PROJEK MENGGANTI JAMBATAN SEDIA ADA DI FT006/041/93 BARAT DAYA, PULAU PINANG - SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT -
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This document is prepared as a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) for “Projek Mengganti Jambatan Sedia Ada di FT006/041/93 Barat Daya, Pulau Pinang”. Therefore, it is referred to as ‘The Project’.
SIA will study the population in the vicinity of the project area and predict the possible impacts that may occur. For this purpose, a list of criteria has been developed to ensure that the necessary social parameters are documented in the study. Examples of the parameters are demographic and population effects, housing status, labor force effect, economic status, public health, family status effect and public safety.
1.2 PURPOSE
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is described as a systematic analysis of social, economic and cultural impacts of a proposed development project and programs onto individuals and communities where they live. It is undeniable that when a project is constructed, the resulting impacts will eventually affect, directly or indirectly on the surrounding environment and hence, the inhabitants living therein, whether positive or negative. SIA intends to assess impacts that focus specifically on the social considerations, which relates on the bio-physical (environmental) issues. According to Rabel Burdge (The Concepts, Process and Methods of Social Impact Assessment, 2004), SIA is the process of assessing or estimating, in advance, the social consequences that are likely to follow from specific project development, particularly in the context of legislation.
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1.3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objectives of SIA study are:
a) To assess the probable impact of the project, with particular attention to demographic, socio-cultural issues and land use including the recent history of change in land use. b) To provide recommendations to any negative socio-economic effects of the project and maximizing contribution, with particular attention to land use, and to ensure incorporation of local perception in the project.
1.4 STATEMENT OF NEED
According to Town and Country Planning Act 172, Act1522 as mentioned in clause Section 20(B), preparation of SIA is compulsory in the process of planning permission. The manner of conducting SIA may vary, depending on the types of proposed developments.
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF SIA
Besides of having the SIA as part of the compulsory measure in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), there are diverse group that can benefit from the preparation of SIA. The benefits are as follows: a) Tackle critical areas which affect the community development and their needs in each phase of the projects. b) Increasing project’s effectivity by acknowledgment and experience of the locals. c) Assessment of the community’s perspective on the proposed projects. d) Protecting the vulnerable group. e) Improving the quality of life through the presentment of mitigation measures. f) The projects will be conducted in a respectful manner and without any objection during the construction period.
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1.6 SIA AND ITS RELATING POLICIES
1.6.1 National Physical Plan 3 (NPP3)
High scale projects possess great impacts to the environment and its inhabitants, whereby there needs to be a code of policies that control the practice to avoid future implications. The main focus of the NPP3 orientates towards the citizens and their welfares, in conjunction with efficient physical management and sustainability. The proposed projects which enquires SIA will need to adhere to the NPP policies that mainly describes the strategies planned for the betterment of community. Below in Table 1.1 are the policies that are corresponding with the preparation of Social Impact Assessment:
Table 1.1: National Physical Plan 3 Policies THRUST STRATEGIES
PD1: Balanced Urban Growth PD: Urban and Sub-Urban Dynamic PD2: Integrated Sub-Urban Growth Growth PD3: Upgraded Access and Connectivity
KD 1: Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, Food Sources, and Legacy Resources KD: Spatial Sustainability and KD 2: Holistic Land Use Planning Resilience to Climate Change KD 3: Low Carbon City And Sustainable Infrastructure
KI 1: Adequate and Quality Living Environment KI: Establishment of an inclusive KI 2: Livable Community Environment and resilient community KI 3: Community Engagement and Collaboration Source: National Physical Plan 3, 2017.
KI, as being the third policy mainly highlights towards the betterment of population wellbeing. The emphasis on the social improvements as the main focus of sustainable development. Empowerment of individuals and social groups with the skills they acquire to create change within their communities, building better facilities and towards liveability of all walks of life.
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“KI2: Persekitaran Komuniti Berdaya Huni” have elements of livelihood and community integration, which aim to foster a progressive, concerned and active community on the local and national development agenda. Through social impact assessment, community may alert any future development happened to be in their community area.
1.6.2 The Eleventh Malaysia’s Plan (RMKe-11)
The policy framework are concerned with the steps the government make to meet people needs for security, education, work, health, and wellbeing. The plan also addresses how the government responds to national challenges of social, demographic and economic change, and of infrastructures, and globalization.
The essential topics featured in RMKe-11 that focuses on the community and social developments are as follows:
1. Reinforcing inclusivity towards an equitable society.
2. Improving the well-being of the people.
3. Enhance human capital development for developed countries.
4. Strengthening infrastructure to support economic growth.
5. Engineered economic growth to improve prosperity.
In the context of the project, the fifth objective are the most associated with the improvement of the economy to improve prosperity and the social well-being as in the second objective.
1.6.3 National Urbanization Policy 2 (DPN2)
The policy takes on the strategies which encompass on the aspects of realizing a safe, systematic, modern and attractive city. The most relatable policy with the preparation of SIA is Fifth Core: Establishing Prosperous and Environmentally-Friendly City Environment, through the formation of Principle 4: Inclusive and Fair Urban Development. In this principle, the main objectives are to promote household welfares, increment of the income, Bumiputera
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PROJEK MENGGANTI JAMBATAN SEDIA ADA DI FT006/041/93 BARAT DAYA, PULAU PINANG - SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT - group improvement program, increasing youth capability in contribution and accepting benefits from urban developments, and provision of OKU and senior citizens needs in various urban developments. The policies planned mainly targeting the people regardless of the location and socio-economic status, where every walks of life will enjoy the future planning components, in tandem with the policies. These are the intended programs for the social group in the study areas involved in the Social Impact Assessment conduct.
1.6.4 National Social Policy
National Social Policy was established in 2003 and its main focus solely on enhancing quality of life. The strategies comprising few objectives and are implemented in the lower scale sociological studies. Among the objectives covered as per Table 1.2 below:
Table 1.2: National Social Policy and the Relating Strategies Applied in SIA OBJECTIVES STRATEGIES RELATING TO SIA Objective 1 1. Creating multiple opportunities and facilities for every Ensuring individuals, individual, family, and communities can enjoy the basic needs of families, and life and join the stream National development. communities basic 2. Ensure that every individual gets the right of survival, protection, necessities are fulfilled development, and participation as well as to enjoy the needs life- long, not marginalized and excluded from development flows. Objective 2 1. Ensure the right of future generation to live and grow in safe Building and empowering and healthy conditions without being bullied by threats and exploits. lifelong people 2. Establishing individuals who have reached the age of 18 years, who have begun to achieve independent self-reliance in certain economic aspects, are given support, guidance, knowledge, and skills to make decisions about education, employment, family and social relations. 3. Taking steps to ensure that each program planning and drafting of each group is planned and drafted with members’ related groups. Objective 3 1. Recognize the identity, importance and needs of various ethnic groups within the people of Malaysia to create tolerance and mutual assistance in and between different races.
