DOCSLIB.ORG

The Rise and Fall of the Ancient Northern Pike Master Sex

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Rise and Fall of the Ancient Northern Pike Master Sex The rise and fall of the ancient northern pike master sex-determining gene Qiaowei Pan, Romain Feron, Elodie Jouanno, Hugo Darras, Amaury Herpin, Ben Koop, Eric Rondeau, Frederick Goetz, Wesley Larson, Louis Bernatchez, et al. To cite this version: Qiaowei Pan, Romain Feron, Elodie Jouanno, Hugo Darras, Amaury Herpin, et al.. The rise and fall of the ancient northern pike master sex-determining gene. eLife, eLife Sciences Publication, 2021, 10, pp.1-30. 10.7554/eLife.62858. hal-03139073 HAL Id: hal-03139073 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03139073 Submitted on 8 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License RESEARCH ARTICLE The rise and fall of the ancient northern pike master sex-determining gene Qiaowei Pan1,2, Romain Feron1,2,3, Elodie Jouanno1, Hugo Darras2, Amaury Herpin1, Ben Koop4, Eric Rondeau4, Frederick W Goetz5, Wesley A Larson6, Louis Bernatchez7, Mike Tringali8, Stephen S Curran9, Eric Saillant10, Gael PJ Denys11,12, Frank A von Hippel13, Songlin Chen14, J Andre´ s Lo´ pez15, Hugo Verreycken16, Konrad Ocalewicz17, Rene Guyomard18, Camille Eche19, Jerome Lluch19, Celine Roques19, Hongxia Hu20, Roger Tabor21, Patrick DeHaan21, Krista M Nichols22, Laurent Journot23, Hugues Parrinello23, Christophe Klopp24, Elena A Interesova25, Vladimir Trifonov26, Manfred Schartl27, John Postlethwait28, Yann Guiguen1* 1INRAE, LPGP, Rennes, France; 2Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland; 4Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada; 5Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, United States; 6Fisheries Aquatic Science and Technology Laboratory at Alaska Pacific University, Anchorage, United States; 7Institut de Biologie Inte´grative et des Syste`mes (IBIS), Universite´ Laval, Que´bec, Canada; 8Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Marine Research Institute, St. Petersburg, United States; 9School of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States; 10Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, School of Ocean Science and Technology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, United States; 11Laboratoire de Biologie des organismes et e´cosyste`mes aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, Laboratoire de Biologie des organismes et e´cosyste`mes aquatiques (BOREA), Paris, France; 12Unite´ Mixte de Service *For correspondence: Patrimoine Naturelle – Centre d’expertise et de donne´es (UMS 2006 AFB, CNRS, [email protected] MNHN), Muse´um national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France; 13Department of Competing interests: The Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, United States; 14Yellow authors declare that no Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and competing interests exist. Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Funding: See page 16 Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China; 15College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences 16 Received: 06 September 2020 Fisheries, Fairbanks, United States; Research Institute for Nature and Forest Accepted: 27 January 2021 (INBO), Brussels, Belgium; 17Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Institute of Published: 28 January 2021 Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; 18INRAE, GABI, Jouy-en- 19 20 Reviewing editor: Molly Josas, France; GeT-PlaGe, INRAE, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France; Beijing Przeworski, Columbia University, Fisheries Research Institute & Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, United States Beijing, China; 21U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lacey, United States; 22Conservation Copyright Pan et al. This Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries article is distributed under the Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, United States; terms of the Creative Commons 23Institut de Ge´nomique Fonctionnelle, IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Attribution License, which 24 25 permits unrestricted use and Montpellier, France; INRAE, Sigenae, Genotoul Bioinfo, Toulouse, France; Tomsk 26 redistribution provided that the State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation; Institute of Molecular and Cellular original author and source are Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk State credited. Pan et al. eLife 2021;10:e62858. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62858 1 of 30 Research article Evolutionary Biology University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; 27University of Wuerzburg, Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, 97074 Wu¨ rzburg, Germany; and The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States; 28Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States Abstract The understanding of the evolution of variable sex determination mechanisms across taxa requires comparative studies among closely related species. Following the fate of a known master sex-determining gene, we traced the evolution of sex determination in an entire teleost order (Esociformes). We discovered that the northern pike (Esox lucius) master sex-determining gene originated from a 65 to 90 million-year-old gene duplication event and that it remained sex linked on undifferentiated sex chromosomes for at least 56 million years in multiple species. We identified several independent species- or population-specific sex determination transitions, including a recent loss of a Y chromosome. These findings highlight the diversity of evolutionary fates of master sex-determining genes and the importance of population demographic history in sex determination studies. We hypothesize