FORM 1 BASIC I FORMATIO
Sl. Item : Details o. 1 : White granite mine over an Extent of 9-21.0Ha S.F.No.2 of Pappankulam Village, Name of the Projects Ambasamudram Taluk, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu State. 2 S. No. in the schedule : 1(a) 3 New/Expansion/Modernization : Ongoing project. 4 Proposed capacity/area/length : Area:- 9-21.0 Hectares. The Total Proposed /tonnage to be handled/ command Capacity for the five years= 15229.870m3. area/lease area/number of well to be Production per annum 3046.000 Cbm. drilled 5 Existing capacity/Area etc. : 9.21.0 Ha. 6 : ‘A’ The Project area located within 5 km radious from the boundary of protected areas Category of the project i.e. ’A’or ‘B’ notified under the Wild Life(Protection) Act,1972. i.e Kallakadu – Mundanthurai Tiger Sanctuay 7 : Yes. It attracts general condition. Kalakadu- Does it attract the general condition? Mundanthurai Tiger Sancturay within 5 Km If yes, please specify. radius ie. 2.61 Km from the project site. 8 Does it attract the specific condition? : No ,Doesn’t attract any items mentioned in If yes, please specify. the special conditions 9 Location Plot/Survey/Khasara No : S. F .No. 2 Village : Pappankulam
Taluk : Ambasudram. District : Tirunelveli State : Tamil Nadu 10 : Ambasamudram Railway Station- Nearest railway station/airport along 4.8km(NW) with distance in Km Thirunelveli Junction – 27.8 km(NE) Madurai AirPort - 146.4 km(NW) 11 Nearest Town, City, District Town : Ambasamudram 3.6km Headquarters along with distance in City : Tirunelveli -27km Km Dist. Headquarters : Tirunelveli -27km Village Panchayats, Zillah Parishad, : Pappankulam village Panchayat, Municipal Corporation, Local body 12 Ambasamudram Taluk, (complete postal addresses with Thirunelveli District telephone nos. to be given)
1
13 Name of the applicant : Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited : No. 31,Kamarajar Salai, TWAD House, 14 Registered address Chepauk, Post Box No.2961, Chennai-600 005 : Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited, No. 31, Kamarajar salai, TWAD House, Address of correspondence Chepauk, Post Box No. 2961, Chennai- 600 005. Name : Thiru .M. Vallalar, I.A.S., Designation : Managing Director 15 (owner/partner/CEO)
: Tamil Nadu M inerals Limited, No. 31, Kamarajar salai, Address TWAD House, Chepauk, Post Box No.2961. Pin code : 600 005 e-mail : [email protected] Telephone No : 044 -28410382/28511972 Tele/Fax No. : 91-44-28511972 Details of alternative sites examined, : No alternatives site examined 16 if any Location of these sites should be shown on topo sheet. 17 Interlinked Projects : Nil 18 Whether separate application of : No interlinked project has been submitted? 19 If yes, date of submission : Not Applicable 20 If no, reason : Since it is granite Quarry operation only. 21 Weather the proposal involves : No approval/clearance under: If yes, a).The Project site is located at details of the same and their status to PappankulamVillage, Ambasamudram Taluk, be given. Tirunelveli District. The Project site does not a) The Forest (conservation) fall in forest land and activities. Hence, the Act, 1980? Project does not attract the Forest (Conservation) Act 1980.
b) The Wildlife (Protection) b) Kallakkad - Mundanthurai Tiger Sanctuary Act , 1972? situated at 2.83 km. Hence this project attracts the wildlife (protection) Act 1972. c) The C.R.Z Notification, c) The proposed project is away from the 1991? coast and it doesn’t attract under CRZ Notification
2
22 Whether there is any government : Mining Lease was granted in G.O.3 (D). order/policy relevant/relating to the No.10 Industries (MME.1) Department, site? dated: 23.01.2004, for 20 years from 23.01.2004 to 22.01.2024. 23 Forest land involved (ha) : Nil (Non -forest land)
24 Whether there is any litigation : pending against the project and/or land which the project is proposed to be sent up? . Name of the court No . Case No . Order/direction of the court, if any and its relevance with the proposed project
II. ACTIVITY
1. Construction, operation or decommissioning of the Project involving actions, which will cause physical changes in the locality (topography, land use, changes in water bodies, etc.)
Sl. Information/checklist Yes Details thereof(with approximate o. confirmation / quantities/ rates, wherever possible) with o source of information data
1.1 Permanent or temporary change in Yes The process involves drilling and Controlled land use, land cover or topography blasting for Granite mining. Afforestation including increase in intensity of will be carried out as per mining plan in a land use (with respect to local land Phased manner. use plan)
1.2 Clearance of existing land, No Not required, Since the project is rocky, vegetation and buildings? vacant and uncultivable area. Except few shrubs and weeds which will be cleared for mining operations.
1.3 Creation of new land uses? Yes The existing land use will be altered and beautified with vegetation and proper road layouts.
1.4 Pre-construction investigations e.g. No Not Applicable. Since, no major bore holes, soil testing? construction activity involved in the mining lease area
3
1.5 Construction works? No The project does not need any construction works.
1.6 Demolition works? No Nil, Any demolition does not arise in construction activities. In the operational phase drilling and controlled blasting for granite will be carried out.
1.7 Temporary sites used for No No, major construction activities involved. construction works or housing of Mine office, store and first aid shed are construction workers? proposed during operation phase in semi permanent structures.
1.8 Above ground buildings, structures No The project does not involve any construction or earthworks including linear process. structures, cut and fill or excavation
1.9 Underground works including No Open cast, semi -mechanized mining involves mining or tunneling? drilling and Controlled blasting for granite quarrying.
1.10 Reclamation works? Yes It is proposed not to back fill the u ltimate pit, in as much as good quantity of reserves is available below the workable depth of 30 m and there is possibility of technology up gradation in future for economic granite mining for greater depths. The pit boundaries shall be safely fenced and used for pisci culture when the pit is filled with rain waters.
1.11 Dredging? No Not Applicable 1.12 Offshore structures? No Not Applicable 1.13 Production and manufacturing Yes As a granite quarry project, the process processes? involves Site Preparation, controlled blasting or diamond wire cutting for separation and splitting up of granite blocks, loading of granite blocks and transportation to granite processing units or to the destination of the buyers.
1.14 Facilities for storage of goods or No The mined out granite blocks will be materials? immediately transported to the factories or buyers destination.
1.15 Facilities for treatment or disposal Yes Over burden, side burden, rock fragments and of solid waste or liquid effluents? rubbles generated as granite rejects during production works and the country rock fragments during development works are proposed to be dumped in the North eastern 4
side of the mining area. Suitable variety of soil brought from outside will be utilized for green zone development and rehabilitation of over burden dumps. Domestic Sewage of 1.12 KLD shall be treated in septic tanks followed by soak pit and No trade effluent shall be generated.
1.16 Facilities for long term housing of No No housing facili ty will be provided, as operational workers? laborers from the nearby villages will be employed for the mining operation.
1.17 New road, rail or sea traffic during No The Existing transport facilities will be construction or operation? utilized for the proposed project.
1.18 New road, rail, air waterborne or No other transport infrastructure including new or altered routes and The Existing transport facilities will be station, ports, airports etc? utilized for the proposed project.
1.19 Closure or diversion of existing No transport routes or infrastructure leading to changes in traffic The project will not cause any changes in the movements? existing traffic movements.
1.20 New or diverted transmission lines No The project does not involve any diversion or pipelines? of transmission/pipelines.
1.21 Impoundment, damming No culverting, realignment or other changes to the hydrology of No aquifers present inside the mine lease watercourses or aquifers? area.
1.22 Stream crossings? No No streams passing through the mine lease area. 1.23 Abstraction or transfers of water Yes Fresh water 2.3 KLD will be used for from ground or surface waters? domestic purposes, Dust suppression and Drilling purposes through Pappankulam Village Panchayat.
