^ WITNESS I SEPTEMBER, 1970 10* publication. and

reuse Editorial for

required Problem: To Leave or Stick

Permission William B. Gray DFMS. /

Church Articles

Episcopal A Word to Young People the of Alfred B. Starratt Archives

2020. Open Letter to Pope Paul

Copyright Ivan Illich

NEWS: Convention will get Proposals Urging Moving Headquarters. Dom Helder Calls Inequalities Breed Violence. World's Crime Caused by Urbanization SERVICES The Witness SERVICES In Leading Churches In Leading Churches For Christ and His Chwch

NEW YORK CITY EDITORIAL BOARD ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH Tenth Street, above Chestnut THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH PHILADELPHIA, PBNNA. OF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE JOHN MoGnx KJOMU, Chairman The Rev. Alfred W. Price, D.D., Ktctot Sunday: Holy Communion 8, 9, 10, g W. B. SPOVVOBD Sa., Managing Editor The Rev. Roger Pickering Player, Holy Communion and Sermon. 11; Minister to the Deaf EnwiKD J. MOHB, Editorial Assistant Organ Recital, 3:30; Evensong, 4. Sunday: 9 and 11 a.m. 3:30 p-m. aa4 Morning Prayer and Holy Communion 7:15 O. SYDNEY BASS; LEE A. BBLFORD; ROSCOB 5:30 p.m. (and 10 Wed.); Evening Piayei, 3:30. Weekdays: Tues., Wed., Thurs., Fri., 12l30 • T. FODST; RICHARD E. GABY; GOBSOH C 12:55 p.m. THE PARISH OF TRINITY CHURCH GHAHAM; DAVID JOHmoif; HABOLD R. LAH- Services of Spiritual Healing, Thurs. 12t3« and 5:30 p.m. Rev. John V. Butler, Rector DON; LESLIE J. A. LANG; BENJAMIN Mrjarn. TRINITY CHRIST CHURCH publication. Broadway & Wall St. CAMBRIDGE, MAS*. Rev. Donald R. Woodward, Vicar The Rev. W. Murray Kenney, RecUn and Sunday Services: 8:00, 9:15 and 11:15 ••» Sun. MP 8:40, 10:30, HC 8, 9, 10, 11. EDITORIALS: - The Editorial Board hold, Daily MP 7:45, HC 8, 12, Set. 12:30 Wednesday 12:10 and 5:30 p.m. reuse Tue*., Wed. & Thurs., EP 5:15 ex. Sat.j monthly meetings when current Isiuei before the Church are disniiwH. They are dealt for Sat. HC 8; C Fri. 4:30 & by appt. CHRIST CHURCH, DBTROIT with in subsequent numbers but do not 976 East Jefferson Avenue ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL necessarily represent the unanimous opinion Broadway & Fulton St. The Rev. Frank J. Haynes, Rector of the editors. 8 and 9 a.m. Holy Communion (lin |HW required Rev. Robert C. Hunsicker, Vicar served following 9 a.m. service) 11 aJ«u Sun. HC 8, MP & HC Set. 10, Weekday! Church School and Morning Service. Hatf MP & HC 8, HC 12:05, 1:05, 7:15 alto CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Days 6 p.m. Holy Communion. Holy Dayi (ex. Sat.); EP 5:10 (ex. Sat. 1:30); Counsel and C 10:30-1:30 daily, THOMAS V. BABBITT; JOHN PAIBMAN BBOWN;

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FOR CHRIST AND HIS CHURCH EdUoriai and Publication Offiee, Eaton Rood, Tunkkanmoek, Pa. 18667 Story of the Week

sees even the missions a respon- Convention will Get Proposals sibility delegated to provinces. Whether an would publication. That Headquarters be Moved also be the head of a diocese

and within his province would be a * Reduction of the provinces Washington, D. C, where the question for each province to reuse of the Episcopal Church from Presiding Bishop has an official decide according to its own need. for nine to six and heading each by seat in the cathedral, and to A province that might include an archbishop are proposed by- Florida. the urban centers of New York, Rhode Island as a means of de- Newark, Philadelphia and Wash- required Such moves would trade the centralizing activities. ington "might need an arch- image of the church "as deeply bishop with no other commit- An editorial in the diocesan involved with the financial world ments." monthly calls, as did the annual of New York for the image of Permission the church as deeply involved The magazine sees provincial convention last May, for sale of synods meeting annually or the national headquarters at 815 with the political world of Washington," or Florida would more often as need arises, with- DFMS. Second Ave., in New York and / out undue expense or undue dis- greater autonomy for the prov- link it "in the public mind with recreation, resorts, and retire- ruption of the life schedule of inces. participants. Church ment. The editorial notes that many "Already the church is too It sees many matters affect- dioceses, in addition to Rhode ing the whole church being set- Island "have urged serious con- often considered the part-time

Episcopal hobby of its membership, rather tled "by fairly frequent meet- sideration of decentralization. ings of the House of Archbish- the The cry is heard over and over: than as the vital, central concern of of all life.'- ops, or the semi- occasional ses- 'sell 815 — get out of New sions of the House of Bishops." York'." The present provinces have little to do because the work of It would convert the General Archives Written by the Rev. Edwin K. the church and decisions regard- Packard, editor, the editorial Convention into a small body ing it are main functions of the consisting of the House of Arch- 2020. says that "most of the work of Executive Council and other bishops, House of Bishops, and the national headquarters and of agencies of General Convention. the Executive Council can be clerical and lay deputies elected by the provinces rather than by

