Starting this year, PCSWCD is excited to announce that we are using local organic suppliers for our products! Meet our farmers for the 2020 Tree & Sale! Huge thank you to Ripley Farm of Dover-Foxcroft, Checkerberry Farm of Parkman and North Branch Farm of Monroe! When you support us, you will be supporting them too!

Checkerberry Farm is a MOFGA-certified Ripley Farm is home to five acres of organic farm located on 100 acres in MOFGA-certified Organic vegetables, Parkman, ME. Jason and Barbara Kafka perennial , flowers and herbs in have been farming for over 30 years, Dover-Foxcroft, ME. Gene and Mary producing a wide variety of vegetables, Margaret like to say, “make our farm your herbs, flowers & fruits. The Kafkas focus farm by joining our Community Supported selling on a wholesale basis with custom- Agriculture (CSA) programs!” Their CSA ers ranging from Whole Foods Market, members are the backbone of their family Fedco Seeds, Stutzman’s farm, Common farm’s success! www.ripleyorganicfarm.com Ground Fair and others. www.uniquemainefarms.com

North Branch Farm is a MOFGA-certified organic farm on 330 acres of fields, woodland, fruit orchards and grass-fed beef in Monroe, . It is family-owned and operated by Anna Shapley- Quinn, Seth Yentes and Tyler Yentes. “Our tree varieties are well-adapted to Maine’s climate and tend to be pest and disease resistant, making them well-suited for organic and low-spray production methods. Plant a tree now and you’ll enjoy it for decades to come!” http://www.northbranchfarm.org/ SPRING HAS SPRUNG! JOIN THE FUN on May 9th!

This year, when you pick up your plants, you’ll be able to benefit from experienced professionals to answer all your questions about SOIL HEALTH for your garden and how to care for your plants and trees! Come watch the live soil health simulator with NRCS at 10AM and learn about soil mixing and demonstration with Jackson Regenerational Farm at 11AM! There will be ongoing kids activities provided by PCSWCD staff and University of Maine Cooperative Extension Piscataquis County will be on-site to answer all your gardening questions! Come learn about PRFC’s “Garden in the Box” pilot program, services and take a facility tour! The Piscataquis County Soil & Water Conservation District offers bare root stock plants each year to encourage plantings that protect the soil, enhance your landscape and foster wildlife habitat.

APPLE TREES APPLE TREES ARE IN LIMITED QUANTITIES THIS YEAR

M111 semi-dwarfing rootstock produces a tree that is about 65-80% of standard size. Can be planted 15-20’ apart. B118 semi –dwarfing rootstock produces a tree that is about 85-90% of standard size or even larger.

Baldwin (Z4) Large round conic thick-skinned fruit, almost entirely blushed, mottled and striped with red and deep carmine. Hard, crisp, juicy yellowish flesh makes excellent eating and cooking. Keeps until spring. Blooms early to midseason. Insect and disease resistant. M111 $25.50

Black Oxford (Z4) Medium size round fruit, deep purple with a blackish bloom. Excellent for pies and late cider. Leave skins on for a delightful pink sauce. Some disease and insect resistance. M111 $25.50

Cox’s Orange Pippin (Z4) One of the best eating apples. Medium size all purpose aromatic fruit is red orange to red with orange russet striping. Crisp, juicy, tender flesh improves with storage. Blooms mid season. Scab resistant. M111 $25.50

Gold Rush (Z4) 25’-30’ Very crispy, tart, juicy flesh. Excellent flavor. Ripens late. Good for storage. Highly resistant to scab and powdery mildew. $25.50

Honeycrisp (Z3) Medium large fruit, mottled and striped red over yellow. Very crisp, sweet and juicy. Good keeper. Relatively small upright tree. Scab resistant. M111 $25.50

Keepsake (Z3) 25’-30’ Keepsake is a late-ripening winter apple with a good strong apple flavor - at its best in mid-winter. The apples have a full rich flavor, and a juicy crisp texture. Somewhat resistant to scab. $25.50

Liberty (Z4-6) One of the best disease resistant varieties. Flavorful late fall dessert quality. Excellent cooking & sweet cider. Scab immune, but not resistant to insects. B118 $25.50

Mcintosh (Z4-5) Delicious aromatic apple. The best “Mac” taste. Large, spreading, strong tree. Blooms mid-season. Very susceptible to scab. M111 $25.50

Northern Spy (Z4) Very juicy and tender. Large fruit covered with pink and light red stripes. Good scab resistance. out late and blooms late season. M111 $25.50

Zestar (Z3-5) Hardy mid-late summer dessert apple. Medium size with juicy and crisp acid/sweet flavor. Blooms early season. B118 $25.50 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

WILDLIFE FRUITING

(Z3-4) Begin to fruit in 3rd year and increases to full yield around 5 years. Songbirds love the fruit if not harvested. Adaptable to wet or dry areas, sun or partial shade. Self fruitful.

