Post WWII Refugees: Haganah Ship
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When Are Foreign Volunteers Useful? Israel's Transnational Soldiers in the War of 1948 Re-Examined
This is a repository copy of When are Foreign Volunteers Useful? Israel's Transnational Soldiers in the War of 1948 Re-examined. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/79021/ Version: WRRO with coversheet Article: Arielli, N (2014) When are Foreign Volunteers Useful? Israel's Transnational Soldiers in the War of 1948 Re-examined. Journal of Military History, 78 (2). pp. 703-724. ISSN 0899- 3718 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ promoting access to White Rose research papers Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/79021/ Paper: Arielli, N (2014) When are foreign volunteers useful? Israel's transnational soldiers in the war of 1948 re-examined. Journal of Military History, 78 (2). 703 - 724. White Rose Research Online [email protected] When are Foreign Volunteers Useful? Israel’s Transnational Soldiers in the War of 1948 Re-examined Nir Arielli Abstract The literature on foreign, or “transnational,” war volunteering has fo- cused overwhelmingly on the motivations and experiences of the vol- unteers. -
AMERICAN VETERANS of ISRAEL VOLUNTEERS in ISRAEL’S WAR of INDEPENDENCE UNITED STATES & CANADA VOLUNTEERS 136 East 39Th Street, New York, NY 10016
FALL 2006 AMERICAN VETERANS OF ISRAEL VOLUNTEERS IN ISRAEL’S WAR OF INDEPENDENCE UNITED STATES & CANADA VOLUNTEERS 136 East 39th Street, New York, NY 10016 Aliya Bet: The Pans, Paul Shulman Beds for Bananas The View of the British and the Perils of Passage A First-Hand Story of the S.S. Re- Admiralty Part One: A “ far-better” shipping demption And What Happened Af- A review essay of Stewart, Ninian. company terwards in Cyprus and in Pales- The Royal Navy and the Palestine By J. Wandres tine Patrol. London: Portland, 2002. The story of the Haganah Ship Laurence Kohlberg published this Exodus 47 has been told and retold article in the Autumn 1948 issue of the This review essay was written by over the decades and has become part Menorah Journal after having served Elihu Bergman a short time before of legend and lore of Israel’s founding. on the Paducah, renamed Geula or his death a year ago. Elihu was a past The ship’s attempt to land more than Redemption. Laurence, after gradu- president of AVI. He held a PhD in 4,500 refugees on the shores of Eretz ating from Phillips Academy in Mas- Political Science and had published a Israel was not initially successful. But sachusetts, toward the end of World number of academic articles on Aliya Bet. We are not aware that this essay WANDRES continued on pg. 11 KOHLBERG continued on pg. 2 has been published elsewhere. The Newsletter offers a slightly abbreviated Machal Veterans to be In- Surrounding the stage is a sweeping, version. -
Aboard the Exodus: Setting Sail for Freedom’S Shore” (PAGES 14–17) LESSON PLAN by ANN R
“Aboard the Exodus: Setting Sail for Freedom’s Shore” (PAGES 14–17) LESSON PLAN BY ANN R. BERMAN After reading the feature article about the Exodus 1947, students will discuss Watch a newsreel aboutat the many people who took great risks to create a Jewish homeland in Israel. the Exodus 1947 . Through a comparison of the Exodus from Egypt and the Exodus 1947, students www.babaganewz.com will understand the connection between freedom and the Land of Israel. CONCEPTS AND OBJECTIVES would be allowed to enter the land without Arab approval. k Students will understand that creating the modern State Displaced Persons (DP’s): These were people who had been of Israel required risk-taking, hard work, and the efforts forced to leave their homes during WWII. This group of Jews from many parts of the world. The ultimate included the Jewish survivors of the concentration camps success of the Exodus 1947 mission was due to the efforts and Jews who had been in hiding during the war. While of various groups of people, rather than specific non-Jewish DP’s waited in camps until they could return individual “heroes.” Groups of everyday people working to their pre-war homes, Jewish DP’s could not and did not together for a common goal have the power to affect the wish to return. After surviving the concentration camps, course of history. these DP’s lived in DP camps in Germany, Austria, and k For Jews, there is a concrete connection between Italy for many years until a new home could be found for freedom and the Land of Israel. -
Box Folder 4 4 Americans for Haganah. 1947-1949
