Pluto Declared a Dwarf Planet
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
ÉRIS Thèmes De Sa Découverte
Carmela Di Martine – Juin 2020 ÉRIS Thèmes de sa découverte Astronomie La première prise de cliché de l’astre date du 3 septembre 1954 au Mont Palomar en Californie. Éris a été ensuite photographiée lors d’observations effectuées le 21 octobre 2003, avec le télescope Oschin du Mont Palomar par l’équipe de Mike Brown, Chadwick Trujillo et David Rabinowitz. Mais ce n’est en fait que le 5 janvier 2005 qu’elle fut vraiment découverte, lorsque des photographies du même pan de ciel révélèrent son déplacement. Éris et Dysnomie Sous la désignation provisoire 2003 UB313 est officiellement classé « planète naine » le 24 août 2006 par l’Union astronomique internationale. Après avoir été désignée sous différents noms (Xena, Lila, Perséphone, Érèbe...), le « choix » final de la dénomination d’Éris par l’UAI, le 13 septembre 2006, évoque aussi d’une part les discussions et controverses acharnées entre scientifiques sur la remise en cause de la définition du mot « planète » du fait de sa découverte, et d’autre part, l’apparente diversité des orbites des objets épars de cette zone du Système solaire (au-delà de la ceinture de Kuiper) par rapport aux orbites régulières des planètes plus proches du Soleil (jusqu’à Neptune). Sa désignation scientifique officielle complète est (136199) Éris. Pour les principales caractéristiques d’Éris, lire aussi mon article : « Les planètes » (p. 25-27). Astrologie N’aurait-on pas une vision "patriarcale" d’Éris ? Éris la "semeuse de Discordes"… Éris, "l’Emmerdeuse"… Expressions très, trop facilement accordées aussi aux femmes par les hommes… Car des questions se posent tout de même… Pourquoi n’est-ce pas Thétis la « plus Belle » en ce jour de son mariage ? Pourquoi le choix d’Aphrodite embarrasse tant toute l’Assemblé divine qui n’en est pourtant pas habituellement à une guerre près ? Contre toute attente, les thèmes de découvertes d’Éris vont nous dévoiler en effet une toute autre vérité…. -
1 Sednan Day = 10.273 Earth Hours (French)
Welcome to a scale model of our solar system. Sedna In the model, this circle shows Sedna is a trans-Neptunian object (an object that on average orbits the relative size of the Sun. The farther from the Sun than Neptune) discovered on November 14, distances between panels show the 2003 by Michael Brown, Chad Trujillo and David Rabinowitz. relative distances between solar system Sedna has a very elongated orbit, more like a comet than a planet, French translation of text in Sun at upper left corner of panel. objects. The panels for the Sun, Earth and takes over twelve thousand years just to orbit the Sun once. and other planets are located on the It is composed mostly of ices which for unknown reasons are Keele campus. The object Sedna is so far from the Sun that almost as red as the surface of Mars. The temperature on Sedna it is located at Glendon never gets warmer than -240 C (33 degrees above absolute zero). in this scale model. Because it is the coldest, most distant place known in the solar NASA / JPL - system, Sedna was named after the Inuit goddess of the sea, who Caltech / R. Hurt The false-color image to the right, our The four panels above (moving clockwise from the upper left) repeatedly zoom out to best photo of Sedna to date, was taken is thought to live at the bottom of the frigid arctic ocean. with the Hubble Space Telescope. place Sedna in context. The first panel shows the orbits of the inner planets and Jupiter. -
Relatório De Conferência De Produção Intelectual
