Aefeso 001 - Aefeso 1:1-6 1

AEFESO 001 M'NDANDANDA WAZOPEZEKAMO AEFESO 1:1 ...... 6 AEFESO 1:2,3 ...... 8 AEFESO 1:4 ...... 8 AEFESO 1:5 ...... 13 AEFESO 1:6 ...... 15 EFESO - Ephesus ...... 21 PAULO MTUMWI - Paul the Apostle ...... 27 UTUMWI - Apostleship ...... 33 MADALITSO - Blessing ...... 41 CHOKONZEDWERATU - Predestination ...... 48 UMULUNGU - Godliness ...... 53 MGWIRIZANO NDI KHRISTU - Union with Christ ...... 60 AEFESO 001 QUIZ ...... 63

Ku Mayambir Iro a Phunziro la Aefeso Preview to the Study of Ephesians Buku lothandizira lomwe liri lofunikira pa A reference book that is an essential in any phunziro lililonse lomwe limakhudza Mtumwi study that involves the Apostle Paul, whether Paulo, kaya makalata ake kapena zochita zake his epistles or his activities and speeches in the ndi zolankhula zake mu Machitidwe a Atumwi, Acts of the Apostles, is the masterful history ndizo mbiri yake yopambana "Moyo ndi "The Life and Epistles of St. Paul", written in makalata a Paulo woyera", yolembedwa the 19th Century by the Rev. W. J. Conybeare, m'zaka za mazana khumi asanu ndi anai (19th MA, and the Very Rev. J. S. Howson, DD. Centuary) ndi Rev. WJ Conybeare, MA, ndi Rev. JS Howson, DD. Zomwe zili zoyenera, ili ndilo buku langa For what it's worth, this is my all time favorite lokonda kwambiri lachikhristu nthawi zonse! Christian publication! I have studied the book Ndaphunzira kabukuka kawiri ndikuwerenga twice and read parts of it many times. malo ena akabukuka nthawi zambiri. Kuchokera ndime yoyamba ya mawu From the first paragraph of their oyambirira:"Cholinga cha ntchitoyi ndi introduction:"The purpose of this work is to kupereka chithunzi cha moyo wa Paul Woyera give a living picture of St. Paul himself, and of mwini wake, ndi zokhoma zomwe the circumstances by which he was adazunguliridwa nazo." surrounded." Makamaka, iwo anachita zochuluka kwambiri Actually, they did far more than that modest kuposa chiganizo chodzichepetsa sentence indicates. Either Conybeare or chinaonetsedwa. Kaya Conybeare kapena Howson (or both of them) personally walked Howson (kapena onse awiri) adayenda ndi and sailed everywhere that the Apostle

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kukocheza pamtunda kulikonse kumene traveled! Their account is a great travelogue, Mtumwi adayenda! Nkhani yawo an historical tour-de-force, and an insightful

yayikulu ndi maphunziro oyendayenda , mbiri ya Christian analysis and examination of Paul's ulendo wawo wapadera-kuchokera- ministry. Included in the book are the authors' kumphamvu, ndi kulingalira kwabwino own translations from the Greek of Paul's kwachikhristu ndi kufufuza kwa utumiki wa inspired writings! The excerpt below will give Paulo. Zomwe zili m'bukuli ndi masulidwe a you an indication to the depth of thought and olemba a Chigiliki omwe analemba mauthenga careful consideration that went into all their ouziridwa aPaulo! Zomwe zili m'munsizi writing. zidzakupatsani chidziwitso ku lingaliro lozama ndi kulingalira mosamala zomwe zinalembedwa pazolemba zawo zonse. Bukhulo silikusindikidwanso tsopano. The book is out of print now. I am in the Ndikuyesa kusanthula bukuli tsopano process of scanning the book now and ndikupanga maofesi mu Microsoft Word; formatting the files in Microsoft Word; and I ndipo ndatsiriza pafupifupi theka la ntchitoyo. have completed about half of the work. I will Ndidzapangitsa bukuli kukhala gawo la Grace make the book available as part of the Grace Library, posachedwapa nditangomaliza Notes library, as soon as I have completed this ntchitoyi. task. Warren Doud Warren Doud ******************** ******************** Kuchokera ku "Moyo ndi makalata a Paulo From "The Life and Epistles of St. Paul", by Woyera", lolembedwa ndi WJ Conybeare W. J. Conybeare and J. S. Howson, pp. 702- ndi JS Howson, tsamba 702-705 705 Izi ndizo ndime zofotokonzera za chiyambi cha These are Conybeare and Howson's kumasulira kwa Conybeare ndi Howson introductory paragraphs to their translation of kumasulira kwa kalata wa kwa Aefeso. the Epistle to the Ephesians. "Tawona kuti wa kwa Akolose, ndi Filemoni, "We have seen that the above Epistle to the adatumizidwa ndi Tukiko ndi Onesimo, omwe Colossians, and that to Philemon, were adayenda pamodzi kuchokera ku Roma kupita conveyed by Tychicus and Onesimus, who ku Asia Minor, koma si awiri okha omwe traveled together from Rome to Asia Minor. Tikiko adalamulidwa. Tikudziwa kuti Iye But these two were not the only letters with anatenga kalata wachitatu nayenso, koma which Tychicus was charged. We know that he sizinali zoonekeratu kuti ndi ndani yemwe carried a third letter also; but it is not equally analembedwera. Kalata yachitatuyi ndi yomwe certain to whom it was addressed. This third ilibe kutchulidwa kuti ndi kalata ya kwa letter was that which is not entitled the Epistle Aefeso; malingana komwe kalatayi inkapita to the Ephesians; concerning the destination of kuti sizinayankhidwe zikuonetsera kuti sinali which (disputed as it is) perhaps the least ya ku mpingo wa ku Efeso. disputable fact is, that it was not addressed to the Church of Ephesus. "Mfundoyi imakhazikitsidwa ndi umboni "This point is established by strong evidence, wamphamvu, mkati ndi kunja. Poyamba ndi both internal and external. To begin with the zammbuyozo, timanena, Choyamba, kuti former, we remark, First, that it would be sizidzakhala zosamvetsetseka kuti Paul inexplicable that St. Paul, when he wrote to the Woyera, pamene adalembera Aefeso, omwe Ephesians, amongst whom he had spent so adakhala nawo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi omwe long a time, and to whom he was bound by ties

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iye anamangidwa ndi ziyanjano za chikondi of such close affection (Acts 20:17, etc.), should chapamtima chotero (Machitidwe 20:17, ndi not have a single message of personal greeting zina zotero), sayenera kukhala ndi uthenga to send. Yet none are found in this Epistle. umodzi wa moni waumwini kutumiza. Secondly, he could not have described the Chonsecho palibe omwe amapezeka mu Ephesians as a church whose conversion he kalatayi. Sadafotokozera za Aefeso ngati knew only by report (1:15). Thirdly, he could mpingo umene kutembenuka kwake not speak to them, as only knowing himself adakudziwa kuchokera mu lipoti lokha (1:15). (the founder of their church) to be an apostle Chachitatu, sakanatha kuyankhula kwa iwo, by hearsay (3:2), so as to need credentials to ngati kuti akudzidziwa yekha(woyambitsa accredit him with them (3:4). Fourthly, he tchalitchi chawo) kukhala mtumwi ndi could not describe the Ephesians as so zongomva. ngati kungofuna zomuyenereza kuti exclusively Gentiles (2:11; 4:17), and so kuti awerengedwe ndi iwo(3:2) Chachinai, recently converted (5:8; 1:13; 2:13). sakanatha kufotokozera Aefeso monga amitundu okha (2:11; 4:17), ngati atembenuzidwa posachedwa(5:8; 1:13; 2:13). "Umboni wamkatiwu umatsimikiziridwa ndi "This internal evidence is confirmed by the umboni wotsatira wakunjakunso. following external evidence also. 1. Basil woyera akutsimikizira momveka 1.St. Basil distinctly asserts, that the early bwino kuti olemba oyambirira omwe writers whom he had consulted declared that adawafunsira adanena kuti malemba a kalatayi the manuscripts of this Epistle in their time did yawo alibe dzina la Efeso, koma not contain the name of Ephesus, but left out anasiya onse pamodzi dzina la tchalitchi altogether the name of the church to which the chimenem'nthaŵi kalatayo inalembedwa. Iye Epistle was addressed. He adds, that the most akuwonjezera, kuti zolemba zakale kwambiri ancient manuscripts which he had himself zomwe iye anadziwona yekha zinapereka seen gave the same testimony. This assertions umboni womwewo. Zomveka izi za Basil of Basil's is confirmed by Jerome, Epiphanius, zatsimikiziridwa ndi Jerome, Epiphanius, ndi and Tertullian. Tertullian. 2. Mabukhu akale kwambiri omwe tsopano 2.The most ancient manuscript now known to akudziwika kuti alipo, omwe a Library ya exist, namely, that of the Vatican Library, fully Vatican, amalemba mawu a Basil; pakuti bears out Basil's words; for in its text it does m'mawu ake mulibe mawu akuti 'ku Efeso' not contain the words 'in Ephesus' at all; and konsekonse; ndipo iwo amangowonjezera they are only added in its margin by a much mmphepete mwawo mobwerezabwereza later hand. kwambiri. 3. kuchokera ku umboni wa 3.We know, from the testimony of Marcion, Marcion, kuti kalata iyi inali ndi mutu wakuti that this Epistle was entitled in his collection 'KatlataTikudziŵa, wa ku Laodikaya'. Ndipo ulamuliro 'The Epistle to the Laodiceans.' And his wake pa mfundoyi uli ndi udindo wolemetsa authority on this point is entitled to greater kwambiri, kuti iye yekha ndiye mbadwa ya weight from the fact, that he was himself a chigawo kumene tiyenera kuyembekezera kuti native of the district where we should expect mapepala oyambirira a kalatayi apezekako. the earlier copies of the Epistle to exist. "Zomwe takambiranazi zatsimikiziranso "The above arguments have convinced the otsutsa a masiku ano kuti kalatayi ablest modern critics that this Epistle was not siinalembedwere kwa Aefeso koma, panalibe addressed to the Ephesians. But there has not mwa njira inailiyonse, ndi njira yomweyi been by any means the same approach to

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yomwe imagwirizanirana ndi funsoli, kwa unanimity on the question, who were its omwe anali owerenga kalatayi. intended readers. "M'mipukutu yakale kwambiri palibe tchalitchi "In the most ancient manuscripts no church is chomwe chimatchulidwa ndi dzina, mentioned by name, except in those consulted kupatulapo omwe adafunsidwa ndi Marcion, by Marcion, according to which it was malinga ndi zomwe adalembera kwa a addressed to the Laodiceans. Now the internal Laodikaya. Tsopano umboni wamkatiwu evidence above mentioned proves that the umatsimikiziridwa kuti kalatayi inalembedwa Epistle was addressed to some particular ku mpingo kapena mipingo ina anali kulandira church or churches, who were to receive nzeru za. Paul Woyera kupyolera mwa Tukiko, intelligence of St. Paul through Tychicus, and komanso kuti sizinali zolembedwera kudziko that it was not a treatise addressed to the lonse lachikristu, ndipo mawonekedwe a moni whole Christian world; and the form of the akuwonetsa kuti dzina la malo ena liyenera salutation shows that the name of some place kukhazikitsidwa kale. must originally have been inserted in it. "Apanso: ndime zomwe zili mu Mkalata zomwe "Again:the very passages in the Epistle which zatchulidwa pamwamba, zosonyeza kuti have been above referred to, as proving that it sizikanatha kulembedwera kwa Aefeso, could not have been directed to the Ephesians, zimagwirizana mwangwiro ndi lingaliro lakuti agree perfectly with the hypothesis that it was lidalembedwera ku Laodikaya. Komalizira, addressed to the Laodiceans. Lastly, we know tikudziwa kuchokera ku kalata wa kwa from the Epistle to the Colossians, that St. Paul Akolose, kuti Paulo Woyera adalemba kalata did write a letter to Laodicea (Col. 4:16) about ku Laodikaya (Akolose 4:16) pafupi nthawi the same time with that to Colosse. On these yomweyo ndi ku Kolose. Pazifukwa izi, grounds, then, it appears the safest course to zikuwoneka kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri assume that the testimony of Marcion yoganiza kuti umboni wa Marcion (uncontradicted by any other positive (wosatsutsika ndi umboni wina uliwonse), ndi evidence) is correct, and that Laodicea was one woona, ndikuti Laodikaya ndi imodzi mwa at least of the churches to which this Epistle mipingo yomwe kalatayi inalembedwa. Ndipo, was addressed. And, consequently, as we know popeza sitidziwa dzina la mpingo uliwonse not the name of any other church to which it umene adalembedwera, Laodikaya ayenera was written, that of Laodicea should be kukhala amalowetsa m'malo omwe mipukutu inserted in the place which the most ancient yakale yakale imasiyidwa. manuscripts leave vacant. "Komabe, ziyenera kukhala zoonekeratu, kuti "Still, it must be obvious, that this does not izi sizichotsa mavuto onse a funsoli, chifukwa remove all the difficulties of the question. For, choyamba adzafunsidwa, kodi zinatheka first it will be asked, how came the name of bwanji kuti dzina la Laodikaya (ngati poyamba Laodicea (if originally inserted) to have slipped linalowetsedwa) linatulukamo bwanji out of these ancient manuscripts? And again, m'mipukutu yakale iyi? , kodi zinatheka bwanji how came it that the majority of more recent kuti malemba ambiri apamanja apitsidwe manuscripts inserted the name of Ephesus? dzina la Efeso? Mafunso ovuta awa ndi ofanana These perplexing questions are in some ndi mayankho omwe alembedwa ndi measure answered by the hypothesis Archbishopu Ussher, kuti kalata iyi inali kalata advanced by Archbishop Ussher, that this imene imazungulira, yomwe siinalembedwe ku Epistle was a circular letter, addressed to not mpingo umodzi wokha, koma mipingo, one only, but to several churches, in the same mofanana ndi kalatayi kwa Agalatiya way as the Epistle to the Galatians was idatumizidwa ku mipingo yonse ya ku Galatiya, addressed to all the churches in Galatia, and ndipo iwo a ku Korinto adaonetseredwa kwa those to Corinth were addressed to the Akhristu 'm'chigawo chonse cha Akaya.' Christians 'in the whole province of Achaia.'

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"kuoneka uku, Tykiko akadanyamula makalata "On this view, Tychicus would have carried angapo, olembedwa mosiyana, a Laodikaya, several copies of it, differently superscribed, wina, mwinamwake, kwa Hierapolis, wina wa one for Laodicea, another, perhaps, for Philadelphia, ndi zina zotero. Kotero olemba Hierapolis, another for Philadelphia, and so on. oyambirira, osokonezeka ndi zosiyana siyana Hence the early copyists, perplexed by this za m'makope awo, Ambiri mwa iwo diversity in their copies, might many of them akadakhonza kusiya mawu omwe kusiyana be led to omit the words in which the variation kwake kunali: ndipo motero likadakhala dziko consisted:and thus the state of the earliest lakale lodziwika bwino la Epistle known text of the Epistle would be explained. likadadzafotokozedwera. "Pambuyo pake, komabe, monga makope a "Afterwards, however, as copies of the Epistle makalata anafalikira padziko lapansi, zonse became spread over the world, all imported zinatumizidwa kuchokera ku Efeso (likulu la from Ephesus (the commercial capital of the zamalonda za chigawo chomwe kalata district where the Epistle was originally poyamba anafalikira), ikanatchedwa (popanda circulated), it would be called (in default of any dzina lina) kalata yochokera ku Efeso, ndipo other name) the Epistle from Ephesus; and the mipukutu yake ikanakhala yopindulitsa manuscripts of it would be so entitled; and kwambiri, ndipo kuchokera pa khwerero thence the next step, of inserting the name of yotsatira, poika dzina la Efeso kumalo, kumene Ephesus into the text, in a place where some malo ena am'deralo ankafunidwa momveka local designation was plainly wanted, would be bwino, zikanakhala zophweka kwambiri. a very easy one. And this designation of the Kalatayi ikanapambana mosavuta, kuchokera Epistle would the more readily prevail, from kumverera kwachilengedwe kuti Paulo the natural feeling that St. Paul must have Woyera ayenera kulembera kalata ina ku written some Epistle to so great a church of his mpingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa maziko a own founding as Ephesus. iye mwini monga Efeso. "Kotero, nkhani yodalirika kwambiri "Thus the most plausible account of the origin yokhudzana ndi chiyambi cha kalata iyi of this Epistle seems to be as follows. Tychicus ikuwoneka motere:Tukiko anali pafupi was about to take his departure from Rome for kuchoka ku Rome ku Asia Minor, Paul Wotera Asia Minor. St. Paul had already written his anali atalemba kale kalata yake yopita kwa Epistle to the Colossians at the request of Akolose pa pempho la Epafras yemwe anali Epaphras, who had informed him of their Atamuuza za zoopsa zawo. koma Tukiko adali danger. But Tychicus was about to visit other pafupi kuyendera malo ena, omwe, ngakhale places, which, though not requiring the same kuti sanafunikire chenjezo lomwelo ndi warning with Colosse, yet abounded in Akolose, komabe adakhazikika mwa ambiri a Christian converts. Most of these had been Akhristu omwe adatembenuka mtima. Ambiri heathens, and their hearts might be cheered mwa iwo anali achikunja, ndipo mitima yawo and strengthened by words addressed directly ingasangalale ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi mawu to themselves from the great Apostle of the otchulidwa mwachindunji kwa iwo okha Gentiles, whose face they had never seen, but kuchokera kwa Mtumwi wamkulu wa whose name they had learned to reverence, Amitundu, yemwe nkhope yawo inali and whose sufferings had endeared him to isanamuwonepo, koma yemwe dzina lake their love. lomwe adaphunzira kulilemekeza, ndipo amene zowawa zake zidakopa chikondi chawo. "Mipingo yomwazika (imodzi mwa iyo inali "The scattered churches (one of which was Laodikaya) inali yofanana kwambiri, ndipo Laodicea) had very much in common, and onse akanapindula mofanana ndi malangizo would all be benefited by the same instruction

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omwewo ndiponso chilimbikitso. Popeza and exhortation. Since it was not necessary to sikunali koyenera kukumana chosowa cha meet the individual case of any one of them, as aliyense wa iwo, mosiyana ndi ena onse , distinct from the rest, St. Paul wrote the same Mtumwi Paulo adalemba kalata yomweyi kwa letter to them all, but sent to each a separate onse, koma adatumizira kwa wina aliyense copy authenticated by the precious stamp of chizindikiro chimodzi chovomerezeka ndi his own autograph benediction. And the chofunika cha ubwino wake wodzipereka. contents of this circular epistle naturally bore Ndipo zomwe zili mu kalatayi a strong resemblance to those of the letter mwachilengedwe zimakhala zofanana which he had just concluded to the Colossians, kwambiri ndi za kalata yomwe zomwe because the thoughts which filled his heart at zatsimikizika mu kalata ya kwa Akolose, the time would necessarily find utterance in chifukwa malingaliro omwe adadzaza mtima similar language, and because the wake anali ndi mawu ofanana, circumstances of these churches were in komanso chifukwa mkhalidwe wa mipingo themselves very similar to those of the imeneyipanthaŵiyo inali yofanana kwambiri ndi ya Colossian church, except that there were not mpingo wa ku Kolose, kupatula kuti infected with the peculiar errors which had sanatengere zolakwa zapadera zomwe crept in at Colosse. zinalowa mu Kolose. "Kalata yomwe analemba motero ili ndi "The Epistle which he thus wrote consists of magawo awiri: choyamba, chiphunzitso, ndipo, two parts:first, a doctrinal, and, secondly, a kachiwiri, chigawo chotsatira. Gawo loyamba hortatory portion. The first part contains a liri ndi chidule, mosasunthika (makamaka summary, very indirectly conveyed (chiefly in mwa chiyamiko), za ziphunzitso zachikristu the form of thanksgiving), of the Christian zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa ndi Paul Woyera, doctrines taught by St. Paul, and is especially ndipo ndiwodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha remarkable for the great prominence given to kutchuka kwakukulu kotheka kuthetsa the abolition of the Mosaic Law. The hortatory chilamulo cha Mose.Padera, yomwe part, which has been so dear to Christians of idakondedwa kwambiri kwa Akhristu a every age and country, enjoins unity m'badwo uliwonse ndi dziko lonse, (especially between Jewish and Gentile imalumikiza mgwirizano (makamaka pakati pa Christians), the renunciation of heathen vices, Ayuda ndi achiyuda), kunyoza makhalidwe and the practice of Christian purity. oipa, ndi chiyero cha chikhristu. "Inaika malamulo (mofanana ndi omwe ali mu "It lays down rules (the same as those in the Epistle kwa Colosse, mwa mawonekedwe Epistle to Colosse, only in an expanded form) owonjezera) kuti akwaniritse ntchito zamoyo for the performance of the duties of domestic wa pakhomo, ndipo akudandaulira life, and urges these new converts, in the midst otembenuka mtima atsopanowa, pakati pa of the perils which surrounded them, to zoopsa zomwe zawazungulira, kuti apitirize continue steadfast in watchfulness and prayer. kukhala Okhazikika mu kudikirira ndi Such is the substance, and such was most kupemphera. Izi ndizofunika, ndipo izi mwina probably the history, of the Epistle. ndizo mbiri, ya kalatayi. [Kutha kwa mau. ] [ End of quotation. ] AEFESO 1:1 Ephesians 1:1 Paulo, mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu mwa chifuniro Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, cha Mulungu, kwa oyera omwe ali ku Efeso, ndi to the saints who are at Ephesus, and to the kwa okhulupirika mwa Khristu Yesu:" faithful in Christ Jesus:"

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Paulo :mlembi wa kalata. Paul:the author of the letter. Mutu: PAUL Topic:PAUL mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu kuchokera ku an apostle of Jesus Christ from (apostolos), (apostolos ), kutanthauza "mtumiki meaning “special messenger” or “one sent with wapadera" kapena "wotumidwa ndi uthenga. a message. Paul belongs to Jesus Christ. Paulo ndi wa Yesu Khristu. mwa chifuniro cha Mulungu :osati chilolezo by the will of God:not merely the permission cha Mulungu, koma Paulo mwachiwonekere ali of God, but Paul is clearly under the authority pansi pa cholinga cha cholinga chabwino cha of God’s clear purpose. God the Father has Mulungu.Mulungu Atate adatsogolera Paulo directed Paul to undertake the ministry of kuchita utumiki wa utumwi. apostleship. Kotero, Paulo akulemba ndi mphamvu. Ali ndi Therefore, Paul writes with authority. He has choonadi cha Mulungu, kotero iye akhoza God’s truth, so he can be dogmatic, kutsimikizira, wovomerezeka. authoritative. kwa oyera - "oyera mtima"; "opatulidwa" to the saints - "holy ones”; “set-apart ones" Akhristu ndi oyera mwa udindo, osati Christians are saints by position, not by mwaumwini. Akristu adasiyanitsidwa m'njira personal merit. Christians are set apart in zambiri:ndife mamembala a banja lachifumu la many ways:we are members of God's royal Mulungu, ndife olandira a Mulungu ndi family, we are heirs of God and joint heirs with olandira cholowa pamodzi ndi Khristu, Christ, we are sealed by the Holy Spirit. God's timasindikizidwa ndi Mzimu Woyera. Chisomo grace picked us up when we were lost and cha Mulungu chinatisankha ife pamene ife helpless and made us members of His royal tinatayika ndi opanda thandizo ndipo family. But we don't deserve any of it. tinatipanga ife mamembala a banja Lake lachifumu. Koma ife sitikuyenerera chirichonse cha izo. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira, komabe, kuti It is important to remember, however, that ngakhale kuti tapulumutsidwa mwa chisomo, although we are saved by grace, we are called timayitanidwa kukhala moyo wolekanitsidwa, to live separated lives, lives of godliness. miyoyo yaumulungu. Sintha sikutenga ochepa Sainthood is not the attainment of a select few, okha, koma ndi mwayi ndi udindo wa Mkhristu but it is the privilege and responsibility of aliyense. Aef. 2:10 akunena kuti ndife "... every Christian. Eph. 2:10 states that we are adalengedwa ku ntchito zabwino, zomwe "...created unto good works, which God has Mulungu adazikonzeratu kuti tiyende mwa before ordained that we should walk in them." iwo." Chipulumutso mwa chisomo si "chosavuta Salvation by grace is not "easy believe-ism". kukhulupirira-ism". Moyo wachikhristu ndi The Christian life is very demanding in terms wovuta kwambiri ponena za umunthu wa of personal character, behavior, and Christian munthu, khalidwe lake, ndi utumiki service. The book of Ephesians (and wachikhristu.Bukhu la Aefeso (ndi Akolose, ndi Colossians, and Titus, and Romans, etc. etc.) Tito, ndi Aroma, ndi zina zotero) zimasonyeza demonstrates that every Christian is in full- kuti Mkhristu aliyense ali mu utumiki wa time Christian service, that 100% of one's time, nthawi zonse, kuti nthawi ya munthu, talente, talent, and treasure belong to God and His ndi chuma chake ndi za Mulungu ndi utumiki service on this earth. Nevertheless, all of the wake pa izi dziko lapansi.Komabe, mphamvu power and resources required for us to carry

