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AMEX a re proud to American Express® is one of the world leaders s i n providing personal and business Credit Cards AMERICAN support the Australian that offer financial control and flexibility as well Express E ngineering Excellence as a leading rewards program. Awardss a a Silver To find out more about the Engineers Australia Partner in 2010. American Express Cards, visit the website at www.engineersaustralia.org.au/americanexpress/

Engineers A ustralia is pleased to present . e its 19th annual Australian Engineerin The Awards will be presented at a black tie dinner in the Lts ' 3 € Great Hall at Parliament House, Canberra on Wednesday Excellence Awards in 2010. 24 November 2010. Tickets n ow on sale. To purchase your tickets online or for sJoin u this year in celebrating outstanding more information visit www.excellenceawards.org.au engineering a chievements and discovering the new technologies and great innovations which never cease to amaze. 1300 653 113 [email protected]

Goth S ILVER PARTNE CAlEGGRY rArlaren§

snowyhydro < E 54 TECHNOLOGY SYDNEY srANDARDs renewable e nergy Australia

ENGINEERS A USTRALIA

FROMHE T PRESIDENT A ENGINEERS A USTRALIA

Mobility e nhances team

ou w ill be aware that I have been the p eak body of registration authorities facilitating discussions around the in Canada. We currently have an agree- country on the impacts that pre- ment with Texas entered into under the dicted population growth might auspices of the US Free Trade Agreement have on the wider community. This is- to reciprocate mobility and to expand sue has come to the fore as an issue of recognition in the US, we will be speaking public debate in Australia and Engineers with the Board responsible for licensing Australia is hosting a web forum on the engineers in the states of New Hampshire impacts of population growth. The forum and Maine in October 2010. is divided into sections to allow discussion It is important for all engineering on topics such as transport, water, tel- associations (and governments) to have ecommunications, energy, infrastructure confidence in the abilities, standards and and planning. Careful planning around experience of engineers working across Australia's future population is essential to international boundaries, and to that end, ensure the health, wealth and well being we will be promoting the excellence of of all Australians. I would like to invite Australian engineering. all members to join this discussion. The By the time you are reading this article, forum will be hosted for the next few the member ballot will be about to open. Doug H argreaves months to give everyone an opportunity This ballot seeks your support for the [email protected] to post their views, particularly those of proposed Royal Charter and ByLaws. If our specialist committees, colleges and you haven't done so yet, I urge you to visit division groups. At the end of the proc- the website specially developed to provide ess, we should have a very well developed you with ample information from which Improving p rofessional report to give to government on what you can vote in an informed manner. It can mobility enables engineers engineers believe should happen to cre- be found either by visiting the Engineers ate a sustainable Australia for the future. Australia home page or by going directly to develop international There is growing interest in mobil- to www.ballot2010.org.au. On this site, ity opportunities across the engineering you can participate in the discussion as experience that team and in the last 20 years there has well as providing your particular views benefits the individual been a growing interest in multilateral on both the For and Against cases. For agreements for engineering graduates, your information, National Congress on engineer, the firms that criteria for working independently and for 28 July 2010, voted overwhelmingly to employ them and the the recognition of experienced engineers. put the drafts to a member vote (44 for, 2 Engineers Australia supports this concept, against and 2 abstentions). Also National communities they serve. as improving professional mobility ena- Council voted overwhelmingly to support bles engineers to develop international the Congress motion. experience that benefits the individual I believe the proposals are compliant, engineer, the firms that employ them and equitable and modern - compliant with the communities they serve. The World the taxation laws in terms of our not- Federation of Engineering Organisations for-profit status, equitable in that our (WFEO) is also vitally interested in this engineering technologists and associates concern and is discussing it at their who have been allowed membership for upcoming conference. The International 20 years, who pay their dues, who are able Engineering Alliance (IEA) has also set to be members of Division committees, up three forums for the engineering team. Congress and Council and can hold many Engineers Australia aims to gain office bearer positions but are currently international recognition of Australian unable to vote in ballots and the Annual engineering academic qualifications and General Meetings, and modern in that the to be involved in international accredita- language is easily understandable by all. tion programs to promote and maintain Again, I urge you to peruse the available international comparability between information and vote. engineering programs and increase I also want to tell you that our chief reciprocal graduate and experienced executive Peter Taylor is far from well engineer mobility. We are involved in and has been undergoing medical tests, over 30 international agreements with procedures and treatment for quite some fellow professional associations. As well, time. Can I ask you to think of and pray Engineers Australia has a mutual recogni- for Peter and Barbara and their family at tion agreement with Engineers Canada, this very difficult time.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

3 I |HE T JOURNAL OF ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA

COVER S TORY

Engineering f ocus on Queensland

AUSTRALI A

Southeast Q ueensland tackles its future infrastructure needs. Further to the north,

Cairns Hospital receives an upgrade and the

future options for powering the northwest are considered.

QUEENSLAND Cover d esign: Jin L iaskos

ALSO...

C hristchurch earthquake

The e fficacy of the New Zealand loading

code is put to the test. CONTENTS

ENGINEERS MEDIA HEAD O FFICE ACCOUNTANT ADVERTISING R EPRESENTATIVES Engineers A ustralia magazine, published by 2 E mest Place, Crows Nest, NSW T issa Mohotti Victoria & Tasmania Engineers Media (registered nameEngineers (PO B ox 588, Crows Nest 1585) Wyeth Media Services Pty Ltd Australia Pty Limited, ACN 001311511), phone2 0 9438 1533 NATIONAL M ARKETING MANAGER 10 Keysborough Close Engineers Australia's publishing company, fax 02 9438 5934, Terry Marsden Keysborough Vic 3173 is a magazine reporting impartially the www.engineersmedia.com.au PO Box 161 Dingley Vic 3172 latest news of interest to engineers. The PRODUCTION M ANAGER phone 03 9701 8844, fax 03 9701 8877 statements made or opinions expressed in EDITORIAL E MAIL Chris Gerelli [email protected] South A ustralia & Northern Territory the magazine do not necessarily reflect the Russell Baker Advertising & Marketing views of the Institution. PRODUCTION ADVERTISING E MAIL J in Liaskos, Stefan Novak PO Box 413 Engineers M edia retains copyright for this [email protected] North Adelaide, SA 5006 publication. Written permission is required EA B OOKS MANAGER phone 08 8267 1198. for the reprinting of any ofits content. GENERAL M ANAGER Daniel Kneprath Queensland Bruce Roff M BL Media, PO Box 5834, Q Supercentre, BOARDF O DIRECTORS ADVERTISING M ANAGER Mermaid Waters, Old 4218, Dr Peter Greenwood, HonFIEAust MANAGING E DITOR New South Wales (Head office) phone 07 5594 5455. EngExec (chairman); Gunilla Burrowes, Dr D ietrich Georg, FIEAust Maria Mamone FIEAust; Rupert Grayston, FIEAust CPEng; mobile 0417 266 459 Western A ustralia David Lees, MIEAust CPEng; EDITORIAL O'Keeffe Media Services E/Prof Elizabeth Taylor, AO FIEAust; Peter Danny C ameron, Kirill Reztsov, 181 York Street, Subiaco WA 6008 Taylor, FIEAust CPEng; Dr Liam Waldron, Michael Lee, Thomas Derricott phone 08 9381 7766, fax 08 9382 4850. FIEAustCPEng.

Average N et Distribution Reader s urveys by Civil E dition Memberof P ublishers Australia N a CIRCULATION 2 1,536 Vol 82 No 10 w media t hat engages Nielsen October 2009 ISSN 1448-4951 to M arch 2010 CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

THE J OURNAL OF ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA l

IN T HIS ISSUE...

3 F ROM THE PRESIDENT 49 MARGOT CAIRNES Improving professional mobility Igniting performance in people

6 FROM THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE 50 REGULATION & REGISTRATION Voting on new Royal Charter

8 LETTERS 52 POLICY The effect of the federal election for Engineers Australia

14 NEWS 56 SOFTWARE -Feature

31 SNAPSHOT , , 20, 66 EXECUTIVE ENGINEER Bill Marmion - WA minister for commerce, . . . science, innovation and housing - Engineering and leadership - Engineers beat lawyers in debate - How to apply professional ethics 32 BALLOT 2010 - Technical leadership: a formula for success Changes to Engineers Australia's governing - Driven by passion and vision documents

72 SUSTAINABLE PROJECTS 34 COVER STORY OF THE MONTH - The ANZ Centre is awarded for its sustainable design 46 WORLD VIEW - Mooney Valley Racing Club Engineering education accreditation system

74 COURSES, CONFERENCES 47 WOMEN IN ENGINEERING & MEETINGS Increasing participation in leadership

76 PRODUCTS & PROCESSES 48 S USTAINABILITY Restorative j obs 78 C LASSIFIEDS

ENGINEERS A USTRALIA NATIONAL V ICE-PRESIDENTS NEWCASTLE VICTORIA Alex Baitch, FIEAust CPEng; Dr Marlene 1 22 Parry St, Newcastle West 2302 1 3-21 Bedford St, North Melbourne 3051 NATIONAL O FFICE Kanga, FIEAust CPEng; David McHugh, phone 02 4926 4440, fax 02 4929 7121. phone 03 9329 8188, fax 03 9326 6515. 11 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 FIEAust CPEng; Bronte Strout, FIEAust phone 02 6270 6555, fax 02 6273 1488 CPEng; Barry Tonkin, FIEAust CPEng NORTHERN WESTERN A USTRALIA www.engineersaustralia.org.au G PO Box 417, Darwin 0801 712 Murray St, West Perth 6005 Customer Service email CHIEF E XECUTIVE phone 08 8981 4137, fax 08 8941 3449. phone 08 9321 3340, fax 08 9481 4332. Peter Taylor, FIEAust CPEng [email protected] HONG K ONG CHAPTER 1300 653 113 COLLEGE C HAIRS QUEENSLAND Paul Kwong, Hon Secretary Mike Flood, FIEAust CPEng (biomedical); 4 47 Upper Edward St, Brisbane 4000 phone 852 2828 5969 NATIONAL P RESIDENT Brian O'Neill, MIEAust (chemical); Barry phone 07 3832 3749, fax 07 3832 2101. email [email protected] Prof Doug Hargreaves, FIEAust CPEng Tonkin, FIEAustCPEng (civil); AlbertKoenig, EngExec FIEAustCPEng (electrical); DrJuliaLamborn, SOUTH A USTRALIA MALAYSIA S OCIETY FIEAust CPEng (environmental); Peter Level 11, 108 King William St, C K Liew, Hon Secretary NATIONAL D EPUTY PRESIDENT Hitchiner, FIEAust CPEng (ITEE); Graeme Adelaide 5000 email [email protected] Mervyn Lindsay, FIEAust CPEng Field, MIEAust CPEng (mechanical); Philip phone: 08 8202 7100, fax 08 8211 7702. SINGAPORE G ROUP Blundy, FIEAust CPEng (structural). NATIONAL I MMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT SYDNEY Lalith Premarathna, Hon Secretary Peter Godfrey, FIEAust CPEng DIVISION O FFICES L evel 3, 8 Thomas Street, Chatswood 2067 phone +65 6227 9689 email [email protected] CANBERRA Phone 02 9410 5600, fax 02 9410 0000. COUNCILLOR R ESPONSIBLE FOR FINANCE P O Box 6038, Kingston, ACT 2604 UKASSOCIATION Bruce Howard, FIEAust CPEng phone 02 6270 6519, fax 02 6273 2051. TASMANIA P eter Walsh, Hon Secretary 2 D avey St, Hobart 7000 email [email protected] phone 03 6234 2228, fax 03 6234 2216. Printedy b Offset Alpine Printing. Environment System Paper fibre is sourced from certified forests I SO 14001 and paper is manufactured under 15014001 Environmental Certification. Certified CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 5 I

a F ROM THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE \ moumecm ENGINEERS A USTRALIA

Maintaining a n

unbroken run

rom t ime to time, readers comment on In t hat column, I highlighted the the contents of my column: sometimes outstanding teamwork of the doctors, at meetings or functions, sometimes the paramedics and the other hospital in emails and letters, and sometimes workers who had put me well on the in Letters to the Editor. Not everyone road to recovery. agrees with everything I write nor does There were many parallels with the everyone find everything I write entirely teamwork we experience in engineering palatable. That is, of course, the way it when professional engineers, engineering should be in an organisation boasting technologists and engineering associates more than 93,000 intelligent, professional apply their individual and distinct skills and ethical members. and experience to deliver outcomes that Our new five-year Strategic Plan, couldn't otherwise be achieved. Code of Ethics and draft charter and There were also cross-professional by-laws have all greatly benefited from teams of medical and engineering ex- wide consultation and robust discussion. perts who had combined their skills to Peter T aylor In the end, the majority view prevails: produce the amazing equipment that fence-sitting, in a modern progressive was connected to me and which had [email protected] institution such as Engineers Australia, been responsible for some of the most

is no longer a sensible or viable option. significant advances in public health in Recently, one reader asked me who the history of the human race. Our n ew five-year writes my column. I was a little taken You are forgiven if you are wonder-

Strategic Plan, Code of aback, initially, but on reflection realised ing why I am revisiting the past. Let me that it was probably not an unreasonable hasten to assure you that it is not a case Ethics and draft charter question. of "writer's block" and I had to produce This is a very complex organisation 600-o0dd words to keep the editor happy. and by-laws have all with a huge range of involvements and There are a couple of coincidences. By greatly benefited from responsibilities, nationally and interna- early 2006, attempts to repair our defective tionally. Apart from the many enthusiastic bye-laws (this spelling was used then) by wide consultation and and dedicated volunteer office-bearers, I way of a multitude of amendments had

robust discussion. have a wonderful team of expert directors been quite firmly rejected by the relatively and other staff, many of whom would be small number of our Corporate Members more than capable of writing an occasional who had opted to exercise their right to column for me. vote in such matters. The perceptions of But, when I started in this job, more an undervaluing of teamwork across all than six and a half years ago, I decided that members of the engineering team caused, because the Engineers Australia magazine in my view, both hurt and damage. is our flagship means of communicating In October 2010, Corporate Members with you, our members and our wider are once again deciding the fate of our readership, it was incumbent upon me fundamental governing documents: the to write my own stuff - and that is what Royal Charter and By-laws, which have I have done. been completely rewritten and strongly I recall that some years ago, while supported by the Engineers Australia lying in a hospital bed recovering from National Congress and Council. Please self-inflicted mountain bike injuries and make your vote count. under varying influences of morphine And, by the time you read this, I will be and other medications, the thought of recovering from major surgery - thanks missing the editor's deadline kept playing to the combined teamwork of medical with my mind and disturbing my sleep. and engineering professionals, paraprofes- (I wasn't about to break my continuous sionals and many others. So, not wishing run of columns!) Around 4am I asked to break my run, I have written this in the night sister for a clipboard, paper advance. and pencil, and what was to be my most Thank you to all of you: family, friends, personal column so far appeared in the colleagues and members who have given February 2006 issue. and are giving me the strength to win.

