Wycinanki Niezaplanowane... V Konkurs Sztuki Ludowej Unplanned Cut-Outs

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Wycinanki Niezaplanowane... V Konkurs Sztuki Ludowej Unplanned Cut-Outs Muzeum Częstochowskie 2012 Wycinanki niezaplanowane... V Konkurs Sztuki Ludowej Unplanned Cut-outs... 5th Folk Art Contest Dyrektor Muzeum Częstochowskiego Komisarz wystawy Janusz Jadczyk Elżbieta Miszczyńska Komitet Organizacyjny Redakcja techniczna i korekta katalogu V Konkursu Sztuki Ludowej Katarzyna Jezierska Andżelika Bilska Agnieszka Ciuk Fotografie Anna Grad Przemysław Januszko Katarzyna Jezierska Elżbieta Miszczyńska Projekt okładki Joanna Półka i opracowanie graficzne katalogu Bogusław Nikonowicz Redakcja naukowa katalogu PPHU Drukpol sp.j. Elżbieta Miszczyńska ul. Kochanowskiego 27 42-600 Tarnowskie Góry Teksty katalogu Andżelika Bilska Wydawca Agnieszka Ciuk Muzeum Częstochowskie Katarzyna Jezierska www.muzeumczestochowa.pl Magdalena Matysik Elżbieta Miszczyńska © Copyright by Muzeum Częstochowskie Joanna Półka Częstochowa 2012 Tłumaczenia na język angielski Slavis ISBN 978-83-601281-8-3 Jerzy i Michał Wiewiór ul. Jeleniowska 177 25-550 Kielce Druk PPHU Drukpol sp.j. Scenariusz i koncepcja wystawy ul. Kochanowskiego 27 Andżelika Bilska 42-600 Tarnowskie Góry Agnieszka Ciuk Elżbieta Miszczyńska Na przodzie okładki rózga Aleksandra Dutkiewicza Bożena Mszyca i wycinanka „Stwórz, o Boże, we mnie Joanna Półka serce czyste...” Ayali Ophir Wycinanka Paper cut-outs Z radia muzyka płynie Music can be heard from the radio radośnie serce bije, the heart beats joyously leży papier na stole paper lies on the table czuję że ja żyję. I feel I am alive. Biorę papier odruchowo I take the paper automatically składam go raz i drugi, I fold it once and again nożyczki leżą obok the scissors are right by i nagle coś wychodzi. and now all of a sudden something comes out. I tak często powstają This is often the way unplanned wycinanki niezaplanowane, cut-outs are made, są takie piękne they are so beautiful i jak dziecko kochane. and loved like children. /Maria Gleń, l. 79/ /Maria Gleń, 79/ 3 „Z folklorem zrobiono wszystko, co się zrobić dało ”Folklore has been subject to all approaches, i to, co było zupełnie niemożliwe, even such that were considered impossible, wykorzystywano go we wszystkich możliwych it has been used in all possible situations sytuacjach i do celów rozmaitych. and for all kinds of purposes. Problem można byłoby sprowadzić do zasadnicze- The problem could be reduced to a fundamental go pytania o to, co i dlaczego uczyniono z folklorem question: what has been done to folklore and folk i kulturą ludową we współczesności”. art in the contemporary times, and why?”. /prof. Piotr Kowalski/ /Prof. Piotr Kowalski/ Tekst opublikowany przez prof. Piotra Kowalskiego The text was published by Prof. Piotr Kowalski in w „Kontekstach. Polskiej Sztuce Ludowej” (nr 1, 1992) “Konteksty. Polska Sztuka Ludowa” (Contexts. Pol- skłania do refleksji. Ukazuje polski folkloryzm i jego ish Folk Art) (No. 1, 1992) and it makes us reflect. dwuaspektowość – ofertę komercyjną (w polskiej sy- It presents Polish folklore and its dual aspects – the tuacji – decyzje polityki kulturalnej), oraz społeczną commercial offer (in Poland – decisions of cultural prawdę (rynkowe zapotrzebowania konsumentów) policy) and social truth (consumer demand) as most jako niezwykle ważne czynniki naszej kultury. important factors of our culture. Jedno jest pewne – kultura ludowa jest wciąż żywa, One thing