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zonse ndi zofunikira zomwe tikufunikira kuti out God's plan for us are provided by God by tichite dongosolo la Mulungu kwa ife means of grace. zimaperekedwa ndi Mulungu mwa chisomo. WERENGANI Akolose chaputala 3 READ Colossians chapter 3 ( ku Efeso ):kalatayi inalembedwa ku (at Ephesus):the letter is written either to the tchalitchi chachikulu ku Efeso kapena gulu la large church at Ephesus or to a group of mipingo ku Asia Minor kuphatikizapo Efeso. churches in Asia Minor including Ephesus. The Kalatayo inafalitsa ambiri ndipo matchalitchi letter circulated widely and many churches in ambiri ku Asia Minor anali ndi makope. Asia Minor had copies. ndi kwa okhulupirika mwa Khristu Yesu and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:those who :iwo omwe ali ndi chikhulupiriro mwa Khristu, have faith in Christ, in God’s Word, and who mu Mawu a Mulungu, ndi omwe amasonyeza show fidelity to the Lord; those in union with kukhala okhulupirika kwa Ambuye; omwe ali Christ. ogwirizana ndi Khristu. Chiphunzitso cha Mgwirizanowu ndi Khristu The doctrine of Union with Christ (Positional (Chowonadi Chotsimikizika) chidzachitidwa Truth) will be dealt with when we study Eph. pamene tiphunzira Aefeso.1:7. 1:7. AEFESO 1:2,3 Ephesians 1:2,3 Chisomo kwa inu ndi mtendere wochokera kwa Grace to you and peace from God our Father and Mulungu Atate wathu ndi kwa Ambuye Yesu from the Lord Jesus Christ." Khristu. " Wodala akhale Mulungu ndi Atate wa Ambuye Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus wathu Yesu Khristu amene watidalitsa ndi Christ who has blessed us with all spiritual madalitso onse auzimu:" blessings:" Mutu:KULEMEKEZERA [Phunzirani nkhaniyi Topic:BLESSING [Study this topic before musanapitirize.] proceeding.] Kodi Paulo ndi Barnaba amagwiritsa bwanji How did Paul and Barnabas use the concept of ntchito mdalitso waukulu kuti alalikire anthu general blessing to evangelize people who omwe sadziwa Mulungu? were totally ignorant of God? Machitidwe 14:8-18 Acts 14:8-18 Machitidwe 17:16-29 Acts 17:16-29 AEFESO 1:4 Ephesians 1:4 Monga adatisankhira ife asanaikidwe maziko a According as he has chosen us in him before the dziko lapansi, kuti tikhale oyera ndi opanda foundation of the world, that we should be holy mlandu pamaso pake: and without blame before him: monga ( kathos ):"mwa njira yomwe; according as (kathos):"in the manner that; momwe; mwa njira zotani" how; in what manner" iye wasankha ife ( eklego ), "kusankha he has chosen us (eklego), “to choose or kapena kusankha; kusankha kuti ali select; to choose out as the recipients of special ovomerezeka ndi mwayi wapadera ". Mawu favor or privilege”. This word indicates the

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awa amasonyeza cholinga chomwe purpose for which the choice was made. chisankhocho chinapangidwira. 1 Petro 2:9,10 1 Peter 2:9,10 9 Koma inu ndinu mbadwo wosankhika, ansembe 9 But you are a chosen generation, a royal achifumu, mtundu wopatulika, anthu ake priesthood, a holy nation, His own special apadera, kuti mulalikire matamando a Iye amene people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him adakuitanani kuchoka mumdima kulowa who called you out of darkness into His mukuwawala kwake kodabwitsa; marvelous light; 10 omwe kale sanali anthu koma tsopano ndi 10 who once were not a people but are now the anthu a Mulungu, omwe sanalandire chifundo people of God, who had not obtained mercy but koma tsopano adalandira chifundo. now have obtained mercy. Yakobo 2:5 James 2:5 Mverani, abale anga okondedwa:Kodi Mulungu Listen, my beloved brethren:Has God not chosen sanasankhe osauka a dziko lapansi kuti akhale the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs olemera m'chikhulupiriro ndi oloŵa nyumba a of the kingdom which He promised to those who Ufumu umene Iye analonjeza kwa iwo love Him? akumkonda Iye? WERENGANI Mateyu 24:21-31 READ Matthew 24:21-31 WERENGANI Aroma 8:28-39 READ Romans 8:28-39 2 Atesalonika 2:13,14 2 Thessalonians 2:13,14 13 Koma ife tiyenera kuyamika Mulungu nthawi 13 But we are bound to give thanks to God zonse chifukwa cha inu, abale okondedwa ndi always for you, brethren beloved by the Lord, Ambuye, chifukwa Mulungu kuyambira pa because God from the beginning chose you for chiyambi adakusankhani inu kuti mupulumuke salvation through sanctification by the Spirit and mwa kuyeretsedwa mwa Mzimu ndi belief in the truth, chikhulupiriro mu choonadi, 14 to which He called you by our gospel, for the 14 Amene adakulankhani inu mwa Uthenga obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. Wabwino wathu, kuti mulandire ulemerero wa Ambuye wathu Yesu Khristu. mwa Iye :Mkhristu ali wogwirizana ndi Yesu in Him:a Christian is in union with Jesus Khristu. Ife ndife "mamembala a thupi Lake." Christ. We are "members of His body." Mutu:UNION NDI KHRISTU (Chowonadi Topic:UNION WITH CHRIST (Positional Truth) Chokhazikika) maziko asanayambe ( kataboleis before the foundation ):"maziko;kuyambira " (kataboleis):“foundation; beginning” Mulungu Atate anali kuganizira za ife ngakhale God the Father was thinking about us even chilengedwe chisanayambe. Mu chidziwitso before the creation. In His omniscience, He Chake, Iye anatikonda ndipo Iye adadziwa loved us and He knew our wretched fallen mkhalidwe wathu wakugwa wowawa. Kotero condition. So by His grace He made provision mwa chisomo Chake Iye anapanga zopereka za for our salvation by making it possible for us to chipulumutso chathu mwa kuchititsa kuti ife be united with His Son, Jesus Christ. tikhale ogwirizana ndi Mwana Wake, Yesu Khristu.

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wa dziko ( kosmos ):"dziko; of the world (kosmos):“the world; the chilengedwe;zinthu zonse " universe; all things” Mateyu 25:31-34 Matthew 25:31-34 31 "Pamene Mwana wa Munthu adzadza mu 31 “When the Son of Man comes in His glory, ulemerero Wake, ndi angelo oyera onse pamodzi and all the holy angels with Him, then He will sit ndi Iye, pomwepo Iye adzakhala pampando on the throne of His glory. wacifumu wace. 32 All the nations will be gathered before Him, 32 Mitundu yonse idzasonkhanitsidwa pamaso and He will separate them one from another, as pake, ndipo Iye adzawalekanitsa wina ndi mzake, a shepherd divides his sheep from the goats. monga m'busa amagawanitsa nkhosa ndi mbuzi. 33 And He will set the sheep on His right hand, 33 Ndipo adzaika nkhosa kudzanja lake lamanja, but the goats on the left. koma mbuzi kumanzere. 34 Then the King will say to those on His right 34 Ndipo Mfumu idzanena kwa iwo akudzanja hand, ‘Come, you blessed of My Father, inherit Lake lamanja, Idzani, inu odalitsika a Atate the kingdom prepared for you from the wanga, landirani ufumu wokonzedwera inu foundation of the world: kuyambira chikhazikitso cha dziko lapansi: Yohane 17:24-26 John 17:24-26 24 "Atate, ndifuna kuti iwo amene mwandipatsa 24 “Father, I desire that they also whom You akhale ndi Ine kumene ndiri, kuti aone ulemerero gave Me may be with Me where I am, that they wanga umene mwandipatsa; pakuti Inu may behold My glory which You have given Me; munandikonda Ine asanaikidwe maziko a dziko. for You loved Me before the foundation of the 25 Atate wolungama! Dziko silikudziwani Inu, world. koma Ine ndikukudziwani Inu; ndipo awa adziwa 25 O righteous Father! The world has not known kuti Inu munandituma. You, but I have known You; and these have 26 Ndipo ndawafotokozera dzina lanu, ndipo known that You sent Me. ndidzalengeza, kuti chikondi chimene 26 And I have declared to them Your name, and mudandikonda nacho chikhale mwa iwo, ndi Ine will declare it, that the love with which You loved mwa iwo. Me may be in them, and I in them. kuti tikhale oyera ( hagios ):"opatulidwa, that we should be holy (hagios):"set apart; opatulidwa" sanctified" Mkhristu wapatulidwa (woyeretsedwa) ndi A Christian has been set apart (sanctified) by Mulungu. Chiganizo cha cholinga apa God. The purpose clause here shows that by chikuwonetsa kuti posankhidwa mwa Khristu being chosen in Christ we began our Christian tinayamba moyo wathu wachikhristu monga lives as “set apart” individuals. God intends for "wopatulidwa" payekha. Mulungu akufuna kuti us to stay in fellowship, to keep apart from the ife tikhale mu chiyanjano, kuti tisakhale world we live in, to be separated from kosmos osiyana ndi dziko lomwe tikukhalamo, kuti doctrines, to be yielded, etc. tisiyane ndi ziphunzitso za kosmos, kuti tiperekedwe, ndi zina zotero. Aroma 12:1,2 Romans 12:1,2 Chifukwa chake ndikudandaulirani, abale, mwa I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the zifundo za Mulungu, kuti mupereke matupi anu mercies of God, that you present your bodies a nsembe yamoyo, yopatulika, yokondweretsa living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is Mulungu, ndiyo ntchito yanu yololera. your reasonable service. 2 Ndipo musafanizidwe ndi dziko lino lapansi, 2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be

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koma musandulike mwa kukonzanso kwa mtima transformed by the renewing of your mind, that wanu, kuti muzindikire chimene chili chifuniro you may prove what is that good and acceptable cha Mulungu chabwino, chovomerezeka ndi and perfect will of God. changwiro. Ekisodo 19:6 Exodus 19:6 6 Ndipo mudzakhala ufumu wanga wa ansembe 6 And you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests ndi mtundu wanga woyera. Awa ndiwo mau and a holy nation.’ These are the words which omwe mudzalankhula kwa ana a Israeli. " you shall speak to the children of Israel.” Levitiko 19:2-4 Leviticus 19:2-4 2 "Uza khamu lonse la ana a Isiraeli kuti, 2 “Speak to all the congregation of the children 'Muzikhala oyera, pakuti ine Yehova Mulungu of Israel, and say to them:‘You shall be holy, for I wanu ndine woyera. the Lord your God am holy. 3 "Aliyense wa inu azilemekeza mayi ake ndi 3 ‘Every one of you shall revere his mother and bambo ake, + ndipo musunge Sabata langa. + Ine his father, and keep My Sabbaths:I am the Lord ndine Yehova Mulungu wanu. your God. 4 "Musatembenukire ku mafano, + ndipo 4 ‘Do not turn to idols, nor make for yourselves musadzipangire milungu yonyengedwa. + Ine molded gods:I am the Lord your God. ndine Yehova Mulungu wanu. Luka 1:74,75 Luke 1:74,75 74 Kutipatsa ife kuti, Kupulumutsidwa ku dzanja 74 To grant us that we,Being delivered from the la adani athu, Titha kumutumikira popanda hand of our enemies, Might serve Him without mantha, fear, 75 Mu chiyero ndi chilungamo pamaso pa Iye 75 In holiness and righteousness before Him all masiku onse a moyo wathu. the days of our life. WERENGANI Aefeso 4:22-32 READ Ephesians 4:22-32 ndipo opanda chirema ( amomos ):"opanda and without blame (amomos):“without chilema; wopanda cholakwa " blemish; faultless” Afilipi 2:13-16 Philippians 2:13-16 13 pakuti ndi Mulungu amene amagwira ntchito 13 for it is God who works in you both to will and mwa inu kufuna ndi kuchita pofuna to do for His good pleasure. kukondweretsa kwake. 14 Do all things without complaining and 14 Chitani zonse popanda kudandaula ndi disputing, kutsutsana, 15 that you may become blameless and 15 Kuti mukakhale opanda chilema ndi wopanda harmless, children of God without fault in the choyipa, ana a Mulungu opanda cholakwa pakati midst of a crooked and perverse generation, pa m'badwo wopotoka ndi wopotoka, mwa iwo among whom you shine as lights in the world, amene muwala mongawala m'dziko lapansi, 16 holding fast the word of life, so that I may 16 Ndikusunga mawu a moyo, kuti ndikondwere rejoice in the day of Christ that I have not run in m'tsiku la Khristu, kuti sindidathamanga pachabe, vain or labored in vain. kapena kuvutikira pachabe. 1 Atesalonika 3:12,13 1 Thessalonians 3:12,13 12 Ndipo Ambuye akuwonjezereni ndi 12 And may the Lord make you increase and kuchulukitsana m'chikondi wina ndi mzake, ndi abound in love to one another and to all, just as kwa onse, monganso ife tikuchitira inu, we do to you,

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13 Kuti akakhazikike mitima yanu yopanda 13 so that He may establish your hearts chilema pamaso pa Mulungu ndi Atate wathu blameless in holiness before our God and Father pakufika kwa Ambuye wathu Yesu Khristu at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ with all His pamodzi ndi oyera mtima ake onse. saints. Aefeso 5:26,27 Ephesians 5:26,27 26 kuti amyeretsedwe ndi kuyeretsa ndi 26 that He might sanctify and cleanse her with kusamba kwa madzi ndi mawu, the washing of water by the word, 27 Kuti amupereke kwa Iye yekha Mpingo 27 that He might present her to Himself a waulemerero, wopanda banga kapena khwinya glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle or any kapena kanthu kena kake, koma akhale woyera such thing, but that she should be holy and ndi wopanda chilema. without blemish. Ahebri 9:14 Hebrews 9:14 kuli bwanji mwazi wa Khristu, amene mwa how much more shall the blood of Christ, who Mzimu wosatha adadzipereka yekha wopanda through the eternal Spirit offered Himself banga kwa Mulungu, kuyeretsa chikumbumtima without spot to God, cleanse your conscience chanu ku ntchito zakufa kuti mutumikire from dead works to serve the living God? Mulungu wamoyo? 1 Petro 1:19 1 Peter 1:19 koma ndi mwazi wamtengo wapatali wa Khristu, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a ngati wa mwana wopanda nkhosa wopanda lamb without blemish and without spot. chirema ndi wopanda banga. Yuda 24 Jude 24 Tsopano kwa Iye amene akhoza kukupunthitsani Now to Him who is able to keep you from kuti musapunthwe, ndi kukuwonetsani inu stumbling, And to present you faultless Before opanda chilema Pamaso pa ulemerero wa the presence of His glory with exceeding joy, ulemerero wake, Chivumbulutso 14:5 Revelation 14:5 Ndipo mkamwa mwawo simunapezeke And in their mouth was found no deceit, for they chinyengo, pakuti iwo alibe cholakwa pamaso pa are without fault before the throne of God mpando wachifumu wa Mulungu pamaso pake :" mu kupezeka Kwake " before Him:“in His presence” M'mavesi awa tikuyamba kuphunzira za In these verses we are beginning the study of lingaliro la chiyero chachikhristu ndi opanda the concept of Christian holiness and cholakwa monga gawo la njira yachikhristu ya blamelessness as part of the Christian way of moyo.Taona mu Aef. 1:4 kuti wokhulupirira life. We see in Eph. 1:4 that a believer is chosen amasankhidwa mwa Khristu kukhala "woyera in Christ to be “holy and blameless”. ndi wopanda cholakwa". Izi zikubweretsa lingaliro la chiyero cha This brings up the concept of positional chikhalidwe: chilungamo chimene tili nacho holiness:the righteousness we have because chifukwa tiri mwa Yesu Khristu. Sitili oyera we are in Jesus Christ. We are not holy because chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chathu kapena of our behavior or good character, but because khalidwe lathu labwino, koma chifukwa we have been united with Christ, the Holy One. takhala olumikizidwa ndi Khristu, Woyera. Iye He took our sin upon Himself, so that we could anatenga machimo athu pa Iye mwini, kuti ife

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tikhoze kupatsidwa mwaufulu chilungamo cha be freely given the righteousness of God. Mulungu. 2 Akorinto 5:21 2 Corinthians 5:21 Pakuti Iye anamupanga Iye yemwe sankadziwa For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for tchimo kuti akhale tchimo kwa ife, kuti ife us, that we might become the righteousness of tikhoze kukhala chilungamo cha Mulungu mwa God in Him. Iye. Tidali otaika: Mulungu mwa chifundo chake We were losers:God in His mercy made it chinapangitsa kuti tikhale opambana possible for us to be winners by accepting povomereza Khristu ndi kulandira chilungamo Christ and receiving righteousness as a free monga mphatso yaulere. gift. 1 Petro 2:9,10 1 Peter 2:9,10 9 Koma inu ndinu mbadwo wosankhika, ansembe 9 But you are a chosen generation, a royal achifumu, mtundu wopatulika, anthu ake priesthood, a holy nation, His own special apadera, kuti mulalikire matamando a Iye amene people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him adakuitanani kuchoka mumdima kulowa who called you out of darkness into His mukuwawala kwake kodabwitsa; marvelous light; 10 omwe kale sanali anthu koma tsopano ndi 10 who once were not a people but are now the anthu a Mulungu, omwe sanalandire chifundo people of God, who had not obtained mercy but koma tsopano adalandira chifundo. now have obtained mercy. AEFESO 1:5 Ephesians 1:5 Mu chikondi atatikonzeratu ife ku In love having predestinated us unto the kukhazikitsidwa kwa ana mwa Yesu Khristu kwa adoption of children by Jesus Christ unto Iyemwini " Himself" mwa chikondi :( en + agapei ):chikondi cha in love:(en + agapei):mental love; soul love. maganizo; chikondi cha moyo. (Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti "m'chikondi" (While the words "in love" appear at the end of amawoneka kumapeto kwa vesi 4 mu KJV, verse 4 in the KJV, other versions, and many zimasuliro zina, ndi olemba ndemanga ambiri, commentators, believe the phrase belongs at amakhulupirira kuti mawuwa ali pachiyambi the beginning of verse 5.) cha vesi 5.) Ichi ndi chikondi chomwe sichaumunthu This is an impersonal love which has no chikondi chomwe chiribe chidziwitso romantic connotation. Here “love” refers to the chachikondi chogonana. Apa "chikondichi" love of God the Father as that which motivates chimatanthawuza chikondi cha Mulungu Atate Him to execute His plan. This love led God to monga chomwe chimamupangitsa Iye arrange Propitiation for our sins so that He kukwaniritsa dongosolo Lake. Chikondi ichi could associate with us without His perfect chinamutsogolera Mulungu kukonza character being compromised. Chiwombolo cha machimo athu kuti athe kuyanjana ndi ife popanda khalidwe Lake langwiro kusokonezedwa. atatikonzeratu ( proorizo having predestinated us (proorizo):“to ):"kukonzeratu;kukonzekera” predesign; to predetermine”

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Machitidwe 2:23 Acts 2:23 Iye, populumutsidwa ndi cholinga chodziwika ndi Him, being delivered by the determined purpose kudziwiratu kwa Mulungu, mwatenga mwa and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by manja osayeruzika, napachika ndi kupha; lawless hands, have crucified, and put to death; Aroma 8:28-30 Romans 8:28-30 28 Ndipo tidziwa kuti zinthu zonse zimagwirira 28 And we know that all things work together for ntchito zabwino kwa iwo okonda Mulungu, kwa good to those who love God, to those who are iwo omwe aitanidwa monga mwa chifuniro the called according to His purpose. chake. 29 For whom He foreknew, He also predestined 29 Pakuti iye amene adadziwiratu, adaneneratu to be conformed to the image of His Son, that He kuti adzafanizidwe ndi chifanizo cha Mwana might be the firstborn among many brethren. wake, kuti Iye akhale woyamba kubadwa mwa 30 Moreover whom He predestined, these He abale ambiri. also called; whom He called, these He also 30 Ndipo amene adamuwombozeratu, Iye justified; and whom He justified, these He also adawayitana; amene Iye adawayitana, iwowa glorified. adawalungamitsa; ndipo amene Iye adawalungamitsa, awa adawalemekeza. 1 Timoteo 1:9 1 Timothy 1:9 podziwa ichi, kuti lamulo silipangidwira knowing this:that the law is not made for a wolungama, koma osayeruzika, osapembedza, righteous person, but for the lawless and osapembedza, ndi ochimwa, osayera ndi insubordinate, for the ungodly and for sinners, opembedza, akupha atate, ndi akupha amayi, for the unholy and profane, for murderers of akupha, fathers and murderers of mothers, for manslayers, Tito 1:2 Titus 1:2 mu chiyembekezo cha moyo wosatha omwe in hope of eternal life which God, who cannot lie, Mulungu, yemwe sanganame, analonjeza promised before time began, pasanayambe, mpaka kukhazikitsidwa kwa ana unto the adoption of :(huiothesia):"kuika ngati mwana wamkulu; children:(huiothesia):“placing as an adult son; kuzindikira kukhwima ". the recognition of maturity”. Aroma 9:4 Romans 9:4 omwe ali Aisrayeli, omwe ali nawo, who are Israelites, to whom pertain the kukhazikitsidwa, ulemerero, mapangano, kupatsa adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of lamulo, kutumikira Mulungu, ndi malonjezano; the law, the service of God, and the promises; Yohane 1:12 ( teknon ) John 1:12 (teknon) Koma onse amene anamulandira Iye, kwa iwo But as many as received Him, to them He gave anapatsa ufulu wokhala ana a Mulungu, kwa iwo the right to become children of God, to those amene amakhulupirira m'dzina Lake: who believe in His name: ndi Yesu Khristu :mgwirizano ndi Khristu by Jesus Christ: Union with Christ makes the umapangitsa kuti kuvomereza kuchitike. Adoption a reality. Kwa Iye, molingana ndi zokondweretsa za unto Himself, according to the good chifuniro Chake :zikuwonetsa kuti Ambuye pleasure of His will: indicates that the Lord

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amadzikondweretsa Yekha powapatsa pleases Himself in providing Adoption. kulandiridwa. Luka 10:21 Luke 10:21 Mu ola lomwelo Yesu anakondwera mu Mzimu In that hour Jesus rejoiced in the Spirit and said, ndipo anati, "Ndikukuthokozani, Atate, Mbuye “I thank You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, wakumwamba ndi dziko lapansi, kuti mwabisira that You have hidden these things from the wise zinthu izi kwa anzeru ndi aluntha ndikuziwululira and prudent and revealed them to babes. Even kwa makanda. Ngakhale choncho, Atate, so, Father, for so it seemed good in Your sight. chifukwa chomwecho zinkawoneka bwino pamaso Panu. Aefeso 1:5,9 Ephesians 1:5,9 5 Adatikonzeratu ife kukhala ana ake a Yesu 5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Khristu, monga mwa kukondweretsa chifuniro Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good chake, pleasure of His will, 9 Watidziwitsa ife chinsinsi cha chifuniro Chake, 9 having made known to us the mystery of His monga mwa kukondweretsedwa Kwake komwe will, according to His good pleasure which He adakonza mwa Iyemwini, purposed in Himself, Aefeso 2:13 Ephesians 2:13 Koma tsopano mwa Khristu Yesu inu omwe But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far mudali kutali, mwabweretsedwa pafupi ndi off have been brought near by the blood of mwazi wa Khristu. Christ. AEFESO 1:6 Ephesians 1:6 kulemekezeka kwa ulemerero wa chisomo chake, to the praise of the glory of his grace, whereby momwe Iye watipanga ife kulandiridwa mwa He has made us accepted in the Beloved." Wokondedwa. " kutamanda :( eis + epainos ):"kutamanda to the praise:(eis + epainos):“leading to kutamanda; chifukwa cha matamando " praise; for the purpose of praise” Aroma 8:29 Romans 8:29 Kwa iwo omwe Iye anawadziwiratu, Iye For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to anawakonzeratu kuti azifanizidwa ndi fano la be conformed to the image of His Son, that He Mwana Wake, kuti Iye akhoze kukhala woyamba might be the firstborn among many brethren. kubadwa mwa abale ambiri. Aroma 13:3 Romans 13:3 Pakuti olamulira siwopseza ntchito zabwino, For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to koma kuipa. Kodi mukufuna kukhala opanda evil. Do you want to be unafraid of the authority? mantha ndi ulamuliro? Chitani zabwino, ndipo Do what is good, and you will have praise from mudzatamandidwa mofanana. the same. 1 Akorinto 4:5 1 Corinthians 4:5 Choncho musaweruze kanthu nthawiyi, kufikira Therefore judge nothing before the time, until Ambuye abwere, amene adzawunikira zinthu the Lord comes, who will both bring to light the zobisika za mdima ndikuwululira zolinga za hidden things of darkness and reveal the mitima.Ndiye kutamandidwa kwa wina aliyense counsels of the hearts. Then each one’s praise

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kudzachokera kwa Mulungu. will come from God. 2 Akorinto 8:18 2 Corinthians 8:18 Ndipo tamutumiza pamodzi ndi iye mbale And we have sent with him the brother whose yemwe matamando ake ali mu Uthenga mu praise is in the gospel throughout all the mipingo yonse, churches, Aefeso 1:6,12 Ephesians 1:6,12 6 Kuyamika kwa ulemerero wa chisomo Chake, 6 to the praise of the glory of His grace, by which chimene Iye adatipanga ife kulandiridwa mwa He made us accepted in the Beloved. Wokondedwa. 12 that we who first trusted in Christ should be 12 kuti ife omwe tidali oyamba kudalira mwa to the praise of His glory. Khristu tiyenera kukhala ku chitamando cha ulemerero Wake. Afilipi 1:11 Philippians 1:11 pokhala wodzazidwa ndi zipatso za chilungamo being filled with the fruits of righteousness which zomwe ziri mwa Yesu Khristu, ku ulemerero ndi are by Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of chitamando cha Mulungu. God. Afilipi 4:8 Philippians 4:8 Chotsalira, abale, zilizonse zoona, zilizonse Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, zoyera, zilizonse zolungama, zilizonse zoyera, whatever things are noble, whatever things are zilizonse zokondweretsa, zilizonse zabwino, ngati just, whatever things are pure, whatever things pali ubwino uliwonse komanso ngati zilizonse are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if zotamandika zinthu izi. there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy—meditate on these things. 1 Petro 1:7 1 Peter 1:7 kuti chowonadi cha chikhulupiriro chanu, that the genuineness of your faith, being much choposa chamtengo wapatali kuposa golide more precious than gold that perishes, though it wotayika, ngakhale ayesedwa ndi moto, apezeke is tested by fire, may be found to praise, honor, kutamandidwa, ulemu, ndi ulemerero pa and glory at the revelation of Jesus Christ, vumbulutso la Yesu Khristu, za ulemerero :( doxa ):"ulemerero" of the glory:(doxa):“glory” Masalmo 9:11 Psalm 9:11 Imbani nyimbo zotamanda Yehova, wakukhala Sing praises to the Lord, who dwells in Zion! m'Ziyoni; Fotokozani zochita zake pakati pa Declare His deeds among the people. anthu. Masalmo 22:23 Psalm 22:23 Inu amene mumamuopa Ambuye, tamandani You who fear the Lord, praise Him! All you Iye!Inu nonse a mbadwa za Yakobo, lemekezani descendants of Jacob, glorify Him, And fear Him, Iye, Ndipo mumwope, inu nonse ana a Israyeli! all you offspring of Israel! Masalmo 33:2 Psalm 33:2 Tamandani Yehova ndi zeze; Muimbireni nyimbo Praise the Lord with the harp; Make melody to ndi chida cha zingwe khumi. Him with an instrument of ten strings. Mateyu 5:16 Matthew 5:16

