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New Materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong Hominoid Site in Southern China DONG Wei1 JI Xue-Ping2 Nina G
-327 第52卷 第3期 古 脊 椎 动 物 学 报 pp. 316 2014年7月 VERTEBRATA PALASIATICA figs. 1-5 New materials of the Late Miocene Muntiacus from Zhaotong hominoid site in southern China DONG Wei1 JI Xue-Ping2 Nina G. JABLONSKI3 Denise F. SU4 LI Wen-Qi5 (1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China [email protected]) (2 Research Center for Southeast Asian Archeology & Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Kunming 650118, China) (3 Department of Anthropology, the Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802, USA) (4 Department of Paleobotany and Paleoecology, Cleveland Museum of Natural History Cleveland, OH 44106, USA) (5 Zhaoyang Museum Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000, China) Abstract Rescue excavations carried out from 2007 to 2010 at the Shuitangba lignite field in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, not only resulted in the discovery of a new hominoid cranium and the addition of a new hominoid site in Yunnan, but the finding of a new muntjak with following characters: the brow tine is very close to the burr, which is moderately developed; the main beam extends backward and somewhat laterally, and then turns somewhat medially; and the neocrista and entocingulum are developed on the upper molars. The four limbs are relatively short. A cladistic analysis shows that the new materials represent a muntjak that is not in a sister-group relationship with Muntiacus leilaoensis from Yuanmou Late Miocene hominoid site, but rather represents an independent branch. Muntiacus zhaotongensis sp. nov. is proposed for the new muntjak materials. -
Social, Political and Cultural Challenges of the Brics Social, Political and Cultural Challenges of the Brics
SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL CHALLENGES OF THE BRICS SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL CHALLENGES OF THE BRICS Gustavo Lins Ribeiro Tom Dwyer Antonádia Borges Eduardo Viola (organizadores) SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL CHALLENGES OF THE BRICS Gustavo Lins Ribeiro Tom Dwyer Antonádia Borges Eduardo Viola (organizadores) Summary PRESENTATION Social, political and cultural challenges of the BRICS: a symposium, a debate, a book 9 Gustavo Lins Ribeiro PART ONE DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICIES IN THE BRICSS Social sciences and the BRICS 19 Tom Dwyer Development, social justice and empowerment in contemporary India: a sociological perspective 33 K. L. Sharma India’s public policy: issues and challenges & BRICS 45 P. S. Vivek From the minority points of view: a dimension for China’s national strategy 109 Naran Bilik Liquid modernity, development trilemma and ignoledge governance: a case study of ecological crisis in SW China 121 Zhou Lei 6 • Social, political and cultural challenges of the BRICS The global position of South Africa as BRICS country 167 Freek Cronjé Development public policies, emerging contradictions and prospects in the post-apartheid South Africa 181 Sultan Khan PART TWO ContemporarY Transformations AND RE-ASSIGNMENT OF political AND cultural MEANING IN THE BRICS Political-economic changes and the production of new categories of understanding in the BRICS 207 Antonádia Borges South Africa: hopeful and fearful 217 Francis Nyamnjoh The modern politics of recognition in BRICS’ cultures and societies: a chinese case of superstition -
The History of Gyalthang Under Chinese Rule: Memory, Identity, and Contested Control in a Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan
THE HISTORY OF GYALTHANG UNDER CHINESE RULE: MEMORY, IDENTITY, AND CONTESTED CONTROL IN A TIBETAN REGION OF NORTHWEST YUNNAN Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2016 Approved by: Michael Tsin Michelle T. King Ralph A. Litzinger W. Miles Fletcher Donald M. Reid © 2016 Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii! ! ABSTRACT Dá!a Pejchar Mortensen: The History of Gyalthang Under Chinese Rule: Memory, Identity, and Contested Control in a Tibetan Region of Northwest Yunnan (Under the direction of Michael Tsin) This dissertation analyzes how the Chinese Communist Party attempted to politically, economically, and culturally integrate Gyalthang (Zhongdian/Shangri-la), a predominately ethnically Tibetan county in Yunnan Province, into the People’s Republic of China. Drawing from county and prefectural gazetteers, unpublished Party histories of the area, and interviews conducted with Gyalthang residents, this study argues that Tibetans participated in Communist Party campaigns in Gyalthang in the 1950s and 1960s for a variety of ideological, social, and personal reasons. The ways that Tibetans responded to revolutionary activists’ calls for political action shed light on the difficult decisions they made under particularly complex and coercive conditions. Political calculations, revolutionary ideology, youthful enthusiasm, fear, and mob mentality all played roles in motivating Tibetan participants in Mao-era campaigns. The diversity of these Tibetan experiences and the extent of local involvement in state-sponsored attacks on religious leaders and institutions in Gyalthang during the Cultural Revolution have been largely left out of the historiographical record. -
