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2. the Climbing Gym Industry and Oslo Klatresenter As
Norwegian School of Economics Bergen, Spring 2021 Valuation of Oslo Klatresenter AS A fundamental analysis of a Norwegian climbing gym company Kristoffer Arne Adolfsen Supervisor: Tommy Stamland Master thesis, Economics and Business Administration, Financial Economics NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS This thesis was written as a part of the Master of Science in Economics and Business Administration at NHH. Please note that neither the institution nor the examiners are responsible − through the approval of this thesis − for the theories and methods used, or results and conclusions drawn in this work. 2 Abstract The main goal of this master thesis is to estimate the intrinsic value of one share in Oslo Klatresenter AS as of the 2nd of May 2021. The fundamental valuation technique of adjusted present value was selected as the preferred valuation method. In addition, a relative valuation was performed to supplement the primary fundamental valuation. This thesis found that the climbing gym market in Oslo is likely to enjoy a significant growth rate in the coming years, with a forecasted compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in sales volume of 6,76% from 2019 to 2033. From there, the market growth rate is assumed to have reached a steady-state of 3,50%. The period, however, starts with a reduced market size in 2020 and an expected low growth rate from 2020 to 2021 because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on this and an assumed new competing climbing gym opening at the beginning of 2026, OKS AS revenue is forecasted to grow with a CAGR of 4,60% from 2019 to 2033. -
Tradclimbing+ the Positive Approach to Improving Your Climbing
TradCLIMBING+ The positive approach to improving your climbing Adrian Berry John Arran Uncredited photos by Adrian Berry Other photos as credited Illustrations by Ray Eckermann Printed by Clearpoint Colourprint Distributed by Cordee (www.cordee.co.uk) Published by ROCKFAX Ltd. December 2007 © ROCKFAX Ltd. 2007 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without prior written permission of the copyright owner. A CIP catalogue record is available from the British Library. ISBN 978 1 873341 91 9 www.rockfax.com Cover: Adrian Berry on Cockblock (E5), Clogwyn y Grochan, Snowdonia, Wales. This page: Steve Ramsden on Fay (E4), Lower Sharpnose, Cornwall, England. Alex Barrows on the crux of Quietus (E2) Stanage Edge, The Peak District, England. Contents 3 Introduction (4) Starting Out (8) Tactics (190) Introduction A guide for newcomers showing the Tactics is about how to best use the skills various ways to get into trad climbing, the you already have to get those routes in important differences between climbing the bag and is a major part of the climbing Starting Out indoors and outside, plus an introduction game. to the key safety skills and terminology. The Mind (206) Gear (28) Gear For many climbers, the mind is the weakest A comprehensive look at the myriad of gear link. By taking a more positive approach available, with advice on what to buy to your mind can be turned from being a build up your climbing rack. weakness to being your best asset. -
Larry Land Climbing Topo
90 BOWMAN AREA CRAGS BOWMAN AREA CRAGS 91 Bowman Dam 21 18 17 14 21 19 21 20 16 1 15 4 2 23 13 22 3 12 Small 5 11 Cave 7 6 10 8 Approach 9 Larry Land N39° 26.648' W120° 39.256' Toprope the plumb line below the anchor on Gary Land. 7 Larry Land 70' 5.11c dam. When the road ends, follow a rough walkway up the right 4 Gary Land 45' 5.10d Mike Carville, Gary Allan, Josh Horniak, Spring 2008. Exposure: South. Afternoon sun, no shade. side of the drainage, then cross the drainage via a concrete Mike Carville, Josh Horniak, Fall 2008. 9 bolts. LO. Elevation: 5,480' spillway. After 40' cross back to the south side of the spillway 7 bolts. LO. A crag classic, this route is typified by athletic climbing on good Summary: Sport climbing. and ascend a low-angle rock slab to reach the large, concrete 25' left of Yuba Blue, this route begins on a short corner (crux), holds. Begin climbing the steep, broken rock immediately right Approach: 5 minutes, 0.2 miles. concourse directly below the dam. Reach the wall by ascend- then continues ascending the wall with more-moderate diffi- of the central cave. Trend generally left while aiming for the left Immediately below the Lake Bowman dam lies the south-fac- ing the talus field to the right of some large boulders. culty (5.9). Trend rightward from the mid-route corner. end of a shallow roof feature located above a gold-tinged slab. -
Layout 1 Copy