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OBJECTIVES STRATEGIES RELATING TO SIA Strengthen and Develop 2. Ensuring that an organization or agency provides basic social Social Support System needs as well as providing support and guidance to its staff as and Social Services one basic responsibility. 3. Ensuring the organization or agency that provides social services emphasizing staff equipped with social skills and latest technology as well as those directly related to the target group. 4. Making Social Impact Assessment (SIA) applicable to the planning and implementation of all programs and public and private development activities. 5. Determining some social issues reviewed, investigated and analyzed in detail, objective, rational and professional of all aspects and disseminating understanding the social issues to the whole community so that every effort taken to handle it is efficient and effective. 6. Provides facilities for all sectors to carry out services assistance in approaching any party that needs help and guidance. 7. Encourage and support the active participation of the community in the effort creating various types of recovery services for all groups target. Objective 4 1. Enhance and strengthen the role and function of the social Generating Multi- development division at all levels of state, district/district and Sectorial Synergy community administrations. 2. Encouraging Local Authorities to create programs and facilities organized and complete social order in line with physical development and the rapid economy. 3. 3. Awareness of various levels of society to be proactive, deep globalization process by exploiting various opportunities and potential for advancing themselves, families and communities. Source: National Social Policy, 2003.
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CHAPTER 2: SITE BACKGROUND
2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed project involve in this study, which are:
i. Proposed “Projek Mengganti Jambatan Sedia Ada di FT006/041/93 Barat Daya, Pulau Pinang”.
Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) Barat Daya, as the Project Proponent, has planned to replace the existing bridge known as Jambatan Titi Kerawang, located at Mukim 2, 11010 Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang with a new state of the art bridge and upgrading the existing road. The purpose of the replacement of existing Jambatan Titi Kerawang project is to improve connections, operations, and safety for vehicles. The bridge becomes the access road for tourism attraction such as Air Terjun Titi Kerawang and the Penang Escape Theme Park. The existing bridge is quite narrow due to the fact it is unable to cater two passing vehicle from a different direction at once, whereas the new proposed bridge will able the passing vehicles through with ease due to the wider radius and U-shaped design.
The project is located within the island of Penang, in the north of Malaysia. It is located in north-western Penang. The new bridge project is part of FT006 Jalan Teluk Bahang which is the main road connecting Balik Pulau and Teluk Bahang. The radial distance is about 9km from Georgetown and about 6.3km to Teluk Bahang. The project covers an area of approximately 9,661.772m3 (2 acres).
2.2 SURROUNDING LAND USE
The proposed site is located in district of Mukim 2 Barat Daya Pulau Pinang and located at the centre of Balik Pulau and Teluk Bahang. While in the surrounding of site area, there are several settlement areas near with Sungai Rusa and Sungai Pinang, which accommodates few community facilities and commercial services.
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The surrounding area is predominantly residential, and commercial with scattered and planned developments. The settlement areas included in 5 kilometer radius are as shown in Figure 2.1.
Population for each residential areas in 5 kilometer radius can be referred in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Total Population for Each Residential Areas
NO. LOCATION IN RADIUS ESTIMATED POPULATION 1-2km 1 Kampung Batu Kecil 1050 2 Kampung Sungai Pinang NA 3 Kampung Sungai Rusa 1000 2-3km 4 Taman Kuala Sungai Pinang 850 5 Taman Jelita NA 6 Kampung Pantai Acheh 500 3-4km 7 Taman Nelayan 1150 8 Bandar Baru Air Putih NA 9 Kampung Permatang Pasir 1050 4-5km 10 Taman Manggis Indah 400 11 Kampung Titi Teras NA Total 6000 Source: Pejabat Tanah Dan Daerah, Daerah Barat Daya, 2019.
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1KM
2KM
3KM 4KM
5KM
Figure 2.1: Location of Settlement Areas
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2.3 PUBLIC AND ESSENTIAL FACILITIES AND ZONING
The study area was provided with amenities and community facilities such as electric supply, water supply, telephone, road system and drainage system. All the settlements in the study area received electrical supply from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), water supply from dedicated water pump from the basic infrastructure. On the aspects of road and drainage system, it is provided by the government while garbage transportation services are mostly available. Table 2.2 shows some of the facilities available exactly within the study area while Table 2.3 shows the list of facilities within 5km from the proposed site.
Table 2.2: Public Amenities at the Study Area
INFRASTRUCTURES AVAILABILITY REMARKS Electric Supply Yes Provided by Tenaga Nasional Berhad Water Supply Yes - Garbage Transportation Yes Provided by the local authority Services Telephone Yes - Road system Yes - Drainage system Yes - Source: Field data December 2018.
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Table 2.3: Community Facilities Available within the Proposed Project Site
WITHIN 5 KM RADIUS
i. Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Pinang ii. Masjid Jamek Sungai Rusa iii. Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Rusa iv. Masjid Jamek Permatang Pasir v. Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (C) Sin Min vi. Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (C) Chin Hwa vii. Pusat Internet 1 Malaysia Sungai Pinang viii. Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (C) Yu Chye ix. Permatang Pasir Rural Clinic x. Pejabat Kesihatan Barat Daya xi. Pusat Aktiviti Kanak Kanak (PAKK) Sungai Rusa xii. Tabika Kemas Sungai Rusa xiii. Sekolah Rendah Islam Al-Ansar xiv. Prince of Wales International School xv. Masjid Sg. Pinang xvi. Tua Pek Kong Temple xvii. PLKN camp
Source: Field data, December 2018.
Table 2.4 shows the social facilities available surrounding the study area. Being located near rural centre area, the study area is situated in a quite furnished and complete areas which enables services and commercial activities to benefit from any future development. Photo 2.1 and Figure 2.2 show the public facilities in radius 5 km from the proposed site.
Table 2.4: Social Facilities SOCIAL FACILITIES AVAILABILITY Schools Yes Mosque/Surau Yes Public Hall Yes Clinic Yes Public Library Yes Source: Field data, December 2018.
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Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Rusa Permatang Pasir Rural Clinic
Pejabat Kesihatan Barat Daya Pusat Aktiviti Kanak Kanak (PAKK) Sungai Rusa
Tabika Kemas Sungai Rusa Masjid Jamek Permatang Pasir
Photo 2.1: Photos of Existing Developments within 5 KM Radius from Proposed Project Source: Field Data December 2018.