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Kuwunika kwanu kuwalitse pamaso pa anthu, Let your light so shine before men, that they may kuti awone ntchito zanu zabwino, alemekeze see your good works and glorify your Father in Atate wanu wakumwamba. heaven. Yohane 15:8 John 15:8 Mwa ichi Atate wanga alemekezedwa, kuti By this My Father is glorified, that you bear much mubale chipatso chambiri; kotero inu fruit; so you will be My disciples. mudzakhala ophunzira Anga. Aroma 15:6 Romans 15:6 kuti mukhale ndi mtima umodzi ndi pakamwa that you may with one mind and one mouth kamodzi kulemekeza Mulungu ndi Atate wa glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Ambuye wathu Yesu Khristu. Christ. 1 Petro 2:9 1 Peter 2:9 Koma inu ndinu mbadwo wosankhidwa, But you are a chosen generation, a royal ansembe achifumu, mtundu woyera, anthu Ake priesthood, a holy nation, His own special apadera, kuti mulalikire matamando a Iye amene people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him anakuitanani inu kuchoka mu mdima kulowa who called you out of darkness into His mukuwawala Kwake kodabwitsa; marvelous light; Ndemanga: Comment: Wokhulupirira akupitirizabe padziko lapansi • The believer continues on earth after pambuyo pa chipulumutso monga mbali salvation as a definite part of the Father’s yeniyeni ya dongosolo lokonzedweratu la predetermined plan and provision of Grace. Atate ndi kupereka kwa chisomo. Kuperekedwa kwa chisomo kumasonyeza • Grace provision demonstrates the Father’s ubwino wa kuthekera kwa Atate pakuteteza, ability to protect, preserve, and bless the kusunga, ndi kudalitsa wokhulupirira mu dera believer in Satan’s domain. la Satana. Chofunikira kwambiri pa moyo padziko • The ultimate in living on the earth as a lapansi ngati Mkhristu ndi kukhala Christian is to live as a mature believer to the wokhulupirira wokhwima mpaka maximum praise of the Father’s glory. kutamandidwa kwakukulu kwa ulemerero wa Atate. Atate amalemekezedwa pamene • The Father is glorified as the growing wokhulupirira akukula akugwira ntchito pansi believer functions under Grace provision. pa chisomo chake choperekedwa. za chisomo chake : (charis) :"chisomo; of His grace:(charis):“graciousness; kindness; kukoma; zabwino " good will” Ndemanga: Comment: Tinapangidwira kwamuyaya chifukwa cha • We are designed in eternity past for the "ulemerero wa Mulungu." Moyo wathu ndi “glory of God.” Our life is to be lived in perfect woti tidzakhale mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe compatibility with God’s essence and cha Mulungu ndi khalidwe lake. Popeza character. Since God is perfect, everything He Mulungu ndi wangwiro, chirichonse chimene produces in us is good by His standards, divine

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Iye amabala mwa ife ndi chabwino mwa good (gold, silver, precious stones). Since we miyezo yake, zabwino zaumulungu (golidi, are human and have an OSN, the best that we siliva, miyala yamtengo wapatali). Popeza can produce is human good (wood, hay, ndife anthu ndipo tili ndi OSN, zabwino zomwe stubble) tingathe kubereka ndi zabwino za umunthu (nkhuni, udzu, zinyalala) Yesaya 64:6 Isaiah 64:6 Koma ife tonse ndife ngati chonyansa, Ndipo But we are all like an unclean thing, And all our chilungamo chathu chonse chiri ngati nsalu righteousnesses are like filthy rags; We all fade as zakuda;Ife tonse timafota ngati tsamba, Ndipo a leaf, And our iniquities, like the wind, Have zolakwa zathu, monga mphepo, Zatitengera ife taken us away. kutali. Tito 3:5 Titus 3:5 osati mwa ntchito za chilungamo zomwe tachita, not by works of righteousness which we have koma monga mwa chifundo Chake done, but according to His mercy He saved us, anatipulumutsa, kudzera mu kusambitsidwa kwa through the washing of regeneration and kubadwanso ndi kukonzanso kwa Mzimu renewing of the Holy Spirit, Woyera, Zabwino za anthu sizigwirizana ndidongosolo • Human good is incompatible with God’s la Mulungu. Ntchito za anthu zinakanidwa pa plan. Human works were rejected at the Cross. Mtanda. Ndipo zabwino zaumunthu mu moyo And human good in the believer’s life is wa wokhulupirira zimatsutsidwa pa Mpando rejected at the Judgment Seat of Christ. Woweruzira wa Khristu. Yesaya 64:6 Isaiah 64:6 Koma ife tonse ndife ngati chonyansa, Ndipo But we are all like an unclean thing, And all our chilungamo chathu chonse chiri ngati nsalu righteousnesses are like filthy rags; We all fade as zakuda;Ife tonse timafota ngati tsamba, Ndipo a leaf, And our iniquities, like the wind, Have zolakwa zathu, monga mphepo, Zatitengera ife taken us away. kutali. Funso, chotero, ndiloti, ndingathe bwanji • The question, therefore, is “How, in kukhala wopanga wa ubwino waumulungu principle, can I become a producer of divine m'malo mwa chilungamo chaumunthu? good rather than of human righteousness?” "Yankho, mu liwu lakuti" Chisomo. The answer, in a word, “GRACE.” God’s plan of "Ndondomeko ya chisomo cha Mulungu Grace provides the Christian with every asset imapatsa Mkhristu zinthu zonse zofunika needed to produce works acceptable to Him in kupanga ntchito zovomerezeka kwa Iye this life. m'moyo uno. Aefeso 2:8-10 Ephesians 2:8-10 8 Pakuti mudapulumutsidwa ndi chisomo mwa 8 For by grace you have been saved through chikhulupiriro, ndipo ichi chosachokera kwa inu; faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of ndi mphatso ya Mulungu, God, 9 Osati mwa ntchito, kuti asadzitamandire. 9 not of works, lest anyone should boast. 10 Pakuti ife ndife ntchito Yake, yolengedwa 10 For we are His workmanship, created in Christ mwa Khristu Yesu pa ntchito zabwino, zomwe Jesus for good works, which God prepared Mulungu adazikonzeratu kuti tiyende mwa iwo. beforehand that we should walk in them.

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momwe :"mmenemo; malinga ndi " wherein:“in which; according to which” Kotero, "mwa chisomo Iye watipanga ife Thus, “in which grace He has made us kulandiridwa ..." accepted...” Watipanga ife kuvomerezedwa :( charisto ), He has made us accepted:(charisto), aor. act. aor. chitani. ind. 3s:"kukondweretsa; kupereka ind. 3s:“to bestow favor; to give a gift; to make mphatso; kupanga chinthu chokomera; kuti an object of favor; to visit grace upon.” tiyendere chisomo. " Mulungu wapanga Akhristu kukhala chinthu God has made Christians the object of His chokonderedwa ndi Mulungu, mu dongosolo favor, in the realm of His plan of Grace. Lake la chisomo. Ndemanga: Comment: Kulandira chikhalidwe cha anthu kumachokera • Human social acceptance is based on the pa zomwe munthuyo amaona kuti ndi zofunika perceived worth of the individual in the eyes of kwa ena. others. Koma, timavomerezedwa chifukwa Yesu • But, we are accepted because Jesus Christ Khristu walandiridwa. Timavomerezedwa is accepted. We are accepted because of who chifukwa cha chomwe Khristu ali, osati Christ is, not because of who we are. chifukwa cha ife. Chotsatira chimodzi chofunikira cha maganizo • One important result of this viewpoint is awa ndi chakuti wokhulupirira akhoza that the believer can relax; there is no need for kumasuka; palibe chifukwa chofuna bucking for position and favor under some kugwiritsira ntchito malo ndi chisomo pansi pa system of legalistic behavior. kayendedwe kake ka malamulo. mwa wokondedwa :( agapao ), "mwa in the Beloved:(agapao), “in the one having wokondedwa" been loved” Uyu ndiye Mwana wanga wokondedwa, mwa This is my beloved Son, in Whom I am well Yemwe ndimakondwera naye ... " pleased...” Ndemanga: Comment: Muyaya kale ("asanaikidwe maziko a dziko • In eternity past ("before the foundation of lapansi"), Mulungu Atate adakonda Mulungu the world"), God the Father loved God the Son Mwana ndi chikondi chopanda malire. Khristu with an infinite amount of love. Christ is the ndi Wokondedwa. Beloved One. Pa nthawi ya chipulumutso timalowa mu • At the time of salvation we enter into union umodzi ndi Khristu. Iye wakhala pa dzanja with Christ. He is seated at the right hand of lamanja la Atate; ndipo Iye ndi wolandira the Father; and He is the recipient of the chikondi chosatha chimene Atate ali nacho infinite love the Father has for Him. We are “in kwa Iye. Ife tiri "mwa Khristu", kotero ife Christ”, so we are also receiving that love from tikulandirilanso chikondi chimenecho the Father. kuchokera kwa Atate. Aroma 6:3 Romans 6:3 Kapena simukudziwa kuti tonse omwe Or do you not know that as many of us as were tinabatizidwa mwa Khristu Yesu tinabatizidwira baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His

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mu imfa yake? death? 1 Yohane 3:2 ** 1 John 3:2 ** Okondedwa, tsopano ndife ana a Mulungu; ndipo Beloved, now we are children of God; and it has sichinaululidwe chomwe tidzakhala, koma not yet been revealed what we shall be, but we tikudziwa kuti pamene adzawululidwa, tidzakhala know that when He is revealed, we shall be like ngati Iye, chifukwa tidzamuwona monga Iye aliri. Him, for we shall see Him as He is. Chofunika kwambiri: Mulungu amakonda • Very important:God loves every believer wokhulupirira aliyense ndi chikondi with the same perfect love, even the most chofanana, ngakhale osakondedwa ndi unlovable and obnoxious among us. otukwanidwa pakati pathu. Mkhristu wopanda chiphunzitso akhoza • A Christian without doctrine can live his kukhala moyo wake wonse popanda kudziwa whole life without being aware of God’s love to za chikondi cha Mulungu pa mulingo waukulu any great degree. The Bible is the only source uliwonse. Baibulo ndilo lokhalo lothandizira of this information. kudziwa izi. Munthu wina akati "Ndimakukondani", mtengo • When someone says “I love you”, the value wa mawuwo umadalira khalidwe la munthu of the statement depends upon the character amene akunena. Nthawi zina, mukamudziwa of the one who says it. Sometimes, when you bwino munthu, zimakhala zosangalatsa know a person well, it is very thrilling to hear kwambiri kumva mawu amenewa. Nthawi those words. Sometimes, though, it is a zina, ndi funso la kutalikirana komwe question of how much distance you can put mungayikane pakati panu. between you. Ubale wachikondi ndi munthu wa chikhalidwe • A love relationship with a person of ungakhale wabwino. Ndi munthu character can be wonderful. With an unstable wosakhazikika zingakhale zosangalatsa. person it can be anything but pleasant. The Mfundo ndi yakuti, chikondi sichiposa point is, love is no stronger than the character mphamvu ya khalidwe la munthu amene of the person expressing it. akufotokoza. Mkhalidwe wa Mulungu ndi wangwiro.Pamene • God’s character is perfect. When He says “I ati "Ndimakukondani" tikhoza kuyamba love you” we can immediately begin to enjoy a kusangalala ndi ubale wathunthu ndi Iye full relationship with Him without fear. popanda mantha. Kumwamba tidzakhala ndi matupi a • In Heaven we will have resurrection bodies chiukitsiro ndipo palibe chikhalidwe cha and no sin nature; we will have a perfect uchimo; tidzakhala ndi mphamvu yangwiro capacity for appreciating and responding to yakuyamikira ndi kuyankha chikondi cha God’s love for us. There will be no more Mulungu pa ife. Sipadzakhalanso chisoni, sorrow, pain, tears, sin, or death, so the love of kupweteka, misonzi, uchimo, kapena imfa, God will enter into a fantastic aspect. But God kotero chikondi cha Mulungu chidzalowa mu says, “I’m not going to wait until you get to zosangalatsa. Koma Mulungu akuti, heaven to show you how I love you. My love for "Sindidikira kufikira mutakwera kumwamba you now is the same as it will be in Heaven” kuti ndikusonyezeni momwe ndimakukonderani. Chikondi changa kwa inu tsopano n'chofanana ndi chomwe chidzakhala kumwamba "

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EFESO - EPHESUS Zinthu izi m'mbiri ndi mbiri ya Efeso These materials on the history and geography zinalembedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi: of Ephesus were compiled from the following sources: Ukali, Merrill F., Baibulo Dictionary Unger, Merrill F., Bible Dictionary Encyclopedia Britannica Encyclopedia Britannica Nyemba, GE, "Aegean Turkey:Njira Bean, G. E., "Aegean Turkey:An Archaeological Yachitsogozo Yakale" Guide" Conybeare ndi Howson, "Life and Epistles of St. Conybeare and Howson, "The Life and Epistles Paul" of St. Paul" Efeso, mzinda wofunika kwambiri wa Chigiriki Ephesus, the most important Greek city in ku Ionian Asia Minor, mabwinja omwe ali Ionian Asia Minor, the ruins of which lie near pafupi ndi mudzi wamakono wa Selcuk the modern village of Selcuk in western Turkey kumadzulo kwa Turkey (pafupi ndi mzinda wa (near the city of Izmir). Izmir). zachiroma anali kumpoto kwa In Roman times it was situated on the northern mapiri a Coressus ndi Pion ndi kum'mwera slopes of the hills Coressus and Pion and south kwaM'nthaŵi Mtsinje wa Cayster (Küçükmenderes), of the Cayster (Küçükmenderes) River, the silt womwe unalipo kuyambira kale, koma from which has since formed a fertile plain but unachititsa kuti mayiko apitirize kumadzulo. has caused the coastline to move ever farther Kachisi wa Artemi, kapena Diana, komwe Efeso west. The Temple of Artemis, or Diana, to anali ndi mbiri yolemekezeka kwambiri ndipo which Ephesus owed much of its fame and yomwe ikuwoneka ngati malo a mzinda wachi which seems to mark the site of the classical Greek, mwina anali pa ngalawa pamene Greek city, was probably on the seaboard when idakhazikitsidwa (pafupifupi 600 BC), mita it was founded (about 600 BC), one mile east imodzi kumpoto by northeast of Pion (modern Panayir kwa Pion (Panayir Daghacek wamakono). Daghacek). In Roman times a sea channel was kum'maŵa za Aroma, njira yosungiramochakum'maŵa nyanja maintained with difficulty to a harbor well inasungidwa movutikira ku doko lakumadzulo west of Pion. By late Byzantine times this kwaM'nthaŵi Pion. Pofika nthawi ya mapeto a Byzantine channel had become useless, and the coast by njirayi idakhala yopanda phindu, ndipo the mid-20th century was three miles farther m'mphepete mwa nyanja zaka za m'ma 2000 west. Ephesus commanded the west end of one zinali mtunda wa makilomita atatu kumadzulo. great trade route into Asia, that along the Efeso inalamula kuti kumapeto kwa malonda Cayster valley, and had easy access to the other amtundu wa kumadzulo kukafika ku Asia, two, along the Hermus (Gediz) and the yomwe ili pamtsinje wa Cayster, ndipo Maeander (Büyükmenderes) rivers. inkapezeka mosavuta kwa ena awiri, pamodzi ndi Hermus (Gediz) ndi mitsinje ya Maeander (Büyükmenderes).

Mbiri ya Efeso History of Ephesus Efeso akulowa m’mbiri pakati pa zaka za zana Ephesus enters history in the mid-7th century lachisanu ndi chiwiri BC, pamene anaukira a BC, when it was attacked by the Cimmerians. Cimmerians. Mosiyana ndi woyandikana nawo, Unlike its neighbor, Magnesia, it survived the

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Magnesia, idapulumuka pa zigawengazo. attacks. For part of the early 6th century the kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi city was under tyrants. Though allied by chinayi mzindawu unali pansi pa olamulira marriage to the kings of Lydia, its people could ankhanza. Ngakhale kuti anali atakwatirana not hold back the Lydian Croesus, who ndi mafumu a Lidiya, anthu ake sankatha asserted a general suzerainty over the city. He kulepheretsa Croesus wa Lydia, yemwe did, however, present many columns and some anatsimikizira kuti wolamulira wamkulu golden cows for a new and splendid rebuilding wodutsa mzindawo. Iye anachita, komabe of the Artemiseum (Temple of Artemis). amapereka zipilala zambiri ndi ng'ombe zina zagolidi kuti akonzedwe mwatsopano ndi Artemiseum (Kachisi wa Atemi). Panthawiyi, molingana ndi Strabo, Aefeso At this time, according to Strabo, the Ephesians anayamba kukhala m'chigwa; ndipo mpaka began to live in the plain; and to this period, nthawi imeneyi, nayenso, anayenera too, should be allotted the redrafting of the kupatsidwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo, laws, said to have been the work of an akuti ndi ntchito ya Athene, Aristarko. Athenian, Aristarchus. Ephesus soon Pasanapite nthawi Efeso anagonjera Koresi wa submitted to Cyrus of Persia. Early in the Perisiya. Kumayambiriro kwa kupanduka kwa Ionian revolt (499-493 BC) against the Ionian (499-493 BC) motsutsana ndi Aperisi, Persians, Ephesus served as a base for an Efeso anali maziko a nkhondo ya Ionian ku Ionian attack on Sardis; but it is not mentioned Sarde; koma sanatchulidwe kachiwiri kufikira again until 494, when the Ephesians 494, pamene Aefeso anapha opulumuka a massacred the Chiot survivors of the Battle of Chiot ku nkhondo ya Lade. Kuphedwa Lade. The massacre may have occurred kumeneku kungakhale kochitika chifukwa because Ephesus was a commercial rival of the Efeso anali ochita malonda a opanduka aakulu, chief rebels, Chios and Miletus. Ephesus Chios ndi Mileto. Efeso anakhalabe paubwenzi maintained friendly relations with Persia for ndi Persia kwa zaka pafupifupi 50:mu 478 about 50 years:in 478 Xerxes, returning from Xerxes, atachoka ku kulephera kwawo ku his failure in Greece, honored Artemis of Greece, adalemekeza Artemis wa ku Efeso, Ephesus, although he sacked other Ionian ngakhale kuti adanyamulira mapiri ena a shrines, and left his children for safety in Ionian, napatsa ana ake chitetezo ku Efeso; ndi Ephesus; and Themistocles anafika kumeneko m'ma 460s Themistocles landed there in the 460s on his paulendo wake wopita ku Persia. Koma flight to Persia. But after 454 Ephesus appears pambuyo pa 454 Efeso akuwoneka ngati as a regular tributary of Athens. Great woweruza wokhazikika wa Atene. Aefeso Ephesians up to this time had been Callinus, Wamkulu mpaka pano anali Callinus, yemwe the earliest Greek elegist (mid-7th century BC), anali woyamba ku Greece (zaka za m'ma 700 the satirist Hipponax, and the famous BC), Hipponax, ndi filosofi wotchuka philosopher Heracleitus, one of the Basilids. Heracleitus, mmodzi wa Basilids. Efeso anagwirizana mu 412 BC motsutsana ndi Ephesus shared in a general revolt of 412 BC Athens, kudutsa ndi Sparta mu Nkhondo against Athens, siding with Sparta in the Yachiwiri ya Peloponesi, ndipo anakhalabe Second Peloponnesian War, and remained an mgwirizano wogwira mtima wa Sparta mpaka effective ally of Sparta down to the end of the kumapeto kwa nkhondo. Kuopsezedwa ndi war. Threatened by Persia after 403, Ephesus Persia pambuyo pa 403, ku Efeso anatumikira served in 396 as the headquarters of King mu 396 monga likulu la Mfumu Agesilaus wa Agesilaus of Sparta. In 394 the Ephesians Sparta. Mu 394 Aefeso anachoka ku deserted to Conon's anti-Spartan maritime mgwirizano wotsutsana ndi a Conon, koma league, but by 387 the city was again in

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387 mzindawo unali m'manja mwa Spartan Spartan hands and was handed by Antalcidas ndipo anaperekedwa ndi Antalcidas ku Persia. to Persia. There followed the pro-Persian Pambuyo pake, ankhanza ena a Persia a tyranny of Syrphax and his family, who were Syrphax ndi banja lake, omwe adaponyedwa stoned to death in 333 on Alexander the miyala m'chaka cha 333, akulowa Alexander. Great's taking the city. After 50 years of Pambuyo pa zaka makumi asanu (50) fluctuating fortune, Ephesus was conquered by akusinthasintha chuma, Efeso inagonjetsedwa the Macedonian general Lysimachus and ndi mkulu wa Makedoniya dzina lake resettled around Coressus and Pion (286-281 Lysimachus ndipo adakhala pafupi ndi BC). Lysimachus introduced colonists from Coressus ndi Pion (286-281 BC). Lysimachus Lebedus and Colophon and renamed the city anabweretsa anthu ena a ku Lebedus ndi after his wife, Arsinoo--a name soon dropped. Colophon ndipo adatcha dzina la mzindawo This was the beginning of Ephesus' Hellenistic pambuyo pa mkazi wake, Arsinoo - prosperity. It became conspicuous for the posachedwa dzina lagonjetsedwa. Ichi chinali abundance of its coinage. chiyambi cha kulemera kwa Agiriki kwa Efeso. Icho chinakhala chowonekera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama zake. Atagonjetsedwa ndi Antiyokusi Wamkulu, After the defeat of Antiochus the Great, king of mfumu ya Siriya, mwa Aroma mu 189 BC, Syria, by the Romans in 189 BC, Ephesus was Efeso anaperekedwa ndi ogonjetsa kwa mfumu handed over by the conquerors to the king of ya Pergamo. Attalus III wa Pergamo anawuza Pergamum. Attalus III of Pergamum Efeso ndi chuma chake chonse kwa anthu bequeathed Ephesus with the rest of his achiroma (133 BC). Pomwepo, Efeso possessions to the Roman people (133 BC). anakhalabe pansi pa Roma, kupatulapo Thenceforth, Ephesus remained subject to kanthawi kochepa kuyambira mu 88 BC, Rome, except for a brief time beginning in 88 pamene, potsutsidwa ndi a Mithradates BC, when, at the instigation of Mithradates the Wamkulu wa Pontasi, mizinda ya Asia Minor Great of Pontus, the cities of Asia Minor inapandukira ndi kupha anthu awo a Roma. revolted and killed their Roman residents. The Aefeso anapha ngakhale Aroma aja amene Ephesians even killed those Romans who had adathawira ku Artemiseum; ngakhale fled for refuge to the Artemiseum; adabwerera mu 86 BC kwa ambuye awo akale. notwithstanding which they returned in 86 BC Zomwe adanena, zosungidwa pamatope, kuti to their former masters. Their claim, preserved kuvomereza Mithradates omwe anangopereka on an extant inscription, that in admitting kwa mphamvu yoposa anali kunyengerera Mithradates they had merely yielded to pambali ndi Sulla, yemwe adamupweteka superior force was rudely brushed aside by kwambiri.Ngakhale kuti kawiri kawiri Sulla, who inflicted a very heavy fine. Although adasokoneza nkhondo za it twice chose the losing side in the Roman civil Aroma ndipo ngakhale kuti Pergamo ndi wars and although it was stoutly opposed by Smyrna ankatsutsa kwambiri,zapachiŵeniŵeni Efeso inakhala Pergamum and Smyrna, Ephesus became pansi pa Augusto mzinda woyamba wa under Augustus the first city of the Roman chigawo cha Roma cha Asia. Wolemba mbiri province of Asia. The geographer Strabo wrote Strabo analemba za kufunika kwake ngati malo of its importance as a commercial center in the ogulitsa m'zaka za zana la 1 BC. Mtsinje 1st century BC. The triumphal arch of 3 BC and waukulu wa 3 BC ndi mtsinje wa AD 4-14 the aqueduct of AD 4-14 initiated that long unayambitsa mndandanda wautali wa nyumba series of public buildings, ornamental and za anthu, zokongoletsera ndi zothandiza, useful, that make Ephesus the most impressive zomwe zimapanga Efeso chitsanzo chochititsa example in Greek lands of a city of imperial chidwi kwambiri m'mayiko achigiriki a mzinda times. wa mafumu.zokongola ndi zothandiza, zomwe

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zimapangitsa Efeso chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'mayiko achigiriki a mzinda wa mafumu.zokongola ndi zothandiza, zomwe zimapangitsa Efeso chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'mayiko achigiriki a mzinda wa mafumu. Panthawiyi Mpingo wa Chikhristu unayamba Meanwhile the Christian Church began to win kupambana. Chiwonetsero chodziwika converts. A famous protest in the theatre kwambiri pa masewero otsutsana ndi against the teachings of St. Paul, described in ziphunzitso za Paul Woyera, chofotokozedwa Acts 19, is dated about AD 57. According to mu Machitidwe 19, chalembedwa pa AD 57. local belief Ephesus was the last home of the Malingana ndi chikhulupiriro cha ku Efeso Virgin Mary, who was lodged near the city by chinali mudzi wotsiriza wa Namwali Maria, St. John and died there. The tradition that St. yemwe adakhala pafupi ndi mzinda ndi St. John Luke also died there seems to be less strongly ndipo anafa kumeneko. Mwambo umenenso supported. Ephesus was one of the seven Luka Woyera adafera komweko zikuwoneka churches of Asia to which the Revelation to kuti sungathandizidwe kwambiri. Efeso unali John was addressed. umodzi mwa mipingo isanu ndi iwiri ya ku Asia komwe Chivumbulutso cha Yohane chimayankhulidwa. A Goths anawononga mzinda ndi kachisi mu The Goths destroyed both city and temple in AD 262, ndipo sanalandire ulemerero wake AD 262, and neither ever recovered its former wakale. Komabe, mfumu Constantine splendor. The emperor Constantine, however, inakhazikitsa bafa yatsopano, ndipo Arcadius erected a new public bath, and Arcadius rebuilt anamanganso pamalo okwera mumsewu at a higher level the street from the theatre to wochokera ku zisudzo kupita ku doko, dzina the harbor, named after him, the Arkadiane. A lake Arkadiane. Msonkhano waukulu wa general council of the church, held at Ephesus mpingo, womwe unachitikira ku Efeso mu 431 in 431 in the great double church of St. Mary, mu mpingo waukulu wa St. Mary, unatsutsa condemned Nestorius and justified the cult of Nestorius ndipo unatsutsa chipembedzo cha the Virgin as Theotokos (Mother of God). A few Virgin monga Theotokos (Mayi wa Mulungu). years later, according to legend, the Seven Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, malingana ndi Sleepers of Ephesus (a group of 3rd-century nthano, Asanu ndi Awiri Akugona a Efeso (gulu Christian martyrs) were miraculously raised la Akhristu a m'zaka za zana lachitatu ofera) from the dead. They too became the object of a adaukitsidwa mozizwitsa kwa akufa. Iwonso famous cult. The emperor Justinian built the anakhazikitsidwa kukhala chipembedzo magnificent basilica of St. John in the 6th Mfumu Justinian inamanga century. By the early Middle Ages, the city was tchalitchi chachikulu cha St. John m'zaka za no longer useful as a port and fell into decline; zanachodziŵika. lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Kumayambiriro late Byzantine Ephesus, conquered by the kwa zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, mzindawo Seljuqs in 1090, was merely a small town. After sunali wogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati doko ndipo brief splendor in the 14th century, even this unagwa; Kumapeto kwa Efeso Byzantine, was deserted, and the true site of the anagonjetsedwa ndi Seljuqs mu 1090, anali Artemiseum remained unsuspected until 1869. chabe tawuni yaing'ono. Pambuyo pa kukongola kwakukulu m'zaka za zana la 14, ngakhale izi zinali zosatayika, ndipo malo enieni a Artemiseum anakhalabe osakayika mpaka 1869.