Copyright better and more effectively done The R. I. proposal would have on a provincial basis." The paper each province largely autono- more than 90 dioceses as at sees the question of a new or- mous "with effective jurisdic- present. ganizational structure for the tion and authority, both for its It would have the General church as a top item at the Gen- archbishop and for its legisla- Convention meet perhaps every eral Convention in Houston, Oct. tive synod." five years with the bishops and 11-22. It does not suggest an al- meeting together It would leave only matters frequently during the interim. ternative location for national which cannot be handled on the headquarters and it would make provincial level to the Presiding In calling for decentralization the senior archbishop in point Bishop and a small national and sale of the New York head- of consecration the presiding staff. Such matters would in- quarters, the R. I. convention bishop. clude the Pension Fund for its supported suggestions made by It turns down suggestions clergy, its liturgy and overseas Bishop John Higgins and asked that headquarters be moved to missions, although the editorial its deputies to the Houston con- I SEPTKMBEB, 1970 Three vention to "take such action as employees to a "think tank" develop a life- consistent they may deem appropriate to operation, eliminating most of with this mission." carry out the suggestions." the church's national programs In the prepared text, Dom The diocesan convention had and giving the Presiding Bishop Helder said he planned to urge earlier applauded Bishop Hig- "pastoral oversight of all other the Pentagon to change its po- gins' suggestions which included bishops, as a primary responsi- litical philosophy so that "the reducing the Executive Council bility." number one war, the only war, becomes . . . the war against misery, against underdevelop- ment, against racism, against Dom Helder Calls Inequalities imperialism." Major Breeders of Violence The archbishop said the Pen- tagon should "seek for itself an * The "panic of the priv- home unexpectedly because of a even greater glory than that of ileged" — a cry of "subversion" flash flood in Recife. Excerpts having contributed to the effort publication. or "communism" used by those from his prepared speech were to take men to the moon." He described the glory of "helping and in places of wealth and influence released later. when threatened — is making At the award presentation, to eliminate the cause of misery, first of all within the U.S., but reuse less of an impression on the the archbishop called for a con- also throughout the world." for traditional supporters of the ference of leaders from all non- privileged, the church and the violent movements in the world He was saddened by the death armed services, according to next April, on the third anniver- and kidnapping of a U.S. aide in required Archbishop Helder Pessoa sary of the assassination of Dr. Camara. Uruguay. He condemned such King. acts along with police brutal- Discussing the dimensions of ities and torture, adding that violence in the world, the Bra- Dom Helder proposed that Permission SCLC call such a meeting in At- events in Uruguay were part of zilian said that persons the "spiral of violence" created who refuse to surrender "unfair lanta. He noted that some non- violent movements are linked to by polarizations all around the DFMS. / privileges" are the major breed- globe. ers of violence. He said he was the memory of the late Mahat- happy to report an indication ma Gandhi of India and some to On what he called an Amer- Church that some church and military the work of Dr. King. ican "pilgrimage," Dom Helder men believe "it is shameful and "Some are religious, other met with Cynthia Wedel, presi- wrong to protect inhuman struc- dent of the National Council of lay," he said. "But all of them Churches; Archbishop Thomas Episcopal tures which generate slavery." urgently need to rekindle the A. Donnellan of , Mrs. the He said the church and armies flame. They seem rather puz- Coretta Scott King, and officers of have always been the major sup- zled by the growth of violence, of the leadership conference. porters of the privileged, those by the spiral of violence, in who "denounce subversion, un- which man is caught nowadays." He visited Dr. King's grave Archives rest and communism" when with Abernathy and Mrs. Wedel. The Rev. Ralph David Aber- Last March, Abernathy went

