ARCHIVES and SPECIAL COLLECTIONS QUEEN ELIZABETH II LIBRARY MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY, ST. JOHN'S, NL

Charles Sydney Frost photograph collection COLL-346

Website: http://www.library.mun.ca/asc/ Author: Amanda Jamieson/Linda White Date: 2006, 2016

Scope and Content: The majority of photographs in this collection were collected by Charles Sydney Frost during his service with the Royal Newfoundland Regiment in the First World War. Most of the photographs were taken between 1914 and 1918. They are snapshots of Regiment officers while in the and . The majority of these men were from "B" Company and it is likely that the photos of these men were taken while C.S. Frost presided over that company as Captain. Also contained in the album are reproductions of the 12 Newfoundland stamps that were issued to honor the Regiment's service in World War One. Custodial History: The photograph album remained in the possession of the creator, C.S. Frost, until his death in 1985. The album was thought lost until his daughter, Vivian, rediscovered it in 2005. While the quality of the photographs was and is excellent, the condition of the album itself was poor. Vivian and her brother, Robert, set about organizing the photographs in a new album. They used Nicholson's "The Fighting Newfoundlander," to verify information from some of the original captions. The album was then donated by the family to the Regimental Museum in St. John's. That organization in turn donated the item to the Archives and Special Collections of Memorial University in May, 2006.

The two scrapbooks entitled "Newfoundland Affairs" (4.01.001-002) were donated by Barbara Fraser in 2015. Restrictions: There are no restrictions on access to or use of these items. All patrons should be aware that copyright regulations state that any copy of archival material is to be used solely for the purpose of research and private study. Any use of the copy for any other purpose may require the authorization of the copyright owner. It is the patron's responsibility to obtain such authorization.

Extent: 104 b/w photographs 12 postage stamps [copies] Biography or History: Charles Sydney Frost was born 27 November 1893 in Argyle, Nova Scotia, to Albert and Alice Frost. He attended Yarmouth South End School and Yarmouth Academy. In 1908, he graduated from Grade XI and began to look for work in the community. Choices for employment were numerous and Frost decided to apply for work at the Bank of Nova Scotia. He was hired and started work on December 1, 1908. He was promoted often and in May 1914 was transferred to a larger bank in St. John's, Newfoundland as branch accountant.

On 3 August 1914 Britain declared war. Less than three weeks later, Frost enlisted in the Newfoundland Regiment. He was given Regiment Number 58. He served with the Regiment from 7 September 1914 to 18 July 1919. Within a year of enlisting, Frost was promoted to the rank of Lance Corporal. Within another year, he was made 2nd Lieutenant. Three months later, on 1 July 1916, he was with the ten percent of the Regiment kept in reserve at Louvencourt while the rest of the Regiment marched on to Beaumont Hamel. The Battle of the Somme commenced in the early hours of that day. By mid-day, casualties were so great that the reserve was brought in to assist. Frost survived the battle, but was injured at Gueudecourt on 12 October 1916. After spending several months in hospital, he was granted leave to . He returned to active duty in November 1917 with a promotion to Lieutenant. He was promoted to Captain in 1918 and was given charge of "B" Company of the Regiment. He was awarded the Military Cross on 28 September 1918 for his service in the battle at Keiberg Ridge. He left service with the end of the War in 1919 and returned to St. John's to his fiancee, Gertrude Haines.

Frost once again took up work with the Bank of Nova Scotia. He managed the bank's branch in Fogo. He remained there fortwo years until returning to St. John's in 1921 when he took up the post of assistant manager of the bank's main branchin Newfoundland. It was 12 July of that year that Charles and Gertrude were married in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. They wouldhave three children, Charles Jr., Robert (Bob) and Vivian. The family moved about Canada with the various promotionsFrost received with the bank: from Winnipeg to Toronto, then on to Saskatoon and Saint John. In December 1950 he waselected to the Board of Directors with the bank. In 1954 he was named Executive Vice-President. In June 1956, he waspromoted to Chief Executive Officer and President, a position he held for two years.

Memorial University of Newfoundland awarded Frost an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in May 1968. He died in Toronto,Ontario, on 15 April 1985. Arrangement: The arrangement of the following is based on the order of the photographs within the photograph album as prepared by Robert and Vivian Frost, children of C.S. Frost. They dismantled the original photograph album created by their father in an effort to preserve the photographs contained within. The photographs were then sorted and labeled and placed within the current album. The description of each item is based entirely on the caption attached to each photograph as transcribed by Robert and Vivian. Any additions made by the archivist to the item level description can be seen in square brackets. The items are described in the order in which they appear in the photograph album.

