Elmwood Avenue Enhancement Providence, Rhode Island

COMMUNITYWORKS RHODE ISLAND

PREPARED BY L+A LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

JULY 1, 2010 “We know we’re always going to have streets for people to drive on, but we know that people want to bike and hike and walk. And we want to provide those opportunities for the exercise it provides, for the family opportunities for people to be together, to get outdoors, and so many other things that come about as a result of it.

– Ray LaHood United States Secretary of Transportation

PA G E 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 Contents

Background Recommendations

5 PROLOGUE 32 KEY LOCATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT

6 THE STUDY AREA SCHOOL ZONE 34 School Zone 8 HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF ELMWOOD AVENUE 36 “Hyper” Block

COLUMBUS SQUARE Process 38 Columbus Square Expansion: Phase 1 12 RECOMMENDATIONS (MAPPED) 40 Columbus Square Expansion: Phase 2

14 COMMUNITY OUTREACH AND PROCESS ELMWOOD AVENUE BIKEWAY TO ROGER WILLIAMS PARK OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS 42 Bikeway Option 1 18 Independent traffic analysis 44 Bikeway Option 2 22 Accidents and Dangerous Intersection data (mapped) 46 OVERALL LENGTH OF ELMWOOD AVENUE FEDERAL INITIATIVES 24 Safe Routes to Schools 48 BRING ELMS BACK TO ELMWOOD 25 Complete Streets 26 Green Streets Initiative Appendices 26 Childhood Obesity Task Force 50 LINKS 28 STATEWIDE PLANNING 51 BIBLIOGRAPHY 30 CITY OF PROVIDENCE: TREES 2020 52 PHOTOGRAPHS OF DETAILS AND EXAMPLES 31 ELMWOOD NEIGHBORHOOD

PA G E 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 PA G E 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 5 Prologue

Streets are the largest public space in our cities. The recommendations in this report will enhance the public safety, accessibility, and environmental beauty of historic Elmwood Avenue so that the s treet can again fulfill its’ role as the neighborhood “Main Street.” Overall strategies for improvement along the entire avenue are proposed — with three zones along the avenue being identified in community meetings and conversations with critical constituents as priorities for the current Elmwood Avenue/RIDOT project: - The School Zone / Safe Route to Schools: addresses safety and pedestrian access to the academic and civic institutions clustered near the Knight Memorial Library. - Columbus Square: addresses the potential of this area to be the vital social and economic center of the Elmwood, Reservoir, and West End neighborhoods with improved access, enlarged and renovated public spaces, and development opportunities for neighborhood commercial businesses. - The South Elmwood Bikeway: address easier and safer pedestrian and bicycle access from the neighborhood to Roger Williams Park. Improvements along this length of the avenue not only serves the neighborhood, but also serves all of those in the city seeking safe access to the city’s landmark public park. In addition, overall strategies for improvements along the entire avenue are proposed. These recommendations represent the aspirations of the neighborhoods for a complete, multi-modal, pedestrian and bicycle accessible, public space that enhances the everyday lives of residents.

Senator Juan Pichardo Carrie Marsh, executive director Senate District 2, Rhode Island CommunityWorks Rhode Island

PA G E 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 5

Study Area

Elmwood Avenue is part of US Highway 1, the historic federal route that extends from Maine to Florida and which has been superceded by Interstate 95. Due to the status of the street as a federal highway, the maintenance and engineering of Elmwood Avenue is the responsibility of the Rhode Island Department of Transportation (RIDOT).

Elmwood Avenue was among the first of the Providence’s streets along which streetcars travelled. It was an elegant elm-lined street with broad sidewalks and a gracious public realm that connected downtown Providence at Trinity Square to the City’s pre-eminent public space, Roger Williams Park in the south. It was also an early center of automobile culture in the city with showrooms and service stations clustered near Columbus Square.

The current configuration of the street largely dates from the late 1930s when the elec- tric trolleys were replaced, the street widened, and the elms — the tree that gave the neighborhood and street its name were removed. The southern end of the street was modified for the construction of Interstate Highway 95 in the early 1960s, which also cut the neighborhood off from Roger Williams Park.

The Study Area for this Report comprises the full length of Elmwood Avenue in Provi- dence - from Trinity Square in the north to Roger Williams Park in the south.

PA G E 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 7 (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

PROVIDENCE ELMWOOD AVENUE STUDY AREA

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Cady Map View of Elmwood Avenue south from Sprague Street Initial planning, land acquisition, and development of Roger Williams Park 1871

1750 1801 Platting began by Benjamin 1894 1899 Dyer along Peace and Plenty Citizens donate statue of Christopher Columbus By 1900, real estate along Elmwood Avenue Street. designed by Bartholdi, sculptor of the Statue of was fully developed out to Roger Williams Park 1843 J. J. Cooke began to develop Liberty, and cast at nearby Gorham Silver. area between Congress and Union Railroad Company electrified Sackett Street to Adelaide Avenue. He named his development ELMWOOD 1880’s – 90’s Elmwood was home to 1855 Elmwood Omnibus Company numerous manufacturers of jewelry, metals (horse drawn coaches) running and textiles. Fruit of the Loom, one of the from Market Square downtown world’s largest manufacturers operated 21 to Elmwood at Potters mills in RI and MA. Gorham factory opened 1865 Civil War ends with Providence a prosperous manufacturing near Mashapaug Pond. center Anna Mann Gates at Roger Williams Park Image source: RI Historical society

PA G E 8 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 9

construction of I-95 complete. Looking south from Roger Williams Avenue

1950’s Elmwood loses suburban character: Widening of Elmwood Avenue deterioration of housing stock, single family commences with cutting down of 189 trees, mostly healthy elms homes convert to apartments, middle class 1935 population moved further outside Providence.

1923 1946 1956 1970s By the early to mid 70’s urban decay becomes highly visible: vacant Knight Memorial Library built. Planning for After decades of debate and property, spot demolition, lower Automobiles, garages, car sales, thoroughfares planning, Congress passed the property value, disinvestment. service stations proliferate along federal-aid Highway Act, and the Elmwood Avenue interstate network is born. 1980 Elmwood Historic Districts established

Traffic on Elmwood Avenue 1936

Note the line of elm tree stumps that stretch out along the trolley line Historical Timeline of Elmwood Avenue

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Image source: RI Historical society

PA G E 1 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 1

Dec. 5, 1935

Bus service replaces street cars. as a result, Far be it from me to attempt to block civilizations' greatest God, Elmwood Avenue was widened substantially Progress, but I cannot refrain from adding the cry of an out-of- and the elms that J.J. Cooke had planted towner to the protest against the destruction of the Elmwood were removed, thereby changing the char- Avenue elms, which belong not just to a few who are citizens of acter of the neighborhood forever. Providence, but to all of us who call Rhode Island home, and to whom these elms represent more than sentiment... In order to obtain the width required it was necessary to remove many large trees and Providence Journal Bulletin, also the trolley tracks which existed on signed: A suburbanite, Apponaug each side of the street. An innovation in this construction was the provision of a raised medial island for the separation of opposing lines of traffic…

Statewide Historic Report: Elmwood 1979

Historical Timeline of Elmwood Avenue

PA G E 1 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 1 ELIMINATE HIGH SPEED RIGHT TURN FROM 95 OFF RAMP ONTO ELMWOOD AVENUE INBOUND AND RECONFIGURE LANE MARKINGS COLUMBUS SQUARE WALGREENS

PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE IMPROVEMENTS AT 95 OVERPASS, INCLUDING SURFACE BIKEWAY TO PARK GREATER COLUMBUS SQUARE UPGRADES, LIGHTING, AND GATEWAY STATUS

RESERVOIR AVENUE

COORDINATE SAFE BICYCLE RIPTA AND PEDESTRIAN GATEWAY AT ROGER WILLIAMS PARK

CONGRES SAVE. ROGER WILLIAMS AVENUE WILLIAMS ROGER

LEXINGTONAVE. ONTARIOST. (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

ADELAIDEAVE.