STACK ROCK 2020 An illustrated guide to sea stack climbing in the UK & Ireland - Old Harry - - Old Man of Stoer - - Am Buachaille - - The Maiden - - The Old Man of Hoy - - over 200 more - Edition I - version 1 - 13th March 1994. Web Edition - version 1 - December 1996. Web Edition - version 2 - January 1998. Edition 2 - version 3 - January 2002. Edition 3 - version 1 - May 2019. Edition 4 - version 1 - January 2020. Compiler Chris Mellor, 4 Barnfield Avenue, Shirley, Croydon, Surrey, CR0 8SE. Tel: 0208 662 1176 – E-mail: [email protected]. Send in amendments, corrections and queries by e-mail. ISBN - 1-899098-05-4 Acknowledgements Denis Crampton for enduring several discussions in which the concept of this book was developed. Also Duncan Hornby for information on Dorset’s Old Harry stacks and Mick Fowler for much help with some of his southern and northern stack attacks. Mike Vetterlein contributed indirectly as have Rick Cummins of Rock Addiction, Rab Anderson and Bruce Kerr. Andy Long from Lerwick, Shetland. has contributed directly with a lot of the hard information about Shetland. Thanks are also due to Margaret of the Alpine Club library for assistance in looking up old journals. In late 1996 Ben Linton, Ed Lynch-Bell and Ian Brodrick undertook the mammoth scanning and OCR exercise needed to transfer the paper text back into computer form after the original electronic version was lost in a disk crash. This was done in order to create a world-wide web version of the guide. Mike Caine of the Manx Fell and Rock Club then helped with route information from his Manx climbing web site. -
Longs Peak, the Diamond. in August, 1960, Two Californians, Bob Kamps and Dave Rearick, Made the First Ascent of the Diamond ( A.A.J ., 1961, 12:2, Pp
Longs Peak, The Diamond. In August, 1960, two Californians, Bob Kamps and Dave Rearick, made the first ascent of the Diamond ( A.A.J ., 1961, 12:2, pp. 297-301.) Their route goes straight up the center of the 1000-foot face. Two years later Layton Kor and Charles Roskosz, both of Colorado, completed a new route, “The Yellow W all” , about 100 yards left of the Kamps-Rearick route. Though on less steep and better rock, the Yellow Wall is more circuitous and has a harder aid pitch. On July 13, after making the second ascent of the original route, Kor and I established a new one, “The Jack of Diamonds” . The “Jack” stands just right of the Kamps-Rearick, and like that route, has a rotten section which overhangs for 400 feet. Although the nailing is slightly easier on the Jack, the free climbing is more difficult than either of the other two routes. The night before the ascent, we bivouacked on Broadway, a huge ledge at the base of the Diamond. Kor slept placidly, but next day all his famous energy and drive became focused upon the problem of getting up this new route. The day dawned with the sun shining warmly through a clear blue sky, but by noon clouds had gathered and a strong wind numbed our fingers. The weather worsened as we climbed higher, and in the afternoon snow flurries swirled around us. Nearing the top, we fought an insidious exhaustion caused by altitude, cold, and our daylong struggle. Racing against the setting sun to avoid a bad night in slings, Kor led the last pitch, a long, strenuous jam-crack. -
Garden Balcony - Dirty Devil
GARDEN BALCONY - DIRTY DEVIL Rating: 3A I Length: 2-4 hours Gear: Ascending gear required. Maps: Burr Point, UT; Rappels: 1+ to 27 m ( 89 ft. ) Water: Generally little or none. Flash Flood Danger: Moderate Season: Any, hot in the summer Waypoints: Trailhead 12S 543796mE 4230932mN N38° 13' 31" W110° 29' 59" Downclimb Off Ridge 12S 544401mE 4231837mN N38° 14' 00" W110° 29' 34" Rappel 12S 544143mE 4231701mN N38° 13' 56" W110° 29' 44" Rappel 12S 544216mE 4231406mN N38° 13' 46" W110° 29' 41" Hype Garden Balcony is a short, easy canyon that offers some short narrows, a few easy downclimbs, and a neat patch of vegetation in an otherwise rocky landscape. The biggest attraction is the spectacular views of the Dirty Devil River and the sporting approach. It could be combined with Tumbleweed Balcony to the North to make a full day. This route was originally contributed by user tacovan. Several people had commented the climbing was a bit trickier than they expected. I finally visited in the spring of 2016, and have updated the description. Tags: canyon, advanced, access: high clearance Trailhead From Hanksville drive south on the Hwy 95 to Mile 10 and then turn left (east) onto the road to Angel Point. Reset at the Cattle Guard ( 12S 530870mE 4232076mN / N38° 14' 10" W110° 38' 50" ) 2.4 miles - Right On 0101 ( 12S 534101mE 4232785mN / N38° 14' 33" W110° 36' 37" ) 3.3 miles - Cattle Guard ( 12S 535083mE 4231909mN / N38° 14' 04" W110° 35' 57" ) 5.9 miles - Junction with 0103 Stay Right ( 12S 538059mE 4230240mN / N38° 13' 10" W110° 33' 55" ) 6.2 miles - Stay Left ( 12S 538464mE 4230109mN / N38° 13' 05" W110° 33' 38" ) 8.4 miles - Junction at water tank. -
Winter 2012/2013 Issue Bardini Astonishing Annual Fund Raiser Youth Work Continues Workman’S Comp It’S That Time