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Kufufuzidwa ndi Malo Otsalira Excavations and Extant Remains JT Wood, akugwira ntchito ku Ephesus kwa J. T. Wood, working at Ephesus for the British British Museum pakati pa 1863 ndi 1874, Museum between 1863 and 1874, excavated anafukula odeum ndi malo a masewero. Mu the odeum and theatre. In May 1869 he struck May 1869 iye anakantha ngodya ya a corner of the Artemiseum. His excavation Artemiseum. Kufukula kwake kukuwonekera exposed to view not only the scanty remains of kuti sichiwonetseratu zotsalira zazitali the latest edifice (built after 350 BC) but the zatsopano (yomangidwa pambuyo pa 350 BC) platform below it of an earlier temple of koma nsanja pansi pa iyo ya kachisi wakale wa identical size and plan subsequently found to kukula kwakukulu ndi dongosolo lomwe be that of the 6th century BC, to which Croesus adapezeka kuti linali la zaka za m'ma 6 BC, contributed. The sculptured fragments of both komwe Croesus anapereka. zidutsa temples were sent to the British Museum. In zosemedwa za akachisi onsewa zinatumizidwa 1904 D.G. Hogarth, heading another mission ku British Museum. Mu 1904 DG Hogarth, from the museum, examined the earlier akuyendetsa ntchito ina yochokera ku nyumba platform and found beneath its center the yosungiramo zinthu zakale, adafufuza nsanja remains of three yet older structures. In its yoyamba ndipo adapeza pansi pake zitsalira za earliest known phase the temple was nyumba zitatu zowonjezera kale. M'nthawi apparently a small platform of green schist, yake yoyamba, kachisiyo anali kachigawo containing a sealed deposit of primitive coins kakang'ono ka schist yobiriwira, yomwe inali and other objects. These date from c. 600 BC. ndi chikhomo chosindikizidwa cha ndalama zasiliva ndi zinthu zina. Izi zimachokera ku c. 600 BC. N'zosatheka kugawa ojambula osiyanasiyana It is impossible to assign the various architects omwe olemba akale amapita kumbali zonse za named by ancient authors to the respective kachisi. Chabwino, Chersiphron ndi Metagenes phases of the temple. At best, Chersiphron and akhoza kuikidwa ku kachisi wa Croesus, Metagenes can be tentatively assigned to the Chirocrates kapena Dinocrates mpaka ku zaka Temple of Croesus, Chirocrates or Dinocrates za m'ma 400. Mwina mwake to that of the 4th century. There had perhaps padakonzedweratu ku 400 BC, mogwirizana been some repairs toward 400 BC, associated ndi ojambula Paeonius ndi Demetrius komanso with the architects Paeonius and Demetrius ndi nyimbo yopatsa mphoto ya woimba and with the prize-winning dedicatory hymn of wotchuka Timotheus. Artemiseum inadutsa the famous musician Timotheus. The mwapang'onopang'ono katatu c. 550 BC. Artemiseum passed rapidly through three Kachisi wa Croesus (gawo lachinai) linali phases before c. 550 BC. The Temple of lopambana kukula kwake (linali lalitali mamita Croesus (the fourth phase) was remarkable for 300 ndi mamita 150), chifukwa zithunzi its great size (it was more than 300 feet long zojambula mozungulira madera a pansi and 150 feet wide), for the carved figures (columnae caelatae), ndi zazing'ono koma around the lower drums of its columns Zovuta zowoneka bwino pamtunda wake (columnae caelatae), and for the smaller but wamtenga (sima). Kachisi wa Croesus elaborate figured friezes along its roof gutter akuwoneka kuti watenthedwa mu 356 BC. (sima). Croesus' temple seems to have been Nyumba yatsopanoyi inamangidwa burned down in 356 BC. The new temple built posakhalitsa pambuyo pake inakopera shortly afterward copied the old in its wakaleyo ku columnae caelatae, umodzi mwa columnae caelatae, one of which was by iwo unali wa Scopas; koma sima watsopano, Scopas; but the new sima, instead of small, mmalo mwazithunzi zazing'ono, zinkakhala crowded figures, had a more conventional, if zokongola kwambiri, ngati zamphamvu, vigorous, rinceau ornament. The cella

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zokongoletsera zopera. Zina mwazinthu zina contained, among other great works, the za ntchito zazikulu, Amazons wa Polyclitus, Amazons of Polyclitus, Phidias, and Cresilas. Phidias, ndi Cresilas. Lysimachean Efeso yakhala ikufukulabe Lysimachean Ephesus has been continuously kuyambira 1894 ndi Austria Archaeological excavated since 1894 by the Austrian Institute, koma mzindawo ndi wolimba Archaeological Institute, but so solid and kwambiri ndi tawuni ya Roma kuti extensive is the Roman town that by the early kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960 a 1960s the Austrians had rarely penetrated to Austriya sadalowere ku Greece. Hellenistic levels. Pamapiri a Ayasoluk (Hagios Theologos) ndi On the hill of Ayasoluk (Hagios Theologos) is tchalitchi cha Justinian cha St. John Theoloji, Justinian's church of St. John the Theologian, anamanga kuzungulira kachisi omwe built around a shrine variously associated in amachitikira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za the early Middle Ages with the death or bodily m'ma 2000 ndi imfa kapena kuganiza kwa assumption of St. John. The church, uncovered thupi la St. John. Tchalitchi, chosaphimbidwa since 1922, is a noble structure but badly kuyambira 1922, ndi nyumba yabwino koma restored. On the hill there is also a beautiful imabwezeretsedwa bwino. Phirili palinso Seljuq mosque dedicated in 1375. mzikiti wokongola wa Seljuq woperekedwa mu 1375. Nyumba zomangamanga za mzindawo The public buildings of the city are arranged in zimakonzedwa muzithunzi zam'mbali a rectangular street pattern going back to mumsewu kubwerera ku masiku a Ahelene. Hellenistic days. They include the theatre, Amaphatikizapo malo owonetsera, omwe capable of seating nearly 25,000 spectators amatha kukhala pafupi ndi 25,000 owonerera and completed in its present form under ndikukwaniritsa mawonekedwe ake pansi pa Trajan; the agora (marketplace), surrounded Trajan; malo (pamsika), akuzunguliridwa ndi by stoas (sheltered promenades), dating from stoas (malo otetezedwa), kuyambira nthawi ya the time of Severus; the library of Celsus, also Severus; laibulale ya Celsus, komanso Trajanic Trajanic and well known because of its facade; ndi yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha and an immense array of baths and chiwonongeko chake; komanso malo osambira gymnasiums. ambiri komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Nyumba zonsezi zili kumadzulo kwa Pion. All these buildings are to the west of Pion. On Pamphepete mwa kumpoto ndilo masewera its north side is the stadium and north of this ndi kumpoto kwa izi masewera a Publius the gymnasium of Publius Vedius Antoninus, Vedius Antoninus, ang'onoang'ono koma relatively small but very complete and with a okwanira komanso ndi chapamwamba notable chapel for the cult of Antoninus Pius. popembedza Antoninus Pius. Kum'mwera kwa South of Pion were the odeum--another gift of Pion kunali odeum - mphatso ina ya Vedius - Vedius--a roofed semicircular theatre to hold malo opangira masewero olimbitsa thupi 1,400 persons; also a series of fountains and okwana 1,400; komanso akasupe amadzi ndi aqueducts, notably the aqueduct of Gaius madzi, makamaka mitsinje ya Gaius Sextilius Sextilius Pollio, which crossed the valley from Pollio, yomwe inadutsa chigwa kuchokera ku Coressus. The unmortared city wall along the Coressus. Khoma losasunthika mumzinda wa crest of Coressus appears to be that of Coressus likuoneka ngati la Lysimachus. Lysimachus. Kuchokera ku mzinda wa Byzantine Of the early Byzantine city, besides the stretch woyambirira, pambali pa khoma la nsalu pa of curtain wall on Panajir Dag, there remain Panajir Dag, pamakhalabe mpingo the ruined church of the Seven Sleepers to its

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woonongeka wotchedwa seven Sleepers east and the long double basilica of the Virgin, ndi tchalitchi chachikulu the scene of the council, to its west. This chotchedwa Virgin, malo a bungwe, basilica was rebuilt several times; it was kumadzulo.Kum'maŵa Tchalitchichichinamangidwanso largely around this building, between the great kangapo; Ambiri anali kuzungulira nyumbayi, gymnasiums and the stadium of the classical pakati pa masewera akuluakulu a masewera city, that the early Byzantine Ephesians olimbitsa thupi ndi malo oyendamo gathered. mumzindawu, kuti Aefeso oyambirira a ku Byzantine anasonkhana.

PAULO MTUMWI - PAUL THE APOSTLE Mtumwi Paulo anali mmodzi wa anthu otchuka The apostle Paul was one of the most famous kwambiri mu Ufumu wa Roma ndipo citizens of the Roman Empire and without mosakayikira mmodzi mwa anthu otchuka question one of the most influential individuals kwambiri m'mbiri. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi in history.He was used by the Lord in his Ambuye mu ntchito zake zaumishonale ndi za missionary and evangelistic activities to set in ulaliki kuti ayambe bungwe lalikulu la bungwe motion a great deal of the organization known lodziwika kuti Christian Church, Thupi la as the Christian Church, the Body of Christ on Khristu pa dziko lapansi, kufikira momwe earth, to the extent that billions of human mabiliyoni a anthu adakhudzidwa beings have been directly or indirectly affected mwachindunji kapena molakwika utumiki by his ministry.Under the inspiration of the wake. Pansi pa kudzoza kwa Mzimu Woyera, Holy Spirit, he wrote the foundation adalemba maziko a maziko a moyo documents for the Christian way of life, the wachikhristu, Mau a Mulungu omwe asintha Word of God which has changed the lives of miyoyo ya mamiliyoni ambiri. millions.

Maphunziro a Paulo Paul’s Education Paulo adaphunzitsidwa ndi amayi ake kufikira Paul was educated by his mother until the age zaka zisanu. Kuyambira zaka zisanu mpaka of five.From age five to ten he studied with his khumi anaphunzira ndi atate ake m'malemba father in the Hebrew scriptures and traditional Achiheberi ndi malemba achikhalidwe. Pa writings.At the same time, being a Roman nthawi yomweyo, pokhala nzika ya Roma citizen and living in a Greek and Roman komanso kukhala m'dera lachi Greek ndi environment, he received a thorough Aroma, adaphunzira bwino chi Greek, mbiri, education in the Greek language, history, and ndi chikhalidwe chawo. culture. Anatumizidwa ku Yerusalemu ali pafupi zaka He was sent to Jerusalem at about the age of khumi kuti apite ku sukulu ya rabbi ya ten to attend the rabbinical school of Gamaliel, Gamaliel, yemwe anali mwana wa Simeoni who was the son of Simeon the son of mwana wa Hillel. Gamaliyeli anali rabbi Hillel.Gamaliel was a most eminent rabbi who wolemekezeka kwambiri yemwe was mentioned both in the Talmud and in the amatchulidwa onse mu Talmud ndi mu New Testament (ACTS 5:24-40; 22:3).Gamaliel Chipangano Chatsopano ( MACHITIDWE 5:24-40; was called Rabban - one of only seven teachers 22:3 ). Gamaliyeli ankatchedwa Rabbani - so called.He was a Pharisee, but he rose above mmodzi mwa aphunzitsi asanu ndi awiri okha party prejudice.He composed a prayer against omwe amatchedwa. Iye anali Mfarisi, koma the Christian “heretics”.He lived and died a anawuka pamwamba pa tsankho. Anapanga Jew. pemphero motsutsana ndi "opanduka" achikristu. Iye anakhala ndi moyo ndipo

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anamwalira Myuda. At this time, Herod was dead, and the Romans At this time, Herod was dead, and the Romans had complete control of Judea, hence, there had complete control of Judea, hence, there was Roman money, language, and culture. The was Roman money, language, and culture.The Jews, therefore, were inclined to cling more Jews, therefore, were inclined to cling more closely to their religion as the center of unity. closely to their religion as the center of [Refer to the topic:JUDEAN HISTORY ] unity.[Refer to the topic:JUDEAN HISTORY] There were two great rabbinical schools, those There were two great rabbinical schools, those of Hillel and Schammai. Hillel, the grandfather of Hillel and Schammai.Hillel, the grandfather of Gamaliel, held that tradition was superior to of Gamaliel, held that tradition was superior to the Law. The school of Schammai despised the Law.The school of Schammai despised traditionalists, especially when there teachings traditionalists, especially when there teachings clashed with the writings of Moses. clashed with the writings of Moses. Sukulu yachipembedzo ya Gamaliel (Hillel) The religious school of Gamaliel (Hillel) was inalankhula pamlomo ndipo kawirikawiri inali chiefly oral and usually had a prejudice against ndi tsankho kwa buku lililonse koma Lemba. any book but Scripture.They used a system of Anagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe ovomerezeka Scriptural exegesis, and Josephus in his a m'Malemba, ndipo Josephus analemba kuti writings expressed the wish to have such a akufuna kukhala ndi mphamvu yotereyi. power of exegesis.When school was in session, Sukulu ikamayambira, amuna ophunzira learned men met and discussed scriptures, adakumana ndikukambirana malemba, gave various interpretations, suggested amapereka matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana, illustrations, and quoted precedents.The mafanizo omwe ankanenedwa, ndi zomwe students were encouraged to question, doubt, zanenedwa kale. Ophunzirawo even contradict. analimbikitsidwa kukayikira, kukaikira, ngakhale kutsutsana. Pamene Paulo adakhala Mkhristu, maphunziro When Paul became a Christian, his very ake enieni anali othandiza kwambiri. Anatha thorough education was enormously kuphunzitsa ziphunzitso zachikhristu helpful.He was able to assimilate Christian mofulumira ndi kuwafotokozera molondola doctrines rapidly and relate them accurately to kwa malembo omwe adalandira. Kuchokera ku the Scripture teaching he had received.From maphunziro ake, kuyambira Gamaliyeli ndi his education, both from Gamaliel and in the m'chipululu kuchokera kwa Ambuye Yesu desert from the Lord Jesus Christ, Paul Khristu, Paulo adakhazikitsa maganizo a developed a divine viewpoint attitude toward Mulungu pa mbiri ya anthu. human history. Paulo ankadziwa kuti kukhalapo kwa Mulungu Paul knew that the existence of God can easily kumatha kuzindikira mosavuta ndi wina be perceived by anyone, that man can become aliyense, kuti munthu akhoza kuzindikira za aware of God, but that many men’s deliberate Mulungu, koma kuti mwachangu anthu ambiri halted this good beginning by immoral mwadongosolo adaletsa chiyambi ichi activities which accompanied their chabwino ndi ntchito zachiwerewere zomwe idolatry.Therefore, Paul had an intense hatred zinaphatikizapo kupembedza mafano. of idolatry of any kind. Chifukwa chake, Paulo adadana kwambiri ndi kupembedza mafano. Chiphunzitso cha Paulo chimasonyeza kuti Paul’s teaching shows that the only reality is chokhacho ndi Mulungu. Kupembedza mafano God.Idolatry distorts man’s conception of the

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kumasokoneza mimba ya munthu padziko world and external nature.Idolatry is the lapansi ndi chikhalidwe chakunja. enemy of mankind. Kupembedza mafano ndi mdani wa anthu. Paulo adadziwa lamulo la kukula kwa Paul knew the law of growth of human umunthu. Monga wachiroma, Tarisi, Chiheberi, nature.As a Roman, Tarsian, Hebrew, and ndi Chigiriki chachikhalidwe, iye adadziwa culturally Greek, he knew of the many zovuta zambiri za moyo wa anthu ake. Monga distortions of the life of his society.As a nation mtundu umakhala wopanda thanzi, chitukuko becomes unhealthy, development is chatsekedwa. Zolinga zapachikhalidwe ponena halted.Societies errors as to the nature of God za chikhalidwe cha Mulungu ndi ubale and the true relation of God to man prevented weniweni wa Mulungu kwa munthu nations from getting rid of their besetting evil. unalepheretsa amitundu kuchotsa kuipa kwawo. Mabuku a Machitidwe ndi mbiri yovomerezeka The books of Acts is the chief authoritative ya utumiki wa Paulo ndi atumwi ena. Kwa record for the ministries of Paul and the other ndandanda yachidule ya utumiki wa Paulo, apostles.For a brief outline of Paul’s ministry, onani CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF MINISTRY PAUL . see the CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF PAUL’S Ntchito yowona bwino, yolondola, ndi MINISTRY.The most thorough, accurate, and yosangalatsa kwambiri pa Paulo ndi Life and interesting secular work on Paul is The Life and Epistles St. Paul , ndi Conybeare ndi Howson. Epistles of St. Paul, by Conybeare and Howson.

Paulo, Wamndende wa Amitundu Paul, The Prisoner for the Gentiles Ambuye adamupangitsa Paulo kukhala The Lord made Paul a missionary to the amishonale kwa amitundu, ngakhale Gentiles, even revealing to him during the kumufotokozera nthawi yomwe anamangidwa period of his arrest in Palestine, and during his ku Palestina, komanso panthawi ya mayesero subsequent trials before Jewish and Roman omwe adawatsogolera pamaso pa akuluakulu authorities, that he should “be of good cheer, achiyuda ndi achiroma, kuti akhale for you must bear witness of Jesus at Rome.” "wokondwa, chifukwa uyenera kuchitira umboni za Yesu ku Roma. " Atakhala nthawi yaitali ku Antiokeya pambuyo After a considerable stay at Antioch after his pa ulendo wake wachiwiri waumishonale, second missionary journey, Paul departed and Paulo adachoka napita m'dziko lonse la went over all the country of Galatia and Galatiya ndi Frugiya kuti akalimbikitse Phrygia in order to strengthen the disciples ophunzira ( MACHITIDWE 18:23 ). Panthawiyi, (ACTS 18:23).During this time, he also gave adaperekanso malangizo okhudzana ndi directions for the collection for the poor in osauka ku Yerusalemu. Jerusalem. Anadza ku Efeso, mwinamwake cha m'ma 53 He came to Ephesus, probably in about 53 AD Iye adapeza kumeneko ophunzira khumi A.D.He found there twelve disciples of Apollos ndi awiri a Apolo omwe adalandira ubatizo wa who had only received John’s baptism and Yohane pokha ndipo sanadziwe za Mzimu were not aware of the Holy Spirit and Church Woyera ndi Zinsinsi za M'bado wa Mpingo. Age mysteries. Anaphunzitsa miyezi itatu m'sunagoge ku He taught three months in the synagogue in Efeso. Poyang'anizana ndi kutsutsidwa, iye Ephesus.In the face of opposition, he took his adapita ku sukulu imodzi, Tyrannus, komwe classes to the school of one, Tyrannus, where ankaphunzitsa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zaka ziwiri. he taught daily for two years.Exorcists were

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Otsutsa okhulupirira anatembenuzidwa ndipo converted and books of magic were burned by mabuku a matsenga anawotchedwa ndi the new converts.He paid a visit to Corinth, otembenuka mtima atsopano. Anabwerera ku then returned to Ephesus where he wrote 1 Korinto, ndipo adabwerera ku Efeso kumene Corinthians. adalemba 1 Akorinto. Paulo adachoka ku Trowa ndi Makedoniya Paul left for Troas and Macedonia because of chifukwa cha ngozi ku Efeso kuchokera kwa the danger in Ephesus from the silversmiths osula siliva ndi amisiri omwe anapanga nkhani and craftsmen who made articles for the za kupembedza Diana. (Onani mutu:EFESO ) worship of Diana.(See Topic:EPHESUS)He sailed Anapita ku Makedoniya kukakumana ndi Tito, to Macedonia to meet Titus, landed at Neapolis nakafika ku Neapolisi, napita ku Filipi komwe and went to Philippi where he was “comforted "adalimbikitsidwa ndi Tito." Anatumiza Tito ku by Titus.”He sent Titus to Corinth with the Korinto ndi kalata yachiwiri ya ku Korinto ndi second Corinthian letter and instructions for malangizo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira kwa completing the collection there for needy Akhristu osowa. . Christians. Paulo adadutsa ku Makedoniya ndipo adafika Paul traveled through Macedonia and finally ku Korinto yekha, atakhala kumeneko pafupi arrived at Corinth himself, staying there about miyezi itatu ndikulemba Aroma. Ananyamula three months and writing Romans.He took ngalawa kupita ku Mileto komwe anakumana ship for Miletus where he met for a few days ndi akulu a ku Efeso masiku angapo. Kenako with Ephesian elders.He then sailed (island ananyamuka ulendo wopita ku Tiro, ku hopping to Coos, Rhodes, and Patara) to Rhodes, ndi Patara. Kuchokera ku Turo Tyre.From Tyre he wailed to Ptolemais and adafuulira ku Ptolemayi, nafika ku Kaisareya. reached Caesarea. Paulo anachenjezedwa kuti asapite ku Paul was warned not to visit Jerusalem.He Yerusalemu. Iye anapita apobe ndipo went anyway and was warmly received by the analandiridwa mwachikondi ndi abale. brethren.He had an interview with James and Anakambirana ndi James ndi akulu. the elders.A charge was brought against him Sanihedirini anamuuza kuti "anaphunzitsa by the Sanhedrin that “he taught all the Jews Ayuda onse pakati pa Amitundu kuti asiye among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, saying Mose, kuti asadulire ana awo, kapena kutsatira that they ought not to circumcise their sons, miyambo yawo." [Nkhani yokhudza Sanhedrin, neither to walk after their customs.”[For a onani Nkhani:CHIYUDA CHIPEMBEDZO] discussion of the Sanhedrin, see topic:JEWISH RELIGIOUS SYSTEM] Khoti Lalikulu la Ayuda linapempha Paulo kuti The Sanhedrin asked Paul to do a public act of achite chigamulo cha boma kuti atsimikizire the Law in order to prove his faith.There were chikhulupiriro chake. Panali amuna anayi four men who were to undergo the ritual omwe ankayenera kuchita mwambo associated with the Nazarite vow, and Paul wovomerezeka ndi lonjezo la Naziri, ndipo was requested to put himself under that vow Paulo adafunsidwa kuti adziike yekha pansi pa and to pay the costs of the other four men.He lumbirolo ndikulipira ndalama za amuna ena did so. anayi. Iye anachita izo. Pambuyo pake Ayuda ena ochokera ku Asiya After this some Jews from Asia stirred up the adakakamiza anthu kuti amutsutse, people against him, charging himwith bringing nam'pempha kuti abweretse Ahelene ku Greeks into the Temple.A Gentile man from kachisi. Mwamuna wa Amitundu wochokera Ephesus named Trophimus was with Paul, and ku Efeso wotchedwa Trofimo anali ndi Paulo, the Jews supposed that Paul had brought him ndipo Ayuda ankaganiza kuti Paulo into the temple, which would have been a

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anamubweretsa iye m'kachisimo, chomwe sacrilege.The mob took Paul to kill him, but chikanakhala chopembedza. Gulu soldiers of the Roman garrison appeared.Paul lachigawenga linamutenga Paulo kuti amuphe, spoke to the mob in his own defense, telling of koma asilikali a kampu ya Roma adawonekera. his mission to the Gentiles.They shouted Paulo adalankhula kwa gululi podziimira “Away with such a fellow from the earth, for it yekha, akuuza za ntchito yake kwa amitundu. is not fit that he should live.” (ACTS 22:1-23). Iwo anafuula "Chotsani ndi munthu wotere kuchokera padziko lapansi, pakuti sikuyenera kuti akhale ndi moyo." ( MACHITIDWE 22:1-23 ). Asilikari achiroma adamutengera Paulo The Roman soldiers took Paul to the kumpanda wa bwanamkubwa kukafunsidwa governor’s castle for interrogation by ndi kumkwapula, pomwepo Paulo adanena scourging, at which time Paul claimed his kuti anali nzika ya Roma. M'mawa mwake Roman citizenship.The next morning he was adatengedwera ku Sanhedrin, koma panalibe taken before the Sanhedrin, but there was no chigamulo chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati conclusion because of the dissension between pa Asaduki ndi Afarisi. Paulo anatengedwa ku the Sadducees and Pharisees.Paul was taken chinyumba chitetezo, udali usiku umenewo, back to the castle for protection, and it was Yehova anaonekera kwa Paulo anamuuza kuti ( that night that the Lord appeared to Paul "limbikani mtima." MACHITIDWE 23:6 - 10 ) telling him to “be of good cheer.”(ACTS 23:6-10) Pomwepo mudakonza chiwembu pakati pa There arose a conspiracy among forty Jews to Ayuda makumi anai kuti aphe Paulo, koma assassinate Paul, but Paul’s nephew brought mphwake wa Paulo adamuchenjeza za him a warning of the plot.The Romans decided chiwembucho. Aroma adaganiza zomutumiza to send him to Caesarea to Felix, the ku Kayisareya kwa Felike, bwanamkubwa procurator (governor) of Judea (ACTS (bwanamkubwa) wa Yudea ( MACHITIDWE 22:21ff).Before Felix, Paul was merely asked 22:21 ff). Pamaso pa Felike, Paulo from province he had come.Five days later, the adangopemphedwa kuchokera ku chigawo kuti high priest Ananias and some of the Sanhedrin abwere. Patapita masiku asanu, mkulu wa appeared, with Tertullus as their advocate ansembe Hananiya ndi ena mwa Sanhedrin (ACTS 24:1-9).They made charges, which Paul anaonekera, ndi Tertulo ngati nkhoswe yawo ( denied.Felix delayed the proceeding further MACHITIDWE 24:1 - 9 ). Iwo amatsutsa, zomwe until Claudias Lysias, the captain of the Roman Paulo anakana. Felike adachedwa nthawi troops n Jerusalem, could come to give yomweyo mpaka Kalaudiyo Lusiya, mkulu wa evidence. asilikali a Roma ndi Yerusalemu, adabwera kudzapereka umboni. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, mkazi wa Felix, After a few days, Felix’ wife, Drusilla, a Jewess, Drusilla, Myuda, ankafuna kuwona ndikumva wanted to see and hear Paul.Paul appeared and Paulo. Paulo adawonekera ndikupereka gave the gospel to Felix and Drusilla.Felix uthenga kwa Felix ndi Drusilla. Felike trembled but was unrepentant.He wanted a adanjenjemera koma sanalapa. Ankafuna kuti bribe from Paul so did not acquit him.(Drusilla apereke chiphuphu kuchokera kwa Paulo died in the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, AD 79.) choncho sanamulandire. (Drusilla anamwalira phokoso la Mt. Vesuvius, AD 79.) Felike anamusunga Paulo m'ndende ku Felix kept Paul a prisoner in Caesarea (under Kaisareya (kumangidwa kwamseri kwa zaka loose house arrest) for two years until the ziwiri) mpaka Festasi, bwanamkubwa arrival of Festus, the new governor.Festus watsopanoyo atabwera. Festo anafuna kuti wanted Paul taken back to Jerusalem, but Paul

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Paulo abwerere ku Yerusalemu, koma Paulo was aware of the danger there and uttered the adadziwa za ngoziyo ndipo adatchula mawu Latin word Caesarem apello! -- “I appeal to achilatini a Caesarem apello! - "Ndikupempha Caesar!”Festus was thus obliged to make kwa Kaisara!" Choncho Fesito adakonzekera arrangements for Paul to travel to Rome under kuti Paulo apite ku Roma atawatsogolera. escort. Pa nthawiyi, Mfumu Agiripa II, pamodzi ndi About this time, King Agrippa II, with his sister, mlongo wake, Berenice, anabwera kudzaona Berenice, came to visit Festus, the new Fesito, bwanamkubwa watsopano. Festasi governor.Festus pleaded ignorance of Jewish adalimbikitsa kusamvera lamulo lachiyuda, law, so Paul made his testimony before kotero Paulo anapereka umboni wake pamaso Agrippa, with the greatest of pomp and pa Agrippa, ndi mwambo wodabwitsa ceremony.This episode was one of the greatest kwambiri. Chochitika ichi chinali chimodzi defenses of the gospel ever recorded.Agrippa mwazitetezo zazikulu kwambiri za Uthenga said, “Almost you persuade me ...” Wabwino. Agrippa anati, "Pafupifupi inu mumandikakamiza ine ..." Fesito adaganiza kuti Paulo anali wosalakwa Festus decided then that Paul was innocent or kapena wolakwa, ndipo amamulola kuti apite wrongdoing, and he would have let him go free kwaulere ngati sakanapempha Kaisara. if he had not appealed to Caesar.

