13304' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE July 9 By Mr. FINO: such change effective with respect to the By Mr. FORAND: H. R. 13335. A bill to amend the Railroad assessment work year commencing in 1959; H. R. 13345. A bill for the relief of Steve Unemployment Insurance Act to eliminate to the Committee on Interior and Insular Elias; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the present restrictions upon the right of an Affairs. By Mr. GUBSER: individual to receive unemployment benefits By Mr. BOGGS: H. R. 13346. A bill for the relief of Lucio· while. receiving benefits or payments under H. R. 13342. A bill to provide for a survey Yglesias Bernabe; to the Committee on the certain other Federal or State laws;· to the of Parish Line Canal, La.; to the Committee Judiciary. · Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ on Public Works. By Mr . .RAY: merce. · By Mr. YATES: .H. R. 13347. A bill for the relief of-Biondina H. R. 13336. A bill to proviQ.e that where an H. R. 13343. A bill to authorize the appro­ Timpani; to the Committee qn the Judiciary. individual continues to receive his regular priatjop._Of $!$0Q,QOO to }>e spent for th~ pur­ . . By Mr. SHEPPARD: remuneration while absent from his employ­ pose o~ 1;pe Pan America:n ga:rp.e~ to qe held.in H. R. 13348. ·A bill for the relief of Oliver ment on account of injury or illness; such Chicago, Ill.; to the Committee on Foreign 0. Newsome; ·to tlie Cqmmittee on the Ju~ remuneration shall continue to constitute Affairs. · dfciary; ' ••wages" for social-security purposes; to the By Mrs. CHURCH: By Mr. THOMAS: · Committee on Ways and Means. H. J. Res. 650. Joint resolution authorizing H . R. 13349. A bill for the relief of Dr. Jo­ By Mr. HARRIS: . and requesting the President to issue a proc­ sephine Shou Chen Chu; to the Committee H. R. 13337. A bill to amend the War lamation designating the fourth Sunday in on the: Judiciary .. Claims Act of 1948, as amended, to .provide the month of June as National Children's By Mr. WOL-yERT<;>N: 9ompensation for certain World War II losses; Day; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 13350. A bill for the relief or Marion to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign By Mr. HOSMER: Osaduczuk; to the Committee on the Ju­ Commerce. H. J. Res. 651. Joint resolution proposing diciary. By Mr. HOSMER: an amendment to the Constitution of the H. R. 13338. A bill to amend title 4 of the United States relating to the inability of the United States Code, to provide a new design President of the United States to discharge PETITIONS, ETC. for the flag of the United States to be adopted "j;he powers and duties of his office, and pro­ Under clause 1 of ·rule XXII, petitions upon the admission of the 49th and 50th viding new duties for _the Vice President o-; States into the Uniori; to-the Committee on the United States; to the Committee on the and papers were la1d on the Clerk-'s desk the JudiCiary. Judiciary. and referred as follows: By Mr. IKARD: By Mr. KEATING: 699. By Mr. SCHENCK: Petition of the H. R. 13339. A bill to amend the Internal H. Res. 627. Resolution to amend para­ Hamilton, . Ohio, Traffic ·club recording its Revenue Code of 1954, as amended; to the graph (n} of section 9 of rule 11 of the Rules opposition to House bills 3349, 3350, 7006,.and Committee on Ways and Means. · of the House of Representatives; to the Com­ Senate bill . 932 or any similar bills which By Mr. McMILLAN (by request) : mittee on Rules. are designed to prevent, and make unlawful, H. R. 13340. A bill to amend the Life In­ the practice by other than attorneys at surance Act of the District of Columbia ap-· law before Government departments, bu­ proved June 19, 1934·, as amended by the acts reaus and commissions, including the In­ of July 2, 1940, and July 12, 1950; · to the PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS terstate Commerce Commission; to tlie Com- Committee on the District of Columbia. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private mittee on the Judiciary. . . . By Mrs. PFOST: . 7oo·. By the SP~KER: Petition of Alex­ H. R. 13341. A bill to amend section 2324 of bills and resolutions were introduced and ander Meiklejohn, Berlteley, Calif., relative the Revised Statutes, as amended, to change severally referred as-follows: to Denton Porter and others endorsing the the period for doing annual assessment worlc By Mr. FINO: petition of Alexander Meiklejohn, relating to on unpatented mineral claims so that it will , H . R. 13344. A bill for the relief of Wil­ a redress of grievance pertaining to the House . run ·from· September 1 of one year to.Septem­ liam J. Kaiser; to the Committee on the Ju­ ' Committee on Un-Americim Activities; to ber 1 of the succeeding year,· and to make· dici.ary. the Committee on Rules. ·

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Washington Report channel frontage. can be used more profitably ern United States judicial districts 6! Texas for business; (3) building a new depot, less was a legislative contribution of mine this the sale of the present facilities, will not week. The omnibus judicial bill ' (nation­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS cost the Federal Government more than $2V2 wide) which includes these judgeships has OF million. Arguments against: ( 1) There is been delayed for 2 years. Further delay only no danger-300,000 tons of munitions were increases the hardship--the backlog of cases, HON. BRUCE ALGER handled in 6 months of Korean fighting with­ the overburdening of the judges an:d the in­ OF TEXAS out incident; also, it is 15 miles from Hous­ convenience to litigants. Twice the Texas ton; (2> the' facilities' present value of $16V2 bar has unanimously agreed upon the need IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES million plus the $25 million to $45 million for the additional help. Should politically· Wed~esday, July 9,1958 cost of a new depot totals $15 million to $25 minded House and Senate leaders, awaiting million more than present facilities can ~e 1960 outcomes to see who appoints the new Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under sold for; (3) this is a bad precedent, moving judges, further delay the omnibus bill, Texas leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ the depot for reasons of economic gain to will need this help. My bill would provide ORD, I include the following newsletter business alone. The local chamber of com­ the needed judgeships already long overdue. of July 12, 1958: · merce invited the Government there in 1941 As Congress goes into ·the homestretch I in the first. place. The move to recommit the wonder where the. sense of fiscal responsi­ WASHINGTON REPORT bill to change the mandatory order on the bility has gone. Running an estimated $10 (By Congressman BRUCE ALGER, Fi.fth District, Army to permissive was defeated, and the bill billion to $12 billion deficit this year, we Texas) to change the mandatory order on the Army have facing us many new spending bUls-· The military construction bill for 1959 to permissive· was defeated, and the bill ( 1) Increased housing a.nd local projects; provided funds of $1,763 million for proj­ passed. So the depot will be moved, if the (2) the community facilities bill; (3) the ects relating to our military bases within the Senate concurs. depressed areas bill; (4) the Alaskan state­ continental limits and throughout the world. Other legislation: (1) An additional Sec­ hood expense; (5) Federal aid to education, Approximately $149 million was earmarked retary of State to handle African affairs including scholarships. These cost billions for installation outside the United States. passed; (2) additional property for the Sen­ more, beyond the present estimated deficit. The military public works and reserve facil- · ate was defeated; (3) an act relating to sus­ Most discouraging is the joining of big ities totaled $54 million for Texas in 21 pension of Government workers as security business and big labor in the huge variety of projects, 2 being in the Dallas district­ risks sought to undo the mischief of the Federal expenditures for the military, public the Naval and Marine Reserve at