The Backside of Beyond Bardini The Bardini Foundation Newsletter Winter 2012/2013 Issue Bardini Astonishing Annual Fund Raiser Youth Work Continues Workman’s Comp It’s That Time The Bardini Foundation continues its in- Last year was the second best fund volvement with Owens Valley youth Insurance Premium raiser ever. This year we are in particular groups this year. need of your help. In 2004 the Bardini Foundation was grant- Last season we provided camping equip- ed a permit to guide in the Inyo National Due to an unexpected and unusually ment and financial support to a spring Forest. The grant necessitated that we at- large workmen’s comp in insurance pre- girls camp and a summer boys camp. tain liability and workman’s compensation mium, our general fund took a major hit insurance. Those of you who have been (see the column to the left). We are hop- The boys expressed their appreciation in with us all these years may recall that our ing that we can replenish the fund through a local letter-to-the-editor: “We ... wish to first year in the guiding business cost us your generous donations. thank the Bardini Foundation for teaching upwards of $16,000 for liability insur- The Dale & Edna Walsh (DEW) Foun- us backcountry skills and rock climbing ance. We were able to meet the expense dation will again be matching each dollar techniques. The foundation’s volunteers, through the use of our personal credit cards received through March 15, 2013. Shai Tim Villanueva and Don Lauria, deserve and with the help of Dave Huntsman and Edberg, the DEW Foundation director, an extra special thank you as they take his insurance company we were able to continues to make this very generous time out of their lives to take us into the acquire more reasonable rates in the sub- annual commitment of matching funds. -
Super Slab Topo
Gaudi Wall & Super Slab Gaudi Wall & Super Slab This tight collection of crags offers the best climbing in this book, and some Top Ten of the best metamorphic sport climbing on the Front Range. The quality of the rock and proximity to Denver ensure these crags will be incredibly popular. As such, it is ESSENTIAL that climbers treat these areas with respect. In particular, be courteous to the many local residents who have Casa Batllo, 5.10b enjoyed this quiet canyon for decades: • DRIVE SLOWLY throughout the canyon, but especially in residential areas Littering And…, 5.10b • CAR POOL – An abundance of cars along the road will be our undoing Mustache Ride, 5.10b • KEEP NOISE DOWN – this is a wobbler-free zone: Please no screaming, honking horns, playing music or foul language Mindians, 5.11a • PETS ON LEASH – There are many wild animals about (including moose, Wrench Wrun, 5.12a mount lions & bear), but mostly we don’t want to disturb the locals • BE COURTEOUS & respectful to anyone you encounter—it never hurts to Sagrada Familia, 5.12a say “Thank you for sharing this beautiful area with us” The Underflinger, 5.12b Don’t Let Go, 5.13a On Till the End, 5.13c Striking Distance, 5.14b Mark A powering up The Best Revenge, 5.13a, Gaudi Wall. Photo Evan Howell Super Slab This clean slab of granite is a great destination for families, recreational climbers, and aspiring slab masters. The rock is very-high-quality granite with a few gneiss and pegmatite intrusions, but even the pegmatite here is very good. -
Southern California's Parks & Public Lands
COMPLIMENTARY $3.95 2019/2020 YOUR COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE PARKS SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA’S PARKS & PUBLIC LANDS ACTIVITIES • SIGHTSEEING • PRESERVATION EVENTS • TRAILS • HISTORY • MAPS • MORE OFFICIAL PARTNERS T:5.375” S:4.75” WELCOME S:7.375” SO TASTY EVERYONE WILL WANT A BITE. T:8.375” Southern California has some of the most diverse geogra- phy on earth and offers the ideal climate for exploring it year- round. There are not many places where you can snowshoe Adventure 16 or ski in the morning, rock climb in the desert in the after- noon and end the day with a run on the beach or a swim in the ocean. At Adventure 16 we’ve been a part of the So Cal outdoor exploration culture for over 50 years. We’re delighted to have the opportunity to share some of our favorite places by team- ing up with the folks at American Park Network to bring you this Oh Ranger! Trails Less Traveled guide, focused specifi- cally on our own backyard. John Mead, President, Adventure 16, in Sequoia Whether you’re visiting this region for the first time, or you National Park know the So Cal backcountry better than the back of your hand, we hope you look to Adventure 16 and our four local mountain shops for inspiration, friendly expert information, and the highest quality, most reliable outdoor gear and cloth- ing available. When you drop by any of our stores, I encourage you to check out the many other American Park Network guides we offer as well. The guides are FREE and the places they help take you to are priceless. -
Sandstone Towers of the American South-West Desert Eric Bjdrnstad