1.24 Changes in water bodies or the land No There will not be any changes in the water surface affecting drainage or run- bodies or the land surface affecting drainage off ? or run-off 1.25 Transport of personnel or materials No The mined out stones will be transported to for construction, operation or the site as required through existing decommissioning? roadways. 1.26 Long -term dismantling or No No long term dismantling or decommissioning or restoration decommissioning is involved in this project. works?
5
1.27 Ongoing activity during No decommissioning which could have Since it is a quarrying operation only. an impact on the environment?
Influx of people to an area in either 1.28 No Does not arise. temporarily or permanently?
1.29 Introduction of alien species? No The project mining activity does not introduce any alien species.
1.30 Loss of native species or genetic No The mining activity involves clearing of diversity? minor shrubs and weeds and does not cause loss of native species or genetic diversity.
1.31 Any other actions? No Temporary approach road have already been formed.
2. Use of atural resources for construction or operation of the Project (such as land, water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non renewable or in short supply)
Land especially undeveloped or Yes Undeveloped rocky barren land. 2.1 agricultural land (ha)
2.2 Water (expected source & competing Yes Total Water Requirements-2.3KLD users) unit: KLD through Pappankulam Village Panchayat. 2.3 Minerals(MT) No Not Applicable, it is a mining project Construction material –stone ,aggregates, No 2.4 sand/soil(expected source-MT) Not Applicable, it is a mining project
2.5 Forest and timber (source -MT) No Nil It is a mining project 2.6 Energy including electricity and fue ls Yes Diesel will be utilized for operating (source, competing users) compressors and other machineries. Unit: fuel(MT),energy(MW) Diesel usage will be 1000 lit/month.
2.7 Any other natural resource(use No Nil appropriate standard units)
6
3.Use,storage,transport,handling or production of substances or materials, which could be harmful to human health or the environment or raise concerns about actual or perceived risks to human health.
3.1 Use of substances or materials , No which are hazardous (as per MSIHC rules) to human health or No hazardous substances are utilized the environment (flora fauna, and for the Project activity. water supplies)
3.2 Changes in occurrence of disease No or affect disease vectors (e.g. insect or water borne diseases) Does not arise
3.3 Affect the welfare of people No The project will provide direct and e.g. by Changing living conditions? indirect employment and thereby improve the economic standard of people in the surrounding villages.
3.4 Vulnerable groups of people who No Could be affected by the Project Does Not Arise. hospital patients, children the elderly etc. 3.5 Any other causes No Nil
4. Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or decommissioning (MT/month)
The mine waste includes over burden side burden, rock fragments and rubbles generated as granite rejects during production works and the Spoil, over burden or mine wastes country rock fragments generated 4.1 Yes during development works. The wastage of approx. 101532.475m3 for the five years generated during, drilling as per the scheme of mining.
4.2 Municipal waste(domestic and or No No Domestic waste will be generated commercial wastes) in the proposed project
7
4.3 Hazardous wastes (as per Hazardous No This project will not produce any waste Management rules) hazardous waste.
4.4 Other industrial process wastes No No waste other than items mentioned in 4.1
4.5 Surplus product No No Surplus product will be generated.
4.6 Sewage sludge or other sludge from No Sewage generated will be treated in effluent treatment septic tanks followed by soak pit. No trade effluent shall be generated
4.7 Construction or demolition wastes No Does not involve any construction or demolition activities
4.8 Redundant machinery or equipment No Nil
4.9 Contaminated soils or other materials No Machineries will be maintained in good working condition and measures will be taken to prevent oil spillage. Thus this project will not cause any soil contamination.
4.10 Agricultural wastes No Not Applicable
4.11 Other solid wastes No This project will not produce any other solid waste except the over burden, side burden, rock fragments and rubbles generated as granite rejects during production works.
8
5. Release of pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substance to air (kg/hr)
5.1 Emissions from combustion of Yes Emission expected from mining fossil fuels from stationary or machineries and transportation vehicles. mobile sources
5.2 Emissions from production Yes Dust emission during Drilling and processes Controlled blasting and which will be controlled by sprinkling of water at regular interval.
5.3 Emission from materials handling No Vehicles transporting the materials including storage or transport within the project site will be the only source of emission. Water will be sprinkled at regular time intervals in order to suppress dust emission. The vehicles will be maintained in good condition in order to reduce the emission as per the norms.
5.4 Emissions from construction No No, Does not involve any construction activities including plant and activities. equipment
5.5 Dust or odors from handling of Yes Does not involve any construction materials including construction activities. Dust emission is envisaged materials sewage and waste during handling, storage and transport; Dust will be suppressed by sprinkling water at regular time intervals. Sewage generated will be treated in septic tanks followed by Soak pit.
5.6 Emission from incineration of No Does not arise. waste
5.7 Emission from burning of waste in No Nil open air (e.g. slash materials, construction debris)
5.8 Emission from any other sources No Nil.
9
6. Generation of noise and vibration and Emission of Light and Heat:
6.1 From operation of equipment Yes Noise and Vibration from other mining e.g engines, ventilation plant, equipments, will be controlled through best crushers operating practices and proper maintenance at regular intervals.
6.2 From industrial or similar No Not Applicable. processes It is a mining project
6.3 From construction of demolition No Not Applicable
It is a mining project
6.4 From blasting or piling Yes Blasting will be carried out a maximum of 10 Mins /day. Controlled blasting will be done in the Morning and evening hours. 6.5 From construction or Yes This project is having operational traffic for operational traffic loading of mined materials. This will be regulated to avoid noise & emission.
6.6 From lighting or cooling No Not Applicable systems
6.7 From any other sources Yes Vehicles transporting materials will Contribute noise that to intermittent.
7. Risk of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the ground or into sewers, waters, ground or into sewers, surface waters, groundwater, coastal waters or the sea
No Explosives such as gelatin, delay detonators etc, may also be used 7.1 From handling, storage use or occasionally at places further away spillage of hazardous materials from the granite deposit for certain development works such as forming approach roads. From discharge of sewage or other Yes Sewage generation will be treated in effluents to water or the land septic tanks and disposed through soak 7.2 (expected mode and place of pit. No trade effluent will be generated discharge) from the proposed project.
10
No The dust emission envisaged during By deposition of pollutants 7.3 handling and transportation of materials emitted to air into the land or into will be suppressed by sprinkling water at water regular intervals
No As efficient management plan is 7.4 proposed for the project, it will not have For any other sources any significant long term impact on the surrounding environment.
Is there a risk of long term build No Nil 7.5 up of pollutants in the environment from these sources?
8. Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect human health or the environment
8.1 From explosions, spillages, Yes Explosives such as gelatin, delay detonators etc fires etc from storage, may also be used occasionally at places away handling, use or production from the granite deposit for certain development works such as forming approach of hazardous substances roads to the working faces below ground level for forming flat surfaces to be used as dumping yard etc . The explosives required for this mine is obtained from the authorized licensed dealer for which necessary permission will be obtained from the authority concerned. The blasting will be under the direct supervision of the statutory persons of TAMIN.
8.2 From any other causes No Only shallow mining is proposed the project, hence it will not cause any risk due to blasting or subsidence. Due care will be taken during mining with the statutory supervisors person approved the Director of Mines Safety.
8.3 Could the project be Yes The project area falls under Seismic Zone –III affected by natural disasters (IS 1893-1984). Further it is not in a flood causing environmental prone, cyclone or land slide prone areas. damage (e.g. floods, During flood season quarrying operation will earthquakes, landslides, be suspended or discontinued if required. cloudburst etc)?