I 6 C IVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 CLOCKWISE F ROM TOP LEFT CORPORATE COUNSEL KATE PERUMAL DISCUSSES A PROJECT IN HEAD OFFICE (~A WOMEN@ABIGROUP TuUh OF THE BULK WATER ALLIANCE PROJECT IN THE ACT NSW BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ELENA POTENZ

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Your l etters are

welcome. They should oLetters t the Editor not exceed 300 words. Not all letters can be

published. Developing e xpertise in niche areas By submitting your letter for publication our c over story in the have t he required capacity to fpipeline o projects so that the you agree that September issue of En- undertake these projects, and investment in additional capa- Engineers Australia gineers Australia raises secondly, whether Australian bilities would not be just for the magazine may edit the some concerns with re- firms are competitive with their short-term. A boom-bust cycle letter for legal, length gard to Australian engineering international counterparts in is highly undesirable from both firms not being awarded more this area. an economic and human capital or other reasons. design work, for large oil and If Australia does not have the perspective. Unpublished gas projects. domestic engineering capac- Given our current skills letters cannot be Engineers Australia encour- ity, it needs to determine how shortage, which will continue acknowledged or ages the employment of local important this is for the Aus- into the future, the Australian returned. engineers and the development tralian engineering sector, and engineering sector may need and maintenance of local capac- for Australia's future economic to concentrate its efforts in ity. In Western Australia, we wellbeing. Past arguments for carving a niche in the world Sendo t are aware that there are some building Australia's capacity in market. We may be better engineering consultancies and certain areas have centred on focusing on developing areas The E ditor, many contractors who have the selection of niche areas that where there is relatively little Engineers Media, obtained work related to the are not already covered in other current expertise, such as in PO Box 588, oil and gas projects, mainly on parts of the world. For instance, the renewable energy sector. onshore facilities. Norway is internationally rec- While government policies Crows Nest NSW 1585 It is a commercial reality ognised as a centre for oil and and programs may assist in that the companies that make gas and subsea expertise - the setting directions for industry, the decisions about where to country has spent the past 30 and may provide incentives nFax o award design contracts in oil years developing this. But there to develop local engineering and gas projects will turn first may be some niche areas of the expertise for specific sectors, 02 9 438 5934 to the large well established oil and gas industry that can be ultimately, these decisions will centres in the US, UK, Norway identified and developed. be made by the market and oEmail t and perhaps Japan where they If it were determined that oil by the Australian engineering have established relationships and gas expertise is an area for sector. editorial@ and capacity and track records. further development, Engineers Leanne Hardwicke Two issues require consid- Australia would welcome this. Director of Engineers e ngineersmedia.com.au eration. Firstly, we must ex- However, there would need to Australia's International and Send your letter either amine whether Australia does be some indication of a future National Policy Directorate in the body of the email or - preferably =- as an Zero c arbon reality attachment in Microsoft Word. he Z CA2020 energy plan successful?" lowest c arbon emissions (per (featured in the Septem- O ver the past 20 years, capita) of the large developed ber edition of Engineers Denmark, Germany and Spain, countries and low electricity Australia) is a transition really committed to the devel- charges. plan to a non-carbon energy opment of renewable energy The need to transfer to economy that appears to be powered economies and have non-carbon energy sources, based more on a political, invested more than $100 bil- because of climate change and ideological belief than engi- lion dollars. The result is disap- the depletion of global oil and neering technical expertise. pointing, no fossil fuel power gas reserves, will be the big A comprehensive engineering stations replaced, no change challenge for the world econo- critique of this plan can be to carbon emissions and high mies over the next decade or found at http://bravenew- electricity charges. so. Successful, cost effective climate.com/2010/08/12/ By stark contrast about 30 transition plans will be based zca2020-critique/. years ago, in a period of just on real world engineering data Just applying a simple re- 10 years, France constructed and evidence, not ideological ality test to ZCA2020, the 35 nuclear reactors replacing beliefs. following question could be almost all its fossil fuel electric- Tom Bond asked: "Has any other country ity generation. Today France OFIEAust tried to do this and were they has 58 nuclear reactors, the Bunbury, WA

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| L ETTERS

Concerned a bout the ballot approach Losing f aith

s a C hartered Profes- This a ppears to be mislead- public ( unethical behaviour) n t he almost thirty years sional Engineer, I am ing and deceptive conduct, unless Engineers Australia I have been a member of very concerned by the since a YES Vote to maintain mounted a major public- the Institution of Engineers apparent unprofessional our not-for-profit tax status ity campaign to explain that (Engineers Australia), I underhand approach being will also automatically approve MIEAust no longer had the have been proud to be identi- used to change our Royal the other unwanted changes. same high standards. Such fied as such, but not today. Charter. Why were the motions not publicity may dissuade new The members of Engineers Also the proposed change separated? members joining. Australia have twice made in voting rights and corporate The effect of granting the It appears that the people resoundingly clear their op- membership (downgrade of proposed voting rights would leading Engineers Australia position to the current lead- MIEAust status) is a concern. be to remove from Professional through the Royal Charter ership's desire to change the Perhaps Engineers Australia Engineers the exclusive deci- change process do not under- corporate membership provi- could explain, as I have lost sion making about the Charter stand the concepts of "professions of our constitution. confidence in Engineers Aus- and the By-laws - the very un- sionalism" and "ethics". Having met a wall of resist- tralia and now view their ac- derpinnings of the engineering Engineers Australia is not ance, these officials have not tions with mistrust. profession. a business or a political party been happy with our recalci- I am concerned that En- The underhand activity and an attitude of "the end jus- trance. That I can understand. gineers Australias leadership referred to above illustrates tifies the means" or "whatever But instead of accepting the is ignoring the wishes of why the only people who can it takes" is unacceptable. will of the membership, or members, by re-submitting a be trusted to protect the profes- How do we stop the uneven openly re-testing it, change to our Royal Charter sion are Professional Engineers professional culture spreading the officials appear to have which members have already themselves. and bringing the engineering acted in an underhanded resoundingly voted twice to Increased Engineers Aus- profession into disrepute? and unprofessional manner reject. tralia revenue may occur Allan Sangster in rolling these unwanted Also this re-submitted following a downgrade of BScEng MIEAust CPEng and twice-rejected changes change has now been com- MIEAust, due to a growth Chair of Joint Electrical together with a necessary bined with a mandatory ATO in lesser qualified members. Branch, Engineers Australia change regarding our not- tax requirement into one However, the downgrade Sydney for-profit status into one mo- Motion. would be misleading to the tion, in an apparent attempt

Responding t o the concerns

Sangster's L etter to the Editor do n ot understand the will Engineers t hemselves". promoting i ncreased mem- above was initially posted on of the membership. The Con- I am pleased that he has bership or about Engineers the www.ballot2010.org.au gress is a group that represents placed such faith in us Pro- Australia revenue flows. If blog. This letter to the edi- the whole engineering profes- fessional Engineers and yet I there is to be a growth in tor was sent to the editor in sion, members are elected am surprised by his claimed membership it will be as response to the blog posting. from divisions, colleges and lack of faith and trust in those a result of a perception of am writing to respond societies, special interest same people who will decide increased value of becoming to Allan Sangster's letter groups (such as women in the fate of a ballot outcome. a member. It is unlikely that on the ballot circulated engineering, young engineers, His assertion that MIEAust any growth in "lesser quali- to Engineers Australia's technologists and associates). is at risk in simply not true. fied" categories of members members in September where I see it as a representative Membership grades have not, will arise from this initiative. Sangster alleges that the ballot membership and once capable and are not altered in any The ballot is about improving being proposed is under- of interpreting the mood of sense under the proposed the integrity and cohesiveness handed. the membership. Royal Charter and By-Laws. of the Charter and By-laws. The approach used to On the issue of equity, of I repeat MIEAust as a post I am not sure how Sangster change our Royal Charter has giving associates and tech- nominal has not changed in its can suggest the behaviour of been open and transparent nologists voting rights, it has status. The international sta- the engineers on Congress and is consistent with best been implied the engineering tus of professional engineers is unethical for promoting practice. Much has been said profession would somehow within Engineers Australia is a ballot to the professional about the consultation process be changed to its detriment set by international accords - engineers within Engineers and the inclusion of members as a result. in this case the Washington Australia to modernise its in said discussion. That is most clearly ar- Accord and if anything the Charter and By-laws. Such Sangster asserts those ticulated by Sangster in say- proposed new documents assertions are nonsense. leading Engineers Australia ing "the only people who strengthen our standing. Barry Tonkin through the Royal Charter can be trusted to protect the I can also categorically JP FIEAust CPEng and By-laws change process profession are Professional say this ballot is NOT about NVP Social Responsibility

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| L ETTERS

to o btain what they want by An i mpassioned response subterfuge. Like most members, I have am p assionate about Engineers groups). T he final version is Council, d ivision committees, strong views on the matter of Australia and I care very much a fully redrafted and logically college boards and importantly corporate membership. But about its future. I have been integrated, modern document. I by the Young Engineers Australia the strength of those views a senior office bearer for the urge corporate members to vote, national committee ... our future wanes in comparison to the past decade and have committed and to vote YES in the ballot. leaders. disquiet I feel in being part myself to furthering our Institu- The unpalatable alternative The proposal attracting the of an organisation whose tion's goals and to enhancing our is that we retain a patched up, most attention from those less leadership uses such appar- standing and influence in the archaic language constitution involved, is that eligibility to ently underhanded tactics. I community. The proposed new that has inconsistencies and is vote in By-laws ballots is to ex- have no problem with robust Royal Charter and By-laws was ambiguous in how it is inter- tend to all fee paying members. discussion and debate and I diligently crafted with input from preted. Compare the documents This would include financial have no problem with being senior office bearers supported and see what I mean. engineering technologist and on the losing side, should that by expert legal advice. Further- The proposed new Royal engineering associate members. be the case. more, the penultimate draft was Charter and By-laws has been Some are concerned that in But I have a major problem displayed for comment from the tremendously well received by giving this group ballot voting with what appears to be un- broad membership before it was those members most closely rights, we will somehow cease derhandedness in the leader- robustly debated and finalised involved in the governance of to be a professional organisation. ship of our professional body. by Congress (the body of senior Engineers Australia; the decision This is ridiculous. Technologists John Loiterton office bearers representative of to go to ballot was overwhelm- and associates are tertiary quali- FIEAust divisions, colleges, technical ingly voted for by Congress and fied and have been members of societies and special interest the YES vote is endorsed by our Institution for 20 years. The profession hasn't fallen apart, despite them contributing to numerous committees and being Amazed a t registration in Queensland elected to senior office bearer roles ... voted in by professional n r egard to Michael Bevan's Thiss i further accentuated 2002 ( Queensland) by "ensur- engineer colleagues. Technolo- article "Engineering in by the fact that the BPEQ ing professional engineering gists and associates already have Queensland - registration voids all responsibility for services are provided ... in a voting privileges in all Engineers required" it never fails to assessing RPEQ applicants professional and competent Australia electoral votes, includ- amaze me how the Board by directing them to become way", so again I ask what is ing for the National Deputy of Professional Engineers Chartered Members of Engi- the relevance of yet another President (National President Queensland can continue to neers Australia, at which time registration that essentially elect), with the marked excep- support an act that separates they are granted automatic means the same thing? tion being that they are not able it from the remainder of the qualification for RPEQ status. In my opinion the only to vote in By-laws ballots. And country. All other states rec- Obviously the system used for confusion that exists among the reality is that By-laws ballots ognise Engineers Australia determining and continually engineers in Queensland is are prepared by Congress, with Chartered status as the level monitoring if applicants are not "how" the legislation ap- great rigour, before being put of qualification required to worthy for Engineers Aus- plies, but why the legislation to the membership. There will provide a professional engi- tralia Chartered Status satis- still applies. not be any diminution of the neering service, what makes fies the requirements of the Michael T aylor profession, nor of the value of Queensland any different? Professional Engineers Act MIEAust CPEng RPEQ MIEAust, should the By-laws ballot be successful. Decisions to go to a ballot to change our constitution are not entered into lightly and require enormous time, effort and cost OVER 8 0% OF ENGINEERS BELIEVE tens of thousands of dollars. The proposed Royal Charter and THERE ARE LIMITS TO AUSTRALIAS By-laws is equitable for our full membership, compliant with leg- POPULATION GROWTH... islative requirements and meets the needs of our organisation. Again, I strongly recommend a YES vote in the By-laws ballot. Visit: Peter Godfrey FIEAust, FAICD, w ww.engineersaustralia.org.au/populationforum CPEng, EngExec Immediate Past National President Engineers Australia

I2 1 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

LETTERS I

Codef o ethics and guidelines Leading t he way

was j ust looking through he n ew Code of Ethics and absolutes a nd based almost to- the t imes, what was wrong with September's issue of Engi- Guidelines on Professional tally on the individual's internal giving some actual concrete ad- neers Australia magazine Conduct arrived in the Sep- perceptions of right and wrong, vice, I dare not say "rules", as was and felt compelled to con- tember Engineers Australia and appropriate standards of done in the past. For example: gratulate the magazine for magazine. It had been awaited performance and behaviour. "The good of the community including regular articles by with interest, as I had made a For example: "Act on the basis will come before the good of Margot Cairnes that provide substantive never-acknowledged of a well-informed conscience" other interests" - this used to a balance to the techno speak submission to the process which - whose conscience, informed be regarded as pretty important); in the rest of the magazine. I produced it. The actual "content" by what heritage? "An engineer will not attempt may flick past many articles of the whole combined item, in- "... do what you think is to supplant another engineer; but I always read Margot's cluding preambles for each part, right" - it would be virtually im- an engineer will not work for a from start to finish. In- was contained on four sixths of possible for that to be breached, speculative fee" - for compelling variably they are thought two A4 faces. The website noted no matter what was done or left safety reasons. provoking, informative and on the rear cover face gave noth- undone. What a disappointment. inspiring and I hope they ing more. "Select, and provide opportu- What an abrogation of respon- continue for the long term. That's it, for both items? nities for, all engineering practi- sibility. What a disgrace. What Linda Bower Am I unreasonable to have tioners on the basis of merit" -I will others think of us? MIEAust, CPEng expected rather more? don't expect to ever even meet Richard B Frost Systems Engineering Further, and worse, nowhere all of them. And so on ... FIEAust Manager, N aval - Thales is the "content" much more than While I recognise that these Eastwood, NSW Carrington, NSW motherhood mush, devoid of documents have to move with

AB THE i NsTITUTION oF ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA

NOTICEF O ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 2010

The N inetieth Annual General Meeting of the Institution of Engineers Australia

(Engineers Australia) will be held in the Canberra Room,

Hyatt Hotel Canberra, Commonwealth Avenue, Yarralumla ACT 2600

on Thursday 25 November at 2.00 pm.

AGENDA

Confirmation o f Minutes of the Eighty Ninth Annual General Meeting held in Canberra on 26 November 2009. Presentation of Annual Report and Financial Statements for 2009/2010. Election of Auditors for 2011. t b

s Business raised under Bye-Law 51.2. Presentation of Engineers Australia Awards for 2010. ji

oa Presentation of Certificates to Honorary Fellows 2010. Presentation of Peter Nicol Russell Memorial Medal for 2010. N Retiring National President's Address - Prof Doug Hargreaves FIEAust CPEng EngExec g Installation of Mr Mervyn Lindsay FIEAust CPEng as National President of Engineers 10 Australia 10. Declaration of the National Congress and Council for 2011.

Engineering House Peter T aylor 11 National Circuit Chief Executive BARTON ACT 2600 October 2010

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 13 I

NEWS

Loading c ode holds firm as Christchurch shakes

"*~ a rly last month, the New Zealand ing e arthquake in New Zealand since the ings a nd infrastructure throughout the ___. South Island city of Christchurch and Hawke's Bay earthquake in 1931, the lack country through regular updates of the the Canterbury region suffered signifi- of structural damage to a lot of buildings NZ earthquake loading code. _- cant damage due to an earthquake. was said to be a glowing testament to the At the same time research in seismology The magnitude 7.1 earthquake oc- efficacy of the NZ loading code. Only two and earthquake engineering progressed curred at 4:36am NZST on Saturday 4 weeks after the event, on 16 September in New Zealand universities and at GNS September. Its epicentre was 40km west the State of Emergency was lifted and the Science. of Christchurch city and the initiation of Canterbury region officially moved into Members of the New Zealand Earth- faulting was at a depth of 10km. the recovery phase. quake Engineering Society had introduced The earthquake was felt throughout Most of the damage was to pre-code courses to train engineers and emergency the south island and as far north as New unreinforced masonry buildings. Despite services personnel in post-earthquake Plymouth on the North Island. Dam- the strong ground shaking, tall modern rescue and reconnaissance, and these per- age to buildings and infrastructure in buildings seemed to suffer no damage. sonnel swung into action immediately after Christchurch and surrounding areas was For years the New Zealand government the earthquake occurred. They marked considerable but no building collapsed has been preparing for just such an event. buildings using the "traffic light" assess- and there was no loss of life. Networks of sensitive seismographs, ac- ment system which yielded 80% green, "It was fortunate the earthquake oc- celerographs and GPS recorders have been 14% yellow and just 6% red. curred when the central city streets were installed and are monitored in near real With the immediate rescue and re- deserted, as there would almost certainly time by GeoNet, a GNS Science project sponse phase over, engineering seismolo- have been many deaths and serious inju- funded by the New Zealand Earthquake gists from GNS Science have now joined ries had it happened during a busy time Commission. GNS seismologists have colleagues from the Building Research As- of the day," the New Zealand Society for regularly updated earthquake hazard sociation of New Zealand and Canterbury Earthquake Engineering reported. maps as new information evolved and and Auckland Universities to investigate Though it is cited as the most damag- engineers used them to strengthen build- the impacts on buildings and infrastructure in Canterbury to find out how different construction types performed. New Zealand Civil Defence director John Hamilton said the main focus for Christchurch City Council, Waimakariri District Council and Selwyn District Council continues to be building as- sessments in their respective areas. The Earthquake Commission expected up to 100,000 claims of residential damage to be lodged. The Bridge Research Group of the Natural Hazard Platform at GNS Science has inspected 52 bridges in Christchurch and surrounding areas. Overall, bridges in the Canterbury area have suffered little structural damage but moderate to extensive damage to abutments. Damage was mostly limited to the Christchurch and Kaiapoi areas where there was extensive liquefaction. The group found collapsed or extensive damage of pedestrian bridges in areas prone to liquefaction and lateral spreading. Five pedestrian bridges in total were severely damaged. There was negligible structural damage to road bridges, limited to distortion and

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ncracks i the foundation abutments and "Before S aturday, there was nothing in (horizontal a ccelerations 1.25 times that piles. There was only one bridge where the landscape that would have suggested due to gravity) were recorded near the the failure of a structural component led there was an active fault beneath the epicentre, representing a rare seismic to closure. Darfield and Rolleston areas," said Kelvin recording made near a fault rupture. It Other infrastructure lifelines such as Berryman, manager of the Natural Haz- was the strongest ground-shaking ever water, sewerage and power, were damaged ards Platform at GNS Science. "Geologists recorded in an earthquake in New Zealand. on a small number of bridges, leading to have no information on when the fault Similar recordings were made on other a loss of services for suburbs close to the last ruptured as it was unknown until [the "strong-motion" instruments within 15km affected bridges. quake]. All we can say at this stage is that of the epicentre. In describing the geological condi- this newly revealed fault has not ruptured "The instruments in Canterbury have tions in the area, GNS Science said the since the gravels were deposited. produced extremely valuable data that will Canterbury Plains are underlain by up to "We have an obligation to learn as be of interest to scientists and engineers 2km of gravels deposited by glacial action much as we can from this event to help internationally," Berryman said. over the last two million years, the surface improve our understanding of earthquakes The full set of accelerograph data to- layers deposited in the last 10,000 years and their impact on society, and to help gether with PDFs of the waveforms are since the last glaciation. ensure that New Zealand is well prepared available from the GeoNet FTP site. Data The earthquake produced a 22km- for future earthquakes." files are in ASCII format, and documen- long surface rupture with up to 4m of Peak ground accelerations (pga) caused tation for decoding the files and descrip- horizontal displacement in the vicinity by the main shock were recorded by tions of site conditions can be found at of the epicentre. GeoNet instruments. Readings of 125%g ftp.geonet.org.nz/strong/processed/Docs.