1.0 Photographs, 1914-1924 1.01 Photograph album 1.01.001 Pte. G. Ayres "B" Coy 1.01.002 L. Cpl Crawley "B" Coy 1.01.003 Mott Churchill 1.01.004 2/Lieut Ron Chafe (Later Lieut) taken in Edinburgh 1.01.005 Lieut Ron Chafe, Hilden, Germany, January, 1919 1.01.006 Cpl. E. Dinney "B" Coy 1.01.007 Cpl. Dinney in Newfoundland 1920 1.01.008 Pte. C.S. Frost (later Capt C.S. Frost MC) at Fort George, Scotland with his Ross rifle, January, 1915 1.01.009 Pte. C.S. Frost, Cairo, Egypt, shortly before sailing for Gallipoli, Sept. 10, 1915 1.01.010 C.O.M.S. Thos. Dawe "B" Coy. In St. John's after the war 1.01.011 Lieut Lionel Duley killed at Keiberg Ridge, Sept. 29, 1918 1.01.012 Capt. C.S. Frost, MC on "Hado" 1.01.013 Lieut Charlie "Bingy" Garland in the trenches 1.01.014 Lieut Ken Goodyear wounded July 1, 1916, Beaumont Hamel 1.01.015 Q.M. Sgt Jim Gray at Ayr, Scotland 1.01.016 L. Cpl. Samuel Greenslade "B" Coy. Won the D.C. M. Steenbeek, Oct. 14, 1918 1.01.017 Capt George Hicks, MC and Bar on board S.S. "Northland" April, 1917. Won the M.C. at Broembeek Oct. 1917 and the Bar to the M.C. at Ledeghem Oct. 1918 1.01.018 Sgt. Arthur Hatfield, Hayling Island, August, 1915 1.01.019 Cpl. John Herbert Hockley killed at Beaumont Hamel, July 1, 1916 1.01.020 L/Cpl. Chesley James Gough killed at Gueudecourt, October 12, 1916 1.01.021 Lieut Frank H. Hopson MC won the M.C. Lys River Oct 18. Left- with Lewis Gun. Above Barrie Camp Aug 1917. Right-"bread and jam" [3 photos] 1.01.022 Pte. H. Kelley "B" Coy 1.01.023 Lieut Jack LeMee R.F.C. 1.01.024 2/Lieut Robert Kershaw killed March 9, 1918 Passchendaele 1.01.025 Pte. Hugh Walter McWhirter. First fatal casualty of the Royal Newfoundland Regt killed at Gallipoli Sept. 22, 1915 1.01.026 Lieut Syd Mew "B" Coy. Rouen, March, 1919 1.01.027 Capt Maidment, Protestant Padre 1.01.028 C.S.M. Fred Mercer "B" Coy. Date unknown 1.01.029 Cpl. Richard Power, DCM, MM with two of this brothers. Won the DCM with "B" Coy at Ledegham, Oct 3, 1918 and the MM 11 days later 1.01.030 Lt. Col. Tom F. Nangle R.C. Padre crossing the Rhine, Dec. 1918 1.01.031 L/Cpl R. Paul "B" Coy 1.01.032 L/Cpl Richard Pitman of Lamaline, Nfld. Killed at Beaumont Hamel, July 1, 1916 1.01.033 Pte. Bramwell Booth Reid, MM of Heart's Delight Nfld. Won the MM at Keiberg Ridge, September 1918 1.01.034 Cpl C.H. Rendell "B" Coy 1.01.035 Pte. A. Rowe "B" Coy 1.01.036 L/Cpl Hardy Frederick Snow. Killed at Gueudecourt, October 12, 1916 1.01.037 "B" Coy. Officers' Mess. Rouen. Mess President Capt Smithers British Army 1.01.038 Capt Charles St. Clair Strong. Killed at Bailleul, April 13, 1918 1.01.039 "B" Coy. In line for dinner, Hilden, Germany, Dec. 1918 1.01.040 Capt Smithers, Lieut Jim Irvine "B" coy. Officers Mess, Rouen, 1919 1.01.041 Capt Mifflin, Capt McNeil, Capt Chafe wearing "Boche" Militaria, Rouen, Mar. 1919 1.01.042 Capt C.S. Frost MC, Lieut Jim Irvine, Rouen, 1919 1.01.043 "B" Coy. Outside Nissen Huts, Rouen, Mar, 1919 1.01.044 Lieut Jack E. J. Fox 1.01.045 1. Capt Stan Robertson. Wounded at Beaumont Hamel, July 1, 1916 2. CSM Melville "C" Coy 1.01.046 Lieut McNess Johnston, Lieut Ken Goodyear 1.01.047 Capt Len T. Stick, Capt Stan Robertson, Lieut Frank Hopson MC 1.01.048 Capt C.S. Frost MC, Lieut Syd Mew, Rouen, 1919 1.01.049 Lieut J. Strang, Capt Gerald G. Bryne MC. Won MC at Sailly-Saillissel. Capt Len T. Stick, Barrie