Relatório de Conferência de Produção Intelectual Dados Gerais Instituição de Ensino: OBSERVATÓRIO NACIONAL (ON) Programa: ASTRONOMIA (31013015001P9) Ano de Referência: 2017 Produções Intelectuais Produção: A GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE STANDARD SIREN MEASUREMENT OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT AUTHORS: Instituição de Ensino: OBSERVATÓRIO NACIONAL (ON) Programa: ASTRONOMIA (31013015001P9) Ano da Publicação: 2017 A Produção é vinculada a Trabalho de Conclusão concluído: Não É um dos 5 trabalhos mais relevantes do seu programa: Não Autores Ordem Nome Categoria 1 B. P Abbott Sem Categoria 2 MARCIO ANTONIO GEIMBA MAIA DOCENTE 3 RICARDO LOURENCO CORREIA DOCENTE OGANDO 4 LUIZ ALBERTO NICOLACI DA COSTA PARTICIPANTE EXTERNO Detalhamento Tipo: BIBLIOGRÁFICA Subtipo: ARTIGO EM PERIÓDICO ISSN: 1476-4687 Estrato: - Natureza: Completo ISSN / Título do periódico: (1476-4687) NATURE (ONLINE) Nome da editora: Cidade: Volume: 551 Fascículo: Série: Número da página inicial: Número da página final: Idioma: inglês Divulgação: VÁRIOS URL: Observação: Trata-se de um artigo com mais de 30 autores. Apenas os autores vinculados ao Observatório Nacional foram listados. Este artigo é fruto de uma grande colaboração. 10/01/2019 14:14:50 1 Relatório de Conferência de Produção Intelectual DOI: 10.1038/nature24471 Contexto Área de Concentração: ASTROFISICA Linha de Pesquisa: ASTROFÍSICA EXTRAGALÁCTICA Projeto de Pesquisa: Produção: A MODIFIED COROT DETREND ALGORITHM AND THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW PLANETARY COMPANION Instituição de Ensino: OBSERVATÓRIO NACIONAL (ON) Programa: ASTRONOMIA (31013015001P9) Ano da Publicação: 2017 A Produção é vinculada a Trabalho de Conclusão concluído: Sim É um dos 5 trabalhos mais relevantes do seu programa: Sim Autores Ordem Nome Categoria 1 RODRIGO CARLOS BOUFLEUR DISCENTE 2 MARCELO EMILIO DOCENTE 3 EDUARDO JANOT PACHECO PARTICIPANTE EXTERNO 4 LAERTE BRANDAO PAES DE ANDRADE PARTICIPANTE EXTERNO 5 SYLVIO FERRAZ DE MELLO PARTICIPANTE EXTERNO 6 José Dias do Nascimento Jr. -
Spitzer to Size up Newly Found Planet
I n s i d e August 12, 2005 Volume 35 Number 16 News Briefs . 2 The story behind ‘JPL Stories’ . 3 Special Events Calendar . 2 Passings . 4 MRO launch postponed . 2 Letters, Classifieds . 4 Jet Propulsion Laborator y However, the object was so far away Spitzer that its motion was not detected until they reanalyzed the data in January of this year. In the last seven months, to size up the scientists have been studying the planet to better estimate its size and newly its motions. “It's definitely bigger than Pluto,” said found Brown, a professor of planetary astrono- my at Caltech. Scientists can infer the size of a solar planet system object by its brightness, just as one can infer the size of a faraway light bulb if one knows its wattage. The re- Artist’s concept of the flectance of the planet is not yet known. planet catalogued as Scientists cannot yet tell how much 2003UB313 at the light from the Sun is reflected away, lonely outer fringes of but the amount of light the planet re- our solar system. Later this month, the Spitzer Space Telescope flects puts a lower limit on its size. “Even if it reflected 100 percent of the light reaching it, it would Our Sun can be seen will look toward the recently discovered planet in the outlying regions of the solar system. The observation will still be as big as Pluto,” says Brown. “I'd say it’s probably one and a in the distance. bring new information on the size of the 10th planet, which lies half times the size of Pluto, but we’re not sure yet of the final size. -
Comparative Kbology: Using Surface Spectra of Triton
COMPARATIVE KBOLOGY: USING SURFACE SPECTRA OF TRITON, PLUTO, AND CHARON TO INVESTIGATE ATMOSPHERIC, SURFACE, AND INTERIOR PROCESSES ON KUIPER BELT OBJECTS by BRYAN JASON HOLLER B.S., Astronomy (High Honors), University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 B.S., Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 M.S., Astronomy, University of Colorado, 2015 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences 2016 This thesis entitled: Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs written by Bryan Jason Holler has been approved for the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Dr. Leslie Young Dr. Fran Bagenal Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. ii ABSTRACT Holler, Bryan Jason (Ph.D., Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences) Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs Thesis directed by Dr. Leslie Young This thesis presents analyses of the surface compositions of the icy outer Solar System objects Triton, Pluto, and Charon. Pluto and its satellite Charon are Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) while Triton, the largest of Neptune’s satellites, is a former member of the KBO population. Near-infrared spectra of Triton and Pluto were obtained over the previous 10+ years with the SpeX instrument at the IRTF and of Charon in Summer 2015 with the OSIRIS instrument at Keck. -
The Big Eye Vol 2 No 1
Friends of Palomar Observatory P.O. Box 200 Palomar Mountain, CA 92060-0200 The Big Eye The Newsletter of the Friends of Palomar Observatory Vol. 2, No. 1 Solar System Now Palomar’s Astronomical Has Eight Planets Bandwidth The International Astronomical Union (IAU) recently downgraded the status of Pluto to that of a “dwarf plan- For the past three years, astronomers at the et,” a designation that will also be applied to the spheri- California Institute of Technology’s Palomar Obser- cal body discovered last year by California Institute of vatory in Southern California have been using the Technology planetary scientist Mike Brown and his col- High Performance Wireless Research and Education leagues. The decision means that only the rocky worlds Network (HPWREN) as the data transfer cyberin- of the inner solar system and the gas giants of the outer frastructure to further our understanding of the uni- system will hereafter be designated as planets. verse. Recent applications include the study of some The ruling effectively settles a year-long controversy of the most cataclysmic explosions in the universe, about whether the spherical body announced last year and the hunt for extrasolar planets, and the discovery informally named “Xena” would rise to planetary status. of our solar system’s tenth planet. The data for all Somewhat larger than Pluto, the body has been informally this research is transferred via HPWREN from the known as Xena since the formal announcement of its remote mountain observatory to college campuses discovery on July 29, 2005, by Brown and his co-discov- hundreds of miles away. -
Asteroids Near and Far
Asteroids Near and Far David J. Tholen Institute for Astronomy University of Hawaii Subaru 20th Anniversary 2019 November 22 Subaru and Near-Earth Asteroids ● Wide, deep imaging one of Subaru's strengths ● One of my earliest uses of Subaru was to look for asteroids interior to the Earth's orbit ● Introduced the term “apohele” to refer to this type of object (to distinguish from Amor, Apollo, Aten near-Earth objects) ● The motivation... Asteroid aphelia circa 2000 The Search for Apohele ● UHAS81 discovered 2004 Dec 13 with Subaru ● Later designated 2004 XZ130 ● At the time of discovery, had the smallest semimajor axis of any known asteroid Orbit of 2004 XZ130 Asteroid aphelia circa 2019 List of Known Apohele Object Aphelion Distance (AU) 2019 AQ3 0.77 2019 LF6 0.79 (418265) 2008 EA32 0.80 2018 JB3 0.88 2013 TQ5 0.89 (164294) 2004 XZ130 0.90 2006 WE4 0.93 2017 YH 0.94 2013 JX28 0.94 (413563) 2005 TG45 0.94 2006 KZ39 0.94 2015 ME131 0.95 2010 XB11 0.95 2014 FO47 0.96 (481817) 2008 UL90 0.96 2017 XA1 0.97 2012 VE46 0.97 (434326) 2004 JG6 0.97 (163693) Atira 0.98 Discovery of Apophis ● Most famous of the objects discovered during the search for Apohele ● Discovered 2004 June 19 UT ● Not a Subaru discovery, yet Subaru played a role that few people know about ● A stack of the three discovery images... Apophis on 2004 June 19 UT Subaru and Apophis ● UHAS55 identified as object of interest in Subaru images taken 2004 June 17 UT ● Motion faster than 90 arcsec/hr at solar elongation of 56 deg ● Attempted to recover on 2004 June 19 UT with Bok 2.29-m -
Ħųňțįňģ Fǿř Bįģ Pŀǻňěțș Fǻř Běỳǿňđ Pŀųțǿ Mǻỳ Șǿǿň Bě Ěǻșįěř