11
9. Factors which should be considered (such as consequential development) which could lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing or planned activities in the locality:
9.1 Lead to development of supporting. The project will not lead to Facilities, ancillary development or development of supporting utilities development stimulated by the project No since existing roads will be used for which could have impact on the transport. environment e.g:
.Supporting infrastructure (roads, power supply, waste or wastewater treatment, etc.) Manual/semi mechanized mining . Housing development by deployment of Local people. No .Extractive industries
.Supply industries
.Others
9.2 Lead to after-use of the site, which Yes Pits created during operation can be could have an impact on the used as rain water harvesting environment structures. Number of trees removed from the blasting sites will be replaced with new saplings.
9.3 Set a precedent for later developments. No Not arise.
9.4 Have cumulative effects due to No Any possible negative impact due to proximity to other existing or planned dust emission will be suppressed by with similar effects. Spraying water.
12
(III) E VIRO ME TAL SE SITIVITY
Sl. ame/ Aerial distance(within 15 km) o. Areas Identity Proposed Project location boundary 1 Areas protected under international conventions national or local No ecological, Landscape, cultural or No legislation for their ecological other related value area in 15 km radius. landscape, cultural or other related
2 Areas which are important or Manimutharu Dam -5.6 km(NE) sensitive for ecological reasons – Manimutharu River -5.4km(NE) Wetlands, watercourses or other No Kallakkad Reserve Forest-5.6 km water bodies, coastal zone, Mundanthurai Kallakkad Tiger biospheres , mountains, forests Sanctuary- 2.61 km Areas used by protected, important or sensitive species of flora or fauna No No Significant Species for breeding nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering, migration
4 Inland, coastal, marine or underground waters There is no inland, Coastal and Marine or No underground waters around the site.
5 State, National boundaries There is no State National Boundaries are No crossing within 5 km radius. 6 Routes or facilities used by the No public for access to recreation or Not Applicable. other tourist, pilgrim areas 7 Defense installation No Not Applicable.
8 Densely populated or built-up area Yes Village located at an aerial distance of 0.5 km from the project site.
9 Areas occupied by sensitive Yes Hospital: manmade land uses (hospitals, 1.St. Michael Hospital,Singampatty - Schools, places of worship, 2.30 km(SW) community facilities ) 2.Dr. Muthukumar Hospital, Kalladaikurichi-1.6 km (NW). School : 1) St. Michael Primary School, Singampatty,-2.3 km (SW). 2) Tilak Vidyalaya Hr. Sec.School Kallidaikurichi,-1.36 km(NW).
13
Temple : 1) Sree Bagalamukhi Devi Temple, South Pappankulam, -1.7 km (SE) 2) Rahmath Jummah Mosque, Kalladaikurichi, -1.5 km(NW)
10 Areas containing important ,high No There is no high quality or scarce quality or scarce resources (ground resources. water resources, forestry, agriculture, fisheries, tourism ,minerals)
11 Areas already subjected to pollution No Not Applicable or environmental damage (those where existing legal environmental standards are exceeded)
12 Areas susceptible to natural hazard Yes The area under study falls in Zone –III, which could cause the project to according to the Indian Standard Seismic present environmental problems Zoning MAP. (earthquakes subsidence, landslides, erosion, flooding for extreme or adverse climatic condition)
“I hereby given undertaking that the data and information given in the application and enclosures are true to the best of my knowledge and belief and I am aware that if any part of the data and information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any stage, the project will be rejected and clearance given, if any to the project will be revoked at our risk and cost.’’
Date: Signature of the applicant GE ERAL MA AGER Place: Chennai - 5 Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited No.31, Kamarajar Salai, TWAD HOUSE, Chepauk, Chennai-600005.
14
IV) Proposed TOR (Terms of Reference)
Terms of Reference (TOR) for preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan for “Mining of Minerals” as per the EIA Notification, 2006 has been devised to improve the quality of the reports and facilitate decision-making transparent and easy. TOR will help the project proponents and consultants to prepare report with relevant project specific data and easily interpretable information. TOR for mining of minerals is expected to cover all environmental related features.
1. Introduction
Profile of the Project Proponent, name and contact address, Implementing Organization, Organizational Chart, Project Consultants etc., should be mentioned clearly.
Land description-plot / survey / khasra numbers, village, tehsil, district, state and extent of the land must be mentioned clearly. The Project site should conform to the CRZ guideline or modification s or stipulations made by the Central / State Government as applicable.
The proponent should confirm that the project meets all Centre / State /Local regulations and standards applicable for mining of minerals and allied activities.
Any litigations pending against the proposed project and / or any directions or orders passed by any count of law / any statutory authority against the project are to be detailed out.
2.Project Description Background of the project:
Location of the project (Longitude, Latitude, Revenue village, Tehesil, District, State, nearest Railway Station, Airport, and MSL)
Objective of the project (captive mine, standalone etc) whether it is new or expansion (Increase in ML area or increase in annual production) or modernization. Proposed use of minerals (sale, use as intermediates or raw materials). Any change in technology proposed should be specified.
15
Location of National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Migratory routes of wild animals etc., within 10 km of mine lease area should be authenticated by the Chief Wild life Warden.
Project details should include:
Overall note on minerals reserves, rated capacity, life of the mine.
If the lease area / buffer zone is ecologically fragile, a detailed justification is to be given.
Period of mining lease and calendar programme of ore and waste production.
Status and stages of other regulatory clearances like approval of mining plan, forest clearance, consent to establish from State Pollution Control Board etc.
Solid waste dumping strategy and management.
Energy demand / specific energy consumption.
Water requirement and reliability of its supply.
Manpower recruitment.
Capital cost estimate.
Market conditions vis a visa validity of the project.
Essential Toposheets / Maps to be provided with TOR application.
Topographical map.
A topographical map 1:25,000 scale (if not available in 1:50000) of the study area (core zone and 10 km area of the buffer zone from boundary of the core zone) delineating the major topographical features such as land use, drainage, locations of habitats, major constructions including roads, railways, pipelines, major industries if any in the area are to be mentioned.
A topographical map, covering aerial distance of 15 km from the proposed project location and delineating environmental sensitive areas as specified in Form of EIA Notification.
16
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) / slope / Contour maps /contour / slope maps, as required for the study of core zone and site plan of the area showing the various proposed break-up of the land.
Description of the project site, geology, topography, hydrology, climate, transport and connectivity, demographic aspects, socio-cultural and economic aspects, villages, settlements, meteorological data.
Geology (Regional and Local).
Reserves and quality of the ore with chemical composition (Grade of Percentage). Associated minerals, if any, should be mentioned.
Deposit condition such as ore strength, host rock strength, shape, grade, dip, size, uniformity and depth.
General description of the project with ancillary operations such as crushing, beneficiation etc.
Surface geological plan in the lease hold area, transverse section of mineral deposits, contour maps at intervals of not more than 03 meters.
Break up of land use of lease hold area.
Type (Open cast, Underground or Both) and method of mining (Manual, semi- mechanized or mechanized).
Nearness to a large water body.
Mode of transportation of ore and waste.
Hydrology of the area and calculation for mine seepage water and Ground water draw down.
17
Open Cast Mining
Deposit conditions.
Working depth (below ground level and Mean Seal Level)
Mining Plan (Height and Width of the benches in over burden, ore body, proposed inclination / slope of the sides).
Surface plan showing mine working 5 th year, 10 th year, 15 th year, 20 th year 25 th year, 30 th year as per the approved mine plan.
Type of blasting, drilling and explosives.
Detail of machineries) mining, transportation, and material handling) with production capacity.
Plan for backfilling of mine pit.
Overburden dumps stability study and reclamation.
General Features
Surface drainage pattern at mine site (modification / diversion in the existing drainage pattern).
Mineral transportation outside mining lease area (road, rail, conveyor, rope way, water way, pipeline, others etc.)
Beneficiation, Crushing, Processing etc. (process flow).
Township description, (area dwelling units, distance from mine, distance of water bodies).
Power and water supply.
