THE CANADIAN BOTANICAL ASSOCIATION ISSN 0008-3046 BULLETIN

LASSOCIATION BOTANIQUE DU CANADA

April 1984 Volume 17 Number 2 Vancouver

ANNOUNCING CANADIAN CONGRESS OF BIOLOGY

JUNE 23-28, 1985

LONDON, ONTARIO

UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE BIOLOGICAL COUNCIL OF CANADA

(BCC), THE MEMBER SOCIETIES, INCLUDING THE CBA/ABC, WILL HOLD THEIR ANNUAL MEETINGS IN LONDON NEXT JUNE. THIS CONGRESS, THE

FIRST OF ITS KIND, WILL ALLOW CANADIAN BIOLOGISTS AN OPPORTUNITY

TO EXPLORE AND DISCUSS THE BROAD INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF

THEIR SCIENCES AS WELL AS REPORT ON THE CURRENT RESEARCH OF

THEIR OWN PARTICULAR INTEREST, BESIDES A FULL MENU OF CONGRESS

SYMPOSIA, SOCIETIES AND SECTIONS WILL RUN THEIR USUAL PROGRAMS.

SHOULD CBA MEMBERS WISH TO CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS THE PROGRAM - NOW

IS THE TIME TO MAKE YOUR SUGGESTIONS KNOWN - TO THE STEERING COMMITTEE OR THROUGH YOUR SECTION CHAIRPERSON,

HOPE TO SEE YOU IN LONDON, JUNE 23-28, 1985,

DICK GREYSON CBA/ABC REPRESENTATIVE CONGRESS STEERING COMMITTEE

21 OFFICERS OF CBA/ABC 1983-1984 CALL FOR "EMERGENCY RESOLUTIONS"

Members are reminded that, in accordance with President: Dr. W. George Barker Univ. of Guelph By-law 76, " "Emergency resolutions" may be sub- mitted to the Board of Directors at any time Past-President: Dr. James H. Soper prior to their meeting immediately before the Nat.Mus.Nat.Sci., Ottawa annual meeting. The Board of Directors will Vice-President: Dr. A.R.A. (Ron) Taylor then declare whether they conform to the general Univ. of New Brunswick guideline for resolutions .... ". Resolutions submitted under By-law 76 must President-Elect: Mr. Gerald A. Mulligan Biosystematics Res.Inst. be received by the Secretary 10 days before the annual meeting (NO LATER THAN JUNE 15, 1984). Secretary: Dr. Iain E.P. Taylor "Emergency resolutions" can only be admitted if Univ. of British Columbia they deal with an emergency situation that Treasurer: Dr. Douglas Davidson leaves no time for preparation of a normal McMaster Univ. resolution. Directors: Dr. Luc Brouillet Send "emergency resolutions" plus all rele- Univ. de Montréal vant material to the Secretary: Dr. Iain E.P. Taylor, Secretary, CBA/ABC, Dept. of Botany, Dr. Paul M. Catling Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. Biosystematics Res.Inst. V6T 2B1 Dr. Keith E. Denford Univ. of Alberta Dr. J. André Fortin HABITAT PRESERVATION IN CANADA Univ. Laval Dr. Richard Hebda The CBA/ABC membership will be interested to B.C. Prov. Museum learn of the recent accomplishments of the Nature Conservancy of Canada (NCC). During 1983 Dr. Vipen K. Sawhney it received $315,000 from its own fund-raising Univ. of Saskatchewan activities, and thus released considerable Editor Bulletin: Mrs. Sylvia Taylor funding from other sources. A total of $939,000 (ex off.) UBC Botanical Garden resulted and was used to purchase 1,264 acres, or 15 significant properties, in various parts Archivist: Dr. W.I. Illman of Canada for habitat preservation. Carleton Univ. The work of the Conservancy is applauded by the CBA/ABC Conservation Committee. For more information on NCC projects, write NEWS FROM THE SECTIONS to: Lloyd H. Mayeda, Executive Director, The Nature Conservancy of Canada, 2200 Yonge Street, Ecology Section Suite 1710, Toronto, Ont M4S 2C6 Chairman: Bruce A. Roberts, Canadian Forestry Dianne Fahselt Serv., P.O. Box 6028, St. Johns, Chairman Nfld A1C 5X8 Conservation Committee The executive held a meeting on August 11, 1983, at Grand Forks. Bruce Roberts was re-elec- ted Chairman and Suzanne Warwick Secretary. The executive agreed to prepare a brief summary of current ecological activities in Canada for the CBA/ABC Bulletin, similar to that prepared by the THOMAS M.C. TAYLOR Systematics Phytogeography Section. Symposium topics for the Fredericton meeting were discussed. I received notification of a new publication General Section by Dr. Thomas M.C. Taylor just as the January Chairman: Joanne MacDonald, Dept. of Forest issue of the Bulletin went out to members. This Resources, Univ. of New Brunswick, should be added to the list of publications Bag Service #44555, Fredericton, N.B. provided at the end of Dr. Taylors obituary E3B 6C2 (CBA/ABC Bulletin, Vol. 17, p. 8).

Mycology Section Taylor, T.M.C. 1983. The Sedge Family (Cypera- Chairman: James A. Traquair, Harrow Research ceae). Handbook No. 43, B.C. Provincial Station, Harrow, Ont NOR 1G0 Museum, Victoria. 375 pp. Phycology Section Chairman: Gordon G.C. Robinson, Dept. of Botany Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man R3T 2N2 Structure Development Section NEW WORD (TO ME!) Chairman: Richard I. Greyson, Dept. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Western Ontario, The latest issue of Douglasia, newsletter of London, Ont N6A 5B7 the Washington Native Plant Society, has a new Systematics Phytogeography section — Botanical Salmagundi. A search Chairman: Keith E. Denford, Dept. of Botany, through the dictionary revealed two meanings. Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta Either a type of salad plate or a heterogenous T6G 2E9 mixture (potpourri). How appropriate!