Australians f ly in to assist

by K evin McCue Zealand s hortly after the earthquake to reinforced m asonry structures. assist with the reconnaissance effort. I arrived on the Wednesday night. olunteer m embers of the Austral- Professor Mike Griffith from Adelaide Christchurch was shaken and battered ian Earthquake Engineering Soci- University arrived in Christchurch early by a magnitude 7.1 earthquake but no ety (AEES), a technical society of the morning after the earthquake and one was killed despite extensive damage Engineers Australia, flew to New joined a team inspecting damage to un- to low-rise unreinforced masonry build-

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ings a nd infrastructure, not unlike that fupgrade o loading codes. On one of the continued o ur inspections. In the garage experienced in Newcastle, NSW in 1989. time series already carefully analysed, the of a converted wooden church about There has been widespread ground record shows a permanent displacement 1km from the fault we found almost no failure and liquefaction. of about 2m, consistent with on-ground structural damage yet the barbeque was A magnitude 7 earthquake is included observations and pga well in excess of 1g. turned upside down, a heavy concrete in the background source for the New Zea- The earthquake caused extensive roller moved back and forth a metre or so, land probabilistic seismic hazard analysis liquefaction, most of it sand and water a full 2000L water tank moved 15cm on (NZ PSHA). The event on 4 September pumped to the surface from only 1m or its 1.5m high steel stand and the contents was about the 500-year design earthquake. 2m down. We inspected damage and the of the house and garage were trashed. The NZ Loading Code requires that effects of liquefaction which included road We examined an electrical transformer engineers and architects accommodate a disruption, closed bridges and building station nearby which continued function- Z factor of 0.22 (Z akin to pga) in their settlement to 0.5m. It seems that many ing though undermined by a right lateral building design. From early indication of the liquefaction features seen around segment of the fault where fences, roads and this appears to have been accommodated the city coincide with sewer and water a drainage channel were all offset by 1.5m. because there were no catastrophic failures pipe trenches. About 40min north of Christchurch, and no loss of life, despite the average pga Prof David Mukai (structural engineer we inspected the streets of Kaiapoi. There recorded throughout the city of about 0.2g. from the University of Wyoming on sab- was fine grey volcanic sand everywhere GNS/Geonet has amassed a very exten- batical in Christchurch), Dr John Zhao and mini-grabens through gardens, roads sive dataset to guide future research and (GNS engineering seismologist) and I, and under houses due to lateral spreading and liquefaction. At one house the wheel of a wheelbarrow could be seen protruding from the bottom of a metre-deep trench. In another only 30cm of a 3m-long ladder was exposed. Obviously the liquefied sand extended down at least 2m. Many houses, all built on integrated concrete rafts because of the sand, were broken and leaning at crazy angles. Some houses looked okay on first sight but then we noticed that a quadrant of turf had been removed from the lawn so that a door could be opened. A footbridge was folded dramatically due to lateral spreading of the banks yet the parallel road bridge had been recently reopened, though services through the bridge were seriously compromised.

Thiss i an excerpt from a diary of AEES Ara t a lli met P president Kevin McCue's time in NZ. Read The e arthquake caused extensive liquefaction, often in locations coinciding with sewer more at http://bit.ly/quakenz. and w ater pipe trenches. Proto: F uickn/AnnzstReam

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NEWS

Ballot h as members debating

debate i s under way on the Engineers sociates a nd technologists within Engineers Professor D oug Hargreaves said: "Congress Australia website dedicated to provid- Australia the right to vote in future AGMs looked at this very closely and there was ing background information on its and ballots. Some also appear concerned much discussion on whether or not we could 2010 ballot to modernise its governing over the status of the professional engineer. decouple some issues. Our own conclusion documents. On the blog, some members have ex- took us to the current position in this the The website www.ballot2010.org.au pro- pressed their disapproval that a motion Year of Engineering Leadership. vides the opportunity for members to engage previously voted down by the membership is "Some dissenters would say that what we in discussion about the Yes and No case. going to referendum in one motion together are proposing is a radical shift - and quite It also offered members the opportunity alongside changes many of the disapproving simply that is not true. There are no changes to provide input to the Explanatory State- members agree are necessary. One such nec- proposed to the governance structure, there ment - a concise summary of the cases for essary section of the motion is for Engineers are no changes proposed to the membership and against the motion, which will form Australia to insert a "winding up" clause so structure and there will be no impacts on part of the official ballot documentation. the organisation can remain not-for-profit. industrial awards." Submissions for this section closed as this APESMA national president Dario Tomat Hargreaves said that if the motion magazine went to print. expressed such concerns. In a Ballot2010 passed then in fact the opposite would oc- In the 2010 ballot there will be just blog post he wrote: "I agree that the current cur - membership grades would be more one motion and all corporate members of Royal Charter and Bylaws needs clearer clearly defined. Engineers Australia will be able to tick the drafting ... however the control of govern- "These changes are about doing what is YES box to accept the motion or the NO ance of profession engineers by professional right for the profession. The current govern- box to reject it. engineers (and as a consequence voting ing documents are difficult to read and even Voting will open on Monday 18 October rights on the Charter and Bylaws) was a harder for us to interpret in a meaningful and close on Monday 15 November. paramount concern." way," he explained. Letters for and against the motion have To members that agree with Tomat, "While compliance is a driving force, we been received, a selection of which appear Ballot2010 should preferably have been have also worked toward transparency and in the earlier pages of this magazine. The separated into a number of components, with equity for our members." Ballot2010 blog is also alive with discussion. a Yes or No being asked for each separate A number of the Divisions are now plan- The debate appears largely centred component. ning to conduct extra information sessions around one point. This relates to allowing as- Engineers Australia national president and Q &As.

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Levee b ank repairs in flood crisis

HD e ngineers have worked in tandem September t o resolve the issue. response t o the major flood of that year with the SES and the regional Wan- Excavation work commenced on the - the largest on record - but hasn't been garatta Council to repair the levee 10 September to create room for 16,000t touched by engineers since. Now that we've faults which occurred during the multigrade rock which was poured into inspected the entirety of the levee, we'll Wangaratta floods last month. The levee, 60m of levee bank space, atop a geotextile be aware of any other dubious structural which is located on Wangaratta's Wilson fabric which acted as a membrane. Wan- points for its future." Road, began to weep during the floods, garatta Council representative Andrew The Wangaratta region is situated in the and threatened about 60 homes with the Chuck reported that GHD engineers were northeast Victorian alpine area, and had not prospect of inundation until GHD, SES selected for their specialist insight into suffered a serious flood since 1998, during and council workers laboured from 10-13 levee bank faults. which time the levee bank successfully "The engineers we recruited have a diverted excess waters. The area is heav- background in hydrology, and we repaired ily occupied by rivers and creeks, among the levee according to their recommenda- which Fifteen Mile Creek and Ovens and tions," Chuck said. King rivers are the most important. "We don't really know what caused the The recent September flooding incident levee fault - you don't know what will saw as many as 650 homes isolated by water, trigger a fault in the levy until the flood however Wangaratta Council stated the arrives. There was a long period where the region is slowly recovering from the flood. levee was very dry, so we couldn't really Infrastructural damage will reportedly predict h ow well it was going to function. cost between $1.7 million and $2 million "The levee was first built in the mid- to repair, with a number of roads, bridges 80s, then changed and raised in 1993 in and culverts demanding attention.

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I0 2 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

CEO r etires in succession process

fter a 4 2-year career with Leight- pany h as been extraordinary. on, Wal King has announced "His time as CEO has seen Leighton his retirement as the company's grow from revenue of $1.3 billion and chief executive officer. a profit of $7 million in 1987 to this The announcement was made on 13 year's record result of $18.6 billion September following months of media worth of revenue and $612 million of speculation regarding the future of the profit after tax," Mortimer said. company's leadership and will see King King will be succeeded by David step down as CEO on 1 January 2011 Stewart, who has served as Leighton's after 23 years in the top job. chief operating officer since July 2009, King was quick to dismiss the and served as Leighton subsidiary rumours retirement was prompted John Holland's manager for over by souring relations with Leighton's three years. German parent company Hochtief. "The transition from King to Stew- "I'm leaving of my own free will," art is the result of a comprehensive he said during his press conference, succession process that has been un- stating that he had organised a retire- Cs A der way for the last two years," said ment package in April last year, which * | Mortimer. will include a consultancy role with "We are not going to change things the company, a fixed payment of $12.6 unless they need to be changed," said A\! million, a bonus of $5 million if he King. "The company is in great shape." LeightonEO C Wal King will retire on can oversee a smooth transition to the 1 January 2011. Stewart, who has been with the new team and a $4.9 million restraint Leighton Group for 24 years, said that against working in competition against Leighton c hairman David Mortimer he has no intention of straying from Leighton within the next three years. said King's contribution to the com- the direction set by King.

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 21 I

An a rtist's impression of how the interchange at the F3 Freeway might look.

Works c ommence on Hunter expressway

he d esign and build contract for the include t wo full interchanges at Kurri Once c ompleted by the end of 2013, 27km western section of the new Kurri and Branxton as well as two half the new road will provide a 40km high- $1.65 billion Hunter Expressway is interchanges at Loxford and Allandale. way connection between the F3 and the currently being processed, clearing The work includes approximately Lower Hunter, easing congestion on the the way for construction work to begin of earthworks as well as the New England Highway. The completed early next year. Abigroup has been an- treatment of two mine subsidence areas. expressway is expected to cut travel times nounced as the recommended tenderer The complete new four-lane 40km between Newcastle and the Hunter by by the Roads and Traffic Authority of expressway on the northern end of the F3 28min. NSW (RTA). freeway is being constructed under two It is a jointly funded project, with The expressway's western section will contracts, with the 1 3km eastern section $1.45 billion coming from the federal include the building of 27km of four (F3 Freeway to Kurri Kurri) being built government and a further $200 million lane divided highway between Kurri under an alliance and the 27km western from the NSW government. The con- Kurri and Branxton, 22 bridges and four section (Kurri Kurri to Branxton) under struction of the new road was pitched grade separated interchanges. This will a design and construct contract. to Infrastructure Australia as a priority for the NSW government. The road project is the biggest currently under way in NSW. ORDER I NFORMATION Preliminary design and construction SAIGLOBAL costing has already been completed on Precast the eastern section of the project, with the contract finalised at $825 million. Online C oncrete The eastern section will be constructed h ttp://infostore.saiglobal.com,/store by Thiess in alliance with Parsons Brinck- Phone erhoff, Hyder Consulting and the RTA. Handbook From within Australia: 131 242 From overseas: +61 2 8206 6010 At 13.3km long, the alliance section Second E din will include a four-lane divided highway Retail P rices (GST incl)* from the end of the Newcastle Link Road Student D isk $77.00 to Kurri Kurri in the Hunter Valley. The Book or Disk $187.00 section will include 2Mm? of earthworks, Additional Disks with three $40m-long and 40m-high viaduct Book/Disk purchase (each) $110.00 bridges over mine subsidence affected

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 NEWS

Plans f or PNG hydro dam begin to flow

ustralian e nergy company Origin dam w ould possess the capacity to However, a ccording to the Queens- is partnering with Papua New generate approximately 1800MW of land government, Origin still needs to Guinea Energy Developments and renewable baseload electricity. solve a number of problems before the the Queensland and Papua New "This would be the first project to project can progress, with issues such Guinea (PNG) governments to pursue deliver year-round baseload renewable as price, impact upon the local PNG what could potentially be Australia's energy into mainland Australia," said environment and effect upon the local biggest hydroelectric interest since the Origin managing director Grant King. population still requiring attention. Snowy Mountains River Scheme. By connecting PNG's hydroelectric "Like any large project there are many The project, referred to as the PNG energy into the national electricity grid, hurdles and requirements to be met and EDL, would aim to use the Purari the project's transmission lines would many questions to be answered before River in PNG's highlands region to also facilitate the integration of a number it becomes a reality," said Queensland create a renewable hydroelectric dam, of wind and solar plants in far north premier Anna Bligh. whose energy would be transferred to Queensland, which currently do not "However, this is a first step toward Australia via an underwater cable and possess the infrastructure to connect to making Queensland the renewable en- integrated into the national electricity the national grid in Townsville. ergy star of Australia." grid in Townsville, Queensland. The governments of Papua New Guinea and Queensland signed a Memorandum of Cooperation with PNG Energy Developments (PNG EDL) and Origin Energy in mid-September to support the potential development of the hydro electricity project. The project would provide low carbon baseload electricity to PNG, north and far north Queensland, and Australia's National Electricity Market. A feasibility study of environmental, sociological and engineering aspects is expected to be completed in 2012, which will determine whether or not the hydro plant project will be viable. If the project were successfully undertaken, the underwater cable would aim to connect PNG's hydro plant to North Queensland by 2020, in time to meet Australia's carbon reduction target. In preparation for the 2012 feasibility study, Origin and PNG Energy Developments are already evaluating the hydroelectric potential of the Hurari River, which sits in the Gulf Province about 350km from the capital of Port Moresby. Origin considers the Gulf Province a prudent choice for the PNG EDL project, as the region sees an average annual rainfall of 8m. A series of engineering and environmental studies Lindapter H ollo-Bolt / E liminates welding = Minimised fire risk undertaken over the past 30 years have The u nique, cost effective identified the site as a favourable loca- solution to cavity fixing / A esthetically pleasing finish problems. = Clean lines and neat finish tion for a hydro power project, due to The L indapter Hollo-Bolt is a / Reduces installation time & cost the sparse local population and specific patented method uring = Quicker turnaround geographic characteristics. The catch- ectangular or circular / H igh tolerance to on-site practice Tel: 1 300 304 320 steel and = Non-specialist labour ment area is one of the highest rainfall ealwork where www.anconbp.com.au regions in PNG, with the Purari River at ocess is available from one o/ N special equipment required side only. = Cost savings Wabo having a mean annual discharge Offices l ocated in Sydney, Brisbane, / Guaranteed load bearing capability Melbourne and Perth. of 2500m®/s. = P eace of mind International Tel: +61 2 8808 1111 Consequently, the proposed hydro

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 23 I

US m ilitary targets Australian robots

by S ydney University PhD graduates Alex Makarenko, Tobias Kaupp and Alex Brooks. Their Rover robots were designed to address the marksmanship problem posed by moving targets, which, according to Rover co-designer Brooks, are significantly more difficult to hit than stationary targets. "Our robot design is the only 'smart target' on offer to the military," said Brooks. Marathon Robotics' design for its armoured autonomous Rover robot is intended to resemble a human target. Its mobility is based on the two-wheeled Segway mobility platform, and can reach

a top speed of 12.6km/h. Marathon t echnician Brad Brown works on the robot Segway platform. Its mannequin-style body is composed of a durable plastic which is certified to arathon R obotics has secured tion w ith the Department of Defence and endure the impact of up to 5.56mm and a US$50 million ($57 million) with the support of the federal and NSW 7.62mm rounds. contract with the US military governments to develop the autonomous Rover robots will be the first smart to provide autonomous "smart Rover robot prototype. targets to be incorporated into the train- target" robots for live-fire marine sharp- Based in Australian Technology Park ing regimen of the US military. Fleets of shooter training. The company has spent Sydney, Marathon Robotics is a robotics Rover robots are already being used by the past eight years working in conjunc- development firm established and led the Australian defence forces.