MS-763: Rabbi Herbert A. Friedman Collection, 1930-2004. Series C: Zionism/Founding of the State of Israel, 1942-1955. Box Folder 4 4 Americans for Haganah. 1947-1949. For more information on this collection, please see the finding aid on the American Jewish Archives website. 3101 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220 513.487.3000 AmericanJewishArchives.org R.Jol! G. So.nebo,n 881....;.gt- A_ N~ V•• UJityI6 lI"7 11th, 1949 . Rabbi Herbert Fri_ 5001 Foreet Street Den ...r, Colorado Dear Rabbi Frledaan: Almost tour years ago. two distinguished Palestinians met a emall group of U8 at my home to explore the posalbl11ty ot generat1Qg a disoreet but sturdy lIfeline to the underground ~. Raganah. ::from that 1n1tlal meeting on that memorable dq, greW' a d1namlc organization ot men and women thro~out our oountry who mobIlized themaelvss into a veritable American Palmaab. We re mained an informal ~ of yorkers without atatlonerf or officars or &nT semblance of formal structure until a little over a year ago. Raganah 18 no longer an underground a.t'UI7. The .rewish State 18 recognized by the ~er and larger powera the world over. One phase of our work ma:t be completed, but there 18 still muoh to be done to ensure the securl ty ot Israel. It ehould be of tntereat to revi.. the work .e have accomplished. I t aeems tltt~, too, that we make this an occaalon to celebrate our Rourth Annlvara&r7. I take pleasure, there~ore, in aeking TOU to Join an int1mate group o~ our ~r1endB tor dinner on Tuesday evening, Kay 31at, at the Ambassador Hotel, Park Avenue and Slat Street. -
The Exodus, Then and Now
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall The Bridge: A Yearbook of Judaeo-Christian Studies, Vol. I The Institute of Judaeo-Christian Studies 1955 The Exodus, Then and Now Barnabas M. Ahern Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/jcs-bridge-I Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Barnabas M. Ahern, "The Exodus, Then and Now." In The Bridge: A Yearbook of Judaeo-Christian Studies, Vol. 1, edited by John M. Oesterreicher and Barry Ulanov, 53-74. New York: Pantheon Books, 1955. ! of moral I but made nt on, and Barnabas M. Ahern, c.P. THE EXODUS, THEN AND NOW UPHEAVAL stirred the world of Abraham. Dynastic changes at Ur and vast migrations over the Fertile Crescent clogged the stagnant pool of a world that had died. Babylon in the early second millennium vaunted the boast, "I am rich and have grown wealthy and have need of nothing"; and all the while the bragging corpse failed to see how "wretched and miserable and poor and blind and naked" it really was (Apoc 3:17) . All flesh had corrupted its way; God's clean sun shone on a pool full of death. But life still throbbed at Haran in northern Mesopotamia, for Abraham lived there, a newcomer from Ur in the south. All future history would flow from him; he was to become "the father of us all ... our father in the sight of God" (Rom 4 : 17). For one day at Haran, in the middle of the nineteenth century, a merciful God spoke to the heart of this tribal chief (Gen 12: 1-3) and broke it wide open with a freshet of mercy, gushing forth and bubbling over to cleanse all heartS by faith. -
Iraqi Jews: a History of Mass Exodus by Abbas Shiblak, Saqi, 2005, 215 Pp
Iraqi Jews: A History of Mass Exodus by Abbas Shiblak, Saqi, 2005, 215 pp. Rayyan Al-Shawaf The 2003 toppling of Saddam Hussein’s Baath regime and the occupation of Iraq by Allied Coalition Forces has served to generate a good deal of interest in Iraqi history. As a result, in 2005 Saqi reissued Abbas Shiblak’s 1986 study The Lure of Zion: The Case of the Iraqi Jews. The revised edition, which includes a preface by Iraq historian Peter Sluglett as well as minor additions and modifications by the author, is entitled The Iraqi Jews: A History of Mass Exodus. Shiblak’s book, which deals with the mass immigration of Iraqi Jews to Israel in 1950-51, is important both as one of the few academic studies of the subject as well as a reminder of a time when Jews were an integral part of Iraq and other Arab countries. The other significant study of this subject is Moshe Gat’s The Jewish Exodus from Iraq, 1948-1951, which was published in 1997. A shorter encapsulation of Gat’s argument can be found in his 2000 Israel Affairs article Between‘ Terror and Emigration: The Case of Iraqi Jewry.’ Because of the diametrically opposed conclusions arrived at by the authors, it is useful to compare and contrast their accounts. In fact, Gat explicitly refuted many of Shiblak’s assertions as early as 1987, in his Immigrants and Minorities review of Shiblak’s The Lure of Zion. It is unclear why Shiblak has very conspicuously chosen to ignore Gat’s criticisms and his pointing out of errors in the initial version of the book. -
1948 Arab‒Israeli