22 WHATS ON IN ECOLOGY IN CANADA in stabilizing soil surfaces in semi-arid regions of western North America. Roy Turkington (Botany) — population biology The Executive of the Ecology Section of CBA/ of pasture species and its influence on ABC has decided to institute a series of articles community structure; ecological and evo- titled "Whats on in Ecology in Canada". The aim lutionary implications of competition is to provide information on current research in (Lonnie Aarssen) and disturbance (Roberta ecology in the various regions of Canada. Bruce Adams) on community structure; differen- Roberts, Chairman of the Section, is responsible tiation in Trifolium repens (Richard for collating the reports from correspondents in Evans); Rhizobium trifolii variation and the different areas. its potential for improved symbiosis with Trifolium repens, nitrogen-fixing ability, I. BRITISH COLUMBIA and productivity (with Brian Holl, Plant (Roy Rurkington, UBC) Sciences, UBC). Students: L.W. Aarssen (Ph.D. 1983) - Interactions and SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY coexistence of species in pasture commun- ity evolution. Ian Hutchinson (Dept. of Geography) — niche M.J. Ratcliffe (M.Sc. 1983) - Interspecific metrics of local brackish-marsh sedges in associations, phenology, and environment the Fraser Delta and in experimental of some alpine plant communities on Lake- plantings; plant community variation in view Mountain, southern British Columbia. the deltas of the Pacific Northwest; eco- phenic variation in Carex lyngbyei. UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA

UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Mark A.M. Bell (Biology) — reclamation of coal mined lands; application of vegetation Gary A. Bradfield (Botany) — analytical study studies to reclamation; use of native of coastal marsh and forest vegetation species in reclaiming disturbed areas; patterns, including correlations with studies on colonization by microfauna on environmental variables; development and reclaimed high elevation slopes; ecology testing of multivariate data analytic of nitrogen-fixing native legumes for use models in plant ecology. Students: in high elevation reclamation; methods in G.L. Porter (M.Sc. 1982) - Vegetation-envir- analysis and classification of Okanogan onment relationships in the tidal marshes parkland and grasslands. of the Fraser River Delta, British Colum- bia. B.C. PROVINCIAL MUSEUM, VICTORIA D. Gagnon (Ph.D. stud.) - The vegetation of west-central Vancouver Island, B.C. Adolf Ceska — plant communities, wetlands, Robert E. DeWreede (Botany) — ecology of marine classification techniques. algae, with emphasis on population dyna- Robert T. Ogilvie — ecology of alpine vegeta- mics. Students: tion - phytosociology and ecology of Terrie Klinger (M.Sc.) - population dynamics alpine plant communities of the Coast of two kelp species. Mountains and southern Rocky Mountains; Herb Vandermuelen (Ph.D.) - ecology and life ecology of maritime vegetation - phyto- history of Colpomenia. sociology and ecology of shore, snad dune, Put Ang (M.Sc.) - successional studies in and estuarine plant communities. sub-tidal marine algae. Ronald E. Foreman (Botany) — Director, Bamfield If you know of anyone who has been omitted Marine Station, Vancouver Is. Marine from the list, would you please contact the benthic community ecology, with emphasis Chairman of the Section: Dr. B.A. Roberts, on seaweeds. Newfoundalnd Forest Research Centre, Canadian Paul G. Harrison (Botany) — population biology Forestry Service, P.O. Box 6028, St. Johns, Nfld of seagrasses; functional ecology of soft- A1C 5X8. Volunteered information for future bottom ecosystems (plants, microbes and lists would also be most welcome. animals). Students: Pat Miller (M.Sc. Biology) - community eco- logy of amphipods in eelgrass beds. Vladimir Krajina (Botany) — has finished a manuscript of "British Columbia vascular plant indicator values" (about 2000 pages) on which he worked for seven years with Karel Klinka. Margaret North (Geography) — Floodplain vege- EDITORS ERRORS tation, including pre-settlement vegeta- tion of lower Fraser River floodplain, and down-stream impact of Bennett Dam on The Editor regrets that two errors (other the Peace River floodplain; biomass yield than typos) crept into the last issue of the Bulletin. from annually flooded grasslands in the Fraser River floodplain. p. 15 - It is, of course, the Canadian Con- Wilfrid B. Schofield (botany) — habitats of gress of Biology bryophytes as a factor in interpretation p. 17 - The Royal Botanical Gardens, Hamilton, of the development of geographic patterns. received a major grant of $25,000 for a medi- Students: cinal garden. John Spence (Ph.D.) - overview of bryophyte communities of alpine and sub-alpine areas You may have also noticed that I made doubly in southwestern British Columbia and sure that members were aware of the morning adjacent Washington State. events on June 25 for the Annual Meeting in Terry McIntosh (Ph.D.) - role of bryophytes Fredericton!