2020. their privileges are threatened. nathy, president, and other of- with Dom Helder to the grave of On the military side, he saw ficials expressed interest in the Fr. Henrique P. Neto, a young the Peruvian army as one de- idea. "We will do anything in Brazilian priest murdered by Copyright serving careful attention in the our power to work with the what were believed to be right- on-going Latin American strug- other world movements repre- ist terrorists. gle against poverty and injus- senting the poor and who are tice. dedicated to non-violence," said Abernathy. Dom Helder — as the arch- FOR SALE: SPINET PIANO bishop of Olinde and Recife is Abernathy visited Dom Hel- known to many inside and out of der in Recife last March. In pre- Wanted, responsible party to take Brazil — was in Atlanta to re- senting the King award, he de- over a spinet piano. Easy terms ceive the annual Martin Luther scribed the archbishop as a man available. Can be seen locally. King Jr. award from the South- who insists "that the church of Write: ern Christian Leadership Con- Jesus Christ must make com- Credit Manager ference. mon cause with the poor, the op- P. O. Box 35 He was scheduled to make a pressed, and the outcasts of the Cortland, Ohio 44410 major address but was called world, and that the church must Four THE WITNBM standards of living and the Urbanization Cited as Main greatest volume of crime. More important than other Cause for World's Crime factors contributing to crime, he pointed out, is the migration of * With urbanization pin- operation and, in particular, to ycuth to cities and the loss of pointed as the main underlying make technical assistance avail- traditional controls, like the cause of increased crime able. family and the church. throughout the world, churches "The problem of crime in its "The answer lies, not in pun- were called upon to play a sig- new dimensions," it said, "is ishment," he went on, "but in nificant role in the creation of a considered far more serious than social and economic planning, sense of community in large at any other time in the long and it is hoped that the develop- urban centers. history of the congresses ex- ing countries will learn from the It was suggested during the tending over a period of almost mistakes of the west." UN special congress on crime 100 years." Delegates from some nations, publication. prevention which ended in Reportedly, there was little like Malaysia, said they had been and Kayoto, Japan on August 26 support at the congress for the able to counteract some of the that church action could "drive conventional view that crimin- adverse effects of urbanization reuse out the curse of anonymity" als are wicked men needing to by creating a sense of communi- for that plagues the migration of be punished. Evidence from the ty in large population centers, peoples, especially youth, to the five continents pointed to cer- while also attempting to set up cities. tain social conditions as being industries and cultural centers required Some 1,100 delegates from 82 crime-producing. in rural areas to prevent the migration of youth to the cities. nations attended the congress A consensus at the congress and heard Philip de Seynes, UN The problem of rebellious held that preventative measures youth permeated congress de- Permission undersecretary for economic and must be based on a scientific social affairs, warn that crimin- bates and reference was re- understanding of causative fac- peatedly made to those crimes ality was becoming the price tors and that enough knowledge

DFMS. which had emerged since the / that must be paid when eco- had been accumulated by re- nomic and social reforms are last congress in Stockholm five searchers to enable nations to years ago — aircraft hi-jacking, withheld. make a beginning. Church student violence and drug abuse. Noting the vast increase in vi- Referring to the crime prob- A majority of delegates recog- olent protest and drug addiction lem in the , Mar- nized that forms of protest now as law enforcement problems, shall Clinard of the University

Episcopal prevalent fostered some crimes, De Seynes said "we have sud- of Wisconsin said that if law but they stated that total re- the denly become overwhelmed by enforcement groups and civil ad- of pression by punitive measures the scale of the phenomena and ministrators had the knowledge would only lead to more hostili- perplexed by their novelty." 20 years ago that they have now ty and harness the idealism of

Archives The congress was preceded by the present alarming situation youth for peaceful and construc- regional conferences on crime could have been avoided. tive change.

2020. prevention in Africa, Asia, Latin "Crime," he told the dele- America and the Mideast. Its It was the consensus that it gates, "is related to the cities. was necessary to involve young overall theme was "crime and We have allowed our urban com- development." people in plans for social de- Copyright munities to grow bigger and velopment and recognize the The 10-day-session ended with bigger. And now we see that the need for protest against oppres- a formal resolution calling for larger the city the higher the sive structures in society. national and international action crime rate. Instead of looking to In its final declarations, the to intensify crime prevention, the motivation of the individual congress stated that the rapid and governments were urged to criminal, we have to examine changes in the patterns of crime "coordinate and step up their the social situation. Our real in the last 25 years have out- efforts within the context of problem is urbanization." stripped changes in criminal law national plans for economic and Clinard disclaimed the idea and penal codes. social development." that crime is related to poverty, "A bold and creative ap- The declaration urged the UN observing that India, one of the proach" to the reshaping of law and other international organi- poorest of countries, has one of was urged if countries were to zations to give high priority to the lowest crime rates. Sweden meet effectively the challenges the strengthening of world co- and the U.S. have the highest of modern society. But it Ts?rned I SBPTBMBBB, 1970 against facile solutions through In line with the call for co- valued Anglican patterns are the imposition of severe legal operation from Christian and being nudged out. The great pat- sanctions. other religious groups in the terns of Anglicanism have de- treatment of criminals, it was veloped within the relationship The congress underlined the pointed out that the emphasis is to Canterbury. The Archbishop importance of closer public co- clearly shifting from imprison- of Canterbury is a member of operation in crime prevention, ment to social case-work within the council in his own right, and particularly from youth, commu- the community. its president. He will always be nity groups and ex-offenders. And it was asserted that this in the chair for the first session Noting that the mass media fre- new approach could only succeed of its meetings. For the rest the quently gave a distorted or sen- with the support of the public. council will elect its chairman. sationalized picture of crime, it And the churches, the congress suggested that seminars be held said, have a significant role in The council will meet every for editorial writers and others. year and its elected standing securing that support. committee in the intervening years. This should provide a publication. Anglican Consultative Council continuity in the affairs and and thinking of the Anglican com- munion which previously has reuse Meets First Time in Kenya been lacking, and which can be