Ulendo wa Paulo kupita ku Roma Paul’s Voyage to Rome Paulo aperekeza ku ulendo wopita ku Roma Paul’s escort on the trip to Rome was a platoon anali gulu la asilikali achiroma omwe anali of Roman soldiers under Julius, a centurion of pansi pa Julius, katswiri wa asilikali wa the Augustan Cohort.They sailed in a coasting Augustan Cohort. Anayenda m'chombo vessel to Adramyttium and Sidon.Paul was chotchedwa Adramytium ndi Sidon. Paulo given liberty.The next port was Myra, from anapatsidwa ufulu. Gombe lotsatirali linali which they took ship to Italy. Myra, komwe adachokera ku Italy. Ananyamuka ulendo wopita ku Krete, ndipo They sailed to Crete, stayed at the port of Fair anakhala pamtunda wa Khomo Lokongola kwa Havens for one month,sailed for Phoenix, and mwezi umodzi, n'kupita ku Phoenix, n'kupita were driven on the rocks at Malta where they nawo ku miyala ya ku Malta kumene stayed for three months.From Malta they anakhalako kwa miyezi itatu. Kuchokera ku sailed in the vessel “Castor and Pollux” to Malta, iwo anayenda m'ngalawamo "Castor ndi Syracuse (Sicily) and Rhegium, the port city of Pollux" ku Syracuse (Sicily) ndi Regium, the Italian province of Puteoli.From there they mzinda wa doko wa chigawo cha Italy went to Rome on the Appian Way. chotchedwa Puteoli. Atachoka kumeneko anapita ku Roma pa Njira ya Apiyo. Ku Roma Paulo ankakhala m'nyumba yake In Rome Paul dwelled in his own hired house yolipidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi mkulu wa under the supervision of a Prefect of the asilikali oyang'anira asilikali. Analoledwa Praetorian Guard.He was permitted t o hold kutenga misonkhano, ndipo anakumana ndi meetings, and he met with Jewish elders, akulu achiyuda, kupambana ena mwa Khristu. winning some of them to Christ.This period Nthawi imeneyi idatha zaka ziwiri, pomwepo lasted two years, during which he wrote analemba Filimoni, Akolose, Aefeso, ndi Afilipi. Philemon, Colossians, Ephesians, and Philippians. Nero adatsutsidwa, kotero anali mfulu kuti He was acquitted by Nero, so he was free to

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ayende ndikuchita. Ulendo wake unali ku Krete travel and did so.His visits were to Crete and to ndi ku Asia Minor; ndipo ambiri akuganiza kuti Asia Minor; and it is widely thought that he anapita ku Spain pa ulendo wamishonale. traveled in Spain on a missionary journey.He is Akulingalira kuti adamangidwa kachiwiri ku thought to have been arrested again in Efeso ndipo adatengedwanso ku Roma Ephesus and taken again to Rome from there, kuchokera kumeneko, koma nthawi ino but this time treated as a malefactor, with his ankachita ngati wolakwa, ndi anzake omwe friends deserting him (except for Luke and amamufuna (kupatula Luka ndi Onesiforo). Onesiphorus).There was persecution in Rome Panali chizunzo ku Roma panthawi ino, at this time, and a campaign of terror by Nero komanso pulojekiti ya Nero yozunza Akhristu. against the Christians.Paul was condemned Paulo adatsutsidwa ndikuphedwa ku Roma. and executed in Rome. "Ndamenya nkhondo yabwino, ndatsiriza njira “I have fought a good fight, I have finished my yanga, ndasunga chikhulupiriro; Kuchokera pano, course, I have kept the faith; henceforth there is ndaikidwa korona wa chilungamo, chimene laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which Ambuye, woweruza wolungama, adzandipatsa the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give me at tsiku limenelo. " that day.”

UTUMWI - APOSTLESHIP

Mau oyamba Introduction Mawu oti "mtumwi" ( apostolos ) The word “apostle” (apostolos) is from the akuchokera ku Chigriki, kutanthauza Greek, meaning “an ambassador; one who "kazembe; mmodzi amene watumizidwa; is sent; a delegated authority.”The word wosiilidwa ulamuliro. "Mawuwo was used for high-ranking naval officers in anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amaudindo classical Greek times. An apostle of Jesus apamwamba panyanja pa nthawi zachi Christ was the highest ranking official in Greek. Mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu anali the local churches, mkulu woyang'anira mipingo,

1 Akorinto 12:28 1 Corinthians 12:28 Ndipo Mulungu awaika izi mu mpingo:poyamba And God has appointed these in the church:first atumwi, achiwiri aneneri, atatu aphunzitsi, apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after pambuyo pa zozizwitsa, ndiye mphatso za that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, machiritso, zothandizira, maulamulidwe, administrations, varieties of tongues. malilime osiyanasiyana. Atumwi a Yesu Khristu adasankhidwa ndi Apostles of Jesus Christ were appointed by Mulungu Atate chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa God the Father for the purpose of mipingo ndikufalitsa choonadi chatsopano. establishing churches and spreading new truth.

WERENGANI Aefeso 3:1 - 10 READ Ephesians 3:1-10 Panali mphatso yauzimu komanso udindo There were both the spiritual gift and office wa utumwi. Mphatso ya uzimu inali of apostleship.The spiritual gift was the yaumulungu yomwe imatha kugwira divine enabling to function as an apostle. ntchito monga mtumwi.

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Aefeso 4:11 Ephesians 4:11 Ndipo Iye mwini adapatsa ena kukhala atumwi, And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some aneneri, ena alaliki, ndi abusa ndi aphunzitsi ena, prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,

1 Akorinto 12:28,29 1 Corinthians 12:28,29 28 Ndipo Mulungu awaika izi mu 28 And God has appointed these in the mpingo:poyamba atumwi, achiwiri aneneri, atatu church:first apostles, second prophets, third aphunzitsi, pambuyo pa zozizwitsa, ndiye teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of mphatso za machiritso, zothandizira, healings, helps, administrations, varieties of maulamulidwe, malirime osiyanasiyana. tongues. Kodi onsewo ndi atumwi? Kodi onse ali aneneri? 29 Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all Kodi onse aphunzitsi? Kodi onse akuchita teachers? Are all workers of miracles? zozizwitsa? Udindo wa utumwi unali ulamuliro The office of apostleship was the authority wakugwira ntchito monga mtumwi. to function as an apostle.

Aroma 1:5 Romans 1:5 Kupyolera mwa Iye ife talandira chisomo ndi Through Him we have received grace and utumwi kwa kumvera kwa chikhulupiriro pakati apostleship for obedience to the faith among all pa mafuko onse chifukwa cha dzina Lake, nations for His name,

Macitidwe 1:25 Acts 1:25 kuti atenge mbali mu utumiki ndi utumwi uwu to take part in this ministry and apostleship from kuchokera kwa Yudase mwa kulakwitsa kwagwa, which Judas by transgression fell, that he might kuti apite kumalo ake omwe. " go to his own place.”

Agalatiya 2:8 Galatians 2:8 (pakuti Iye amene adagwira ntchito mwa Petro (for He who worked effectively in Peter for the kuti akhale mtumwi kwa odulidwa adagwiranso apostleship to the circumcised also worked ntchito mwa ine kwa amitundu), effectively in me toward the Gentiles), Zina mwa ntchito za apostolos kunja kwa Some of the uses of apostolos outside of Baibulo ndi: the Bible are: • M'nthawi ya chi Greek (zaka za m'ma 400 • In the classical Greek period (4th and ndi 5 BC), apostolos anagwiritsidwa 5th centuries B.C.), apostolos was used ntchito ndi Lysias ndi Demosthenes by Lysias and Demosthenes to refer to kutanthauza kwa woyang'anira the commander of a naval kayendedwe ka panyanja. Atene atapita expedition.When the Athenians went to kunkhondo, panali amuna angapo war, there was a number of men oyenerera kulamulira zombo. Mmodzi qualified to command the fleet.One of wa awa adasankhidwa ndi maere ndipo these was elected by lot and sent to the anatumizidwa ku zombo kuti alamulire. fleet to command it.He was called Ankatchedwa apostolos. apostolos. • Pa nthawi ya Hellenistic (323 BC ndi • During the Hellenistic period (323 B.C. yotsatira) apostolos ankagwiritsidwa and following) apostolos was used to

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ntchito kutanthawuza munthu refer to a person commissioned and wotumidwa ndi wovomerezedwa ndi authorized by one of the gods. m’modzi mwa milungu. • M'zaka zapapyri za koine nthawi • In the Papyri of the koine period apostolos idagwiritsidwa ntchito apostolos was used to refer to a civil kutanthawuza kwa wothandizira boma agent sent to transact official business. kutumizidwa ku transact bizinesi yamtundu. • Mu Chipangano Chatsopano, atumwi a • In the New Testament, the apostles of Yesu Khristu amagwera m'magulu Jesus Christ fall into two classes: awiri: • Atumwi a Yesu Khristu kwa Israeli • The apostles of Jesus Christ to Israel Luka 6:12 - 16 Luke 6:12-16 Ndipo panali masiku aja, adatuluka napita kuphiri 12 Now it came to pass in those days that He kukapemphera, nakhala usiku wonse went out to the mountain to pray, and continued popemphera kwa Mulungu. all night in prayer to God. 13 Ndipo kutacha, adayitana wophunzira ake kwa 13 And when it was day, He called His disciples to Iye yekha; ndipo mwa iwo adasankha khumi ndi Himself; and from them He chose twelve whom awiri, amene adatchulanso atumwi; He also named apostles: 14 Simoni, amene adamutcha dzina lake Petro, 14 Simon, whom He also named Peter, and ndi Andreya m'bale wake; Yakobo ndi Yohane; Andrew his brother; James and John; Philip and Filipo ndi Bartolomeyo; Bartholomew; Mateyu ndi Tomasi; Yakobo mwana wa Alifeyo, 15 Matthew and Thomas; James the son of ndi Simoni wotchedwa Zealot; Alphaeus, and Simon called the Zealot; 16 Yudasi mwana wa Yakobo, ndi Yudasi 16 Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot Isikariyoti amene adakhala wosakhulupirika. who also became a traitor. • Awa adasankhidwa ndi Yesu Khristu • These were appointed by Jesus Christ mogwirizana ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu according to the will of God the Atate. Amuna awa analamulidwa Father.These men were authorized to kulengeza kwa Israeli kuti Mesiya announce to Israel that their Messiah wawo analipo; ndipo adapatsidwa was present; and they were endowed mphamvu zozizwitsa. with miraculous powers.

Luka 9:1,2 Luke 9:1,2 1 Ndipo adayitana ophunzira ake khumi ndi awiri, 1Then He called His twelve disciples together and nawapatsa mphamvu ndi ulamuliro pa ziwanda gave them power and authority over all demons, zonse, ndi kuchiritsa nthenda. and to cure diseases. 2 Anawatumiza kukalalikira Ufumu wa Mulungu 2 He sent them to preach the kingdom of God ndi kuchiritsa odwala. and to heal the sick. • Atumwi a Yesu Khristu kupita ku • The apostles of Jesus Christ to the tchalitchi. Izi zikuphatikizapo: Church.These included: • ophunzira khumi ndi mmodzi • the eleven disciples

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Machitidwe 1:26 Acts 1:26 Ndipo adaponya maere awo, ndipo maere And they cast their lots, and the lot fell on adagwera pa Matiya. Ndipo adawerengedwa Matthias. And he was numbered with the eleven pamodzi ndi atumwi khumi ndi mmodziwo. apostles. • Paulo • Paul Aroma 1:1 Romans 1:1 Paulo, wantchito wa Yesu Khristu, woyitanidwa Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ, called to be kukhala mtumwi, wopatulidwa ku Uthenga an apostle, separated to the gospel of God Wabwino wa Mulungu • Yakobo m'bale wake wa Khristu • James the brother of Christ Agalatiya 2:19 Galatians 2:19 Pakuti ine, mwa lamulo, ndinafera ku chilamulo, For I through the law died to the law that I might kuti ndikhale ndi moyo kwa Mulungu. live to God. • Baranaba • Barnabas Machitidwe 14:14 Acts 14:14 Koma pamene atumwi Barnaba ndi Paulo But when the apostles Barnabas and Paul heard adamva ichi, adang'amba zobvala zawo, this, they tore their clothes and ran in among the nathamanga pakati pa khamulo, nafuwula multitude, crying out

• Timoteo ndi Sila • Timothy and Silas 1 Atesalonika 2:6,7 1 Thessalonians 2:6,7 6 Ndipo sitinapeze ulemerero kwa anthu, kaya 6 Nor did we seek glory from men, either from kwa inu kapena kwa ena, pamene ife tikanakhala you or from others, when we might have made tikufuna zofuna monga atumwi a Khristu. demands as apostles of Christ. 7 Koma ife tinali ofatsa pakati panu, monga mayi 7 But we were gentle among you, just as a woyamwitsa amasamalira ana ake. nursing mother cherishes her own children.

Ziyeneretso za Mtumwi The Qualifications of an Apostle Mtumwi amayenera kukhala ndi mphatso An apostle had to have the spiritual gift of ya uzimu ya utumwi. Mphatsoyo apostleship.The gift was provided by Jesus inaperekedwa ndi Yesu Khristu atakwera Christ after His ascension into Heaven. kumwamba.

Aefeso 4:11 Ephesians 4:11 Ndipo Iye mwini adapatsa ena kukhala atumwi, And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some aneneri, ena alaliki, ndi abusa ndi aphunzitsi ena, prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers, Mphatso inaperekedwa ndi Mzimu Woyera The gift was imparted by the Holy Spirit on pa Tsiku la Pentekoste. the Day of Pentecost.

1 Akorinto 12:11 1 Corinthians 12:11 Koma Mzimu umodzi womwewo umagwira But one and the same Spirit works all these

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ntchito zonsezi, ndikugawira aliyense payekha things, distributing to each one individually as He monga momwe Amafunira. wills.

WERENGANI Machitidwe 2 READ Acts 2 Mtumwi adalandira mphatso ndi udindo The apostle received his gift and office by wake ndi chisankho cha Mulungu Atate. the sovereign decision of God the Father.

1 Akorinto 1:1 1 Corinthians 1:1 Paulo, woyitanidwa kukhala mtumwi wa Yesu Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ Khristu mwa chifuniro cha Mulungu, ndi through the will of God, and Sosthenes our Sosthene mchimwene wathu brother

1 Akorinto 12:18 1 Corinthians 12:18 Koma tsopano Mulungu adaika ziwalo, But now God has set the members, each one of chirichonse mwa izo, mu thupi momwe Iye them, in the body just as He pleased. anafunira.

Aefeso 1:1 Ephesians 1:1 Paulo, mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu mwa chifuniro Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, cha Mulungu, ... …

Akolose 1:1 Colossians 1:1 Paulo, mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu mwa chifuniro Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, cha Mulungu, ndi Timoteo mbale wathu, and Timothy our brother, Mtumwi amayenera kukhala mboni yoona The apostle had to have been an za Ambuye woukitsidwayo. eyewitness of the resurrected Lord.

Machitidwe 1:22 Acts 1:22 Kuyambira pa ubatizo wa Yohane mpaka tsiku beginning from the baptism of John to that day limenelo pamene Iye anatengedwa kuchokera when He was taken up from us, one of these kwa ife, mmodzi wa iwo ayenera kukhala mboni must become a witness with us of His ndi ife za chiukitsiro Chake. " resurrection.”

1 Akorinto 9:1 1 Corinthians 9:1 Kodi sindine mtumwi? Kodi sindine mfulu? Kodi Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not sindinamuone Yesu Khristu Ambuye wathu? Kodi seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work sindinu ntchito yanga mwa Ambuye? in the Lord?

Zolinga za Mtumwi The Credentials of an Apostle Mtumwi adapatsidwa mphamvu zozizwitsa An apostle was endowed with miraculous zodabwitsa. powers of miracles.

Ahebri 2:4 Hebrews 2:4 Mulungu akuchitira umboni pamodzi ndi God also bearing witness both with signs and zizindikiro ndi zodabwitsa, ndi zozizwa wonders, with various miracles, and gifts of the zosiyanasiyana, ndi mphatso za Mzimu Woyera, Holy Spirit, according to His own will? molingana ndi chifuniro Chake?

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2 Akorinto 12:12 2 Corinthians 12:12 Zoonadi zisonyezo za mtumwi zidakwaniritsidwa Truly the signs of an apostle were accomplished pakati panu ndi chipiriro chonse, mu zizindikiro among you with all perseverance, in signs and ndi zodabwitsa ndi ntchito zazikulu. wonders and mighty deeds. Mtumwi adali ndi mwayi mu ulaliki. An apostle had success in evangelism.

1 Akorinto 9:2 1 Corinthians 9:2 Ngati sindiri mtumwi kwa ena, komabe ndine If I am not an apostle to others, yet doubtless I wosauka kwa inu. Pakuti iwe ndi chisindikizo cha am to you. For you are the seal of my apostleship utumwi wanga mwa Ambuye. in the Lord.

2 Akorinto 3:1 - 3 2 Corinthians 3:1-3 1 Kodi timayambanso kudziyamikira tokha? 1Do we begin again to commend ourselves? Or Kapena kodi ife tikusowa, monga ena ena, do we need, as some others, epistles of makalata oyamikira kwa inu kapena makalata commendation to you or letters of oyamikira kuchokera kwa inu? commendation from you? 2 Inu ndinu kalata yathu yolembedwa m'mitima 2 You are our epistle written in our hearts, yathu, yodziwika ndi yowerengedwa ndi anthu known and read by all men; onse; 3 clearly you are an epistle of Christ, ministered 3 Inu ndinu kalata wa Khristu, wotumidwa ndi ife, by us, written not with ink but by the Spirit of the wolembedwa osati ndi inki, koma mwa Mzimu living God, not on tablets of stone but on tablets wa Mulungu wamoyo, osati pa miyala ya miyala, of flesh, that is, of the heart. koma pa miyala ya thupi, ndiyo ya mtima.

Agalatiya 2:7 - 9 Galatians 2:7-9 7 Koma m'malo mwake, pakuwona kuti uthenga 7 But on the contrary, when they saw that the kwa osadulidwa anali zaperekedwa kwa ine, gospel for the uncircumcised had been monga mwa uthenga kwa odulidwa anali Petro committed to me, as the gospel for the 8 (Pakuti Iye amene ntchito bwino Petro circumcised was to Peter kumtuma kwa Mdulidwe unagwiranso ntchito 8 (for He who worked effectively in Peter for the mwa ine kwa amitundu. apostleship to the circumcised also worked 9 Ndipo pamene Yakobo, Kefa, ndi Yohane, effectively in me toward the Gentiles), amene adawoneka ngati mizati, adadziwa 9 and when James, Cephas, and John, who chisomo chimene adandipatsa, adandipatsa ine seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that ndi Barnaba dzanja lamanja la chiyanjano, kuti ife had been given to me, they gave me and ayenera kupita kwa Amitundu ndipo iwo kwa Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we odulidwa. should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. Mtumwi anali ndi mphamvu yakuvutikira. An apostle had the capacity to suffer patiently.

2 Akorinto 12:12 2 Corinthians 12:12 Zoonadi zisonyezo za mtumwi zidakwaniritsidwa Truly the signs of an apostle were accomplished pakati panu ndi chipiriro chonse, mu zizindikiro among you with all perseverance, in signs and ndi zodabwitsa ndi ntchito zazikulu. wonders and mighty deeds.

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Ntchito ya Mtumwi The Function of an Apostle Atumwi adalandira ndi kuwonetsera Apostles received and communicated new vumbulutso latsopano. revelation.

Aefeso 3:2-6 Ephesians 3:2-6 2 Ngati mudamva za nyengo ya chisomo cha 2 if indeed you have heard of the dispensation of Mulungu chimene ndinapatsidwa kwa inu, the grace of God which was given to me for you, 3 kuti mwavumbulutso Iye adandizindikiritsa 3 how that by revelation He made known to me chinsinsi (monga ndalemba kale, the mystery (as I have briefly written already, 4 limene, pamene muwerenga, mukhoza 4 by which, when you read, you may understand kumvetsa chidziwitso changa mu chinsinsi cha my knowledge in the mystery of Christ), Khristu), 5 which in other ages was not made known to 5 omwe mwa mibadwo ina sanadziwike kwa ana the sons of men, as it has now been revealed by a anthu, monga momwe zavumbulutsidwa mwa the Spirit to His holy apostles and prophets: Mzimu kwa atumwi ake ndi aneneri ake: 6 that the Gentiles should be fellow heirs, of the 6 kuti Amitundu ayenera kukhala oloŵa nyumba same body, and partakers of His promise in anzake, a thupi lomwelo, ndi ogawana nawo Christ through the gospel, malonjezano ake mwa Khristu kupyolera mu Uthenga Wabwino, Atumwi adalengeza Uthenga Wabwino Apostles communicated the gospel moyenera ndipo anthu adalandira Khristu effectively and people accepted Christ in poyankha uthenga wawo. response to their preaching.

1 Akorinto 9:1 1 Corinthians 9:1 Kodi sindine mtumwi? Kodi sindine mfulu? Kodi Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not sindinamuone Yesu Khristu Ambuye wathu? Kodi seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work sindinu ntchito yanga mwa Ambuye? in the Lord?

Agalatiya 2:7 - 9 Galatians 2:7-9 7 Koma m'malo mwake, pakuwona kuti uthenga 7 But on the contrary, when they saw that the kwa osadulidwa anali zaperekedwa kwa ine, gospel for the uncircumcised had been monga mwa uthenga kwa odulidwa anali Petro committed to me, as the gospel for the 8 (Pakuti Iye amene ntchito bwino Petro circumcised was to Peter kumtuma kwa Mdulidwe unagwiranso ntchito 8 (for He who worked effectively in Peter for the mwa ine kwa amitundu. apostleship to the circumcised also worked 9 Ndipo pamene Yakobo, Kefa, ndi Yohane, effectively in me toward the Gentiles), amene adawoneka ngati mizati, adadziwa 9 and when James, Cephas, and John, who chisomo chimene adandipatsa, adandipatsa ine seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that ndi Barnaba dzanja lamanja la chiyanjano, kuti ife had been given to me, they gave me and ayenera kupita kwa Amitundu ndipo iwo kwa Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we odulidwa. should go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. Atumwi adathandiza kukonza mipingo ya Apostles helped organize local churches kumalo ndi akulu omwe adasankhidwa. and appointed officers.

Machitidwe 14:23 Acts 14:23

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Ndipo pamene adaika akulu mumpingo uliwonse, So when they had appointed elders in every napemphera ndi kusala kudya, adawayamikira church, and prayed with fasting, they kwa Ambuye amene adakhulupirira. commended them to the Lord in whom they had believed.