OWVOTE N to elect the representatives Aft; w ithin your Division to fill vacant 47 and positions for 2011. Voting is open between Monday 4 October 2010 and 5:00pm (AEDT) on Friday 29 October 2010. For details about the voting process visit the website at: www.engineersaustralia.org.au/elections

www.engineersaustralia.org.au/elections a ENGINEERS A USTRALIA

Steam p umping station comes back to life

by M iles Pierce

he 1 00-year-old 300hp (225kW) triple-expansion steam engine and its associated fire-tube boiler returned to life in September following a project by Engineers Australia Sunraysia Group to re-tube the Colonial type wood- fired boiler. The steam engine was originally manufactured by Thompson's Castlemaine. The historic Millewa "A" pumping station is situated on the Murray River immediately upstream of Lock 9, 50km west of Mildura. It was constructed in 1927 by the then Victorian State Rivers & Water Supply Commission as a part of the The 3 00hp triple-expansion steam engine with Engineers Australia Sunraysia Group Millewa area irrigation scheme to provide member Peter Stone operating the steam inlet valve at right. Proto: M ies Pierce an annual supply of stock and domestic water into some 462 farm storages. The Council w ith the Sunraysia Group acting tubes a nd these have now been installed. pumping station lifted water from the as caretakers, restorers and operators. Peter Stone, dubbed Sunraysia Group's river into a 14km earthen channel con- Up until 1994 the boiler was fired at "Mr Steam", deserves much of the credit for necting to Lake Cullulleraine from where least once per year, raising enough steam the practical restoration of this important three further pumping stations re-lifted to operate the engine on no-load. A large piece of our engineering heritage. the water to successively higher distribu- number of boiler tube failures precluded tion channels. Millewa A is now the only further live steam operation. In 2007 the Miles P ierce is chairman of Engineering surviving pumping station and ownership Sunraysia Group obtained a grant via Heritage Victoria, Engineers Australia. is now vested in the Mildura Rural City Heritage Victoria to purchase replacement

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a unique self supporting steel framed roof, eliminating the need for columns which would otherwise restrict spectators' views. During construction of the roof extensive temporary propping was required until each shell @Yal could be connected together.

After considering various alternatives, Grocon Falk chose to use RMD Megashor for this task. The high load capacity, the ready availability and the ease with which design changes can occur made it the obvious choice. Garvin L ow Project Engineer Grocon Construction Pty Ltd

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 25 I

NEWS

Data c entre Glass r eprocessing plant opened

for Sydney new g lass reprocessing plant has Western A ustralia, NSW, Victoria and been opened in Western Australia Queensland. The combined capacity will $72 m illion contract has been to help the state manage its waste help increase Australian glass recycling awarded to John Holland by glo- and increase recycling rates. rates from 38% last year to over 50% bal data centre services provider The Colmax Glass facility transforms next year. Equinix to deliver the first stage glass into high-value products suitable Western Australian environment of construction for its Alexandria Data for a variety of practical uses, including minister Donna Faragher said the new Centre. The contract will be delivered bottle manufacture; insulation batts; plant would crush and clean waste glass under a managing contractor arrange- surface coatings for road markings and that was previously sent interstate for ment and includes the delivery of the swimming pools; blasting abrasives; processing. design phase and construction of the filtration; and cement additives. "Before this plant was built, glass had first stage of the facility. The plant will initially divert 20,000t/a to be transported to South Australia for The project is Equinix's third data of glass, increasing to about 40,000t/a processing and the transport costs and centre in Australia and will involve the when fully operational. the fact that some of the material was not refurbishment of an existing 18,000m> Industry, through the National Pack- clean enough to be recycled meant much warehouse in Alexandria, Sydney. aging Covenant, and Colmax Glass con- was simply placed in landfill} she said. Called SY3, the centre's first phase will tributed $5.4 million toward the project. Colmax will work with the various add 1000 cabinet equivalents and is The project was also cofunded by the state governments to help achieve increases in expected to be completed in the second government which contributed $1.95 the national recycling rate, and to help quarter of 2011. The completed centre million through the WA Waste Authority. Australia become an international model will have a total capacity for more than Colmax Glass now operates plants in of glass recycling efficiency. 3000 cabinet equivalents. Design work for the project is close to being finalised with construction to commence immediately. Changes i n coastal planning

in Western Australia EPCM a warded

for Hope Downs he W estern Australian Planning for t he general guide from 100m to 150m. Commission (WAPC) has updated The new setback provisions will be the sea level rise value for use in applied to new developments, with ex- BR h as been awarded a contract to coastal planning, bringing WA into isting developments being allowed to provide engineering, procurement line with the policy positions of other remain, and infill development (within an and construction management states. established developed area) also allowed. (EPCM) for the Hope Downs 4 Western Australia planning minister "The decision has followed careful iron ore mine in Western Australia. John Day said the WAPC had adopted a consideration and reflects the latest in- The scope of the project is valued Policy Position Statement which revised formation from the International Panel at US$1.285 billion. predictions for sea level rise from 0.38m on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) and The project is part of a joint ven- to 0.9m by 2110. the Australian Commonwealth Scientific ture between Rio Tinto and Hancock "As the sea level rise value in this and Industrial Research Organisation Prospecting. state's Coastal Planning Policy is based (CSIRO) (2008), and is consistent with Rio Tinto will develop and operate upon estimates from 2001, the WAPC other state jurisdictions' policy positions;" the Hope Downs 4 mine as manager considers it necessary to amend this value Day explained. "It will ensure coastal of the joint venture, for which KBR in recognition of nationally accepted and planning guidelines are based on the most completed both the preliminary and adopted increases in sea level rise projec- up-to-date information, common sense final definitive engineering studies. tions," Day said. and a precautionary approach." KBR will provide design, engineer- "A key objective of the policy is to The Position Statement, together with ing, procurement management, project create a coastal foreshore reserve that can the supporting technical paper Sea level and construction management for the accommodate coastal processes - such as change in Western Australia: Application mine. sea level change, erosion, accretion and to planning, can be viewed under the Construction is scheduled to begin severe storms across a 100-year planning Plans and Policies section at http://www. in February 2011, subject to regula- time frame." planning.wa.gov.au. tory approvals and be completed in For new developments on a sandy coast A full review of the State Coastal early 2013. the impact of an increase in vertical sea Planning Policy (SPP 2.6) has begun, level rise value from 0.38m to 0.9m will with proposed changes expected to be result in an increase to the horizontal set- released for public consultation by the back of 52m, increasing the total setback end of the year.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

Training K oreans Aid e ngineering - tell us your story!

in mining ngineers A ustralia has declared 2011 similar w ay. the Year of Humanitarian Engineering. To ensure that we cover a wide range of We want to start the Year with a selec- work and locations, we invite engineers to he U niversity of Western Australia tion of stories from engineers who have tell us about their humanitarian involvement. and Curtin University have signed been working on a variety of humanitarian We will then select a number of projects a memorandum of understanding projects. The aim of these stories is to show for publication in the January 2011 issue of (MOU) with 10 Korean universi- the breadth of humanitarian projects engi- Engineers Australia magazine. ties to assist in training engineers in the neers are involved in and to acknowledge To start off, just send your story sugges- energy and mineral resources sectors. their work and commitment. The stories tions to [email protected] or Western Australian education min- might also entice other engineers to follow phone 02 9438 1533. ister Liz Constable met with Professor suit and offer their expertise and time in a Dietrich Georg, Managing Editor Changwoo Lee of Dong-A University, Korea and participated in the signing ceremony at the University of WA. The Korean universities have formed KEMREP, the Korea Energy and Min- DESIGN E NGINEERS - ADELAIDE eral Resources Engineering Program, which has the financial support of the Korean government. KEMREP is keen to commence Korean student exchang- es to WA later this year with up to 60 undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in short-term programs. "This is a strong endorsement of the quality of Western Australia's resources sector and our education and training programs which provide the knowledge and skills for the sector," Constable said. | | a ® * _ -=. .1 i“ ‘ Contractor hala a € * ® B ~- l "_ A’NL’ G \ oun? km“ Whi ‘V uga. a ppointed for ' ._. a #

university W&G i s one of SA's leading consulting engineering firms employing 150 people nationally. Currently experiencing a period of growth, we are seeking Senior Design Engineers for several high profile projects with values in excess of $100 million, across the following areas: MIT U niversity has appointed Brookfield Multiplex as the con- *- C ommercial, Industrial and Residential Structures *- Land Development tractor for its Swanston Academic *- Traffic and Transport Planning Building, a $200+ million develop- *- Mining and Marine ment set to reinvigorate the northern Essential t o your success at W&G will be your passion for engineering, end of Melbourne's CBD. proven project experience, thorough technical knowledge and "The Swanston Academic Building superior consulting skills. will aim to set the standard for innova- W&G h as a unique culture of flexibility, innovation, empowerment tive design that supports teaching and and respect. Being a company owned and managed by a group learning through new collaborative of actively working directors, there are real career opportunities pedagogies," RMIT vice-chancellor and and attractive benefits, including 5 weeks annual leave, continuous professional development and a friendly relaxed working environment. president Prof Margaret Gardner said. Designed by Lyons, the 11-storey For a c onfidential discussion, please call Danielle Finnimore on (08) building, which will wrap around the 8223 7433 or email your CV to [email protected]. historic Oxford Scholar hotel, will include a two-storey cantilevered student social space overhanging Swanston Street, a further nine double-height waa student portals for informal study and WALLBRIDGE & G ILBERT Consulting E ngineers collaboration, more than 80 diverse NH teaching spaces and a minimum five star environmental design. www.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 27 I

NEWS

Digging d eeper for Australia's largest underground mine

ast m onth Rio Tinto committed to investing $860 million to complete its Australian-based Argyle diamond «_- mine underground development. The project, which is due for completion in 2013, is expected to extend the life of the mine to 2019. Underground development commenced in 2005, however development was stalled in 2009. Activity is set to recommence in the first half of 2011.

Rio Tinto's funding will provide project

development and construction of extrac- Underground m ine works are about to recommence at Argyle diamond mine. tion services, crushers, a conveyer and Proto: A rave Diamonns pump stations for the block cave mine. The company said that block cave mining is a a-half year commitment to the project. implementation a nd coordination of site cost-effective technique that uses gravity McMahon's contract involves around procedures, reporting and scheduling. to extract ore. It involves undercutting the 30km of underground development. Their Downer has been working at the mine ore body, thereby allowing it to crumble contribution is expected to conclude in since 2003. under its own weigh, and removing the February 2013, with the completion of Located in the east Kimberley region necessity for blasting. the project. some 550km southwest of Darwin, Argyle McMahon Construction was awarded Similarly, mining engineering company is the world's largest diamond mine by a $250 million contract by Rio Tinto in Downer EDI has been contracted to at- volume and produces more than 90% of November 2006 to undertake a six-and- tend to equipment fleet maintenance, the world's pink diamond supply.

Reader p rofile of magazine

he m ajority of Engineers Australia and e lectricity with 8%. Commercial b rochures inserted in the magazine readers are high salary The importance of management skills magazine attracted high interest, with earners, according to the latest was highlighted by the fact that 35% of more than 65% of respondents having reader survey conducted by Nielsen respondents gave management/supervi- read them. Media Research on behalf of the publisher sion as their area of work. The only other The survey was conducted in July Engineers Media. The survey found that area that came close was engineering and August. The survey, as opposed to 77% of the survey respondents earn more design at 32%. previously mailed surveys, was conducted than $85,000, 59% more than $105,000 The magazine scored a high readership online and achieved an excellent response and 31% more than $145,000. with 68% of respondents having read rate of 33%. The survey also revealed that 81% between eight and all 12 issues in the Winners of respondents were working full-time past year. The most popular sections of A choice of prizes was offered to sur- and 7% part-time. The largest employer the magazine were the cover story (71%), vey respondents and the winners were category was private industry (41%), fol- closely followed by general articles (67%), David Zacher from Kwinana, WA (Red lowed by the consulting and the public special features (61%) and news (59%). Balloon voucher), Jamie Armstrong sectors (35% and 23% respectively). Margot Cairnes, a regular columnist, from Tallebudgera, Qld (Apple iPad), Respondents worked in a wide variety returned a readership of 37%. The presi- George France from Applecross, WA of industries, with building and con- dent's column increased its readership to (Red Balloon voucher) and Norman struction at the top with 12%, followed 37%, as did the chief executive's column, William Rick from Australind, WA by water engineering with 10%, and gas which was read by 23% of readers. (Garmon GPS).

JOINT F REE SLABS

SAVE S AVE SAVE S AVE SAVE

I8 2 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

Tunnel l ining segments are organised as works commence on the intake and outlet tunnels at Victoria's desalination plant.

Work s tarts on water tunnels

onstruction i s under way on the marine e nvironment. Two custom-built housing t he reverse osmosis function underground tunnels at the site of tunnel boring machines are excavating has started to take shape with more than Victoria's desalination plant. rock and lining the tunnels with concrete 1000t of structural steel now erected. More The intake and outlet tunnels segments - the tunnels are expected to be than a third of the 84km pipeline that are being built 15-20m underneath sand completed in 2011. will carry desalinated water to Melbourne dunes and the seabed to safeguard the In other developments, the building has been laid.

ENGINEERS A USTRALIA

@ ENGINEERS TECHNICAL J OURNALS A USTRALIA

PAPERS I NVITED Engineers A ustralia invites papers from authors for its learned Technical Journals (formerly called Transactions). The Journals are:

M A ustralasian Journal of Engineering Education M A ustralian Journal of Multi-disciplinary Engineering M Australian Journal of Civil Engineering M Australian Journal of Structural Engineering M Australian Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering M Australian Journal of Water Resources M Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering M Transport Engineering in Australia.

For a uthors to submit a paper, all they need to do is register themselves on Engineers Australia's online submission and tracking system Editorial Manager at www.editorialmanager.com/eatj. The system will then walk them through the necessary steps to complete their submission. Papers can be submitted in any electronic format, as Editorial Manager automatically converts them into a PDF for easy viewing by editors and reviewers.

NEW R ELEASE

The A ustralian Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol 10 No 3, includes six papers focusing on research relating to the design treatment of concrete walls and frames, and significant work on concrete durability and cracking.

To d ownload papers free of charge, Engineers Australia members can log in at www.engineersaustralia.org.au, then go to Resources and Library, then Journals & Transactions under Online Library.

To p urchase complete printed copies of this journal, contact Pam Chenery at Engineers Media, email pchenery@engineersmedia. com.au or phone 02 9438 1533. For non-members to purchase individual papers, go to www.eabooks.com.au, then eJournals.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 29 I NEWS

Desalination Gas d evelopment to help

p lant rejoins grid launch new industrial region

ater p roduction at Queens- land's first desalination plant HP B illiton is set to commercialise The M acedon Gas Development will recommenced last month natural gas from an offshore pro- be operated by BHP Billiton and first after the plant was shutdown duction lease after it announced its production is expected during 2013. on 4 June to allow for rectification approval for the development of the Western Australian premier Colin works by the builder before handover. Macedon gas field in the Exmouth sub- Barnett said the project would begin the In 2009 nine items at the Tugun basin, Western Australia. development of a major new deepwater Desalination Plant were found to need The Macedon project would involve port and industrial estate in the West rectification before the plant could be four offshore production wells supplying Pilbara. Macedon was the first project accepted by the Queensland govern- a wet gas pipeline to an onshore gas treat- committed to a new 8000ha Ashburton ment. ment plant to be constructed at Ashburton North Strategic Industrial Estate and Port Items rectified to ensure warranty of North, 17km southwest of Onslow. The that the state government was developing plant included the replacement of 45 plant will have a production capacity of near Onslow in the Pilbara. pipe couplings and some non-return about 20% of the state's current usage. A Barnett said Ashburton North was valves affected by corrosion, the re- sales gas pipeline will be connected to the also being considered by Chevron for its placement of the 1ML intermediate Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline estimated $30 billion Wheatstone LNG permeate tank, the inspection and for sale to the domestic gas market in project and by other potential producers, repair of the saltwater intake shaft, Western Australia. which could make it one of the state's most the strengthening of the marine dif- Project costs are expected to be ap- important export facilities. fuser, the replacement of around 120m proximately US$1.5 billion, of which "An exciting era is under way for of more than 3km of pipe following BHP Billiton's share will be around 71% Western Australia and the West Pilbara, corrosion, the elimination of minor percent. The balance will be invested by with Onslow and Exmouth poised to vibration of energy recovery devices, joint venture partner Apache Northwest, benefit from significant new investment the replacement of faulty flexible pipes which holds a 29% interest. and development;" he said. and the replacement of bolts securing valves on the reverse osmosis train. Work on these items has been completed and final testing is under way to Collaborative m asters program ensure the durability and warranty of

the facility before it is accepted from the constructor. collaborative g raduate masters gineering a re two particular research The government said the project coursework program has been strengths at ANU and they are part of costs remained within the project's $1.2 launched by the Australian Na- what makes studying engineering at ANU billion budget. tional University (ANU) and the so beneficial," said Baker. University of South Australia (UniSA) as "We also have a strong focus on sys- part of their Engineering Hubs and Spokes tems engineering for defence at UniSA," Improving program. The Master of Engineering said Associate Professor David Cropley, Practice (MEP) is designed specifically deputy director of the Defence and Sys- c ommunication for professional engineers, scientists and tems Institute at UniSA. technologists with flexible delivery and Most courses are delivered in a flex- estern A ustralian premier work-integrated learning. ible mode so professional engineers can Colin Barnett has unveiled a "Its development has been strongly participate either part-time or full-time. $120 million plan to deliver supported by the federal government as The study program is designed so students improved mobile telephone an initiative that brings together the best can opt to exit with a graduate certificate, and emergency service coverage to elements of two diverse universities who graduate diploma, or the full masters, regional Western Australia. have complementary strengths in research depending upon their circumstances and Priority areas under considera- and industrial engagement;" said Profes- the needs of their employers. tion include the Pilbara, Mid-West, sor Chris Baker, dean of the ANU College The development of the MEP is part Gascoyne, Kimberley and Wheatbelt of Engineering and Computer Science. of broader education partnership between regions and benefits will also extend Building on a systems engineering UniSA and ANU, built around a Hubs to the Goldfields-Esperance, Great core, which is a foundation of both uni- and Spokes model. This is providing new Southern, Peel and South-West regions. versities, the MEP offers specialisations opportunities to engineering students Royalties for Regions funding would in engineering systems management, through blended course delivery across deliver the two regional communica- defence systems, sustainability, and solar the two institutions to increase the options projects. energy. tions available to students and provide a "Systems engineering and solar en- more flexible study program.