Ħųňțįňģ Fǿř Bįģ Pŀǻňěțș Fǻř Běỳǿňđ Pŀųțǿ Mǻỳ Șǿǿň Bě Ěǻșįěř FĚBŘŲǺŘỲ 02, 2015 4:29 PM ĚȚ ŇĚĿĿ ĢŘĚĚŇFİĚĿĐBǾỲČĚ Ŀįșțěň țǿ țħě Șțǿřỳ All Things Considered 4 min 23 sec Stars over the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Sheppard and Trujillo used the new Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on a telescope there to find the distant dwarf planet 2012 VP 113. Reidar Hahn/Fermilab On a mountaintop in Chile, excavators have just started work on a construction site. It will soon be home to a powerful new telescope that will have a good shot at finding the mysterious Planet X, if it exists. "Planet X is kind of a catchall name given to any speculation about an unseen companion orbiting the sun," says Kevin Luhman, an astronomer at Penn State University. The discovery images of 2012 VP113, which has the most distant orbit known in our Solar System. The dwarf planet's movement suggests its orbit. Source: Carnegie Institution of Science Credit: Scott Sheppard For more than a century, scientists have observed various things that they thought could be explained by the presence of an unknown planet lurking at the edge of our solar system. "There's a huge volume of space in the outer solar system," says Luhman. "We know almost nothing about what might be out there." Some conspiracy-minded folks even think that Planet X has already been discovered. "There are a lot of these people on the Internet," says Luhman, "who think that, for instance, NASA knows about an unseen planet, but it's on a collision course with Earth and it's going to destroy us, but they don't tell us about it." Finding a major new planet would be big news. -
Planet Nine Join the Hunt for a Possible Planet!
Planet Nine Join the Hunt for a Possible Planet! In July 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft gave us our first close look at Pluto, the most famous dwarf planet in the outskirts of our Solar System. The flyby was big news, and the data sent back to Earth revealed a world far more complex than anyone realized. Are there more worlds out there, beyond Pluto? What might such a world be like? Planet Nine tells a tale of the search for another world hidden in the darkness. Planetary scientist-explorers continually make discoveries about conditions "out there". Planet Nine follows Mike Brown and his team at CalTech as they uncover new worlds such as the remarkably bright Eris; tumbling Haumea, an Exploring Farther egg-shaped object rotating incredibly fast; and Sedna, whose High-powered telescopes peer out at the sky each night, orbit takes it deep into the far reaches of the Solar System. searching for faint light from distant worlds. Experience a night at the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii, as Brown describes his Is there a new planet beyond even these distant objects? search for worlds so far away they take thousands of years to orbit the Sun. Orbits Tell The Tale Pluto's own unusual path is a clue to chaotic activities billions of years ago. Could other distant objects "out there" follow equally odd orbits? Throughout this fascinating show, Mike Brown talks about unusual orbits and describes nights of painstaking robotic searches for new planets. His is a story of modern planet- hunting techniques that have uncovered many new worlds out beyond Neptune. -
"Planet Nine": Have Astronomers Found a Huge New World Past Pluto? by Scientific American, Adapted by Newsela Staff 01.25.16
Name: ______________________________ Period: ______ Date: _____________ Article of the Week Directions: Read the following article carefully and annotate. You need to include at least 1 annotation per paragraph. Be sure to include all of the following in your total annotations. Annotation = Marking the Text + A Note of Explanation 1. Great Idea or Point – Write why you think it is a good idea or point – ! 2. Confusing Point or Idea – Write a question to ask that might help you understand – ? 3. Unknown Word or Phrase – Circle the unknown word or phrase, then write what you think it might mean based on context clues or your word knowledge – 4. A Question You Have – Write a question you have about something in the text – ?? 