Tito 1:5 Titus 1:5 Chifukwa cha ichi ndinakusiya iwe ku Krete, kuti For this reason I left you in Crete, that you should upange zosowa, nimuike akulu mumzinda uli set in order the things that are lacking, and wonse monga ndinakulamulira iwe appoint elders in every city as I commanded you Atumwi adaphunzitsa okhulupirira Apostles trained new believers in doctrine. atsopano mu chiphunzitso.

WERENGANI 1 Atesalonika 1:5 mpaka 2:12. READ 1 Thessalonians 1:5 to 2:12. Atumwi anali ndi ulamuliro wopereka Apostles had the authority to administer chilango kwa okhulupirira. discipline to believers.

WERENGANI Machitidwe 5:1 - 10 READ Acts 5:1-10

1 Timoteo 1:20 1 Timothy 1:20 Amene ali Humenayo ndi Alesandro, amene of whom are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I ndidawapereka kwa Satana kuti aphunzire delivered to Satan that they may learn not to kusamchitira mwano. blaspheme.

1 Akorinto 4:21 1 Corinthians 4:21 Kodi mukufuna chiyani? Kodi ndingabwere kwa What do you want? Shall I come to you with a inu ndi ndodo, kapena m'chikondi ndi mzimu rod, or in love and a spirit of gentleness? waulemu?

2 Akorinto 13:2 2 Corinthians 13:2 Ine ndakuuzani inu kale, ndikulosera ngati kuti I have told you before, and foretell as if I were ndinalipo kachiwiri, ndipo pakali pano present the second time, and now being absent I sindilembera kwa iwo amene adachimwa kale, write to those who have sinned before, and to all ndi kwa ena onse, kuti ndikadzabwere the rest, that if I come again I will not spare sindidzasiya Mtumwi anali ndi mphamvu pa mipingo yonse The apostle had authority over all local yapafupi chifukwa anali njira ya vumbulutso la churches because he was the channel of Chipangano Chatsopano. Kuyambira nthawi ya New Testament revelation.Since the time atumwi, palibe amene wapatsidwa ulamuliro of the apostles, no one has been given pa mpingo umodzi wokha. authority over more than one local church. Mtumwi Paulo anali mtumwi wokonda The apostle Paul was the most Grace- kufotokozera za chisomo. Iye anazindikira oriented apostle.He realized that he was kuti iye anali woyenera kwambiri kukhala the least deserving to be an apostle. mtumwi.

1 Akorinto 15:9 1 Corinthians 15:9 Pakuti ine ndine wamng'ono kwambiri mwa For I am the least of the apostles, who am not atumwi, sindine woyenera kutchedwa mtumwi, worthy to be called an apostle, because I

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chifukwa ndadzunza mpingo wa Mulungu. persecuted the church of God. Iye anali opindulitsa kwambiri chifukwa He was the most productive because of cha chisomo. Grace.

1 Akorinto 15:10 1 Corinthians 15:10 Koma mwa chisomo cha Mulungu ndiri chomwe But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His ndiri, ndipo chisomo chake kwa ine sichinali grace toward me was not in vain; but I labored chabe; koma ndinagwira ntchito koposa onse, more abundantly than they all, yet not I, but the komatu si ine, koma chisomo cha Mulungu grace of God which was with me. chakukhala ndi ine. Panali atumwi onyenga amene anafalitsa There were false apostles who mbiri zonyenga. communicated false information.

2 Akorinto 11:13 2 Corinthians 11:13 Pakuti otere ali atumwi onama, antchito For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, onyenga, adziwonetsa okha kukhala atumwi a transforming themselves into apostles of Christ. Khristu.

Chivumbulutso 2:2 Revelation 2:2 "Ndidziwa ntchito zako, ntchito yako, chipiriro “I know your works, your labor, your patience, chako, ndi kuti sungathe kupirira omwe ali oipa. and that you cannot bear those who are evil. And Ndipo inu mwawayesa iwo amene amati iwo ndi you have tested those who say they are apostles atumwi ndipo sali, ndipo awapeza iwo onama; and are not, and have found them liars;

MADALITSO - BLESSING

Aefeso 1:3 Ephesians 1:3 "Adalitsike Mulungu ndi Atate wa Ambuye wathu "Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Yesu Khristu amene watidalitsa ndi madalitso Christ who has blessed us with all spiritual onse auzimu:" blessings:" Awa ndi phunziro la Mau a Chipangano This is a study of the New Testament word Chatsopano "madalitso". Tikuyembekezera “blessing”.We expect to answer the following kuyankha mafunso otsatirawa: questions: • Kodi mau akuti "dalitso" amatanthauzanji? • What does the word “blessing” mean? • Mulungu amatidalitsa motani? Kodi • How does God bless us? What does He amatidalitsa ndi chiyani? bless us with? • Ndi madalitso ati omwe Mulungu • What are the blessings that God gives? amapereka? • Kodi timalandira bwanji madalitso amenewa, • How do we get these blessings, and how do ndipo timagwiritsa ntchito bwanji iwo? we make use of them? • Tingakhale bwanji dalitso kwa ena? • How can we be a blessing to others?

MFUNDO YOPHUNZITSO THE CONCEPT OF BLESSING Pali mau achi Greek Achiwiri a Chipangano There are three New Testament Greek words Chatsopano okhudzana ndi mawu a Chingerezi related directly to the English word "blessing".

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akuti "madalitso". ( eulogeitos ) ndilo tanthauzo la chiganizo (eulogeitos) is an adjective meaning “well "loyankhulidwa bwino; tamandidwa " spoken of; praised” ( eulogew ) ndilo liwu:"kulankhula bwino; (eulogew) is a verb:“to speak well of; to kutamanda; kutchula mphamvu yachisomo ya praise; to call down God’s gracious power” Mulungu " ( eulogia ) ndi mawonekedwe a dzina, (eulogia) is the noun form, meaning “praise; kutanthauza "kutamanda; kulankhula bwino " fine speaking” Mawu awa akuwonekera kawirikawiri mu These words show up very seldom in Greek kulemba kwachi Greek. Maganizowa ndi chi classical writing.The concepts are Hebrew in Hebri kuchokera pachiyambi, komanso origin, and the idea of blessing permeates the lingaliro la madalitso opezeka mu Chipangano Old Testament.The New Testament Greek Chakale. Mawu a Chigriki Achigriki words are direct translations from ndimasulidwe omveka kuchokera ku Chihebri. Hebrew.These same Greek words are used Mawu omwewo a Chigriki amagwiritsidwa more than 400 times in the Septuagint (the ntchito maulendo opitirira 400 mu Septuagint Greek translation of the Old Testament) to (kumasuliridwa kwa Chigriki kwa Chipangano represent the Hebrew concepts of blessing Chakale) kufotokozera mfundo zachi Hebri za madalitso Lingaliro pakati pa Ayuda a Chipangano The concept among the Old Testament Jews Chakale linali kuti Mulungu ali ndi kupereka was that God possesses and dispenses all madalitso onse. Adamu, Nowa, makolo akale, blessing.Adam, Noah, the patriarchs, Moses - Mose-onse adalitsidwa ndi Mulungu. are all blessed by God. Mose, amatanthawuza madalitso ogawanitsa Moses, in turn pronounces a parting blessing pa Mitundu khumi ndi (Deut. 33:1 ff). on the Twelve Tribes (Deut. 33:1 ff). Lingaliro la "madalitso" linalinso moyandikana The idea of “blessing” was also closely related kwambiri ndi funso la cholowa,iŵiri kudutsa to the question of inheritance, passing blessing madalitso kuchokera kwa bambo kupita kwa from father to son.Jacob blessed Joseph in Gen. mwana. Yakobo adalitsa Yosefe ku Genesis 48:15, and Joseph’s two sons, Ephraim and 48:15, ndi ana awiri a Yosefe, Efraimu ndi Manasseh.Jacob put his right hand on Manase. Yakobo anaika dzanja lake lamanja pa Ephraim’s head, although he was the younger. mutu wa Efraimu, ngakhale kuti anali wamng'ono. Mu Baibulo onse madalitso ndi matemberero In the Bible both blessing and cursing are said amanenedwa kuti akudutsa mu mibadwo iwiri to be passed down through two or more kapena yoposa. Mwachitsanzo, pali lingaliro la generations.For example, there is the concept temberero la mibadwo inayi, chilango of the four generation curse, divine discipline chaumulungu kwa banja lomwe silichoke mu for a family that is out of fellowship. chiyanjano. Mu moyo wachikhristu, cholowa chimene In the Christian life, the inheritance that we timapereka kwa ana athu ndicho chauzimu, pass down to our children is spiritual, chiphunzitso. doctrinal.

Tanthauzo Definition Vuto lakutanthauzira kwa mawu oti "dalitso" The problem of definition of the word ndikuti sikutembenuzidwa molunjika "blessing" is that it is not a direct translation

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kuchokera ku Chigriki. Mawu oti "dalitso" ndi from the Greek. The word "blessing" is a mawu obwereka omwe afika tsiku lomwelo borrowed word which has attained its present kutanthawuza chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali, day meaning by reason of long usage, rather osati molondola ndi eymological. than by etymological accuracy. Kuchokera ku Dictionary Buku la World: From the World Book Dictionary: 1a. "Kupatulira (chinthu) mwa mwambo 1a.“to consecrate (a thing) by religious rite, wachipembedzo, mwambo, kapena pemphero" formula, or prayer”e.g., “the bishop blessed the mwachitsanzo, "Bishopu adalimbikitsa mpingo new church” watsopano" 1b. "Kupanga zopatulika kapena zopatulika" 1b.“to make holy or sacred.”e.g., “And God mwachitsanzo, "Ndipo Mulungu adalitsika blessed the 7th day and sanctified it”, Genesis tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndikuliyeretsa", 2:3 Genesis 2:3 2. "kupempha chisomo cha Mulungu; kuyamika 2.“to ask God’s favor for; to commend to God’s kuyanjidwa ndi Mulungu kapena kutetezedwa favor or protection”, e.g., “God bless ", mwachitsanzo," Mulungu adalitse amayi ... mommy...daddy” abambo " 3. "kulakalaka zabwino; kuyamikira kuti " 3.“to wish good for; to feel grateful to” 4. "kukondweretsa kapena kukhala 4.“to make happy or fortunate” wamtendere" 5. "kutamanda, kulemekeza, kutcha oyera" 5.“to praise, to glorify, to call holy” 6. "kuteteza kapena kuteteza ku zoipa", 6.“to guard or protect from evil”, e.g. “God mwachitsanzo "Mulungu adalitse nyumba iyi" bless this house” 7. "kuti apange chizindikiro cha Mtanda; kuti 7.“to make the sign of the Cross over; to ward tichotse zoipa " off evil” Funso:Chifukwa chiyani liwu la Chingerezi Question:Why was the English word “blessing” "dalitso" losankhidwa kuti liyimire chosen to represent (eulogeitos). (eulogeitos). Yankho likupezeka mu Oxford English The answer is found in Oxford English Dictionary (OED) -> imodzi mwa mabuku Dictionary (OED) -> one of the world’s greatest akuluakulu ofufuza a padziko lapansi. detective books. OED:kuti mudalitse OED:to bless 1. "kupanga zopatulika; kuyeretsa 1.“to make sacred; to hallow (something)”. (chinachake) ". "Mau oti" dalitsani "amachokera ku Beteli la “The word “bless” is from the Old Teutonic Old Teutonic (Chijeremani), kuchokera ku (German) bletsian, from heathen blood nsembe zamagazi zachikunja. German:das Blut. sacrifices.German:das Blut. English:blood. Chingelezi:magazi. "Tanthawuzo, ndiye, 'kuika (kapena kukhudza “The meaning, then, was ‘to mark (or affect in mwanjira ina) ndi mwazi (kapena nyama ya some way) with blood (or a sacrificial animal)’. nsembe)'. "Kulingalira kwa mawu akuti 'kudalitsa' “The sense development of the word ‘bless’ kunakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusankhidwa was greatly influenced by its having been kwake (kumayambiriro a mapemphero a chosen (in the early English church

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Chingerezi) kumasulira Latin (benedicere) ndi ceremonies) to translate the Latin Greek (eulogeitos)." (benedicere) and the Greek (eulogeitos).” (Kutsiriza kwa OED ndemanga) (End of OED comment) Izi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi chiyambi cha This concurs very well with the origin of the lingaliro la "madalitso" mu Baibulo concept of "blessing" in the Bible In the OT, the M'Chipangano Chakale, liwu lachihebri (baw- Hebrew word (baw-rahk’), meaning “to kneel”, rahk '), kutanthawuza kuti "kugwada", was used one way or another hundreds of linagwiritsiridwa ntchito njira imodzi kapena times to convey the meaning of respect or maulendo ambiri kutanthauzira tanthauzo za adoration.You would kneel before a king in ulemu kapena kupembedza. Inu mumakhoza respect, or to offer thanks for something.Of kugwadira pamaso pa mfumu mwauleme, course, you would kneel to God in adoration, kapena kuyamika chifukwa cha chinachake. praise, thanksgiving, supplication. Inde, mungagwadire Mulungu potamanda, kutamanda, kuyamika, kupembedzera. Omasulira a Septuagint (LXX) anasankha The Septuagint (LXX) translators chose the Chigiriki (eulogeitos) kuimira (baw-rahk ') Greek (eulogeitos) to represent (baw-rahk’) (zoposa 400). Kotero, pakati pa Ayuda (more than 400 times).So, among Greek olankhula Chigriki, ichi chinali mawu wamba speaking Jews, this was a common word for otamandidwa, zikomo-kupereka, kulemekeza, praise, thanks-giving, respect, etc. ndi zina zotero. Olemba Achilatini ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu Latin writers used the verb form (benedicere) akuti benedicere kuti amasulire Chigiriki, to translate the Greek, preferring to offer the pofuna kupereka lingaliro lenileni lachi Greek. literal sense of the Greek. Ndikuganiza kuti iwo akufuna mawu a I think they wanted a strictly English word so Chingerezi kuti athe kuchoka ku mawu they could get away from the Catholic Latin achilatini Achilatini. expressions. Liwu lakuti "kudalitsa" silinali kumasulira The word “bless” was not a literal translation, kwenikweni, koma linali ndi ziphunzitso but it had religious overtones, and they used it zachipembedzo, ndipo zidagwiritsidwa ntchito even though it had come from a heathen ngakhale kuti zinachokera ku gwero source. lachikunja. Kotero, panali mitundu yambiri yaitali ndi So, there was a long and varied series of yosiyana-siyana - Ayuda, achikunja, achikristu associations - Jewish, heathen, Christian - to - kuti agwirizane ndi mawu a Chingerezi akuti blend in the English use of the word “bless”. "kudalitsa". Potero - "dalitso" ndi mawu omwe ali ndi Therefore - “blessing” is a word which has a udindo m'mawu achikhristu chifukwa cha position in Christian vocabulary by reason of kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali. Koma long-standing usage.But it does not directly sikutanthauzira mwachindunji (eulogeitos)! translate (eulogeitos)! KOMA - pali Baibulo lamakono lomwe lili ndi BUT - there is a modern version which *does* kumasulira kwachindunji, ndipo ndiyi yomwe have a direct translation, and it is to this ndikulipira ulemu. Baibuloli ndi Spanish. Mu version that I pay honor.The version is the Aefeso 1:3 mu Chisipanishi, liwu (bendito) Spanish.In Ephesians 1:3 in the Spanish, the ndilo gawo lothandizira liwu (bendecir). word (bendito) is the part participle of the verb (bendecir). Amatanthawuza, kwenikweni, "kunena zinthu It means, literally, "to say good things or good

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zabwino kapena mawu abwino". words". Palibe kukayikira kwa anthu olankhula There is no doubt to Spanish speaking people Chisipanishi zomwe mawu awa akutanthauza. what this word means.Decir is one of the most Decir ndi chimodzi mwa mawu ofala kwambiri common Spanish words.The translators had no a Chisipanishi. Omasulirawo analibe katundu extra baggage from the English, so they wambiri kuchokera ku Chingerezi, kotero iwo translated directly from the Greek (via the anamasulira molunjika kuchokera ku Chigriki Latin). (kupyolera mu Latin). Chingerezi chofanana ndi bendición ndi The English equivalent to bendición is "benedict", komanso kuchokera ku Chigiriki “benediction”, also from the Greek by way of mwa njira ya Chilatini. Latin. Choncho, (eulogeitos) => benedicere => So, (eulogeitos) => benedicere => bendición => bendición => benediction => "praise" benediction => “praise”

CHITSUSO M'BAIBULO BLESSING IN THE BIBLE Mawu oti "dalitso" amadziwika kuti kulipo ndi The word “blessing” recognizes the existence umulungu wa Mulungu. Zimatiuza kuti tikhoza and deity of God.It tells us that we can be kuzindikira za kukhalapo kwake ndi kukhala aware of His existence and have inner ndi chimwemwe cha mumtima chifukwa cha happiness because of who and what He is. yemwe ndi chomwe Iye ali. Komanso amati, kuchokera ku Chigriki, kuti It also tell us, from the Greek, that God was Mulungu anali kuganizira za ife momveka thinking about us in favorable terms, that He bwino, kuti anali ndi malingaliro achikondi, had a mental attitude of love, grace, and mercy chisomo, ndi chifundo kwa ife kuyambira toward us from before the beginning of time. nthawi isanayambe. Kutamandidwa, kapena dalitso, pakuti aliyense Praise, or blessing, for anyone comes from a amachokera ku malingaliro a chikondi ndi mental attitude of love and appreciation for kuyamikira munthu ameneyo. Mulungu that person.God makes an initial move toward amapita patsogolo kwa ife chifukwa cha us because of His mental attitude of love.He maganizo ake achikondi. Amatipatsa chisomo provides us His graciousness, His gift of chake, Mphatso yake ya chipulumutso, salvation, His spiritual gifts, all of which are mphatso zake za uzimu, zonse zomwe manifestations of His love toward us.He zikuwonetseratu chikondi chake kwa ife. thought “good words” toward us. Anaganiza "mau abwino" kwa ife. Watipatsa madalitso onse kwa ife ngati He has provided all blessings for us as an chisonyezero cha chikondi chake. Yankho lathu expression of His love.Our response of blessing la madalitso kapena kutamanda kwa Mulungu, or praise toward God, and toward others, is a ndi kwa ena, ndilo kuyankhidwa kuchokera mu response from a mental attitude of mtima wa kuyamikira. appreciation. Aefeso 1:3 akukamba za chiyambi cha Mulungu Ephesians 1:3 deals with God’s initiation and ndi yankho lathu. our response. Madalitso amayamba mu malingaliro a Blessing begins in the mind of God (Love, Mulungu (Chikondi, Chisomo, "Mawu abwino", Grace, “Good Words”, a Frame of Reference maziko a Buku Lopatulika omwe influenced by His thinking) amatsatiridwa ndi malingaliro Ake) ... kotero, Iye amatipatsa "madalitso onse" ...therefore, He gives us “all blessings”

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... Mkhristu amaphunzira za madalitso ...the Christian learns of these blessings amenewa kudzera mu kuphunzira Baibulo through Bible study and develops a mental ndipo amalimbikitsa mtima wakutamanda ndi attitude of praise and thanks-giving, “good kuyamikira -kupatsa, "mawu abwino" omwe words” with which to express appreciation amasonyeza kuyamikira ... ndi "mau abwino" awa "timadalitsa" ...with these “good words” we “bless” God. Mulungu. Awa ndi mawu a mawu, amaganiza These are words of vocabulary, of thinking zaumulungu. Madalitso sikumverera, koma divine viewpoint.Blessing is not a feeling, but kulingalira moyenera pogwiritsa ntchito objective thinking based on divine viewpoint, a malingaliro aumulungu, maziko a Buku Frame of Reference built by knowledge of Lopangidwa ndi chidziwitso cha chiphunzitso. doctrine. Ndikumangiriza ife timapanga luso loganiza za With edification we build the ability to think Mulungu, zomwe zimatithandiza kulandira ndi about God, which enables us to receive and kusangalala ndi madalitso ndi kukhala dalitso enjoy blessing and to be a blessing to others. kwa ena. Aheberi 6:7 Hebrews 6:7 "Pakuti dziko lapansi limene limamwa mvula "For the earth which drinks in the rain that often imene imadza pa nthawiyo, ndipo limatulutsa comes upon it, and brings forth herbs for them zitsamba za iwo amene adavekedwa, limalandira by whom it is dressed, receives blessing from madalitso ochokera kwa Mulungu" God" Uthenga wofunikira kwambiri ndikulankhula The most basic form of evangelism is to talk za madalitso a Mulungu omwe alipo kwa about God's blessing which are available to aliyense, opulumutsidwa kapena ayi everyone, saved or not KUYAMBA:kuchokera ku Machitidwe 14:8-18, HOMEWORK:from Acts 14:8-18, determine onetsetsani mmene Paulo ndi Barnaba how Paul and Barnabas used the concept of anagwiritsira ntchito mdalitso wolalikira blessing to evangelize people who were anthu omwe sanamudziwe Mulungu. completely ignorant of God. Lingaliro la nyimbo Wowonetsera Madalitso The idea for the hymn Showers of Blessing was linatengedwa, ndi zolinga zabwino, kuchokera taken, with good intentions, from Eze. 34:24 ff. ku Eze. 34:24 ff. [ WERENGANI Eze. 34:24 [READ Eze. 34:24 to 31] mpaka 31 ] Awa ndi mavesi opambana a lonjezo ndi These are tremendous verses of promise and madalitso ochokera m'dzanja la Ambuye. blessing from the hand of the Lord. There is no Palibe chopembedzedwa pano, palibe pleading here no wishful thinking, the madandaulo, madalitso apatsidwa kale, kaya blessings are already given to us, either now or tsopano kapena m'tsogolo pamene maulosi in the future when prophecies are fulfilled. akwaniritsidwa. Tiyenera kuchonderera kuti tipeze madontho a We should plead to be made into showers of madalitso, kapena kuti, mvula yambiri blessing, or rather, showers of (eulogeitos), (eulogeitos), mvula yowonjezera, mvula showers of benedicere, showers of bendición, yamvula, mvula yowonjezera, "mvula". showers of “benediction”, showers of “good speaking”. Phunzirani Aefeso 4:29 ff pa lingaliro la mawu Study Ephesians 4:29 ff on the concept of omwe atumiki amatenga. speech that ministers grace.

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Onaninso Aefeso 5, "Osapusa ... koma See also, Ephesians 5, “neither foolishness ... makamaka kuyamika" but rather giving of thanks" 1 Petro 3:9 1 Peter 3:9 Osabwezera choyipitsa choipa kapena chonyansa not returning evil for evil or reviling for reviling, chifukwa cha kunyoza, koma mosiyana ndi but on the contrary blessing, knowing that you dalitso, podziwa kuti inu mwaitanidwira ichi, kuti were called to this, that you may inherit a mulandire madalitso. blessing. Nchifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kukhala Why should we not be generous?We have an owolowa manja? Tili ndi cholowa chochuluka enormous inheritance from our heavenly chochokera kwa Atate wathu wakumwamba, Father, enough to share with others. zokwanira kugawana ndi ena. Yakobo 3:10 James 3:10 Kuchokera pakamwa komweko kumapitiriza Out of the same mouth proceed blessing and kudalitsa ndi kutemberera. Abale anga, zinthu izi cursing. My brethren, these things ought not to siziyenera kukhala choncho. be so. Joh 7:38 John 7:38 Iye wokhulupirira Ine, monga adanena Lemba, He who believes in Me, as the Scripture has said, m'mitsinje yamadzi amoyo idzatuluka mumtima out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.” mwake. " Tiyenera kukhala akasupe a madalitso. We are to be fountains of blessing. Mateyu 25:34 Matthew 25:34 Pamenepo Mfumu idzanena kwa iwo akudzanja Then the King will say to those on His right hand, Lake lamanja, Idzani, odalitsika a Atate wanga, ‘Come, you blessed of My Father, inherit the landirani ufumu wokonzedwera inu kuyambira kingdom prepared for you from the foundation chikhazikitso cha dziko lapansi. of the world: Danieli 4:33, 34 Daniel 4:33, 34 33 Nthawi yomweyo mawuwo anakwaniritsidwa 33 That very hour the word was fulfilled pa Nebukadinezara; adathamangitsidwa kwa concerning Nebuchadnezzar; he was driven from anthu, nadya udzu ngati ng'ombe; Thupi lake men and ate grass like oxen; his body was wet linanyowetsedwa ndi mame akumwamba mpaka with the dew of heaven till his hair had grown tsitsi lake linakulira ngati nthenga za mphungu like eagles’ feathers and his nails like birds’ claws. ndi misomali yake ngati zida za mbalame. 34 And at the end of the time I, Nebuchadnezzar, 34 Ndipo potsiriza nthawi, ine Nebukadinezara, lifted my eyes to heaven, and my understanding ndinakweza maso anga kumwamba, ndipo luntha returned to me; and I blessed the Most High and langa linabwerera kwa ine; ndipo ndinadalitsa praised and honored Him who lives forever: Wam'mwambamwamba, ndikumlemekeza Iye wakukhala kosatha; WERENGANI Mateyu 6:25-34 READ Matthew 6:25-34 Yoswa 1:7,8 Joshua 1:7,8 Koma khalani amphamvu, ndipo mulimbika Only be strong and very courageous, that you kwambiri, kuti muzisunga kuchita monga mwa may observe to do according to all the law which lamulo lonse limene Mose mtumiki wanga Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn anakulamulirani; musatembenuke kuchoka ku from it to the right hand or to the left, that you

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dzanja lamanja kapena kulamanzere, kuti may prosper wherever you go. mupindule kulikonse kumene mupita. 8 This Book of the Law shall not depart from your 8 Bukhu ili la Chilamulo lisachoke pakamwa pako, mouth, but you shall meditate in it day and night, koma uzisinkhasinkha usana ndi usiku, kuti that you may observe to do according to all that usunge kuchita monga mwa zonse zolembedwa is written in it. For then you will make your way mmenemo. Pomwepo udzakhala wopambana, prosperous, and then you will have good success. ndipo udzakhala wopambana. Aefeso 1:3 (kutembenuzidwa kwina) Ephesians 1:3(expanded translation) "Choyenera kutamandidwa ndi kulemekezedwa "Worthy of praise and glorification is the God ndi Mulungu ndi Atate wa Ambuye wathu Yesu and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the one who Khristu, amene adatipatsa ife madalitso ndi has provided us benefits and every spiritual madalitso onse auzimu kumwamba mwa blessing in the heavenlies in Christ:” Khristu:"