Viking Black Chokeberry 3-6’X3-6’ Masses of white flowers are followed by clusters of large black fruit that persist through winter. Lustrous dark glossy foliage offers good fall color. Deer resistant. $15.50

Brillinatissima Chokeberry 6’-8’x3’-4’ Native with red berries, small showy white flowers. Brilliant fall foliage. Full sun, part shade. Great alternative to invasive burning bush. $15.50

Regent Juneberry (Z2) 4’-6’x4’-6’ Compact shrub with purple magenta sweet berries good for eating fresh or in cooking. Ripens in mid July in central Maine. White flowers in spring, red orange fall color. Plant in well drained fertile soil and full sun. $15.50

Black Elderberry Sambucus Canadensis (Z3) NATIVE Shrub produces bountiful large clusters of tiny cream-colored flowers followed by purple-black berries used medicinally and for pies, jam, etc. Raw seeds are poisonous. Sun: part-full, MOISTURE: medium-wet, BLOOM: June-July $15.50

Cultivar or Variety: Cultivar is short for “cultivated variety”. A cultivar is a plant that has been bred; it does not occur naturally in the wild. A variety is a plant that occurs naturally in the wild and is chosen for commercial propagation to maintain its genetic characteris- tics. In the tree and shrub world, most cultivars and varieties are propagated clonally by cuttings or grafting. When there is no variety or cultivar name after the botanical name, the plant is most likely grown from seed.

Apple Pollination If there is at least one other apple tree somewhere in your neighborhood, the bees will do their thing, and you’ll get fruit. It can be a wild apple tree or another variety. It can be old or young, or an ornamental crabapple. But it must be different from yours. Most apples bloom about the same time so timing is almost never an issue. 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale White Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) NATIVE bitter medicinal perennial to 18". White flowers great for bouquets and beneficial insects. Great permaculture companion for the orchard. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-Aug $8.50

Summer Berries Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) 24" plants with flat-topped clusters of blooms in cheery shades of salmon, apricot, red, white, pink, yellow, and more. Excellent cut flower. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-Aug $8.50

Yarrow-Colorado Mixed (Achilles millefolium) Mixed colors. Cut flower, beneficial insect attractant. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-Aug $8.50 Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) NATIVE columbine grows to 24" with bright bicolor red and yellow blooms in the spring. SUN: shade-part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June $8.50

Rose Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) NATIVE milkweed to 48" with rose upright flower clusters and a non-aggressive habit. Provides amazing monarch and beneficial insect habitat. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) NATIVE milkweed to 30" with 3" diameter globular clusters of pink flowers. Monarch butterfly favorite. Spreads by underground runners. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) NATIVE milkweed to 18" with showy bright orange flower clusters. Monarch butterfly favorite and good cut flower. Does not spread. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Hollow Stem Joe Pye Weed (Eutrochium fistulosum) NATIVE pollinator favorite growing to 60" with attractive pink flower clusters on sturdy stems. Good for cutting. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Blue Wild Indigo (Baptisia australis) NATIVE long lived nitrogen-fixing perennial to 42" with deep blue pea-shaped flowers loved by . SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: June $8.50

Virgin's Bower (Clematis virginiana) NATIVE vine to 10' with attractive dark green and small white flowers giving way to distinctive silky seed heads in fall. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

'Arctic Fire' (Dianthus deltoides) Low growing perennial to 7" forms lush dense mat of attractive dark green foliage. Profuse blooms of small white flowers with fiery red center. SUN: full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: May-June $8.50 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

Wild (Senna hebecarpa) NATIVE 48-60” nitrogen-fixing legume with canary yellow pea-like flowers with black centers. Attract pollinators and very hardy. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Blue-Stemmed Goldenrod (Solidago caesia) NATIVE clump-forming goldenrod to 24" Flowers along the blue-hued stems. This species does not spread as aggressively as some other goldenrods. Great late season food for honey- bees. SUN: part-shade MOISTURE: med BLOOM: Sept-Oct $8.50

Seaside Goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens) NATIVE clump-forming goldenrod to 24" with cheerful yellow blooms. Pollinator favorite and seeds eaten by birds. Great late season food for honeybees. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med BLOOM: Sept $8.50

New England Aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae) NATIVE 36" plants with fall flowers in shades of purple and pink. Great pollinator plant. Great late season food for honeybees. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Elecampane (inula helenium) Hardy perennial, 10-96” tall. Gold, yellow daisy like flowers. SUN: Full sunlight or partial shade MOISTURE: Good drainage. Ordinary soil. BLOOM: late summer $8.50

Tall Thimbleweed (Anemone virginiana) NATIVE perennial of woodland edges and dis- turbed ground grows to 24" with starry white flowers held above attractive dark green foliage. SUN: shade-part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadesis) (Z3) Solitary 1 1/2” white flowers with 8-12 petals emerge from tightly rolled leaves. Low growing gray green leaves are lobed and scalloped, spanning 4-8” across. Forms a colony over time. SUN: shade MOISTURE: moist, rich, well drained soil. BLOOM: spring. Wash hands after handling. $8.50

Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata) NATIVE perennial to 60" with long lasting steeples of tiny blue-purple blossoms. Medicinal and very attractive to pollinators. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Culver's Root (Veronicastrum virginicum) NATIVE perennial is an absolute favorite of bumblebees. Large spires of tiny white blossoms on stately plants to 60". Long lived. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Hollyhock (Alcea rosea) Indian Spring Single Mix Old-fashioned, favored by hummingbirds. 5-6’ tall. Spires covered with disc shaped blossoms SUN: full BLOOM: June-October. MOISTURE: moist well drained soil. Biennial. Plant 12” apart. $8.50 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

ECHINACEA North American native plants tolerate wind, heat and drought once established. Will reseed abundantly. Plant 20-30” apart in full sun and light sandy soil. Great for birds and bees. 3-5’ tall.