the Naval Supreme Court's decision last year (Cole v. works of all kinds, and foreign aid. The Air Station ($259,000), and the Air National Young). The Court misconstrued Congress' vested interest of business concerns-manu­ Guard at Hensley Field ($1,862,000). The intent in Public Law 733, stating that only facturing, shipping, and others-in Govern­ day's big debate came over the San Jacinto sensitive positions were involved. This bill ment spending, and the Federal wage specifi­ Ordnance Depot, 15 miles from Houston. removed this difficulty of definition, provid~ cation, plus labor leaders' determined lobby­ Should the Army be forced · to move the ing that any person in sensitive or nonsensi­ ing for more and more Federal spending of depot to Alabama? tive position found to be subversive could be all kinds writes a clear hand on the wall. How Arguments for the removal: (1) The ord­ removed from a Government position. can John Doe Taxpayer be heard or fight nance depot· is dangerous, a health hazard; A bill to provide one additional judgeship this giant amalgamation? How can we cut (2) the 5,000 acres of 5-mile-long Houston in each of the northern, western, and south- back Federal spending against such spend- CONGRESS! ON At·RECORO- HOUSE 13305· lng lobbies? _How . can we disprove Khru­ The full text of House Resolution 151 structure. The . strength of the ·body shchev's "your grandchildren _will be Social­ follows, to wit: politic is undermined as much by ethi­ ists." or Communist leaders~ repeated "We'll House Resolution 151 cal misjudgments in any one of its vital spend you into bankruptcy?" Who, where, segments. and how will the belt be tightened and we . Resolved, That rule XI 25 (a) of ·the Rules the people exercise self-discipline? of the House ot Representatives is amended Last week the distinguished Senator The cycle of people througho:ut history has to read: from New York [Mr. JAVITS] and I been progressively through these stages­ "25. (a) The Rules of the House are the simultaneously introduced in each body bondage, spiritual belief, courage, freedom, rules of its committees so far as applicable, legislation to establish a code- of ethics abundance, selfishness, apathy, dependency, except that a motion to recess from day to and create a bipartisan Commission on bondage, a full cycle. Where are we? day is a motion of high privilege in commit­ Ethics. This legislation contained spe­ tees. Committees may adopt additional rules not inconsistent therewith." cific provisions for implementing the SEc. 2. Rule XI 25 is further amended by code for officers and employees of the adding at the end thereof: · executive branch. House Resolution lSI-Resolution "(h) Each committee may_fix the number Today I have introduced a resolution of its members to constitute a quorum for to implement this code for Members, Adopted March 23, 1955, Amending taking testimony and receiving evidence, officers, and employees of this body. A House Rules Providing for Committee which shall be not less than two. similar resolution was introduced by "(i) The chairman at an investigative Determination Whether the Evidence or Senator JAVITS for Members, officers, and hearing shall announce in an opening state­ employees of the other body. Under the Testimony May Tend To Defame, De­ ment the subject of the investigation. "(j) ·A copy of the committee rules, if any, terms of the House resolution, the rules grade, and Incriminate Any Person and paragraph 25 of rule XI of the House of the House will be amended to vest of Representatives shall be made available to jurisdiction over all conflict-of-interest the witness. questions in the Committee on House EXTENSION OF REMARKS "(k) Witnesses at investigative hearings Administration. Under this provision, OF may be accompanied by their own counsel the committee will be in a position to for the purpose of advising them concerning DOY~E their constitutional rights. render advisory opinions on the ethical HON. CLYDE propriety of any proposed conduct and OF CALIFORNIA "(1) The chairman may punish breeches of order and decorum, and of professional ethics pass upon complaints that are received. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATlVES on the part of counsel, by censure and ex­ Adoption of this resolution will make Wednesday, July 9,1958 clusion from the hearing; and the committee it clear that the code of ethics is not may cite the offender to the House for con­ just so much window dressing. It will Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, since the tempt. also show that there is no double stand­ beginning of the House committee hear­ ''(m) If the committee determines that ard of mora-lity in the Federal Govern­ ings wherein Mr. Sherman Adams, as­ evidence or testimony at an investigative ment. I am proud to be able to join sistant to the President of the United hearing may tend to defame, degrade, or in­ criminate any person, it shall- with the junior Senator from New York States, and Bernard Goldfine have been . "(1) receive such evidence or testimony in in advancing this proposal in the inter­ witnesses before said committee, several executive session; ests of good government. members have asked me for the text of "(2) afford such person -an opportunity House Resolution 151, which was au­ voluntarily to appear as a witness; and thored by me during the 84th Congress "(3) receive and dispose of requests from and which was approved by the House of such person to subpena additional witnesses. An Editorial From the Wall Street Journal Representatives on March 23, 1955. And "(n) Except as provided in paragraph (m), as you know, this amendment to Rule XI the. chairman shall receive and the commit­ and Congressman Johnson's Reply tee shall dispose of requests to subpena addi­ 25 (a) of the House of Representatives tional witnesses. has been referred to several times in ~ "(o) No -evidence or testimony taken in EXTENSION OF REMARKS newspaper and magazine articles since executive session may be released or used OF that time in connection with some of our in public sessions without the consent of House committee hearings. Hence, to the committee. HON. FRED MARSHALL "(P) In the discretion of the committee, make the full text more conveniently OF MINNESOTA available to Members, and to give the witnesses may submit brief and pertinent sworn statements in writing for inclusion in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES history thereof, I am pleased to present the record. The committee is the sole judge the same in this CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of the pertinency of testimony and evidence Wednesday, July 9,1958 at this time. The action of the House of adduced at its hearing. Mr. MARSHALL. Mr. Speaker, with Representativ.es on this resolution ap­ "(q) Upon payment of the cost thereof, his usual alertness, our good friend and pears in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, VOl­ a witness may obtain a transcript copy of collea.gue from the Ninth District of Wis­ ume 101, part 3, page 3585, and wherein his testimony given at a public session, or, consin, LESTER JOHNSON, has taken issue is set forth the following: if given at an executive session, when authorized by the committee." with a misleading editorial published in Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I move the Wall Street Journal. the previous question on the resolution. Like inapy other publications too far The SPEAKER: Without objection, the pre­ vious question is ordered. removed from the farm scene, the Wall l~plementing Conflict-of-Interest Legis­ Street Journal assumes too much. It . Mr. KEATING. I object, Mr. Speaker. would be more helpful to its readers if The SPEAKJ;:R. The question is on ordering lation in the House of Representatives the previous question. the Journal would inform itself on the The previous question was ordered. facts available in the Department of The SPEAKER. The question is on the r~so- EXTENSION OF REMARKS Agriculture rather than rely on the pro­ lutlon. _ · · OF nouncements of the Secretary of Agri- The resolution was agreed to. culture. · · A motion to reconsider was laid on the · HON. KENNETH B. KEATING LESTER JOHNSON renders a real service table. OF NEW YORK to farmers everywhere by setting the House Rule XI 25 (a), which House INTI-IE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES record straight. Resolution 151 amended, set forth on Wednesday, July 9,1958 Under unanimous consent, I include page 364 of the House Rules and Manual Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, the peo­ the editorial and Congressman JoHNSON's of the 84th Congress, states as follows: ple have every right to expect the same reply: high standards of ethics from their (EDITOR's NoTE.