30 CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SNAPSHOT

Bill M armion

H R obotics engineer Professor Hugh A c ivil engineer, Bill Marmion is Durrant-Whyte has been named NSW the minister for commerce, science, Scientist of the Year by the NSW gov- innovation and housing in the WA ernment. He is research director at the government. Australian Centre for Field Robotics at the University of Sydney. H Civil engineer Michael D'Onofrio was named Project Manager of Year at the Project Management Institutes na- What m ade you choose engineering as a career? tional awards in Brisbane recently. He My father was an engineer and I knew at the age of 16, a difficult time to select a career, that this was recognised for his role in a project would lead to a job. Also, I was good at maths, physics and chemistry. that delivered sustainable infrastructure What m otivated you to go into politics? in partnership with indigenous Kaiadilt A number of factors including the scarcity of engineers in politics and an inspirational address community. D'Onofrio is a senior associ- by Sir Charles Court at his 95th birthday celebration when he said that his accounting profession ate at management consultancy Boston had tapped him on the shoulder and asked him to enter politics as its representative. Consulting Group. What w as one of your most exciting experiences? BH Electrical engineer Randhir Shin- Winning the seat of Nedlands as I was not the favourite. marh received the Queensland Pride What w as one of your most challenging experiences? of Australia 2010 Outstanding Bravery Successfully completing my two-day First Class Badge hike in Boy Scouts at the age of 12. Medal for pulling two men out of a burn- What m akes you laugh? ing car near his home in Dalby. Media British comedies. I also try to see the funny side in most things I do. company News Limited is giving out Pride What inspires you? of Australia awards to "unsung heroes" in Solving problems, either real or perceived, and achieving outcomes. I am inspired by people all states and territories. who take on adversity and achieve great outcomes for themselves and people who they might H Curtin University of Technology represent. has presented an honorary doctorate of What a nnoys you? technology to chemical engineer Gor- People who can only see their point of view and expect others to adopt it as well. Fortunately don Martin. Martin is chair of Coogee these people are few. Chemicals and served as chancellor of the What c heers you up after a difficult day at work? university from 2006 until 2009. My five children ranging from the ageof 3 to 21. B Civil engineer Ian oWhat d you do to keep fit? Luck has replaced Rick Jogging in the morning three to four times a week. I also try to play for my veterans hockey team Turchini as managing on Saturday afternoons but as a minister this has not been so regular. director of construc- oWhat d you like to eat and drink? tion firm Baulderstone. Healthy muesli and orange juice for breakfast and not so healthy pie and sauce for lunch. lam Turchini is retiring, not a connoisseur offood and prefer a good old fashioned roast with vegetables followed by a having led the com- bread and butter pudding. pany since July 2005. lan L uck What w as your first car? H Mark Rea has First I used my mum's old Austin 1800 and then I bought an XW Falcon sedan which had been appointed associate director of a radiator subject to over-heating on hot days. Perth-based consulting engineering firm What m ovie or book had a big impact on you? Pritchard Francis. He has experience in Iam not a big book reader but hope to be one day. As for films, the children's movie Cars, which I large commercial, mining, industrial and have watched with my children over and over again. It shows the importance of doing your best government projects. and that winning is not as important. BH E lectrical engineer Vassilios Age- What w as one of the best decisions you've made? lidis is the new director of the Centre Agreeing to going to a party where I met my wife Katelyn. for Energy Research and Policy Analysis What w as one of the worst decisions you've made? at the University of NSW. He was previ- Choosing to take the short cut on the final leg of a raft race, with my scout team, when leading ously the Energy Australia Chair of Power the field by a 'country mile" and getting grounded on a sand bank and being passed by four Engineering at the University of Sydney. teams. A win in this race would have made us the overall event champions. BH Peter Metcalf has joined the Mel- Whato d you do on Sunday mornings? bourne office of consultancy Halcrow as Sleep in, go for a jog, spend time with my children and do jobs around the house. rail business development manager for What w as one of your best holidays? Australia and New Zealand. Snow skiing in Germany when I was in my mid 20s. It has been my one and only skiing H Mark Greig has been appointed a experience. principal of sustainability engineering What w ould you like to see improve in Australia? consultancy Umow Lai. He joins the firm's Making sure we have the infrastructure in place, or corridors preserved for future infrastructure, to electrical engineering leadership team. maintain our wonderful living standards and environment.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 31 I

BY-LAWS C OMMITTEE

Changes a re about equity

On t he eve of the ballot to modernise Engineers Australia's governing documents, Engineers Australia immediate past president and chair of the By-Laws Committee for 2009 and 2010, Peter Godfrey discussed the changes proposed. He said they are about creating clear governing documents and providing equity. In what is the Year of Engineering Leadership, he said it is only fitting Congress provides just that.

nfter a intensive two years in which Congress has overseen the rewriting of Engineers Australias governing documents to make them modern, compliant and equitable, Peter Godfrey, chair of the By-laws Committee in 2009 and 2010, said it is "vitally important for the future of the organisation" that members vote, and vote YES. "The constitution will help us govern more effectively and efficiently and the general community will see us as a more professional organisation," he said. He said the only major policy change was to give associates and technologists the right to vote at AGMs and in ballots. "Make no mistake about it, this is about providing equity for fee-paying members," Godfrey said. "It is a fair and natural progression after having associates and technologists as members of our organisation for 20 years." He continued: "Giving associates and Peter G odfrey technologists the right to vote does not represent any power shift. It will not ad- He s aid the organisation would finally with t he Australian Taxation Office that we versely affect the definitions of engineering have modern documents that meet its will fix this issue at the first possible op- Awards in Australia. needs. portunity. If we don't address this by voting "There are no changes to membership "The new documents tidy things up YES in the ballot, we may be in danger of grades. It is simply a matter of equity enormously, the draft constitution is now losing this tax-free status," he said. and I'd take issue with anyone who says contemporary and understandable and Godfrey said voting YES in the ballot anything different. clarifies ambiguities and removes flaws," was critical to moving engineering forward "Technologists and associates have Godfrey explained. as a profession in Australia. contributed greatly to many committees, He said Engineers Australia would "The documents bring us into this been division presidents, college chairs and no longer need lawyers to interpret its century. They make us more credible to on Congress ... voted in by professional constitution. the public and key stakeholders and are engineer colleagues. Godfrey cited a lack of recognition of much easier to use. They haven't changed "Technologists and associates already Engineers Australias technical societies our underlying purpose or the objectives of have voting privileges in all Engineers as an example of the shortcomings of the the engineering profession - these remain Australia electoral votes, with the marked old documents. unchanged. exception being that they are not able to "Our governing documents should "[The changes] give us a modern docu- vote in by-law ballots. reflect our organisation," he said. ment that meets our organisational needs, "And the reality is that by-laws ballots "The new document recognises our is equitable and satisfies our regulatory are prepared by Congress, with great rig- technical societies and creates a place for obligations. our, before being put to the membership. them in our organisation." "Decisions to go to a ballot to change "There will not be any diminution of the Another change in the document that our constitution are not entered into lightly profession, nor of the value of MIEAust, is critical for how Engineers Australia and require enormous time, effort and cost should the by-law ballot be successful." operates as an organisation is the inclu- tens of thousands of dollars. Otherwise, he said, the proposed sion of a winding-up clause. He said this "Again, I strongly recommend a YES changes were really about "modernising is needed for the organisation to sustain vote in the by-laws ballot because it is our constitution" and "making actually get- its tax-free status. the right decision for the right time," he ting on with our business so much easier". "Currently we have an understanding concluded.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

BALLOT*®% 2 AUSTRALIA

VOTEES Y

In O ctober Engineers Australia will be asking all Corporate Members to VOTE YES to make our governing documents modern, compliant and equitable.

This f ollows a landmark decision at a special two-day meeting over 27-28 July, where National Congress finalised a complete rewrite of the Royal Charter and By-laws, and a vote by Council on 18 August to endorse a YES case.

The N ational President of Engineers Australia, Doug Hargreaves, believes the revised documents will give the organisation "the framework and clarity we need to be a truly modern, professional and progressive organisation."

"I u rge our Corporate Members to vote YES and accept the new governing documents. They fix the fundamental problems that have undermined our old Charter." ,,

REWHAT A THE KEY ISSUES?

Clarity: T he new documents are written in Plain English. Ambiguities and legal flaws have been removed. Occupational categories are now clearly defined and linked to international agreements, qualifications are clearly spelt out. Compliance: L egislative obligations, professional standards requirements and organisational anomalies have been addressed. We will no longer need lawyers to interpret our own documents. Equity: A fter 20 years as fee-paying members, Associates and Technologists would be given the right to vote in future ballots affecting the Royal Charters and By-laws.

Giving A ssociates and Technologists the- right to vote is the only major policy change proposed. No changes were made to the governing structure of the organisation or to membership grades. Voting w ill open on Monday 18 October and close on Monday 15 November.

FOR M ORE INFORMATION

Visit

COVER S TORY - QUEENSLAND

he m ain wall of the first new dam at w hich point the secondary spillway Building t he dam is the Wyaralong to be built in southeast Queensland initiates. The two-stage spillway has a Dam Alliance, consisting of Macmahon in 20 years is nearing completion. combined capacity capable of passing the Contractors, Wagner Quarries, ASI The construction of the dam's probable maximum flood event. The dam Constructors, Entura (formerly Hydro 500m-long wall is the final phase of the has also been designed to withstand a 1 Tasmania Consulting), Rizzo Australia, $348 million Wyaralong Dam project, in 10,000 AEP earthquake. SMEC, and proponent Queensland Water which began in early 2009. At its comple- Its ogee crest spillway is located cen- Infrastructure. tion, it will be 48m high and have used trally within the dam wall to align with The wall is constructed using roller some 510kt of material in its construction. the stream channel downstream. The main compacted concrete (RCC) with a 400mm It is situated on Teviot Brook between central overflow spillway spans 135m thick conventional concrete (CVC) "skin". the towns of Beaudesert and Boonah, while the secondary stepped spillway As a zero-slump concrete, RCC enables about 70km southwest of Brisbane. spans 150m. Flow from the secondary construction vehicles and equipment to The dam is being constructed across spillway is directed into an apron chan- drive directly on to the dam during con- the river channel and is designed to pass nel which feeds water back to the main struction. The alliance uses conventional flood flows over a centrally placed spill- stilling basin energy dissipater at the toe earthmoving equipment in the dam's wall way within the main wall. The dam has a of the primary spillway. construction - D5 dozers are used to two-stage spillway. The primary spillway When finished, the dam will hold 103GL place the concrete and it is compacted contains flows up to the 1 in 100 AEP of water. In conjunction with Cedar Grove with rollers. To avoid any downtime due (Annual Exceedance Probability) event, Weir, it will provide 21GL/a of water. to maintenance or repair, two rollers and

The l ayers of RCC are placed overnight on a seven d ay cycle, similar to a mining roster, to ensure c ontinual progress is made.

GINEERS A USTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 *

QUEENSLAND - C OVER STORY

s A /;>i{> & mpt . "ozs - A

The s tepped secondary spillway activates during a 1 in 100 AEP event.

two5 D dozers are on site at any given into t he site from nearby storage silos The u se of local sandstone has resulted moment. or quarried onsite. One of the approval in lowered logistical costs, but a second-

During the day, the top of the dam is requirements restricts the movement of ary benefit is that it has also decreased cured with water at all times, the form- trucks brought in after dark or on Sundays. the modulus of elasticity of the wall to work for the CVC skin is lifted, and the Due to this, enough cement and fly ash about 9-10GPa. This is about three times surface is cleaned using vacuum trucks must be stockpiled to ensure two shifts lower than typical commercial concrete in preparation for the next layer of RCC, can be completed. mixes. According to site design coordi- which is placed overnight. The RCC mix While the aggregate used in the CVC nator Colleen Stratford, the increased is heavily retarded so that the top surface skin is basalt, sandstone from the onsite elasticity reduces the build up of high of the concrete can be left during the day quarry is used in the RCC mixture. stress concentrations that would normally shift without reaching initial set. This Early petrographic analysis on the occur with the use of a stiffer aggregate. process ensures that subsequent layers of sandstone indicated that it was cemented A further advantage of this elasticity

RCC are well-bonded to the underlying with clays, potentially of a swelling nature, is found in the placing and forming of layers, without the need for green-cutting providing some initial reservations about concrete and in preventing seepage. Strat- or bedding. the long-term durability and suitability of ford said: "One of the biggest issues from

The seven day cycle is achieved by the aggregate for RCC. a design perspective is the huge amount three crews working eight days out of The alliance put the aggregate through of heat as you produce the concrete. As every 12, like a mining roster, to ensure a rigorous testing scheme and found that the concrete cools, you get shrinkage continual progress is made. the aggregate performs remarkably well cracking which may lead to durability

At the time of writing, the wall was in the RCC mix, with the exception that and seepage problems. As the dam is so rising at a rate of more than half a metre erosion testing indicated that a more elastic, it tends not to crack." per day, with the rate of progress expected durable material was required on the As well as testing on the sandstone, to increase as the width of the dam wall face of the dam. trial embankments were also constructed narrows towards the top. The completed Testing results confirmed the feasibility to undertake water pressure testing, test wall will be about 38m in thickness at its of sandstone as an aggregate, but the CVC anchor pull-out capacity, trial admixture base and 6m at its crest. facing was maintained to provide a more dosages, determine the optimal height of

Materials for the dam are brought durable facing on the dam. each RCC layer, and to allow the field staff

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 35 I COVER S TORY - QUEENSLAND

to f amiliarise with placement techniques. are f ormed up, but this restricts concrete "We d on't want to run into November as Thermal sensors were also embedded placement, the area around the gallery RCC is very susceptible to rain. It's not in the trial section to study the thermal and lowers production rates. One of the just the shutdown, it's the recovery from behaviour of the mix. ideas was to place concrete across the shutdown to clean the surface." Value management sessions held at gallery and then later trench the gallery," By programming the works to finish least two to three months prior to work said Stratford. prior to November, the alliance takes commencing have also been the source The idea was reviewed by the owner advantage of the dry season and avoids of further innovation. Relevant members and the ERP and tested to verify the fin- unnecessary downtime during the typical from the alliance, from international ex- ish of the gallery. Once executed, it saved wet season of January to April. perts on RCC construction down to the several weeks on the project schedule. Environmental concerns are addressed foremen on the ground, looked at ways In addition, the trenching of the gallery through an onsite environmental team to provide additional value including in preference over the traditional use of and quarterly external audits. To date, the ways to improve construction quality, formwork has brought additional benefits. alliance has not had any major non-com- maintenance requirements and reduce Chair of the ERP and verification man- pliances against its approval conditions. the number of defects. ager David Murray said: "A lot of galleries During the planning for the dam, hy- An independent expert review panel have a concrete face and leaks are masked droelectricity generation was considered (ERP) also reviews the design and con- because of that. Here with the trenching, infeasible due to the flow regime of the struction phases of the project through- the gallery will be more functional" Logan river. Recreational facilities are also out its development, meeting every six Another innovation was to prefabricate being constructed including 40km of mul- weeks or so. and pre-fit the dam's control building ti-use trails for hiking, horse riding and One recent value management session offsite in parallel to the dam wall con- biking. Amenities to be built include day focused on improving production rates struction and make the necessary connec- use areas, camping grounds, horse yards around the construction of the dam's gal- tions during construction. Conduits and and boat launching facilities. A purpose- lery, a passageway in the body of the dam other necessary services were relocated to built mountain bike park will also be typically used for inspection and drainage. ensure that works could proceed earlier built as part of a $4 million recreation "Ordinarily, the walls of the gallery Alliance manager Brenton Perry said: master plan.