3. Description of the Environment Baseline Environmental Status
Environmental data to be collected in relation to proposed mining would be: (a) land (b)water (c) air (d) biological (e) noise and vibration (f) socio economic (g) health environment etc.
18
a) Study area
Study area for the mining projects should be defined as follows:
Mine lease area should be the “core zone”.
10 km radius from the boundary limits of the mine lease area of more than 50 hectares should be the “buffer zone”.
5 km radius from the boundary limits of mine lease area of 5.50 hectares should be “buffer zone”.
Maps (appropriate scale) of the study area (core and buffer zone), clearly delineating the locations of various monitoring stations (air / water / noise / soil), superimposed on locations of habitats are to be shown.
Monitoring and testing should be done as per guidelines of CPCB / MOEF. b) Land Environment Pre-mining land use pattern of (agricultural land / forest land / grazing land / waste land / water bodies / settlement) of the area is to be detailed out. Details of mineral resources, geological status of the study area and the deposit to be worked, ultimate working depth and progressive stage wise working plan / scheme until the end of the mine life should be mentioned on the basis of the approved rates capacity and calendar plan (s) of production. From the approved mining plan, geological maps should be drawn. c) Land
Baseline data on land, of mine leased-areas is to be described. Total land available and proposed utilization for different purposes including built-up area be given. Justification of the use of area is to be given. d) Topography
Topography the study are through topographical maps (1:50000), showing all relevant details required for assessment of the proposed activities. Description in relation to following be given.
Slope and elevation.
19
Natural drainage pattern and water bodies.
Land use pattern (habitation, cropping, forest cover, ecologically sensitive features etc. by employing remote sensing techniques (If available). e) Geology
Geology of the area is to ascertain sensitivity. It also defines the layers of geological formations, from which the permeability and possible faults and fissures can be known. f) Soil
The study should include.
Soil quality at representative monitoring stations (type, classification, soil characteristics etc).
Fertility status of soil samples.
Pre-mining land use pattern, cropping pattern, vegetarian cover etc. (remote sensing data) g) Air Environment
The study should include the following.
Climate and meteorology (temperature (max and min.), relative humidity, and rainfall) indicate the nearest IMD meteorological station from which climatological data have been obtained.
Wind rose (Wind directions and speeds, 24 hourly data).
Air quality monitoring data in respect of SPM, RSPM, SO2, NOX, CO, Heavy Metals in SPM (Mineralogical) Fe, Mn, Pb, etc.), any other project specific pollutants. Monitoring should cover one full season except monsoon. Frequency and methodology adopted should be as per CPCB / MOEF guidelines.
Monitoring stations are to be located based on dominating wind directions, habitations and e\terrain features in the study area. The monitoring stations should cover upwind. Down wind, cross wind, core zone and sensitive areas.
20
h) Water Environment
Sources of water (river, ground water, mine water, other surface water), their requirement, and utilization for various operational need of the project, at different stages are to be discussed.
A detailed water balance should be provided. The breakup of water requirement as per different activities in the mining operations should be given separately. Approval of competent authority for utilization of ground and surface water should be provided.
Surface Water
Locations of representative monitoring stations showing direction and distance from the mine lease site.
Details of rivers, springs, lakes, reservoirs and drains up to first order in study area.
Physio-chemical analysis including heavy metals, biological, bacteriological characterization for assessment of water quality. Water quality of water body with respect to upstream and downstream should be covered.
Delineation of water sheds and water drainage pattern in the study area using remote sensing satellite imageries.
Surface water balance (withdrawal of surface water and release of mine drainage water).
Lean season flow of the nallah from where water is drawn.
Ground Water
Ground water potential, recharge and budgeting.
Hydrogeology and aquifer characteristics of the area.
Grounds water quality, ground water potential of the area and its availability ground water table (pre monsoon and post monsoon).
21
The details of locations of ground water observation wells with respect to core zone should be described.
The monitoring stations should cover the whole study area.
Water bodies existing and water bodies likely to be created due to mining activities.
Water requirement and waste water bodies likely to be created due to mining activities.
Water requirement and waste water generation from various activities of mine. i) oise Environment
Locations of monitoring stations for noise measurements in accordance with the direction and distance from the sources and habitations.
Day-time and night-time noise level monitoring (leq).
Vibration and air over pressure, caused due to blasting, transport and process equipments, wherever applicable
Flora
Detail description of vegetation type ;in core and buffer zone (include photography).
Assessment of plant species with respect to their dominance, density, frequency, abundance, diversity index, similarity index, importance value Index.
Location of National Parks, Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Tiger Reserve, Elephant Reserve, wild life migratory routes in core and buffer zones.
Fauna
Assessment of fauna and avi-fauna.
List out endangered and endemic species as per the schedule of the Wildlife protection Act, 1972. 22
k) Socio Economic Environment
Data on demography, traditional skills, sources of livelihood within the study area.
Socio-economic profile of the people with in 2, 5 and 10 km from the mine.
Human settlement, health status, sources of livelihood.
Waste Generation
The Report should cover the following
Solid waste from mining and processing operations, their quality and quantity (overburden, low-grade ore etc.) Quantity and quality of associated minerals and possible recovery.
Top soil quantity, quality and its management
Recovery and recycling possibilities
Site features of locations possibilities.
Site features of locations of waste storage and disposal
Solid waste generation from Effluent Treatment Plant township, hospitals etc.
4. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures
a) Land Environment
Anticipated Impacts :
Impact on topography, drainage pattern, land use with respect of agriculture, forestry, built-up area etc.
Impact on soil quality and agriculture, soil erosion.
23
Mitigation Measures :
Plan for restoration / rehabilitation of mined-out area
Technological measures to prevent soil erosion from core and buffer zones.
Plantation / afforestation of local varieties of plants
Measures to control and conserve runoff from various locations.
Landscaping, plantation, afforestation to minimize adverse visual and noise impact. b) Air Environment
Anticipated Impacts
Emission Inventory of SPM, RSPM, SO2, NOX, and site specific pollutants
Prediction of fugitive dust emissions due to mining activities, crushing and cleaning plants, loading and unloading, transportation by rail, road or conveyor.
Impact of fugitive dust emission of flora and fauna Prediction of impact on ambient air quality using appropriate mathematical model.
Mitigation Measures;
Measures to reduce the emissions of pollutants during mining, loading, unloading, transportation, drilling, crushing etc. to maintain the air quality
Adoption scientific mining methods to reduce dust emission from point and line source
Planned green belt development
c) Water Environment (Surface and ground water)
Anticipated Impacts
Impact on ground water regime / streams / lake / springs due to mining, to be assessed from hydro-geological study.
Impact of water drawal on surface ground water resources.
24
Impact on surface and ground water quality due to discharges from mining, tailings pond, workshop, township, leachate from solid waste dumps etc.
Ingress of sea water, particularly for mining projects in coastal areas.
Mitigation Measures:
Measures to minimize contamination of surface and ground water.
Construction of gully checks, check dams, sedimentation ponds, settling tanks, water weirs, retaining walls etc. with design and site features for control of run-off.
Mine water treatment for meeting the prescribed standard
Steps to minimize impact on water table if mining intercepts groundwater regime.
d) oise Environment
Anticipated Impacts:
Prediction of noise level a different representat5ive monitoring stations.
Impact of vibrations including damage to materials / structures due to blasting.
Impact on ambient noise level due to rock excavation, transportation, processing equipments and ancillaries’.
Mitigation Measures:
Measures for noise abatement including point source and line source.
Measures to minimize effect by blasting.
Lay out planning to minimize the impact on receiving environment.
Planned preventive maintenance.
Selection of low noise equipment failing which use of retrofit for existing equipment.
25
e) Biological
Anticipated Impacts (Flora and Fauna):
Impact on forest resources, economically important plants, medicinal plants and threat to rare, endemic and endangered species.
Impact on terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity.
Impact on wildlife including avi-fauna.