that occasional sex reversals and genetic bottlenecks provide a non-adaptive explanation for sex determination transitions. Introduction Genetic sex determination (GSD) evolved independently and repeatedly in diverse taxa, including animals, plants, and fungi (Tree of Sex Consortium et al., 2014; Beukeboom and Perrin, 2014), but the stability of such systems varies drastically among groups. In mammals and birds, conserved male or female heterogametic sex determination (SD) systems have been maintained over a long evolutionary time with conserved master sex-determining (MSD) genes (Marshall Graves, 2008). In contrast, teleost fishes display both genetic and environmental sex determination (ESD), and a remarkable evolutionary lability driven by rapid turnovers of sex chromosomes and MSD genes (Kikuchi and Hamaguchi, 2013; Pan et al., 2017). These characteristics make teleosts an attractive group in which to study the evolution of SD systems. In the past two decades, the identity of a variety of MSD genes has been revealed in teleosts thanks to advances in sequencing technologies. These findings generated new hypotheses on how the birth of MSD genes through allelic diversification or duplication with or without translocation may drive sex chromosome turnover in vertebrates (Kikuchi and Hamaguchi, 2013; Pan et al., 2017). These teleost MSD genes also provided empirical support for the ‘limited option’ idea that states that certain genes known to be implicated in sex differentiation pathways are more likely to be recruited as new MSD genes (Marshall Graves and Peichel, 2010). The majority of these recently discovered MSD genes, however, were phylogenetically scattered, making it challenging to infer evolutionary patterns and conserved themes of sex chromosomes and/or MSD gene turnovers. Although comparative studies have been accomplished in medakas, poeciliids, tilapiine cichlids, sal- monids, and sticklebacks (Kikuchi and Hamaguchi, 2013), transitions of SD systems in relation to the fate of known MSD genes within closely related species have only been explored in medakas (Myosho et al., 2015) and salmonids (Guiguen et al., 2018). Esociformes is a small order of teleost fishes (Figure 1) that diverged from their sister group Sal- moniformes about 110 million years ago (Mya) and diversified from a common ancestor around 90 Mya (Campbell et al., 2013; Campbell and Lope´z, 2014). With two families (Esocidae, including Esox, Novumbra, and Dallia, and Umbridae, including Umbra) and 13 well-recognized species (Warren et al., 2020), Esociformes is an ecologically important group of freshwater species from the northern hemisphere (Campbell et al., 2013; Campbell and Lope´z, 2014). We demonstrated that a male-specific duplication of the anti-Mu¨ llerian hormone gene (amhby) is the MSD gene in Esoci- formes and that this gene is located in a small male-specific insertion on the Y chromosome of north- ern pike (Esox lucius)(Pan et al., 2019). Here, we took advantage of the small number of Esociformes species and their relatively long evolutionary history to explore the evolution of SD in relation to the fate of this amhby MSD gene. Generating novel draft genome assemblies
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Carmine Shiner (Notropis Percobromus) in Canada
    COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Carmine Shiner Notropis percobromus in Canada THREATENED 2006 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2006. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the carmine shiner Notropis percobromus in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 29 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous reports COSEWIC 2001. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the carmine shiner Notropis percobromus and rosyface shiner Notropis rubellus in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. v + 17 pp. Houston, J. 1994. COSEWIC status report on the rosyface shiner Notropis rubellus in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-17 pp. Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge D.B. Stewart for writing the update status report on the carmine shiner Notropis percobromus in Canada, prepared under contract with Environment Canada, overseen and edited by Robert Campbell, Co-chair, COSEWIC Freshwater Fishes Species Specialist Subcommittee. In 1994 and again in 2001, COSEWIC assessed minnows belonging to the rosyface shiner species complex, including those in Manitoba, as rosyface shiner (Notropis rubellus). For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Évaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur la tête carminée (Notropis percobromus) au Canada – Mise à jour.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Fall of the Ancient Northern Pike Master Sex Determining Gene
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.31.125336; this version posted June 1, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. The rise and fall of the ancient northern pike master sex determining gene Qiaowei Pan1,2, Romain Feron1,2,3, Elodie Jouanno1, Hugo Darras2, Amaury Herpin1, Ben Koop4, Eric Rondeau4, Frederick W. Goetz5, Wesley A. Larson6, Louis Bernatchez7, Mike Tringali8, Stephen S. Curran9, Eric Saillant10, Gael P.J. Denys11,12, Frank A. von Hippel13, Songlin Chen14, J. Andrés López15, Hugo Verreycken16, Konrad Ocalewicz17, Rene Guyomard18, Camille Eche19, Jerome Lluch19, Celine Roques19, Hongxia Hu20, Roger Tabor21, Patrick DeHaan21, Krista M. Nichols22, Laurent Journot23, Hugues Parrinello23, Christophe Klopp24, Elena A. Interesova25, Vladimir Trifonov26, Manfred Schartl27, John Postlethwait28, Yann Guiguen1&. &: Corresponding author. 1. INRAE, LPGP, 35000, Rennes, France. 2. Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne,1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. 3. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. 4. Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada. 5. Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, WA, United States of America. 6. Fisheries Aquatic Science and Technology Laboratory at Alaska Pacific University. 4101 University Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508. 7. Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6. 8. Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Marine Research Institute, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Survey of Alabama Calibration of The
    GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA Berry H. (Nick) Tew, Jr. State Geologist WATER INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM CALIBRATION OF THE INDEX OF BIOTIC INTEGRITY FOR THE SOUTHERN PLAINS ICHTHYOREGION IN ALABAMA OPEN-FILE REPORT 0908 by Patrick E. O'Neil and Thomas E. Shepard Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management and the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Tuscaloosa, Alabama 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ............................................................ 1 Introduction.......................................................... 1 Acknowledgments .................................................... 6 Objectives........................................................... 7 Study area .......................................................... 7 Southern Plains ichthyoregion ...................................... 7 Methods ............................................................ 8 IBI sample collection ............................................. 8 Habitat measures............................................... 10 Habitat metrics ........................................... 12 The human disturbance gradient ................................... 15 IBI metrics and scoring criteria..................................... 19 Designation of guilds....................................... 20 Results and discussion................................................ 22 Sampling sites and collection results . 22 Selection and scoring of Southern Plains IBI metrics . 41 1. Number of native species ................................
    [Show full text]
  • Kyfishid[1].Pdf
    Kentucky Fishes Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources Kentucky Fish & Wildlife’s Mission To conserve, protect and enhance Kentucky’s fish and wildlife resources and provide outstanding opportunities for hunting, fishing, trapping, boating, shooting sports, wildlife viewing, and related activities. Federal Aid Project funded by your purchase of fishing equipment and motor boat fuels Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources #1 Sportsman’s Lane, Frankfort, KY 40601 1-800-858-1549 • fw.ky.gov Kentucky Fish & Wildlife’s Mission Kentucky Fishes by Matthew R. Thomas Fisheries Program Coordinator 2011 (Third edition, 2021) Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources Division of Fisheries Cover paintings by Rick Hill • Publication design by Adrienne Yancy Preface entucky is home to a total of 245 native fish species with an additional 24 that have been introduced either intentionally (i.e., for sport) or accidentally. Within Kthe United States, Kentucky’s native freshwater fish diversity is exceeded only by Alabama and Tennessee. This high diversity of native fishes corresponds to an abun- dance of water bodies and wide variety of aquatic habitats across the state – from swift upland streams to large sluggish rivers, oxbow lakes, and wetlands. Approximately 25 species are most frequently caught by anglers either for sport or food. Many of these species occur in streams and rivers statewide, while several are routinely stocked in public and private water bodies across the state, especially ponds and reservoirs. The largest proportion of Kentucky’s fish fauna (80%) includes darters, minnows, suckers, madtoms, smaller sunfishes, and other groups (e.g., lam- preys) that are rarely seen by most people.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Inland Fishes of Louisiana
    Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings Volume 1 Number 61 2021 Article 3 March 2021 Checklist of the Inland Fishes of Louisiana Michael H. Doosey University of New Orelans, [email protected] Henry L. Bart Jr. Tulane University, [email protected] Kyle R. Piller Southeastern Louisiana Univeristy, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/sfcproceedings Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Biodiversity Commons Recommended Citation Doosey, Michael H.; Bart, Henry L. Jr.; and Piller, Kyle R. (2021) "Checklist of the Inland Fishes of Louisiana," Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings: No. 61. Available at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/sfcproceedings/vol1/iss61/3 This Original Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by Volunteer, Open Access, Library Journals (VOL Journals), published in partnership with The University of Tennessee (UT) University Libraries. This article has been accepted for inclusion in Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings by an authorized editor. For more information, please visit https://trace.tennessee.edu/sfcproceedings. Checklist of the Inland Fishes of Louisiana Abstract Since the publication of Freshwater Fishes of Louisiana (Douglas, 1974) and a revised checklist (Douglas and Jordan, 2002), much has changed regarding knowledge of inland fishes in the state. An updated reference on Louisiana’s inland and coastal fishes is long overdue. Inland waters of Louisiana are home to at least 224 species (165 primarily freshwater, 28 primarily marine, and 31 euryhaline or diadromous) in 45 families. This checklist is based on a compilation of fish collections records in Louisiana from 19 data providers in the Fishnet2 network (www.fishnet2.net).