Camp, Scotland 1.01.050 Capt Len T. Stick, Ptes. Young and Phelan, Regimental Mascot, "Sable Chief" 1.01.051 "B" Coy. NCOs Cpl A. Rice of Pelly's Island, Pte. George Mullett, MM and Bar of Wesleyville won MM at Steenbeck Aug 16, 1917 and Bar to MM at Keiberg Ridge Sept 29, 1918. Pte Newman Gough of Elliston won MM at Keiberg Ridge Sept 29, 1918 1.01.052 Lieut Jim M. Irvine, Capt. C.S. Frost, MC won MC at Keiberg Ridge, Sept. 29, 1918, Lieut Syd Mew, France, April 1919 1.01.053 Left- 2/Lt Noseworthy, 2/Lieut M. Godden, prob. 2/Lt Trelise 1.01.054 Left- Lieut Frank H. Hopson, MC Right- prob. Lieut Cailens 1.01.055 Left- prob. Lieut John Edens killed at Cambrai Nov. 1917, Lieut Jack LeMee transferred to Royal Flying Corps 1.01.056 Lieut Joseph H. Snow, Capt Charles St. Clair Strong. Killed at Bailleuls, Armentieres, Apr 13, 1918 1.01.057 Exercise at "Dodd Hill" Place and Date u/k "Red Force" 1. Lieut Johnson 2. Lieut Bryne 3. 2/Lt Stick 4. Capt Robertson 5. Capt C.S. Frost 6. 2/Lt Seymour 7. 2/Lt Garland 1.01.058 Officers of the "Attacking Force" having lunch 1.01.059 Lunch using the Transport wagon as a table 1.01.060 Lt. Col. Tom Nangle, R.C. Padre, Sir Richard Squires, Prime Minister of Newfoundland. Mons Railway Station 1.01.061 2/Lt Duley, 2/Lt Newman, 2/Lt Edens 1.01.062 Nurse K.M. "Eve" Fish. Third London General Hospital 1.01.063 Convalescents in front of the Third London General Hospital waiting to for out for a drive. Two Newfoundlanders are in the photo, L/Cpl C.S. Frost, 6th from left, 2nd row from front, and an unidentified Newfoundlander two left of the L/Cpl Frost. The phot 1.01.064 Cpl H. Clarke, Pte A. King, Pte Newman Gough, MM 1.01.065 CQMS E. Cornick, Sgt J. Bishop 1.01.066 1. Capt J.E.J. Fox 2. Lieut Jonas 3. Lieut Noseworthy 4. Lieut Cooper 1.01.067 Regimental Band 1917 1.01.068 Lieut Frank H. Hopson, MC, Lieut Garland, Sgt Major Chancey 1.01.069 Capt C.S. Frost, MC, Lieut Syd Mew, Hilden, Germany, 1919 1.01.070 Capt Eric R.A. Chafe, MC, Lieut Ronald Chafe, Rouen, February, 1917 1.01.071 [1st caption]Lieut Colonel Arthur L. Hadow, CMG [2nd caption] Lieut Colonel James, F.R. Forbes-Robertson, VC, DSO. Won the VC with the Border Regt. DSO at Moncy-le-Preux, April 1917; Periodic MC 1.01.072 Capt C.S. Frost MC, Lieut Forsey, Lieut Mifflin MC, Padre Nangle, Capt Chafe MC at Mons Station, Feb. 1919 1.01.073 Lieut William Haynes DCM of Catalina, won DCM at Armentieres, Apr 13, 1918. Lieut Reginald F. Stanford DCM, Keiberg Ridge Spet [sic] 29, 1918. Lieut Cornick, Lieut Syd Mew, Lieut Ronald Chafe, Rouen 1919 1.01.074 2/Lt Forsey, Lieut Williams, Capt Frost, Capt Newman, 2/Lt Cornick, Capt Williamson, Lieut Mew, Lieut James, Rouen, 1919 1.01.075 "B" Company Cooker, en route to Rouen from Germany, February, 1919 1.01.076 "B" Company Officers, Mons, February, 1919 1.01.077 Capt George Hicks, MC, Lieut Bernard Forsey wearing Boche Helmets, Rouen., March 1919 1.01.078 Lieut McHenry, Staff Sgt Hillier, Capt Williamson MC, CSM Fred Mercer, Rouen Apr 1919 1.01.079 Lieut Calder HAC, Capt Chafe MC, Lieut Stanford DCM, Lieut McHenry Cde G. Rouen, Mar. 1919 1.01.080 Capt Hicks MC, Lieut McHenry C de G, Capt McNeil, Lieut R. Chafe, Capt Newman MC. Rouen, Mar. 1919 1.01.081 S.S. Florizel with the First Five Hundred, "The Blue Puttees" aboard about to sail from St. John's harbour October 4, 1914 1.01.082 S.S. Florizel foundered off Cape Race February 23, 1918. 