Impact on wildlife habitat and migratory corridors.
Mitigation Measures:
Measures to compensate the low of forest coverage. Measures for protection and conservation of wildlife species. Green belt and its raising schedule Progressive afforestation in overburden, reclaimed mined ;out areas
f) Socio Economic Environment
Anticipated Impacts
Displacement of human settlements during the life of the mine.
Positive and negative impacts on present status of livelihood in the area
Impact on the cropping pattern and crop productivity in the buffer zone.
Impact on community resources such as grazing land.
Mitigation Measures:
Rehabilitation and resettlement of land oustees and displaced people.
Compensation for loss of land and crops.
Training to locals for employment in the project.
Employment opportunities and access to other amenities such as education, health care facilities to be extended to locals.
26
g) Mine Wastes
Anticipated Impacts:
Loss of Vegetation and wildlife habitat. Impact on surrounding agricultural land. Impact to ground water quality due to leachate Impact of hazardous wastes and liquids. Mitigation Measures:
Land reclamation and mine closure plan. Overburden dumps stabilization to minimize impact due to runoff. Municipal solid waste management. Measures to control runoff from waste dumps and mining surface. Hazrdous waste management as per regulatory guidelines.
5) Environmental Monitoring Program
Monitoring of quality of after, air, noise, vibration and occupational health status of project personnel and surrounding habitations.
Planned monitoring program to evaluate the effectiveness of various / specific aspects of technological / mitigation measures.
Environmental audit of various activities including budgeting and financial management with reference to environmental management.
Hydrogeological monitoring for the entire mine life and restrictive monitoring during reclamation.
Plantation monitoring programme to ensure survival and growth rate of plantations.
Analysis of data, its interpretation and evaluation (any additional studies to be carried out if required).
Mine closure plan along with the fund requirement for implementation of the activities proposed there under. 27
6. Additional Studies
a) Public consultation
Public hearing with the issues raised by the public and the response of the project proponent in tabular form should be discussed.
7. Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP)
Mining activities are always associated with risk relating to hazards and accidents. Therefore risk analysis and risk mitigation should be clearly indicated in the report. This should include the following:
Identification and type of risk associated with mining (slope failure, subsidence, fly rock fragments, fires, toxic / hazardous / flammable gas release / explosion, inundation etc.).
Details of safety measures to prevent accident and disaster.
Disaster management plan and emergency response system ;with proper organizational set up ;to deal with such situation.
Disaster management plan for safe mining particularly for underground mines where toxic fumes and other risks are involved.
Occupational health risks.
8. Project benefits
This action describes the improvements in physical and social infrastructure. It details out the employment potential and other benefits that are accrued.
8. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Administrative and technical set up for management of environment.
Mechanism of self monitoring for compliance with environmental regulations.
28
Institutional arrangements proposed with other organizations / Government authorities for effective implementation of proposed environmental management plan.
Conservation plan for the endangered / endemic flora and fauna found in the study area and for safety of animals visiting / residing in the study area and also those in the migratory corridor.
Integrating in the environmental management plan measures for minimizing use of natural resources-water, land, energy etc.
10) Summary and conclusion (Summary EIA)
Introduction Project description and Project benefits Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures Additional studies Environmental Monitoring Program Environmental Management Plan Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP)
11) Disclosure of consultants engaged
The team of consultants engaged in this project will be given.
29
PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT 1. I TRODUCTIO
1.1 IDE TIFICATIO OF PROJECT PROPO E T.
M/s.Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited (An Undertaking of Government of Tamil Nadu) has been established in the year 1978 to carryout systematic mining and development of different minerals all over the state. Ever since its inception TAMIN has developed expertise in the mining of granite dimensional stones of different varieties including black granite (Dolerite), Kashmir White (Leptynite), Paradiso (Migmatite gneiss), Green Onyx (Syenite – porphyry) Red wave (Pink Feldspathic gneiss) Colombo Juparana (Pegmatitic granite gneiss of migmatite origin), Raw silk (Yellow Feldspathic Leptinite) and a number of other coloured granite varieties apart from other industrial minerals viz., quartz and feldspar, graphite, limestone, silica sand, vermiculite, etc.,
TAMIN has also set up industrial units for processing the granite stones one each at Manali (Chennai), Madhepalli at Krishnagiri District and Melur at Madurai District respectively. A Beneficiation plant for the beneficiation of graphite ore has been established close to Sivaganga Graphite mine. An exfoliation plant for the processing of vermiculite mineral at Ambathur (Chennai) has also been established. Further, TAMIN is the only organization recognized by Bureau of India Standard for manufacture and supply of I.S.Sand all over the country.
This report is in conformity with the objectives of TAMIN as well as in compliance of Rule 17 of Granite Conservation and Development Rules, 1999 (hereinafter referred to as GCDR, 1999). The present Pre-feasibility report has been prepared in respect of White Granite quarry, located at Pappankulam village S.F.No.2, Ambasamudram Taluk, Thirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu for which TAMIN obtained mining lease vide G.O. 3(D). No.10, Industries (MME-1) Department dated 23.03.2004 for the period of 20 years from 23 .01.2004 to 22.01.2024.
As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14 th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments and Supreme Court order of January 13, 2015, the mining project, which requires Environmental Clearance from the State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA).
30
TAMIN as a part of the compliance to the regulatory requirement i.e., to obtain Environmental Clearance from MOEF has appointed Environmental Consultants who are accredited by National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET)-Quality Council of India (QCI), New Delhi.
1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTIO OF ATURE OF THE PROJECT
The Mining Plan for white Colour Granite over an extent of 9.21.0 ha in S.F.No. 2 of Pappankulam village, Ambasamudram Taluk, Tirunelveli District, Tamilnadu was approved by the Commissioner of Geology and Mining , Chennai vide Letter No.9303/MM2/2003, dated.21.10.2003. The scheme of mining shall be submitted to the State Government or any person in his behalf by that Government at least one hundred and twenty days before the expiry of the five years period, for which it was approved on the last occasion vide Rule 18(3) of Granite Conservation and Development Rules 1999.
Hence the scheme of mining –I was submitted 120 days before the date of approval of mining plan to the authority vide this office Letter dated.11.06.2008 and subsequently the scheme of mining –II was submitted vide this office Letter No.7873/ML2/2013, dated. 30.05.2013 and then the modified scheme of mining was prepared and submitted vide this office Letter No. 7873/ML2/2013, dated10.04.2014. The mining schemes -I &II and modified scheme of mining are still under process at the Commissionerate of Geology& Mining, Chennai.
The State Government of any person authorised in this behalf by that Government shall convey its or his approval or refusal to the Scheme of Mining within 90 days of the date of its receipt vide Rule 18(4) of GCDR 1999.
If approval or refusal of the scheme of mining is not conveyed to the holder of the lease within the stipulated period the scheme of mining shall be deemed to have been approved and such approval shall be subject to final decision whenever communicated vide Rule 18(5) of GCDR 1999.
Thus, it implies that the modification of Scheme of mining in respect of the subject area have been deemed approved as per the above said Rule.
31
Applicant Details:
TAMIL NADU MINERALS LIMITED (An Undertaking of Government of Tamil Nadu) Name and Address 31, Kamarajar Salai, P.B.No.2961, Chepauk, Chennai – 600 005, Tamil Nadu State Phone Number +91 44 28410382, 28511972 Fax Number +91 44 28524960 E-mail [email protected] Status Public Sector Undertaking. Fully owned by the Govt. of Tamil Nadu Type of Mining Granite Quarrying Unit Period of Mining The Period of mining lease for 20 years
Details of the Area:
a) The area is marked in the Survey of India Topo Sheet No.57P/12. b) The area lies in the Northern latitude of 08 o 40’15.41” and Eastern longitude of 77o 27’ 42.74”
District& Area in Occupancy Taluk Village S.F. o. State (Hects) Ownership Government
Thirunelveli Poramboke Ambasamudram Pappankulam 2 09-21.0 Tamil Nadu land
1.3 EED FOR THE PROJECT & ITS IMPORTA CE:
The granite dimensional stone material by virtue of its pleasing colour and texture such as and its best ability to take polishing and appealing look in polished product has attracted the consumers in the building construction and interior decoration industries. The domestic market capabilities have also been explored in recent periods. Bulk quantity of the blocks are produced and exported as raw blocks and some quantity is being processed at TAMIN’s Granite processing units and exported as value added finished products.