for of the first importance. Change By Bishop John Howe in different countries over the and development are rapid in Executive Officer of the years. This helps to make it the contemporary world, not required least in the things that concern Anglican Communion clear that membership of the very international, inter-racial the church — human society, Anglican family is shared by theology, ecumenics, political * The Anglican Church, with ethics. Permission some 45 million members spread everybody on equal terms. This around the globe, has no consti- basic characteristic of the new But in such a world context, tution but shares a great deal in council is ensured in other ways the new council can look small DFMS. / common. One common feature is too. At a Lambeth conference, and rather frail. It is small; and that each of the twenty or more because all the bishops come, its usefulness remains to be member churches of the family some churches have more than proved. There are 55 members. Church is autonomous — the list runs ten times as many representa- The frailty in its structure lies Australia, Burma, Canada, Cen- tives as others. On the council in there being only two or three tral Africa, England, and so on a few big churches have three members from each church — a Episcopal to West Indies. The very real members and all the rest two slender feedback to the parent the affinity and common life within each. As a result, whereas at the bodies. The smallness can be a of this diverse family owes much last Lambeth conference the strength, however, because it to a habit of consultation. For a North Atlantic and Australasian facilitates fluent discussion in century Lambeth conferences countries provided 75% of the council sessions rather than set- Archives have been the characteristic members, at Limuru they will piece debates; it is less ponder- major consultation. That confer- provide less than 50%. Nomina- ous, and makes financially pos- 2020. ence meets only once in ten tions for the council are not yet sible a desirable frequency of years and is of bishops only. quite complete, but it is clear meetings. How adequate the Something more nimble and that half the individual mem- feedback to the churches be- Copyright available is needed in a world of bers will be "European" and half comes will probably be decided contemporary pace and pressure. "non - European". This looks by the hard test of the quality In 1968 the Lambeth conference more like a family gathering. of work the council achieves. So itself proposed what we hope What else is new? The mem- the members for the first three will be the answer: the Anglican bers are not only bishops. There or four meetings carry a special consultative council. In 1971, will also be clergy and lay peo- responsibility. from 23rd February to 5th ple, men and women. Each March, the new council meets church will choose its own. In Some apprehension has been for the first time. addition there are six co-opted expressed that the creation of lay members, two of whom are this council might indicate that It will meet in Limuru, Kenya. women and two are people under the Anglican communion is in- This in itself is significant. The 28. If some of that is not quite creasingly preoccupied with it- meetings are not a Lambeth or in the tradition, it does not fol- self at a time when ecumenicity London fixture, but will be held low that traditional and deeply (.Continued on Page Ten) Six THB WITNESS EDITORIAL

the institutional church, perhaps more strongly Problem: To Leave or Stick felt in Protestantism than in Roman Catholicism, as the Protestant church has never claimed the By William B. Gray kind of loyalty that Rome has. Under the argu- Director of Communications, Trinity Parish, New York ment of freedom, the Protestant has not felt it as necessary to attend church every Sunday, for TURNING AWAY from the church as it actively instance; he has often questioned the Roman responds to current issues might be tagged "the Catholic's attending because he was told to do so Peter Syndrome" after the episode in which Peter by the pope. Yet it might be argued that many publication. denied knowing Jesus at the most crucial time of Protestants have adopted the biblical tithe as a our Lord's life — his trial for confronting the and necessity for their commitment to Christ. This, religio-political establishment of his time. too, is changing.

reuse Peter as a withdrawing person may be the Now the problem has become acute as the pre- for archetype of the church's conservative member, at least of the one who wishes to preserve the server of the status-quo sees that he connot win. status-quo. I hesitate to use the term "conserva- "Win," too, is an unfortunate term as this has be- required tive" as I have found some very liberal people come a "win-lose" proposition rather than an evo- anxious to preserve the status-quo within the lutionary situation requiring revolutionary speed church, desiring to continue medieval forms of in order for the church to be "reluctantly dragged into the 20th century," as the late Bishop James

Permission worship, willing to administer the institution with a quill pen, preserving the dichotomy between the A. Pike was fond of saying. church and the world, using the church for a Many people today are saying that they have DFMS. / momentary escape from the world in which they had enough. They are withdrawing their financial are thoroughly engaged. support from the institutional church, sometimes as individuals and sometimes as groups who are Church I heard a paper read by a self-avowed "agnos- tic" deploring the "new theology" and new church advocating withholding pledges until the church architecture. He was complaining because the new turns around, which in reality means turns back. They are unhappy with the involvement of the Episcopal theological thinking destroyed his straw-men and institution in the social sphere, and they are sup- the the new architecture did not fill him with awe as of did the old European cathedrals. Yet he attacked ported, by and large, by the type of theological the church for not dealing with issues, and obvi- education, or lack of it, which they have received. ously he found nothing going on to which he could They are victims of the church's teaching and Archives commit himself. they have not been given the knowledge that there are other options; that the church really has a 2020. Acute Situation role beyond preserving the status-quo. THE LIBERALS who have pulled out of the No Place to Go Copyright church in the past decade are not running back with support for the new life which seems to be SOME of these people are opting for other evident in the institutional response to the world. branches of Christ's body, but it seems that there Thus the rock of the institutional church has is really no escape. While they are running to been the preserver of the status-quo. He likes it more escapist-type congregations, as the liberals like it is; he has changed some; he has been will- used to run to the Unitarian Church, the world is ing to let some new forms slip in when he had to right behind them demanding that the church face either the factor of change or the continued face the issues which are inflicting pain on God's loss of young people. He can be appealed to for people. his missionary fervor, but he would as soon con- One of the hopes for the church lies in the con- duct the mission as of old, changing hearts rather tinued confrontation by disaffected people. With- than trying to change hearts and society. out arguing the merits of the black manifesto, it This has surfaced all sorts of problems within is significant that it was delivered to the church.