Bush's Coneflower (Echinacea paradoxa) NATIVE echinacea to 36" with long drooping golden yellow petals surrounding a spiky dark brown seed head. Pollinator favorite. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July $8.50

Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) NATIVE wildflower to 42" loved by pollinators. Long reflexed pink petals surrounding dark seed head. Widely used medicinally to ward off colds and flu. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

'Crazy Daisy' (Leucanthemum superbum) Spectacularly ruffled 2 1/2" white flowers with small yellow eyes on 30" plants. Blooms are fully double and packed with uniquely shaped petals. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) NATIVE perennial to 36" with flat-topped clusters of fuzzy white flowers. Medicinal favorite for fevers and flus. Excellent pollinator plant. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Blue Flag Iris (Iris versicolor) NATIVE iris grows to 30" with large striking blue-purple flowers and sword-like leaves. Early blooms provide good forage for bees. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: May -June $8.50

Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis) NATIVE perennial with basal rosette sending up 18" cardinal red flowering spires. Hummingbirds love this plant! SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: Aug $8.50

Great Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica) NATIVE long -blooming wildflower with bright lavender-blue tubular blossoms up a long flower-stalk to 24". Beautiful garden plant that self-seeds readily. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: July-Sept $8.50

Fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) NATIVE wildflower to 42" with masses of deep pink flowers. Pioneer plant spreads quickly by long rhizomes. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Munstead Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) 16-18” tall. Considered the hardiest lavender Light lavender flowers, aromatic silvery green foliage. Plant 12-24” apart. SUN: full MOISTURE: moist well drained soil. BLOOM: summer Mulch to prevent winter heaving. $8.50

Lupine (lupinus polyphyllus) Russell hybrids choice mix. Spikes of flowers. Palm shaped leaves surround the plant. SUN: full MOISTURE: med-dry to dry BLOOM: Summer $8.50 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

Bradbury's Monarda (Monarda bradburniana) NATIVE bee balm similar to Wild Bergamot with lavender blossoms, but much more compact at 24". Great choice for the garden. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: June-July $8.50

'Panorama Red Shades' Bee Balm (Monarda didyma) NATIVE 42" perennial with shades of bright, salmon and scarlet reds, attracts bees and butterflies. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) NATIVE tea herb with lavender flowers and light green foliage. Attracts bees and butterflies. 42" tall with vigorous spreading growth habit. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Spotted Bee Balm (Monarda punctate) NATIVE bee balm with pale pink flowers uniquely arranged in tiered whorls along the 24" flower stalks. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) NATIVE clumping grass grows to 48". Deer resistant and birds love the seed heads in winter. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med-wet BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Little Bluestem (Andropogon scoparium) NATIVE clumping grass grows to 18" with attractive blue-green foliage turning coppery in fall. Deer resistant. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: Aug-Sept $8.50

Hayscented Fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula) NATIVE fern spreads rhizomatically in shaded woodland edges to form soft drifts of 18" groundcover. SUN: shade-part MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: N/A $8.50

Foxglove Beardstongue (Penstemon digitalis) NATIVE perennial w/ dark green foliage in a lush mounded rosette gives rise to flower stalks loaded w/ tubular white blossoms that attracts bees and hummingbirds. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-July Somewhat short-lived, so keep a supply of seed on hand to renew your population. $8.50

Foxglove (digitalis purpurea) Camelot biennial. Tall spires of pendulous, funnel-shaped, flowers. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: average BLOOM: early-mid summer $8.50

Delphinium D. x cultorum Yankee mix. Flower spikes above clumps of palmate foliage. SUN: light shade or full sun MOISTURE: med BLOOM: summer $8.50

EDIBLES

Chives 18" plants with edible leaves and purple spring and summer flowers, great for bees. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med-wet BLOOM: May-June $8.50

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) Pungent edible roots are easily prepared into the popular condiment. Plants grow to 24" with inconspicuous white flowers. SUN: shade-part-full MOISTURE: wet-med-dry BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Lovage (Levisticum officinale) Edible celery-flavored perennial grows to 60". Good for the permaculture garden with its flowering tops attracting beneficial insects. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Catmint (Nepeta mussinii) Soft crinkled, gray green fragrant leaves. Mounded shape. SUN: full MOISTURE: dry BLOOM: late spring, early summer $8.50