1.4 EMPLOYME T GE ERATIO :
This project will provide direct employment for about 36 persons and indirect employment chisel workers one gang for about 3 person specifically for dressing of blocks.
32
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTIO .
2.1. LOCATIO DETAILS
The Granite Mine is over an extent of 09.21.0 Hects in SF No.2 located at Pappankulam Village, Ambasamudram Taluk, Tirunelveli District, lies in the northern latitude of 08 o 40’ 15.41” and eastern longitude of 77o 27’ 42.74”. The area is marked in the survey of India Topo sheet No.57P/12.
2.2 SITE SALIE T DETAILS
Salient details of the projects is given below
Description Details Site Location Topography Undulating Terrain SOI Topo sheet 58 H/6&10 Nearest City Town : Ambasamudram City : Thirunelveli District Head Quarters : Thirunelveli Nearest Highway State Highway NH-40 -01.20 Km Nearest Railway Junction Ambasamudram Railway – 3. 6 km(NE) Tirunelveli Junction -27.8 km (NE) Nearest Airport Madurai – 14 6.0 Km (N W) Nearest Water Bodies/River/Sea Manimutharu Dam - 5.6 km((SW) Manimutharu River -5.6 km(SW) Archaeologically Important Places None within 15 km radius National Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries Kallakkad Munndandurai Tiger Scantuary- 2.61km(SW) Reserved/Protected Forests Kallakkad Tiger Reserve Forest.-5.6 km(SW). Seism city Zone III Defence Installations None within 15 Km radius
2.3. I FRASTRUCTURE
The area is located at a distance of about 3km South of Tirunelveli to Ambasamudram main road and is easily accessible through a metalled road. The nearest railway station is Kallidaikurichi about 2 km from the mine site. The nearest harbour Tuticorin is situated at a distance of 80 km from the mine site.
33
2.4 GEOLOGY A D RESERVES
2.4 1 PHYSIOGRAPHY
The area generally manifests an undulating topography with low lying plain area mostly of agricultural lands with well irrigation which is the main occupation of the people in this area. The area receives scanty rainfall (about 40 cm per annum) and the rainy period is mainly from October to December in every year. The summer is hot with maximum temperature up to 41 0 C. The area experiences arid climate.
2.4.2. GEOLOGY :
The deposit lies in the hillock ranging a height from 10 – 20 mts from the ground level overlain by big dimensional bouldary outcrops. The boulders are noticed in the form of sheet rock. The individual height of the boulder is ranging from 5 – 10m. The trend of the deposit is N 55 0 E – S 55 0 W and dipping vertical. The surface of the deposit and the boulders for a depth of 1 – 4 mts is highly rusted due to oxidation. Fine to medium grained texture, mafic mineral such as Garnet in the form of semi crystalline nature occur uniformly distributed throughout the deposit. In some places the Garnet arranged in the form of striations. Pegamatite banding and Mica segregations are also noticed. Two sets of joints viz. strike and vertical joints are noticed at distant intervals which facilitate production of gang saw size blocks. The length and width of the deposit within the lease hold area is 596 mts. and 88 mts. respectively. Due to non-uniformity in colour and texture the recovery of export worthy granite blocks is 10%. There is a high tension and low tension electric lines and a main road are passing close to the lease hold area at the eastern boundary. Hence 50mts. Safety distance has been provided from the road and infrastructure.
2.5 METHOD OF MI I G
2.5.1 Open Cast Working In accordance with the Regulation 106 (2) (a) of the Metalliferous Mines Regulations 1961, in all open cast workings where the ore body forms hard rock, the working faces and sides should be adequately benched and sloped. A bench height not exceeding 6m and a bench width not less than the height has to be maintained. The slope angle of such benches and sides should not exceed 60 o from the horizontal. However, observance of these statutory provisions into in
34
granite dimensional stone mining is seldom possible due to the field difficulties and technical reasons as below:
1) The granite mineral is to be recovered as undamaged rectangular dimensional blocks. In the attempt to form the benches and sides with the above statutory parameters, haphazard blasting may be involved, in which case the commercial granite body may get spoiled due to generation of blasting cracks.
2) In the exercise of forming the benches with 60 o slope within the granite deposit, the portion confined within the 60 o as with its complimentary part in the extricated block will become a mineral waste while shaping into rectangular blocks.
3) The granite industry needs blocks as huge as a few cubic metre volumes with measurements up to 3m x 2m x 2m. Production of such huge blocks with a moving bench of 6m height is not possible. A production of such huge blocks in turn increases the recovery and reduces the mineral waste during dressing. Blocks of smaller size of certain varieties of granite are not marketable in the receding.
4) Formation of too many benches with more height and the width equal to the height may lead to mineral lock up.
Hence in order to avoid granite waste and to facilitate economical and convenient mining operations, it is proposed to obtain relaxation to the provisions of Regulation 106 (2) (a) up to a bench parameter of 10m height and 3m width with vertical faces. Such a provision for relaxation of the Regulation has been provided within the regulation 106 (2) (a). Further, it is to be noteworthy that opencast granite mining operations with the above proposed bench parameters may not be detrimental to Mines Safety, since the entire terrain is made up of hard rock, compact sheet and possess high stability on slope even at higher vertical angles.
It is proposed not to backfill the pit in as much as good quantities of reserves are underlying the pits. The stock yard for the granite blocks produced and the dressing yard where the manual dressing and shaping of the blocks are carried out are located near the working pit in order 10 minimize the lead from the pit to the dressing yard and stock yard. A mine office, store room, first-aid room and workers rest shelter have been provided.
35
2.6 MI I G
Open cast, semi-mechanized mining with 10m vertical bench with a bench width of 6m has been proposed. Under the regulation 106(2) (a) of the Metalliferous Mines Regulation 1961 in all open cast working in hard ore body, the benches and sides should be properly benched and sloped. The eight of any bench shall not exceed 6m and the width thereof shall not be less than the height. The benches shall be sloped at an angle of more than 60 o from the horizontal.
The production of granite dimensional stone in this mine involves the following methods typical for granite stone mining, in contrast to any other major mineral mining.
1) Splitting of rock mass of considerable volume from the parent sheet rock carefully avoiding any kind of damage in the form of cracks in the deposit by adopting the following methods.
a) Separation of two vertical ends along the width side by diamond wire cutting.
b) Separation of the horizontal (bottom) and the vertical (length side) planes by serial blasting simultaneously along the above two plans by using 32mm dia blast holes charged with mild explosives like gunpowder or detonating cord.
All the above process continued together aiming at the liberation of huge volume of the granite body from the parent sheet rock is called ‘primary cutting’ .
2) The secondary splitting in to required size involves long hole drilling up to the bottom of the separated block and mild blasting along the required plans.
3) Now – a – days the secondary splitting is carried out by way of splitting and overturning cushion operational procedure. The procedure is by utilizing the compressed air available at the quarry at 7 to 8 bar pressure, initially (widening) splitting up to 15 to 18 cms. Next by using super imposed cushion widening up to 80 cms and overturning of the blocks. The blocks spitted as above are toppled and removed from the pit to the dressing yard by using hydraulic excavators.
4) Removing the defective portions and dressing into the dimensional blocks are done manually using feather and wedges and chiselling respectively by the labourers who are skilled in this work.
