problems Way to impart Staff hindrance in their Required trainings training performance Transportation and Disposal, Monitoring & Evaluation, Safety & Social Safeguards Chief Sanitary Solid Waste Collection, Modern Inspector Techniques of Solid Waste Transportation and Disposal, Monitoring & Evaluation Sanitary Solid Waste Collection & Health Safety Workers + Measures Drivers (190)

14 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.9 Citizen Complaint Registration and Resolution

Complaint Cell has been functional in TMA Mandi Bahauddin since July 2009 for complaints registration, tracking and resolution. A separate designated room is available with designated Complaint Cell In charge where complaints are registered in the physical presence of complainant as well as telephonically. Land line number is also available in complaint cell. PMDFC assisted TMA in the establishment of Complaint cell and provided trainings and hardware support in this context. Initially, PMDFC provided standardized registers and later replaced these registers with desktop complaints software to register the complaints in a standardized form. Further PMDFC also introduced web based complaint software. Now the complaint record is available in a systematic manner. TMA Mandi Bahauddin resolved 90 % of complaints received on primary and secondary collection of solid waste during July – Nov 2013.

Registered complaints addressed by the TMA staff in comparatively less time through computerized application provide a unique feature of accountability available to the upper management. Complainant gets a unique number of his complaint that helps him to track his complaint. It is to be noted that all complaints are not registered specially received through telephone; most of these are resolved without keeping records. Currently TMA is utilizing the computerized application, however, need to fully adopt it in an effective manner. When complaint is registered, time of registration and resolution is also tracked by the computerized application.

It is likely to improve the oversight and monitoring of municipal service delivery which would result in the satisfaction of ultimate stakeholders i.e. citizens.

Sr. # Standards Situational Analysis Proposed Action Complaint Cell is functional Functioning of TMA 1. Yes with designated room and staff Complaint Cell should closely be monitored 2. Land numbers functional Yes from high-ups to facilitate public Any formal campaign was never Regular awareness Awareness campaign launched by TMA. Citizens are not campaigns are required 3. (Banners, Press releases and properly aware of the Complaint Cell to be launched time to Media campaign) and registration process. time Yes, PMDFC provided trainings on More training sessions 4. Complaint Cell staff trained regulating registration/tracking are required for process of complaints Complaint Cell staff Daily status report of Most of sanitation related complaints complaints should be 5. Complaint resolution are resolved timely overseen by TMA leadership Analysis of complaint data TMA is using the computerized Need fully adoption of 6. performed and regular reports application for registration & tracking computerized application generated of complaints by TMA

15 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN 3.10 General Public Opinion

Perceptions of citizens regarding solid waste management of TMAs have been captured by the following few attributes that can help in understanding the formation of Citizen’s perception about the situation of Solid Waste management in the City Mandi Bahauddin, Focal Group discussions were made in the city in four different localities in the city and peoples’ responses were recorded as follows: Sr. Responses Attributes Perception # (%) 1. Does improvement in Solid Waste Disposal 1. Significantly Required 25% is required in the area? 2. Important but not significant 50% 3. Not Required 25% 2. What type of problems caused with adverse 1. Garbage Heaps 50% sanitation situation in y the city? 2. Environmental Pollution 25% 3. Do not know 25% 3. What is the present method of primary 1. Door to Door Collection by TMA Staff 100% collection of solid waste in the area? 4. What is the present method of cleanliness of 1. Cleanliness by TMA Sanitary Worker 100% streets? 5. Are there any informal dumping points in the 1. Yes, those are one of the major 100% neighborhood source of environmental pollution 6. What is best arrangement for improved solid 1. Only Government Agency 100% waste disposal in the area 7. Have any solid waste collection containers / 1. Yes too far 50% Litter bins been placed in the neighborhood? 2. Don’t know 50% 8. Are they paying for primary collection of 1 Never paid 100% solid waste and cleanliness of streets? 9. Are they willing to pay for primary collection 1 Not willing 100% of solid waste and cleanliness of streets? 10. If they are not willing to pay what are the 1 Not affordable 100% reasons? 11. What improvement of services expected, if 1 Solid waste collection on regular they have to pay to TMA basis 2 Availability of formal dumping points & cleanliness of streets 3 Cleanliness of streets on regular basis 4 All of the above 100% 12. For which purpose, they are willing to pay 1 Door to door solid waste collection on regular basis 2 Cleanliness of streets on regular basis 3 Cleanliness of streets 4 All of the above 100%

16 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN Sr. Responses Attributes Perception # (%) 13. What is the schedule of solid wastes 1. Alternate Day 50% collection in the area? 2. No Containers/bins have been placed in the neighbourhood 50% 14. Complaints relating to Sanitation? No complaints

15. Do you have any suggestions related to - sanitation improvement?

According to general public opinion survey, improvement in the solid waste management is significantly required in the city. TMA is providing the services of primary collection and cleanliness of streets without getting any charges from the citizens. Citizens are still facing problems of odor and environmental pollution in the area due to garbage heaps, it means secondary collection of solid waste management requires improvement. Citizens are not paying to the TMA as well as Private Agencies for cleaning of streets and collection of solid waste. In future they are even willing to pay to TMA if they provide services of solid waste collection, disposal and cleaning of streets etc. on regular bais. They also consider both Government and Private agency can bring improvement in the solid waste sector.