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LEGEND
Figure 2.2: Location surrounding development and facilities
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2.4 NATURAL DISASTER
The purpose of identifying of natural disaster risk areas is to anticipate the calamity and inclusion of risk management measures during the development planning. Impact of natural disaster is needed as one of the important factor in planning and decision making of any development. The severity level for every types of natural disaster in site study can be referred in Figure 2.3 as it is gazetting the proposed project area as tsunami and land slide disaster risk.
Site Area
Figure 2.3: Natural Disaster Risk Area Management in the Site Area Source: National Physical Plan 3, 2017
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2.5 DEMOGRAPHY
2.5.1 Population Profile
The total population of Pulau Pinang in 2010 as mention before was 1,561,383 people. The ethnic composition of Pulau Pinang consists of Malay, Chinese, Indian and others. Table 2.5 shows the total population by ethnic group in Pulau Pinang and indicates that Chinese ethnic has the highest total population with 42.9% while the lowest is Others (0.3%).
Table 2.5: Population according to ethnic group in Pulau Pinang, 2010. TOTAL POPULATION BY ETHNIC GROUP IN PULAU PINANG Malay 636,146 40.7 Bumiputera Other Bumiputera 6,140 0.4 Malaysian Chinese 670,400 42.9 Citizens Indian 153,472 9.8 Others 5,365 0.3 Non-Malaysian Citizens 89,860 5.8 Total 1,561,383 100.0 Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
Barat Daya district has a total population of 202,142 people only in 2010. Table 2.6 shows the total population by ethnic in Barat Daya. Malay ethnic is the majority of the district population with 57.7%, and followed by Chinese ethnic (30.4%).
Table 2.6: Population according to ethnic group in Barat Daya District, 2010. TOTAL POPULATION BY ETHNIC GROUP IN BARAT DAYA Malay 116,733 57.7 Bumiputera Other Bumiputera 985 0.5 Malaysian Chinese 61,371 30.4 Citizens Indian 11,985 5.9 Others 675 0.3 Non-Malaysian Citizens 10,393 5.1 Total 202,142 100.0 Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
2.5.2 Zone of Influence
To evaluate a project’s potential social risks and impacts, the area of influence should be first determined. It is defined as an area which likely to be affected by the project, including all of its ancillary aspects, such as power transmission corridors, pipelines, residential clusters,
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PROJEK MENGGANTI JAMBATAN SEDIA ADA DI FT006/041/93 BARAT DAYA, PULAU PINANG - SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT - village settlements, existing access roads, disposal areas, and construction sites, as well as unplanned development induced by the project (e.g.: small agricultural activity along the access roads, fishing by the recreational areas and food stalls).
Nevertheless, the zone of influence are subjected to the area’s homogenous characteristics and social activities that may associated with the proposed project even when the radius are underlined beforehand. This is due to the possible development impacts in a much farther areas because of certain contributing factors.
2.5.3 Affected Community
Referring to the group of population that are impacted from the proposed project development. Within the 5km radius of the study area, these are the affected community involved and are taken into consideration in the assessment:
a) Host Community i. Residents/ Villagers ii. Employees, Labourer, Retailer iii. Farmers iv. Students v. Cultural activists
b) Surrounding Community i. Business Traders ii. Villagers
Community in the study boundary are bound to be villagers and the town dwellers. The main purpose of studying the affected community is to improve the knowledge and understanding of the diverse cultural dynamics that exist within communities. Having a greater understanding of this background, puts one in a better position to appreciate both the current impacts these characteristics have on communities and how to address the possible issues in the future. Referring from early information acquired during early site visit, it is understood that the social
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Table 2.7: Social Activities in the Study Area
CATEGORY DESCRIPTION HUMAN ACTIVITIES Vegetable and fruits crops Agriculture Farming farming Warehouses wholesale and distributors Commercial and Trading Services and Retail Selling pesticides, weeds and fertilizers Retail and general services Medium and Light Rural Industries especially on Industrial Industries traditional products Educational, professional, or Civil activities social purpose Institution Local festival or community Cultural activities event Religious rituals and classes
2.6 SIA CATEGORY
According to the Second Edition of Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Manual, this proposed development of “Projek Mengganti Jambatan Sedia Ada di FT006/041/93 Barat Daya, Pulau Pinang) for Jabatan Kerja Raya Pulau Pinang is categorized as SIA Category 3, subjected to: Other Development Projects determined by the state and local authorities from time to time.
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CHAPTER 3: STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT
Some of the social impacts that have been identified would not be easily quantified due to its subjective in nature as it involves social behaviour and well-being. Therefore, this intangible nature of human behaviour would be evaluated subjectively. Social indicators such as social displacement, psychological well-being and others are manifested in various behavioural patterns in the community which will be in the form of anxiety or worries, latent or direct social action, hardships and etc. For example, a number of displaced individuals or families would response positively or negatively depending on the approaches taken up by the government or the project proponents. If the proposed compensation does not meet the agreed values, there would be a strong objection and at times rally or social protest may be triggered. Social interaction, for example, is determined whether the individuals are being cohesive or disintegrated. Social change can be temporary or permanent depending on the degree of changes that would be experienced by the community.
3.2 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION TECHNIQUES
3.2.1 The Sampling Framework
A. The sampling framework
The sample of the target populations was established using a two-stage procedure. In stage one, prior to the actual fieldwork, a preliminary and on-site observation was made to determine the locality of the survey site, its physical components and the people perceived to be impacted by the implementation of the proposed project. In stage two, the individual adult respondents were then identified and interviewed.
The data were recorded using specially designed questionnaire, which were used to collect the social profile and the perception of affected community towards the development proposed.
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Each of the respondent selected were interviewed to gather information pertaining the questionnaire can be referred in Appendix 1.
The sampling framework was established using population of the 7 mukims involved within the ZOI radius. The information pertaining the total number of population per mukim was derived from Land and District Office Barat Daya Pulau Pinang. Info below shows the total population permukim included. The total population of settlements inside the ZOI was not selected as total population in determining the sample size as the population for each settlement was not fully derived.
MUKIM POPULATION % Mukim A (Sungai Pinang) 1696 10.6 Mukim B (Sungai Rusa) 1886 11.7 Mukim C (Permatang Pasir) 1957 12.2 Mukim E (Titi Teras 1998 12.4 Mukim 1 (Pantai Acheh) 4,870 30.3 Mukim 3 (Sg. Rusa & Bukit Sg. Pinang) 1,399 8.7 Mukim 4 (Batu Hitam) 2262 14.1 TOTAL POPULATION 16068 100 *the population size is based on data from Land and District Barat daya Office, Pulau Pinang 2018
Based on the data derived, the total population within Mukim involved was 16068. The targeted total number of sample size is determined based on sampling calculation using the estimated population of the mukims as the total population. Based on 6% margin of error and 95% level of confidence, 256 total sample size for survey is determine. Referring to Krejcies and Morgan (1970), the recommended sample size for total population size of 16,000 is 310. However for this study, the sample size adopted is 300 considering the total population of the settlements inside the ZOI is estimated far less than the population of mukims that was used as basis for determining the sample size.