-A recent editorial in the 25 (a) The rules of the House are hereby Wall Street Journal remarked on the ClJ.rrent made the rules of its standing committees so elected representatives in Congress as condition of the American farmer. In this far as applicable, except that a motion to are imposed upon Federal officers and issue, Representative LESTER JoHNSON, Demo­ recess from day to day 1s hereby made a employees in the executive branch of crat, of Wisconsin, offers his views on the motion of high privilege in said committees. the Government. Politics and ethics subject.) This -paragraph was adopted December 8, must be blood brothers at all levels and There are a number-of groups in the popu­ 1931 (VIII, 2215). in all branches of our governmental lation that aren't doing as well as a year ago. 13306 CONG~SSIONAL -RECORD- HOUSE July 9- but one of the- largest groups of all iS doing I introduced to improve _interstate sales of mathematics, and foreign languages; for . quite a bit better-the farmers. milk by setting up a uniform national sani­ expanded graduate education to train more Latest statistics • • • show that prices of tation standard. One factor bothering urgently needed college teachers; for im­ farm products rose a little over 1 percent farmers ln the Midwest ls a surplus of table proved testing and counselling, and scholar­ during the month . ended April 15. This milk. · This is arbitrarily excluded from high ships, to encourage young people to develop· brought the farm-price level nearly 10 per­ priced markets in the East and South to pro- their talents more fully and to prevent the cent abOve a year earlier, while farmers' costs tect their local producers. · costly waste caused now when so many rose 3 percent in the same period. The only administration· dairy program gifted students drop out of high school or This woUld appear to add up to more money today hinges on the President's request that do not go on to college. in the pockets of farmers, and while there Secretary Benson be given power to slash A most important recommendation that isn't as much-relatively-as during the dairy price supports again, this time to 60 the committee has approved is a plan to early post-World War ll farm-price boom, percent of parity. Overwhelming support of support loans for college students. We feel there probably will be more than at any time my effort to temporarily freeze dairy sup­ that this conforms to your philosophy of during the tenure of Ezra Taft Benson as ports at 1957 levels convinces me that ef­ "God helps those who help themselves." Secretary of Agriculture.· Mr. Benson had fort was valid even though the President ve­ Most importantly, the bill strongly etnpha­ predicted that 1958 farm income would run toed it. Since then the administration has sizes State and local participation in and 5 to 10 percent ahead of 1957. delivered a death blow to the alternative administration of the proposed programs. It is interesting to note that Mr. Benson's program introduced by dairy industry It adheres strictly to the principle stated in prophecies are being borne out as they often groups. your message of January 27: "The keystone have been. There was loud criticism, which The Journal says we should be consoled is State, local, and private effort; the Fed­ continues unabated, of the Secretary when that "we ourselves have helped bid food eral role is to assist, not to control or sup­ he advocated lower, less rigid price supports. prices to their present levels, rather than the plant, those efforts.'' The direst things were predicted for the Government bidding them there with higher We believe this is a sound bill. It out­ farmer and while none of the really dire pre­ price supports." lines a limited but highly constructive role dictions came true, there was a definite Will it seek for us the same consolation for the Federal Government, acting in the comedown for many farmers for a while. so we are bidding prices of farm machinery, national interest. It would strengthen, not But now, after allowing the forces of sup­ automobiles, trucks, arid other manufactured weaken, State and local responsibility. We ply and demand to work more freely, the goods rather than the financier bidding them would appreciate very much your own re­ farmers are doing better again. These higher higher with administered prices? action and comment on this bill. · prices are of course reflected somewhat in the Respectfully yours, higher cost of living for everybody. We don't . STUYVESANT WAINWRIGHT. like to pay more for food any better than anyone else. But there is at least some con­ National Defense Education Act of 1958 solation in the fact that we ourselves have helped bid food prices to their present levels, rather than the Government bidding them EXTENSION OF REMARKS· Justice Department Backs Amendment to there with higher price supports. OF Smith Act One hesitates to make any flat predictions that the "farm recession" so publicized dur­ HON. HARRY G. HASKELL, JR. EXTENSION OF REMARKS ing the general boom of 1955-56 is now over. OF DELAWARE But there definitely is a recovery under way. OF We wonder if there isn't some lesson for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dealing with the general recession in the Wednesday, July 9,1958 HON. KENNETH B. KEATING method which has led to farm recovery-less OF NEW YORK Mr. HASKELL. Mr. Speaker, a letter Government control instead of more. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (By Representative LESTER JoHNSON, Ninth. was written to the President by my col­ District, Wisconsin) league, Congressman WAINWRIGHT, on WednesdaY, July 9, 1958 When the Wall Street Journal says farm­ the Labor and Education Committee Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, I have ers today are doing quite a bit bett er than a Stating his convictions on the National today received a letter from Deputy At­ year ago its editors mean that farmers ·never Defense .Education Act of 1958, which -is torney General Lawrence E. Walsh, in· had it so good under Secretary of Agricul­ inserted in the RECORD below. which he endorses, on behalf of the Jus­ ture Benson. That much may be true. I The response to that letter by the Pres­ tice Department, my bill, H. R. 8867. to suspect that not many of the farmers I ident, stated that the President felt that amend the organize section of the Smith represent will be reading in the Wall St reet this bill should receive top priority con­ Journal about how good they've got it these Act. This should help spur action by days. sideration in this session of Congress: Congress on this important measure. A I am heartened by the fact that the plung­ JULY 2, 1958. first step will be taken when a House Ju­ ing farm price graph lines seem to have MY DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: As the senior diciary Subcommittee holds hearings on struck rock bottom · and are bumping up­ member of the Education Subcommittee H. R. 8867 on Thursday, July 17. ward in some places. Close examination­ who visited with you· this morning, let·me shows that meat, fruit, and vegetable prices tell you how much my colleagues and !­ · This legislation grew out of the June currently are mainstays of the gains in farm enjoyed this visit. 