Mints Common mint (P) variety not stated as mint does not grow true from seed. SUN: full MOISTURE: medium BLOOM: summer $8.50 Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) The lemon balm plant is actually a member of the mint family and is a perennial herb. It grows as a bushy, leafy herb with a pleasant lemon smell and small white flowers. SUN: full MOISTURE: slightly moist BLOOM: early summer SUN: full, part sun $8.50

Chocolate Mint (Mentha x piperita piperita) Chocolate-flavored peppermint grows 9" tall with dark green-brown leaves and spreading, rhizomatous roots. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: Aug $8.50

Mountain Mint ( Pycnanthemum virginianum) NATIVE pollinator magnet grows to 30". Flat-topped clusters of tiny white flowers. Bees especially love this aromatic member of the mint family. Leaves make a medicinal tea. Spreads by rhizomes. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med-wet BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

German Winter Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) This is the most popular variety of thyme for culinary use with strongly aromatic tiny leaves on 12" plants. Pink flowers are loved by bees. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Creeping Thyme (T serpyllum) Primarily used as a ground cover. Very low growing fra- grant, sturdy plant. SUN: full MOISTURE: dry BLOOM: early-mid summer $8.50 Oregano, Greek (o. Heracleoticum) Perennial herb can grow to 2’ tall. The leaves are used fresh or dry. Will spread. SUN: full MOISTURE: dry $8.50

Rosemary (Officinalis) Evergreen. Numerous medicinal uses. Fragrance and texture make it valuable for sachets, potpourri. Bring indoors for winter. SUN: full MOISTURE: dry $8.50

Garden Sorrel (Rumex acetosa) Large, succulent, lemony leaves used for French sorrel soup, in salads, and as a tart seasoning for many dishes. Grows to 18". SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: remove flower stalks in June-July to prolong leaf production. $8.50

Common Sage (Salvia officinalis) This is the familiar garden sage, the leaves of which are used both culinarily and medicinally. The plants grow to 18" with pretty blue-purple flowers. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July $8.50

Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) NATIVE groundcover to 5" with familiar delicious small red berries following starry white flowers. One of the best perennials for pollinators. SUN: shade-part-full MOISTURE: dry-med BLOOM: May-June $8.50

Ripley Farm’s Russian Comfrey Compost Tea Recipe They love the Bocking 14 comfrey especially as a super garden fertilizer when fermented into a liquid concentrate. It’s really easy to make: stuff a five gallon bucket full of comfrey leaves that have been cut and slightly wilted in the sun for an hour or two. Fill the bucket to the top with water, loosely cover with a lid and let it steep for a couple weeks, stirring it every few days. Strain out the remaining solids, dilute 10:1 with water and spray on your garden as a great nutrient rich growth booster.

'Glaskins Perpetual' Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) Red-stemmed rhubarb produces tart edible stalks over a long season. Giant leaves on 30" plants. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: remove flower stalks in June-July to extend stalk production $8.50

2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale MEDICINALS

Chinese Milk Vetch (Astragalus membraneceous) Chinese medicinal grows to 36" covered with small paired leaves. Inconspicuous pea-shaped flowers. The nitrogen-fixing roots are used as an immune enhancing adaptogen. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-dry BLOOM: July-Aug $8.50

Bocking 14 Russian Comfrey (Symphytum x uplandicum) Vigorous medicinal perennial with large leaves, great for mulch, compost, and fertilizer. Can be used in orchards, one plant per tree. Purple flowers on 24" plants attract bees. SUN: shade-part-sun MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: June-July It should be noted, however, that the leaves are poisonous if ingested. Very aggressive. $8.50

Stinging Nettles (Urtica dioica) Edible and medicinal super-plant. Greens are spring tonic and used for fertilizer and compost. Has spines that can cause skin irritation. SUN: shade-part-sun MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) Medicinal perennial is strong herbal sedative. 60" tall plants with white/light pink flowers. Self sows freely. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: dry-med-wet BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Borage (Borago officinalis) Medicinal herb with edible leaves and flowers. Can grow 2’ tall. SUN: full MOISTURE: average BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Marshmallow (Althea officinalis) Mucilaginous immune stimulating medicinal, grows to over 60” with light pink flowers and downy foliage. Vigorous, non-spreading roots. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med-wet BLOOM: June-July $8.50

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Distinctively flavored medicinal grows to 36" with dark green foliage and small pale-blue pea-shaped flowers. Anti-inflammatory roots are used to add palatability and harmony to many other herbs. Spreads rapidly by long runners. SUN: part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: July $8.50

St John’s Wort, Topas (hypericum perforatum) A vigorous, low-maintenance perennial, grows 1-3’ tall, up to 2’ wide. Star-shaped, yellow flowers SUN: full MOISTURE: medium BLOOM: June $8.50

Lady's Mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) Versatile medicinal plants with unique leaves that catch and hold the sparkling dew. 18" stalks with small yellow flowers good in bouquets. SUN: shade-part-full MOISTURE: med BLOOM: June-July $8.50

2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

WHAT ARE INVASIVE PLANTS? Some non-native plant species become “overachievers,” thriving in their new habitats without the insects and diseases that would normally control their growth. Once established in natural areas, they outcompete native species and become a major threat to native habitats. Some invasive plants have escaped from our home gardens and public plantings into natural areas and cause profound environmental and economic damage. Each state has developed a list of problematic plants. Some are even illegal to sell. Please learn about the species considered invasive in your area, generate a list of the invasives on your property, and create a plan for eliminating them.