is certain – folk culture remains live, de- mimo upływu czasu i postępów cywilizacji sięgamy spite the elapsed time and civilisation progress we do wzorców, do naszej bogatej tradycji i do korzeni. revert to our models, to our rich tradition and to our Być może stąd tak popularny etnodizajn, który był, roots. Perhaps that is a reason for such popular eth- jest i będzie – mimo wszystko – modnym trendem. no design, which despite all obstacles has been, and Muzeum Częstochowskie po raz piąty zorgani- will be a fashionable trend. zowało Konkurs Sztuki Ludowej – tym razem do The Częstochowa Museum for the fifth time or- udziału zaprosiliśmy nie tylko cenionych artystów, ganised the Folk Art Contest – this time we invited tworzących wycinanki ludowe polskie, ale i żydow- renowned artistes creating folk paper cut-outs, Pol- skie. Tak jak oczekiwaliśmy, konkurencja była duża ish and Jewish. Like we expected, the competition i Jury miało nie lada problem, wybierając prace naj- was keen and the Jury had real problems to select lepsze, najpiękniejsze, najciekawsze. Takie, które the best, most beautiful and most interesting works. warto zobaczyć, a może zapamiętać – kodry, leluje, Such that are worth seeing and even remembering gwiazdy, mazury... łowickie, kurpiowskie, sannickie, – “kodras”, “lelujas”, stars, masurian... from Łowicz, opoczyńskie... Wycinanki na pewno niezwykle war- Kurpie, Sanniki, Opoczno... No doubt, those paper tościowe. Przypominać mogą o folkloryzmie i jego cut-outs are very valuable. They remind of folklore 4 roli w polskiej kulturze, o tym, jak istotne jest czer- and its role in Polish culture, of the importance of panie z narodowej przeszłości, z ludowości – ale resorting to nation’s history, from folk art – but they mogą też, co bardzo ważne w XXI wieku – stanowić can also act as inspiration which is so important in inspirację. 21st century. Mamy nadzieję, że wystawa pokonkursowa Wy- We hope that the post-contest exhibition, Un- cinanki niezaplanowane spodoba się Państwu. Być planned Paper Cuts, will be of interest to you. Per- może, patrząc na piękne wytwory ludzkich rąk – na haps looking at those beautiful products of human wycinanki – ktoś z Państwa sięgnie po kolorowy hands – the paper cut-outs – some of you will reach papier i nożyce, ktoś inny wykorzysta nowo pozna- for colour paper and scissors, some other use the ne formy dekorując dom, a ktoś jeszcze zaczyta się newly discovered forms to decorate their home and w tekstach popularnonaukowych z zakresu etnogra- some others will read popular science texts on eth- fii, poszerzając swą wiedzę o kulturze ludowej. nography extending their knowledge on folk art. Janusz Jadczyk Janusz Jadczyk Dyrektor Muzeum Częstochowskiego Director of the Częstochowa Museum Kurpie Sannickie Rawskie, Opoczyńskie Łowickie Lubelskie Sieradzkie Kieleckie Wycinanki Paper cut-outs kieleckie from Kielce Źródła podają lata 70. XIX wieku jako pewną datę The sources refer to the 1870s as the verified time istnienia wycinankarstwa w Kieleckiem1. Zanikać, when paper cutting began in the Kielce region1. In w swojej tradycyjnej postaci, zaczęło wraz z wybu- its traditional form, it started to vanish at the time chem I wojny światowej. Najstarsze wycinanki kielec- of World War I. The oldest paper cut-outs from kie wykonane są z kolorowego papieru glansowane- Kielce were made of colour glossy paper; they are go, mają układ centralny, wieloosiowy, przeważają centrally located, with many axes, usually with ab- w nich motywy