1957 decision of the Supreme Court in prices. Some experts attribute the relatively In your special message to Congress last the Yates case. In that ruling, the Court light supply of meat to droughts over the January 27, you urged enactment o! pro­ said that the Smith Act prohibition past 4 or 5 years . .Fruits and vegetables com­ posals to help meet certain specific needs against Communist Party organizing mand high prices today becaues of three in education "in the essential interest of work applied only to the establishment spring frosts which killed off several crops. national security." In the- intervening of the renamed party in 1945, and not in the South. If the Secretary of Agricul­ months. as you know, subcommittees of the the conti:iming process of organization ture wishes to take credit for adverse weath­ House Committee on Education and Labor er conditions which raise prices, that is his have conducted very extensive hearings. and recruiting. My proposal would in­ choice. Testimony of scores of leading citizens has clude in the term "organize" the recruit­ The Journal makes much of increases in demonstrated that there is a compelling na­ ing of new members, the forming of new the parity price ratio. It conveniently for­ tional need for action now to help the State units, and the regrouping or expansion gets to tell readers that at 87 percent, an· and local school systems respond to their of existing clubs, classes, and other units average package of farm produce buys only growing responsibilities in the cause of of the Communist Party of America. 87 percent of the farmer's needs compared freedom. Deputy Attorney General Walsh said to what it bought between 1910 and 1914. While the bill which the full committee Even at 100 percent price parity his produce approved this morning by a vote of 23 to 2 in his letter that enactment of the bill would still be worth only 52 cents of the (H. R. 13247) is not perfect in every degree, would be beneficial in any future Smith dollar earned by workers off the farm. many of us are extremely enthusiastic. We Act conspiracy prosecutions and the De­ On May 7, a St. Paul newspaper reported: feel that the reservations we hold may partment favors enactment of this leg­ "Prices paid this region's dairy farmers for eventually be corrected on the floor of the islation. the milk that Twin Cities people buy to House. Mr. Speaker, the Supreme Court's drink fell further Tuesday to fractionally We are particulary pleased that the -long Yates decision threw a giant monkey­ over 7 cents a quart, the lowest in 4 years.'' hearings and deliberations have clearly con­ Milk prices often decline during this firmed the wisdom of the recommendations wrench into the Government's efforts to season of flush milk production. But this submitted to Congress 1n your message of curb Commuist conspiracy within the time the decline is to lower levels than January 27 and first suggested in your ad­ United States. The narrow construction usual." dress in Oklahoma City last November 13: of that act given by the Court put an The Department of Agriculture says it fa­ The bill closely follows your proposals for abrupt and effective end to our prosecu­ vors better marketing yet opposes legislation steps to improve the teaching of science. tions for Communist conspiracies. All 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 13307, conspiracy cases in which convictions tng reenlistments of persons discharged un­ enlistment under the August 7, 1957. had already beeh obtained on the der less than honorable conditions. directive. Following is the report to me: · As I stated at the hearings, this formaliz­ grounds or organizatiopal activities have ing of policy throughout the three services Applications tor reenlistment from persons since been reversed and sent back for wa.s prompted by the interest and concern discharged under less than honorable con­ new trials. Not one of these has been generated by you and your committee on the ditions; September 1957 to Aprn 1958 retried. Many will have to be dropped general subject of persons holding less than simply because the evidence is not avail­ honorable discharges from the Armed Forces. Total Army Navy Air able to obtain a conviction in any other As you recall I also stated at the hearings Force way. that I would not issue this memorandum --- until I had the benefit of the comments from .Applied for reenlistment ___ 309 27 37 245 · It is time we put a stop to this whole­ your committee, to whom I presented a copy 'l'ype of previous dis- sale freeing of Communist conspirators. of the memorandum at the hearings. Until charge: It is time we changed to red this green Dishonorable ••••• _ (10) (6) w your telephone call this morning, I had not Bad conduct ______(64) (2) ""(i55 (47) light to freedom for the Reds. known of the committee's reaction, which Undesirable ______(235) (19) (22) (194) I am extremely hopeful this strong is, as you expressed, one of enthusiastic en­ .Approved for reenlistment. 24 10 7 7 dorsement. Typo of previous dis- backing from the Justice Department, charge: combined with a renewed awareness of Although as you are aware, a.s representa­ Dishono/able •••••• (2) ------tive of the Department of Defe~se I strongly Bad conduct ______(4) 2) ---(25 the Communist internal threat, will spur oppose the passage of the bill and will con­ Undesirable ••••••. (18) 6) (5) -----(7) Congress to reconstruct at least part of tinue to press this position in the event it t the shambles the Supreme Court has is introduced in the Senate, I do wish to Reasons for disapproval (one or more ap­ made of the Smith Act. We can do that express to you my appreciation for the cour­ plicable): by speedy enactment of this measure to tesy and cooperation extended by you and Poor military record. reinstate the original broad intention of your committee to representatives of the Offenses involving moral turpitude, alco­ Congress concerning the organizational Department of Defense. -holism, sex perversion. Sincerely yours, activities of the comrades in America. STEPHEN 8. JACKSON, Civil offenses since discharge, including Deputy. FBI records. Felonies. Unstable post-service employment record. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE; Lack of evidence of post-service' rehabilita- . , The Status of H. R. 8772 Relating to MANPOWER, PERSONNEL AND RESERVE, tion or'exemplary behavior. Less Than Honorable Discharges Washington, D. 0., August 7,1957. Psy.chiatric conditions. Memorandum for Assistant Secretary of the Average age at time of discharge: 22-23 Army (MP&RF), Assistant Secretary of the years• . EXTENSION OF REMARKS Navy (P&RF), Assistant Secretary of the Average length of active duty prior to Air Force (MP&RF). discharge (AF only): 3 years. OF Subject: Reenlistment of persons dis­ Average time elapsed since dis-charge ( AF charged under less than honorable con­ only> : 3 years. HON. CLYDE DOYLE ditions. OF CALIFORNIA Persons discharged or dismissed under less Further answering the inquiries of many Members of this great legislative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than honorable conditions who demonstrate exemplary civilian behavior for a minimum body as to the present status of H. R.- Wednesday, July 9,1958 period of 2 years subsequent to separation 8772, I report that same is on the. Sen­ may, under app;ropriate conditions, be grant­ ate side of this great Congress, to the Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, by rea­ ed an opportunity to reenlist in order to per­ attention of the distinguished chairman son of unanimous consent heretofore mit them to earn honorable discharge by of the Senate Armed Services Commit­ granted me so to do, I am pleased to performance of : further military duty of a tee, who last informed me, on or about present the following irnporta:Q.t infor­ character which warrants such higher recog­ nition. June 20, 1958, that when his committee mation to you and to all the Members of In determining the acceptability of such had completed its handling of the De-: this great legislative body, and to briefty an applicant for reenlistment the following, fense Department reorganization bill, he­ state as follows: In connection with the among other factors, should be carefully would submit the matter of H. R. 8772 public hearings by the Special Subcom­ evaluated: to said committee for determination as mittee of the House Armed Services (a) Nature, seriousness, and circumstances to what they would or could do about it Committee on the bill, H. R. 1108 (suc­ surrounding the offense(s) or conduct