I SEPTEMBER, 1970 Seven The poor and the oppressed continue to seek re- will be up to the few remaining to support the dress and healing from the body of Christ as the church, and if that is the way the Holy Spirit poor and oppressed reached out to Jesus for wants it, it will not be all bad, but it will be a dif- health. ferent church from the institution we have seen There is no question that the church is being so far in the 20th century. hurt financially by the action of those who have What has not been communicated well is how had enough. They are withholding funds, affect- the Holy Spirit acts in the councils of the church, ing budgets, putting clergy out of work. It is pos- or that he acts at all. If he cannot be thought to sible that the institutional forms, at least outside be guiding such councils at the South Bend con- the Roman , are going to be vention, Vatican Council II, the general assembly changed accordingly. This is not likely to be a of the National Council of Churches, or of the change back to the status-quo, however; it will World Council, then he cannot be thought of as more likely be an end to the institutions as we having provided guidance to any council in the have known them, with more emphasis being life of the church. It is not likely that any one publication. placed on parish programs and congregational individual can determine in which councils the and polity. Holy Spirit has been active and in which he has The Episcopal Church is feeling the pinch of its not, depending on whether or not the action of reuse action at its General Convention at South Bend the council was to his liking; yet this is precisely for which authorized the voluntary collection of what the person is doing who leaves the church $200,000 for the National Committee of Black because he does not like the current thrust. Churchmen and $100,000 for work among Indians required and Eskimos. If this person now denies God the Holy Spirit as Peter denied God the Christ, and does not The Church was still reeling from the impact of regird himself with faith and return, he may be its special program authorized in Seattle in 1967, Permission bringing to a close not only those actions within which by the end of 1970 will have put nine mil- the church which offend him, but also those lion dollars into community organizations with no which fulfill him. DFMS.

/ strings attached. This turning away from the institution by the And no longer can one fragment of Christ's preservers of the status-quo means for the di- body say that it is the other's problem as we have Church ocese of Virginia, for instance, that it has virtual- been doing for so long. We cannot say that only ly no diocesan programs in 1970, that it has had the Roman Catholic layman has to deal with his to cut its small staff, and has had to reduce sup- church's stand on birth control; that the Southern Episcopal port to some of its aided missions. The diocese Baptist layman has to deal with his church's view the on the inerrancy of the Bible. of needed an income of at least a million dollars to keep its current program going in 1970, yet par- Even the more evangelical bodies today are ish pledges were $100,000 less than the 1969 bud- saying that the church has to be more involved in Archives get of about $850,000. This meant cutting back social action, so that there is really no hiding place support of national programs. The diocese has

2020. left, no matter how small or how great the de- never taken that action in the past. gree of action. Heart changing and society chang- ing are merging in mission. New Institution

Copyright In 1969, two bumper stickers representing two WHAT IS SAD is that the conservator of the different ideologies appeared. One said, "America, status-quo is really eliminating a lot of purely love it or leave it." The other, "America, improve status-quo programs when he reacts to the social it or leave it." Neither really gives an option, as action involvement by withholding pledges. In one cannot leave if he loves and wants to improve. 1969, the amount of money going into poverty The opportunity for Americans and for Christians and race amounted to only a fraction of the in- is to love and improve, both country and church. dividual's pledge, or 3/5ths of 1# of the average A new era of ecumenical need faces the whole individual dollar pledged in the Virginia diocese. church, the need for individuals and groups of in- Unless the church can come up with some solid dividuals to reach across the fences separating theological answers, and unless the person who is neighbor from neighbor, neighborhood from dissatisfied with the church's social action will neighborhood, to help those who want to leave to listen, it may be that his support will be lost. It stay and work.

Eight THS WITNESS degenerate environment and to work to improve it. A Word to Young People Dut wee to the man who uses an environment By Alfred B. Starratt as an excuse for his own wickedness or failure. Rector of Emmanuel Church, Baltimore The comfort derived from his excuse easily be- IN MOST DISCUSSIONS about why people make comes addictive. It removes him from reality. It such a mess of the world, sooner or later some ex- rots his power of choice and stunts his growth. pert in learned cliches will blame the cussedness of We adults haven't created the perfect environ- people on either heredity or environment. This bit ment for effortless flowering of all the beautiful of non-think is solemnly accepted by most people as potential of our young people. Far from it. The an explanation because it sounds scientific. More same thing can be said about the environment we than that, it relieves us of the burden of responsi- inherited from our fathers, and they from their bility. fathers. But we aren't whining about it. We tried "Poor me," says the criminal. "I might have to do the best we could with what we had. Some been a fine person if it hadn't been for the miser- of the things we have done have made the mess worse. Some have made it better. Let the young publication. able environment in which I was reared." "Poor me," cries the foul-mouthed radical. "My take up the burden and improve the sitution. We and behavior is only a natural reaction to the corrupt don't ask for their praise, but we do ask them not to use us as an excuse.