Cairns h ospital upgrade

he s econd stage of the North Cairns The s econd stage of works also in- to o pen spaces between enclosed areas, Community Health Centre, Cairns cludes the development of a new cancer visual connections to the outside and Base Hospital, has reached practical care centre currently being constructed active measures to control the penetra- completion. by Laing O'Rourke on a site across the tion of sun. The $446 million project for Queens- road from the main hospital campus. Its Tenders for stage three redevelopment land Health is being project managed by services will include radiation oncology works recently closed and the appointment APP Corporation and the initial consul- and ambulatory cancer care. When the of a managing contractor was expected tancy team for the Cairns Base Hospital redevelopment is complete, it will be to be announced as the magazine went upgrade were architects and principal linked to the main area of the hospital via to press. consultants Daryl Jackson, MSJ and an elevated and weather-proof walkway. Stage four of the redevelopment will FaB; building services engineers Bassett It will also house improved staff facilities begin in 2013 and involve the partial re- Consulting Engineers; civil and structural including bike racks and shower facilities, furbishment of three existing blocks as well engineers Arup; and quantity surveyors as well as retail space. It is scheduled for as the mental health unit. It is expected to Davis Langdon. completion in mid-2011. be completed by the end of 2014. The project consists of four stages of The building will also accommodate The total package of works will provide works to ensure that the hospital remains a 650 space car park which is expected an additional 168 beds to the hospital's operational at all times. The first stage to open shortly. existing 363 and provide improved health was awarded as a design and construct Stage three of the redevelopment will services. Of these 168 beds, 103 will be contract to Hutchinsons in late 2008 for begin this month and will involve the allocated to medical beds, 14 to surgical, the development of a new community construction of a new seven storey clinical 27 to women's and children's beds, 15 to health centre on Sheridan Street was services building. It will feature a newly mental health and nine to same-day care. completed mid-2009. developed main entrance to the hospital Benefits from the upgrade include an The works included a new diabetes and include ground floor pharmacy ambulatory cancer care centre complete clinic building, a new car park facility, services, direct access to emergency and with a new radiation oncology service; and services including sewer and power imaging departments, a new cardiology additional cardiac care facilities; increased connections. Diabetes and home dialysis inpatient unit and coronary care unit, and surgical and intensive care capacity; a services have been relocated to this facility day surgery and procedural areas linked special care babies unit; and a low risk from Lake Street. directly to operating theatres. birth centre. Construction company Matrix was The final design will include com- The new facilities are expected to re- awarded the second stage of the commu- ponents such as overhanging eaves, sun duce the need for residents of far north nity health centre in September last year control and adjustable louvred screens Queensland to travel to Townsville or and has just finished practical completion. at balconies, suitable weather protection Brisbane for radiation treatment.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

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COVER S TORY - QUEENSLAND

Invest i n maintenance

and renewal, urges Division

by M ike Brady Queensland a re also receiving ongoing capital investment. ueensland i s recovering steadily Major southeast Queensland water from the GFC and this has been projects as part of the southeast Queens- reflected both in government land Water Grid have also been completed budgets and investment from the including the $2.5 billion Western Cor- private sector, in particular within the ridor Recycled Water Project and the resources sector. Gold Coast Desalination Plant at Tugun. In the last 12 months, southeast All these projects exemplify the capa- Queensland has seen the completion of bilities of the engineering talent within some significant transport infrastruc- Queensland, overcoming significant ture projects. Brisbane City Council has technical challenges in all fields of the opened the Clem 7 Tunnel, the Hale Street engineering profession. Link (Go-Between Bridge) and recently At the same time, southeast Queens- announced the successful tenderer for the land is trying to cope with the impacts $1.5 billion Northern Link Tunnel Project. of significant population growth and The state government opened the new regional Queensland is again experienc- Gateway Bridge (the Sir Leo Hielscher ing huge capital investment within the Bridges) and motorway duplication, resources sector. the Kurilpa bikeway/pedestrian bridge Mike B rady Projects such as the $2.1 billion Yar- (the world's longest tensegrity cable stay wun 2 expansion of the Yarwun Alumina bridge), and with funding assistance from Rails i also seeing a significant boost in Refinery in Gladstone, major new mines the Australian government has completed capital expenditure in southeast Queens- and expansions within the Bowen Basin major improvements to the Ipswich Mo- land with the first stage of the Darra and major plans for the Galilee Basin, and torway including new interchanges at the to Springfield line being completed to the commencement of the massive CSG Logan Motorway and Centenary Highway. Richlands in 2011, and agreement now to LNG projects will see the prosperity of Major upgrading works on the Ipswich to extend through to Springfield over the not only Queensland, but also Australia Motorway will continue for the next few next couple of years. The Gold Coast Light continue well into the future. years and the $4.8 billion Airport Link Rail project will commence soon along However, with all the growth Queens- project is well under construction, with with additional urban rail improvements. land is experiencing and the benefits the completion planned for 2012. The Coal Rail networks within central resources bring, significant pressure is being placed on our existing infrastructure with much needed investment required in the maintenance and renewals across DCWC I NFRASTRUCTURE all infrastructure sectors. Part o f the DCWC QS group - 46 years in operation - wholly Australia med. This underlying problem will require both the Australian and Queensland v/ R oad w Rail viPonts waAinponts va Waten governments to give significant support to the communities within the engine room of the state. The disparity in public We c ommit people. We are higbqualitil "han s o n" cost consultants infrastructure investment between SEQ with m ajor project "hard hat" experience. We are cost consultants and regional/rural Queensland needs to and independent certifiers in civil engin be addressed. infrastructure. Queensland Division will soon be releasing the 2010 Queensland Infrastruc- ture Report Card. We encourage all levels Our s ervices include: of government and the private sector to Estimating a nd cost planning, target cost estimates at P50 and P90 probabilistic levels take notice. Independent e stimator roles Independent r eviewer roles, including design and construction verification Risk and opportunity management - Monte Carlo modelling Mike B rady is President of Value e ngineering verification -- the Queensland Division of Independent verifier/engineering services Engineers Australia. HEAD O FFICE: LEVEL 16, 270 ADELAIDE ST, BRISBANE 4000 Phone7 0 3049 7000 Fax7 0 3049 7070 Email d [email protected] Mecsourne S vyoney Perth CANBERRA

I8 3 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

QUEENSLAND - C OVER STORY

Northwest t ransmission line

he Q ueensland state government has on f uture user requirements, it could be support t owers for the transmission line will approved the draft Terms of Reference extended to about 1100km. either be of a galvanised steel self-standing for a proposed 700km transmission line It aims to improve reliability and supply lattice construction or a guyed galvanised steel from Woodstock, south of Townsville, to the region as well as provide opportunities lattice construction. They will be spaced out to Mt Isa. for renewable energy suppliers to feed back about 400m to 600m apart, and vary accord- The $1 billion "CopperString" transmis- into the national electricity grid. If approved, ing the topography and clearance. sion line project proposes a link from a it may affect demand requirements from The Environmental Impact Statement new substation on the Strathmore to Ross existing powerstations servicing the region, for the project is currently being developed Transmission Line, south of Townsville, to including Mica Creek. and is expected to be completed, along with the northwest Queensland electricity supply The transmission line would provide about the detailed design, by September 2011. If system via a new connection at the Chumvale 400MW of reliable transfer capability via a the project receives approval, construction substation, near Cloncurry. twin-conductor double-circuit assembly. The is expected to start by the end of 2011. Presently, the northwest Queensland electricity supply system stands alone from the national electricity grid. The 275/330kV AC transmission line proposed by the THE W ORD IS CuString and Leighton partnership, would stretch 720km and provide a connection between the two networks. Depending ON THE STREETS.

;:| C i¢ Power u pgrade

S E nergy is planning an upgrade to its Mica Creek powerstation to meet the demands of major customers in the northwest minerals province. This provides the region with two options of future supply, the other being the CopperString project. Chief executive David Brown is preparing to present CS Energy's proposal for the upgrade of the Mica Creek powerstation to customers in the northwest minerals province. "The decision regarding the preferred energy delivery model rests with the major customers in the region," he said. KESSEL Tempo P lus & p olymer concrete channel gully g rate and lintel Tempo 500 gully grates The proposed upgrade will involve retiring four generating units that are nearing the end of their economical life, and replacing them with 120MW combined-cycle gas generation plants. The cost of replacement is between $150 million and $200 million. The powerstation was originally Hinged a nd locking covers BRIO Designer s eries Tree Grates Ergonomic hinged covers, available

coal-fired, however it was converted stormwater and SOLO sewer in l ock down & gas strut lift assist to gas-fired combustion in 2000. TC If long-term contracts can be final- QLD ( Head Office) Ph: 3216 5000 ised by the end of 2010, CS Energy would be ready to commence the NSW P h: 02 9757 3862 VIG P h: 03 9792 5144 WA P n: 0s 9209 2930 upgrade in early 2011 with the new Head O ffice: 452 Newman Road, Geebung, Queensland 4034 * PO Box 34, Virginia, units coming online by 2013. Queensland 4014, Australia (Havestock Pty Ltd ABN 48 010 591 956) CS Energy has stated that if the Ph: +61 7 3216 5000 Fax: +61 7 3216 5222 Email: [email protected] .au www.havestock.com.au competing proposal for an alternative transmission line to the area is approved, it would need to carefully evaluate its EJIW if H aveStock g EAST J ORDAN NOQCG future options for the powerstation. M IRON W ORKS EST.1883 Authorised A ustralian Agent

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 39 I

COVER S TORY - QUEENSLAND

fState o Origin approach to upgrade

he w idening and upgrading of the Ipswich Motorway between Dinmore to Goodna, in conjunction with the construction of local service roads, is set to improve safety, lower congestion and separate local and regional traffic movements. Work on the upgrade is well under way, with a 1.5km stretch of the westbound route opened to motorists last month and the project recently celebrating its three-millionth hour milestone since beginning work in June last year. P Performing the work is Origin Al- we a g -= R = * ~ wo sss: liance, consisting of the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads, Abigroup, Seymour Whyte, Ful- i‘ " k! -°° ton Hogan, SMEC and Parsons Brinck- Goodna C reek is being diverted while a culvert is constructed. erhoff. Rather than asking the industry to come together as a consortium, the horizontal a nd vertical alignments are not up to motorway individual companies were requested to individually propose standards and have a poor safety record. what they could offer and were picked in a manner similar The upgrade to the 8km stretch of the motorway will to how players are picked in the State of Origin - hence the straighten both alignments, providing better line of sight name Origin Alliance. for drivers and allow traffic to flow safely at 100km/h. The In its current situation, the Ipswich Motorway consists of design of the motorway will also reduce the number of on two lanes in each direction. Origin Alliance project manager and off ramps, reducing the amount of weaving across lanes. Mick O'Dwyer said that in its existing state the motorway's About 480kt of asphalt will be laid and 10kt of steel rein-

forcement will be used in the upgrade, which also includes 11km of retaining and noise suppression walls and 24 bridges Available a t EA BOOKS www.eabooks.com.au EA BOOKS that will be added, upgraded or replaced. "Most of the existing bridges are either approaching the Reinforced a nd Prestressed Concrete limit of their serviceable life or the new horizontal and/or Analysis and Design with Emphasis on Application of AS3600-2009 vertical alignment renders them obsolete," O'Dwyer said. The Department of Transport and Main Roads has engaged Hyder Consulting as an independent verifier of the » C overs BOTH Reinforced design and construction of the upgrade. A site team of eight engineers and surveillance officers monitor and audit and Prestressed Concrete construction work. Origin Alliance estimates that 25% of the existing traffic flow on the motorway is by local motorists who have few options but to use the motorway for short journeys to REINFORCED F FESTPE‘SED »y B two of Queensland's GQNFBFF most well known and respected shopping complexes, local schools or public transport links. academics: Yew-Chaye Loo and Part of the project brief is to provide northern and southern Sanaul H. Chowdhury service roads to provide for these motorists and ease conges- 2010 * $ 99.95 « PB « 462pp tion on the motorway. Service roads will connect Dinmore and Redbank near Riverview train station and a separate service road will connect Mine Street to Lower Cross Street. » I ncludes numerous illustrative, numerical and To the south, Smiths Road will be extended between design examples to facilitate practitioners' grasp of Goodna and Redbank. The area through Redbank where the updated AS3600-2009 Smiths Road is currently being constructed has a previous history of use as the Redbank Rifle Range. As part of the construction, unexploded ordnances are scanned for and disposed of, particularly in the Goodna Creek area. THE r esource for young and experienced During construction, the creek and nearby paths through the bush are diverted. In conjunction with the removal of practitioners alike unexploded ordnances, rehabilitation works involving the CAMBRIDGE removal of weeds, clearing passage for fauna and fish, planting new vegetation and improving drainage have been planned

I0 4 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

Smiths R oad under construction near the old Redbank Rifle Range. for G oodna and Six Mile Creek. during t he minefill operation. The alli- Origin A lliance is making use of Last month, an Origin sub-alliance ance is now working with Queensland other forms of technology to determine consisting of Keller Ground Engineering Rail to fill mine voids along the nearby how effective the upgrade will be even and Piling Contractors completed one of rail corridor following the success of during the early stages of development. the project's biggest challenges - filling their operation. At each end of the motorway works the abandoned New Redbank, Westfalen While the motorway will initially be are Bluetooth receivers called BluTrips. Number Three and Goodna coal mines opened with three lanes in each direc- The BluTrips technology was developed to ensure the long term stability of the tion, it has the capability to be con- in 2007 at the University of Maryland, motorway structures. verted to four lanes without additional US and brought to Australia by Parsons Goodna mine, which closed in 1910, construction work. Brinckerhoff. It was first tested on the had since been flooded with groundwa- "Our alignments and our road design motorway in 2008. ter and was contaminated with heavy caters for the changing lane configura- Each time a publicly broadcasting metals. Some of the water extracted tions at a later time so we've got enough Bluetooth device passes the receiver, its from the mines was treated at an onsite width and our curves are set up to deal hardware address and the present time reverse osmosis plant and reused for with that four-lane configuration in one is noted and then compared to the time construction activities, including dust direction;" said operations manager Will it is seen at the other end of the works. suppression. MacDonald. "Basically, it uses Bluetooth tech- The New Redbank and Westfalen In addition, the motorway design nology - like what you find in mobile Number Three mines were not affected considers the electronic monitoring, phones - to capture a very small bit of by flooding, but contained methane. To signalling and control systems that will information from each Bluetooth device, address this problem, the sub-alliance be necessary for the future. which allows us to develop a whole range displaced the methane by using nitrogen "We're building flexibility into the of traffic and travel information. We have injection to lower concentrations to safe current design so that when that four used it for everything from monitoring levels. The displaced methane was then lane happens, it will manage the lane delays through construction works to burnt onsite as it was vented. configuration as well. We're wiring assessing the pros and cons of different To fill mine voids, a batch plant was our lane management to accommodate routes," said Parsons Brinckerhoff traffic built to create a stiff paste consisting of that. All the loops in the pavement, all engineer Jim Otterson. crusher dust, flyash, cement and water. the bits and pieces are in there now," Work on the motorway is expected A total of 120,000m° of paste was used MacDonald said. to be completed late 2012.

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 41 I

The p roject includes a transportation hub, a passenger railway line and duplication of the Centenary Highway.

Easing c ongestion with rail

onstruction i s nearing completion on Transport C orridor project. 160m-long p latform will accommodate a new public transport hub that will The project involves building a passen- six-carriage train sets. Each set has the encourage motorists to switch from ger railway line to Richlands, constructing capacity to carry around 750 people. using private vehicles and help ease a railway station at Richlands and duplicat- The suspended slab station will have road congestion. ing the Centenary Highway from two to rail on either side. The 4.5km dual-track The Horizon Alliance, a collaboration four lanes north of the Logan Motorway rail is nearing completion, with ballasting between Queensland Rail, Department of interchange. Stage 1 is due for completion currently taking place. The track com- Transport and Main Roads, John Holland, in 2011. mences at a junction with the existing GHD and Kellogg Brown & Root, is deliv- The recently completed station is lo- Ipswich passenger rail line west of Darra, ering Stage 1 of the Darra to Springfield cated just north of Progress Road and the running parallel to the Centenary High-

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I2 4 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

QUEENSLAND - C OVER STORY I

way a nd terminates just south of the new security f or commuters. disruption t o commuters. Richlands Station. The platform is elevated to provide ac- "If you go back to yesteryear, whenever a The station platform's shelter collects cess to services below and has sufficient new service needed to be added to the rail stormwater for storage in a 120kL under- headroom to work and walk comfortably network or station an excavator would be ground storage tank. The water will be in the area. needed to dig a trench as platforms were used in bathroom amenities, gardens and Horizon Alliance project director David usually built using earth fill. This would concourse water features. Balmer said the elevated platform will cause delays for commuters and access LED lighting has been employed to enable the installation of any future restrictions due to the construction zone," reduce energy consumption and CCTV services or maintenance of existing Balmer said. surveillance cameras will provide enhanced services to be undertaken with minimal "With the new Richlands Station, instal-

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 COVER S TORY - QUEENSLAND

lations i as simple as drilling a hole through three t axi set down bays have been provided Highway s hould be fully operational in the suspended slab platform and installing for passengers. each direction this month once the final the service from underneath where all the In addition to 30 bicycle racks, storage asphalt surface and line marking has been trunking and distribution cabling is hidden, has been built for a further 80 bicycles. A completed. without disruption to commuters." new 4.5m-wide and 5.6km-long pedestri- The second stage of the project includes Facilities have been provided at the an-cycle shared-access path, linking Darra building a 10km rail line from Richlands station to accommodate those arriving by to Carole Park, has been built as part of to a new station at Springfield, near Orion private vehicle, bus or bicycle. the project. Shopping Centre. Provision will also be A double-level 650-space car park has Stage 1 of the project includes the du- made for convenient road access to the been constructed to service the surround- plication of the Centenary Highway from new Springfield Station and for safety ing communities and ease the load on the two to four lanes from Boundary Road, improvements on the Centenary Highway nearby Wacol and Darra rail stations. Richlands to just north of the Logan Mo- between the Springfield Lakes and Logan The bus interchange, which is capable torway interchange at Carole Park. Motorway interchanges. of accommodating up to four buses, pro- The duplication has required 11 road, This second stage is due for completion vides commuters with alternative transport rail and pedestrian bridges to be built or in 2013, two years ahead of schedule and connections. upgraded and the erection of about 4km of at a cost of $646 million. As w ell, 15 drop-off/pick-up bays and noise barriers. Both lanes of the Centenary