5. Summary – In a few sentences, write a summary of the paragraph, section, or passage – # "Planet Nine": Have astronomers found a huge new world past Pluto? By Scientific American, adapted by Newsela staff 01.25.16 Picture and Caption ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ Paragraph #1 This picture is an artist’s depiction of what "Planet Nine" might look like. The planet is thought to be gaseous, similar to Uranus and Neptune, and in our solar system out ___________________________ beyond Pluto. Photo: Caltech/R. Hurt (IPAC) ___________________________ Para #1 In the last 20 years, astronomers have identified about 2,000 new worlds using a telescope in space. These planets ___________________________ orbit stars that lie tens or even hundreds of light-years from Earth. These discoveries are important, but no single planet is likely to ___________________________ be much of a big deal. -
In National Parks NEWS
VOL. 97 • NO. 19 • 1 OCT 2016 Global Risks from Coastal Subsidence Lessons from Dwarf Planets AGU Expands into Geohealth Snapshots of Research in National Parks NEWS What Have Dwarf Planets Taught Us About the Solar System? lassrooms across the world received Dwarf Planets Are as Complex as Regular some bad news on 24 August 2006. 1 Planets. When the New Horizons probe C Pluto—the celestial body discovered passed by Pluto more than a year ago, in 1930 and named by an 11-year-old girl, the scientists found a complex system with areas “pizzas” in the planet mnemonic “My very of geologically young surface and evidence of educated mother just served us nine piz- active geology. Pluto, the images revealed, zas”—had been officially stricken from the wasn’t just a chunk of rock orbiting in space. solar system’s family of planets and reclassi- “Even I underestimated what we would find,” fied as a “dwarf planet.” said Alan Stern, principal investigator of the The discovery of the slightly more massive New Horizons mission. object Eris inspired the International Astro- Pluto continues to stun scientists with its nomical Union’s (IAU) decision. Proponents unexpected surface features, but its newly of the change insisted that if Pluto got to revealed complexity is just the beginning. keep the label “planet,” so too should simi- Makemake has no atmosphere. Haumea NASA/JHUAPL/SRI larly sized objects—like Ceres, for instance, spins faster than any other known large On 14 July 2015, NASA’s New Horizons probe snapped the which was then considered a large asteroid. -
Comparative Kbology: Using Surface Spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon
COMPARATIVE KBOLOGY: USING SURFACE SPECTRA OF TRITON, PLUTO, AND CHARON TO INVESTIGATE ATMOSPHERIC, SURFACE, AND INTERIOR PROCESSES ON KUIPER BELT OBJECTS by BRYAN JASON HOLLER B.S., Astronomy (High Honors), University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 B.S., Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 M.S., Astronomy, University of Colorado, 2015 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences 2016 This thesis entitled: Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs written by Bryan Jason Holler has been approved for the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Dr. Leslie Young Dr. Fran Bagenal Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. ii ABSTRACT Holler, Bryan Jason (Ph.D., Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences) Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs Thesis directed by Dr. Leslie Young This thesis presents analyses of the surface compositions of the icy outer Solar System objects Triton, Pluto, and Charon. Pluto and its satellite Charon are Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) while Triton, the largest of Neptune’s satellites, is a former member of the KBO population. Near-infrared spectra of Triton and Pluto were obtained over the previous 10+ years with the SpeX instrument at the IRTF and of Charon in Summer 2015 with the OSIRIS instrument at Keck.