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Figure 3.3-3 shows the calculation method used in determining the sample size.
N = Population Size= 16068 e = Margin of Error=6% z = Z-Score=1.69 p = Percentage Picking a Choice (in decimal) =50%
The surveys were done using stratified sampling technique The respondent were stratified randomly into 5 circular stratum based on the residential area they lived in within the radius of the zone of influence (5KM from proposed site).The survey was conducted on 4th until 7th December 2018 for. The photos during the survey session are shown in Photo 3.1.
Kampung Pantai Acheh Taman Jelita
Taman Nelayan Kampung Permatang Pasir
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Kampung Sungai Rusa Kampung Batu Kecil
Photo 3.1: Photos of Interview Sessions Source: Field Study, December 2018.
The obtained data were analysed using SPSS software where the results were quantitatively tabulated and summarised for report writing purposes. Table 3.1 below are the number of questionnaire distributed according to the distance in radius from the proposed project site in acquiring the feedbacks.
Table 3.1: Sampling Location NO. LOCATION IN RADIUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) 1-2km 1 Kampung Batu Kecil 30 10.0 2 Kampung Sungai Pinang 36 12.0 3 Kampung Sungai Rusa 78 26.0 4 Kuala Sungai Pinang 40 13.3 2-3km 5 Taman Jelita 13 4.3 6 Kampung Pantai Acheh 15 5.0 3-4km 7 Taman Nelayan 15 5.0 8 Bandar Baru Air Putih 22 7.3 4-5km 9 Kampung Pokok Manggis 2 0.7 10 Kampung Permatang Pasir 46 15.3 11 Kampung Titi Teras 3 1.0 Total 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018.
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3.2.2 Sampling Consideration
Three considerations were given in this process. Firstly, is to ensure that the coverage is wide enough to incorporate all those information pertaining to the affected population. Secondly, to ensure that only the respondents from the targeted population were included, and thirdly the data collected are relevant to the subject matter being studied. The sincerity is shown by the respondents during their interviews and small talks that followed prove that they understood the questions and hence their answers could be considered as reliable.
3.3 STUDY FINDINGS
3.3.1 Socio-Demographic Profiles
The total respondents are 300 people, which 61.7% are men and 38.3% are women. The number of respondents according to the ethnicity is tabulated in Table 3.2. These two races, Chinese and Malay, are the most can be found when the SIA site study been conducted, with 58.7% are Malay and 40.3% are Chinese.
Table 3.2: Races of Respondents RESPONDENTS RACE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) Malay 176 58.7 Chinese 121 40.3 Indian 2 0.7 Orang Asli 0 0.0 Other 1 0.3 Total 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
From Table 3.3, majority of the respondents are aging above 60 years group age with 29.3% while the least respondents are aging below than 20 years age group with 0.7% respondents only.
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Table 3.3: Age Group of Respondents RESPONDENTS RACE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) < 20 years 2 0.7 21-30 years 48 16.0 31-40 years 59 19.7 41-50 years 53 17.7 51-60 years 50 16.7 > 61 years 88 29.3 Total 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
From 300 respondents, 84.7% from them are already married as can be seen in Figure 3.1. 8.0% of the respondents are still single while the rest 7.3% are widow and widower. High percentage of married couple may results in higher birth rate and growing population in the future.
Marital Status
Widow/Widower Single 7.3% 8.0%
Married 84.7%
Single Married Widow/Widower
Figure 3.1: Marital Status of Respondents Source: Field Study, December 2018
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3.3.2 Educational Profiles
Education is critical to social and economic development and has a profound impact on population development. From Figure 3.2, majority of the respondents (46.0%) are SPM holder. The second highest educational level of the respondent is Primary level with 17.0%.
Educational Level STP/STPM/HSC 4.0% Diploma 15.7%
Degree 8.0%
SPM/SPMV/MCE 46.0%
Others 4.0%
No Education 0.7% PMR/LCE Primary 4.7% 17.0%
Figure 3.2: Educational Level of Respondents Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.3.3 Occupation Status
From the SIA study conducted, 24.3% of the respondents are working in private sector (refer Table 3.4). Not working and own business respondents follow with 24.7% and 23.0% respectively and completed the top three ranking. For other occupation type, most of the respondents are working as fisherman. By referring to the cross tabulation of educational level and occupation type in Table 3.5, half of the respondents which working as fisherman (others) only have low educational level, which is below than SPM holder.
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Table 3.4: Respondents’ Occupation Type RESPONDENTS NO OCCUPATION TYPE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) 1. Not Working/ Housewife 74 24.7 2. Public Sector 21 7.0 3. Private Sector 73 24.3 4. Business 69 23.0 5. Retiree 15 5.0 6. Others 48 16.0 Total 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
Table 3.5: Cross Tabulation of Educational Level and Occupation Type of Respondents
OCCUPATION TYPE EDUCATIONAL Not Working/ Public Private LEVEL Business Retiree Others Total Housewife Sector Sector No Education 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 Primary 10 2 7 10 0 22 51 PMR/LCE 8 0 0 4 0 2 14 SPM/SPMV/MCE 44 17 27 28 3 19 138 STP/STPM 2 0 4 2 1 3 12 Diploma 8 2 17 18 0 2 47 Degree 0 0 15 3 6 0 24 Others 0 0 3 4 5 0 12 TOTAL 74 21 73 69 15 48 300 Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.3.4 Family Income
The range of income levels earned by the households ranging from below RM500 per month to more than RM6,000 per month which is shown in Table 3.6. Majority of the respondents (26.3%) are earning RM 2,001 – RM 3,000 as their monthly household income. Second highest household income range are RM 3,001 – RM 4,000 with 24.0% and followed by the respondents with household income range RM 1,501 – RM 2,000 per month with 12.7%.
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Table 3.6: Monthly Household Income of Respondents
MONTHLY INCOME RESPONDENTS (%) < RM 500 2.7 RM 500 – RM 1,000 7.7 RM 1,001 – RM 1,500 6.7 RM 1,501 – RM 2,000 12.7 RM 2,001 – RM 3,000 26.3 RM 3,001 – RM 4,000 24.0 RM 4,001 – RM 5,000 6.7 RM 5,001 – RM 6,000 3.3 > RM 6,001 10.0 TOTAL 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.3.5 Property Ownership
In this study, most of the respondents (95.7%) are living in their own residence in as can be seen in Table 3.7. The others 4.3% are just rent from the house owner.