23 GUIDELINES TO ORAL PRESENTATIONS OF PAPERS Do: Ensure slides are in correct order and right side up Allow at least 1 minute per slide Oral communication is very important in the Allow time for slide changing exchange of information. Capture the audiences Allow for accidents full attention at the beginning and half the Provide titles battle is won. State the underlying objectives Plan exactly what to say about the slide of the research very clearly, eliminate confusing Select a standard slide size details, and use simple slides. The guidelines Make the material fit a rectangle with below will help. long side horizontal whenever possible 1. Write out the talk in advance, but never Use colours if helpful, but not just for read it. Writing allows you to: aesthetics a) check the logical development and flow Label the point of interest on a micro- b) ensure proper transition graph c) check sentence length (should be short) Locate the pointer before the talk d) seek synonyms for frequently used words Discuss your signals with the projection- e) discard non-essential items ist beforehand f) ensure that only familiar terms are used Dont: Make too many points per slide g) ensure that the time is correctly divided Plan too many slides for the time into 10% introduction, 80% main body of Use tables if graphs are more vivid text (including conclusions), and 10% Put too many lines on a graph summary. Plus time allowed for questions. Use unlabelled axes on a graph 2. Reduce the written text to a simple outline Use typewritten material or illegibly or notes, or even speak without notes. You small numbers or letters cannot hope to hold the audience if you have Use non-standard, square or tall slides your head buried in a written text. The 3 unless unavoidable common types of outline are: topic outline; Use poor quality slides key phrase outline; and sentence outline. Choose Keep the audience continuously in the the one that best suits you. An experienced dark or keep flicking the lights on speaker will write and revise the talk several and off times, learn the main points, and then use a few Keep slide projected after it is needed cards (at least 5 x 7") with topic headings, key Read aloud every word on a slide sentences or transitional sentences as a memory Overhead transparencies -- can be used in refresher. normal lighting. Complement speaker, not 3. Organization replace. Blank transparencies can be used instead of a blackboard. Legibility is still of a) The introduction should be simple and paramount importance. gain immediate attention. Attention can be gained by several devices, including opening with Help -- most large institutions have technical a narrative, quotation, rhetorical question, or illustrators on staff — consult with them, and startling statement - but all must be relevant then follow their advice. Consider having them to the talk. Humorous asides may be used - but make up the slides and transparencies, in spite avoid stock jokcs. of the cost involved. b) The main body ("meat") requires logical b) Delivery is very important. Do not use a organization of the material. Use short, clear mumbled monotone, unintentional punctuation (ahs statements, with precise and appropriate words, and ers), and try to avoid nervous mannerisms. to convey ideas. Avoid abstracts. Use active Practice, practice and practice - by yourself, rather than passive verbs. State the purpose of in front of a mirror, and before friends, each experiment and relate it to the overall colleagues and your supervisor. purpose given in the introduction. Keep experi- Do not speak too fast or too slow. Pitch mental details to a minimum because of time con- your voice to reach the back row if there is no straints - they can always be provided during amplification in the room. Vary force and pitch the question period, privately, or in a published of delivery to emphasize main points and impor- article. Give the conclusion of each experiment tant sections. at the time, not in a separate section. Use a microphone if one is available. Stand c) The summary should leave the audience at least 6" away. Speak in a natural voice, and with the central theme of your talk - restress move away slightly if you wish to raise your the main points, re-state the thesis, conclude voice. Never cough or clear your throat directly with an anecdote or question, or state future into the microphone (this has been described as program(s). sounding like a mating call of a bull elephant!). 4. Techniques Dont talk directly to the microphone or you will lose your audience. a) Visual aids are effective if properly used. Maintain eye contact with individuals in the room. Blackboard -- use only in a small room, plan use in advance so that parts do not have to be Avoid an awkward stance. A natural position erased has the feet 8-10" apart with one foot slightly forward. Do not wander aimlessly around. Use Slides -- most popular method. Remember that gestures as needed, dont keep your arms rigidly at least 1 minute per slide is needed for full at your side. Dont clutch the lectern as if it understanding. Show well-defined groups of was a life-saver. slides - slides replace the speaker while projected so that you and your information fade Nervousness is totally natural - but visibly into the background. quaking knees can distract the audience. Use the lectern to conceal them if necessary. Reduce The dos and donts of slide use can be summed nervous tension by knowing your subject, and up in the phrase "Keep it simple, stupid!". 24 being prepared so that nothing major can go JUST FOR FUN wrong. Take several deep breaths to relax your- self, and then begin to speak. An American nursery was building a new green- Timing is very important. The allotted time house with all services underground. Unfortun- includes questions. Time your rehearsals and ately they forgot to put in the telephone wires. make notes in red on your cue cards so that you There was a bend in the duct so normal methods can correct errors during the actual presenta- of feeding in the telephone wire did not work. tion. There is nothing worse than being cut off Solution — catch a toad, tie fishing line before the end. around its middle, drop it into the ducting and turn on the water hose. The toad went the Leave the dais coolly and calmly — dont necessary 200 feet, plus a further 60! A house dash off as though ready to hide. builder then informed them that a mouse was the 5. Question Period usual means of solving such a problem! Dont ask for questions as you finish your talk — this is the responsibility of the chair- man of the session. AIR POLLUTION IN FORESTS A question may sound stupid or even malicious — ask for it to be repeated so that you gain Members may be interested to know of the extra time to think about your answer. following publication. A questioner may be probing or ask too many AQUILO, ser. botanica. Tome 19, Vol. I and II. questions — suggest meeting later for a private 1983. Proceedings of the 12th Inte rnational discussion so that you do not run over your Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Damages allotted time. in Forests (held at Oulu, Finland, 23-20 August, No questions? It usually only takes one ques- 1982). tion to generate others. Consider "planting" one Volume I includes the papers presented at the or two close friends in the audience to start the sessions, while Volume II contains the posters ball rolling. (Some senior scientists apparently presented. There were 5 Sessions — Acid use this technique at large congresses -- and Precipitation; Physiology and Structure; Forest ensure that the first question is one that they Growth, Dynamics, Diagnosis and Evaluation; Air would like to answer!) Quality Criteria and Forest Trees; and Workshop 6. Rehearsal on SO2 , 03 and NOx and Forest Trees. This is very important. It will also help to The papers presented include:- Acid Precipita- prepare you for unexpected hazards, such as dis- tion and Forest Growth in Norway; Sensitivity of appearing chalk, malfunctioning equipment and Eastern Canadian Forest Tree Species to Simulated disturbances in the audience — and on how to Acid Precipitation; Possible Indirect Long-term deal with the situation. Long-time members may Effects of Acid Precipitation on Forest Growth; remember a recalcitrant electrically-operated Comparative Growth as a Measure of Air Pollution screen at one Annual Meeting — and the cool Impact; Ecological Monitoring of Sulphur in (and humorous) way in which the speaker handled Forests in Western Canada; Long-term Effects of the matter. Sulphur Dioxide on Forest Growth; Variation in Air Pollution Responses of Hardwood Trees. Finally, do not use another language unless you are fluent. Most international meetings, The posters include: Fluoride Levels in such as the International Botanical Congresses, Forest Trees around Aluminium Smelters; Deposi- will provide translators. CBA/ABC is officially tion of Sulphur Compounds in Forests in Southern bilingual, although translations are not pro- Finland. vided, and the Cinq-Mars Judging Committee Copies of the jou rn al can be obtained by always includes both French and English speaking contacting either the editorial staff (AQUILO ser. members. botanica, Department of Botany, University of Oulu, SF-90100 Oulu 10, Finland) or the distribu- tor for overseas (Akateeminen Kirjakauppa/The IOPB NEWSLETTER Academic Bookstore, P.O. Box 10128, SF-00101, Helsinki 10, Finland). There is no indication of The International Organization of Plant Bio- cost on the copies that I have seen. systematists has re-established the I0PB News- letter and Issue No. 1 (new Series) has just been published. The I0PB Newsletter is sent free to all members of IOPB. Membership in IOPB is for IOPB 1986 SYMPOSIUM the period 1983-1987, and is $25.00 U.S. The International Organization of Plant Bio- Contributions to the IOPB Newsletter for an systematists (I0PB) will hold a Symposium in international audience, including requests for Zürich, Switzerland, July 13-18, 1986, entitled material, items of research interest, notices of "Differentiation Patterns in Higher Plants". meetings, etc., may be sent by anyone to the Editor: Dr. Krystyna Urbanska, Geobotanische In addition to invited speakers, poster Institut, E.T.H., Zürichbergstrasse 38, CH-8044 sessions will be accommodated. Short scientific Zürich, Switzerland. excursions are also planned. Membership application forms may be obtained For information, write to the Chairperson: from: Dr. Liv Borgen, Secretary-Treasurer, I0PB, Dr. Krystyna Urbanska, Geobotanisches Institut, Botanical Garden and Museum, Trondheimsveien 23B, E.T.H., 38 Zürichbergstrasse, CH-8044 Zürich, Oslo 5, Norway. Or from: Dr. W.F. Grant, Switzerland. President, I0PB, Department of Plant Sciences, Box 282, Macdonald College, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Que.