GALLATINST. HISTORIC DISTRICT

SACKET TST.

LONGFELLOWST.

CADILLACDR.

INTERSTATE 95

LEGEND

FOCUS AREAS CONNECTIONS TO DEVELOP ROGER WILLIAMS PARK & ZOO RECOMMENDATIONS HISTORIC DISTRICT

INTERSECTION WITH IMPORTANT BUILDINGS TRAFFIC LIGHT DANGEROUS INTERSECTION CEMETERIES

PA G E 1 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 3 GILBERT STUART ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

GREENWICH ST. GREENWICH KNIGHT MEMORIAL LIBRARY SCHOOL ZONE

DABOLL ST. DABOLL AVE.. PRINCTON

MAWNEY ST. MAWNEY

PUBLIC ST.

STANWOODST.

POT TERSAVE.

WHITMARCH ST. WHITMARCH

HISTORIC ST. PLENTY

DISTRICT W. FRIENDSHIP ST. FRIENDSHIP W. ELMWOOD AVENUE

BROAD STREET IMPROVE SAFETY AT ELMWOOD AVE. AND BROAD STREET POTTERS AVE., THE INTERSECTION WITH THE MOST TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS.

SCHOOL ZONE “HYPER BLOCK” PATH LINKS TO CITY BETWEEN PRINCETON AND DABOLL STREETS COORDINATE WITH CEMETARY MASTER PLAN IMPROVEMENTS

SCHOOL ZONE FROM PLENTY STREET AT DHS TO THE NORTH AND MAWNEY STREET TO THE SOUTH Recommendations

PA G E 1 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 3 Community Outreach and Process

CommunityWorks Rhode Island with the assistance of or bollards however they were overwhelmingly in favor of L + A Landscape Architecture coordinated a series of our proposed crosswalk bump-outs which they would like public meetings with Elmwood neighborhood groups. to see all along Elmwood. Some people were concerned The purpose of the meetings was to gain concensus from that the bump-outs would eliminate parking for the busi- several groups as to what the major concerns are. We nesses on the east side of the street. Everyone agreed met with school and local officials, bicycle groups, and that the bump-outs would take up the corners where residents all of whom expressed a desire to see Elmwood people park illegally anyway. Avenue become a safer, pedestrian- friendly and bike Columbus Square/ Walgreen’s is another high pedestrian friendly street. area. The Walgreen’s at this location has the highest L+A presented preliminary design ideas for three loca- customer volume of any Walgreen’s in the state. It is tions along Elmwood Avenue; The library/ school zone, possible that locals use it as a grocery store because Columbus Square/ Walgreen’s and the southern leg of there are no other grocery stores in the area. This area Elmwood which connects to Roger Williams Park (Bike suffers as well from too many curb cuts and inconvenient Path). places for pedestrians to cross. The Community was in favor of ‘corrals’ which direct pedestrians to cross The library/ school zone has a high volume of pedestrian at specific locations. Everyone responded favorably to activity due to he Gilbert Stuart Elementary School the expansion of Columbus Square. People suggested located behind the library and a number of high schools a farmer’s market, music etc. There was some concern in the vicinity. There are also a lot of vehicular drop-offs about closing off Atlantic Avenue at the southern end of here as well as a bus stop which adds to the congestion. Columbus Square and making Reservoir Avenue one way The community turned down the idea of any temporary south from Columbus Square, re-routing north traffic to devices to narrow the crossings such as concrete barriers Elmwood Avenue via Adelaide.

PA G E 1 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 5 PA G E 1 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 5 Community Outreach and Process

From Adelaide south to Roger Williams Park we amenities. It was suggested that the timing of lights presented a bike path which takes over a parking lane needs to be fixed in order to slow down traffic. It seems on the east side of the street and adds a planted parking that most people, especially business owners are in favor lane between the bike path and traffic. This allows a of having as much parking as possible. Everyone would safe place for families and children to connect to Roger like to see Columbus Square expanded. There was a lot Williams Park from the Elmwood neighborhoods without of discussion about trash cans and tree pits and who going out into traffic. Most people thought this was a would be responsible for cleaning them if, and when, they good idea and a couple representatives of local bicycle were installed. The community is in favor of putting Elms groups were in favor, however, there was another cyclist back on Elmwood. who thought it would be more dangerous and not suited to Elmwood Avenue. The Church at Longfellow Street needs more parking especially on Friday nights and Sundays. Everyone was in favor of eliminating the ‘turbo lane’ at the 95 off ramp. There was a suggestion to add a commuter lot here.

In general, people were in favor of the bump-outs for all of Elmwood Avenue. They were in favor of the ‘corrals’ at Walgreen’s. They want more pedestrian traffic signals, historic looking traffic and street lighting, and street

PA G E 1 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 7 Priorities

1. Pedestrian Safety; crosswalks, bus stops, safe routes to school. People over cars.

2. Economy, businesses- Bring business and development to Elmwood, parking

3. Neighborhood character must be improved; visual appeal amenities, lighting (lights in crosswalks, flashing signs, speed limit signs), garbage cans, elms, art

4. Bike Safety; designated bike lanes, bike paths

5. Connections to downtown and Roger Williams Park

PA G E 1 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 7 Observations and Analysis McMahon Associates Review and Recommendations

As requested, McMahon Associates has reviewed the Design Study Report (DSR) for the 1R Highway Safety Improve- ments, Contract 1, Elmwood Avenue, Park Avenue to Trinity Square, City of Providence, prepared for the Rhode Island Department of Transportation (RIDOT) by Crossman Engineering Inc and dated August 2006. RIDOT is reconsidering the scope of this project. The purpose of our review is to offer recommendations for project modifications from a traffic engineering perspective.

Design Study Report Summary Hourly Traffic Distribution: Elmwood Avenue Facts from Design A review of the traffic counts indicates that the corridor Study Report: experiences a morning peak in the vicinity of 8 AM. The traffic declines slightly in the following hours and • Project is 2.6 miles with 55 intersections, 13 of which are signalized then proceeds to build. By noon, the traffic volumes on Elmwood Avenue are comparable to the AM peak hour • Speed Limit= 25 mph, volumes. The traffic continues to increase thru the after- Design Speed=30 mph noon hours with a peak occurring around 4-5 PM. The • RIPTA commuter bus route with bus stops afternoon peak hour traffic volumes are approximately • Average Daily Traffic (ADT)= 17,400 in 30-40% higher than the AM peak hour volumes. 2000, Projected 2011 ADT= 18,800 based on a 0.7% per year growth rate The DSR included an analysis of a two-lane section, which was based upon AM and PM peak hour traffic volumes. The mid-day hours are not substantially different than the peak hour volumes.