Table 3.7: Property and Land Ownership RESPONDENTS HOUSE OWNERSHIP FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) Own / Family House 287 95.7 Rent 13 4.3 TOTAL 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.3.6 Duration of Residence
To determine the level of precision of the information obtained, in particular with regard to the representativeness of the opinions and perceptions of those who will be directly or indirectly affected by the construction of the proposed project, the respondents were asked to state their status as resident regarding on the length of stay at the present address. This was the expectation that those residents who have been living a long period of time in the area would be able to provide better opinions/views of the potential impact of the proposed project on the local society well. The duration of the residence can be referred in Table 3.8.
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Table 3.8: Duration of Residence RESPONDENTS DURATION OF RESIDENCE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%) 0 - 5 years 23 7.7 6 - 11 years 31 10.3 12 – 17 years 45 15.0 18 - 24 years 42 14.0 More than 24 years 159 53.0 TOTAL 300 100.0 Source: Field Study, October 2018
Based on the survey, majority of the respondents (53.0%) have been living there for more than 24 years. It is as an indication that the residents in this group are originally the prime shapers of the area. They are the most familiar and dominantly associated people with the region. Therefore, their involvement in giving perception and input towards the proposed development are greatly encouraged, qualitatively.
3.4 CURRENT SOCIAL ISSUE
The respondents also been asked about the current social issue that been faced by the respondents through years. From the listed social issue (refer Table 3.9), most of the respondent are agreed (24.0%) on the flood problem in their settlement areas. However, some of places such as Kampung Batu Air Putih is no longer facing this flood issue as Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran (JPS) had already increase the river ban in order to reduce the flood issue.
Table 3.9: Current Social Issues NO. SOCIAL ISSUE YES (%) NO (%) TOTAL (%) 1. Dust 6.0 94.0 100.0 2. Water Quality Problem 1.0 99.0 100.0 3. Health Problem 0.7 99.3 100.0 4. Traffic Congestion 0.0 100.0 100.0 5. Crop Damage 0.0 100.0 100.0 6. Livestock Animal Affected 0.0 100.0 100.0 7. Road Damage 1.0 99.0 100.0 8. Flood 24.0 76.0 100.0 9. Wild Animal Attack 11.7 88.3 100.0 Source: Field Study, December 2018
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3.4 PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE PROPOSED PROJECT
From the survey, most of the respondents (97.7%) are not aware and never heard regarding the project while the rest (2.3%) are aware toward to it (refer Figure 3.3).
Awareness of the Proposed Project
Yes No 2.3% 97.7%
Yes No
Figure 3.3: Awareness of the Proposed Project Source: Field Study, December 2018
As for the result, majority of the respondents did not oppose the proposed project. 99.3% of respondents agreed and 0.7% of them are not convinced of the project (refer Figure 3.4). Most of the respondents agreed on the proposed project as the project shall bring them benefit in many aspects in future such as economic of the local residents. Some of the respondents also request to have a better access to Teluk Bahang as some Teluk Bahang provide more job opportunities to local residents.
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Agreement toward Proposed Project
Agree 99.3%
Disagree 0.7%
Agree Disagree
Figure 3.4: Agreement toward Proposed Project Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.5.1 Level of Concern in Project Impacts
The respondents have been asked regarding their opinion on the convenience of the proposed project. By referring to the Figure 3.5, majority of the respondents (98.0%) feel that the proposed project will bring no harm to them and their settlement areas.
The proposed project may bring harm to them in context of health, water, noise, and air pollution, traffic congestion and flood. The others are agreed on the context as shown in Table 3.10. The proposed project is expected to cause water/ river pollution, and traffic congestion in the future. Mitigation measures are required in reducing the pollution and congestion caused by the proposed project.
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Convenience of Proposed Project
Yes 1.3%
Not Sure 1.0%
No 97.7%
No Yes Not Sure
Figure 3.5: Convenience of the Proposed Project Source: Field Study, December 2018
Table 3.10: Negative Impacts from the Proposed Project
NO. NEGATIVE IMPACTS YES NO 1. Resident’s Health 3. Water/ River Pollution 4. Noise Pollution 5. Air Pollution 6. Traffic Congestion 7. Topography 8. Flood 9. Daily Life Activities Source: Field Study, December 2018
As for the positive impacts of the proposed project, majority of the respondents agreed on the positive impacts that have been listed in Table 3.11. The respondents agreed that the project will help in increasing the job opportunities and socio economic of local residents, smoothing the traffic flow and increase of the public infrastructure at the surrounding area.
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Table 3.11: Positive Impacts from the Proposed Project
NO. POSITIVE IMPACTS YES NO NOT SURE
Increase the job opportunities to local 1. 92.7 4.7 2.7 residents
Increase the socio economic of local 2. 90.7 4.7 4.7 residents 3. Smoothing the traffic flow 94.0 2.7 3.3
Increase the infrastructure at the 4. 86.7 7.3 6.0 surrounding area
Source: Field Study, December 2018
3.6 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS
A measure of impacts on residents towards the proposed project is necessary, not only to give some form of feedback to those concerned but also to provide an assessment of impacts and platform for public participation and their input the decision-making process. There would be qualitative and quantitative methods in the evaluation of potentially significant impacts. The qualitative assessment would cover the intangible effects on human as being very sensitive to changes and those affecting their life. The paragraphs below describe the method of assessment of the SIA study:
3.6.1 Cause-Effect Matrix
The Cause-Effect Matrix is one of the social assessment methods used to identify the relevant issues as it is correlated with the different types of land use along the proposed projects. Table 3.12 shows the quintessential Cause-Effect Matrix during the three phases of development within and outside the radius boundary of study area for the proposed project. The first column shows the project activities and followed by the primary impacts/causes pertaining with the communities or types of land use. Secondary impacts results to the change of a person’s internal wellbeing from the proposed projects, it has profound effects and intangible due to the impacts are experienced by individuals. These were utilized to suit physical and environmental issues against various mitigation measures recommended.