for in this 85th Congress. ceeded by H. R. 8772), which bill passed which previously discharged. the House August 5, 1957, by a vote of (b) Age and military experience at the Mr. Speaker, in concluding these re­ time of commission of offense ( s) • marks, may I emphasize that I am sure 226-8, it developed that the Defense De­ (c) Civilian background, education, em­ not only I receive literally dozens of partment was willing and ready to issue ployment record, and general reputation in a directive relating to reenlistment of written communications from all over the community before and after military the United States from lads, and from persons discharged under less than hon­ service. orable conditions and to adopt substan­ The entitlement of an applicant to reenlist parents of lads, as well as other relatives tially the same factors specified in said under these conditions is subject to the dis­ of lads, urging that such lads' case be bill as part of said directive. It ex­ cretion of the individual Service secretaries, reviewed, especially in view ·of the ex­ tended an opportunity to reenlist to per­ dependent upon the needs of their Services. emplary life and conduct of such lads over sons discharged or dismissed under less It is not to be construed as establishing a a term of years subsequent to their dis­ than honorable conditions who demon­ priority for the enlistment of this group in charge or dismissal under conditions less preference to other reenlistees or nonprior than honorable, but many other Mem­ strate exemplary civilian behavior subse­ service personnel. quent to separation. This directive was This procedure wa.s previously agreed to by bers tell me they have been receiving dated August 7, 1957. members of the armed services in coordi­ similar letters. Following is the full text of said di­ nated consultation. It appears crystal clear to me that our rective and the letter dated August 7, It is requested that your implementing Military Establishment cannot very 1957, from Stephen S. Jackson, Deputy directives be forwarded to this office. much longer avoid a fairly moderate re­ Assistant Secretary of Defense to me: STEPHENS. JACKSON, view of its policies and practices in the Deputy. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, consideration of, and disposition, of MANPOWER PERSONNEL AND RESERVE, Mr. Speaker, by way of further in­ these several thousands of cases a year Washington, D. 0., August 7,1957. formation and report to you and all my wherein comparatively young lads in the Han. CLYDE DOYLE, colleagues in the premises, I wish to Military Establishment receive less than Chairman, Special Subcommittee ·on. state that recently I made inquiry to honorable discharges of some type­ Military Discharges, House of Repre­ sentatives. Stephen S. Jackson requesting data thousands of them administratively-for DEAR MR. CHAmMAN: Pursuant to your re­ which might reveal the experience of the offenses and errors which in civilian life quest on the telephone this morning, I am Department of Defense with respect to are recognized as misdemeanors rather pleased to enclose two copies of the memo• persons discharged under less than hon­ than as felonies. H. R. 8772 would give randum signed by me on this date concern- orable conditions who did apply for re- such lads a deserved break against the 13308 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE present practices of the Military Estab· requirements of resisting the e~pansion of another in a timely manner; our forces must lishment which is apparently believed by communism-by its variety of aggressive be able to react quickly on short notice. at least 226 Members of the House, are techniques-throughout the farfiung . ram­ The 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean and parts of the Free World, and the ability of the the 7th Fleet in the western Pacific are de­ entirely too harsh and not in the best in· seagoing airbase task force with its striking ployed to put teeth into our policy of halting terests of the individuals involved or of powe~ and relative invulnerability to meet the spread of international communism. The our national defense. these requirements, make the modern air­ principal elements of the striking power of I make these comments at this time, craft carrier one of the most important these :fleets are the attack carrier forces, to­ Mr. Speaker, because if the bill does not weapo~s in our defense arsenal. gether with units of amphibious marines. succeed in clearance through the United 1, DETERRENCE AND .ALL-OUT WAR In times of crisis these fleets .have demon­ States Senate during this 85th Congress, Our carrier forces have an important role strated their value ·as instruments of diplo­ I, and I am sure many of my distin­ in augmenting the Strategic Air Command's matic 1·epresentation. During the Suez in­ mission of maintaining sufficient retaliatory cident the 6th Fleet was quickly deployed guished colleagues, will again proceed ac­ to exert a stabilizing in:fluence and to help cordingly. power to· deter major aggression. Carrier l;>ased aircraft can be equipped not only pre~ent the spread of the conflict. Similarly, No doubt our study and activity in this with hydrogen bombs but also with the durmg the states of emergency in Syria, Jor­ dan, and Lebanon, the 6th Fleet was in the important matter during this 85th Con­ ~a test· in air-to-surface misslles which carry gress should result in reports upon any thermonuclear warheads and which can be area, prepared to act swiftly if ordered. The such bill in the 86th Congress coming launched many miles from the target. The carriers of the 7th Fleet have been defend­ striking power of the naval air arm ing Formosa since 1950, thereby contributing from the Pentagon mucli more expedi­ to the peace and stability of that part of tiously than they have during this 85th ~trengthens the warning of the Strategic Air Command to a potential aggressor who the world. Congress. I have said it be't'ore, and I Our Chief of Naval Operations, Adm. Ar­ say it again, that the unseemin.gly long might contemplate starting world war III by a surprise attack against the Free World.l leigh A. Burke, has stated that a "The pres­ and untoward delays which have oc­ The attack carrier has a vital contribution ence of our naval striking forces inspires a curred on account of us awaiting written to make in an all-out war, should it occur. feeling of security in friendly nations. They report from the Pentagon to the respec­ In such a conflict our land airbases would are visible evidence of the United States de­ tive Congressional committees, and to logically be the first targets to be attacked. termination and ability to resist aggression, the Budget Bureau, have created a prob­ If the enemy's assault could be developed as well a.s to be ready to protect and defend with sufficient surprise and strength our our allies in either limited or all-out lem of procedure which cannot well war. • * • be duplicated or repeated in the next land bases might be destroyed or so severely damage·d that our Strategic Air Command "For the period 10 to 15 years from now the Congress. could not retaliate effectively. carrier force is being optimized for limited · However, our carrier forces at sea, cruis­ war, to be the· Nation's primary cutting tool ing at high speeds, and in unknown and for this purpose." Aircraft Carriers and the Defense of the unpredictable positions, would have to be While guided and ballistic missiles are be- · located and identified. before they could be coming increasingly important, there is no Free World attacked by the enemy. Before the aggres­ substitute in sight for the manned aircraft.