PA G E 1 8 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 9 Top 10 Intersection Accident Locations 2001-2003 by Rank

3–YEAR ACCIDENT High Accident Locations: RANK STREET1,2 SIGNAL TOTAL COMMENTS Table 13 (right) of the Design Study Report cited the top 1 Potters Ave YES 83 47% Angle/Broadside 20% Rear-End ten intersection accident locations within the corridor 2 Cadillac Drive/ NO 44 71% Angle/Broadside based on accident data for 2001-2003. Most of the high Roger Williams Court accident locations are located in the southern portion 3 Longfellow St NO 33 70% Angle/Broadside of the project, between the Route 10 ramps and the 4 Gallatin St3 NO 32 50% Angle/Broadside Elmwood Ave/Gallatin Street intersection. There were 5 RI Rte. 10 Northbound YES 31 39% Angle/Broadside Ramps 27% Rear-End three fatal accidents during the 3-year period. Two fatal accidents occurred in 2002 and involved pedestrians 6 Roger Williams Ave/I-95 YES 22 82% Angle/Broadside Southbound Off-ramp crossing in crosswalks at night; one near Congress Ave 7 Congress St NO 21 32% Angle/Broadside and one at Longfellow Street. The 2003 fatality involved a 32% Rear-End

rear-end collision in the vicinity of Dixon Street. 7 Ontario St4 YES 21 48% Angle/Broadside 7 Public St/Stanwood St NO 21 52% Angle/Broadside 8 Witmarsh St NO 20 95% Angle/Broadside 1 The Park Avenue and Broad Street intersections were not include in this Study 2 Table includes all intersections having 5 or more accidents in all three years (2001, 2002, and 2003) 3 No accidents were recorded for Gallatin Street in 2001 4 Only two accidents were recorded for Ontario Street in 2001

Number of Pedestrians Based on 12–hour Count Data

High Pedestrian Volumes: INTERSECTION SB WB NB EB TOTAL Based upon the manual turning movement counts Elmwood Ave/Sackett St 8 88 2 NA 98 collected for the project, the pedestrian volumes are Elmwood Ave/Adelaide Ave 10 393 59 77 539 summarized with the highest four pedestrian locations Elmwood Ave/Lexington Ave/Reservoir Ave 63 183 100 34 380 highlighted. Elmwood Ave/Ontario St/Walgreens 45 238 373 90 746 Elmwood Ave/Potters Ave 33 172 28 168 401 Elmwood Ave/Greenwich Ave 45 320 7 181 553 Elmwood Ave/Daboll St 244 409 80 255 988 Elmwood Ave/Plenty St/Bellvue Ave 49 334 56 369 808 Elmwood Ave/W Friendship St 55 108 98 487 748 Elmwood Avenue 1R Safety Improvements Program

PA G E 1 8 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 1 9 Observations and Analysis McMahon Associates Review and Recommendations

Project Modifications Considered Ideas for Pedestrian Crosswalks: Ideas for School Crossings: • Lighted crosswalks, flashing in-road • Waiting pads can be designated within the crosswalk lights sidewalk area by sidewalk markings and signs. The waiting pads indicate where students should • Colored crosswalks wait for pick up. Waiting pads can be enhanced • Bump outs arranged in a series, with “stand back lines,” which are typically painted particularly at the school zone 5-10 feet beyond the area of crossing. Stand back • Crossing islands lines are intended to direct students to stand at a reasonable distance from the moving traffic. • Flashing LED crossing signs • In street signing consisting of narrow school • “Road diets”; reducing the roadway crossing signs which are placed in the middle of to three travel lanes the crosswalk along the roadway centerline. • Designated school drop-off location

PA G E 2 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 1 Potential Cross-Sections Modifications: a minimum 4-foot bike lane in each direction. If the bicycle lane is added as a pathway separate from the A two-lane cross-section along Elmwood Avenue was roadway, then the bike path should be vertically sepa- analyzed as part of the 1R project and is summarized in rated from the travel way and the sidewalk. Details such the Design Study Report. The two-lane section was not as drainage, snow removal, and vertical separation recommended in the DSR because: would need to be resolved. • Poor intersection level of service results with the two-lane cross section. If a two-lane cross-section A three lane section may be desirable between were to be implemented, the roadway would have Congress Street and Trinity Square, where there is not to widen to include auxiliary lanes at many of the an existing or proposed median. The middle lane would intersections. serve as a two-way left turn lane (TWLTL). At major • Poor levels of service are projected for the roadway intersections, the TWLTL would convert to exclusive segments along Elmwood Avenue based on a two- left turn lanes. The three lane section would reduce the lane scenario, particularly in the southern portion number of lanes, reduce the pedestrian crossing area of the project. within the portion of roadway with moving vehicles, and A bike lane could be incorporated into the roadway can provide additional capacity at major intersections. cross-section on Elmwood Avenue south of Reservoir The proposed cross-section for this segment of Avenue, if one of the two on-street parking lanes were Elmwood Avenue includes narrow parking lanes (7.5 removed. We recommend that a parking study be feet) and four narrow (10 foot) travel lanes. The curb-to- performed on Elmwood Avenue between the Roger curb roadway width could be maintained under the three Williams Park Entrance and Reservoir Avenue to assess lane section by adding two 9-foot parking lanes, two the parking utilization and need. If a bicycle lane is 12-foot travel lanes, and a 13-foot TWLTL. added to the roadway cross-section, there should be

PA G E 2 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 1

COLUMBUS SQUARE

W ALGREENS

BIKEW A Y TO P ARK GREA TER COLUMBUS SQUARE

RESERVOIR AVENUE

RIPT A 7 7

CONGRES SAVE. ROGER WILLIAMS AVENUE WILLIAMS ROGER

ONTARIOST.

LEXINGTONAVE.

(source for basemaps: RI GIS)

ADELAIDEAVE. 4

GALLATINST.

SACKET TST. 3

2 1 LONGFELLOWST.

CADILLACDR.

6 INTERSTATE 95

LEGEND

FOCUS AREAS FATAL AUTO ACCIDENT ROGER WILLIAMS P ARK & ZOO INTERSECTION WITH IMPORTANT BUILDINGS TRAFFIC LIGHT

HIGH ACCIDENT CEMETERIES RANKING FATAL PEDESTRIAN INTERSECTIONS WITH THE ACCIDENT HIGHEST PEDESTRIAN COUNT

PA G E 2 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 3

GILBERT STUART ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

GREENWICH ST. GREENWICH KNIGHT MEMORIAL LIBRARY SCHOOL ZONE

DABOLL ST. DABOLL AVE.. PRINCTON

1

7

8

MAWNEY ST. MAWNEY

PUBLIC ST.

STANWOODST.

POT TERSAVE.