    [Show full text]
  • Per AM 39.Indb
    ARCHEOLOGIA MEDIEVALE Cultura materiale. Insediamenti. Territorio. Rivista fondata da Riccardo Francovich Comitato di Direzione: MARIA GRAZIA FIORE GIAN PIETRO BROGIOLO ALESSANDRA FRONDONI SAURO GELICHI (responsabile) CATERINA GIOSTRA FEDERICO MARAZZI Comitato Scientifico: ROBERTO MENEGHINI EGLE MICHELETTO GRAZIELLA BERTI MASSIMO MONTANARI LANFREDO CASTELLETTI GIOVANNI MURIALDO RINALDO COMBA CLAUDIO NEGRELLI PAOLO DELOGU HANS NORTHDURFTER RICHARD HODGES GABRIELLA PANTÒ ANTONIO MALPICA CUELLO HELEN PATTERSON GHISLAINE NOYÉ LUISELLA PEJRANI PAOLO PEDUTO PHILIPPE PERGOLA CARLO VARALDO RENATO PERINETTI CHRIS WICKHAM GIULIANO PINTO Redazione: MARCELLO ROTILI DANIELA ROVINA ANDREA AUGENTI LUCIA SAGUÌ GIOVANNA BIANCHI MARIAROSARIA SALVATORE ENRICO GIANNICHEDDA PIERGIORGIO SPANU CRISTINA LA ROCCA ANDREA R. STAFFA MARCO MILANESE DANIELA STIAFFINI ALESSANDRA MOLINARI STANISŁAW TABACZYŃSKI SERGIO NEPOTI (responsabile sezione scavi in Italia) BRYAN WARD PERKINS LIDIA PAROLI (capo redazione) DAVID WHITEHOUSE ALDO A. SETTIA MARCO VALENTI GUIDO VANNINI Autorizzazione del Presidente del Tribunale di Firenze n. 2356 del 31 luglio 1974 Corrispondenti: Indirizzi Redazione: PAUL ARTHUR VOLKER BIERBRAUER c/o Edizioni All’Insegna del Giglio s.a.s. HUGO BLAKE via della Fangosa, 38; 50032 Borgo San Lorenzo (FI); ENRICA BOLDRINI tel. +39 055 8450216; fax +39 055 8453188 MAURIZIO BUORA web site www.edigiglio.it FEDERICO CANTINI e-mail [email protected]; [email protected] GISELLA CANTINO WATAGHIN ENRICO CAVADA Abbonamenti 2013 NEIL CHRISTIE «Archeologia
    [Show full text]
  • Reveals Restricted Sex Chromosome Differentiati
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/549527; this version posted February 13, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Identification of the master sex determining gene in 2 Northern pike (Esox lucius) reveals restricted sex 3 chromosome differentiation 4 5 Qiaowei Pan1, Romain Feron1, Ayaka Yano1, René Guyomard2, Elodie Jouanno1, Estelle 6 Vigouroux1, Ming Wen1, Jean-Mickaël Busnel3, Julien Bobe1, Jean-Paul Concordet4, Hugues 7 Parrinello5, Laurent Journot5, Christophe Klopp6,7, Jérôme Lluch8, Céline Roques8, John 8 Postlethwait9, Manfred Schartl10, Amaury Herpin1, Yann Guiguen1& 9 10 &: Corresponding author. 11 12 1. INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France. 13 2. GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. 14 3. Fédération d’Ille-et-Vilaine pour la pêche et la protection du milieu aquatique 15 (FDPPMA35), 9 rue Kérautret Botmel – CS 26713 – 35067 RENNES 16 4. INSERM U1154, CNRS UMR7196, MNHN, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43 17 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. 18 5. MGX, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France. 19 6. Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de 20 Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France. 21 7. SIGENAE, GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France. 22 8. INRA, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/549527; this version posted February 13, 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of Toronto
    FISHES OF TORONTO A GUIDE TO THEIR REMARKABLE WORLD • City of Toronto Biodiversity Series • Imagine a Toronto with flourishing natural habitats and an urban environment made safe for a great diversity of wildlife species. Envision a city whose residents treasure their daily encounters with the remarkable and inspiring world of nature, and the variety of plants and animals who share this world. Take pride in a Toronto that aspires to be a world leader in the development of urban initiatives that will be critical to the preservation of our flora and fauna. Cover photo: Jon Clayton Trout in the Humber River – A migrating Brown Trout attempts to jump a weir near the Old Mill Bridge, just north of Bloor Street. Between late September and early November migrating trouts and salmons can be seen at any of the weirs in the Humber River upstream of Bloor Street. These weirs are barriers to fish migration and were modified (notched) to enable at least the larger jumping fishes to migrate upstream to their spawning grounds. The removal of these migration barriers is a significant component of efforts associated with the restoration of the previously extirpated (locally extinct) native Atlantic Salmon. City of Toronto © 2012 Northern Pike illustration: Charles Weiss ISBN 978-1-895739-63-3 1 “Indeed, in its need for variety and acceptance of randomness, a flourishing TABLE OF CONTENTS natural ecosystem is more like a city than like a plantation. Perhaps it will be Welcome from Margaret Atwood and Graeme Gibson ................. 2 the city that reawakens our understanding and appreciation of nature, in all Need for Action .........................................