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Table 3.12: Cause-Effect Matrix of Impact Identification and Assessment SECONDARY PROJECT ACTIVITY PRIMARY IMPACTS IMPACTS
Investigation Stage Field reconnaissance No impact No impact Surveying and mapping Drilling and sampling
Initial Site Preparation and Soil erosion Development Stage Air pollution Land survey Loss of Fauna Mobilization of machinery Noise anno and equipment Health problem Vibration Establishment of Generation of solid and temporary facilities on site liquid waste Clearance and removal of Aesthetic problem debris and rubbish
Soil erosion Air pollution Vibration generated by Construction and construction operation Operational Stage Air blast Health problem Clearing of construction Noise annoyance Increase job site involving Aesthetics problem opportunities transportation routes Traffic congestion during Safety risk Piling Works the construction stage Shorter travelling Retaining wall Improved accessibility time and safer construction and connectivity between journey during Pavement and road Teluk Bahang and Balik operational stage furniture Pulau Slab and parapet Reduce traffic congestion especially during festive seasons
*Note: Primary Impacts – Causes pertain with the communities or types of land use. Secondary Impacts – Change of a person’s internal wellbeing
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A straightforward evaluation of these impacts is not easy to achieve, mostly because effects are wide ranging, heterogeneous and difficult to measure in the long term. A comprehensive assessment of different welfare effects can however be fostered based on specific appraisal techniques.
Following a cost-effect analysis approach, the table illustrates the framework for the evaluation of the project. It addresses the most important elements to consider in project appraisal, offers an overview of the different types of effects generally recognizable.
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CHAPTER 4: SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 INVESTIGATION STAGE
Main activities during the investigation stage is comprised of initial studies such as prospecting and geological exploration study and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Exploration stage normally requires the mobilization of manpower and equipment involving the movement of vehicles, primarily along the existing roads. During the actual explorations the main activities are as follows:
Field Reconnaissance Surveying and mapping Drilling and sampling
These initial studies bring no social impacts toward local communities. Even though the residents in the study area are largely agree on the development proposal, it could not be deny there are also part of the resident who express concern that the development would affect their wellbeing especially on their health and safety. This is contributed by the perception of the construction would increase the number of heavy vehicles around the area and the operation would increase pollution. There is also concern of immigrants working at the site during construction and operation that would lead to increasing social problem, due to different cultural understanding and . Thus, part of the community would perceive the development would disturb their existing social wellbeing.
Mitigation Measures
The project proponent should take effort to continuously give correct information towards the community of the related work of the development to alleviate the concern of the community throughout the planning phase and following construction phase. This could be done by holding discussion and sharing information with the local community. Meetings between community representatives could be done from time to time throughout the development period for them to express problem and concern that may arise, during construction and even on operation phase.
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4.2 INITIAL SITE PREPARATION AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE
This site preparation phase mainly involves project kick-off, land survey, mobilization of machinery and equipment, the establishment of temporary facilities on site as well as clearance and removal of debris and rubbish. These activities will be carried out in small scale and in a short period, thereby, it is not predicted to create any major environmental impacts.
4.2 CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATIONAL STAGE
4.2.1 Impact of Community Health Safety and Environment
There are various main activities will be carried out during in this stage, which are clearing of construction site, piling works, retaining wall construction, structural, slab and parapet, pavement and road furniture. Due to heavy main activities, potential impacts may occur and affect the local communities especially those who live in the 5 kilometer radius from the proposed project. Those impacts may occurs such as:
Due to dust generation and dispersion during the earth-moving and Air pollution : construction operations. Generated by the construction operations shall be localized since Vibration : adequate buffer zone provided. Noise generated mainly by heavy machinery and vehicles shall be Noise pollution : localized in nature where its usage will be restricted to daytime only. Due to the changes to the landscape but the modifying of the existing Aesthetics : sea feature shall be able to screen the visibility of construction operation from adjacent interests. During the construction, traffic congestion may occur and distract the Traffic : current traffic flow.
Mitigation Measures
The Project Proponent should be ensure that the construction activities obey any code of conduct in order to reduce and mitigate the possible pollution that may occur as been mention in paragraph before. Moreover, the construction workers should comply the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) during the construction stage, so that the workers and local community safety and health can be ensured.
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In addition, the project proponent should ensure maximum safety as well as minimum release of dust into the air by conducting proper code of practice. Heavy vehicle flow in and out of the construction should be regulated at proper hours to be made sure following the route allowed. The construction is to comply the endorsed development layout.
A systematic Traffic Management Plan (TMP) also need to prepared in order to ensure any aspects that related to traffic flow conflict during construction can be addressed. A good TMP can reduce the traffic impact to the road users. In addition relating to the loss of income source, Project Proponent should pay compensation if any lands involved are owned by the local people.
4.3 OPERATIONAL STAGE
For this proposed project, the operational stage may cause long-term positive as well as negative impacts. The project may increase the access, facilities and services which can cause more satisfaction for the local people and may result in increased the property value. Conversely, the convenience may bring in more traffic and therefore, noise, pollution and poor aesthetics, can be a matter of dissatisfaction to other members of the community.
4.3.1 Impact on Accessibility and Connectivity
As the existing road will be upgraded, the local communities will be benefited with improved accessibility and connectivity of Teluk Bahang and Balik Pulau. This also may help in reducing the traffic congestion that usually occur during the festive seasons and shorter the travelling time from Teluk Bahang to Balik Pulau and vice versa. The project can also increase access to the workplaces, activity centres (Air Terjun Titi Kerawang), services and facilities.
4.3.2 Impact on Employment and Business Opportunities
One of the major economic benefits brought by the project is the convenience for the local residents to commute from Balik Pulau to Teluk Bahang and vice versa. There should be temporary and permanent job opportunities at Teluk Bahang or Balik Pulau, where any local
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CHAPTER 5: SOCIAL IMPACTS MANAGEMENT PLAN (SIMP)
5.1 INTRODUCTION
Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP) is a tool and guidance for the project proponent and other stakeholders to understand the process of identifying, assessing and mitigate the social impacts on the affected community from the development of the proposed upgrading interconnection project. The plans provide guidelines for the project proponent and related agencies to implement the SIMP in the best manner according to the needs of the proposed project. The SIMP matrix covers the impacts and its mitigation measures based on the stages of the proposed project developments.
SIMP is basically necessary to:
i. Explain the outcomes and recommendations of the study, including aspects of Social Development based on community-based consultation ii. State the positive and negative impacts of project development, proposals for intermediate steps and strategies, impact management and implementation methods iii. Expansion during project period (construction phase and operation) iv. Explain the roles and responsibilities that project players, government agencies, particular parties and communities should play in the impact management
5.2 INVESTIGATION STAGE
Activities during the investigation stage is comprised of initial studies before the actual construction take place. The activities to be carried out during this stage geological exploration study, which comprises of field reconnaissance, surveying and mapping and drilling and sampling. These initial studies bring no social impacts toward local communities.