reuse system supported by the establishment swine." "Poor you," can be an expression of compassion. for "Poor me," says the orator who is blamed for increasing the polarization of this country by "Poor me," is usually an expression of contempti- polysyllabic insults aimed at all who disagree with ble weakness. Well, maybe that is an overstate- required him. "I don't like to be critical but the present con- ment — there is some truth in it — truth worth dition of society forces me to say these things." thinking about. There is truth in all these complaints of self-

Permission pity. But it isn't all of the truth. It is a verbal balloon filled with the hot air of rhetoric. It is Open Letter to Pope Paul true that all of us interact with our environment By Ivan Illich DFMS. / and respond to conditions around us. But it is Director, Center for Inter cultural not true that environment — or heredity — is a Documentation, Cuernavaca, Mexico

Church controlling factor in our growth. In every situa- WE HAVE PRESENTED you with overwhelming tion there is always the stimulus of the external proof . . . sufficient in any court of law of any event and the inner choice of various options as a civilized nation, of hundreds of cases of torture Episcopal response to that stimulus. throughout Latin America. We have asked you to the The area of choice may seem very small in rela- add your own human voice to ours condemning of tion to the push of the stimulus, but it is there, this ultimate inhumanity. The only reply was and it is real, and out of such tiny choices charac- bland, general statements by a bureaucrat of ter is built. Out of the same bad environment

Archives your Curia. comes one man who is a courageous and good The Holy See's general deprecation of evil-doing

2020. leader of others, and another man who corrupts is not the fulfillment of your own prophetic the social order and whines about how he can't duty. In the name of the Lord, I tell you your help it. The difference is not in the environment, conscience is burdened with your silence, bur-

Copyright but in how each man chooses to respond to his sur- dened with the burden of (Pope) Pius XII who roundings. "prudently" answered the atrocities of Hitler with This is not to lose sight of the fact that some silence. environments are better than others. Whether or It is precisely the hard thing that is the burden not ghetto people have a right to pity themselves, of the prophet. I censure you today because you we have a natural impulse to feel anger and pity- have renounced your prophetic burden. about their condition of life. Some people ap- In the name of humanity, I implore you to speak parently are born lucky, and others unlucky. Life out and condemn this torture for punishment, for is something like a handicap race in which the terror, and above all as a means of government. final achievement is measured by the difficulties You know as well as I do that it constitutes the experienced along the way. Decent people want policy and practice of the Brazilian government to minimize the handicaps of others. In this sense and you know as well as I do that it is an absolute it is good to acknowledge the bad influence of a degradation of human dignity. I SEPTEMBEB, 1970 Nine CONSULTATIVE COUNCIL:— ment on a policy which can be involvement by many people if C Continued from Page Six) put into effect. we are to put this magnificent Plainly the council has no asset to uses which will express should be in the forefront. This easy task, nor has it an unim- praise of God and minister to would be a disaster but the dan- portant one. In setting up the men in his name. By God's grace ger is not great. Of the stated council the Lambeth conference we shall serve him acceptably functions of the council three described its work as being to and avoid the temptation to self out of eight are ecumenical. enable Anglicans to "fulfil their service which is so clearly pos- Other churches, it is hoped, will common inter-Anglican and ecu- sible with funds of this magni- be grateful for an Anglican menical responsibilities in pro- tude." church that can respond to some moting the unity, renewal, and For four months a respresen- of their questions more quickly. mission of Christ's church." tative diocesan committtee has Among the observers at Limuru (Lambeth conference report, been meeting weekly to discuss will be representatives of the p.145). Also it is "to serve as posible ways in which the fund World Council of Churches and needed as an instrument of com- could be administered and in- the Vatican secretariat for mon action" (p.46). Thus the come utilized. Chairman of the publication. unity; and on the agenda the council is cast for a role which committee is H. Sheldon Smith and title of committee I is unity and includes developing guide-lines of St. Paul's, Rochester. ecumenical affairs. for the Anglican communion. It The committee will make its reuse The full shape of the agenda will still rest with each member report to the annual diocesan for is not yet known. In part it will church to decide whether it will convention that will meet No- derive directly from the work follow them. There, again, the vember 13th and 14th. The con- critical factor is likely to be the vention is the final legislative

required and resolutions of the 1968 Lam- beth conference. In part it will quality of the work the council authority of the diocese and consist of items referred to the does, once it has got into its will review and, presumably, au- council by member churches, stride. thorize the structural organiza-