1948 Arab–Israeli War 1 1948 Arab–Israeli War מלחמת or מלחמת העצמאות :The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, known to Israelis as the War of Independence (Hebrew ,מלחמת השחרור :, Milkhemet Ha'atzma'ut or Milkhemet HA'sikhror) or War of Liberation (Hebrewהשחרור Milkhemet Hashikhrur) – was the first in a series of wars fought between the State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the continuing Arab-Israeli conflict. The war commenced upon the termination of the British Mandate of Palestine and the Israeli declaration of independence on 15 May 1948, following a period of civil war in 1947–1948. The fighting took place mostly on the former territory of the British Mandate and for a short time also in the Sinai Peninsula and southern Lebanon.[1] ., al-Nakba) occurred amidst this warﺍﻟﻨﻜﺒﺔ :Much of what Arabs refer to as The Catastrophe (Arabic The war concluded with the 1949 Armistice Agreements. Background Following World War II, on May 14, 1948, the British Mandate of Palestine came to an end. The surrounding Arab nations were also emerging from colonial rule. Transjordan, under the Hashemite ruler Abdullah I, gained independence from Britain in 1946 and was called Jordan, but it remained under heavy British influence. Egypt, while nominally independent, signed the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 that included provisions by which Britain would maintain a garrison of troops on the Suez Canal. From 1945 on, Egypt attempted to renegotiate the terms of this treaty, which was viewed as a humiliating vestige of colonialism. Lebanon became an independent state in 1943, but French troops would not withdraw until 1946, the same year that Syria won its independence from France. -
The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM UVM Honors College Senior Theses Undergraduate Theses 2015 Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948 Jessica Solodkin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses Recommended Citation Solodkin, Jessica, "Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948" (2015). UVM Honors College Senior Theses. 95. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/95 This Honors College Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in UVM Honors College Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Behind the Lines: The Partitions of British India and Mandatory Palestine, 1937-1948 By Jessica Solodkin Thesis Supervisor: Abigail McGowan Honors College Thesis Department of History University of Vermont December 2015 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements……………………………3 Introduction……………………………………4 Chapter 1: British India………………………19 India Maps………………………………39 Chapter 2: Mandatory Palestine……………...40 Proposal Maps………………………48, 59 Chapter 3: Comparison……………………….63 Conclusion……………………………………92 Bibliography…………………………………..95 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project has taken me on an incredible journey of exploration, discovery, and growth. For the past year and a half, I have gained invaluable skills, knowledge, and created unforgettable memories. This journey, however, would not have been complete without the love and support of my family. Without the guidance, wisdom, encouragement, assistance, and kindness of Professor Abigail McGowan, this project and level of personal growth would not have been as meaningful. Your patience, advice, endless office hours, and investment in me have meant the world to me. -
A Reading of Leon Uris's Exodus As a Fourth World
A READING OF LEON URIS’S EXODUS AS A FOURTH WORLD DISCOURSE DR. L. RONALD DAVID Associate Professor Department of English SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul 624002 (TM) INDIA Leon Uris’s Exodus is a piece of fourth world discourse. It not only traces the history of the establishment of the modern state of Israel but also presents the saga of the fourth world people, the Jews, to attain statehood. It traces the persecution of the Jewish people in Europe, which sparked off waves of immigration to Palestine, epitomized in the novel by the story of the Rabinsky brothers, Jossi and Yakov, the founding of the Zionist movement, the establishment of Jewish settlements in Palestine and throws light on the efforts made by Jews to sustain a Jewish state in Palestine. INTRODUCTION The Jewish nation portrayed in the Bible was destroyed when the 286 heroic Jews who manned the fortress of Masada in defiance of the might of Rome were betrayed and perished. The Jews dispersed to the four corners of the world. They suffered unspeakable persecution in most of the world. Through all the suffering they never stopped looking toward their ancient homeland with the Passover prayer that ended: “Next year in Jerusalem” (Leon Uris and Dimitrios Harissiadis, Exodus Revisited 33; [43]). Many of the dispersed Jews went to Russia, particularly to the Crimean area as far back as the first century. The area was ruled by the Khazars. The Khazars were so impressed by Judaism that they adopted it as their own religion and their kingdom became a virtual Jewish State. -
Being Israeli: the IDF As a Mechanism for the Assimilation of Ethiopian Immigrants