17 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT – RCOMMENDATION & WAY FORWARD

Activities Recommendation

• Develop human resource deployment plan • Hire 67 additional sanitary workers • Maintain primary SWM service to 100% • Primary Procure 50 Hand Carts • Initiate pilot based Door-to-Door primary collection in one Collection UC • Study of waste characterization • Study possibility of private primary collection possibility

• Increase collection efficiency from 63 % to 75 % • Secondary waste collection points should be relocated as per actual needs on GIS maps Secondary • Procure 10 covered containers Collection • Repair or replace, non-operational 1 mechanical loader • Waste should be transported in covered trolleys • Study possibility of private secondary collection possibility • Avoid slaughter house/Hospital/Hazardous waste mixing with secondary waste

• Study final disposal options from land filling, regional land Final Disposal filling, incineration at regional level, composting of organic waste etc. • Finalize final disposal option • Human resource and machinery needs for final disposal option

• Develop a designated parking areas with adequate facilities Operation and for parking of SWM machinery • Maintenance Have a contract with local service provider for TMA machinery repair & maintenance • Develop a plan to develop a TMA Workshop having requisite facilities, equipment, skilled human resource

• Procure protective equipment for sanitary staff • Develop procedures for collection, transportation and disposal of hazardous and slaughter house waste Safety and Social • Provide cleaning facilities to sanitary workers Safe Guard • Develop SOPs for immunization and periodic medical check- up of SWM staff • Provide safety & health training

18 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN Activities Recommendation • Need effective and efficient plans for proper disposal of increasing solid waste • Sanitation staff must meet the minimum set criteria as detailed in Human Resource section No. 3.2 of this report Development • Training calendar should be approved to bridge up the HR capacity

needs • Need to develop monitoring mechanism to track the progress of SWM staff • Need based trainings related to SWM sector should be provided to TOs, CO, sanitary supervisors and workers as detailed in section 3.8

• Need to focus on development projects, as currently no expenditures being incurred on SWM sector. • Effective O&M frame work is required to be developed to utilize POL

and R&M budget efficiently. SWM-Financial • SWM establishment budget needs to be rationalized as per set Analysis criteria mentioned in section 3.2 of this report. • 2% of the total SWM budget should be allocated for staff development i.e. trainings, incentives etc. • Budget document should clearly show SWM allocation in sub categories i.e. Establishment, R&M, POL and Development etc. • 1 % of total SWM budget should be allocated on Public Awareness Way Forward campaigns.

• Waste Characterization Studies (Sample TMAs) • Development of GIS based SWM Maps • Resource Management Plans • Human resource management plans (using GIS Maps) • Plans for Optimum use of existing Machinery (using GIS Maps) • Requisite Budgetary Allocations • Outsourcing for SWM systems • Procurement Plan • Plans for final disposal sites • Identification of final disposal options (land filling or regional land filling, regional incineration, composting etc.) • Acquiring of Lands for final disposal options • Sustainability Plans • Trainings • Development of Training Modules • Training for various tiers of TMA officials • Public Awareness Plans • Occupational Health and safety Plan • Environment and social management Plans • Operation & Maintenance Plans • Monitoring and Evaluation Framework • Periodic data analysis to highlight the gaps in terms of taking required corrective measures

19 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN Annex-1

Following information was collected from TMA Mandi Bahauddin through data collection forms. Tools & Equipment

Numbers available Sr. No. Description Total Out of order Working 1 50 25 25 Wheel Barrows/hand carts 2 18 0 18 Steel containers (open)

3 Tractor trolleys (auto 5 Tractors 0 5 Tractors unloading) 6 Trolleys 6 Trolleys 4 Mechanized loader 3 1 2 equipment 5 2 - 2 Tractor Carrier 6 1 - 1 Mechanical sweepers 7 4 - 4 Water Bauzer 8 1 - 1 Tractor Front End Blade Machinery Details

Make ( Model/Year of Condition Condition of Condition Tractors manufacture of Body Engine of Tyres Belarus (2) 50 HP 1984 Good Good Good Messy 2010, 1998 Good Good Good Furgoson 240 HP (5) Messy 2009, 2004 Good Good Good Furgoson 385 (2) Messy 2010 Good Good Good Furgoson 375 (1) Make (Horse Power)/ Condition Condition of Condition of Trolleys Model/Year of of Body Engine T yre s manufacture 2012 Good Good 2012 Good Good Local Trolleys 2002 Good Good 6 2002 Good Good 1995 Fair Good 1996 Fair Good Make (Horse Power)/ Mechanized Condition Condition of Condition of Model/Year of Loaders of Body Engine T yre s manufacture 2001 Good Good Good Messy 2003 Good Good Good Forgosan (3) 2005 Good Good Good Tractor Make (Horse Power)/ Condition Condition of Condition of Carriers Model/Year of of Body Engine T yre s 2012 Good Good Good 2 No. of Hino 2008 Good Good Good Carrier

Make (Horse Power)/ Mechanical Condition Condition of Condition of Model/Year of Sweepers of Body Engine T yre s manufacture 1 No. of Kissan /Fiat 2012 Good Good Good Tractor Make (Horse Power)/ Water Condition Condition of Condition of Model/Year of Bauzer of Body Engine T yre s manufacture 2002 Good Good Good 2004 Good Good Good 04 Nos. 2007 Good Good Good 2009 Good Good Good Tractor Make (Horse Power)/ Condition Condition of Condition of Front End Model/Year of of Body Engine T yre s Blade manufacture 01 No. 1997-98 Good Good Good

20 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN Annex-2

Informal Dumping & Scavenging Garbage Heaps

Primary Collection Road after cleaning

Secondary Collection Garbage Heaps along the road side

21 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN

22 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - MANDI BAHAUDDIN