36
The defect free rectangular shaped dimensional stones as acceptable to consumers are produced by the method described as above which is constantly supervised by experienced mining geologist.
The waste material generated during mining activity include the rock fragments of different angularity formed during the works, during the removal of naturally defective and uneconomical portions of the deposits and the working waster formed during dressing of the extricated blocks. Such waster material are proposed to the dumped along the 7.5m safety distance along the lease boundary / barren area where the commercial granite occurrences are not seen/ the area covered with poor quality granite deposit identified to be uneconomical due to sheared and contacted nature or the presence of closely space natural joints, etc.
2.7 BLASTI G:
The blasting parameters in the mining of Granite dimensional stones are entirely different from that of industrial minerals, since the basic purpose for the use of explosives in both the cases are entirely different. In the industrial minerals, maximum fragmentation and crushing of the ore is essential, whereas in the granite mining, the granite stones are to be extricated intact, without any damage on both the extricated part and the parent rock body. Wagon drilling and heavy blasting is seldom used in granite mining.
The portion to be extricated from the parent rock body is freed in all planes by adopting different methods as described in chapter 4.0. Only mild explosives such as gun powder, detonating cord, ordinary detonators etc will be used for the production of granite blocks. The blast holes of 32mm diameter are drilled up to the bottom of the horizontal plane all along the required planes without deviations sub grade drilling is avoided, since it may damage the underlying granite deposit.
Conventional 32mm dia blast holes are drilled perfectly parallel to each other at 20 to 25cm intervals without any hole deviations, all along the required plane of splitting. The holes are drilled up to a depth few cms above the required horizontal plane. Sub grade drilling is not necessary since the splitting will be effected up to a further distance of few cms from the drill hole on blasting. Sub grade drilling may affect the underlying granite deposit.
37
Explosives such as gelatine, delay detonators etc may also be used occasionally at places further away from the granite deposit for certain development works such as forming approach roads to the working faces below ground level for forming flat surfaces to be used as dumping yard etc.
The explosives required for this mine is obtained from the authorised, licensed dealer for which necessary permission will be obtained from the authority concerned. The blasting will be under the direct supervision of the statutory persons of TAMIN.
Now–a–days the splitting within the sheet rock is effected by diamond wire sawing, which largely reduces the use of explosives in granite mining. Many adverse effects of blasting are avoided and hence Diamond wire cutting will substantially increase the recovery. Hence it is proposed to deploy one wire saw machine in this mine shortly.
2.8. EXPLORATIO PROPOSED TO BE CARRIED OUT:
A number of valuable data for economical mining of the granite stone in this area have already been known from the actual mining practice during the past 25 years in this field. a) Occurrence of the Black granite stone is economically viable quality and quantity has been established by geological mapping and visual examination by mining geologist experiences in granite mining which have been proved by actual mining practice.
b) The depth persistence of the granite stone is proved beyond the workable limits of 30 m from the petrogenetic a character of the granite body as well as from the actual mining practice. Considering the hilly deposit with sheet rock formation of 30m depth persistence from the surface level has been taken as economically workable depth to include all the three categories of mineral reserves viz, proved, probable and possible reserves.
c) The recovery of the saleable granite stones has been established as 5% from the visual exploration and from the data available by actual mining practices during the past mining in this area.
Hence, having established all the data necessary for economic exploitation in this area, no definite programme for future exploration has been drawn. The mining activities during the next five years with deep cuts may render additional data as may be required for future planning.
38
2.9 METHOD OF ESTIMATIO OF RESERVES:
The correct geological plan demarcating the commercially viable granite body has been prepared on 1:1000 scale . Fifteen cross sections on suitably chosen lines across the longitudinal axis of the deposit have been drawn.
The cross sectional area for the proved depth persistence of 30m from the ground level and top surface of the granite body has been worked out for each cross section. The cross sectional area multiplied by its length of influence on the longer axis gives the bulk volume (in- situ reserves) within the cross sectional area. The sum total of the in-situ reserves available within the individual cross sectional area gives geological reserves of the lease hold area.
From the total geological reserves, the quantity of saleable granite stone and the quantity of granite rejects and waste generation are computed by applying the recovery factor, which have been already established through actual mining practice as 15% by volume.
As the sale of granite dimensional stone is in terms of volumes (cubic metre) only and not in terms of tonnage as in the case of the mining of Industrial minerals, the geological reserves, mineable reserves and quantum of waste generation etc., are given in terms of cubic metre (volume) only.
The details of estimation of geological reserves and mineable reserves with reference to the geological plan and sections in Plate No:-3 and conceptual plan and sections in Plate No:-6 which have been furnished here with respectively.
2.10 GEOLOGICAL RESERVES A D GRADE:
The total geological reserves have been computed on the geological cross sections up to the economically average depth of 30m from the top surface of the granite body works out to 1657140 cbm and the total mineable reserve have been computed after deleting of reserves due to mineral lock up in benches and safety distance as 1534590 cbm . The updated geological reserves of granite estimated after deleting the past working during the mining scheme computed as was 1581535 cbm . The updated minable reserves during the scheme period after deleting the past working computed as 1458985 cbm and by applying the 15% recovery the saleable reserves was about 218848 cbm.
39
The commercial granite body occurring in this area shows more or less uniform colour and texture and other physical properties that determines the granite body as a commercial granite deposit. Even if such variation occur locally in the course of mining, that portions will be considered as defective area and will be removed during dressing of the blocks and the blocks thus produced will be marketed as a single quality. Gradation into difference quality is not necessary in this deposit due to the general uniformity within the deposit.
2.11 YEARWISE DEVELOPME T FOR THE FIRST FIVE YEARS:
The year-wise quantum of work proposed and the details of estimation of production quantity and generation of waste are furnished below with reference to the year-wise development / production plan in Plate No.5.
Granite rejects Sl. ROM Saleable Year including over burden o. in M3 Quantity in M3 and side burden in M3 1 2013-2014 20063.400 3009.510 17053.890 2 2014-2015 20365.000 3054.750 17310.250 3 2015-2016 20184.075 3027.610 17156.460 4 2016-2017 20250.000 3037.500 17212.500 5 2017-2018 20670.000 3100.500 17569.500 Total 83532.475 15229.870 86302.600
2.12 PROPOSED RATE OF PRODUCTIO
The production schedule for the ensuing five years is drawn mainly in consideration of reserve position, market demand, men and machinery deployed and the cost of production. The mineable reserves of the black granite stone deposit in this mine are sustainable for a period above 20 years. The overseas market for this variety of raw granite material is moderate potential and hence the domestic market has been well developed for the finished tiles, slabs and monuments of this material. In as much as, the reserve is sustainable for years and the market potential is sound, it is proposed to achieve an annual production of around 3046 M3 with an average monthly production of 254 M3. The men and machinery proposed is compatible to meet the above production targets.
40
2.13 EXTE T OF MECHA IZATIO :
The following machineries are utilized exclusively for the development and production woks at this mine.
1 Hydraulic Excavator ( Hitachi Ex-200) 1 No 2 Compressor 1)Portable Atlas Capco XAH 175 2 No 2) Tractor Mounted Air Compressor 1 No 3 Crane 10- Ton Escort. 1 No 4 Tipper 1 No 5 Jack Hammer 4 Nos. 6 Diamond Wire Saw machine with accessories 1 No
The above machinery are adequate to meet out the simultaneously development and production schedule drawn out in this mining plan.
2.14 EMPLOYME T POTE TIAL
The following man power is proposed for this granite mine to look after and carryout the day-to-day mining activities aimed at the proposed production target and also to comply with the statutory provisions of the Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1961.
umbers of S. o. Description Persons 1 Geologist/Agent (M.Sc., Geology/ Agent) 1No 2 Qualified Mine Foreman. 1No 3 Blaster or Mines Mate. 1No 4 Machinery operators 6 Nos 5 Unskilled workers 32 Nos
Chiselling workers -1 Gang consists of three chisel men
The above man power is adequate to meet out the production schedule and the machinery strength envisaged in the mining plan and also to comply with the statutory provisions of the Mines Safety Regulations.