25 PRESERVATION BY TRANSPLANTATION — A REPLY flora at Cayuga (de Boer et al., 1982). One should also note that the West German Federal Government has legislation concerning the re- There has been much discussion in recent creation of whole ecosystems and a group at issues of the Bulletin (Vol. 15(1):7; Vol. 15(3): Stuttgart University, including Dr. D. Bruns, is 30-32; and Vol. 16(2):1, 13-15, 19) concerning heavily involved in these activities. transplantation of rare species for conse rvation purposes. We feel that we must respond to some Our second point is that, in deciding whether of the statements made, and we hope that the or not transplanting is wise, one must take into following summarizes the main points raised thus account why the proposal is being made. Our far. proposal was made when other politically viable alternatives had been exhausted. The case of 1) There have been several statements by Dianne Schoenus ferrugineus L. mentioned by John Morton Fahselt, Paul Keddy and John Morton suggesting was similar attempt to stave off disaster for that transplanting is being proposed. a a doomed population. This is the lifeboat 2) A distinction has been made between trans- strategy of transplanting, and we believe that planting individual species and re-constituting it is valid. Then there is the case of the whole communities, and between flora and Steetly Quarry in Britain (see Vol. 16(2):19) vegetation. where transplanting is apparently being done to enable development to proceed. We believe that 3) Whether natural communities are preferable this approach entails real danger for the conser- to artificial ones is said to have been vation movement. The issue has been raised in questioned. the context of salt marsh preservation in the 4) Two of the earlier authors have asked what eastern U.S.A. Race and Christie (1982) conclude body of literature or experience of transplanting that "the critical determination must be to dis- exists. tinguish whether marsh creation and restoration techniques are used to mitigate unavoidable loss 5) Paul Keddy suggests that the outcome of trans- of wetlands and enhance estuarine systems, or to planting is uncertain and that there is not (and justify the destruction of wetlands". That is, never will be?) enough scientific data to justify one must carefully distinguish between the life- transplanting. boat approach and the enabling strategy where 6) Paul Keddy defined eight successive criteria development is seen as having automatic priority for establishment and reproductive viability of over conservation, and in which transplanting is transplants. He also pointed out that long-term the sugar coat to a bitter pill! (There is, of survival of populations may depend on rare, course, a third motive for transplanting invol- extreme environmental episodes. ving propagation and restoration of rare and endangered species to areas from which they have 7) Two hypotheses for absence of species from a been extirpated.) specific site have been suggested as a) specia- lization and b) dispersal. Paul Keddy has emphasized the technical diffi- culty of successful transplanting, and uses this The general tenor of the remarks has been as an argument against it. In lifeboat trans- hostile to transplanting. planting (e.g., at Oriskany), the worst that can We agree with points two, six and seven above, happen is that the plants are lost anyway. One and so will not address them further. We also of our objectives at the Oriskany site is to concur that one probably cannot ever create an assess the difficulty of transplanting and, in entirely natural community by transplanting. the event of a failure, this will be the best We wish to challenge and/or elaborate on the possible argument against attempts to transplant other points, as well as add some of our own. purely yo facilitate development! In the mean- time, we will learn a great deal about the eco- First, one must be careful not to distort the logical requirements of the species involved, and political picture. From the previous Bulletin about transplanting in general. On the other items one gains an impression that there is an hand, if one or more gene pools are preserved, impending deluge of transplantation proposed by then the species, the scientific community, and consulting companies in environmental hearings, society in general will have benefitted. There some of whom seem unable to state publicly that is very little literature on salvage trans- the natural habitat is botanically preferable to planting per se, though much has been written on artificial plantings, that these proposals pur- natural gardening, especially of prairie and port to be a solution, and that those without eastern deciduous species. However, we suggest scientific training in ecology (the proponents?) the interested reader refer to Conservation of always appear to underestimate the complexity of Threatened Plants (Simmons, et al., 1976), the problems involved. How many of these propo- chapters of which deal with problems of preser- sals are there, who are the proponents, and under ving threatened plant species and encourage what circumstances are the proposals being made? attempts at doing so. The technical argument The two British examples quoted are clearly insuf- against transplanting is certainly valid where ficient to establish the Canadian pattern! Are transplants are proposed to facilitate develop- the attitudes and lack of expertise attributed to ment. Conversely, merely to say that we know the unnamed individuals accurate? little about a problem is a very poor reason, in We can partially answer the objective aspects itself, to abandon transplanting — the of the above questions. We know of two propo- achievements of science, of which we are inheri- sals for transplanting in Ontario specifically tors, were never built upon such timid stuff! for the purpose of conservation of species threat- Surprisingly, two important factors have ened by development. The first concerns trans- never been raised in the transplanting debate. planting proposed for a number of species by Bob One concerns the problems which transplanting Dorney of Ecoplans at a hearing convened by the might raise for the phytogeographer (and we are Niagara Escarpment Commission concerning a pro- indebted here to Tony Reznicek for his comments). prosed quarry. The second is our own attempt to If transplanting is unsuccessful, it may provide preserve a few selected species of the Oriskany interesting theoretical information about why