abstrakcyjne. Przed I wojną światową stract motifs. Before World War I there were usu- wycinano głównie nieduże, koliste formy. Wycinanki ally small circular forms. Those made in the period późniejsze, z okresu międzywojennego, są większe, between the two world wars were larger, cut out cięte z całego arkusza papieru i częściej mają kształt from a sheet of paper and most often square in kwadratu. Na wykształcenie się nowej, kwadratowej form. The new square form may have been devel- formy mogły mieć wpływ zajęcia plastyczne w szko- oped as a result of art classes at school. The open- łach. Ażurowe, najczęściej jednobarwne, grubo cięte work usually single-colour, coarse cut circles are kółka zwane są w regionie cyrkami lub gwiazdami. called circuses or stars in the region. Circuses may Cyrki przybierają też kwadratowy kształt. Dwie ażu- also be square in shape. Two open-work scarves, rowe szarfy, sklejone ze sobą u góry małą, kolistą glued together at the top with a small circle, used cyrką nazywano pannami młodymi. to be called brides. Rzadko pojawiały się motywy roślinne, które przy- Vegetation motifs were not that frequent – usually bierały kształt rózgi, czyli grubo ciętego drzewka they were in the form of rods or a coarse cut tree in w donicy, albo zwierzęce – zazwyczaj kurki i koguty. a pot, or animal motifs – usually hens and roosters. Trochę częstsze, ale także mało powszechne, były More frequent, although not very popular, were an- motywy antropomorficzne, w postaci lalek, ciętych thropomorphic motifs like dolls cut out from a strip z paska papieru, z których wyróżnić można postacie of paper with female, male and child figures. kobiece, męskie oraz dziecięce. 1 J. Czajkowski, Wycinanki kielecko-radomskie (Paper cut-outs 1 J. Czajkowski, Wycinanki kielecko-radomskie, „Polska Sztuka Lu- from Kielce and Radom), “Polska Sztuka Ludowa” (“Polish Folk dowa”, nr 4–5, R. X 1956. Art”), No. 4–5, vol. X 1956. 7 Wycinanki Paper cut-outs kurpiowskie from Kurpie Najbardziej charakterystyczną i rozwiniętą formą Paper cut-outs are the most characteristic and devel- sztuki ludowej Kurpi są wycinanki. Nie są one jed- oped form of folk art in Kurpie. They are not uniform nolite w całym regionie – ich wyraźne zróżnicowanie throughout the region – the distinct differentiation wynika z podziału obszaru na Puszczę Białą i Puszczę is due to the split of the area into the White Forest Zieloną. W II połowie XIX wieku zaczęto wykonywać and Green Forest. In the second half of 19th century barwne wycinanki z kolorowego glansowanego pa- there were colourful cut-outs made of glossy paper pieru w określonych formach – koła, zielka i leluje. in specific forms –circles , herbs and “lelujas”. Pierwsze wzmianki na temat wycinanek z Kurpi Paper cut-outs from Kurpie are first mentioned pochodzą z 1881 roku. Wiktor Czajewski wspomina in 1881. Wiktor Czajewski mentions curtains cut o firankach wycinanych z papieru1. W „Wiśle” z lipca out from paper1. In “Wisła” (“Vistula”) of July 1886 1886 roku zamieszczono notatkę o Kurpiankach wy- a note was published about women from Kurpie, cinających z kolorowych papierów „najrozmaitszych who out of colour paper were cutting out “all kinds figur koni, smoków, kwiatów, dziwacznych jakichś of figures of horses, dragons, flowers, strange ani- zwierząt, które później przyklejają na ścianach w cha- mals that they later on were hanging on walls in their łupie obok obrazków ku ozdobie izby mieszkalnej”2.
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