Connecting Brisbane t o the air

ongestion a round Brisbane airport As p art of the other works, East West from K alinga Park to Lutwyche. It has is set to decrease with the Airport Arterial Road will be widened from two been nicknamed "Sandy". Roundabout Upgrade expected to lanes to three each way and the road sur- Rocksy and Sandy each weigh 3.6kt and open 13 months early while work face of Airport Drive will be improved. are 195m long. They have a cutterhead continues on the Airport Link and Accommodating for Brisbane Airport's diameter of 12.48m. Each of their 73 17- Northern Busway projects. growth of 10% per year for the past five inch hardened steel cutter wheels enable The existing roundabout is being years is the Airport Link, the first major them to carve through rock, sand and replaced by a signalised "fast diamond" motorway to connect Brisbane with the gravel on their journey. Where required, interchange, which includes a flyover. northern suburbs and the Airport. It will they can cut through rock that is six to The flyover will be progressively represent Australia's longest road tunnel eight times harder than concrete. As the opened from November and fully op- with 11km of road and tunnel ramps. cutterwheel turns, it passes excavated erational up to six months after. It is Around 6.7km of the road will be material through its excavation chamber, expected to save more than 10min on tolled and will connect the Inner City which is then drawn up a screw conveyor trips to Brisbane from the airport. Bypass, Clem 7 and local road network and on to the TBM belt for removal. BrisConnections engaged joint venture at Bowen Hills to the northern arterials A 1.8km-long spoil conveyor belt trans- group Thiess John Holland for the design roads at Kedron, and East West Arterial ports material from the worksite at Toom- and construction of all three projects. Road leading to the airport. bul to a spoil handling facility in Hendra. The final 436th segment of the Airport Tunnel Boring Machines (TMBs) have It employs a steel dome shroud to partially Flyover was recently installed, completing been employed to excavate a 2.5km sec- cover the conveyor belt and belt scrapers the 750m four-lane bridge. Each of the tion of the main Airport Link tunnel, with and washers to clean the return belt. bridge's 52t segments were prefabricated at the first, nicknamed "Rocksy" boring the After every 2m of excavation, the TBM the Airport Link's Pinkenba precast facility. eastbound tunnel since mid-July. stops and the tunnel is lined by installing About 400 people have worked day A second TBM was recently launched a full circle of concrete ring segments to and night over a period of six months to and will spend the next 12 months ex- provide lining and support for the tunnel. construct the 20m tall bridge structure. cavating the 2.5km westbound tunnel Each TBM took 12 months to manufacture and three months to assemble at a cost of $45 million per TBM. They operate continuously and require a team ALMOST 9 0% OF ENGINEERS ARE IN of 22 operators at all times.

FAVOUR OF GOVERNMENTS USING At peak production, both machines are expected to excavate up to 85m of INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT TO tunnel per week. INFLUENCE THE DISTRIBUTION AND DENSITY So far, over 50% of the Airport Link project has been completed with over 10 OF A USTRALIA'S GROWING POPULATION... million hours worked. Once completed, BrisConnections will commission, operate and maintain Airport Link for a period of 45 years. The Visit: estimated travel time for motorists head- www.engineersaustralia.org.au/populationforum ing to the airport from the city is 6min and avoids up to 18 sets of traffic lights.

4I 4 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

QUEENSLAND - C OVER STORY

In a b id to reduce the number of cars Construction o f the Lutwyche Busway bus t ravel time by almost half between on these roads, the Northern Busway Station is under way and scheduled for Kedron and the Royal Brisbane and project between Windsor and Kedron completion in mid-2011. Women's hospital and improve connec- will be completed at the same time. Two roadheaders have also excavated tivity for northern residents. It is a 3km, two-lane road for buses over 50% of the 490m section of busway The Airport Link and Northern Bus- only. Its route takes it underground mined tunnel and all four of the cut-and- way projects are scheduled for completion and includes 1.5km of tunnel. Two new cover structures are now under construc- by mid-2012. Together with the Airport busway stations at Kedron Brook and tion with two almost fully excavated. Roundabout Upgrade, design and con- Lutwyche will form part of the project. The busway is expected to cut average struction costs total $4.8 billion.

NGGladstone L joint-venture

rench o il and gas company Total will gas f ields will be piped along a 420km and w ill now purchase 3.5Mt/a over the join Santos and Petronas in their pipeline to Curtis Island near Gladstone previously agreed period of 20 years. joint-venture for a large scale project where it will be processed into LNG and 2.3Mt/a will be delivered from GLNG to convert coal seam gas to LNG. exported. train 1 and 1.2Mt/a from GLNG train 2. Santos sold 15% of its stake in the Construction is expected to start on The combined value of GLNG offtake GLNG project to Total for $650 million the new LNG facility early next year. agreements exceeds $100 billion and ex- and Malaysian oil and gas company Total has also signed a binding Heads ports are expected to start by 2014. Over Petronas has entered into an agreement of Agreement to purchase 1.5Mt/a of LNG the life of the project, Queensland deputy to sell 5% of its stake in GLNG to Total. from the GLNG project for a period of premier Paul Lucas expects royalties for When the sale is completed in about 20 years commencing 2014. 1Mt/a will the Queensland economy to be worth three months, the ownership structure be delivered from GLNG train 1 and around $3 billion. of GLNG will be Santos 45%; Petronas 0.5Mt/a from GLNG train 2. He also expects that the project with 35%; Total 20%. Petronas has increased the amount of generate more than 6000 construction Under the project, coal seam gas LNG it previously announced under its and operational jobs by 2013, most of produced in the Surat and Bowen Basin Heads of Agreement binding with GLNG which will be in regional Queensland.

Code c hange

roposed c hanges to the Queens- land Development Code (QDC) Do i ntegrated, sustainable and cost effective rail solutions make will see bike racks, lockers and showers included in all new major you s mile? Yeah, us too. Engage GHD's professionals across developments under new provisions the e ntire life cycle of your asset and smile more. for "end-of-trip facilities". Under the proposed amendments, class 5 buildings, shopping centres, tertiary educational facilities and hospitals greater than 2000m will be required to provide shower and locker facilities for employees or the public. Local governments will also be able to set out any additional requirements. New developments falling under the proposed amendment would be required to provide adequate bicycle parking and storage facilities within 200m of an entrance to a building and for 5% of the building's workforce. Lockers would be required at a ratio of 1.6:1 for every bicycle parking space. Change rooms would also need to be provided and include showers, sanitary compartments, wash basins and mirrors. The proposed end-of-trip facilities, if approved is expected to be imple- www.ghd.com mented in late 2010. The draft amendment is available for consultation at www.dip.qld.gov.au.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 45 I

'| W ORLD VIEW

Accreditation r eaches

milestone in Europe

everal E uropean countries have should h ave and some thought was given adopted a new internationally rec- to what industry needed from engineers. ognised accreditation system for In the EHEA, 3 + 2 is defined in terms engineering education. They are now of two and now three cycles. At the end supporting a new European Accredited of each cycle the graduate emerges with Engineer (EUR ACE) degree certificate. either a bachelors (3 years), masters (2 EUR ACE accreditation is based on years) or doctoral (3 years) award re- national accreditation agencies' programs spectively. that meet legal national standards first The Bologna Process participants have and then EUR-ACE Framework Stand- a strategy to take the process worldwide. ards (EAFS). As of June 2010 nearly 600 The strategy is intended to facilitate mobil- Peter G reenwood programs were accredited by agencies in ity through the fair recognition of qualifi- Australian r epresentative on the World seven countries. The EUR ACE label can cations, strengthen cooperation based on Federation of Engineering Organisations' be awarded in addition to any national partnerships, promote the attractiveness General Assembly and a member of its certificate or label. and competitiveness of European higher Executive Council. The EUR ACE project is sponsored and education and improve communication. coordinated by the European Network ENAEE intends to follow a similar for the Accreditation of Engineering approach, particularly with respect to the Australian e ngineering Education (ENAEE). Under its imple- mobility and employment of European mentation plan a further four countries engineering students and graduates. The degrees are accredited are expected to be included by the end approach will be broad including: against Washington of this year. More countries from the 47 + the possibility of extending the EUR- European Union and adjacent countries ACE system to more countries or EUR- Accord criteria, so any of the European Higher Education Area ACE-like accords outside the EHEA harmonisation with (EHEA) will be included as time and + cooperation with other international resources permit. The plan also provides initiatives such as the International European requirements for a possible extension of the system to Engineering Alliance's Washington countries outside the EHEA. Accord. could be important to The adoption of the EUR-ACE is the The possibility of mutual recognition overseas employment. culmination of a process that started in between EUR- ACE and engineering de- 1999 with a declaration made in Bologna grees elsewhere also seems to be within (the Bologna Declaration) on the harmo- the scope of ENAEE's plans. nisation of all tertiary education including Australian engineering degrees are engineering in Europe. accredited against Washington Accord In 2004 the European Commission criteria, so any harmonisation with Eu- approved the European Accredited En- ropean requirements could be important gineer (EUR-ACE) project proposed by to overseas employment. ENAEE's predecessor. ENAEE was formed Further information can be found at: in 2006 by 14 associations concerned with +- www.enaee.eu for ENAEEO engineering education in Europe. <- www.ond.vlaanderen.be/hogeronder- The Bologna Declaration was sub- wijs/bologna for the Bologna Process sumed into the Bologna Process, which < www.feani.org/EUR_ACE/EUR- still covers all tertiary education and ACE%K202/EUR_ACE2_Main_Page. incorporates all ENAEE activities. htm for EUR ACE. The Bologna Process started the Eu-

ropean 3 + 2 time-cycle model adopted Dr P eter Greenwood is a past national for engineering degrees. This involves a president of Engineers Australia. He was three-year award followed by a two-year chair of the Washington Accord from award, with not all students undertaking 2002 to 2007. This article is a summary of the second one. a section of a paper he will present at the The 3 + 2 model stimulated debate WFEO's 2010 World Congress in Buenos about what knowledge an engineer should Aires this month. possess and how long it should take for such knowledge to be taught (and learned). Accreditation agencies began listing the attributes engineering graduates

6I 4 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 WOMENN I ENGINEERING I

Increasing p articipation in leadership

by M arlene Kanga

he Y ear of Engineering Leadership Division. T here have been two women This p rovided a scholarship of $5000 is an opportunity to showcase the Division presidents since 2007 - in to women engineers for leadership achievements of the engineering lead- Western Australia and Victoria, and development. In all, 72 applications ers in our profession. The National Sydney Division will have a woman as were received. The four regional Committee for Women in Engineering has President in 2011. winners went on to achieve more a key strategy to encourage more women + E/Prof Elizabeth Taylor will become senior management roles and one into leadership roles. Increased participa- chair of the board of Engineers Media winner, Lizzie Brown, became the chief tion at higher levels in the profession will in November 2010. executive of Engineers Without Borders provide role models for younger engineers e Woman engineers have been awarded Australia. Two winners were speakers and encourage more women to remain in prizes and medals for their contribution at the 2010 Engineering Leadership the profession. to engineering around Australia Conference. Women engineers currently represent including the Peter Nicoll Rusell Medal e Scholarship to attend Engineering approximately 9% of the engineering for lifetime achievement to engineering Leadership Conference - in May 2010, workforce in Australia - one of the low- which was awarded to Else Shepherd in a scholarship was provided to attend the est participation rates of women across all November 2007. Engineering Leadership Conference, professions. Ensuring more women join These achievements show that women can organised by Engineers Australia. A the profession and remain is vital from a be successful leaders in the engineering total of 42 applications were received. social equity viewpoint and also provides profession and are able to make a signifi- Attendance at the conference will be a means to increase excellence and address cant contribution to the profession. of significant benefit to the careers of the shortage of engineering skills. The National Committee has an on- these women. Of more than 93,000 members, at June going leadership development program e Leadership at the International 2010, there were 9900 women members with scholarships and training workshops Conference for Women Engineers and and 78 female Fellows. These Felllows are specifically for women engineers. These Scientists (ICWES15) - The National the leaders of the engineering profession, are important for developing leadership Committee is also hosting ICWES15 in representing only 0.8% of total female skills and to encourage future leadership Adelaide, South Australia on 19-22 July membership (compared to around 5.4% among women. These include: 2011. This conference has the theme for men). e Leadership Skills for Professional "Leadership, Innovation, Sustainability". The Year of Women in Engineering Women - a one-day workshop designed It will include a leadership forum which in 2007 was an opportunity to increase specifically for women engineers with will feature chief executives from leading awareness amongst the profession, indus- five or more years of work experience. science and engineering organisations try and wider community of the role and Participants gain a deeper understanding in Australia and internationally. contribution of women to engineering and of the engineering professional culture Women in the engineering profession in to celebrate their achievements. and practical leadership skills for Australia have made significant progress Since 2007, women engineers have effective communication and to initiate in developing their profile over the past achieved important leadership positions change for an inclusive culture. This three years. The results are becoming evi- within Engineers Australia, including: series of courses has been delivered dent very quickly with increasing female +- First ever female President of Engineers since 2008 around Australia to around membership and progression and as more Australia in 2008, Air Vice Marshal 200 women engineers each year. employers recognise that women are good (Retired) Julie Hammer. e Women and Leadership Seminar - engineers and make a significant contri- e Women elected to the Council of developed to support the progression bution to the profession. The National Engineers Australia. In 2007 and 2008 of women into formal leadership roles. Committee for Women in Engineering there were three women on the Council Women learnt about their own personal is proud to be able to support women in for the first time, including Gunilla leadership styles and competencies. their careers and will continue to build Burrowes and Dr Marlene Kanga. This was delivered to 1000 participants on its successes and maintain its profile e_ Women became chairs of their College in 2008. with the message that women make a Board, the highest technical body within e Scholarship for Leadership significant contribution to the engineer- Engineers Australia, in increasing Development - in 2009, Women ing profession. numbers. Four of eight College Boards in Engineering collaborated with

have had women as chairs since Chief Executive Women to provide Dr M arlene Kanga is the national vice 2007 and the current chair of the a leadership scholarship to aspiring president of engineering practice and Centre for Engineering Leadership and women engineers. This program was continuing professional development, Management, is also a woman engineer, developed jointly with Chief Executive and immediate past chair, National Bronwyn Evans. Women, a women's executive group Committee for Women in Engineering, e Women have become Division which supports leadership development Engineers Australia. President, the highest position in each for professional women in Australia.

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 47 I

'| S USTAINABILITY

A g reen collar future

've o ften sat back and wondered why gram: " Work in agricultural, manufactur- people work. Apart from the obvious, ing, research and development (R&D), which is to get paid, what's the motiva- administrative, and service activities that tion and what's created the demand? contribute(s) substantially to preserving Wikipedia defines a job as "a regular or restoring environmental quality. Spe- thing performed to create a value in cifically, but not exclusively, this includes society for meeting the needs of that jobs that help to protect ecosystems and individual". biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, So, essentially, if you are creating value and water consumption through high for others, you are rewarded. Jobs are efficiency strategies; de-carbonise the created and we reward each other. The economy; and minimise or altogether commodity by which we measure the avoid generation of all forms of waste value of the reward is money. Are there and pollution." any jobs that don't create value for others The growth and projected growth in Terence J eyaretnam Terence Jeyaretnam is a director of Net in the community? Well there are parking this sector of work has been phenomenal. Balance ([email protected]), inspectors, dentists and those shop assist- Unlikely bedfellows, the Australian Con- based in Melbourne. ants who never seem to be there when you servation Foundation and the Australian need them - well, seriously, no. All jobs Council of Trade Unions jointly released create value for society in different ways. a study recently that highlighted that A s tudy recently After all, my wife is a dentist. stronger environmental action by gov- If that's the case, why would there be ernment would result in 770,000 more highlighted that stronger a need for restorative jobs? Why are so jobs in the Australian economy by 2030 many jobs creating harm? Harm to soci- compared to weaker action. environmental action ety and harm to environment. Because, Stronger action is defined as not rely- by government would we demand comfort, convenience, cold ing on international offsets to meet our beers and warm homes, the provision greenhouse targets under an emissions result in 770,000 more of which create impacts on society and trading regime. A separate CSIRO report jobs in the Australian on the surrounding environment. There suggests that between 2.65 million and 3.3 are over six billion of us today, when less million additional jobs would be created economy by 2030. than one hundred years ago there were by 2025 under deep emissions reductions one billion of us. More people means of 60-100% by 2050. The secret is to place more demand, more jobs, more impacts the right "value" on the reward, a cleaner and consequently more restorative jobs. and healthier planet. The result is that a new term has Restoration, just like it results in emerged in the job market - green col- stronger teeth post the visit to the lar work, alongside blue and white collar dentist, can result in a stronger economy, work. A green-collar job is, according to a cleaner environment and a more the United Nations Environment Pro- resilient Australia.