26 plants are absent from certain sites (e.g., Simmons, J.B., R.I. Beyer, P.E. Brandham, G.L1. Clausen and Hiesey, 1958). Conversely, if it is Lucas V.T.H. Parry, Editors. 1976. Conserva- successful but undocumented, real confusion over tion of Threatened Plants. Pleanum Press, N.Y. the original distribution and genetic constitu- Roger Suffling tion of a species may result. For this reason Univ. of Waterloo we advocate that transplanting should normally be local (e.g., within a township). Long Gretchen de Boer distance transplanting should usually be Brock Univ. restricted to garden or arboretum situations where the likelihood of naturalization is rela- tively small. (Incidentally, has the Conserva- INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE tion Committee members considered the flour- ishing trade in wild plant stock and seeds when The Summer Program of the International it examines transplanting?) If transplanting does become common for whatever reasons, perhaps School of Vegetation Science, in numerical meth- a register of transplant attempts should be ods in ecology and systematics, was held at established as a means of avoiding confusion to Università degli Studi di Roma from June 19-29, later researchers. 1983. The Istituto di Botanica and Centro di Calcolo Interfacolia were hosts for the course. The other factor, which was addressed only briefly by Paul Keddy (Vol. 16(2):13-15), is the The course director, L. Orlóci, Department of probability of survival of populations over long Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, time periods. The island biogeography theory of gave a series of lectures on measurement, MacArthur and others (MacArthur and Wilson, sampling, comparisons, linear and non-linear 1967, and Diamond, 1975) suggests that dispersal ordinations, clustering, tests of distinguishi- of a species becomes less frequent as the bility, analysis of structured tables and iden- distance between islands increases. The tification methods. These were designed to distance between natural habitat islands is introduce the students to a range of current increasing under human influence so that the methods and problems in multivariate analysis. natural dispersal of propagules between them is Lectures were supported by open laboratories run inhibited. At the same time, the size of the by J. Bowles and N. Kenkel (Univ. of Western islands is being reduced, making for a smaller Ontario) in which students obtained hands-on flora within each as the diversity of habitat is computer experience using Apple II personal com- reduced, and, in addition, we interfere with puters. Participants were given the opportunity natural habitat within these remnants. Thus, to try out the methods introduced in lectures the likelihood of local extirpation increases. and explore and compare techniques using their It is impossible for a small community of bota- own data. Tutorials in matrix algebra and the nists to do very much to alter these overall BASIC language were given by M. Lagonegra (Uni- trends in land use, but by transplanting we verità di Trieste). G. Cavedon (Università di could make the hostile environment between habi- Roma) introduced the UNIVAC mainframe computer. tat islands more permeable to plant propagules. A series of special lectures on selected Such ideas are bound to be controversial, but topics was also given, including the philosophy we in North America must come to terms with an of ordinations and classifications by D.W. increasing need to manage remnant natural areas, Goodall (C.S.I.R.O., Australia), an introduction and such management must be based on logical to dynamic modelling by P. Juhász-Nagy (Eötvös reflection and experiment rather than emotional Lóránt Tudomány Egyetem, Hungary), a maximum gut reactions. Whether or not a transplant likelihood method of ordination by D.W. Goodall, attempt is wise in an individual situation can special response curves and ordinations by E. never b e answered by a simplistic policy, nor van der Maarel (Uppsala, Sweden), and the nature can the situation be resolved without reference of individuals, descriptions, equivalence, simi- to the particular political milieu and biologi- larity and pattern by M.B. Dale (C.S.I.R.O., cal facts. As with many other conservation Australia). problems, the appropriate means of arriving at a Workshops on "Information analysis in vegeta- decision are neither wholly an art, nor yet tion research", "Management and multivariate entirely scientific. To suggest otherwise is analysis of vegetation data", and "General naive. statistical packages" were given by E. Feoli, the Course Co-ordinator (Università di Trieste), References O. Wildi (Swiss Federal Forestry Service) and G. Clausen, J. Hiesey, W. 1958. Experimental Cavedon respectively. Studies on the Nature of Speices IV: Genetic A field trip to Circeo National Park allowed structure of ecological races. Carnegie Inst. participants to study undisturbed woodland Washington, Publ. 615. (See also earlier dominated by Quercus ilex and climb Monte Circeo works cited therin.) (514 m) to examine vegetation types, including de Boer, G., R. Suffling, L. Duquette L. the dominant Maccia. McGuire. 1982. Feasibility Study for Salvage Over 40 faculty and students from 14 coun- of the Oriskany Flora. Working Paper Series No. 10, School of Urban and Regional Planning, tries attended the course. Plans are underway to hold similar courses on a regular basis at Univ. of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont. Diamond, J.M. 1975. The island dilemma: lessons different host institutions. of modern biogeographic studies for the design Jane M. Bowles of nature reserves. Biol. Conserv. 7:129-145. London, Ont. MacArthur, R.H. E.O. Wilson. 1967. Island Bio- geography. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton. Race, M.S. D. Christie. 1982. Mitigation marsh creation and decision making in the coastal zone. Environmental Management.

27 for this private privilege. RUSSIA 1983 From Tbilisi we travelled by bus along the old Last May, Don Fraser and I conducted a study military road through the Lower Caucasus Moun- tour through the U.S.S.R. under the auspices of tains to Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. the Continuing Education Department of Concordia Although we did make a couple of stops en route, University, Montreal. The itinerary included the steep winding road did not allow much choice the cities of Moscow, Leningrad, Tbilisi, Yerevan and we had to content ourselves with photographs and Baku. We were fortunate with the weather — taken from the moving bus. We managed better Moscow, and particularly Leningrad, were about 2 later, when we travelled to Geghard, the ancient to 3 weeks ahead of the normal season. On May 2, monastery built into rock north of Yerevan. We the vegetation in Moscow was about 2-3 weeks saw extensive measures of "conservation" - bare ahead of that in Toronto. The spring flora was hillsides plowed in contours and planted with therefore in full bloom, even in Leningrad. shrubs and trees. It was also mentioned, when we Although the Moscow Botanical Garden was really observed the many new houses under construction not quite ready for the outdoor visitor, we were in the mountains, that individuals can own such graciously received and the short tour on a homes in the country provided that they grow and blustery day gave us a general impression of the care for trees around the property. locally represented tree species. Native, as Flying to Baku was the only time we were well as introduced, herbaceous spring-flowering reminded of a photographic tabu - no photos species were distributed under the trees. allowed from the plane. When we saw the large At the Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physio- oil slicks on the Caspian Sea, this warning was logy, Academy of Science, we were welcomed by understood. The city, first visited by us four- Academicians A. Kursanov and M. Chailakhyan, with teen years ago, was now disappointing. New whom my colleague had worked in 1969 while on an apartment houses did not harmonize with the U.S.S.R Academy of Science - Canada National beautiful old buildings and the smell of oil, Research Council exchange. Since that time, a absent before, was most penetrating. The trees new section was added to the Institute and the that we admired before in downtown Baku, planted staff was proud to show us as much of their new and sustained with irrigation for over 40 years, facilities as time permitted. They even had tea, were still flourishing. sandwiches, cookies and publications ready for Over the years I have been the recipient of us. The next day we were guests of Dr. L. Ilyina many botanical books from the Soviet Union. Some and the Vice-Director of the Academy of Science were gifts received during visits to laboratories Geography Institute. It was interesting to find in 1969, others a follow-up to those visits or that this Institute has a large biogeographical following contacts established during interna- unit with extensive research projects in differ- tional meetings - both procedures probably ent regions of the Soviet Union. familiar to colleagues in similar position. It The Kirov Order Lenin Forest Academy was on was therefore shocking to find it impossible to our itinerary in Leningrad. It was interesting obtain, in various specifically recommended book- to learn that men abd women are about equally stores in several cities, any literature whatever, represented in the 12,000 students, and half of scientific or popular, that would aid in the them study only part time. All are assured of a identification or understanding of the flora of job on graduation, with an established procedure the Caucasus region. This lack was unexpected, to give the best choice to the best students. because I have collected a wide array of semi- In the nearby arboretum we observed the perfor- popular, well-illustrated, "flower" books in many mance of native and introduced species. parts of North America and Europe. I shall never forget the Komarov Botanical The first indication of such difficulties was Garden of the Academy of Science. I was parti- encountered while visiting the Timiryazev Insti- cularly interested in the flowering specimens tute in Moscow. I was informed that my letter from Siberia in the rock garden. After my inquiring about such a text had arrived very pre-occupation with close-up photography I looked belatedly and did not leave time for a search; up to be confronted with a militia guard. He the Geography Institute had various useful infor- asked in Russian: "Cant you read? It is mation concerning our journey, but specifics forbidden to walk through the rockery!". My concerning the flora were not available. It was answer was a truthful "Nyet!" — although I can only then that I began to realize that books make myself understood in Russian, reading is a previously presented to us were probably a much slower process, especially when time is at valuable possession of the donor. It explained a premium. Thus I continued to explain that I why the books received were not new, except for was a visitor from Canada who could not visit those mailed to us by the authors. Siberia on this trip to study its flora. Since In all the three cities I was directed to I was already leaving, all appeared well. Then I specialized bookstores, although none of them was saw a beautiful Fritillaria — "Just one more associated with a university. I found the type photo?" — He shrugged his shoulders and left. of books that I was searching for in one - Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, although however, they were Czech or Hungarian and not of picturesque along the Kura River, did not quite the Soviet Union. The same store, in Leningrad, live up to my romantic imagination. This was the had a wide collection of lovely books from the locale of a series of novels for young girls, of Easte rn Block. None of the stores visited had princesses and Tatars, by the Russian author popular illustrated Russian books on plants, Czarska. This author was unknown to any of our although I have in my possession such a book on Soviet acquaintances. Of botanical interest was mushrooms given to me several years ago. In a small garden near Mtskheta, where an amateur Yerevan I found individual volumes of two floras, hortículturalist collected a large representation one of them from Siberia. Both were represented of cultivated plants. He died at a venerable age, only by their second volume, i.e., only the but his family kept up the property. It appeared second half of plant families. This store also to us that the welcome to tourists was their price had a book on plants of the Moscow Botanical