    [Show full text]
  • (Esox Lucius) Reveals Restricted Sex Chromosome Differentiation
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Identification of the master sex determining gene in Northern pike (Esox lucius) reveals restricted sex chromosome differentiation 1,13 1,13 1 2 1 Qiaowei PanID , Romain FeronID , Ayaka Yano , Rene Guyomard , Elodie Jouanno , 1 1 3 1 Estelle VigourouxID , Ming Wen , Jean-MickaeÈl Busnel , Julien BobeID , Jean- 4 5 5 6,7 Paul Concordet , Hugues Parrinello , Laurent Journot , Christophe KloppID , 8 8 9 10,11,12 JeÂroà me Lluch , CeÂline Roques , John PostlethwaitID , Manfred SchartlID , 1 1 Amaury HerpinID , Yann GuiguenID * a1111111111 a1111111111 1 INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France, 2 GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Universite Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France, 3 FeÂdeÂration d'Ille-et-Vilaine pour la pêche et la protection du milieu a1111111111 aquatique (FDPPMA35), CS 26713, Rennes, France, 4 INSERM U1154, CNRS UMR7196, MNHN, MuseÂum a1111111111 National d'Histoire Naturelle, France, 5 Institut de GeÂnomique Fonctionnelle, IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Universite a1111111111 de Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 6 Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, MatheÂmatiques et Informatique AppliqueÂes de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France, 7 SIGENAE, GenPhySE, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France, 8 INRA, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France, 9 Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America, 10 University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, WuÈrzburg, Germany, 11 Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital, WuÈrzburg, Germany, 12 Hagler Institute for Advanced Study and Department OPEN ACCESS of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America, 13 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne,1015, Lausanne, Switzerland Citation: Pan Q, Feron R, Yano A, Guyomard R, Jouanno E, Vigouroux E, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Papua New Guinea Association of Australia Inc
    Land of the UnexpectedPAPUA NEW GUINEA Papua New Guinea Association of Australia Inc. National Pledge of PNG In 1995, on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of PNG Independence, the Papua New Guinea National Pledge became a key element of the National Identity Act. It is often recited at primary schools and high schools before the commencement of classes each day, and at government-based organisations, including National Parliament, Provincial Assembly and Local Level Government Assembly on each sitting day. Whilst there is ‘Freedom of Conscience, Thought and Religion’, the Constitution recognises that Papua New Guinea is a Christian country through its Preamble and the National Pledge. National Motto & Emblem We the people of Papua New Guinea, pledge ourselves, united in one nation. Unity in Diversity We pay homage to our cultural heritage, the source of our strength. The emblem is a partially-stylised representation of the widespread bird-of-paradise Genus( We pledge to build a democratic society based on justice, paradisaea), in display, head turned to its left, seated on the upturned grip of a horizontal equality, respect and prosperity for our people. We pledge to stand together as kundu drum with the drum-head to the right side of the bird, from behind which a —one people—one nation—one country. horizontal ceremonial spear projects with the head to the left of the bird. God Bless Papua New Guinea. National Flag National Anthem This is considered one of the most beautiful and spectacular country flags. It is divided O, arise all you sons of this land, diagonally into two triangular sections—half black and half red.