Permission and subjects they wish to have And so, in February 1971, the tion of the fund. discussed. Their wishes will be members will gather from the known nearer the date of the corners of the globe in Limuru, DFMS. / meeting. Subjects that are virtu- Kenya, for the first meeting of ally certain to be on the agen- the Anglican consultative coun- da include the major reappraisal cil. Limuru is rather remote, Church - - People - - of mission in the Anglican com- which should make work easier, munion called for by the Lam- is too near the equator to know beth conference resolution whether it's in front or behind; DONALD COGGAN, archbishop Episcopal 67 (d); union negotiations and and is 7000 feet up, which may of York, told the Canadian the ecumenical policies; women or may not have any signif- congress on evangelism that of priests, racism, the church and icance. Christians face disillusion- society, the size of dioceses, ment, despair and cynicism if world poverty, marriage disci- ROCHESTER DIOCESE GETS they depart from biblical Archives pline, and — surely — finance. LARGE BEQUEST priorities and emphasize ac- tion over prayer and study. 2020. Having said that, one must go * The diocese of Rochester He quoted Christ's words: on to say the council has no au- announced that it had received "Man cannot live by bread thority to compel anyone to do official notice that it is the re- alone," and added that, of Copyright anything. The council is consul- cipient of a 8 to 10 million dol- course, man could not live tative, and its role is to recom- lar gift from the Margaret without it either. Along with mend and guide. This is an An- Woodbury Strong trust. "belly hunger" there is "mind glican method — a family meth- Bishop Robert R, Spears Jr. hunger," he said. The west od, and anything else would be stated: "The Margaret Wood- must promote literacy pro- foreign and ineffective in the bury Strong Fund carries with grams and such programs Anglican communion. But with it the responsibility of thankful should be conducted by men little doubt we, and other Chris- and careful stewardship of an- who are wholly committed to tians, are reaching a point where nual income. It is a challenge to God, he advised. As the con- free discussion and debate are our understanding of the mis- gress opened, one of the more not enough. There must be free- sion of the church which is un- controversial issues was a ly accepted determination, too, likely to be matched again and study paper by the Rev. that discussion must intend a will require painstaking thought, Frank Epp of Ottawa, a Men- positive result, intend agree- imaginative planning and broad nonite. He said that evan-

Ten THB WITNESS gelists and politicans have be- napping attempt," he said. come "easy bedfellows" in "There will be a second, there preserving the status quo. will be a third." He called the "Where once evangelists were attempt, in which a judge and prophets preaching justice to three men involved in the kings whose hands were drip- escape were killed, "a very, ping blood, they now tend to very important thing. It's lend dignity and sanctity to changed the entire relation- the 'hail Caesar,' days," said ships between the courts and Epp. political prisoners, between the oppressors and oppressed DAVID M. IFSHiN, immediate people." past president of the student body at Syracuse University JOHN J. FORREST, first lieut., was elected new president of was discharged by the U.S. the national student associa- army as a conscientious ob- tion. He is "not committed to jector. His attorney said it was the first instance in publication. nonviolence totally myself," but has never used violence which such a discharge was and himself in an anti-war demon- won on the basis of Catholic . . . the real Christmas . . . not stration. He said he feels vi- theology. Forrest had served Jingle Bells, but the carols of reuse olence has brought "some six months in the army. A the Christ Child and the glory for very important changes" in lawyer, he is a graduate of of God's gift to us all ... can history — in the labor move- Boston College law school and now be yours, for the Advent a member of the Massachu- Season.

required ment and in some wars, for The real message of Christmas example. Ifshin, who has been setts bar association. In ask- has been captured on two involved in many antiwar ac- ing for the release and the ADVENT SEASON CASSETTE tivities, said more violence CO. classification, the New- TAPE recordings from The

Permission may occur on the nation's ton, Mass., officer held that Upper Room. campuses this fall. "Alterna- pacifism or opposition to war Not only available this Advent tives are being closed to peo- is not a requirement in Cath- Season is the recording of The DFMS. / ple. When you close alterna- olic doctrine or social theory. Upper Room daily devotionals, tives, violence becomes inevit- He maintained, however, that but also a special undated opposition is a valid minority tape with Christmas music and Church able," he said. He said he be- meditations on the real mean- lieves the job of association opinion in the church. He also ing of Christmas that you can is to try to open avenues for argued distinctions between use and enjoy foryears to come. students to affect change. At "just" and "unjust" wars. The regular two month (Nov.- Episcopal its congress here, attended by Forrest was not, however, Dec.) cassettes (two tapes) are the more than 900 student leaders claiming selective conscien- $3.50; the special Christmas of cassette is $5.25. from 300 U.S. colleges and tious objection. Also especial// for Christmas— universities — many of them Three Wise Women

Archives church-related — the associa- tion condemned federal legis- MONEY for your TREASURY OT the CaSt by MAREL BROWN Three women gain new mean- OVER 2,000,000 2020. lation it considered repressive. ing in their lives by giving of It said a pending amendment SUNFLOWER DISH CLOTHS themselves. Intriguing, and to the U.S. internal securities Wete sold last yeax by members of Sunday very timely for Advent and act of 1950 could be used Schools, Ladies' Aids, Young People's Group*, Christmas. Copyright etc They enable yon to earn money for youi against "anyone who takes a treasury, and make friends for yonx organiza- This booklet makes an ideal stand in opposition to any es- tion. gift — or use it as a special tablished presidential policy." SANGAMON MILLS, INC. Christmas card for family and Established 1915 COHOES, N. Y. 12047 friends. Strikingly beautiful blue cover with TOM HAYDEN, a Chicago con- gold stamping spiracy trial defendant, told on cover, 50< the congress of the national Write us for each, with student association there will matching enve-, be more kidnapping attempts lope. Ten copies* like the one in early August Organ Information only 42£ each. during the attempted escape Order from AUSTIN ORGANS, Inc. of three San Quentin inmates THE UPPER ROOM from a courtroom in Califor- Hartford, Conn. 1908 Grand Ave. nia. "We've had our first kid- Nashville, Term. 37203 Schools of the Church