28 Garden that I bought. The information given in BOOK REVIEWS a second-hand bookstore was that books about plants are very popular and sell almost immedi- Triggerplants by Rica Erickson. 1981. Univer- ately. sity of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, W.A. It might be of interest to future visitors to 229 pp. (First published in 1958 by Paterson the U.S.S.R. to know that at the time of our Brokensha Pty Ltd., reprinted 1981 by U.W.A.). visit we were not successful in mailing back to Obtainable from International Scholarly Book Canada any books written in Russian. This needs Services, Inc., P.O. Box 1632, Beaverton, OR clearance by the Soviet academics concerned — 97075, U.S.A. $11.95 U.S. a Dean or Director of a University. Only English Reprinting a book 23 years after publication books were accepted for mailing by the Post makes it more available, but in science it does Office — a fact that made our suitcases heavy little else. Triggerplants was written for to carry. However, we encountered no difficulty popular use. As the first comprehensive work on in bringing those books, or the many rolls of triggerplants in the English language, it also exposed film, back home in our personal luggage. sought to serve professional biologists. Erika E. Gaertner The book is concerned with two genera (Styli- Economic Botanist dium, triggerplants, and Levenhookia, styleworts) Town of Mt. Royal, Que of the Stylidiaceae. They are largely confined to Australia and seem to offer a range of intri- guing phenomena for study. The group is of CANADIAN CONGRESS OF BIOLOGY interest not only to biosystematists (there is the standard diversity to be found in southern Western Australia), but also to anatomists (see Planning is well underway for the Canadian Carlquist, Amer. J. Bot. 68:778-785, 1981), plant Congress of Biology to be held June 23-28, 1985, physiologists (the trigger mechanism is separ- London, Ont. ately repoised and sensitized), and cell biolo- 1. An All-Congress Banquet is proposed for Wed- gists (in S. graminifolium, each trigger reset nesday, June 26. The CBA/ABC Banquet and Awards is accompanied by a pulse of pollen maturation Presentation is proposed for Thursday, June 27, that takes only 15-20 min to complete). possibly with one or more of the other societies. The book begins with a general introduction 2. A tentative list of topics (see below) for and discussion of insect pollinators, notes on Congress Symposia has been drawn up, although pollen structure and identification keys to some the precise meaning and direction that these 100 species. There follows an annotated cata- might take have yet to be determined. They will logue in which plants are grouped by form and/or be programmed into 4 i-day sessions. geographical distribution. Each section begins with a brief essay, in which the reader is a) Basic Research in the Biological Sciences presented with a fascinating array of informa- in Canada tion and history. The text is often very effec- b) Forestry tive in creating word pictures of the quite c) Biotechnology amazing geographical and ecological diversity d) Greenhouse Effect which is the background for these beautiful e) Soil; biota; fertility plants. The line drawings are also very useful, f) Ageing however the water colours serve little purpose g) Developmental Biology now that so many excellent colour photographs are h) Germplasm available. i) Life in a Cold Climate j) Acid Rain The reprinting is laudable as a means of k) Disease/Resistant reminding us of this plant group, but the fail- 1) Ecology: Current and Future Research ure to revise the text is a missed opportunity Questions to incorporate new information. Seven new species have been described since 1958, there It is most appropriate that suggestions/recom- have been several reports of extended distribu- mendations and comments be made soon to help with tion, and there have been major cytogenetic con- their development into stimulating and useful tributions, most recently by Coates (Aust. J. exercises. Contact your Section Chairperson, or Bot. 29:397-418, 1981). One can only hope, that Dr. R.I. Greyson, Dept. of Plant Sciences, Univ. preparation of Flora Australensis will generate of Western Ontario, London, Ont N6A 5B7 an up-dated treatment of this group. It should 3. The Section Chairmen have been requested to not then be difficult to provide the layman, and provide information on activities and space the visiting botanist, with a guide to this requests for their individual sections. fascinating group of plants. 4. The Congress probably will not arrange any In short, this is not a book for purchase special field trips. The individual Sections although anyone with more than a passing interest will be responsible for suggesting and arranging in the Australian flora should know of its exi- field trips if so desired. stence.