• sor could do this, our carriers would prob­ Once a missile is released it is committed; it EXTENSION OF REMARKS ably be able to launch their attaqk planes ~an exercise no judgment in the air . . Operat­ OF on their way to deliver the high yield weap­ Ing from carrier bases, piloted aircraft, have ons which might prove to be the decisive capabilities for precise and discriminating HON. GEORGE HUDDLESTON, JR. influence in a nuclear war of survival.2 delivery of weapons under rapidly changing tactical conditions. It is ~his type of weap­ OF ALABAMA 2. DETERRENCE AND LIMITED WAR ons system-flexible and discriminating­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While it would be foolhardy for this coun­ which is indispensable in a limited war sit­ try to neglect to maintain the force essential uation where it may .be impracticable to em­ Wednesday, July 9, 1958 to deter and, if need be, to win an all-out ploy longer range weapons laden with nuclear Mr. HUDDLESTON. Mr. Speaker, war, there is another type of conflict which warheads and which is essential to strength­ under leave heretofore granted, it is my our Armed Forces should be prepared to en­ en our diplomacy in the heated political crises privilege to include in the CONGRESSIONAL counter. This latter problem is illustrated which jeopardize the peace and security of RECORD a thesis which I have prepared in by the hostilities in Korea, Indochina, Al­ the world. geria, and the Suez area, in which the maxi­ 3. MOBILE AND PERMANENT AlRBASES connection with the recent completion mum firepower was not employed mainly for of a Naval Reserve Officers School political reasons, and by the series of cold One of the quickest and most effective ways course. It is felt that this thesis will be war crises in Indonesia, the Formosa Strait, of moving airpower into the potential far­ of interest to the various Members of Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon. flung battlefields of the world today is by the House as reflecting the views of one The power needed to deter and repel this carrier. Our new Forrestal class carriers are type of aggression and subversion against the integrated airbases, carrying their own pro­ of their colleagues concerning the role tection and equipped with the advantages of in non-Communist world is vastly different of aircraft carriers our defense pic­ !rom hydrogen bombs and long-range mis­ a large· land airbase plus mobility. With ture: siles. The force required for dealing with their high speed, they can fight one place today and almost a thousand miles away to­ ~IRCRAFT CARRIERS AND THE DEFENSE OF THE limited war situations must be flexible and FREE WORLD discriminating. It must be able to engage morrow. They can move into areas and give protection and cover where land based air­ (By Hon GEORGE HUDDLESTON, JR., Of the enemy without destroying major centers of population and without arousing the power is limited or nonexistent. The steadi­ Alabama) ness of their decks will permit action in The United States must have the military moral antagonism of world opinion against the mass slaughter of nuclear warfare. It rough weather, and their relative self­ and naval power to support its policy of sufficiency enables them to operate an esti­ deterring aggression and resisting the spread should fit the punishment to the crime. It must be adaptable to a variety of geographic mated 360 days out of a year. Atomic of international communism. The rapidly powered carriers, when they become opera­ changing military and naval technology of and military situations. Its employment must not cause the conflict to spread into a tional, will have a range of fifty to seventy­ modern industrial and scientific civilization five thousand miles and will become a major complicates the intellectual problems of general war fought with weapons of mutual annihilation. advance in adding to the mobility and strik­ evaluating the strategic and tactical impact ing power of our fleet.5 To achieve the ca:pability for dealing with of advances in weapons. It is imperative In the case of armed hostilities involving that present weapons systems be frequently the limited war situations which are likely to occur at scattered points throughout the the use of United States forces, air support reappraised in relationship to the more ad­ by carrier fighters may be essential if ground vanced weapons which come into operation world, the United States must be able to shift the necessary forces from one place to troops are going to be landed and subse­ and which are under development. How­ quently reinforced and supplied. Attack ever, it is equally imperative that balanced bombers operating from carriers can assault judgment and imaginative insight be exer­ 1 United States Congress, House Commit­ the airfields and ground fortifications of the cised in order to avoid conclusions which are tee on Appropriations, Department of De­ based on speculative and futuristic concepts fense appropriations for 1958, 85th Cong., of warfare or unsuited to the political reali­ 1st sess., Washington, 1957, p. 710; United a United States Congress, House Commit­ ties of the cold war. States Congress, House Committee on Ap­ tee on Armed Services, Investigation of Na­ The battleship is an example o! a histor­ propriations, Department of Defense appro­ tional Defense Missiles, 85th Cong., 2d sess., ically important weapon that our defense priations for 1959, Department of the Navy, Washington, 1958, pp. 4550 and 4555. authorities now consider too obsolete to re­ 85th Cong., 2d sess., Washington, 1957, p. 'Ibid., p. 4555. main in commission. However, the aircraft 440. . • House defense appropriations for 1958, carrier, or mobile air base task force, is of a • House defense appropriations for 1958, op. cit., pp. 714--752; House naval approprl· dtiferent nature. The political and military op. cit., p. 710. ations for 1959, op. cit., p. 234. 1958 . CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD- HOUSE 1-3309 enemy. During the Korean war. carriers, op· missile ships, comparable in fuepower to the scores the importance .of speedy Congres­ erated extensively, with 182,000 sorties fiown air defense .of _.a. large city, and, second, sional action on a bill to allow from their decks to give tactical a:tr support through the carrier's .own cover of fighter Congressional committees to invoke the to our troops.s interceptors, which will carry ak-oo-air mis­ aid of the Federal courts in obtaining In establishing and retaining most of its siles with a range of 50 miles or more.10 overseas airfields the United States is re· A successful submarine attack against a pertinent testimony. quired to -deal with sovereign states, some of carrier task force would be an equally diffi­ Mr. Goldfine's refusal to answer ques .. which have only recently gained their inde· cult feat. First, tlle submarine must pene­ tions on the ground they are not rele.. pendence after a struggle with the great trate the protective screen of patrol aircraft vant to the committee'-s investigation powers of the occident. The presence and ac· and helicopters. :Second, it must penetrate may or may not be justified. The fact tivities of foreign m111tary forces on their the inner ring of destroyers armed with their remains that with a possible contempt soil are always a potential source of political new sonar equipment and antisubmarine citation hanging over his head, he is sub­ irritation to the naturally sensitive national­ wea1>0ns, including both rocket-assisted toT­ ject to public suspicion and opprobrium ism of the host countries. In some cases it pedoes (which can. detect a submarine at has been necessary for the United States to long range, fiy over many miles of ocean, which may or may not be warranted. grant expensive assistance to these countries dive under water, seek out the submarine, The fact remains he may or may not be in attempts to make the continued existence· and destroy it) and atomic depth charges. withholding information which is per­ of its foreign bases more secure. There is Third, it must fire accurately at a target tinent and vital to the success of the sub­ always the possib111ty that future relation­ which ean cruise at a speed well over -3Q committee's inv-estigations. ships may make it impossible or extremely knots. Even if hit, carriers of the Forrestal Unfortunately, as· the rules now stand, difficult for us to hold on to these overseas class have 1,241 separate watertight compart­ both Mr. Goldfine and the committee land airbases. Our Navy, however, has the ments which could enable the absorption of right to deploy its carrier forces anywhere several conventional torpedoes without seri­ have their hands effectively