41
2.15 WATER REQUIREME T
In the proposed mining project water is required only for domestic usages and dust suppression. The water requirement for this project will be extracted from the Pappankulam Village Panchayat. The break-up of the water requirement details are given below.
S. o Category Requirement (KLD) 1 Dust suppression & Drilling 0.9
2 Domestic Purposes 1.4 Total 2.3
2.16 POWER A D FUEL REQUIREME T
Diesel will be utilized for operating compressors and other machineries Diesel usage will be 1000 lit/month.
2.17 MI E DRAI AGE
The mine area is an elevated ground with gentle slope on both sides of the linear dyke. Hence there is natural drainage system facilitating easy and comfortable drainage of rain waters. However, as a precaution, catch drains has been formed all around the working pit and it has been led to the natural drainage, so that the rain water will not enter the working areas.
The water table during summer (April to September) will be at a depth of 10 to 15 m from the ground level and during winter (November to January).it will be depth of 12 to 17 m. A diesel engine with 5 H.P capacity is kept at the mine site to meet any eventuality of bailing out the rain water to the natural drainage outside to carry out the mine working uninterrupted.
2.18 DISPOSAL OF WASTE
The mine waste in the mine include the top soil rock fragments and rubbles generated as mineral rejects during production works and the country rock fragments generated during development works as approach road formation, formation of dumping yard sites etc.
Adequate space has been indentified within the lease hold area for dumping such waste material along the southern part of the field where the terrain is made up of the country rock
42
which is not a commercial granite variety. The 7.5 m safety distance may also be used for waste dumping purpose.
As the waste material generated in this mine includes rock fragments of different shape and angularity with considerable volume, the waste dump will be stable even at higher slope of the sides of the dump.. However, due care will be taken to avoid collapse of the sides of the waste dump by adding suitable variety of soil brought from outside and planting trees over the waste dump.
2.19 SURFACE TRA SPORT
The mode of transport of the granite blocks produced and marketed is by road of various consumer destinations and granite processing units located at different part, of the country. The blocks approved for export market are shipped through Chennai / Tuticorin Harbours to various countries.
3.SITE A ALYSIS
The following observations are made for Environmental Management Plan i. Existing land use pattern The lease hold area is hilly terrain. The area receives moderate rainfall and the ground water occurs at a depth of 15m and there is only sparse growth of vegetation in and around area. Agricultural activities are fair due to moderate ground water and irrigation facilities.
ii. Water regime Ground water occurrence in this area is moderate due to moderate rainfall and arid/semi arid climate. iii. Flora and Fauna Except the sparse vegetation of certain common species no other flora of botanical importance is noticed in and around the mine area.
iv. Climatic condition The prevailing climatic condition experienced in the mine area is arid/semi arid with maximum temperature up to 40 0 C. The area receives moderate rainfall about 40cm per annum during both South West monsoon and north east monsoon.
43
v. Human settlements
The mine area is located far away from human settlements. Only a few villages are located within a vicinity of 5 km from the mine site. The details are as follows. Distance from Approximate ame of the Village the mine site population. Senganur 1.94km(NE) 1500 Kukuttamaruthahalli 2.35 km(SE) 1,000 Pudur 3.32 km(NW) 1300 Sathyanathapuram 3.97 km(NE) 1,000
vi. Public Buildings, Monuments and place of worships:
There is no public building, monuments or places of worship situated near by the mine area affecting the mining work. There is no other a major river, monuments historically important places or structures located within a vicinity of 2km affecting the mining work. vii. Whether the area falls under notified area under water Act, 1974 Yes, the area falls under notified area under water Act, 1974.
4. E VIRO ME TAL MA AGEME T PLA
The mining plan proposed is for limited production of granite dimensional stone without involving deep hole drilling and heavy blasting. Such limited mining activity is not likely to cause any impact adversely on environment as far as pollution of air, water and noise is concerned.
Environmental Management Plan
Proposals as per Position at the end of Proposals for the Sl. Salient items the Scheme five years scheme next five years o submitted earlier Period scheme period Top soil storage, Top soil will not be 1 preservation and Not applicable Not applicable recovered during the utilization mining scheme period The mine-pit(s) is The mine-pit(s) will Proposed not to under its condition, as be utilized as a water 2 Land Reclamation backfill the mine-pit already proposed in reservoir or may be mining scheme period. used for pisciculture purpose 44
Proposed to stack The waste has been In the next five years Waste Dump the waste in the dumped in the inner period, the waste can Management inner boundary of boundary area as be dumped in the area the lease area. proposed in scheme ear marked or this 3 period. purpose in a two tier arrangements with 10m height each with slope 45 o from horizontal. Proposed to plant 20 As proposal 20 plants In the ensuing five Afforestation trees every year with per year were planted years period of programme with expected survival and now 20 plants are mining, 30 plants per precautions for rate of 29%. alive with arrived year is proposed to be 4 survival and Precautions are to be survival rate 20%. planted for complying protection of made to protect the the afforestation plantation plants by fencing programme. structures.
The proposal for the Quality of mine confinement of Proposed the same water and any waste dump is so Followed the procedure procedure to be interference with arranged to prevent as proposed in the followed in the 5 surface water the interference of mining scheme. ensuring five years spruces surface water period. sources and thus the quality of mine water is good. Proposed to follow Followed the muffle In the ensuing five up muffle blasting so blasting procedure and years scheme period, Fly rock fragments as to prevent fly thus prevented the fly the same safety and precautions rock fragments. Fly rock fragments. Fly precautions will be 6 rock will be avoided rock will be avoided by followed. . by deploying deploying diamond diamond wire wire cutting method. cutting method.
45
5. CO CLUSIO
5.1 USE OF THE GRA ITE STO E: The granite dimensional stone material by virtue of its pleasing colour and texture and its best ability to take polishing and appealing look in polished product has attracted the consumers in the building construction and interior decoration industries. People from countries like China, Japan, U.K. and U.S.A., etc, are very much like of this fancy material and the domestic market capabilities have also been elevated in recent periods. Bulk quantity of the blocks are produced and exported as raw blocks and some quantity is being processed at TAMIN’s Granite processing units and exported as valued added finished products.
5.2 QUALITY CO TROL:
The granite deposit occurring in this mine shows variations in colour and texture and hence the produced blocks are categorized as distinctive quality varieties. The entire mining activities right from the preparation for extrication of blocks to the approval and dispatch of the granite blocks are carried out under the direct supervision of mining geologists and mining engineers well experienced in the mining and trade of granite stones. The extricated blocks are carefully examined for any natural defects such as joints, cracks, xenoliths, etc. and such defects are removed manually using feather and wedges and the blocks are then shaped into effect rectangular dimensional stone blocks by chiselling.
5.3. GRA ITE CO SERVATIO A D DEVELOPME T: The mining plan /scheme have fully covered the aspects of granite conservation with a future plan to extend the proposed working of the mine to the full depth of the deposit. Extreme care is being taken to ensure proper supervision in splitting the granite blocks from the mother rock so that maximum saleable granite is obtained for further utilisation by the consumer industries.
5.4 PROJECT COST: Sl. o Description Amount in Rs 1 Machinery 50,00,000.00 2 Manpower 25,00,000.00 3 Consumable like Diesel, Diamond wire etc 10,00,000.00 4 Fencing 3,00,000.00 5 Office Shed 2,00,000.00 6 Others 10,00,000.00 Total 100,00,000.00
**** 46
LIST OF A EXURE
Annexure I Approved Mining Plan Letter
Annexure II Approved Mining Plan/Scheme
Annexure III G.O for Lease of Mine
Annexure IV Declaration - No habitation with 500 mts.
47