94 drowned. S. S. Terra Nova standing by on February 24th. 1.01.083 H.M.S. Megantic sailed from Devonport, England, August 20, 1915 with 34 officers and 1, 042 other ranks of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment on board bound for Alexandria and the Gallipoli Campaign 1.01.084 Suvla Bay, Gallipoli, where the Newfoundland Regiment landed September 19, 1915. Although the Newfoundlanders were issued tropical kit[s] including helmets at Aldershot before sailing for Gallipoli, it is likely the soldiers in this photo are all Anzacs 1.01.085 Menin Gate at East Entrance to ; "B" Coy position Aug 1916 1.01.086 Lys River, , where "B" Coy crossed Oct 20, 1918 1.01.087 Keiberg Ridge, Captured by "B" Coy, Sept 1918, proposed Memorial Site 1.01.088 Ingoyghem, Gueucourt, Oct. Ingoyghem, Gueucourt, Oct 18 where Pte Ronald Courage, the Regiment's last battle casualty was wounded 1.01.089 Mine Crater at Beaumont Hamel- 120 yds long by 80 wide by 40 deep. Blown by the British 7.20 a.m. July 1, 1916 1.01.090 Soldiers of the Royal Nfld Regt. Date and Place u/k. Probably Scotland 1915 1.01.091 The regiment marches past in line with bayonets fixed. Date and Place u/k 1.01.092 [top photo] Victory March of the French Troops through the streets of Vervieres. The officers on the extreme right are the Royal Newfoundland Regiment, December 12, 1918 1.01.093 [bottom photo] Victory March of the French Troops through the streets of Vervieres. The officers on the extreme right are the Royal Newfoundland Regiment, December 12, 1918 1.01.094 [top photo] Field Marshall Earl Haig landing in St. John's from S.S. Caronia, June 29, 1924 1.01.095 [bottom photo] Unveiling of the National by Earl Haig, July 1, 1924 1.01.096 Fort George Barracks, Scotland, where "A" and "B" Coys. were stationed Dec 7, 1914- Feb 19, 1915 1.01.097 Lt. Col. Cluny Macpherson, who was with "D" Coy at Edinburgh Castle in March 1915, presents a memorial plaque on behalf of the Newfoundland Command of the Canadian Legion to Lt. Gen. Sir Colin Barber, GOC-in-C Scottish Command at Edinburgh Castle on Septe 1.01.098 Photo taken years later of Gueudecourt, the approx. spot where Lieut C.S. Frost was wounded Oct 12, 1916 1.01.099 The Newfoundland Memorial at Geuedecourt, marking the furthest point reached by the Regiment on Oct 12, 1916 1.01.100 German Officer whose father was the owner of the Chateau pictured below where the Officers Mess was located in Hilden, Dec 25, 1918 1.01.101 Chateau where "B" Coy. Officers Mess was located, Dec. 1918 1.01.102 A German Air Force Officer commanded this Zepplin; Newfoundland Regt officers were billeted in his home in 1919 1.01.103 Field Marshall's HQ at Montreuil, guarded by the R Nfld Regiment in 1918 1.01.104 "Trail of the Caribou" Stamps issued January 2, 1919 by the Newfoundland Government to honour the services and memory of the Newfoundland Contingent in

2.0 Military Field Messages Scrapbook, 1916-1918 2.01 Field Messages, Royal Newfoundland Regiment 2.01.001 CS Frost, Military Field Messages, Royal Newfoundland Regiment in France & , 1916-1918

3.0 Royal Newfoundland Regiment Scrapbooks 3.01 RNR Scrapbooks 3.01.001 Royal Newfoundland Regiment Book 1 3.01.002 Royal Newfoundland Regiment Book 2 3.01.003 Royal Newfoundland Regiment Book 3 3.01.004 Royal Newfoundland Regiment Book 4