tied. The within the international waters of the world ously affecting their operations and several procedure now available for compelling without infringing on the sovereignty of any more without being sunk.u testimony is notoriously cumbersome and nation; no treaties or other agreements re­ In an all-out nuclear war the life expect­ ineffective. It serves neither the inter­ quiring the consent of foreign powers are ancy of carriers would be as long as that of ests of the witness nor the committee. necessary. And these naval forces can, if airfields, land-based planes, major cities, and In addition, the Supreme Court's Wat­ they must, operate from home bases and in­ other important targets. The carrier would kins decision has clamped an unnecessar­ dependently from -any foreign bases. accomplish an impor·tant mission if it stayed ily tight pertinency rule on Congres­ Furthermore, our land air bases are a much afioat long enough to launch its planes on better target than our carriers for ballistic their way to re~aliate against the aggressor. sional committees, thus further ham­ missiles. The locations of our fixed land Carrier-based aircraft in Exercise Strike Back pering their work. bases are wen known to the enemy, who sim­ repeatedly "bombed"land targets before their Under the present rules, if a witness ply has to aim his ballistic missile at -an fioating bases at sea were located and seri­ refuses to appear or testify, the sub­ immovable target. But the enemy would not ously injured by the "enemy." In one forma­ committee must first report the matter be expected to know the exact position of a tion during the maneuvers the major units to the full .committee and the full com­ mobile airbase at sea; and, consequently, our of the fieet were so widely dispersed that even a _hydrogen bomb would have destroyed only mittee must report the matter to the carrier task forces are far less likely to be House, which must then resolve to cite destroyed by ballistic missiles.'~' one major ship.u Carriers are less subject to the hazards of the witness for contempt. After that the 4. AN'rlSUBMARINE WARFARE radioactivity than land airbases. If carriers Speaker must refer the matter to a In the event of the armed hostilities which are exposed to fallout or showered with con­ United States Attorney, w'ho in turn extended combat operations to the seas. it taminated water from a nuclear explosion. would be essential to protect the .supply lines must present the case to a Federal grand enough of the .radioactive material can be jury. If an indictment is returned, a to our forces and allies overseas from the fiushed harmlessly into the ocean by washing menace of enemy submarines. Carriers and down the ship so that combat operations may full-scale trial must follow. Finally, their -associated aircraft have a dual role in be continued; whereas, in the case of .air­ months later-sometimes a year or more antisubmarine operations. First, they can fields, these lethal elements may linger in later-there may be a .conviction and attack the bases and submarine tenders stagnant pools and resist being scrubbed from punishment. Meanwhile, more often which would shelter and service hostile sub­ porous concrete surfaces. than not, the original investigation has marines. .In wartime the Soviet Union would The modern aircraft carrier is one of the long since been closed without having scatter her tenders among the many remote most potent offensive and defensive weapons obtained the desired testimony or evi­ and obscure bays and coves of the Commu­ in our country's arsenaL Carriers strengthen dence. nist littoral where they could ~ sought out our policy of deterrence and enhance our and destroyed only by carrier aircraft. Sec­ ability to repel aggression. The.ir striking The bill I have proposed offers an im­ ond, antisubmarine aircraft carriers form the power, mobility, versatility, and immunity mediate and equitable solution. It au­ nucleus of our hunter-killer _groups whose from the political uncertainty of foreign land thorizes either House of Congress, or mission it is to detect and destroy enemy airbases make the mobile airbase task force any .of its committees or subcommittees, submarines ·at se.a.s an indispensable tool for defending the Free to invoke the aid of a United States dis­ 5. DEFENSE OF THE CARRIER STRIKING FORCE World. trict court to require the attendance and In modern war any target can be damaged testimony of a witness. For example, or destroyed under certain conditions. had this bill been in effect last week, the Nevertheless, Exercise Strike Back, the ma­ Congress Should Act on Legislation To Harris committee, upon Mr. Goldfine's neuvers conducted by the naval forc·es of the Give Congressional Committees Access refusal to testify, could have required North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Sep­ him to appear that very day in the dis­ tember 1957, indicated that the defense of a to Federal Courts carrier task force has been greatly strength­ trict court to adjudicate the issue of the ened in recent years. Carrier striking forces relevancy ()f the disputed questions. demonstrated that they can defiect attacks EXTENSION OF REMARKS Upon proper application by a United by submarines and land-based aircraft with­ OF States attorney, the court could there­ out suffering prohibitive losses.9 upon have passed on the propriety of the The carrier task force presents a formida­ HON. KENNETH B. KEATING interrogation, and if it deemed it rele­ ble defense against attack by hostile bomb­ OF NEW YORK ers. If the enemy succeeds in correctly locat­ vant to the investigation, it could then ing the position of the mobile airbase .at sea, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have ordered Mr. Goldfine to respond. hls planes wm then have to fight their way, Wednesday, July 9, 1958 At that point. of course, he would have first, through an outer screen of antiaircraft been subject to the jurisdiction of the Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, the aura court and any refusal to testify could • House defense appropriations for 1958, op. of misunderstanding and confusion forthwith have been punished as a con­ cit., p. 713. which surrounds the hearings of the tempt of court. 7 House defense appropriations for 1958, op. Legislative Over.sight Committee under.. On the other hand, if Mr. G'oldfine was cit., p. 45. 8 justified in refusing to answer, all doubts u. s. Congress, House Committee on Ap· tt House defense appropriations for 1958, on that score could have been speedily propriations, Department of Defense Appro­ op. cit., p. 713; House Investigation of Na­ priations for 1959, Overall Policy Statements, tional Defense Missiles, op. cit., p. 4555. resolved by an impartial court learned in 85th Cong., 2d sess.. Washington, 1958, pp. 11 House defense appropriations for 1958, the law. It would be up to the court, un­ 466-490. op. cit., pp. 710-711~ Christian Science Mon­ fettered by political or personal interests, 9 Baldwin, Hanson, The Atomic Era Navy, itor, February 1'7,1958, p. 12. not the committee, to pass on the rele­ N~w York Times, October 1, 1957, p .. 3. l2 BaldWin, op. cit. vancy of the question. The effect in this 13310· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE July 10 · ~ sjtuation would be to restrain the inves­ than the $236 billion combined public debt Washington Report of all other nations; 70 of the world's 87 tigating committee from prying into nations· have received our bounty; (2) the matters which are not within the scope EXTENSION OF REMARKS United States is operating . at a loss while of its authorized investigation. Thus the OJ' we do this, the deficit now estimated to be bill's enactment would represent a tre­ $10 billion to $12 billion next year; (3) mendous step forward in safeguarding HON. BRUCE ALGER the $82 billion given away since World War the rights and personal dignity of wit­ OF TEXAS II is equivalent. to all property in the lead­ ing 20 cities of the United States; ( 4) the nesses. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Enactment of H. R. 259 would consti­ jobs created by foreign aid industry are non­ Wednesday, July 9,1958 productive since we are giving it away; (5) tute the most constructive step that foreign aid money already voted, yet un­ could be taken by Congress toward in­ Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under spent, includes $5,194,000,000, plus $2,06.0,- creasing the efficiency of its investiga­ leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ 000,000 in holdings of foreign currencies tory practices. Obviously, it could ORD, I include my newsletter of last totaling $7,254,000,000. Add to this $3,078,- smooth the already rough path of the week, July 5, 1958: 000~ 000, and you have $10,322,000,000 ·in the Harris committee. The McClellan com­ WASHINGTON REPORT pipeline-too much; (6) vested interests in mittee might also employ it effectively foreign aid ·continuance creates almost over­ (By Congressman BRUCE ALGER, Fifth Dis­ whelming lobbying pressure; these include in its war against organized crime. trict, Texas) (a) printing and publishing industries, (b) Although this measure unanimously JULY 5, 1958. motion picture industry, (c) shipping, (d) passed this body in the 84th and 85th The mutual security appropriation bill manufacturing, (e) export and import firms, Congresses, and has the backing of the (foreign aid) took up where the earlier au­ (f) commercial bankers, (g) colleges and American Bar Association, the American thorizat ion bill left off (newsletter, May universities, (h) clergy (United Nations Civil Liberties Union and other out­ 17) and repeated many earlier pro and con Children's Fund), (i) military; (7) Public arguments. The committee bill passed Law 480, by which we give away our sur­ standing and informed organizations, it handily without amendments 253 to 126. has gotten bogged down in this Congress. plus food throughout the world is not Both parties split their vote with more Re­ studiously related to foreign aid; (8) the Having been objected to on the Consent publicans than Democrats supporting the Development Loan Fund is.getting out of the Calendar, it now rests in the Rules Com­ President's requests for small additional control of Congress, and pyramiding; (9) mittee, which last year denied a rule funds. Debate produced some statesman­ there are now over 40,000 ICA (International on it. like statements expressing grave concern for Cooperation Administration) employees dis­ the state of health of our national economy, pensing these fl,lnds-a self-perpetuating I am extremely hopeful the problems this by some Members whose voting records spotlighted by the Legislative Oversight bureaucracy; (10) the most vital informa­ are not evidence otherwise of economy­ tion is denied Congress by off-the-record Committee in getting information from mindedness. The $3,078 million provided $1,800 mil­ hearings and by the State Department re­ Mr. Goldfine will spur the Rules Com­ moving any testimony they choose from lion for military assistance (to help other mittee to action. I am consulting with the record. Mistakes and questionable or various members of that committee, nations man and equip military establish­ ments as allies) , defense support $835 bad policies can thus be buried and perpet- urging them to reconsider a rule on million (t o bolster economies of nations uated. . H. R. 259. I am confident if it gets to unable to support such military forces, in· We must decide what our policy is, then the :floor, it will pass overwhelmingly. addition to military assistance), technical cau it what it is. · Charity it is not, as it is Mr. Speaker, our legislatiye branch· cooperation, $171.5 million (share know-how, sometimes pictured, since we are manipulat­ cannot pass proper laws witpout ascer­ techniques, skills with less developed areas, ing or influencing others through military including United Nations program), then aid, economic help, and political diplomacy. taining the need for · them through Our policy must · be hardheaded and self­ proper investigation. But. the present special assistance, contingency fund and other programs, $391 million. . Eleven interested, the only position understood and procedures for compelling testimony are - countries get military aid only, 30 get mili­ respected in inte:rnational diplomacy. A unwieldy and unfair to all concerned. · tary and economic aid, 22 countries and 10 strong Unite~;! States will attra.ct allies and · The recalcitrant witness who may or territories get economic aid only. · command respect from enemies. Weakening may not be justified in his silence de­ Few question ·the necessary defense pos­ ourselves through overspending cannot pbs- . serves a quick adjudication of his rights ture of this Nation which includes foreign sibly- strengthen the Free World alliance. or lack of them. The committee whose military bases, mainly airfields, as the de­ After an, United States fiscal suicide 1s questions or jurisdiction are challenged,· terrent to Russian aggression. Yet, the mu­ Russia's goal. · tual security program is .disapproved by To conclude, as a courageous Congressional likewise needs definite and speedy many, including myself, as haviiig too little foursome states in the minority report ac­ answers. basic policy guidance, and as a result fail­ companying the earlier authorization bill: I hope Congress will respond to the ing to present the ideals and goals of the "In view of the fact that Congress has failed challenge ·most recently exposed by the United States, the world's foremost cham­ to reassert its control over the mutual se­ Goldfine episodes and enact H. R. 259 pion and exponent of human freedom ~ In­ curity program, ·in view of tlle failure of the before the end of this session. It would deed, the $2,500 million given to· Communist justifications for. the program to measure up permit a fair and speedy unsnarling of countries since World War II suggests to me to critical analysis, in view o:t: administra­ that we are -giving aid and comfort to an tive laxness in carrying out the program, and the Goldfine-Harris committee snafu. enemy dedicated to destroy 'an we ·hold. in view of the needless authorfzation of bil­ It would place in the hands of Congress dear, even sacred, our· very belief in deity. lions of dollars when the pipeline- ~!ready the tools with· which to conduct fair, Other disturbing criticisms of foreign aid contains billiorui, we cannot support the productive and speedy investigations · that will not go away include: ( 1) ·Our j)ub­ mutual security bill." To which I add, leading to sound and needed legislation. lic debt of $275 billion is· $39 billion more Amen. And I so voted.

their utmost to insure justice and peace Wednesday, July 9, 1958, was dispens~d SENATE and to show forth Thy praise among all with. the nations of the world. THURSDAY, J ULY 10, 1958 Fill their hearts, we· pray, with. such a MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT­ sense of Thy goodness that they may be Rev. John T. Speaks, rector, Episco­ APPROVAL OF BILLS pal Church of the Holy Comforter, inspired by Thy wisdom. Uphold them Gadsden, Ala., offered the following by Thy strength, we pray, so they will A message in writing from the Presi­ prayer: serve Thee with gladness, as they seek dent of the United States was communi­ to do Thy gracious will, through Jesus cated to the Senate· by Mr. Miller, one of Almighty God, the fountain of all wis­ Christ, our Lord, who with Thee and the his secretaries; and he -announced .that dom and the giver of all spiritual bene­ Holy Ghost reigneth ever one God, world on June .28, 1958,:the President had ap­ diction and grace; hear the prayers we ~i.thout end. Arne~. proved and signed the following acts: make unto Thee, beseeching Thee to look upon us with Thy loving kindness, to · S. 846. An act for the establishment of a THE JOURNAL National Outdoor Recreation Resources Re­ drive from us all wrong desires, and so view Commission to study the outdoor to sanctify our every thought and action On request of· Mr. JoHNSON of Texas, recreation resources of the public lands and that those here entrusted with the au­ and by unanimous consent, the reaging other land and water areas of the United thority of gove1·nment will endeavor to of the Journal of the proceedings of States, and for other purposes;