The Mission Was Conducted by Mr
Report by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Fact-Finding Mission on the Legal Protection of National Folklore China November 28 to December 4, 2002 The Mission was conducted by Mr. Wend Wendland, Head, Traditional Creativity and Cultural Expressions Section, Traditional Knowledge Division, and Ms. Helga Tabuchi, Assistant Legal Officer, Copyright Law Division, Copyright and Related Rights Sector, of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). WIPO’s meetings and activities in China were facilitated and coordinated by the Ministry of Culture of the Chinese Government. The WIPO representatives were accompanied throughout the mission by Mr. Lei Xining, Deputy Director General, Bureau of Policy and Regulation, Ministry of Culture; Mr. Ye Qi Lian, Vice Director, Department of Culture, Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee, National People’s Congress; Ms. Zhao Weiying, Division of Multilateral Affairs, Bureau for External Cultural Relations, Ministry of Culture; Miss Wang Heyun, Department of Policy and Law, Ministry of Culture; and, Mr. Cai Yenghui, Yunnan Provincial Department of Culture (in Yunnan only). Beijing The WIPO delegation arrived in Beijing on November 28, 2002, where they were met by the above officials. The WIPO and Chinese officials departed on that same day for Kunming, Yunnan Province, the province in which the fact-finding mission took place. ./. The Terms of Reference for this mission are attached. Kunming On Thursday, November 28, upon arrival in Kunming, the WIPO delegation and the Ministry of Culture officials participated in a dinner hosted by the Yunnan Provincial Department of Culture. Among the local officials hosting the dinner were Ms. Zhao Zi Zhuang, Deputy Director of the Department. -
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SEEING DIAN THROUGH BARBARIAN EYES Aedeen Cremin The Australian National University; [email protected] ABSTRACT (Rode 2004:326). Men are the only people shown as individ- The Late Bronze Age burial sites in the Dian region of Yun- uals while women are seen in communal situations. There do nan are known for the originality, wealth and variety of their not seem to be any family scenes and only a few images of bronze artefacts. This paper examines a set of published im- children. ages of cattle and textiles in an attempt to see the Dian world A high level of craftsmanship is evidenced early on at in its own terms. It notes the transfer of decoration between Dabona, outside the Dian area proper. The tomb contained a bronzes and textiles and considers the apotropaic nature of house-shaped coffin, 2.43 x 0.790 x 0.765 m, made of seven some items. pieces of sheet bronze, decorated on all visible surfaces (HKMH 2004:96-97). It demonstrates some of the metallur- INTRODUCTION gical accomplishments of the Dian cultures, which include It will take years for archaeologists to fully understand the lost-wax, chasing and engraving (Barnard 1996-97:7-16, 59- more than 10,000 bronze artefacts recovered from the 28 sites 61). The coffin alloy is high in copper and contains some lead excavated in the Dian region between 1995 and 2005. The as well as tin: Cu 89.6, Sn 5.02, Pb 2.25 (Pirazzoli- sites are generally coeval with the Warring States, Qin and T‟Serstevens 1974:147-148). -
Myanmar Bronzes and the Dian Cultures of Yunnan
MYANMAR BRONZES AND THE DIAN CULTURES OF YUNNAN Elizabeth Howard Moore School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Department of Art & Archaeology, London; [email protected] ABSTRACT Myanmar, including ‘mother-goddess’ figures, bronze pack- Bronze artefacts from the Samon Valley (circa 19-22º N, 95- ets (kye doke), floral ornaments, swords and axes. There are 97ºE) in central Myanmar are strikingly similar to pieces also semi-precious stone rings, glass rings and beads with from Lijiashan, 80 km south of Kunming, Yunnan. The affini- some generic forms, such as spherical carnelian beads. Other ties to Lijiashan are greater than those to the larger and artefacts, including green stone beads in the shape of an ele- more renowned cemetery of Shizhaishan. The dates of the phant and carnelian beads in the shape of a tiger with a cub in Samon Culture overlap with the earlier Dian cemeteries. the mouth, are unique to Myanmar. Most, but not all, of the Most of the Samon finds are not found outside Myanmar, bronzes and other Samon artefacts appear to have been man- such as small wire packets, floral ornaments and 'mother- ufactured from local resources. In addition to metals and goddess' figures. The Samon Valley and Upper Myanmar -precious stones, the Samon region has salt deposits and cot- may be the areas referred to in Chinese texts as beyond the ton production. Many of these goods were also valued in „barbarian‟ regions that came under Han control in the early Yunnan, with cotton and salt traded with Nanchao in the later centuries CE. -
Forming the Gejiu Tin Industry and the French Yunnan Railway, 1910-1937