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5.3 CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Most of the impacts on the local residents are caused during the construction activities. These activities have caused air, water and noise pollution and traffic congestion, which may have affected the daily life routine of the local people. In the SIMP matrix as can be referred in Table 5.1, the cause of the impacts has been identified, the mitigation and measured are determined and the respective agencies responsible to expedite or involved in the monitoring and controlling bodies are spell out in the management plan.
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Table 5.1: SIMP Matrix during Construction Stage Desired Monitoring Agency No Social Impact Significance Mitigation KPI Outcome Frequency Involved 1 Traffic Impacts Movement of heavy Medium Better traffic Provide TMP At least During JKR construction Impact: flow Placing manned traffic 70% of the construction PBT vehicles poses a Short term controller on site affected period safety risk and impacts on Appropriate signage for people congestion to local traffics at road user safety. achieve existing public road major roads the target. users.
2 Foreign Labour Migrants Attract more Low Impact No community Supervise relationship At least Weekly DOSH immigrants’ and very low issues related between foreign workers 70% of the MOHR employment significant: to the and local worker and local affected Social conflict immigrants community people between local and Ensure foreign worker achieve foreign workers embrace code of conduct the target. 3 Environmental Quality Site clearing and Low impact Good aesthetic Project proponent need to During DOE construction process and very high value as ensure the development construction PBT can drop the aesthetic significant. before implement the layout plan period value construction and conditions that have activities been approved. Air pollution Medium Better Water browsers to reduce At least Weekly PBT Impact and environmental dust dispersion. 70% of the DOE
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Desired Monitoring Agency No Social Impact Significance Mitigation KPI Outcome Frequency Involved Noise disturbance; very high status to Noise control through affected Air quality JPS and significant: community as noise barrier, exhaust people standard Water pollution Short term good as before noise control on vehicles, achieve the Noise The transport impacts on construction use low noise emission target. standards vehicles can be a local activities. piling method. Water quality source of transient environment Noise control devices and of water noise and air monitoring. bodies pollution through Soil erosion control near Flood control dust and smoke. rivers and drains. programs
5.4 OPERATIONAL STAGE
The operational phase may give long-term impact on the local communities and road users caused by the proposed project. Table 5.2 shows the SIMP Matrix during the operational phase.
Table 5.2: SIMP Matrix during Operational Stage Monitoring Agency No Social Impact Significance Desired Outcome Mitigation KPI Frequency Involved 1 Community Economic Wellbeing Provide Low impact and To connect rural To enhance rural At least 70% of Three JKR improved highly community with urban urban mobility the affected times a LLM accessibility significant. facilities To enhance people achieve year SPAD and Long term as To enhance rural commuting the target JPJ connectivity road users save economic activities facilities PDRM
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Monitoring Agency No Social Impact Significance Desired Outcome Mitigation KPI Frequency Involved on travel time To minimize rural urban Reductions of and shorter travel migration accidents (Better time. Community saving in term highway facility of reduction of travel time and safety and travel cost feature) 2 Environmental Impacts Reduced Low impact and To improve environmental Encourage use of At least 70% Three JKR emission of highly significant quality public transport of the affected times a LLM greenhouse Road users spend Reduced private vehicle Commuting using people achieve year SPAD gases and more fossil fuel usage car-pool and in the target JPJ fossil fuel for the needs Improve public groups PDRM consumption travel demand transportation Use low greenhouse gases emission engines
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5.5 SIMP SCHEDULE
The proposed development of ‘Projek Mengganti Jambatan Sedia Ada di FT006/041/93 Barat Daya, Pulau Pinang’ has planned its construction and to be finished in the year 2020 by stage. As soon as all of the necessary approvals (including the EMP Report) are obtained, the proponent plans shall start the project immediately.
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CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION
Based on the social impact assessment of the proposed development of ‘Projek Mengganti Jambatan Sedia Ada di FT006/041/93 Barat Daya, Pulau Pinang’, most of the respondents agreed with the proposed project as they were not distressed by the proposed project and the project may bring benefits back to them. However, several benefits and negative impacts are unforeseeable. Some of the mitigation measures, and proposed actions, are presented. Therefore, it is up to the project proponent, and the Government to take action on the matters which they may concern and to ensure that the adverse impacts on the affected population can be minimized.
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KAJIAN SOSIO EKONOMI BAGI CADANGAN “PROJEK MENGGANTI JAMBATAN SEDIA ADA DI FT006/041/93 BARAT DAYA, PULAU PINANG”
Penemuduga / Interviewer: ______NO SIRI: Tarikh dan masa / Date and time: ______/______Lokasi / Location : ______
Arahan / Instructions: 1. Tandakan ( ) jawapan atau pandangan anda pada ruangan yang berkaitan (Please tick ( ) your answer or opinion in the appropriate box). 2. Tuliskan jawapan atau pandangan anda pada ruangan kosong yang berkaitan (Please fill ini the blank all your answers or opinions when appropriate)