KNOW THEM-DON’T GROW THEM The list below includes the most common invasive plants in New England. The highlighted plants are still widely available through nurseries, catalogs, and the internet. For a more complete list of invasive species, state-by-state lists of prohibited invasive plants, recommended alternatives, and information about removing invasive plants, visit http:// www.newenglandwild.org/images/protect/Invasive%20Brochure%20Reduced%20File%20Size.pdf

How you can help: List of common invasive plants in New England • Learn which plants are invasive in your state. • Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) • Purchase and grow only non-invasive plants.

• Bishop’s weed (Aegopodium podagraria) • Ask your local nursery or garden shop to stop selling invasive plants. • Blunt-leaved privet (Ligustrum obtusifolium) • Inform your community about invasive plants. • Burning bush (Euonymus alatus) • Get your garden club involved. • Make an invasive plant display for your • Common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) elementary school and library. • Common reed (Phragmites australis) • Volunteer to help control invasive plants in • Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) your region. • Take a class on invasives. • Glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus) (www.newenglandwild.org/learn) • Himalayan jewelweed (Impatiens glandulifera) • Educate your neighbors to avoid repeated • Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) infestations on your property. • Join New England Wild Flower Society to • Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) support native plant conservation. • Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) • Japanese stilt grass (Microstegium vimineum) Controlling invasive plants: • Pull and dig herbaceous plants with woody • Mile-a-minute vine (Persicaria perfoliatum) stems less than 1" diameter • Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) • Use a weed wrench for stems up to 3" diameter.

• Norway maple (Acer platanoides) This device pulls the plant, roots, and suckers. • Cut and mow continually to remove as much • Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) leafy material as possible. This interrupts the • Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) plant’s ability to photosynthesize. • Use biological controls for purple loosestrife • Swallow-worts (Cynanchum louiseae and C. rossicum) (Lythrum salicaria). The USDA has approved the • Shrub-like honeysuckles Galerucella beetle for L. salicaria control. This (Lonicera morrowii, L. x bella, beetle is very specific to this plant and will travel great distances to find it. L. maackii, and L. tatarica) • Dispose of invasives properly. Put cuttings • Water chestnut (Trapa natans) in a black plastic trash bag and let sit in the sun • Water-milfoils (Myriophyllum aquaticum, for 4-6 weeks, then dispose of trash bags. Never put cuttings of invasives into your compost pile • M. heterophyllum, and M. spicatum) or your town’s compost.

• Yellow flag iris (Iris pseudacorus)Rosra • For chemical treatments, please consult www.newenglandwild.org.Treatments for plants The highlighted plants are still widely available through nurse- near wetlands are especially troublesome to the ries, catalogs and the internet. For a more complete list of inva- environment and should be undertaken only sive species, state by state lists of prohibited invasive plants, recommended alternatives and information about removing under the supervision of a certified professional. invasive plants, visit www.newenglandwild.org/protect/invasive- plants.

This information is excerpted from the New England Wild Flower Society brochure Invasive Plants.

2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

POLLINATORS Pollinators play an important part in our world. Bees, bats, butterflies, birds, and more help pollinate our fruit trees and vegetables. Without them we would not be able to produce crops to feed ourselves. They require little to bring them in to our yards and gardens. Provide water, shelter and food like most of the plants listed in our flyer and you will entice pollinators to your yard. It is a win-win situation growing gardens and orchards because wildlife benefits and humans get to enjoy the sounds, sights, tastes and smells of the garden.

Planting Instructions for Bare-Root Perennial Plants

For the first growing season, let new perennials focus on root growth. Once established, usually in the second year, they are vigorous and floriferous. When you receive your order: open the bags and check the stock immediately. Roots and crowns should be firm and pliable, not soft or brittle. If they are slightly dry, add a little water or, if they are going to be potted up soon, soak the roots. Generally, a little surface mold is harmless and will not affect the plant’s future performance. If you cannot pot them up immediately, store them in a cool (35–40°) location for a short time.

Pot up the rootstock in well-drained potting mix. Most plants need a deep 6" pot or a 1-gallon container. Avoid coiling the roots in the bottom of under-sized containers. Grow newly potted perennials for a few weeks in a protected location in indirect light at 50–60° and keep from freezing. Wet and/or cold conditions for an extended period may cause rotting. Begin feeding when new growth appears. Keep dry fertilizers away from plant crowns. Use animal manures with caution as they can promote fungal and bacterial diseases.

Transplant outside once they show some top growth and the danger of frost has passed. Dig a hole about twice the size of the pot, loosening the surrounding soil and adding compost or fertilizers as necessary. Generally, plant the top of the crown just below ground level, less than an inch from the surface of the soil. All perennials appreciate a fall mulch and a side dressing of compost or leaf mold in the spring.