WHITMARCH ST. WHITMARCH

PLENTY ST. PLENTY W. FRIENDSHIP ST. FRIENDSHIP W. ELMWOOD AVENUE

BROAD STREET

BROAD STREET

Accidents & Dangerous Intersection Map

PA G E 2 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 3 Federal Initiatives

Safe Routes to School Programs can include: Safe Routes to School (SRTS) programs are sustained efforts by Walkability and bikeability audits of the safety of streets around schools parents, schools, community leaders and local, state, and federal governments to improve the health and well-being of children by Programs to improve sidewalk conditions near schools enabling and encouraging them to walk and bicycle to school. Use of traffic calming devices to slow traffic and give SRTS programs examine conditions around schools and pedestrians priority conduct projects and activities that work to improve safety and Programs that educate children on walking and biking accessibility, and reduce traffic and air pollution in the vicinity safely, and challenge them to walk or bike often of schools. As a result, these programs help make bicycling “Walking school buses” in which one or two parents and walking to school safer and more appealing transportation or volunteers escort a group of children on the walk to choices thus encouraging a healthy and active lifestyle from an school early age. Increased traffic enforcement around schools Successful Safe Routes programs may include policy develop- School construction that includes renovation and ment, planning and implementation of strategies such as improve- improvement of existing schools, and locating new ments to streets and sidewalks, education and encouragement of schools to reduce walking hazards and avoid major traffic threats children and parents, and increased enforcement of traffic laws. Cooperation among school officials, law enforcement officials, and transportation planners.

(source: www.saferoutesinfo.org)

PA G E 2 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 5 Complete Streets The Complete Streets movement represents a newer, bolder Change begins with the question, "What does each street user approach to making streets safe, accessible and multi-modal. — bicyclist, pedestrian, wheelchair user, bus rider — require Advocates have shifted their tactics: Instead of improving streets to move safely and comfortably in the street?" On a Complete one block or intersection at time, they are working towards new Street, car travel lanes are narrowed, curbside parking is reduced design standards that can be implemented on a grand scale or removed, and that space is repurposed as broader sidewalks, as streets come up for reconstruction or resurfacing. In much protected bike lanes, secure rights of way for buses and more the same way that the motor-vehicle lobby irrevocably altered pedestrian-oriented intersections. streetscapes in the early 20th century, Complete Streets advo- (source: Completing NYC Streets For The Next Century, cates are creating the blueprints for 21st century streets. Brooklyn Eagle, March 11,2008)

PA G E 2 4 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 5 Federal Initiatives

Green Streets Initiative Childhood Obesity Task Force The Green Streets Initiative is an international grassroots organi- The Childhood Obesity Task Force, convened by the White zation based in Cambridge, MA that celebrates, promotes, and House, has prepared an action plan: Solving the Problem of advocates for the use of alternative transportation. Childhood Obesity Within a Generation , defines "solving the problem of childhood obesity in a generation" as returning Through educational efforts, and the opportunity to experience to a childhood obesity rate of just 5 percent by 2030, which and practice alternative transportation, they help individual citi- was the rate before childhood obesity first began to rise in the zens, children, and families, discover how alternative modes of late 1970s. In total, the report presents a series of 70 specific transportation can enhance their lives by creating safe, healthy, recommendations, many of which can be implemented right friendly communities for all. away. The recommendations are summarized into five categories, one of which "Getting Children More Actively Fit" is more fully The Green Streets Initiative is best known for the creation of described below: monthly Walk/Ride Days. Walk/Ride Days occur on the last Friday of every month. The vision of Greenstreets is to create a Getting children a healthy start on life monthly city-wide party, which celebrates alternative transporta- Empowering parents and caregivers tion, gives people an opportunity to make community connec- Providing healthy food in schools tions, and promotes a festive local atmosphere. Improving access to healthy, affordable food, and, (source: www.gogreenstreets.org) Getting children more physically active through quality physical education, recess, and other opportunities in and after school; addressing aspects of the "built environment" that make it difficult for children to walk or bike safely in their communities; and improving access to safe parks, playgrounds, and indoor and outdoor recreational facilities.

(source: www.letsmove.gov)

PA G E 2 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 7 “We are discouraging transportation investments that negatively affect cyclists and pedestrians. And we are encouraging investments that go beyond the minimum requirements and provide facilities for bicyclists and pedestrians of all ages and abilities. To set this approach in motion, we have formulated key recommendations for state DOTs and communities: • Treat walking and bicycling as equals with other transportation modes. • Ensure convenient access for people of all ages and abilities. • Go beyond minimum design standards. • Collect data on walking and biking trips. • Set a mode share target for walking and bicycling. • Protect sidewalks and shared-use paths the same way roadways are protected (for example, snow removal) • Improve nonmotorized facilities during maintenance projects.

Now, this is a start, but it’s an important start. These initial steps forward will help us move forward even further.”

– Ray LaHood, United States Secretary of Transportation

PA G E 2 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 7 Statewide Planning

An excerpt from Transportation 2030 (2008 Update) Future pedestrian needs are staggering. Maintenance of existing RI Statewide Planning Program: crossings, signals, and sidewalks is daunting in and of itself. Achieving ADA compliance on all sidewalks is expected to cost Of 1,128 miles of state roads, 400 miles have sidewalks. It is not $65 million in Providence County alone (RIDOT Pedestrian known how many miles of sidewalks there are on local roads, Safety Plan). Improving safety (especially at crossings) and but they are generally found in most downtown areas and urban constructing new sidewalks are critical, and will require substan- neighborhoods. Suburbs and rural areas are typically lacking in tial state and federal funding and cooperation with local govern- sidewalk infrastructure. Although there is high demand for new ments and developers. Mixed use centers, commercial areas, sidewalks, many of these projects are prohibitively expensive due schools, and recreation areas should be prioritized. SAFETEA- to drainage, utility and right of way issues. In 2000, a Pedestrian LU (Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Safety Plan was drafted by the RI Department of Transporta- Act – A Legacy for Users) created a new Safe Routes To School tion to inform state and local agencies, the private sector and Program for kindergarten through eighth grade through which RI individuals how transportation policy, planning and practice is allocated $1 million per year for 5 years. The first project solici- can be integrated to better meet the walking needs of residents tation resulted in $1.8 million being awarded to ten communities and visitors. The plan encourages strong local initiatives in for a variety of infrastructure and non-infrastructure projects. identifying, planning, prioritizing and funding pedestrian improve- RIDOT and RI Statewide Planning share responsibility for imple- ments because most walking trips are local. The data analyzed menting this program. in this report show that most pedestrian fatalities occur while attempting to cross the street. Improving the walking infrastruc- ture has many benefits, including health, safety, and helping to Transportation 2030 did not identify Elmwood Avenue as meet environmental justice goals. a "congested highway" in 2000 and did not identify it as potentially congested in 2030. (VHB, updated 2008)

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East Providence, D-7 R P . A I " U P N I U F O E M