Episcopal Church Related SAINT AGNES SCHOOL The Boarding Schools in the Girls Episcopal Boarding (.Grades 7-12) and Country Day School (Grades E.-12) Diocese of Minnesota Fully accredited college preparatory and gem- Patterson School eral courses. Music, Drama, Arts, all Sports. CO-ORDINATED COLLEGE PREPARATORY Small classes. Individual attention and guid- ance stressed. Established 1870. 49-actt campus. Write foi catalog. for Boys Boys — Grades 9-12 IN HAPPY VALLEY HAMILTON H. BOOKHOUT, Headmost* SHATTUCK SCHOOL SAINT AGKBS SCHOOL Fully accredited Church School on Bo* W., Albany, N. Y. 12211 1300 acre estate. Grades 7-12. Small Founded 1858 classes. Gymnasium, sports, swim- Canon Robert L. Curry, D. D. ST. MARGARET'S SCHOOL ming, fishing. 60th year. Headmaster Summer camp with tutoring for boys COLLEGB PREPARATION FOR GIRLS publication. 507/334-6466 6 to 15 years. Periods 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Fully accredited. Grades 8-12. Music, and For School or Camp Patterson Also Co-ed Summer School-Camp art, dramatics. Small classes. All catalogs, write: Grades 5-12 sports. On beautiful Rappahannoek River. Episcopal. Summer School. reuse THE REV. FLOYD WM. FINCH, JR. Girls — Grades 9-12 Write for catalog. for Route 5, Lenoir, N. C. 28645 COLLEGE PREPARATORY SAINT MARY'S HALL Viola H. Woolfolk, CHARACTER BUILDING Box W. Tappahannock, Virginia Founded 1866 required Canon Lloyd R. Gesner,B.A.,Dip.Ed. LENOX SCHOOL NORTHWESTERN Headmaster 507/334-4371 A Church School in the Berkshire Hills for ACADEMY boys 12-18 emphasizing Christian ideal and

Permission character through simplicity of plant and LAKE GENEVA. WISCONSIN JUNIOR BOYS — GRADES 5-9 equipment, moderate tuition, the co-operatiT* self-help system and informal, personal re- Rev. James Howard Jacobson SAINT JAMES SCHOOL lationships among boys and faculty. DFMS.

/ Superintendent and Rector Founded 1901 AUSTIN MONTGOMERY, JB., M.A., Headmaster An outstanding military college pre- Lenox, Massachusetts 01240 paratory school for boys 12 to 18 Canon Allen F. Bray III, S.T.M. Church grades 8 through 12. Fireproof build- Headmaster ings, modern science department, 507/334-6491 excellent laboratory and academic Bethany facilities. 90 acre campus with For information write or call Episcopal extensive lake shore frontage, new The Headmaster the 8 court gym. Enviable year 'round Faribault, Minnesota 55021 School of environment. All sport, including Episcopal Elementary and riding and sailing. Accredited. Sum- Junior High Day and mer Camp. Write for catalogue Boarding School 164 South Lake Shore Road THE CHURCH Girls Grades 1-9 Archives FARM SCHOOL Boys (day only) grades 1-8 GLEN LOCH, PA. Kindergarten {day only)

2020. A School for Boys Dependent on On* Parent For detailed information, write: VALLEY FORGE Grades 7th through 12th College Preparatory and Vocational Train- Principal MILITARY ACADEMY ing: Sports: Soccer, Basketball, Track, Tennis, Copyright Bethany School Wrestling, Cross-Country. and JUNIOR COLLEGE 495 Albion Aye., Learn to study, work, play on 1600 Cincinnati, Ohio 45240 Here, "at the Nation's farm in historic Chester Valley. Shrine," education extends Boy Choir — Religious Training beyond the academic to build CHARLES W. SHREINER, JR. character, and develop leadership. Headmaster DeVeaux School Grades 9 through 12 and Jr. College. Post Office: Box S. Paoli, Pa. 19301 America's most beautiful campus. 98 Niagara Falls, Raw Yak modern buildings. Highest scholastic 1853 standards. Nationally accredited. In- A Church School fax boys in the Diocese •! THE WOODHULL SCHOOLS Western New York. Oiades 9 through 13. dividualized guidance and tutoring. College Preparatory. Snail Classes. 50 acn Social development. Extensive read- Nursery to College Campus, Resident Faculty. Dormitories tot ing and spelling clinics. All sports 130. School Building, Chapel, Gymnasium including horsemanship and polo. Re- HOLL1S, L. I. and Swimming Pool; 9 intencholatrjc sport*, Sfon—ni hy Music, Art. nowned bands. Sr. Army ROTC. ST. GABRIEL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH Summer camps. DAVID A. KBWMBDT, M. A., Headmaster under the direction of the rector, Catalog. Box W, Wayne, Fa. 1B087 Tmi RT. RBT. LAUBOTOH L. SOAIM, DJ3. THE REV. ROBERT T. CONDIT Chstrmmn, Bttrd ef Trustees