A. DEMOGRAFI
1. Jantina: 1. Lelaki ( ) 2. Perempuan ( )
2. Bangsa: 1. Melayu ( ) 3. India ( ) 5. Lain-lain ( ) (Nyatakan______) 2. Cina ( ) 4. Orang Asli ( ) (Nyatakan kaum :______)
3. Umur: 1. < 20 tahun ( ) 3. 31-40 tahun ( ) 5. 51-60 tahun ( ) 2. 21-30 tahun ( ) 4. 41-50 tahun ( ) 6. 60 tahun ( )
4. Status Perkahwinan: 1. Bujang ( ) 2. Berkahwin ( ) 3. Duda/ Janda ( )
5. Tahap pendidikan tertinggi anda: 1. Tidak Bersekolah ( ) 4. SPM/ SPMV/MCE ( ) 7. Ijazah Sarjana Muda ( ) 2. Sekolah Rendah ( ) 5. STP/STPM/HSC ( ) 8. Lain-lain ( ) 3. PMR/LCE ( ) 6. Diploma ( ) (Sila nyatakan:______)
B. PEKERJAAN DAN PENDAPATAN 6. Pekerjaan anda: 1. Tidak Bekerja/ Suri rumah ( ) 4. Sektor awam ( ) 8. Bersara ( ) 2. Petani/Pekebun/Peladang ( ) 5. Sektor swasta ( ) 9. Lain-lain ( ) 3. Penternak ______( ) 6. Berniaga ( ) Sila nyatakan:______
7. Anggaran jumlah pendapatan anda sebulan: 1. < RM500 ( ) 4. RM1501-RM2000 ( ) 7. RM4001-RM5000 ( ) 2. RM500-RM1000 ( ) 5. RM2001-RM3000 ( ) 8. RM5001-RM6000 ( ) 3. RM1001-RM1500 ( ) 6. RM3001-RM4000 ( ) 9. > RM6000 ( )
8. Anggaran jumlah pendapatan isirumah sebulan: 1. < RM500 ( ) 4. RM1501-RM2000 ( ) 7. RM4001-RM5000 ( ) 2. RM500-RM1000 ( ) 5. RM2001-RM3000 ( ) 8. RM5001-RM6000 ( ) 3. RM1001-RM1500 ( ) 6. RM3001-RM4000 ( ) 9. > RM6000 ( )
C. PERUMAHAN DAN KEMUDAHAN SOSIAL
9. Status rumah : 1. Rumah sendiri di kawasan perumahan ( ) 3. Rumah sewa ( ) 2. Rumah sendiri di kawasan kampung tradisional ( ) 4. Quarters ( )
10. Status hakmilik tanah: 1. Milik Sendiri ( ) 2. Sewa ( ) 3. Lain-lain ( ) Nyatakan : ______
11. Berapa lama anda telah tinggal di rumah sekarang? 1. 0-5 tahun ( ) 3. 12-17 tahun ( ) 5. Lebih 24 tahun ( ) 2. 6-11 tahun ( ) 4. 18-24 tahun ( )
12. Kemudahan-kemudahan yang anda nikmati / telah disediakan: No. Kemudahan Ada Tiada Lain-lain 1 Bekalan air paip ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______Bekalan elektrik (Tenaga Nasional 2 ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______Berhad) 3 Perkhidmatan pengangkutan sampah ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______4 Kemudahan telefon ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______5 Jalan raya ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______6 Sistem perparitan ( ) ( ) Nyatakan:______
13. Kemudahan sosial disekitar tempat tinggal anda? No. Kemudahan Ya Tidak 1 Sekolah: Tadika ( ), Rendah ( ), Menengah ( ), Agama ( ) 2 Rumah ibadat: Surau ( ), Masjid ( ) Kuil ( ), Gereja ( ) 3 Balairaya / Dewan Orang Ramai ( ) ( ) 4 Klinik Kesihatan : Nyatakan ______( ) ( ) 5 Perpustakaan Awam ( ) ( ) 6 Lain-lain, nyatakan:
D. LATAR BELAKANG KESIHATAN
14. Masalah kesihatan yang dialami oleh ahli keluarga dalam masa 6 bulan lepas: No. Masalah Kesihatan Ada Tiada 1 Demam ( ) ( ) 2 Selsema ( ) ( ) 3 Batuk ( ) ( ) 4 Sesak nafas ( ) ( ) 5 Lain-lain, nyatakan:
15. Di manakah anda/keluarga selalu mendapatkan rawatan perubatan? 1. Klinik kesihatan/hospital kerajaan ( ) 2. Klinik/hospital swasta ( ) 3. Perubatan alternatif/tradisional ( ) 4. Lain-lain, Nyatakan: ______
NILAIMAS SERVICES – PERUNDING EIA, SIA & TRAFIK E. MASALAH SOSIAL SEMASA
16. Apakah masalah sosial semasa yang dihadapi dalam masa 6 bulan yang lepas? No. Aspek Kehidupan yang Terjejas Ya Tidak 1 Masalah habuk ( ) ( ) 2 Masalah kualiti air ( ) ( ) 3 Masalah kesihatan ( ) ( ) 4 Kesesakan lalulintas ( ) ( ) 5 Kerosakan tanaman ( ) ( ) 6 Haiwan ternakan terjejas (sakit/ mati) ( ) ( ) 7 Kerosakan jalan raya ( ) ( ) 8 Banjir ( ) ( ) 9 Serangan haiwan liar ( ) ( ) 10 Lain-lain, nyatakan:
17. Kehidupan anda di kediaman sekarang ini berada pada tahap: 1. Sangat berpuas hati ( ) 3. Sederhana puas hati ( ) 5. Sangat tidak berpuas hati ( ) 2. Berpuas hati ( ) 4. Tidak berpuas hati ( )
18. Jika tidak berpuas hati, apakah aspek kehidupan yang terjejas? No. Aspek Kehidupan yang Terjejas Ya Tidak 1 Masalah habuk ( ) ( ) 2 Bunyi bising ( ) ( ) 3 Tanah runtuh ( ) ( ) 4 Banjir ( ) ( ) 5 Kesesakan lalulintas ( ) ( ) 6 Kerosakan tanaman ( ) ( ) 7 Haiwan ternakan terjejas (sakit/ mati) ( ) ( ) 8 Serangan haiwan liar ( ) ( ) 9 Kebersihan kawasan sekitar ( ) ( ) 10 Pencemaran sungai yang berhampiran ( ) ( )
F. PERSEPSI TERHADAP CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN PROJEK
19. Adakah anda tahu tentang cadangan projek ini? 1. Tahu ( ) 2. Tidak tahu ( )
20. Adakah anda bersetuju dengan cadangan pembangunan projek ini? 1. Bersetuju ( ) Mengapa ______2. Tidak bersetuju ( ) Mengapa______
21. Pada pandangan anda, adakah pembangunan projek ini nanti berkemungkinan akan menjejaskan/ menyusahkan kehidupan anda? 1. Ya ( ) terus ke soalan 22 2. Tidak ( ) terus ke soalan 23 3. Tidak Pasti ( )
NILAIMAS SERVICES – PERUNDING EIA, SIA & TRAFIK 22. Jika ya, apakah kemungkinan aspek kehidupan anda yang terjejas? No. Aspek Kehidupan yang Terjejas Ya Tidak Tidak Pasti 1 Kesihatan penduduk ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 Pencemaran air/ sungai ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 Pencemaran bunyi ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 Pencemaran udara ( ) ( ) ( ) 5 Kesesakan lalulintas ( ) ( ) ( ) 6 Topography (bentuk muka bumi) ( ) ( ) ( ) 7 Banjir ( ) ( ) ( ) 8 Aktiviti kehidupan seharian ( ) ( ) ( ) 9 Lain-lain, nyatakan:
23. Pada pandangan anda, apakah kemungkinan kesan baiknya jika projek ini dibina? No. Kesan Baik dari Pembangunan Projek Ya Tidak Tidak Pasti 1 Menambahkan peluang pekerjaan kepada penduduk setempat ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 Meningkatkan sosio-ekonomi penduduk ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 Melancarkan aliran trafik di kawasan kajian ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 Memperbanyakkan kemudahan infrastruktur di kawasan sekitar ( ) ( ) ( ) 5 Lain-lain, nyatakan:
24. Apakah pendapat atau cadangan anda mengenai pembangunan projek ini? ______
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NILAIMAS SERVICES – PERUNDING EIA, SIA & TRAFIK