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encounter may vary. NeitherW RIDOT nor NBW, nor the cities and towns through which TthOe H . ² . R N VE B GGLES R R A D ESS N Y E D U ACC . . R C R R ?Æ D . K E designated roads pass, nor the groups and individuals who have contrRibDu.ted to the E V ² A G A ² V development of this bicycle guide warrant theKEsaTfety or suitability of the routes shown on the D C I E GATU Lily L AU R . S O !( L N R Pond map. Bicyclists must remain alert to traffic and changing road conditions and oLbey traffic New Harbor R I O Almy E T E RD N R H D V C A I BLOCK ISLAND E SAKONNET

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I T H UND . O d . S P D D h R t i d N PA G E 2 8 | ELMWOOD AVENUE u ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 2 9 J A t n i o L P SCARBOROUGH S

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Charles St. Mary’s ���������� Branch 246 7 ���������Street Cemetery Douglas Street

Street Pawtucket River North Bishop St. Cove Spring 122 1 Mirian Hospital Swan INTERSTATE Mineral 95 Point Cemetery Spring Avenue Blackstone Avenue 146 North Burial Main Avenue Hawkins Street Ground Rochambeau Avenue ����� Mount Admiral Silver Charles Smith ���������� Providence St. Mary’s Butler Branch College Hospital Street Avenue Street North Cemetery 7 Street Douglas Street Chapin LaSalle Rhode Island College Access Road Hospital Acadamy Cypress Street Bishop

Fruit Hill Fruit North Street Cove

Mt. Pleasant Mirian St. River Woonasquatucket 44 High School Home Ave. Hospital Swan INTERSTATE Whitford Avenue 95 Point Huxley Cemetery Hope Spring Avenue Triggs Blackstone Avenue Doyle Avenue Boulevard Avenue Memorial Maude St. Ashburton St. Golf Course 146 North Avenue Convent St. Oakland Seekonk River Pleasant Main Burial Moshassuck Avenue Acadamy PleasantGround Valley Parkway Avenue Hawkins Street Rochambeau Street Irving Mount Admiral Roger Williams Street Orms St. Olney Avenue Manton Silver Hospital Avenue Hope Avenue Smith Avenue Raymond St. High Providence State St. Street Butler School Moses Blackstone City of Providence College Brown Lloyd Chalkstone Hospital Avenue Street Park North Hope Taber 71202\ Boards\ BikePrv3.dwg 03-29-07 by dwhite... Street Veterans School Chapin State LaSalle Admin. Orms ParkOffices St. Drive Rhode Island College Access Road Hospital Med. Ctr. Francis Acadamy Cypress Canal Street State Avenue

Fruit Hill Fruit Street Avenue St. Avenue Street Capitol South

Mt. Pleasant River Killingly Woonasquatucket 44 Promenade St. Butler Ave. High School Home Ave. Manton Street Row St. S. Angel St. Gaspee Whitford Avenue Park Street River Huxley Hope Providence Pl. Prov. Triggs Avenue Place Avenue Boulevard Doyle Valley Kinsley Ave. Angell Avenue Memorial Maude St. Ashburton St. Golf Course Avenue Water Street 15 Avenue Convent St. Place Waterman Pitman Street Oakland Seekonk River Pleasant R.I. School Moshassuck

Atwells Hope

Acadamy of Design Pleasant Valley Parkway Avenue Convention Manton Street Center Irving East River Street Roger Williams Olney Main Brown RichlandEdgemereStreet Orms St. Avenue Manton Hospital Avenue Avenue Hope Dean University Gano Street AvenueCivic Avenue Raymond St. High6 Sabin St. Brook Street 246 ��������� Avenue State St. Center St. Street Woonasquatucket School Moses Blackstone Chalkstone 6 Brown Lloyd Dorrance Trees 2020 Putnam St. 10 Hope Park Veterans School Taber Empire StreetFountain St. Street State Street Park St. Pawtucket River Admin. Orms AppletonOffices St. ���������� Richmond St. Drive Med.Hartford Ctr. Hartford Francis Street 122 Canal Street Spring 1 Street Avenue State Avenue Weybosset

Avenue Glenbridge Ave. St. Avenue Street Park Capitol South Chestnut St. Killingly BroadwayMarshall INTERSTATE Mineral Promenade St. Butler Ave. Taunton Avenue Manton Street Row Narr. George Almy St. 95 Avenue St. S. Angel St. ���������� Petteys Avenue Gaspee St. Electric M. Cohen Barton 195 Trees 2020 is an initiative to increase Providence’s tree Since 1988, The Mary Elizabeth Sharpe Street Tree Endow- Providence Pl. Prov. RiverPark Street River Davol Place Westminster Street Square Valley Sunset Kinsley Ave. Angell Avenue Street Street Point St. India Point Water Hollywood Rd. INTERSTATE Avenue Place MesserWaterman St. Pitman Street Warren 195 R.I. School Dexter India St. Broadway Atwells Hope of Design Parade ����� Troy St. Oak St. Avenue Street Convention Street Bold Manton Eddy St. Center Broad Fox Charles Jewell St. cover to 30% by the year 2020, which will boost air and ment has matched Providence Parks Department funds Main East River Street Point 14 Brown RichlandEdgemere Point Avenue Avenue St. Mary’s Dean University Gano Street ���������� Branch Civic Magnolia St. Pilsudski St. 6 Sabin St. Street Brook Street Street Avenue Cemetery Center St. ���� 7 Webster Avenue Street Woonasquatucket Rhode Douglas 6 Avenue Dorrance Street Putnam St. 10 Island Neutaconkanut Empire StreetFountain St. Street Hospital Service Road 1 Street Street Bishop ����������Park ���������� North Appleton St. Richmond St. Avenue water quality, moderate temperatures, and improve public to provide sidewalk preparation, new soil, trees, and treeHartford Hartford Street 10 Wilkes Cove Providence Mirian St. Barre Street Avenue Weybosset Harbor Glenbridge Ave. Hospital Swan Plainfield ���������� INTERSTATE Park Chestnut St. Pier Point BroadwayMarshall INTERSTATE Avenue 95 Narr. George Taunton Avenue Almy St. 95 Cemetery Avenue ���������� CCRI Spring Petteys Avenue St. Pocasset Electric Blackstone M. Cohen Avenue Barton 1951 Avenue River Davol Cranston Street 117 Street health. Led by Groundwork Providence and the City of delivery at no cost to Providence residents who apply and Westminster Square Lyon North Sunset 146 Metacomet Burial Main Street Point PottersSt. India Point Public Hollywood Rd. INTERSTATE Golf Club Avenue Avenue Messer St. Warren 195 Eddy Hawkins Street Ground Avenue Dexter India St. Rochambeau Parade Broadway Mount Admiral Troy St. Oak St. Anthony Ave. Huntington Elmwood Silver Street Street Bucklin Street Bold Eddy St. AvenueFox Jewell St. Broad Point Providence, the effort will leverage the planting of 40,000 receive a NeighborhoodSmith Street Tree Planting Award. 14 Point Avenue Providence Butler Magnolia St. College Pilsudski St. Avenue Providence River Hospital Street Avenue Street North Street ���� Webster Avenue Rhode Chapin Avenue Street LaSalle Island Stanwood St. Sassafras Rhode Island College Access Road Hospital Neutaconkanut Hospital Point Acadamy Cypress Service Road 1 Park ����������

Fruit Hill Fruit Street 10 Avenue Providence Wilkes Broad

trees collectively by homeowners, land-owning institutions, Mt. Pleasant River Hawthorne St. Barre Woonasquatucket High School Home Ave. 44 Harbor Watchemoket Plainfield ���������� Allens Pier Cove Whitford Avenue Avenue Huxley Hope CCRI Triggs Avenue Pocasset Tongue Doyle Avenue Boulevard 1 Cranston Pond Memorial Maude St. Ashburton St. Elmwood 117 Street Golf Course Lyon Avenue and city-sponsored tree planting programs. A healthy tree Avenue Convent St. Metacomet Oakland Seekonk River Pleasant Moshassuck Potters Public Golf Club

Acadamy Kettle Eddy Pleasant Valley Parkway Avenue Irving Point Roger Williams Olney Street Anthony Ave. Huntington Street Avenue Elmwood

Orms St. Bucklin Street Manton Hospital Avenue Hope Avenue 2 Avenue Mashapaug Avenue Raymond St. High INTERSTATE State St. Pond Moses Street in your yard contributes to the urban tree canopy, which Street School Blackstone Avenue 95 Lloyd Providence River Chalkstone Brown Park Avenue Hope Taber Veterans State School Randalls Park St. Admin. Orms Stanwood St. Sassafras Street Offices Pond Spectacle Reservoir Drive Med. Ctr. Francis Point Canal Street Pond Polo State Avenue

Avenue St. Broad Lake Avenue Street Capitol South Hawthorne St. Killingly benefits the environment and all city residents. Manton Promenade St. Butler Ave. Street Row Watchemoket St. S. Angel St. Allens Gaspee Cove Street River Park Pontiac Fields Providence Pl. Prov. Tongue Avenue Place Angell Point Valley Kinsley Ave. Pond Montgomery Elmwood Pleasure Avenue Water Street Rosevelt Avenue Park Avenue Lake Lake Place R.I. School Waterman Pitman Street Avenue Cladrastis

Atwells Hope Rose of Design Ave. Kettle Avenue Avenue Convention Avenue Avenue Street tree planting is handled through the Providence Manton Center Point East River Street Roger Main Brown 10 RichlandEdgemere 2 Avenue Dean University Gano Street Williams Civic Mashapaug

Brook Street Park 6 Sabin St. INTERSTATE Avenue Center St. Pond Street Woonasquatucket Avenue 95 6 Dorrance Edgewood Putnam St. 10 Empire StreetFountain St. Street Randalls Lake Street Park Neighborhood Planting Program, a separate program Appleton St. ���������� Pond Street Hartford Hartford Street Richmond St. Spectacle Reservoir Pond Polo 1A Street Avenue Weybosset Avenue Norwood Avenue Glenbridge Ave. Lake 12 Park Chestnut St. Reservoir BroadwayMarshall INTERSTATE Narr. George Taunton Avenue Almy St. 95 Avenue ���������� Petteys Avenue St. Electric M. Cohen Avenue Barton 195 River Pontiac Fields Davol Avenue for Providence residents who wish to obtain curbside Street Square Sunset Westminster Montgomery Point Pleasure Park Elm Avenue Street Point St. India Point Rosevelt Avenue Hollywood Rd. Park INTERSTATE Lake�������� Lake Avenue Messer St. Warren 195 Avenue Lake Cladrastis Dexter India St. Avenue Broadway Rose Avenue Parade Avenue Troy St. Oak St. Street Street Bold Avenue Ave. Park Eddy St. Fox Jewell St. Broad Roger trees for their street at no cost to their neighborhood. 14 Point 10 Point Avenue Williams 1 Magnolia St. Pilsudski St. Street Park ���� Budlong Webster Avenue Avenue Street Rhode Edgewood Island Neutaconkanut Hospital Lake 1A Park Service Road 1 ���������� Park Avenue Wilkes The Providence Neighborhood Planting Program (PNPP) 10 Providence 1A Barre Harbor 12 Avenue Norwood Avenue Plainfield ���������� Pier Reservoir Avenue

Pocasset CCRI 1 Avenue Cranston 117 Street is a street tree planting and maintenance partnership Lyon Metacomet Park Elm Avenue Potters Public Golf Club �������� Lake Warwick Eddy Avenue Avenue Anthony Ave. Huntington Elmwood Avenue Bucklin Street Park between the Mary Elizabeth Sharpe Street Endowment, 1 Avenue Providence River

Budlong Stanwood St. Sassafras Point 1A ������� the City of Providence and the residents of Providence. Hawthorne St. Broad Watchemoket Allens Cove Tongue

Pond Elmwood

From 1989 to 2010t, the PNPP has planted over 7,000 Avenue

Kettle ���� Warwick Avenue Point Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 2 Mashapaug �������������������� Existing/Under Development Pond INTERSTATE 95 Street Proposed Bicycle Routes street trees with the assistance of neighborhood volun- Avenue Phase I Bicycle Route East Coast Greenway Randalls Providence, Rhode Island Pond Street Spectacle Reservoir �������Striped Bicycle Lane Pond Polo teers each spring and fall. Lake Phase II Bicycle Route

Pontiac Fields Avenue Montgomery Point Rosevelt Pleasure Avenue � ���� ���� ���� Lake Park Avenue Lake Cladrastis Rose Avenue ���� Avenue Ave. Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10 Roger Williams �������������������� Existing/Under Development Park Proposed Bicycle Routes Edgewood Phase I Bicycle Route East Coast Greenway Lake Park Providence, Rhode Island 1A Striped Bicycle Lane 12 Avenue Norwood Avenue Reservoir Phase II Bicycle Route

Avenue

Park Elm Avenue � ���� ���� ���� �������� Lake Excerpt from “Proposed Bicycle Routes”Avenue (VHB, 2007)Avenue shows Park 1

ElmwoodBudlong Avenue in red as a Phase 1 Bicycle Route.

PA G E 3 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE 1A ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 1 Warwick

�������

���� Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. �������������������� Existing/Under Development Proposed Bicycle Routes Phase I Bicycle Route East Coast Greenway Striped Bicycle Lane Providence, Rhode Island Phase II Bicycle Route

� ���� ���� ���� Elmwood Neighborhood

The Elmwood neighborhood, through a variety of community-based initiatives, is active in projects that are influenced by the condition of Elmwood Avenue.

Among the important and/or recent initiatives that affect Elmwood Avenue: designation of two National Historic Districts that touch the eastern side of Elmwood Avenue redevelopment efforts nearby by CommunityWorks Rhode Island, SWAP, Habitat for Humanity, and the West Broadway Neighborhood Association Elms for Elmwood Grace Cemetery master plan Southside Community Land Trust urban agriculture task force work in Locust Grove Cemetery construction of new RIPTA facilities ongoing efforts to initiate an Elmwood Avenue Business Association

The Elmwood Neighborhood Revitalization Plan

Sierra Club’s Complete Streets Initiative

development of bicycle routes and advocacy

PA G E 3 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 1

BIKEWAY TO PARK GREATER COLUMBUS SQUARE SCHOOL ZONE

COLUMBUS SQUARE

WALGREENS GILBERT STUART ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

GREENWICH ST. GREENWICH KNIGHT MEMORIAL LIBRARY

DABOLL ST. DABOLL AVE.. PRINCTON

RESERVOIR AVENUE

RIPTA

CONGRES SAVE. ROGER WILLIAMS AVENUE WILLIAMS ROGER

ONTARIOST.