Protecting Trees from Mice and Voles Fruit trees and ornamentals are sometimes girdled by mice or voles eating the bark. Girdling will usually kill the tree or shrub. The danger is greatest in winter. Stomp around the trunks after each fresh snowfall to create a packed ice barrier that will prevent mice from traveling beneath the snow. Keep the grass mowed in the fall and remove large mulch piles from near the trunks. Rodents like to nest in hay more than in chip mulches. A wrap of window screening or a plastic spiral tree guard will protect your tree from being girdled. If you use screening or plastic guards on apple, quince or crabapple trees, remove them from April to October, as they will attract borers if left on the tree in the summer.

2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

Zone Hardiness Guide Our catalog has brief descriptions to help you choose plants which will best suit your needs. Following each plant name is the zone, which lets you know if a plant may or may not be suitable for your location. Z2 low temperature average –50 to –40 degrees Z3 low temperature average –40 to –30 degrees Z4 low temperature average –30 to –20 degrees

When you get your order: Immediate Care When your new trees and plants arrive, they need to be planted as soon as possible. Don’t be deterred by snow. If you can dig a shovel into the ground, plant your trees. If you wait until spring is in full swing, your plants might become stressed and have a hard time recovering. Sometimes frozen ground makes immediate planting impossible. When this is the case, follow the instructions below and all will be well.

DO NOT ALLOW ROOTS TO DRY OUT AT ALL!!!

Planting Woodies Within 48 Hours Leave the plastic wrapping around the root ball. Add some water to remoisten the packing material and store your trees and shrubs in a cool shaded place like a shed, barn or cellar. Avoid heat and sunlight. If You Cannot Plant Within 48 Hours You can keep plants for a week or two by following one of these temporary measures and continuing to water as needed. • Open your package and inspect for damage. Fold the plastic back from around the tops. Keep the wet shredded newspaper around the roots and re-wrap the plastic around the root ball, packing firmly to eliminate air pockets. Water as needed to keep the roots moist, but don’t let them stand in water. Keep the trees in a cool shaded or dark place like a shed, barn, cellar or garage but don’t allow the plants to freeze. Avoid heat and sunlight. • “Heel in” your plants in a protected cool, shady spot. Dig a trench or turn back an appropriate amount of earth and bury the roots; tamp firmly to remove air pockets. Water thoroughly. Plant in permanent location as soon as possible. 2020 PCSWCD Tree and Plant Sale

ORCHARD COMPANION PLANTS

Companion plants encourage natural processes that benefit the overall health and vitality of all the life forms that make their home in your orchard. This means less work lugging around sprayers, buying fertilizer, spreading compost and worrying about pollination. ORCHARD COMPANIONS KEY: Beneficial Insect Attractors contain nectar sought by predatory insects like braconid wasps, syrphid fly and lacewings that feed on fruit tree pests. Examples: Ladies’ Mantle, arnica, Red Swamp Milkweed, butterfly weed, Echinacea, hyssop, cranesbill or wild geranium Mineral Accumulators have long taproots that are thought to bring up minerals from deep subsoil. Cut foliage and mulch around trees throughout the season to create nutrient-rich soil. Living Mulches produce large quantities of organic matter that can be cut back to decompose around tree bases, enriching the soil. Example; Monarda Native Pollinator Plants are native to North America and attract native pollinators. Examples: Echinacea, cranesbill or wild geranium, monarda Nitrogen-Fixers transfer nitrogen from the air to the soil where it can be absorbed by tree roots. Pest Confusers have bitter aromas that confuse insect pests and deter them from eating fruit. hyssop

Companion Plant Combinations for the Garden and Orchard Generations of gardeners have identified certain plants as beneficial to each other in the garden. We can gather insight into what is possible when we step back a moment and observe the work of nature. Many old garden books contain some version of the following: Apples planted with chives, garlic, tansy, horseradish and nasturtiums will have less scab and woolly aphids. Asparagus likes tomatoes, calendula, basil and parsley, which deter asparagus beetles. Strawberries grow better near lettuce, borage, and spinach. Spinach roots secrete saponins, which are antifungal and antimicrobial, and borage breaks down into calcium, potassium and other minerals. Roses like garlic and chives, which can help with blackspot, mildew and aphids. Geraniums repel Japanese Beetles. 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

Spacing of Fruit Trees, Nut Trees & Berries between between plants rows Apples, Dwarf 7-8' 15' Apples, Semi-dwarf 15' 15' Apples, Standard 25–30' 25–30' Asparagus 1–2' 4' Blackberries 3–4' 6–12' Blueberries, highbush 3–6' 8–10' Blueberries, lowbush 1' 1' Grapes 8' 8–10' Hazel 4-6' hedge Nut trees - orchard 35' 35' Nut trees - forest 20' 20' Pears, Asian Pears 20' 20' Raspberries 2' 6–12' Stone Fruit 5–20' 15–20' Sweet Cherries 25' 25'

Climate Guide

Sun or Full Sun Generally this means 6 or more hours of direct sun in a day.

Part-sun Generally means less than 6 hours of direct sun or a full day of dappled sunlight.