Dick Greyson Iain E.P. Taylor CBA/ABC Representative Dept. of Botany CCB Steering Committee Univ. of British Columbia Univ. of Western Ontario La Randonnée Sauvage by Sylvain Thomassin. 1983. Masson et Réalisations Editoriales Pédagogiques, Paris. 196 pp. Illustrated. 79 Fr. (In French) The eight chapters are subdivided into indexed sections. Simple drawings illustrate the principles involved. The first three chap- ters are devoted to orientation and the use of a 29 compass; map interpretation, correlation of time Provincial Museum Handbook Series. It deals with sun or moon and its relation to the estab- with the Sedge Family (Cyperaceae) of British lishment of geographic position. They occupy Columbia, and its author is the late T.M.C. 107 pages of the 188 pages of actual information. Taylor. It is one of the best of the family treatments in the Handbook series, and it is Chapter 4, The trip — informs on proper regretful that T.M.C. Taylor died before its planning, plotting of the trip, and leaving publication. information with a time schedule. It includes suggestions, with detailed drawings, of scaling Almost all of the species included are illus- steep rocks or traversing a lake in an improvised trated and their distributions plotted in maps. raft. It depicts a method to crawl up on the Good descriptions and short summaries of each ice if unlucky enough to fall through it; how to species distribution are presented. The treat- protect oneself against snowblindness or insects; ment of sedges follows the sectional divisions and finally a set of diagrams indicates the defined by Mackenzie. The whole page layout and various types of clouds and their interpretation. typeface of the keys and headings resemble those found in Hermanns Manual of the Carices of the Chapter 5, Fire — describes the making of Rocky Mountains and Colorado Basin. fire for the night, to signal, or to cook. I would have liked this chapter and chapter 7 The overall treatment is good. The author combined, because there we find the application sometimes accepts a rather broad species concept of fire to cooking in the field. (such as in Carex rossii and related taxa) and does not recognize infraspecific categories. Chapter 6, The shelter — devotes 6 pages to This can be misleading. On the other hand, the diagrams of knots and several pages to stakes solution of some of these problems would require and poles, their shaping and tying for the set- much deeper study, going beyond the objectives up of different shelters. A sketch of a cot of this handbook. made from sticks is also included. I would prefer to find the snow shelters illustrated and In August 1978 I went through the manuscript described in the Survival section in this one. when it was almost ready for publication. The time lapse between that year and the date of Chapter 7, Eat and drink — is preoccupied publication is responsible for most of the books with the provision, purification, and steriliza- shortcomings. Since 1978 floristic finds and tion of water. It presents different techniques more recent taxonomical treatments (Whitkus, of campfire cooking. Standley, etc.) have added over a dozen species It was only in the last chapter on Survival to the family Cyperaceae in British Columbia. that I found any reference to plants. It was Unlike good wine, botanical manuscripts tend to encouraging to see that poisonous plants were of go stale and become outdated with age, and we primary importance to the author. Then came a should try to shorten the publication process. shock of discovery -- besides plants with I know of several other manuscripts, most notably latex, only those with red parts or fruits were T.C. Brayshaws Aquatic Monocots (submitted in warned against. Even is this text was meant to 1980), which are either "in press" or "off press" cover only France, the omissions are serious. for unreasonably long periods of time. The A superficial survey can name several plants printing costs of T.M.C. Taylors book were in with dark blue or black berries that are danger- the end covered by the Donor Fund of the Friends ous to eat: Belladonna (Atropa belladonna), of the B.C. Provincial Museum. This dedicated Paris quadrifolia, Privet (Ligustrum vulgare), group of people have made significant contribu- and at least one plant with white berries that tions to advances in botany in British Columbia is on the suspect list - Mistletoe (Viscum by sponsoring this and other projects. However, album). Nevertheless, it was stressed that it a publication of this significance should not was imperative to know each mushroom collected. have to wait for help from private benefactors. The section in this chapter that I have found From an editorial point of view, the book has particularly interesting was concerned with a few minor deficiencies. Some names are mis- "fresh-air diseases of France". It made me spelled, the names of authorities are not uni- realize how careless a tourist can become in an formly abbreviated, and the page numbers have unknown environment: walking barefoot on a been left out of references in the introduction. beach can become disastrous if you step on a The title of the book is a mystery tome. The poisonous fish or handle it, even if dead; cover says "The Sedge Family of British Colum- different tapeworms have more or less serious bia", the spine "The Sedges of British Columbia" consequences - they can be contracted by and the title page "The Sedge Family (Cypera- handling contaminated material or meat that has ceae). According to my friendly librarian, the been insufficiently cooked. last of the above is the official title!

This is a beautiful little book, soft linen Adolf Ceska covers and glossy pages, on backpacking. It is B.C. Prov. Museum a perfect text for a course with a good instruc- Victoria tor, very theoretical, and the aim at an univer- sal scope is apparent in the description of Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver indivdual chapters. It does not mention conser- Island by Nancy J. Turner, John Thomas, Barry F. vation of the environment or consideration of Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie. 1983. Occasional future trekkers, an important factor when the Papers Series No. 24, B.C. Provincial Museum, popularity of this pastime is considered. Victoria. B.C. Provincial Museum, Victoria, and Erika E. Gaertner Parks Canada. x + 165 pp. $5.00 Economic Botanist Nancy Turner is one of the most respected Town of Mt. Royal, Que ethnobotanists on the West Coast. John Thomas is a Nitinaht Indian who received the traditional The Sedge Family (Cyperaceae) by T.M.C. Taylor. training, but later in middle age trained as a 1983. Handbook No. 43, B.C. Provincial Museum, Native Language Instructor at the University of Victoria. vi + 375 pp. $7.00 Victoria. Barry Carlson is a member of the A new handbook has just appeared in the B.C. 30 Department of Linguistics at U.Vic., and Robert rather than as popular publications for general Ogilvie is at the B.C. Provincial Museum. readers. The study reported here was initiated in the The material presented in this book is based spring of 1980 with a grant from the Friends of on an article "Blackfoot Indian Utilization of the B.C. Provincial Museum. Little is known of the Flora of the Northwestern Great Plains" the ethnobotany of the Native peoples on the (Econ. Bot. 24:301-324, 1970). It is chiefly a west coast of Vancouver Island, and no systematic review of the literature on the relationship work had been undertaken with the Nitinahts. The between the Blackfoot and plants, but is no less recording of traditional information on the names useful because it brings together a number of and uses of plants is important and urgent — references that may now be difficult to find. many cultural traditions are being lost through There are 90 illustrations, all except 3 being assimilation into western society, particularly of plants — the others are a map of the area as the elderly tribal members die. historically occupied, a Cree Grass Dance (1885) Much of the traditional Nitinaht territory and a Blackfoot Tobacco Dance Ceremony (1943-44). falls within proposed boundaries of sections of The plants are listed by Latin name, and the the Pacific Rim National Park. The authors hope English common name and Blackfoot name(s) are that the data presented will be useful in plan- also provided. This is followed by usage of the ning the future role of various traditional plant as described in the literature, thus resource areas, and in interpreting to park visi- bringing together information that may be tors the natural and human history of the park scattered in several references. lands. They also feel that it will be a valuable contribution to the Nitinaht people themselves The author also provides a list of unidenti- in that it preserves an important element of fied species that have Blackfoot names, and a their heritage. long list of references. The first four chapters include an outline of This is another useful addition to the ethno- the linguistic affiliations of the Nitinaht, the botany of the Native peoples of western Canada, vegetation and environment of the region, and the and it is to be hoped that it will spur the devel- role of plants in the traditional culture (as opment of field studies with surviving elders of foods, materials and medicines), including a the tribe, such as those done by Nancy Turner section on Nitinaht nomenclature and classifica- et al. tion of plants. Descriptions of the roles of The book can be obtained from: Provincial plants occupy over 30 pages and are fascinating, Museum of Alberta, Alberta Culture, 12845 - 102 including the fact that John Thomas made several Ave., Edmonton, Alta T5N 0M6 items during the course of the field studies to actually demonstrate usage. Sylvia Taylor UBC Botanical Garden The Inventory of Plant Species Named and/or Used by the Nitinaht takes over 80 pages, with the families and genera arranged alphabetically within the divisions of plants. Each species BOOKS TO NOTE listed is provided with its Latin name and authority, common name and Nitinaht name, with a Biogeography and Ecology of the Island of literal translation of the meaning in many cases. Newfoundland edited by G.R. South. 1983. This is then followed by a description of its Monographiae Biologicae 48. 648 pp. Dfl. 300 tradititional use. (approx. $130.00 U.S.). There is a Reference List, and 6 appendices The island of Newfoundland has much in common — Nitinaht plants unidentified botanically, biologically with the neighbouring Canadian annotated list of some species for which no Maritime Provinces, but it also has many unique names or uses were known, names of some intro- features which are highlighted in this volume. duced plants and plant products in Nitinaht, The geological evolution is described first, orthographic system for Nitinaht terms, and an followed by a detailed review of the climate example of the transcription of an interview and a first classification of the soils. These taped in Nitinaht. There are two indices — are followed by descriptions of the ecology, one to Nitinaht plant names and one to botanical plants, insects and mammals. Several members of and colloquial names. CBA/ABC are listed as authors of the various The book is beautifully illustrated with a chapters. total of 83 photographs and drawings (by Eliza- beth J. Stephen, botanical illustrator at the Wildflowers of the Yukon and Northwestern Canada Museum). These include plants, tools and including adjacent Alaska by John G. Trelawny. techniques. 1984. Sono Nis Press, 1745 Blanshard Street, Victoria, B.C. V8W 2J8. 214 pp. $16.95 This is a very useful and welcome addition to the ethnobotany of Western Canada. It can be A guide to the native plants of the area, that obtained from: Publications, B.C. Provincial provides both the Latin names and the common Museum, Victoria, B.C. V8V 1X4. names of the plants included. It contains 382 full colour photographs, 96 outline drawings and Sylvia Taylor 2 page map. UBC Botanical Garden Succulent Flora of Southern Africa by Doreen Plants and the Blackfoot by Alex Johnston. 1982. Court. 1981. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotter- Natural History Occasional Paper No. 4, Provin- dam, Netherlands. 240 pp. Hfl. 85 ($39.50U.S.) cial Museum of Alberta, Historical Resources Division. xii + 106 pp. No price indicated. Orchids of Nigeria by L.B. Segerback. 1983. A.A. The Occasional Papers are designed to promote Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, Netherlands. rapid dissemination of information and are 122 pp. Hfl. 95 ($37.50 U.S.) intended primarily for interested specialists