(source for basemaps: RI GIS) RI basemaps: for (source LEXINGTONAVE. PUBLIC ST.

STANWOODST.

ADELAIDEAVE. POT TERSAVE.

WHITMARCH ST. WHITMARCH

PLENTY ST. PLENTY W. FRIENDSHIP ST. FRIENDSHIP W. ELMWOOD AVENUE GALLATINST.

SACKET TST.

BROAD STREET

LONGFELLOWST.

BROAD STREET

CADILLACDR.

INTERSTATE 95

ROGER WILLIAMS PARK & ZOO

LEGEND

FOCUS AREAS

IMPORTANT BUILDINGS

CEMETERIES

Key Locations For Improvement

PA G E 3 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 3

Recommendations

In the process of receiving input from the neighborhood in public meetings and interviews, three locations for improvements emerged as most important. While there are a series of general recommendations that can apply to the overall length of the street, this report will emphasize these three areas:

1. School Zone near the Knight Memorial Library

2. Columbus Square at the intersection of Elmwood Avenue and Reservoir Avenue

3. Elmwood Avenue Bikeway connecting the neighborhood safely to Roger Williams Park.

PA G E 3 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 3

Recommendations School Zone (top priority)

The area identified as the most important to make substantial changes is the School Zone and it is this area that the report identifies that Enhancement Funds should be primarily directed. The School Zone encom- passes a collection of neighborhood public facilities that bridge the two neighborhoods on each side of Elmwood Avenue: Elmwood and the West End. The School Zone is intended to provide greater safety and generous public access across and along Elmwood Avenue near the Gilbert Stuart Elementary School, Dexter Street Playground, Knight Memorial Library, and the Department of Human Services offices.

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GILBERT STEWART MIDDLE SCHOOL

HYPER ZONE

LIBRARY

EL M WO O D AV EN U E

SCHOOL ZONE BEGINS T. S Y E N AW M AT MAWNEY STREET SCHOOL ZONE BEGINS AT PLENTY STREET

ABOLLST. S L L O B DA

T. S E R O O M

ONA . E AV N TO E C N I R P

T. S H S R A M T I H W

School Zone

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Recommendations School Zone “Hyper” Block

The heart of the school zone is the area in front of the Knight Memorial Library. This “hyper” school zone encompasses the portion of the street that is the primary crossing area for school children and for visitors to the library. Improvements for the hyper school zone may include: an elevated road bed an “all cross” zone in front of the library pavement upgrades with textures or materials enhanced crosswalk markings school zone signs with permanent traffic speed display monitors bump outs at all corners loading zone in front of the library pedestrian walk lights that automatically change with the lights but also have push buttons to expedite light changes for crossing pedestrian-scaled light fixtures to replace cobra- head fixtures

PA G E 3 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 3 7 School Zone and Hyper Block (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

GILBERT STEWART MIDDLE SCHOOL

CONTINUOUS CROSSWALK ENHANSED RAMPS UP MARKING OR TEXTURE CROSSWALKS (OPTION)

LIBRARY

EL M WO O D AV EN U E

ABOLLST. S L L O B DA

T. S E R O O M

ONA . E AV N TO E C N I R P

T. S H S R A M T I H W

School Zone Hyper Block

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Recommendations Columbus Square

Columbus Square was the center of fashionable Recommendations for Elmwood during the early years of the neighborhood. Columbus Square The Slade Mansion, perhaps Providence’s largest resi- A long term plan for greater Columbus Square includes dence, was on the west side of Elmwood Avenue where a new traffic pattern that will provide safer pedestrian the Walgreen’s is now. Columbus Square was fronted crossing and an enhanced Columbus Square park. by large homes with front lawns that overlooked the The scope of this improvement is beyond that which small public square graced by the statue of Christopher can be achieved in the current RIDOT funding so both Columbus designed by Bartholdi (who was the sculptor the long-term vision and an interim step have been of the Statue of Liberty) and cast by the nearby Gorham indentified. Company. Many consider the statue the most artful of all the public sculptures in Providence and it remains in The short term plan includes: a public space that deserves a better setting. pedestrian control rails, such as those used In the early 20th Century, Columbus Square became in many cities, to direct pedestrians to safe crossing areas a center of automobile sales. The Slade Mansion was first subdivided and an auto showroom built on the seek to reduce the number, frequency, and size new parcel and it was later demolished to make way of curb cuts in the area to increase potential crosswalk areas for another showroom. Corner service stations also grew near the intersection of Elmwood Avenue and Reservoir Avenue.

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Columbus Szuare Expansion (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

REDUCE SHORTER, SAFER CURB CUTS PEDESTRIAN CROSSING

R E S E R VO I R AV E N U E

COLUMBUS SQUARE

ELMWOOD AVENUE

Columbus Square Expansion: Phase 1

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Recommendations Columbus Square

The long term plan includes: safer pedestrian crossings by shortening the distance across Elmwood Avenue and Reservoir Avenue new traffic pattern to direct inbound Reservoir Avenue traffic to Elmwood Avenue before Columbus Square this new traffic pattern allows an enhancement of parking and extension of Columbus Square park consider moving the statue of Christopher Columbus to a position facing east along Atlantic Avenue as the new focal point for the park located farther from the noisy intersection economic development that will likely occur with a safe, well-designed public space

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Columbus Square Expansion (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

RESERVOIRE AVE SHORTER, SAFER NARROWED TO 2-ONEWAY PEDESTRIAN CROSSING SOUTHBOUND LANES

R E S E R VO I R AV E N U E

COLUMBUS SQUARE

ELMWOOD AVENUE COLUMBUS STATUE ATLANTIC AVE CLOSED TO RELOCATED VEHICULAR TRAFFIC

Columbus Square Expansion: Phase 2

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Recommendations Elmwood Avenue Bikeway to Roger Williams Park

The construction of Interstate Highway 95 in the early Recommendations for the intersection include: 1960s broke the connection between the Elmwood bumpouts neighborhood (and the City of Providence) with the elimination of the right turn only “turbo front gate of Roger Williams Park. Connection to the lane” from the off ramp to Elmwood Avenue park is across a treacherous intersection at the off northbound (inbound) which would reduce the ramp of 95 south and Roger Williams Drive. It also pedestrian crossing distance by over fifty feet includes an inhospitable and debris-filled passage under the highway. Bikeway Option 1 In order to provide a greater connection to the park Creating space for the bikeway can be for the entire city, a bikeway is recommended for the accomplished by: southern end of Elmwood Avenue that would allow bicyclists, bladers, and pedestrians enhanced safe eliminating one row of car parking on the east access to the park. side (inbound) of the street

There are two options recommended for the bikeway. The bikeway configuration for option 1 includes: In both, reconfiguration of the intersection of a two-way bikeway along the eastern side of Elmwood Avenue at Roger Williams Drive and the 95 the street off ramp is necessary for pedestrian safety. Separation of the bikeways is accomplished with: a granite curb line separating traffic or parking from the bikeway (the curb could have intermittent gaps to allow the current drainage pattern to remain)

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Bike Path Zone (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

WA R R NI GTO N NS T.