Subverting the French Stranglehold: Miao Yuntai, re- forming the Gejiu tin industry and the French Yunnan Railway, 1910-1937 Thomas E. McGrath During the late nineteenth century, France carved out a colonial empire in Southeast Asia creating French Indochina. Then, French po- litical and commercial interests undertook the formidable task of building the Yunnan Railway to link their colony with South China. These French interests envisioned the Yunnan Railway as the premiere mechanism in the economic penetration and political domination of Yunnan province. The lucrative Gejiu tin mines, located near the French Indochina border in southeastern Yunnan, were of particular economic interest to foreign and provincial authorities. Railway company officials, French colonial officials and banks all believed that they could derive a considerable profit from dominating the tin trade, which had historically passed along a river route through Vietnam. For the first several decades of operations, French co- lonial officials, railway authorities and banking interests placed a strangle- hold on the tin trade via this international artery. In the 1930s, however, the provincial militarist governor Long Yun, through his economic advisor Miao Yuntai, would succeed in partially subverting French control over the tin trade and turn this powerful engine of foreign imperialism to serve the needs of provincial militarism. The Gejiu tin mining region, only 25 miles from the railway line, was a focal point for provincial and foreign economic competition. The Gejiu tin mines were the most valuable, legitimate economic resource in the prov- ince during the 1920s and 1930s and the most productive tin mining opera- tion anywhere in China.1 Yunnanese and French political and commercial interests intensified their struggle for control of the tin trade as exports increased due to proximity to the railway. -
2014 Valley & Ridge Goes to China
Day-by-Day Itinerary Valley and Ridge goes to China May 21-June 12, 2014 May 21 - • Early Afternoon Arrival in Kunming, Yunnan Province • Dinner with Yunnan Vice-President Xiao May 22 - • Walking Tour of Yunnan University neighborhood (Green Lake area; Farmer’s market; Bird and Flower Market; center city Kunming) May 23 - • Fieldtrip to Chengjiang early Cambrian geological site and museum with Dr. Yujing and Prof. Hao (faculty at Yunnan U, Key laboratory in Paleobiology are the discoverers and chief research group for this world famous early life fossil locality) May 24 - • Fieldtrip to Shilin Stone Forest World Heritage Site (Permian Karst limestone weathering) • Visit Farmer/Entrepreneur Mr. Wu Yunfeng (experimental farm, training facility, solar water heating and biogas installations in sustainable village) May 25 - • Free day and arrival of Kristin Strock May 26 - • Fieldtrip to new University City (new home for 11 university entities on the outskirts of Kunming) • Participated in alternative energy conference at Yunnan Normal University campus • Visit to Yunnan Normal Univ. Institute for Alternative Energy (exhibit of solar and biomass energy technologies) • Lecture: Biomass energy conversion by Dr. Xu May 27 – • Lecture: Overview of Chinese minorities; Dr. Bai of the Ethnology Research Institute • Lunch with Drs. He and Li (Director and Vice Director of the Institute • Visit and tour of Kunming Botanical Garden May 28 – • Tour of Yunnan University Key Paleobiology labs • Tour of Yunnan University Anthropology Museum (?) • Lecture: Agricultural Economics in Yunnan Province by Dr. Zhang Huijiun, Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences, Ethnology Research Section May 29 – • Lecture: Kunming’s Water History (Pan Long Jiang river and Dian Chi Lake) by Dr. -
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International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education (SSEMSE 2015) Investigating Cultural Macroevolution through Biological Phylogenetic Analyses of Chinese Dai People Costumes Pattern Yunfeng Zhang School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming650500, Yunnan, PRC Yang Zhang School of Tourism and Geographic Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming650500, Yunnan, PRC Mingzhu Yang Institute of Folk art, Yunnan art University, Kunming650500, Yunnan, PRC ABSTRACT: What are the driving forces for cultural macroevolution has engaged anthropologists for more than a century. Recently, the debate on the evolution of culture has focused on two processes in particular, phylogenesis and ethnogenesis, and has been suggested that the latter has probably always been more significant than the former. Cladistic methods of phylogenetic reconstruction was used to assess a data set consist of 119 costume motifs derived from costumes pattern and decorative characters from some groups of Dai people and its accompanying group of Yi and Hani people in Yunnan, China. The results indicate that phylogenesis was the dominant process in the culture evolution of costumes pattern and decorative characteristics of Dai people, accounting for about 60% of the resemblances among the Dai people costumes pattern. These results do not support the proposition that ethnogenesis has always been a more significant process in cultural evolution than phylogenesis. KEYWORD: Dai people; phylogenesis; ethnogenesis; cladistic methods 1 -
Archaeology of Asia