ABOUT IRGHIL M'GOUN AND THE BOU GOUMEZ Slowly we insinuated ourselves into the elegant 'Hotel Roses de Dades' so from camping outside it in the blowing dirt we dined and slept within. Never did skis look so out of place as ours stacked by the tent against the hotel with nothing but desert all round. Only in the north lay the hint of snowy peaks. The next morning they were white-washed with new snow, but that salvo was too late. We were out. We phoned and arranged for the mini-bus to pick us up at the hotel. Another driver, a surly maniac, took us over the dramatic Tizi n' Tichka pass (nearly 2400m) back to Marrakech, and because the journey was based on mileage we were actually charged less than expected. The patisserie and later a gourmet meal in the 'Bagatelle' with lots of Chaud Soleil really ended the tour. If it gave little ski-ing for our Eagle selves, the Alpine halves of our beings were fully satisfied. It was the sort of expedition John Ball had made at the start of the game, a hundred years ago; very traditional. Sandstone towers of the American south-west desert Eric Bjdrnstad The American SW desert is a loosely delineated area of the Colorado Plateau. Geographically, it is referred to as a table-land or high desert country and encompasses portions of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Utah. The territory is the product of relatively recent geologic activity. Only 50 million years ago the entire region was convulsed by violent movement of the earth's crust, and 12 million years ago, the area uplifted 1200 to 1800m. -
Bob Kamps We Obtained Coverage from This One Com- Vices—Our Basic Reason for Existence
The Backside of Beyond Bardini The Bardini Foundation Newsletter Summer 2005 Issue Bardini Survives—But Not Without Help Allan Bard Receives And Not Without More Help! Dagfinn Ragg Award The cost of liability insurance almost put over three months, we sent the FS our cov- The Dagfinn Ragg Award is the the nor- the Bardini Foundation out of existence erage confirmation only to be notified that dic world's equivalent of the Oscar. Ac- last month. The liability insurance “thing” the level of coverage was below FS re- cording to award founder Bob Woodward, has become a major problem for us— quirements. the award is presented "to that person much more of a problem than originally whose past and continuing contributions anticipated. It is a major expense that we Being pressed by the FS, we applied for have had a positive effect on nordic ski did not foresee and it could force us out of additional coverage to meet the require- sports and on cross country skiers." Dag- the guiding operation—the number one ments. The additional coverage premium finn Ragg was the international sales item in our statement of purpose. was $8900. The final insurance bill for this manager for Rottefella and his passion for year amounted to $16,300. The FS permit all forms of nordic skiing was legendary. As explained in our newsletters, we have fee, and finance charges added another been involved for the past seven years in $670 to bring the total operational outlay to The award was presented posthumously seeking a special use commercial permit about $16,970 to Allan Bard in a ceremony last January for guiding in the Inyo National Forest. -
A Guide to Climbing and Bouldering in the City Of
Duluth’s urbanA GUIDE TO CLIMBING AND BOULDERING cragger IN THE CITY OF DULUTH by Laura Petersen and Josh Wiese INTRODUCTION If Duluth had no more long frigid snowy winters, less languorous days b rought on by happy-hour drink specials, and if Duluth only had world-class bouldering - this town would be a climbing mecca. Instead we're stuck with winter as the longest of our four seasons, cheap drinks abound to help us deal, and climbing that's world-class only if your world goes no farther than the Minnesota state border. These conditions have bred a hardy group of audacious drinkers, imaginative but intrepid adventurers, and bold but humble climbing styles, that can brave cold, rain, and mosquitoes. The hearts of most of Duluth's climbing tribe lies an hour north at Palisade Head, Shovel Point, and the Inland Domes, but modest urban crags in and around town offer enough to keep everyone almost satiated when not up the shore. This guide is the first attempt at providing a comprehensive look at Duluth's urban crags. The focus is on bouldering since that's mostly what we've got. Roped lines are also included where they've been established. A few disclaimers are probably appropriate here. This guide s hould serve as a reference to point people towards climbing locales in town. Anything beyond that is just hyperbole and shouldn't be trusted. Many of the Y'S PEAK. lines may have names other than what we've given them, grades that are more appropriate, and 'must be told' first ascent stories that we didn't bother to THE SADDLE STONES NEAR EL research or include.