    [Show full text]
  • Learn About Texas Freshwater Fishes Activity Book
    Learn about . A Learning and Activity Book Color your own guide to the fishes that swim in Texas' rivers, streams and lakes. Editorial Direction and Text by Georg Zappler Art Direction and Illustrations by Elena T. Ivy Another "Learn about Texas" publication from TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE PRESS ISBN- 1-885696-36-1 © 2001 Texas Parks and Wildlife 4200 Smith School Road Austin, Texas 78744 PWD BK K0700-717 All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems—without written permission of the publisher. ii Table of Contents What, exactly, is a Fish? 1 The Place of Fishes in the Animal Kingdom 2 The Relationships of the Different Groups of Fishes 3 Taxonomy, or How Fishes Get Their Scientific Names 4 The External Parts of Fishes 5 The Internal Parts of Fishes 7 Fish Senses 10 How Fishes Swim 14 How and What Fishes Eat 14 How Fishes Reproduce 16 How Fishes Develop 18 The Origin of Fishes 19 Ancient Jawless Fishes — Ostracoderms 20 Modern Jawless Fishes — Lampreys and Hagfishes 21 First Fishes with Jaws — Acanthodians and Placoderms 22 Cartilaginous Fishes — Sharks, Rabbitfishes and Rays 24 Bony Fishes — Masters of the Water — Lungfishes, Lobe-finned Fishes and Ray-finned Fishes 26 Fish Families 30 - 80 Jawless Fishes - Class Agnatha: Lampreys — Family Petromyzontidae 30 Bony Fishes - Class Osteichthyes: Sturgeons — Family Acipenseridae 31 Paddlefish
    [Show full text]
  • Colorado's Little Fish a Guide to the Minnows and Other Lesser Known Fishes in the State of Colorado
    Colorado's Little Fish A Guide to the Minnows and Other Lesser Known Fishes in the State of Colorado. By John Woodling Designed and Edited by Russ Bromby Published June, 1985, by the COLORADO DIVISION OF WILDLIFE Department of Natural Resources 6060 Broadway, Denver, CO 80216 Telephone: 303/297-1192 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people helped in the preparation of this book. Without their aid, comple- tion of the work would have been impossible. To these people I offer my most sincere thanks and appreciation. Charles Bennett, Gerald Bennett, Steve Burge, James Chadwick, Scott Chartier, Larry Finnell, John Goettl, Mike Japhet, Bob Judy, Rick Kahn, Robin Knox, Mike McAllister, Charlie Munger, Dave Ruiter, Jay Sarason, Clee Sealing, Jay Stafford, Roger Trout, Bill Weiler, Bill Wiltzius, Lawrence Zuckerman and others all spent time and effort in locating records, collecting, and in some cases, transporting live fish across large distances. Jim Bennett, Charles Haynes and Dave Miller not only helped locating specimens but reviewed large portions of text. Wilbur BoIdt provided needed assistance in obtaining and maintaining funds to produce this book. Gil Dalrymple, Carol Dreitz and Pat Barnett spent many hours typing the manuscript. Special thanks to Marian Herschopf, whose diligent efforts produced many obscure documents and materials essential to production of this text. PREFACE Colorado's Little Fish is a bit of a misnomer. Some species included in this book attain a length of greater than one foot and weigh in excess of three pounds. Specimens of one fish in the book, the Colorado squawfish, have been recorded up to 65 pounds.
    [Show full text]