CHOKONZEDWERATU - PREDESTINATION Mawu akuti "kukonzedweratu" The word "predestination" means "to appoint, amatanthawuza "kusankha, kudziwitsa, to determine, or to design beforehand". kapena kukonza kale". Atate, kupyolera mu chiwonetsero changwiro The Father, through perfect expression of His cha kuganiza Kwake, anakonzeratu dongosolo thinking, predesigned His perfect plan in Lake langwiro mwa Khristu. Christ. Aefeso 1:9 Ephesians 1:9 atatidziwitsa ife chinsinsi cha chifuniro Chake, having made known to us the mystery of His will, monga mwa kukondweretsedwa Kwake komwe according to His good pleasure which He Iye adakonza mwa Iyemwini, purposed in Himself, 1 Petro 1:2,20 1 Peter 1:2,20 2 osankhidwa molingana ndi kudziwiratu kwa 2 elect according to the foreknowledge of God Mulungu Atate, mu kuyeretsedwa kwa Mzimu, the Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, for chifukwa cha kumvera ndi kukonkha mwazi wa obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Yesu Khristu: Christ: 20 Iye anakonzedweratu asanaikidwe maziko a 20 He indeed was foreordained before the dziko, koma adawonetseredwa m'masiku otsiriza foundation of the world, but was manifest in awa kwa inu these last times for you 2 Timoteo 1:9 2 Timothy 1:9 Amene adatipulumutsa ife, natiitana ife ndi who has saved us and called us with a holy kuyitana koyera, osati monga mwa ntchito zathu, calling, not according to our works, but according koma monga mwa chifuniro chake, ndi chisomo to His own purpose and grace which was given to chimene chidapatsidwa mwa Khristu Yesu, us in Christ Jesus before time began, Kupyolera kukonzedweratu, okhulupirira ali Through Predestination, believers are otsimikizika kukhala ana (Aefeso 1:5) ndi guaranteed sonship (Eph. 1:5) and heirship cholowa (Aefeso 1:11). (Eph. 1:11). Chiphunzitso cha Predestination The doctrine of Predestination deals only with chimangokhala ndi Akhristu okha. Palibe Christians.There is no such thing as an

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chinthu chotero ngati munthu wosakhulupirira unbeliever being predestined to go to hell.The wokonzedweratu kupita ku gehena. Akristu Christians makes a conscious decision to amapanga chisankho chotsatira kuti atsatire follow the plan of God.The unbeliever makes a ndondomeko ya Mulungu. Osakhulupirira conscious decision to reject the plan of amapanga chisankho chotsutsa ndondomeko God.John 3:18; 3:36.If any person accepts ya Mulungu. Yohane 3:18; 3:36. Ngati munthu Christ as Savior, he will be saved. aliyense avomereza Khristu ngati Mpulumutsi, adzapulumutsidwa. Lingaliro la Baibulo la Predestination The Biblical concept of Predestination does not silikutsutsana ndi kufuna kwaumunthu, koma conflict with human volition, but emphasizes likungotsimikizira izo. it. Cholinga cha Kukonzedweratu ndikulumikiza The purpose of Predestination is to relate the wokhulupirira ku dongosolo la Mulungu believer to the Plan of God through Positional kupyolera mu Chowonadi Chokhazikika. Truth. Aefeso 1:4,5 Ephesians 1:4,5 4 Monga adasankhira ife mwa Iye asanaikidwe 4 just as He chose us in Him before the maziko a dziko lapansi, kuti tikhale oyera ndi foundation of the world, that we should be holy opanda chilema pamaso pa Iye mwa chikondi, and without blame before Him in love, 5 atatikonzeratu ife kuti tikhale ana a Yesu 5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Khristu kwa Iye, chisangalalo cha chifuniro Chake, Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will, Zimadalira kudziwiratu kwa Mulungu. It is based on the foreknowledge of God. Aroma 8:29 Romans 8:29 Pakuti amene adadziwiratu, adaneneratu kuti For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to adzafanizidwe ndi chifaniziro cha Mwana wake, be conformed to the image of His Son, that He kuti Iye akhale woyamba kubadwa mwa abale might be the firstborn among many brethren. ambiri. Ndichiwonetsero cha chikondi cha Mulungu It is an expression of God's love for those who kwa iwo omwe ali ogwirizana ndi Khristu. are in union with Christ.Predestination was a Chokonzedweratu chinali chisankho ulamuliro sovereign decision on the part of God the onse pa gawo la Mulungu Atate. Father. Aefeso 1:5,11 Ephesians 1:5,11 5 Adatikonzeratu ife kuti tikhale ana a Yesu 5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Khristu monga ana ake, monga mwa Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good kukondweretsa kwa chifuniro chake. pleasure of His will, 11 Mwa Iye tidalandira cholowa, 11 In Him also we have obtained an inheritance, pokonzedweratu monga mwa chifuniro cha Iye being predestined according to the purpose of wakuchita zonse zinthu molingana ndi uphungu Him who works all things according to the wa chifuniro Chake, counsel of His will, Yesu Khristu ali ndi tsogolo. Tikalowa mu Jesus Christ has a destiny.When we enter into mgwirizano ndi Khristu pa nthawi ya union with Christ at the time of salvation, we chipulumutso, timagawana naye. share in that destiny. Pali mau asanu achigriki omwe There are five Greek words used to amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera communicate the Biblical doctrine of

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chiphunzitso cha m'Baibulo cha Predestination.Without a knowledge of these Predestination. Popanda kudziwa mawu awa words and the categories of truth they ndi magulu a choonadi omwe amaimira, palibe represent, no one can draw inferences or amene angatenge zolemba kapena zaumulungu theological conclusions about what is being zokhudzana ndi zomwe zikuphunzitsidwa taught in the Bible on the subject. m'Baibulo pa nkhaniyo. ( prooridzw ) - mneni, "kuti predesign; kuti προοριδζο (prooridzw) -verb, "to predesign; anakonzeratu". to predetermine". Aroma 8:29 Romans 8:29 Pakuti amene adadziwiratu, adaneneratu kuti For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to adzafanizidwe ndi chifaniziro cha Mwana wake, be conformed to the image of His Son, that He kuti Iye akhale woyamba kubadwa mwa abale might be the firstborn among many brethren. ambiri. Aefeso 1:5,11 Ephesians 1:5,11 5 Adatikonzeratu ife kuti tikhale ana a Yesu 5 having predestined us to adoption as sons by Khristu monga ana ake, monga mwa Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good kukondweretsa kwa chifuniro chake. pleasure of His will, 11 Mwa Iye tidalandira cholowa, 11 In Him also we have obtained an inheritance, pokonzedweratu monga mwa chifuniro cha Iye being predestined according to the purpose of wakuchita zonse zinthu molingana ndi uphungu Him who works all things according to the wa chifuniro Chake, counsel of His will, ( protithemi ) - mneni, "kuti anakonzeratu". προτιτηεµι (protithemi)- verb, "to predetermine". Aroma 3:25 Amene Mulungu adamuyika Romans 3:25 kukhala chiyanjanitso ndi mwazi wake, mwa whom God set forth as a propitiation by His chikhulupiriro, kuti asonyeze chilungamo chake, blood, through faith, to demonstrate His chifukwa mwa chipiliro chake Mulungu adadutsa righteousness, because in His forbearance God pa machimo omwe adachitapo kale, had passed over the sins that were previously committed, Aefeso 1:9 Ephesians 1:9 atatidziwitsa ife chinsinsi cha chifuniro Chake, having made known to us the mystery of His will, monga mwa kukondweretsedwa Kwake komwe according to His good pleasure which He Iye adakonza mwa Iyemwini, purposed in Himself, ( prothesis ) - nauni, "ndondomeko προτηεσισ (prothesis)- noun, "a anakonzeratu". Nkhani ya Aefeso ndi predetermined plan".The subject of Ephesians dongosolo ( prothesis ) la Mulungu. is the plan (prothesis) of God. Aroma 8:28 Romans 8:28 Ndipo tidziwa kuti zinthu zonse zimagwirira And we know that all things work together for ntchito pamodzi kwa iwo okonda Mulungu, kwa good to those who love God, to those who are iwo omwe aitanidwa monga mwa chifuniro the called according to His purpose. chake. Aroma 9:11 Romans 9:11 (kwa ana osanabadwe, kapena asanachite (for the children not yet being born, nor having

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chabwino kapena choipa, kuti cholinga cha done any good or evil, that the purpose of God Mulungu monga mwa kusankha chisayime, osati according to election might stand, not of works mwa ntchito koma kwa Iye amene akuitana), but of Him who calls), Aefeso 1:11 Ephesians 1:11 Mwa Iye ifenso tidalandira cholowa, In Him also we have obtained an inheritance, pokonzedweratu monga mwa cholinga cha Iye being predestined according to the purpose of amene amachita zonse monga mwa uphungu wa Him who works all things according to the chifuniro Chake, counsel of His will, Aefeso 3:11 Ephesians 3:11 molingana ndi cholinga chosatha chimene Iye according to the eternal purpose which He anachichita mwa Khristu Yesu Ambuye wathu, accomplished in Christ Jesus our Lord, 2 Timoteo 1:9 2 Timothy 1:9 Amene adatipulumutsa ife, natiitana ife ndi who has saved us and called us with a holy kuyitana koyera, osati monga mwa ntchito zathu, calling, not according to our works, but according koma monga mwa chifuniro chake, ndi chisomo to His own purpose and grace which was given to chimene chidapatsidwa mwa Khristu Yesu, us in Christ Jesus before time began, Mulungu sagwedezeka. Iye wakumana kale ndi God is never caught napping.He has already vuto lililonse ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka. met every contingency with a predetermined Tikamafuula "Thandizo!" kwa Mulungu, Iye plan of action.When we yell "Help!" to God, He samasowa kuganiza njira yina kuti atithandize. doesn't have to try to think up some way to Iye wapereka kale zonse zomwe tikusowa. help us.He has already provided everything we Zomwe tikuyenera kuchita ndi kuphunzira need.All we have to do is learn about what God zomwe Mulungu wapereka komanso momwe has provided and how to take advantage of it. tingagwiritsire ntchito. ( proginoskw ) - mneni, "kuti kulinganiziratu". προγινοσκω (proginoskw) - verb, "to foreordain". 1 Petro 1:20 1 Peter 1:20 Iye ndithudi anakonzedweratu maziko a dziko He indeed was foreordained before the asanayambe, koma adawonetseredwa mu foundation of the world, but was manifest in nthawi zotsiriza za inu these last times for you Aroma 8:29 Romans 8:29 Pakuti amene adadziwiratu, adaneneratu kuti For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to adzafanizidwe ndi chifaniziro cha Mwana wake, be conformed to the image of His Son, that He kuti Iye akhale woyamba kubadwa mwa abale might be the firstborn among many brethren. ambiri. Aroma 11:2 Romans 11:2 Mulungu sadataya anthu Ake omwe God has not cast away His people whom He adadziwiratu. Kapena simukudziwa chomwe foreknew. Or do you not know what the Lemba likunena za Eliya, momwe akuchonderera Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God Mulungu motsutsana ndi Israeli, kuti, against Israel, saying, ( madokotala ananena zawo ) - nauni, προγνωσις (prognosis)- noun, "kudziwiratu; anakonzeratu cholinga". "foreknowledge; a predetermined purpose". Machitidwe 2:23 Acts 2:23

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Iye, populumutsidwa ndi cholinga chodziwika ndi Him, being delivered by the determined purpose kudziwiratu kwa Mulungu, mudatenga manja and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by osayeruzika, napachika ndi kupha; lawless hands, have crucified, and put to death; 1 Petro 1:2 1 Peter 1:2 amasankhidwa molingana ndi kudziwiratu kwa elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Mulungu Atate, mu kuyeretsedwa kwa Mzimu, Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, for kwa kumvera ndi kukonkha kwa mwazi wa Yesu obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Khristu: Christ: Kupachikidwa kwa Khristu kumagwirizana ndi The crucifixion of Christ is related to the lamulo laumulungu ndi cholinga Divine Decrees and the predetermined chokonzedweratu cha Mulungu. purpose of God. Machitidwe 2:23 Acts 2:23 Iye, populumutsidwa ndi cholinga chodziwika ndi Him, being delivered by the determined purpose kudziwiratu kwa Mulungu, mudatenga manja and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by osayeruzika, napachika ndi kupha; lawless hands, have crucified, and put to death; Machitidwe 4:28 Acts 4:28 kuti muchite chirichonse chimene dzanja Lanu to do whatever Your hand and Your purpose ndi cholinga chanu chinatsimikiziridwa kale kuti determined before to be done. chichitike. 1 Petro 2:4-6 1 Peter 2:4-6 4 Kubwera kwa Iye ngati mwala wamoyo, 4 Coming to Him as to a living stone, rejected wokanidwa ndithu ndi anthu, koma indeed by men, but chosen by God and precious, wosankhidwa ndi Mulungu ndi wamtengo 5 you also, as living stones, are being built up a wapatali, spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer up 5 inunso, ngati miyala yamoyo, spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through mukukumangidwanso nyumba ya uzimu, Jesus Christ. unsembe wopatulika, perekani nsembe zauzimu 6 Therefore it is also contained in the Scripture, zovomerezeka kwa Mulungu kudzera mwa Yesu “Behold, I lay in Zion A chief cornerstone, elect, Khristu. precious, And he who believes on Him will by no 6 Chifukwa chake lilinso m'Malemba, "Tawonani, means be put to shame.” ndiyika m'Ziyoni mwala wapangodya wamtengo wapatali, wosankhidwa, wamtengo wapatali; ndipo wokhulupirira Iye sadzachititsidwa manyazi." Kuvutika kwa okhulupirira onse All believers' suffering is related to the kukugwirizana ndi dongosolo la Mulungu. predetermined plan of God.In eternity past, Muyaya kale, Mulungu adalingalira za ife ndi God thought about us and predesigned kukhazikitsiratu thandizo kwa ife nthawi provisions for us for both time and eternity. zonse ndi muyaya. Aroma 8:28,29 Romans 8:28,29 28 Ndipo tidziwa kuti zinthu zonse zimagwirira 28 And we know that all things work together for ntchito limodzi kwa iwo okonda Mulungu, kwa good to those who love God, to those who are iwo omwe aitanidwa molingana ndi cholinga the called according to His purpose. chake. 29 For whom He foreknew, He also predestined

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29 Pakuti iye amene adadziwiratu, adaneneratu to be conformed to the image of His Son, that He kuti adzafanizidwe ndi chifanizo cha Mwana might be the firstborn among many brethren. wake, kuti Iye akhale woyamba kubadwa mwa abale ambiri. Mulungu Atate adakonzeratu chidziwitso cha God the Father predetermined the Grace Chisomo cha Chikhulupiliro. concept of Propitiation. Aroma 3:25 Amene Mulungu adamuyika Romans 3:25 kukhala chiyanjanitso ndi mwazi wake, mwa whom God set forth as a propitiation by His chikhulupiriro, kuti asonyeze chilungamo chake, blood, through faith, to demonstrate His chifukwa mwa chipiliro chake Mulungu adadutsa righteousness, because in His forbearance God pa machimo omwe adachitapo kale, had passed over the sins that were previously committed, Kukonzedweratu kumatanthawuza cholinga Predestination defines God's ultimate purpose chachikulu cha Mulungu kwa wokhulupirira - for the believer - that we should be like the kuti tiyenera kukhala monga Ambuye Yesu Lord Jesus Christ in His humanity, Romans Khristu mu umunthu wake, Aroma 8:29. 8:29. Izi zimatchedwa ulemerero. This is called glorification. Aroma 8:30 Romans 8:30 Ndipo amene adamuwombozeratu, Iye Moreover whom He predestined, these He also adawayitana; amene Iye adawayitana, iwowa called; whom He called, these He also justified; adawalungamitsa; ndipo amene Iye and whom He justified, these He also glorified. adawalungamitsa, awa adawalemekeza. Myuda wobadwa kachiwiri ndi gawo la The born-again Jew is part of the preordained dongosolo lokonzedweratu la Mulungu pansi plan of God under the unconditional covenant pa panganolopanda malire ndi Israeli. to Israel.Therefore, the Jew of the Old Chifukwa chake, Myuda wa Chipangano Testament is not a castaway. Chakale sali wotsika. Aroma 11:2 Romans 11:2 Mulungu sadataya anthu Ake omwe God has not cast away His people whom He adadziwiratu. . . . foreknew. . . . Pali mgwirizano weniweni pakati pa There is a definite relationship between kukhazikitsidwiratu ndi chitetezo chamuyaya. Predestination and Eternal Chokonzedweratu chimapereka maziko a Security.Predestination provides the basis for Chitetezo Chamuyaya. Eternal Security.

UMULUNGU - GODLINESS Izi ndi phunziro la mawu achigriki (eusebeia), This is a study of the Greek word (eusebeia), ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu Chipangano used in the New Testament to express the idea Chatsopano kufotokoza lingaliro la umulungu of inner piety, spiritual maturity, or wamkati, kukula kwauzimu, kapena umulungu. godliness.In TITUS 1:1, the Apostle Paul states Mu TITO 1:1, Mtumwi Paulo akunena kuti ndi that he is an apostle of Jesus Christ according Mtumwi wa Yesu Khristu molingana ndi to the criterion of the faith of the chosen chikhulupiliro cha anthu osankhidwa a people of God who have a full and applied Mulungu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira knowledge of the truth which is the standard

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cha choonadi chomwe chiri chikhalidwe for godliness. chaumulungu. Mawu (eusebeia) ali ndi mbiri yosangalatsa. The word (eusebeia) has an interesting Anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wolemba history.It was first used by the Greek poet, ndakatulo wachi Greek, Homer, pafupifupi Homer, in about 1000 BC.From Homer the 1000 BC. Kuchokera kwa Homer mawuwa word came into use in the classical Greek of anagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Greek ya Atene Athens (Attic Greek) where it referred to (Attic Greek) kumene kunkatanthawuza personal piety in the fulfillment of human kudzipereka kwaumwini pokwaniritsa relationships.It was also used to describe a maubwenzi a anthu. Anagwiritsidwanso person who was faithful in fulfilling his duties ntchito kutanthauzira munthu amene anali to whatever Greek gods dominated the city in wokhulupirika pokwaniritsa ntchito zake ku which he lived.The Attic Greek word always milungu yonse yachigiriki yomwe inali referred to the outward expression of piety, kulamulira mumzinda umene adakhalamo. such as the giving of gifts to the god, Liwu la Attic lachigiriki nthawi zonse participation in sacrifices and worship, or limatanthauzira kuwonetsera kwa kunja making a show of religion in public. kwaumulungu, monga kupatsa mphatso kwa mulungu, kutenga nawo mbali pa nsembe ndi kupembedza, kapena kupanga chiwonetsero cha chipembedzo poyera. Pamene mau (eusebeia) anayamba As the word (eusebeia) began to be used in the kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'Chi Greek, koine Greek, it came to mean “inner piety”, or amatanthawuza "kudzipereka mkati", kapena spirituality, a duty which the believer owes to uzimu, ntchito yomwe wokhulupirira ayenera God in the inner man.The principle in the Titus kulipira Mulungu mkati mwake. Mfundo context is that of the control or filling of the yopezeka mu Tito ndi iyi ya kulamulira kapena Holy Spirit which produces qualities of kudzazidwa kwa Mzimu Woyera umene conformity to Christ. umabala makhalidwe ofanana ndi Khristu. Mavesi otsatirawa ali ndi mawu (eusebeia), The following scripture passages contain the omwe amamasuliridwa kuti "umulungu" (mu word (eusebeia), invariably translated KJV). Werengani mavesiwa pamodzi ndi “godliness” (in the KJV).Read these verses maonekedwe awo musanapitilize gawo along with their contexts before continuing in lotsatira. the next section. Macitidwe 3:12 Acts 3:12 Ndipo pamene Petro adawona, adayankha kwa So when Peter saw it, he responded to the anthu, nati, Amuna inu a Israyeli, mukudabwa people:“Men of Israel, why do you marvel at bwanji izi? Kapena bwanji tiyang'ane mwatcheru this? Or why look so intently at us, as though by kwa ife, ngati kuti ndi mphamvu zathu kapena our own power or godliness we had made this umulungu wathu tinamupangitsa munthuyo man walk? kuyenda? 1 Timoteo 2:2 1 Timothy 2:2 kwa mafumu ndi onse omwe ali ndi ulamuliro, for kings and all who are in authority, that we kuti tikhoze kukhala moyo wamtendere ndi may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all wamtendere mu umulungu wonse ndi ulemu. godliness and reverence. 1 Timoteo 3:16 1 Timothy 3:16 Ndipo popanda chitsimikizo chinsinsi chachikulu And without controversy great is the mystery of

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cha umulungu ndi chachikulu:Mulungu godliness:God was manifested in the flesh, adawonetseredwa m'thupi, wolungamitsidwa ndi Justified in the Spirit, Seen by angels, Preached Mzimu, Wowonedwa ndi angelo, Adalengezedwa among the Gentiles, Believed on in the world, pakati pa amitundu, Adakhulupirira padziko Received up in glory. lapansi, Analandiridwa mu ulemerero. 1 Timoteo 4:7,8 1 Timothy 4:7,8 7 Koma pewani nthano zachabechabe ndi akazi 7 But reject profane and old wives’ fables, and achikulire, ndipo dziyeseni nokha pa umulungu. exercise yourself toward godliness. 8 Pakuti kupindula thupi kulipindulitsa pang'ono, 8 For bodily exercise profits a little, but godliness koma umulungu uli wopindulitsa pa zinthu zonse, is profitable for all things, having promise of the pokhala nalo lonjezano la moyo umene ulipo life that now is and of that which is to come. tsopano ndi wa umene ukubwerawo. 1 Timoteo 6:3,5,6,11 1 Timothy 6:3,5,6,11 3 Ngati wina aphunzitsa mosiyana, osalola mau 3 If anyone teaches otherwise and does not abwino, ngakhale mawu a Ambuye wathu Yesu consent to wholesome words, even the words of Khristu, ndi chiphunzitso chogwirizana ndi our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which umulungu, accords with godliness, kusagwirizana kopanda pake kwa anthu oganiza 5 useless wranglings of men of corrupt minds and bwino ndi osowa chowonadi, amene amaganiza destitute of the truth, who suppose that kuti umulungu ndi njira yopindula. Kuchokera godliness is a means of gain. From such withdraw kwa otereku tidzipatula nokha. yourself. 6 Tsopano umulungu ndi kukhutira ndi phindu 6 Now godliness with contentment is great gain. lalikulu. 11 But you, O man of God, flee these things and 11 Koma iwe, munthu wa Mulungu, thawa zinthu pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, izi, utsate chilungamo, umulungu, chikhulupiriro, patience, gentleness. chikondi, chipiliro, chifatso. 2 Timoteo 3:5 2 Timothy 3:5 okhala ndi mawonekedwe aumulungu koma having a form of godliness but denying its power. kukana mphamvu yake. Ndipo kwa anthu And from such people turn away! oterowo patukani! 2 Petro 1:3,6,7 2 Peter 1:3,6,7 3 monga mphamvu yake yaumulungu yatipatsa 3 as His divine power has given to us all things ife zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi moyo ndi that pertain to life and godliness, through the umulungu, kupyolera mu chidziwitso cha Iye knowledge of Him who called us by glory and amene adatiitana ife ndi ulemerero ndi ukoma, virtue, 6 kudziwa kudziletsa, kupirira chipiriro, kupirira 6 to knowledge self-control, to self-control chipiriro chaumulungu, perseverance, to perseverance godliness, 7 kuumulungu kukoma mtima kwa abale, ndi 7 to godliness brotherly kindness, and to chikondi cha pa abale chikondi. brotherly kindness love. 2 Petro 3:11 2 Peter3:11 Pakuti mutero udzalowetsedwa kwa inu mu for so an entrance will be supplied to you Ufumu wosatha wa Ambuye wathu ndi abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Mpulumutsi Yesu Khristu. Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

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Mfundo za eusebeia Principles of eusebeia A true man of God has qualities of inner piety - A true man of God has qualities of inner piety - the characteristics of a spiritually mature the characteristics of a spiritually mature person. This is not a phony façade put on to person.This is not a phony façade put on to please or impress people. The source of this please or impress people.The source of this godliness is the Word of God. The godly person godliness is the Word of God.The godly person has not only learned doctrine academically, but has not only learned doctrine academically, but he has also seen that word applied to his life in he has also seen that word applied to his life in edification over a period of years. edification over a period of years. Spirituality is an absolute quality, depending Spirituality is an absolute quality, depending on a believer's walk with the Lord, and on a believer’s walk with the Lord, and particularly on his maintaining his fellowship particularly on his maintaining his fellowship with the Lord through confession. But none of with the Lord through confession.But none of this is visible. this is visible. Kotero-inu mungadziwe bwanji pamene uzimu So - how can you tell when true spirituality and weniweni ndi kukhwima ziripo? Kapena, maturity are present?Or, how do you know the mungadziwe bwanji kusiyana pakati pa difference between a godly man and one who munthu waumulungu ndi munthu yemwe ali is merely well educated and in control of wophunzitsidwa bwino komanso wodziletsa? himself?A carnal believer, the novice Christian, Wokhulupirira wachithupithupi, Mkhristu can be moral, can use the right vocabulary, can wachikhristu, akhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe wear a suit and carry a Bible.He can fool some abwino, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mawu of the people some of the time. abwino, akhoza kuvala suti ndi kunyamula Baibulo. Iye akhoza kupusitsa ena mwa anthu nthawi zina. Koma okhulupirira amulungu amadziwika ndi But the godly believer is known by “his fruits” - "zipatso zake" - chipatso cha Mzimu Woyera - the fruit of the Holy Spirit - things that an zinthu zomwe wosakhulupirira, kapena unbeliever, or the carnal believer, cannot wokhulupirira waumunthu, sangathe produce.Godliness is produced in the life of a kubereka. Umulungu umapangidwa m'moyo Christian who is both learning doctrine and wa Mkhristu amene amaphunzira chiphunzitso growing thereby through edification. komanso akukula mwakumangiriza. Agalatiya 5:19-21 Galatians 5:19-21 19 Tsopano ntchito za thupi ziwonekera, zomwe 19 Now the works of the flesh are evident, which ziri:chigololo, dama, chonyansa, chiwerewere, are:adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, 20 kupembedza mafano, matsenga, chidani, 20 idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, mikangano, nsanje, kukwiya kwa mkwiyo, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, zilakolako zadyera, magawano, mipatuko, dissensions, heresies, Nsanje, kupha, kuledzera, miyambo 21 envy, murders, drunkenness, revelries, and yokondwerera, ndi zina zotero; zomwe the like; of which I tell you beforehand, just as I ndikukuuzani kale, monga ndinakuuzani kale, kuti also told you in time past, that those who iwo akuchita zinthu zotere sadzalowa Ufumu wa practice such things will not inherit the kingdom Mulungu. of God. Ntchito za thupi ndizodziwika bwino. Iwo ndi The works of the flesh are obvious