BLACKWELL STUDIES IN GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGY archaeology of asia Edited by Miriam T. Stark Archaeology of Asia BLACKWELL STUDIES IN GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGY Series Editors: Lynn Meskell and Rosemary A. Joyce Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology is a series of contemporary texts, each care- fully designed to meet the needs of archaeology instructors and students seeking volumes that treat key regional and thematic areas of archaeological study. Each volume in the series, compiled by its own editor, includes 12–15 newly commis- sioned articles by top scholars within the volume’s thematic, regional, or temporal area of focus. What sets the Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology apart from other available texts is that their approach is accessible, yet does not sacrifice theoretical sophistication. The series editors are committed to the idea that usable teaching texts need not lack ambition. To the contrary, the Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology aim to immerse readers in fundamental archaeological ideas and concepts, but also to illu- minate more advanced concepts, thereby exposing readers to some of the most exciting contemporary developments in the field. Inasmuch, these volumes are designed not only as classic texts, but as guides to the vital and exciting nature of archaeology as a discipline. 1. Mesoamerican Archaeology: Theory and Practice Edited by Julia A. Hendon and Rosemary A. Joyce 2. Andean Archaeology Edited by Helaine Silverman 3. African Archaeology: A Critical Introduction Edited by Ann Brower Stahl 4. Archaeologies of the Middle East: Critical Perspectives Edited by Susan Pollock and Reinhard Bernbeck 5. North American Archaeology Edited by Timothy R. Pauketat and Diana DiPaolo Loren 6. -
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Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 94 4th International Conference on Economy, Judicature, Administration and Humanitarian Projects (JAHP 2019) Historical Evolution and Development: Formation of Multi-ethnic Complementary Patterns in Yunnan Tibetan Area Xuekun Li Yuqin Zhang* College of Economics and Management College of Economics and Management Yunnan Agricultural University Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, China 650201 Kunming, China 650201 *Corresponding Author Abstract—The Yunnan Tibetan Area refers to the Diqing performed "integration, confrontation and integration" with Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. It is the local aboriginal ancestors, which is a historical scroll of the Yunnan Tibetan Area in "Tibet and the Tibetan Areas of the evolution of long-term ethnic relations. The historical pattern Four Provinces (Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Gansu)" of multi-ethnic embedded distribution in Tibetan areas of mentioned in the Sixth Tibet Work Symposium. During the Yunnan gradually formed. long-term history of evolution, dated from the earliest multi- ethnic activities, the history of Yunnan Tibetan Area can be The Yunnan Tibetan area is geographically far from the mainly divided into following four stages: the conflict between Tibetan cultural center and away from the Han cultural Tang, Tubo and Nanzhao; Chieftain Mu's rule; the great center, making it culturally retain the characteristics of unification period of the Yuan Dynasty; and Gushi Khan of the Tibetan areas on the Tibet Plateau on the one hand. On the Heshuote tribe of Mongolia defeated Chieftain Mu. Against the other hand, it has long been an important "national corridor" background of conflict and collision, the multi-ethnic for movement and migration of Qiang, Di, Rong and other complementary advancement and the construction of the ethnic groups in the history, and the meeting point of the identification of the same region have gradually taken shape. -
The Transformation of Yunnan in Ming China from the Dali Kingdom to Imperial Province
The Transformation of Yunnan in Ming China From the Dali Kingdom to Imperial Province Edited by Christian Daniels and Jianxiong Ma First published 2020 ISBN: 978-0-367-35336-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-33078-0 (ebk) 1 Salt, grain and the change of deities in early Ming western Yunnan Zhao Min (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Funder: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 1 Salt, grain and the change of deities in early Ming western Yunnan Zhao Min Introduction The Ming conquest of 1382 marked the beginning of the transformation of local society in Yunnan. The Mongol-Yuan relied heavily on the Duan 段, descendants of the royal family of the Dali kingdom (937–1253), to administrate local society in western Yunnan. The first Ming Emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang, continued many Mon- gol-Yuan administrative policies in Yunnan. His practice of appointing local ethnic leaders as native officialstuguan ( 土官) to administer ethnic populations is well known. In addition, he implemented novel measures that became catalysts for change at the level of local society. One such case was the establishment of Guards and Battalions (weisuo 衛所) to control local society and to prevent unrest by indi- genous peoples, particularly those inhabiting the borders with Southeast Asia. The Mongol-Yuan had also stationed troops in Yunnan. However, the Ming innovated by establishing a system for delivering grain to the troops. The early Ming state solved the problem of provisioning the Guards and the Battalions in border areas through two methods. The first was to set up military colonies tuntian( 屯田), while demobilising seven out of every ten soldiers to grow food for the army.