Being Israeli: The IDF as a Mechanism for the Assimilation of Ethiopian Immigrants Hana Rosenfeld Adviser: Dr. Claire Adida Senior Undergraduate Thesis Submitted to the Department of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego March 28th, 2016 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements……………………………………………………….3 Introduction……………………………………………………………….4 Argument Historical Context……………………………………………………………..10 Argument and Literature Review……………………………………………..11 Research Design…………………………………………………………..15 Results: Interview Analysis……………………………………………….19 Results: Government Data Analysis……………………………………...24 Conclusion………………………………………………………………..26 References………………………………………………………………..28 3 My sincere thanks to all of the soldiers I spoke with for your service, your thoughts, and your words. I am also grateful for the guidance and support of Professor Megumi Naoi and Professor Christina Schneider in the honors seminar. Special thanks to Professor Eli Berman for taking the time out of one very busy Pi Day to answer some questions. Most of all, thank you to my everpatient adviser, Professor Claire Adida. 4 Introduction For millennia, the area that is now the state of Israel has been home to an enormously diverse array of religions, ethnic groups, and nationalities. While the extremely diverse makeup of the country and its neighbors has at times contributed to a volatile environment of tension, conflict, and war, the success at which Israel has been able to integrate its many immigrant groups within, at least, its own borders is startling. Nowhere can this be seen more plainly than in the Israel Defense Forces, more commonly known as the IDF, with its unique conscription program and unorthodox organization. First of all, every citizen (both men and women) is mandatorily conscripted, though there are several complicated exemption policies. -
Institute for Palestine Studies | Journals
Institute for Palestine Studies | Journals Journal of Palestine Studies issue 141, published in Fall 2006 The 1948 Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine by Ilan Pappé This article, excerpted and adapted from the early chapters of a new book, emphasizes the systematic preparations that laid the ground for the expulsion of more than 750,000 Palestinians from what became Israel in 1948. While sketching the context and diplomatic and political developments of the period, the article highlights in particular a multi-year “Village Files” project (1940–47) involving the systematic compilation of maps and intelligence for each Arab village and the elaboration—under the direction of an inner “caucus” of fewer than a dozen men led by David Ben-Gurion—of a series of military plans culminating in Plan Dalet, according to which the 1948 war was fought. The article ends with a statement of one of the author’s underlying goals in writing the book: to make the case for a paradigm of ethnic cleansing to replace the paradigm of war as the basis for the scholarly research of, and the public debate about, 1948. ILAN PAPPÉ, an Israeli historian and professor of political science at Haifa University, is the author of a number of books, including The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947–1951 (I. B. Tauris, 1994) and A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples (Cambridge University Press, 2004). The current article is extracted from early chapters of his latest book, The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine (Oneworld Publications, Oxford, England, forthcoming in October 2006). THE 1948 ETHNIC CLEANSING OF PALESTINE ILAN PAPPÉ This article, excerpted and adapted from the early chapters of a new book, emphasizes the systematic preparations that laid the ground for the expulsion of more than 750,000 Palestinians from what became Israel in 1948. -
Symbolism in the Israel Defense Forces: a Brief Overview
Symbolism in the Israel Defense Forces: A Brief Overview Zvi Ruder Introduction The Israeli Armed Forces (known as the IDF, or by its Hebrew acronym: ZAHAL) are a great “mixer” of the Israeli society. In this “mixer,” Israel’s different social, ethnic, and political strata are blended and ground together, into a specific Israeli culture. Unavoidably, the resulting mixture reflects important features of this culture, of which the unique Israeli symbolism is a part, both in the historical and religious profoundness of its meaning and in the eclecticism of its elements. The eclectic nature of the IDF symbolism manifests itself in the fact that, just like the rest of the Israeli state and society, it employs three types of symbolic graphic devices that are only loosely related to each other outside the framework of modern Zionist ideology. This Zionist ideology remains, at least officially, a spiritual foundation and the raison d’etreˆ of the State of Israel; however, as is shown in this article, it is not the sole contributor of symbols in Israel in general, and only a relatively minor one in the Israel Defense Forces in particular. The three types of symbols currently in use in the Israel Defense Forces are: 1. Symbols related to the Hebrew Bible (i.e. the five books of Moses called in Hebrew the Torah) and the millennia-old Hebrew and Jewish tradition, especially those associated with the Land of Israel and the period of ancient Hebrew independence. 2. Symbols that reflect Zionist ideology and represent the Zionist move- ment, especially those based on emblems of organizations and institu- tions which conducted the struggle for Israel’s independence before the establishment of the State of Israel in a.d.