S AC K E T TS T.

T H A R C K E R AYS T.

ELMWOOD AVENUE

L O N G F E L L O WS T.

CURBLINE SEPARATING BIKEWAY FROM PARKING

Bikeway Option 1

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Recommendations Elmwood Avenue Bikeway to Roger Williams Park

Bikeway Option 2 Creating space for the bikeway can be accomplished by: eliminate one inbound lane of traffic which is possible given the traffic counts that indicate only one lane of traffic is really necessary to accommodate the traffic volumes inbound from the park to Columbus Square.

The bikeway configuration for option 2: narrower bikeways on each side of the road with bicyclists travelling along with the traffic direction.

Separation of the bikeways is accomplished with: expedient and removable, but effective, devices such as quick-curbs, water-filled jersey barriers, or other dividers can be easily installed (not dissimilar to the way construction zones are protected)

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Bike Path Zone (source for basemaps: RI GIS)

WA R R NI GTO NS T.

S AC K E T TS T.

T H A R C K E R AYS T.

ELMWOOD AVENUE

L O N G F E L L O WS T.

Bikeway Option 2

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Recommendations Overall Length of Elmwood Avenue

Cross-section Recommendations:

Reconsider cross-section of Elmwood Avenue between Roger Williams Park Entrance and Reservoir Avenue to include bicycle accommodations. Conduct parking study to determine whether one parking lane could be eliminated.

Reconsider cross-section of Elmwood Avenue between Congress Street and Trinity Square to reduce from four to two through lanes and implement a two-way-left-turn lane. To evaluate this “road diet” scenario, an arterial analysis should be conducted to determine if the two- way-left-turn lane is warranted and whether the revised cross-section can accommodate the traffic volumes.

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Traffic Calming and Pedestrian Enhancements:

Include a series of curb bump-outs to calm traffic Install speed limit signs with radar speed detection and reduce the length of pedestrian crossing. panel. Investigate the potential to power with Bump-outs should be strategically placed and solar energy. should include the school zone. At school crossings, designate drop-off To better alert motorists, install colored cross- locations. Utilize in street school crossing walks. Consider installation of in-road flashing signs at crosswalks. crosswalk lights. Provide clearly designated bike routes for Install flashing LED crosswalk signs. Investigate the entire length of Elmwood Avenue using a whether these can be powered by solar energy. combination of segregated and shared bike lanes.

PA G E 4 6 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 4 7 Bring the Elms Back to Elmwood

Elmwood Avenue and the Elmwood neighborhood Among the aspects of the plan is the incorporation of the are named after the native American elm tree, Ulmus Elmwood Avenue Street Tree Inventory and Planting Plan americana. The elm was THE urban tree of America previously prepared by L+A Landscape Architecture in until the middle of the 20th century. It’s tall vase-shaped collaboration with the City of Providence City Forester, habit provided lofty shade, a cathedral-like civic space Doug Still. This plan considers current best practices beneath, and yellow fall foliage that added brightness which recommend against planting a monoculture of to the shortening autumn days. Elmwood Avenue was species which, in the event of a pathogen that attacks lined with elms on both sides of the street from Trinity one species of tree, would be decimated in such a case. Square to Roger Williams Park - the elms establishing Instead, current practice recommends planting a variety a green corridor linking the denser urban downtown of of species - and that is the recommendation in the plan. Providence to the city’s signature large green space, Along Elmwood Avenue from Columbus Square to Roger Roger Williams Park. Williams Park, however, a new long stretch of the street is recommended to be planted with new disease-resis- This green corridor was destroyed with the widening of tant elms whose canopies can once again shade the Elmwood Avenue in the late 1930s which also coincided neighborhood’s path to the park. with the replacement of trolleys with electric buses. The new street did not replace the generous and elegant civic realm that had defined Elmwood Avenue. Part of the work that is currently being undertaken is to restore, in some small way, the civic realm of this great street.

PA G E 4 8 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 4 9 Elmwood Avenue reinvisioned with mature elm trees, bike lanes, and safer crosswalks for pedestrians.

"The avenue’s aesthetic quality was determined by the large elms with which its route was lined, the frequent open spaces, and the large estates which fronted on it. Trinity Square, a spacious plaza edged by large Victorian churches and homes and focusing on the tree-framed superintendent’s cottage of Grace Church Cemetery, formed a dramatic entrance to Elmwood from the downtown."

–Statewide Historic Report: Elmwood 1979

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COMMUNITY WORKS RHODE ISLAND communityworksri.org

L+A LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE LplusA.net

RHODE ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

HURRICANE EVACUATION MAPS riema.ri.gov/hazards/hurricane_evac.php

HAZARD QUICK LINKS riema.ri.gov/hazards/hurricane.php

DEM: TMDL DOCUMENTS dem.ri.gov/programs/benviron/water/quality/rest/reports.htm

DEM 303d dem.ri.gov/pubs/303d/index.html

COMPLETE STREETS completestreets.org

GREEN STREETS INITIATIVE gogreenstreets.org

CHILDHOOD OBESITY TASK FORCE LetsMove.gov

SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL saferoutesinfo.org

PA G E 5 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 5 1 Bibliography

Elmwood Avenue Cultural Landscape Report, L+A Landscape Architecture, 2008 prepared for The Elmwood Foundation (now Community Works Rhode Island) with funding from the Antoinette Downing Fund, National Trust for Historic Preservation

Policies and Regulations, The City of Charlotte, Department of Transportation

Transportation 2030 (2008 Update) RI Statewide Planning Program

Statewide Historic Report: Elmwood 1979, Muench, S.T., Anderson, J.L., Hatfield, J.P., Koester, J.R., & Söderlund, M. et al. (2010).

Greenroads Rating System v1.0. (J.L. Anderson and S. T. Muench, Eds.). Seattle, WA: University of Washington.

PA G E 5 0 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 5 1 Pedestrian Corrals and Crosswalks

Pedestrian corrals and crosswalks Pedestrian corrals, crosswalks and median

Pedestrian corrals and crosswalks

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Bike Lanes

Appendix: Details and Examples

PA G E 5 2 | ELMWOOD AVENUE ELMWOOD AVENUE | PA G E 5 3 Barriers and Medians

Temporary water filled interlocking barriers Movable fence barrier

Jersey barriers filled and planted as median

Striped paint barrier with quick bollards Quick curb

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Tree trenches

Tree trench with aeration Appendix: Details and Examples

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COMMUNITYWORKS RHODE ISLAND Carrie Marsh, executive director Rachel Newman Greene, community strategies manager

L+A LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Ron Henderson, ASLA AIA, founding principal Tanya Kelley, project landscape architect, project director and community outreach Kate Dana, project assistant and graphic design

MCMAHON ASSOCIATES Maureen Chlebek, project manager

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