Shade Very little to no direct sun, especially through the middle of the day.

Moist Average soil conditions, not wet, not dry. Able to retain water long enough for plants to use, but not to be soggy.

Wet Has standing water part of the time or is boggy and damp most of the time.

Dry Very little moisture, often sandy soil. Dries out quickly after rain.

Evergreen These plants do not lose their leaves or needles in the winter. There may be some annual shedding of old needles (as in pine) but the entire plant does not go bare. 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale

Special Plants for Challenging Locations

Wet Tolerant: Shade: Drought Tolerant: Amelanchier Eastern White Cedar Amelanchier Birch Black Cohosh Bayberry Black Cohosh Clematis Bearberry Highbush Blueberry Comfrey Lowbush Blueberry Buttonbush Pagoda Dogwood Butterfly Bush Eastern White Cedar Dutchman’s Pipe Catmint Chokeberry Ferns Cornelian Cherry American Cranberry Balsam Fir Chestnut Highbush Cranberry Wild Ginger Diervilla Dawn Redwood Goldenseal Elm Red osier Groundnut Grape Elderberry Hazelnut Hawthorn Elm Hops Heather Ferns Hosta Honey locust Blue Flag Iris Lady’s Mantle Kentucky Coffee tree Lobelia Linden Lavender Marshmallow Sugar Maple Lilac Spicebush White Pine Lingonberry Turtlehead Pulmonaria Pea shrub Willows Spicebush Beach Plum Winterberry Blue Leaf Arctic Willow Rosa Rugosa Witch Hazel Wintergreen Spruce Witch Hazel

Hedgerows Provide: • forage for birds, bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, moths, beneficial insects and humans • protection for nesting birds and migratory animals • erosion control and water conservation • privacy screens, windbreaks, mazes or secret gardens • texture, aroma, character and color in a cultivated landscape • renewable material for kindling, crafts, bouquets and wood chips

Aphids and ants Aphids can do a lot of damage to apple trees and they make the young leaves look gross. Whenever you see aphids you will see ants climbing up and down the tree feeding them. Here’s an easy solution. Wrap a piece of stiff paper about 6" wide around the trunk about a foot or two off the ground. Tape this “sleeve” to itself but not to the tree. Smear Tanglefoot on the paper. Ants will not cross the barrier and, without the ants, the aphids will die. In a day or two, no more aphids. 2020 PCSWCD Tree & Plant Sale A few pruning guidelines: • Summer-Flowering Shrubs should be pruned in late winter or early spring, before the new wood begins to grow. These shrubs blossom on the new wood they produce in the spring. • Spring-Flowering Shrubs form flower buds in the summer, after they are finished blooming. Prune them immediately after their bloom is over. If you wait and prune them in the winter or following spring, you will likely remove many flowering buds. • A common error is to prune or shear shrubs straight across the top. This encourages top -growth and the lower part of the shrub becomes woody and unsightly with less foliage. Proper pruning promotes growth at the base of the shrub. • Observe your plants and see what they need. Some trees and shrubs benefit from aggressive pruning each year and might even respond well to being cut all the way back to the ground; others will respond by delaying fruit or blossom. Some plants thrive with little or no pruning. • Overgrown shrubs with little foliage near the base may be rejuvenated by cutting canes down to the ground in early March, even though early blooms may be sacrificed that year. They will send forth new shoots in late spring and will be bushy with foliage clear to the ground. Pinch off tops when the desired height is attained. It usually takes two to three years to rejuvenate shrubs and hedges completely.

Prune Ornamental Shrubs, Trees and Berries for: • Rejuvenation: older canes (three years and older) can be cut off at the ground line each year to encourage the growth of new canes. • Health: remove broken, dead or diseased branches for neatness and vigor and to increase airflow and access to sunlight. • Vitality: prune to encourage better blooms and fruit rather than heavy excessive vegetation. Many shrubs send up new vegetative growth from the terminal bud. Pruning the terminal bud redirects the plant’s energy back to some of the lateral flowering and fruiting buds. • Containment: certain varieties sucker from the roots; remove these suckers unless you want the shrub to spread and form colonies. • Shape: if you desire a tall tree with a high crown, prune the lateral branches from the trunk and prevent formation of low crotches. For a low stocky tree used in screens and windbreaks, cut back the top shoots to force side growth. Retain a natural arching habit and prevent your shrub from becoming top-heavy by pruning branches after flowering. Farm, Garden and Landscaping Helpers: *Tax is already included in all of these items for purchase.* The Earth Machine Composting Bin $63.00 Converts grass, leaves and table scraps into an abundant supply of rich garden soil. This large 80 gallon capacity composter is made of recycled plastic. It is durable, rodent resistant, has a twist locking lid for easy function and includes a 10 year warranty. Composting is an amazingly easy way for you to make a difference. In less than ten minutes a week, you can: • reduce the amount of household garbage you generate by 25% or more – that’s less tax dollars spent on collection and disposal. • create wheelbarrows full of valuable compost to add to your garden, lawn, trees, shrubs and house plants. • A family using an Earth Machine™ can divert over 500 pounds of kitchen scraps and yard waste each year. • That's over one billion pounds of garbage transformed into valuable compost for our gardens each and every year!