31 POSITIONS OPEN FORTHCOMING MEETING

University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Seventeenth Session of the International Poplar Commission, October 1-4, 1984, Westin Hotel, Chairperson, Department of Botany — A Ottawa, Ont. botanist is required as chairperson for the newly reorganized Department of Botany at the The International Poplar Commission was estab- University of Guelph. The Department currently lished in France in 1947, and is holding only its has strengths in the areas of plant structure, second Session in North America since its incep- development, physiology, ecology and biosystema- tion. The Commission is an umbrella organization tics, and will interact with the newly formed for autonomous poplar councils or commissions in Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics. the 32 member countries. The 17th Session is The candidate should be dedicated to excellence being arranged by the Canadian Forestry Service in research and teaching and have the capacity and the Poplar Council of Canada. The Poplar to strengthen existing fields within the depart- Council of Canada and that of the U.S. are ment, and promote development of new directions concerned with poplar hybrids and also with the within plant biology. more efficient production and better use of native aspen and cottonwood. In accordance with Canadian Immigration requirements, priority will be given to Canadian The purpose of the Commission, which operates citizens and permanent residents of Canada. This within the framework of FAO, is to facilitate position is subject to final budgetary approval. the exchange of ideas, information, research results and plant material among the member Applicants should send Curriculum Vitae and countries, and to promote poplar cultivation and the names of three referees before May 1, 1984 use. More than 200 delegates are expected to to: Dr. B.H. Sells, Dean, College of Biological attend the Session in Ottawa, which will deal Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont with subjects such as poplar breeding, pathology, N1G 2W1 biomass production systems, logging and utiliza- tion. Pre-session tours to plantations in Quebec Chairperson, Department of Molecular Biology and eastern Ontario and to poplar-using plants in and Genetics — A new Department of Molecular northern Ontario are planned. Post-session tours Biology and Genetics has recently been estab- to visit plantations and industries in the States lished by the University Senate. A search is of Kentucky, Mississippi and Wisconsin are also being initiated for a departmental chairperson planned. who is dedicated to excellence in research and teaching who will direct this department during For further information, contact: Dr. Robert its formative stages in attracting new faculty Gambles, Executive Secretary, Poplar Council of and developing new courses and/or programs. The Canada, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, group of individuals who will form the nucleus Maple, Ont LOJ 1E0 of, or who will be associated with, this new venture include those with research interests in cell and molecular biology of gene expression, developmental biology, and genetic recombination. A new facility is being constructed to house the department. In accordance with Canadian Immigration requirements, priority will be given to Canadian The Bulletin of the Canadian Botanical Assoc. citizens and permanent residents of Canada. Editor: Mrs. Sylvia Taylor This position is subject to final budgetary Office of The Botanical Garden approval. University of British Columbia 6501 N.W. Marine Drive Applicants should send Curriculum Vitae and VANCOUVER, B. C. V6T 1W5 the names of at least three referees before May 1, 1984, to: Dr. B.H. Sells, Dean, College Issued quarterly in January, April, July and of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, October, and sent to all members of the Associa- Guelph, Ont N1G 2W1 tion. Non-members may subscribe at a price of $20.00 p.a. ($5.00 per issue) post free. Cheques or money orders (in Canadian funds ONLY) MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL should be made payable to "The Canadian Botanical Association" and addressed to the Editor.

A reminder that membership renewal forms were Advertisements for Positions Open and Classified sent out in November 1983, and that the member- categories may be placed at a cost of $l0 (Can) ship list has now been cleared of all unpaid per published column inch. Advertisements by members. individual members for post-doctoral opportuni- ties and Positions Wanted are carried free. If any of your colleagues comment that they have not received a copy of the Bulletin, or Material for inclusion in the Bulletin should that it is late, please remind them of the above. reach the Editor at least one month prior to the Even better, show them the copy of the combined date of publication of that issue. CBA/ABC - CSPP/SCPP membership directory that is To ensure prompt delivery of the Bulletin please included with this issue. This directory contains notify the Editor of any change of address as all those members who had renewed by February 29, soon as possible. when the Secretary cleared the list. If their name is missing, then either they renewed after Inquiries about membership of the CBA/ABC should February 29 or not at all. We would like to be addressed to the Secretary of the Associa- retrieve their names from limbo if they would tion:- Dr. Iain E.P. Taylor, Department of only contact the Treasurer, and send him a cheque Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, for the correct amount! B.C. V6T 1W5

32