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chida cha moyo wamkati womwe enough.They are the product of an inner life umalamulidwa ndi chikhalidwe chauchimo, controlled by the sin nature, by the trends and ndi zochitika ndi zikhumbo za moyo. Ndipo lusts of the soul.And as a Christian grows in monga Mkhristu akukula mwa Khristu, Christ, he gains victory over areas of amapeza kupambana pa malo ofooka. Njira weakness.The Christian Way of Life is Yachikhristu ya Moyo imadziwika ndi kuchotsa characterized by the putting away of negatives, zoipa, tchimo limene limagwira mosavuta, the sin that so easily besets, and by putting on komanso kuvala munthu watsopano. the new man. Agalatiya 5:22-26 Galatians 5:22-26 22 Koma chipatso cha Mzimu ndicho chikondi, 22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, chimwemwe, mtendere, kuleza mtima, kukoma longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, mtima, ubwino, kukhulupirika, 23 gentleness, self-control. Against such there is 23 kufatsa, kudziletsa. Kulimbana ndi zimenezi no law. palibe lamulo. 24 And those who are Christ’s have crucified the 24 Ndipo iwo a Khristu adampachika thupi ndi flesh with its passions and desires. zilakolako zake ndi zilakolako zake. 25 If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Ngati tikhala mwa Mzimu, tiyeni tiyende ndi Spirit. Mzimu. 26 Let us not become conceited, provoking one 26 Tisakhale odzikuza, okondana wina ndi another, envying one another. mnzake, ndikuchitirana nsanje. Aefeso 4:17-25 Ephesians 4:17-25 17 Chifukwa chake ndinena, ndikuchitira umboni 17 This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, mwa Ambuye, kuti musayendeyenso monga that you should no longer walk as the rest of the amitundu onse akuyenda, Gentiles walk, in the futility of their mind, muchabechabechabechabechabechabe; moyo 18 having their understanding darkened, being wa Mulungu, chifukwa cha kusadziwa komwe alienated from the life of God, because of the kuli mwa iwo, chifukwa cha khungu la mtima ignorance that is in them, because of the wawo; blindness of their heart; 19 Amene, pokhala odzimva kale, adzipereka 19 who, being past feeling, have given okha ku chiwerewere, kuchita zonyansa zonse themselves over to lewdness, to work all ndi umbombo. uncleanness with greediness. 20 Koma inu simunamudziwe Khristu, 20 But you have not so learned Christ, 21 ngati mwamumva Iye, ndipo 21 if indeed you have heard Him and have been mwaphunzitsidwa ndi Iye, monga taught by Him, as the truth is in Jesus: mwachowonadi mwa Yesu: 22 that you put off, concerning your former 22 Kuti mulekanitse za khalidwe lanu lakale, conduct, the old man which grows corrupt munthu wokalamba amene achita zoipa monga according to the deceitful lusts, mwa zilakolako zonyenga, 23 and be renewed in the spirit of your mind, 23 ndipo mukhale atsopano mu mzimu wa 24 and that you put on the new man which was malingaliro anu, created according to God, in true righteousness 24 Ndipo kuti muveke munthu watsopano and holiness. amene adalengedwa monga mwa Mulungu, 25 Therefore, putting away lying, “Let each one m'chilungamo chowonadi ndi chiyero. of you speak truth with his neighbor,” for we are 25 Potero, kuchotsa bodza, "Yense wa inu members of one another. alankhule zoona ndi mnzako," pakuti ndife mamembala a wina ndi mnzake.

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Munthu watsopano samangokhala mwa Mzimu The new man not only lives in the Spirit (not (wosaoneka), koma amayendanso mu Mzimu visible), but he also walks in the Spirit (kuwonekera). Imodzi mwa nkhani zazikulu za (visible).One of the great themes of the Epistle kalata kwa Tito ndizo zakunja, zomwe to Titus is that of the outward walk, which is a ndizowonetsera kwa dziko kuti moyo wamkati demonstration to the world that the inner life womwe umatchulidwa ndi wowona. Zitsanzo which is claimed is genuine.Three illustrations zitatu zimaperekedwa mu Tito 2. are given in Titus 2. 1. Mu Tito 2:4,5 , atsikana ayenera 1. In Titus 2:4,5, young women are to be kuphunzitsidwa momwe angatsogolere moyo taught how to lead godly lives so that “the waumulungu kuti "Mau a Mulungu Word of God be not blasphemed.”We have a asachitsidwe mwano." Tili ndi udindo responsibility for public opinion about the wokhudzana ndi Mau a Mulungu. Word of God. 2. Mu Tito 2:7,8 , Tito mwiniwake akuuzidwa 2. In Titus 2:7,8, Titus himself is told to show kuti adziwonetse yekha "chitsanzo cha ntchito himself a “pattern of good works” and to have zabwino" ndi kukhala ndi "mawu abwino “sound speech that cannot be condemned” in omwe sangaweruzidwe" kuti asapereke order not to supply detractors with otsutsa ndi zida chifukwa cha kutsutsa kwawo. ammunition for their criticisms. 3. Ndipo mu Tito 2:9,10 , atumiki ayenera 3. And in Titus 2:9,10, servants are to kukhalabe oopa Mulungu mu ubale wawo ndi maintain godly lives in their relations to their ambuye awo kuti "akakometse chiphunzitso masters in order that they might “adorn the cha Mulungu Mpulumutsi wathu m'zinthu doctrine of God our Savior in all things.”We are zonse." Tiyenera kukhala "zokongoletsa" kuti to live as “decorations” to the doctrine of God. chiphunzitso cha Mulungu. Kalata yonse yopita kwa Tito ndi buku The whole letter to Titus is an inspired louziridwa lomwe, mwa zina, limapereka document which, among other things, provides mafanizo ambiri (machaputala 1 ndi 2) a many illustrations (in chapters 1 and 2) of how momwe umulungu (eusebeia) umayenera godliness (eusebeia ) is supposed to be kuwonetseredwa kunja kwa okhulupilira onse: observed in the outward characteristics of oyang'anira ndi akulu, amuna achikulire, akazi believers of all ranks:overseers and elders, achikulire, akazi achitsikana, amuna older men, older women, younger women, achinyamata, antchito, ndi Tito mwini. younger men, servants, and Titus himself. Umulungu ndi lingaliro la moyo wamkati ndi Godliness is the concept of the inward life and mawonekedwe akunja a chipatso cha Mzimu. the outward appearance of the fruit of the Spirit. Mwachitsanzo, mu chipatso chauzimu cha For example, in the spiritual fruit of love we chikondi timawona chisamaliro chenicheni ndi see genuine care and regard for people, an kulemekeza anthu, chikondi chenicheni kwa impersonal love for people who are different, anthu omwe ali osiyana, ngakhale ali adani. even though they are enemies.This love results Chikondi ichi chimabweretsa ma kusamalira in the philozenos of TITUS 1:8. ena TITUS 1:8. Chikondi ndi kusapezeka kwa machimo a Love is the absence of mental attitude sins and mumtima ndi machimo a lilime. Zosokonezazo sins of the tongue.The negatives have been zachotsedwa pa moyo wa wokhulupirira eliminated from the believer’s life so that kotero kuti Iye samadana, onyoza, onyansidwa, kapena He no longer hates, despises, disdains, or

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omasirira anthu ena, envies other people, Iye salinso kuwazunza kapena kuwaseka, He no longer maligns or ridicules them, choncho and therefore Ali mfulu kuti akhale ndi utumiki ndi ena He is free to have a ministry with others omwe samalepheretsedwa ndi that is not hindered by offensiveness or kukhumudwa kapena kuwawa mtima. bitterness. Chimwemwe ndi chipatso chauzimu chomwe Joy is the spiritual fruit which enables a chimathandiza Mkristu kukhalanso Christian to have happiness that does not wachimwemwe chomwe sichidalira zambiri za depend on the details of life.He has a stable moyo. Ali ndi malingaliro ozikika poyang'ana mental attitude from looking to Jesus and kwa Yesu ndikukhulupirira Atate pa trusting the Father for everything.He does not chirichonse. Iye sagwera kuvutika maganizo fall into moody depression when things go pamene zinthu zipita molakwika kapena wrong or he is criticized of maligned.He does amatsutsidwa kuti amanyansidwa. Iye sagwera not fall into wide emotional swings.He does mu kusintha kwakukulu kwamaganizo. Iye not depend on others to prop up his sadalira ena kuti athandize chimwemwe chake. happiness.I TIM. 6:6,“Godliness (eusebeia) I TIM. 6:6, "Umulungu (eusebeia) ndi with contentment is great gain...” kukhutira ndi phindu lalikulu ..." Wokhulupirira yemwe ali ndi mtendere ndi A believer who has peace is a master of the mbuye wa chikhulupiriro chokhazikika . Iye Faith-Rest technique.He is nearly unflappable, sangalephereke, chifukwa ali ndi ntchito because he has a lot of practice in placing zambiri poyika zovuta zonse, tsoka lililonse, every distress, every disaster, in the hands of m'manja mwa Ambuye. Iye ndi munthu the Lord.He is the most relaxed person in the womasuka kwambiri m'dera lanu. Alibe neighborhood.He does not have chronic worry nkhawa yaikulu panthawiyi kapena mtsogolo. about the present or future.He knows that the Amadziwa kuti Ambuye akhoza kuthana nazo Lord can handle everything.So he is not zonse. Kotero iye sali wotsutsa. Ngakhale ngati paranoid.Even if someone is really out to get wina ali pafupi kuti amutengere, amakhala him, he is relaxed and praying, even for the womasuka komanso wopemphera, ngakhale enemy who is plotting against him.He places mdani yemwe akukonzekera chiwembu. great confidence in the Lord, especially Amaika chidaliro chachikulu mwa Ambuye, regarding death, knowing and resting in the makamaka ponena za imfa, kudziwa ndi fact that “absent from the body” means kupuma mu "kuti palibe" thupi “present with the Lord.”So he is not one of "limatanthauza" kupezeka ndi Ambuye. those who “through fear of death are all their "Kotero si mmodzi wa iwo omwe" mwa lifetime subject to bondage” (HEB. 2:15). mantha a imfa nthawi yonse ya moyo wawo ogonjera ukapolo "(AHEBI 2:15). Chabwino, pa ntchito ya kusukulu, mukhoza Well, for homework, you can make up your kupanga zofotokozera zanu za magawo otsala own descriptions for the remaining parts of a chipatso cha Mzimu:Kuleza mtima, Kufatsa, the fruit of the Spirit: Longsuffering, Ubwino, Chikhulupiriro, Kufatsa, Kutha. Gentleness, Goodness, Faith, Meekness, Ingokumbukirani kuti dongosolo la Mulungu Temperance.Just remember that God’s plan for kwa inu ndikuti mupitirize kukhala Mkhristu you is that you continue to be a godly waumulungu. Christian.

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MGWIRIZANO NDI KHRISTU - UNION WITH CHRIST Pa nthawi ya chipulumutso chake, At the time of his personal salvation, the wokhulupirira wachikristu alowa mu Christian believer enters into a spiritual union mgwirizano wa uzimu ndi Yesu Khristu ndipo with Jesus Christ and remains in that position amakhalabe mmenemo nthawi zonse. forever."Positional Truth" is the formal title for "Chowonadi Chachikhalidwe" ndi udindo that wide class of Bible teaching on the subject wapadera wa chiphunzitso chachikulu cha of the Christian's position in or union with Baibulo pa nkhani ya udindo wa Mkhristu mu Jesus Christ. mgwirizano ndi Yesu Khristu. Mgwirizano ndi Khristu umapatsa Union with Christ makes available to the wokhulupirira zambiri zabwino zauzimu. believer a great number of spiritual Zopindulitsa izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito benefits.These benefits can be used and ndikusangalala mosalekeza mu nthawi yotsala enjoyed continuously during the believer's ya wokhulupirira ndikupitirira ku nthawi remaining lifetime and will continue into zosatha. eternity. Chikhalidwe cha udindo wa wokhulupirira The nature of the believer's position in Christ mwa Khristu chinalosedweratu ndi Ambuye was foretold by the Lord Jesus Himself: Yesu Mwiniwake: (1) mu Mkate wa Moyo, (1)in the Bread of Life discourse, Joh 6:56 John 6:56 Iye wakudya thupi langa ndi kumwa mwazi He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood wanga akhala mwa Ine, ndi Ine mwa Iye. abides in Me, and I in him. (2) mu nkhani yabwino ya mbusa. (2) in the Good Shepherd discourse. Joh 10:16 John 10:16 Ndipo nkhosa zina ndiri nazo zomwe siziri za And other sheep I have which are not of this fold; khola ili; iwonso ndiyenera kubweretsa, ndipo them also I must bring, and they will hear My adzamva mau Anga; ndipo padzakhala gulu voice; and there will be one flock and one limodzi ndi mbusa mmodzi. shepherd. (3) mu nkhani yapamwamba ya chipinda. (3) in the Upper Room discourse. Joh 14:20 John 14:20 Ndipo nkhosa zina ndiri nazo zomwe siziri za And other sheep I have which are not of this fold; khola ili; iwonso ndiyenera kubweretsa, ndipo them also I must bring, and they will hear My adzamva mau Anga; ndipo padzakhala gulu voice; and there will be one flock and one limodzi ndi mbusa mmodzi. shepherd. Mkhristu akuyikidwa mu uzimu mwa Khristu The Christian is placed spiritually in Christ kudzera mu njira yotchedwa Ubatizo wa through a mechanism known as the Baptism of Mzimu Woyera. Makina awa amafotokozedwa the Holy Spirit.These mechanics are described in

1 Akorinto 12:13 Pakuti mwa Mzimu umodzi ife 1 Corinthians 12:13 tonse tinabatizidwira kulowa thupi limodzi, kaya For by one Spirit we were all baptized into one Ayuda kapena Ahelene, akapolo kapena mfulu, body—whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves

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ndipo tonse tidamwetsedwa mu Mzimu umodzi. or free—and have all been made to drink into one Spirit.

Agalatiya 3:27,28 Galatians 3:27,28 27 Pakuti nonse omwe munabatizidwa mwa 27 For as many of you as were baptized into Khristu mudabvala Khristu. Christ have put on Christ. 28 Palibe Myuda kapena Mhelene, palibe kapolo 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is kapena mfulu, palibe mwamuna kapena mkazi; neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor pakuti nonse muli amodzi mwa Khristu Yesu. female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Kuphunzira za maubatizo asanu ndi awiri a (A study of the seven baptisms of the Bible is a Baibulo ndi chofunikira kuti mumvetsetse prerequisite to an understanding of the ubatizo wa Mzimu Woyera.) Baptism of the Holy Spirit.) Ubatizo wa Mzimu Woyera unaloseredwa ndi The Baptism of the Holy Spirit was foretold by Khristu mkati Christ in

Machitidwe 1:5,8 5 Pakuti Yohane adabatiza ndi Acts 1:5,8 madzi, koma inu mudzabatizidwa ndi Mzimu 5 for John truly baptized with water, but you Woyera masiku angapo kuyambira pano. " 8 shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many Koma mudzalandira mphamvu Mzimu Woyera days from now.” atadza pa inu; ndipo mudzakhala mboni zanga 8 But you shall receive power when the Holy m'Yerusalemu, ndi m'Yudeya lonse, ndi Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be m'Samariya, ndi kufikira malekezero a dziko witnesses to Me in Jerusalem, and in all Judea lapansi. and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”

Izi zinachitika kwa nthawi yoyamba pa Tsiku la This occurred for the first time on the Day of Pentekoste, Pentecost,

Macitidwe 2:1-4 1 Pamene tsiku la Pentekosite Acts 2:1–4 linali litadza, onse anali amodzi pamodzi. 2 Ndipo 1 When the Day of Pentecost had fully come, mwadzidzidzi kunabwera phokoso lochokera they were all with one accord in one place. kumwamba, ngati mphepo yamkuntho, ndipo 2 And suddenly there came a sound from linadzaza nyumba yonse imene adakhalamo. 3 heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled Ndipo adawonekera kwa iwo malilime the whole house where they were sitting. ogawanika, ngati a moto, ndipo adakhala 3 Then there appeared to them divided tongues, pamodzi pa iwo. 4 Ndipo anadzazidwa onse ndi as of fire, and one sat upon each of them. Mzimu Woyera, nayamba kulankhula ndi 4 And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and malilime ena, monga Mzimu adayankhula nawo. began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

onaninso Macitidwe 11:15,16 cf Acts 11:15,16 15 Ndipo pamene ndinayamba kulankhula, 15 And as I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell Mzimu Woyera unagwa pa iwo, monga pa ife upon them, as upon us at the beginning. pachiyambi. 16 Then I remembered the word of the Lord, 16 Ndipo ndinakumbukira mawu a Ambuye, kuti how He said, ‘John indeed baptized with water, adanena, Yohane adabatiza ndi madzi, koma inu but you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit.’ mudzabatizidwa ndi Mzimu Woyera.

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Chifukwa chake, mgwirizano ndi Khristu unali Therefore, Union with Christ was experienced okhulupirira kwa nthawi yoyamba pa tsiku la by believers for the first time on the Day of Pentekoste, kupanga chidziwitso chokhachi Pentecost, making it an experience unique to kwa okhulupirira a m'bado. Church Age believers. Mgwirizano ndi Khristu ndi chowonadi kwa Union with Christ is a fact for all believers, okhulupirira onse, auzimu kapena auzimu. spiritual or carnal.

1 AKORINTO 1:2 1 CORINTHIANS 1:2 Kwa Mpingo wa Mulungu umene uli ku Korinto, To the church of God which is at Corinth, to kwa iwo omwe ayeretsedwa mwa Khristu Yesu, those who are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to oyitanidwa kuti akhale oyera, ndi onse omwe be saints, with all who in every place call on the amatchula dzina la Yesu Khristu Ambuye wathu, name of Jesus Christ our Lord, both theirs and ours:

onaninso 1 Akorinto 1:11 cf. 1 Corinthians 1:11 Pakuti adandiwuzidwa za inu, abale anga, ndi a For it has been declared to me concerning you, banja laKloe, kuti pali mikangano pakati panu. my brethren, by those of Chloe’s household, that there are contentions among you.

1 Akorinto 3:1-4 1 Corinthians 3:1–4 1 Ndipo ine, abale, sindinathe kuyankhula ndi inu 1 And I, brethren, could not speak to you as to monga kwa anthu auzimu koma monga spiritual people but as to carnal, as to babes in zachithupi, monga makanda mwa Khristu. Christ. 2 Ndinakupatsani mkaka, osati ndi chakudya 2 I fed you with milk and not with solid food; for cholimba; pakuti mpaka pano simunathe until now you were not able to receive it, and kulandira, ndipo ngakhale tsopano simungathe; even now you are still not able; 3 chifukwa mudakali wachithupithupi. Pakuti 3 for you are still carnal. For where there are kumene kuli kaduka, mikangano, ndi magawano envy, strife, and divisions among you, are you pakati panu, simuli achithupithupi ndikukhala not carnal and behaving like mere men? ngati anthu? 4 For when one says, “I am of Paul,” and another, 4 Pakuti pamene wina ati, "Ine ndine wa Paulo," “I am of Apollos,” are you not carnal? ndipo wina, "Ine ndine wa Apolo," kodi siinu aumunthu? Udindo wa wokhulupirira mwa Khristu The believer's position in Christ makes him a umamupanga kukhala "cholengedwa "new creature" in Christ, chatsopano" mwa Khristu,

2 Akorinto 5:17 Chifukwa chake ngati wina ali 2 Corinthians 5:17 mwa Khristu, ali chilengedwe chatsopano; Zinthu Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new zakale zapita; tawonani, zinthu zonse zakhala creation; old things have passed away; behold, zatsopano. all things have become new.

Mkhristu ali "mwa Khristu" ndipo wakhala The Christian is "in Christ" and has become a "cholengedwa chatsopano" mwa kubadwa "new creature" in that he has a new birth, a kwatsopano, mzimu watsopano waumunthu, new human spirit, and has the ability now to ndipo ali ndi mphamvu tsopano kuti have fellowship with God."Old things have aziyanjana ndi Mulungu. "Zinthu zakale passed away", spiritual death is done away,

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zapita", imfa yauzimu yatha, ndipo "zinthu and "all things are become new", spiritual life zonse zakhala zatsopano", moyo wauzimu is begun. wayamba. Mgwirizano ndi Khristu uli ndi zotsatira Union with Christ has several immediate zingapo kwa wokhulupirira aliyense: results for every believer: AEFESO 001 QUIZ Ephesians 001 Quiz 1. Pogwiritsa ntchito mayina a masiku ano, 1.Using modern geographical names, state tchulani malo a mzinda wa Efeso. what is the location of the city of Ephesus? Yankho: Answer: 2. Mu Nkhondo ya Peloponnesi, pakati pa 2.In the Peloponnesian War, between Atene ndi Sparta, mbali ina iti yomwe Efeso Athens and Sparta, which side did Ephesus anatenga? take? Yankho: Answer: 3. Mu bukhu liti la Baibulo ndi Efeso 3.In what book of the Bible is Ephesus yotchulidwa ngati umodzi wa mipingo mentioned as being one of the seven isanu ndi iwiri ya ku Asia? churches of Asia? Yankho: Answer: 4. "woyera" ndi:[A. Mkhristu yemwe 4.A “saint” is:[A. a Christian who has done wachita ntchito zodabwitsa kwa Mulungu; wonderful deeds for God; B. an old believer B. wokhulupirira wakale yemwe wapereka who has sacrificed much for Christ; C. any zambiri kwa Khristu; C. wokhulupirira believer; one who is set apart by God; D. a aliyense; amene amasiyanitsidwa ndi member of a football team] Mulungu; D. membala wa timu ya mpira] Yankho: Answer: 5. Kalata yopita kwa Aefeso inalembedwa 5.The letter to the Ephesians was read by a ndi gulu laling'ono, lokhalo la anthu. small, exclusive group of people. [True; [Zoona; Zabodza] False] Yankho: Answer: 6. Mawu oti "dalitso" amatanthauza:[A. 6.The word “blessing” means:[A. praise; chitamando; kulankhula bwino; B. chisomo fine speaking; B. the grace you say at chimene mumanena pa chakudya; C. meals; C. a gesture made by a minister; D. chizindikiro chochitidwa ndi mtumiki; D. some money that you receive ndalama zina zomwe mumalandira unexpectedly.] mosayembekezereka.] Yankho: Answer: 7. Mulungu Atate adatisankha chifukwa 7.God the Father chose us because He saw adawona kuti tili ndi makhalidwe abwino. that we had wonderful characteristics. [Zoona; Zabodza] [True; False] Yankho: Answer: 8. Kodi ndi njira iti yomwe munthu amene 8.What is the means by which a person amavomereza Khristu amatenga udindo who accepts Christ obtains a position of wogwirizana ndi Khristu? union with Christ? Yankho: Answer:

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9. Kodi ndi liti pamene Mulungu anayamba 9.When did God first start thinking about kuyamba kuganizira za ife? us? Yankho: Answer: 10. Ndondomeko imene Mulungu 10.The plan by which God provides amapereka kwa Akhristu ndi zonse zomwe Christians with everything needed to zimafunikira kuti apange ntchito zomwe produce works that are acceptable to Him zimavomerezedwa ndi Iye zimatchedwa is called God’s Plan of ______. Plan of ______. Yankho: Answer: 11. Kodi tapeza bwanji ufulu "wokondedwa 11.How did we earn the right to be mwa Wokondedwa?" “accepted in the Beloved One?” Yankho: Answer: 12. Kodi Wokondedwa, yemwe 12.Who is the Beloved One, mentioned in watchulidwa mu vesi 6 ndi ndani? verse 6? Yankho: Answer: 13. Kodi Paulo adalandira kuti maphunziro 13.Where did Paul receive his religious ake achipembedzo ali mwana komanso education as a teenager and young adult? wamkulu? Yankho: Answer: 14. Paulo anadza ku Efeso pafupifupi chaka 14.Paul came to Ephesus in approximately cha ______AD the year ______A. D. Yankho: Answer: 15. Mtsogoleri wapamwamba kwambiri 15.The highest ranking official in the local m'mipingo ya m'nthawi ya atumwi anali [A. churches of the first century was [A. bishopu; B. m'busa; C. mtumwi; D. bishop; B. pastor; C. apostle; D. priest]. wansembe]. Yankho: Answer: 16. Ndi uti mwa atumwi amene sanamuone 16.Which of the apostles did not see Jesus Yesu Khristu ataukitsidwa? Christ after His resurrection? Yankho: Answer: 17. Mawu akuti "kukonzedweratu" 17.The word “predestination” means amatanthauza ______. ______. Yankho: Answer: 18. Mkhristu amalowa mu uzimu ndi 18.A Christian enters into a spiritual union Khristu [A. pamene iye abatizidwa; B. with Christ [A. when he is baptized; B. at panthawi yomwe amavomereza Khristu the time he accepts Christ as Savior; C. ngati Mpulumutsi; C. atatsimikizira kuti after he has proven to God that he will be Mulungu adzakhala wokhulupirika; D. faithful; D. when he joins a church]. pamene akujowina mpingo]. Yankho: Answer: 19. Perekani malemba omwe amasonyeza 19.Give a scripture reference that indicates kuti Akhristu adzalandira gawo la Khristu. that Christians will share in Christ’s destiny. Yankho: Answer:

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20. Funsani mafunso:M'magawo angapo, 20.Essay question:In a few paragraphs, fotokozani momwe mungalankhulire kwa describe how you would explain to a new wokhulupirira watsopano madalitso omwe believer what blessings are and how a ali ndi momwe Mkhristu angagwiritsire Christian can make use of blessings. ntchito madalitso. Yankho: Answer: Mapeto a Quiz End of Quiz