Kitchen Scrap Pail - an indoor companion to the Earth Machine Composting Bin $13.00 Strong, durable plastic, with an ergonomically designed handle for easy carrying and emptying into the Earth Machine. 2 gallon capacity with a sealing hinged lid.

Recycled Rain Barrel $78.00 60 gallon recycled food grade barrel directs water away from your foundation and reduces runoff that adds to storm water problems. It collects and stores water for you, providing an ample supply of water during drought periods or peak summer usage, which saves an average of 1,300 gallons of tap or well water during summer months. It has a removable intake screen to keep debris and mosquitoes out and connects to drip irrigation, soaker and garden hoses to water your plants. Available in grey, which prevents light transmission and inhibits algae growth.

Plantskydd Organic Deer Repellent Plantskydd, an organic animal repellent to provide long lasting year round protection for your farm, orchards, trees, gardens and landscaping. It is effective against deer, rabbits, voles, elk, moose, squirrels, chipmunks and many other animals. It is rain-resistant and lasts for up to six months. It is organic and OMRI certified for use in organic food production. Not sold in stores. Made in the USA.: • Convenient One Quart Spray Bottles $23.00 • 2.2 Pound Soluble Powder Concentrate $46.00 • 1.32 Gallon Jugs $60.00 • 1 Pound Granular Shaker $12.00 • 3 Pound Granular Bag $28.00

Birdhouses (made locally) • Handmade Bluebird Houses $12.00 • Handmade Wood Duck Boxes $35.00 • Wood Duck Box Kits $25.00

Marking Flags Great for driveways, fields, landscaping, surveying or any area that needs to be clearly marked. 3 feet length: • 100 for $20.00 • 50 for $12.00 • 25 for $8.00

Mesh Tree Shelter Sleeves Protection sleeves for your new trees. • 4 foot sleeve with 2 bamboo stakes $2.50 per set. • $1.00 per set when purchasing 20 sets or more.

Books and Maps • US Geological Survey Topographic Maps $7.35 • Thoreau-Wabanaki Trail Waterproof Maps & Guides: • Full Map $9.00 • East Branch of the Penobscot River Map $9.00 • “Forest Trees of Maine” Books $16.00 • Maine Woods Forever “Wildness Within Wildness Without” Books $31.60

Piscataquis County Soil and Water Conservation District Hats $12.00 Soil Test Kits and Water Test Kits are both available free of charge! Piscataquis County Soil and Water Conservation District’s 2020 Annual Tree & Shrub Sale Order Deadline: Wednesday, April 15, 2020 Pick-up Date: Saturday, May 9, 2020 Time: 9am to 12 noon Place: Piscataquis Regional Food Center, 76 North St., Dover-Foxcroft, Maine. Name: ______Address:______Phone:______E-mail:______

CASH OR CHECKS MADE PAYABLE TO PCSWCD MUST ACCOMPANY ALL ORDERS

(For office use only) Order Number: ______Amount Paid: ______

Item Number Number Description Price per Total Price Number of of Package Packages Plants

Submit orders to: Subtotal ______

Piscataquis County SWCD 5.5% Sales Tax ______42 Engdahl Drive (On plants, trees & shrubs only) Dover-Foxcroft, ME 04426 Phone (207) 564-2321 5.5% Handling Charge______(based on subtotal) Extension 3 Email: [email protected] Total ______Mulch Keep weeds and especially grass away from new trees and shrubs. Apply a 2–4" mulch of composted material, leaves, wood chips or hay out as far as the drip line. A 1/2”–1" top- dressing of alfalfa meal beneath the mulch may substantially reduce transplant shock. Keep mulch back several inches from the tree trunk. You can lay down cardboard or newspaper and spread mulch on top of it. Mulch encourages earthworms, holds moisture, keeps down weeds, insulates against excess heat and cold, aerates and loosens soils, builds humus and fertilizes feeder roots, 90% of which are within 6" of the surface.

Make Space for Native Plants We love incorporating native plants back into the landscape. These plants are attractive, natural and beautifully suited to our growing conditions. Here are some you’ll find in our catalog:

Amelanchier Red osier Dogwood Bayberry Dutchman’s Pipe Bearberry Echinacea Birch Elderberry Blackberry American Elm Black Cohosh Balsam Fir Highbush Blueberry Foxglove Lowbush Blueberry Wild Ginger Butterfly Weed Goldenseal Butternut Grape Buttonbush Groundnut Eastern White Cedar Hazelnut American Chestnut Honey locust Chokeberry Blue Flag Iris American Cranberry Kentucky Coffee tree Highbush Cranberry Linden Diervilla Lingonberry Pagoda Dogwood Lobelia Raspberry Sugar Maple Redbud Mock orange Spicebush Mulberry Blue Spruce Nannyberry Alpine Strawberry New Jersey Tea Walnut Northern Wild Raisin Winterberry White Pine Witch Hazel Beach Plum Yarrow