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I8 4 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

LEADERSHIP! I

Key p erformance igniters

recently h eard a senior engineer admit holders. S uch KPIs would build resilience that he prepared his Key Performance to manage change at an individual, team Indicators (KPIs) at the beginning of and organisational level. the year, put them in the bottom of his Key Performance Igniters would encour- desk drawer and left them there until next age people to aim higher than the average, year! His story was not an uncommon one. to take the risk of breakthrough think- KPIs are actually a form of measurement ing and behaviour and would encourage following on from the belief: "What gets constant review by self, group, boss and measured gets done." direct reports. When asked about his cynicism, the en- I have seen such a system of Key gineer went on to say that his KPIs weren't Performance Igniters in action. It was a just about him but actually about the re- delight to behold. There was buzz about ally important things he had to do which the organisation. People were passionate included lots of other people. He needed about their jobs, their clients and each other. . both personal KPIs and group KPIs - with Targets kept being raised because that was Margot Cairnes a variety of different groups. In other words, more fun. People helped each other out Sydney-based leadership strategist it wasn't just what he did that mattered but around projects. If one person's load was [email protected] how he related to a whole range of other too heavy, people voluntarily helped them people in a variety of different projects out. The important thing was getting the and situations. outcomes reached (or over shot), building There w as buzz about So I got to thinking that perhaps what the relationships and having fun. Now that's we need is Key Performance Igniters - ways the k ind of KPIs I'm interested in. the organisation. People of having people interact and behave that To build such KPIs we have to accept that f lead to outstanding achievement. These organisations are complex adaptive systems were pass ionate about Key Performance Igniters would be both full of interlocking networks. their jobsJ their clients outcome and relationship driven - so they Key Performances Igniters then need might take the form of processes that en- to focus on the process of understanding and each other. The courage people in teams and projects to take and making complex adaptive systems and © © personal responsibility while committing to interlocking networks work effectively and imp ortant thing was the overall achievement of the team/project. efficiently in times of rapid discontinuous gettl ng the outcomes These KPI processes would encourage change. agog. people to build relationships, self awareness This means focusing on building rela- 7661611661, building and passion about their roles, jobs and tionships and systems that get things done the relations hlp § outcomes. Key Performance Igniters would and inspires people. In my experience once . also encourage regular "robust discussion" this has been achieved the measurement is and [1611/le fun. among team members, with superiors and easy - b ut stand back and expect to be sur- subordinates, and with a whole raft of stake- prised by breakthrough levels of success.

@P@@MDN@ ENGINEERS Z AUSTRALIA FEATURE

WWHgE W GDHDBE ﬁlﬁiaDllDqu NoV 2010 lssucEIVIL EDgzégOTO ISSUE AND SERVICES IN ENGINEERS * Roads/Road Maintenance . «©+ SafetyMaintenance f AUSTRALIA MAGAZINE fo National E xcellence CONTACT YOUR email STATE | REPRESENTATIVE phone On sale 11 November On Awards sale 16 December Sydney:Melbourne: MariaCameron Mamone Aubrey [email protected]@engineersmedia.com.au 0302 97019438 88441533 Adelaide:Brisbane: RussellMaree FraserBaker [email protected]@bigpond.com 0807 82675594 5455 1198 Perth: Kym Burke [email protected] 08 9382 4850

| R EGULATION & REGISTRATION

Regulation a nd registration

by M arlene Kanga

n t he Year of Engineering Leadership, provides t he engineering professional who and m anagement. Five specific areas are it is important to understand the sup- has the competencies equivalent to Stage 2, currently available to practitioners who port provided to members of Engineers and with at least three years of work experi- are registered in an appropriate general Australia for engineering professionals to ence within their occupational category, to area of practice: fire safety engineering, develop their careers and achieve positions achieve Chartered status. The benchmark heritage and conservation engineering, of leadership. matches international expectations well in-service inspection of amusement rides The attainment of formal academic and has facilitated many mutual recogni- and devices, pressure equipment design qualifications in engineering is the begin- tion agreements with other countries. verification and subdivisional geotechnics. ning of a career that can span a few decades. The Chartered status application proc- Various legislation now refers to the With rapid changes in technology in every ess is a competency-based assessment with NPER when requiring confirmation that an field, especially in engineering, continuing two steps: engineer is competent in a particular field, professional development is important for + an Engineering Practice Report that for example the Building Act (Victoria) and engineering professionals to maintain the demonstrates that the applicant's work the Development Act (South Australia). A currency of their knowledge after complet- experience has met the requirements of more complete list is provided in the text ing their initial formal education. the Australian Engineering Competency box opposite. In Australia, there is no national system Standards Stage 2 International m utual recognition of regulation for the engineering profes- +_ a professional interview conducted by agreements sion. Various states are developing their senior practitioners from the area of Engineers Australia has established Mutual own systems. practice. Recognition Agreements with prominent There are very good reasons for a Chartered members of Engineers Australia overseas professional engineering asso- national system of regulation for the will normally qualify, without further as- ciations such as the Institutions of Civil, engineering profession. Such a system sessment, for the National Professional Mechanical and Electrical Engineers in provides a common point of reference Engineers Register (NPER), the Na- the UK and Engineers Canada, which for the government, employers and the tional Engineering Technologist Register recognise that an engineer listed on the community. (NTER), or the National Engineering NPER is competent in the nominated area A national system permits the enforce- Associates Register (NEAR). of practice. Engineers from Australia are ment of a common set of standards and The National Engineering Registration able to become members of these institu- skills and continued professional devel- Board was established jointly by Engineers tions without having to undertake further opment requirements ensure that the Australia, the Association of Professional examination or interview. professional is up to date with the latest Engineers, Scientists and Managers, Aus- Engineers Australia is part of two mul- in technology and practices. This in turn tralia (APESMA) and the Association of tilateral international agreements that set ensures public safety, health and welfare Consulting Engineers Australia (ACEA). up a framework for entering into bilateral and consumer protection. The registers provide a national regis- agreements, the APEC Engineer Register tration system that distinguishes areas of and the EMF (Engineers Mobility Forum) nStages i a professional career engineering service and lists registered International Recognition Agreement for In Australia, the stages in the development practitioners. It provides a ready and reli- Professional Engineers - IntPE(Aus). of the career of an engineering professional able means to confirm the competence of The APEC Engineer Register is an have been expressed in the Australian En- the engineering professional. initiative of the federal government and gineering Competency Standards through Registration enables government, in- Engineers Australia to facilitate cross three distinct stages: dustry and individual consumers to iden- border mobility for professional engineers Stage 1: At this stage engineering pro- tify the appropriate professional person or in the Asia-Pacific region. An APEC En- fessionals work under guidance and team to perform the required engineering gineer Register has been established in supervision. services. There are three occupational Australia, Canada, Chinese Taipei, Hong Stage 2: At this level, the engineering categories in the engineering work force Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, professional has gained the necessary - engineers, technologists and associates. New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, professional engineering competencies Registered engineering professionals must Thailand and the US. and experience to practice in a competent, record 150 hours of continuing profes- The Engineers Mobility Forum (EMF) independent and ethical manner. Typically sional development over three years and has an International Recognition Agree- this takes about three to five years of work comply with other requirements including ment for Professional Engineers. The Inter- experience. the Engineers Australia Code of Practice. national Register of Professional Engineers Stage 3: At this level the engineering Twelve general areas of practice are is operated in Australia, Canada, Chinese professional has significant experience and available for registration on the national Taipei, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Japan, demonstrates leadership in engineering or registers including aerospace, biomedical, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, management roles. building services, chemical, civil, electrical, Sri Lanka, South Africa, the UK and the The v alue of Chartered status environmental, information telecommuni- US. Engineers registered on the Interna- In Australia, Chartered status is exclusive cations and electronics, mechanical and tional Register may use the post nominal to Engineers Australia. Engineers Australia structural engineering, naval architecture IntPE(Aus).

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 REGULATION & R EGISTRATION l

A p erson who is registered on the NPER fsystem o registration for Australia. recognises t he achievements of members has already met to a significant extent the Engineers A ustralia Professional who satisfy relevant leadership and man- requirements for enrolment on the APEC Standards Scheme agement competency standards. The status Engineer Register or on the IntPE(Aus) of Engineering Executive is available to all The E ngineers Australia Professional Register. engineering professionals who can satisfy Standards Scheme is a limitation of liability the competency requirements, and who are A r egulatory framework for Australia scheme approved under the professional A regulatory environment can come in members of Engineers Australia. standards legislation in each state and many different forms, for example, un- territory. The scheme is designed to im- Engineers Australia is also currently regulated, self-regulated or government prove the occupational standards of the developing a Stage 3 competency standard regulated. However, the implementation profession and protect consumers. It puts for engineering professionals who have of a regulatory regime usually includes a limit on the amount of damages a court reached a leadership position in their some form of registration, licensing and/ can award against members covered by the technical area of expertise. This standard or certification system. scheme in legal actions for economic loss will provide guidance for competencies There is no single regulatory regime for or property damage arising from anything that are recommended for further profes- engineers in Australia. Under the Austral- they did or did not do in carrying out their sional development. This will provide an ian Constitution, regulation of professional duties. Engineering professionals who wish alternative pathway to further professional services is a matter for state and territory to be covered under this scheme must achievement and recognition. governments, and therefore each jurisdic- have achieved Chartered status and/or tion regulates the engineering profession be registered on the NPER/NETR/NEAR. Michael B evan, registrar, National in a variety of ways. Engineering Registration Board, Martin Engineers Australia is working with Engineering l eadership Dwyer, director, Engineering Practice, Engineers Australia has developed a the federal government and various state Engineers Australia, and Leanne governments that are developing their registration framework for engineering Hardwicke, director, Policy Directorate, own regulation frameworks to ensure that professionals who have achieved Stage 3 Engineers Australia provided valuable they recognise the important role of the in their professional careers. These pro- information and comment in the national registers that have already been fessionals can now achieve Engineering preparation of this article. established and which provide a unified Executive (EngExec), a post-nominal that

Registration s ystems in Australia

The f ollowing summarises state and terri- titioners t o be registered with a Statutory engineers i s eligibility to be registered on tory registration systems for the engineer- Authority (Building Practitioners Board). the NPER. ing profession in Australia. The Board uses the NPER, as managed by Northern T erritory Queensland Engineers Australia, as a benchmark for the Building Act 1993 - allows for certification P rofessional Engineers Act 2002 - The Act criteria for qualifications and experience by building practitioners, as registered by is restricted to registration of professional required of professional engineers who the Building Practitioners Board. There engineers, and does not include engineer- work in the building sector in Victoria. are three categories of engineer: certifying ing technologists or associates. The main South A ustralia engineer structural, certifying engineer objects of the Act are to: protect the Development Act 1993 - requires certain hydraulic, certifying engineer mechanical. public by ensuring professional engineer- types of building practitioners to be regis- The Board uses a qualification required for ing services are provided by a registered tered with a State Board. The Board uses membership of the Institution of Engineers professional engineer in a professional and NPER as the benchmark for the criteria Australia as a professional engineer eligible competent manner; to maintain public for qualifications and experience required to use the post nominals MIEAust; or a confidence in the standards of service of professional engineers. Certificate of Registration in the relevant and to uphold the standards of service of Australian C apital Territory category (structural engineer, building registered professional engineers. Construction Practitioners Act 1998 - re- services engineer or mechanical engineer) The Act provides that a person who is on the NPER for certification. nota registered professional engineer must quires building certifiers to be registered not use that title or hold themselves out to with the Building, Electrical and Plumbing All s tates and territories be registered. The Act also provides that Control (BEPCON) section ofthe Depart- Each state and territory has introduced only registered professional engineers may ment of Urban Services. The regulations a Professional Standards Act, which pro- carry out professional engineering services. authorise registration on NPER, as suf- vides that persons who accept conditions The exception to this is where the person ficient for practitioners to act as Building on their practice standards may become is carrying out the service under the direct Certifiers and as Plumbing Plan Certifiers. part of a scheme to limit the quantum of supervision of a registered professional en- Tasmania their liability. gineer. The registered professional engineer B uilding Act 2000 - the government Such conditions include membership must only carry out engineering services has announced that a state government of an approved professional organisa- within their registered area of engineering. department will undertake registration tion, compliance with a risk manage- Victoria of building practitioners under the Build- ment program and carrying a set level B uilding Act 1993 - requires building prac- ing Act. The criterion for registration of of professional indemnity insurance. M

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 51 I

| P OLICY

What d oes the outcome of the

federal e lection mean for

Engineers A ustralia?

By A ndre Kaspura

he e lection outcome is that the Aus- delivering i nfrastructure in many sectors Most g overnments have spoken about tralian Labor Party (ALP) will retain and strong near term population growth PPPs but only Victoria has a consistent government, but will depend on the mean that economic infrastructure is still record of successful implementation. support of three independents and a major problem. More generally, projections of future busi- the Greens member in the House of Rep- Infrastructure Australia was estab- ness have been excessively optimistic and resentatives. In the Senate, the situation lished in 2008 to provide national lead- failed to materialise, revenue was based does not change until July 2011. Neither ership on economic infrastructure plan- on non-economic pricing for infrastruc- ALP nor the Coalition has a majority and ning, directions and funding. Engineers ture services and risk sharing between Senate outcomes depend on the voting Australia had argued for such a body for the public and private sector partners patterns of the Greens and independent many years and strongly supported this has become a major bone of contention. senators. From July 2011, the situation in decision. The influence of Infrastructure These issues can and should be addressed the Senate changes and the Greens will Australia has gradually developed and it is and the work by Infrastructure Australia have the balance of power. At the time now well positioned to add to momentum in this area should be carefully examined of writing, Parliament had not yet recon- for additional infrastructure development by all parliamentarians. vened after the election and the stability in both the public and private sectors. During the election campaign, both of the new arrangements remains unclear. Infrastructure Australia has a central major parties made announcements Although the major parties committed link for infrastructure plans issued by about infrastructure bonds. Despite to extensive agendas during the election all governments (www.infrastructureaus- the fact that returns to superannuation campaign, neither is in a position to de- tralia.gov.au and follow the links) and policy holders have been scrutinised by liver on these commitments without the now publishes a PPP projects pipeline. the past government and the balances support of other members and senators. Its "Better Infrastructure Decision Mak- in Australia's superannuation funds have Policy and program outcomes therefore ing Guidelines and Templates", National grown exponentially, there is still no sen- are likely to depend on a degree of nego- Ports Strategy and work on the National sible mechanism to bridge the long term tiations not seen for many decades. This Freight Network are strongly supported funding requirements of infrastructure article canvases the possible outcomes by Engineers Australia. Other important projects and the short term cash require- for several areas of interest to Engineers contributions made by Infrastructure ments necessary for daily/weekly man- Australia- economic infrastructure, water Australia include the work on overcom- agement of superannuation businesses. and energy. ing barriers to PPPs and the report on Infrastructure bonds would be a vital This year Engineers Australia's In- the state of Australian cities. step in this direction. Proper pricing of frastructure Report Cards are review- Significant Nation Building Funds are infrastructure would offer bond holders ing progress since 2005 on the nations' locked into the current budget and into reasonable, but conservative returns that economic infrastructure. At the time of the forward estimates to 2013-14. The appeal to many superannuation policy writing, the Report Cards for five jurisdic- re-election of the government means that holders. At present, direct investment in tions have been released and two others these allocations are not likely to change infrastructure projects is about the only are at an advanced stage of preparation. significantly. But as large as these alloca- option for super funds. While possible, Although many notable projects and tions appear to be, progress on the ground this is not an attractive option and En- improvements have been implemented has been slow and the allocations do not gineers Australia looks forward to an era since 2005, there is no doubt that serious significantly address identified problems of greater cooperation leading to some concerns remain. Long term infrastruc- in public transport, electricity generation genuine progress in this area. ture planning remains problematic and and water, to mention just a few problem The management of Australia's water critical changes are necessary to boost areas. Although minority government resources has been one of slow progress, service provision for the present and to means increased scrutiny of the need for largely predicated on obligations under the cater for projected population growth. justification of infrastructure programs, National Water Initiative (NWT) and local Whatever outcomes there are in the fore- the pre-occupation with budget deficits crises. The involvement of the National shadowed Australian Population Strategy and debt among the major parties suggests Water Commission has been a positive for the size of the population in 2050, the that other financial options must become step and has raised the bar substantially population growth parameters for the priority issues. so far as information and analyses of water next decade or so are already in place and For many years Engineers Australia resources are concerned. This material changing this will be extraordinarily dif- has supported PPPs and infrastructure has steadily accumulated, as have the ficult. In other words, limited progress in bonds to fund infrastructure projects. Commission's polite but critical remarks

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 POLICY I

of p arties to the NWI. This year, rainfall The B asin Plan is expected to set a of g lobal climate action. Reaction showed has been close to normal for the first time legally enforceable sustainable diversion strong business support, particularly in the in a decade and rather than let the pres- limit on both ground and surface water context of dealing with the uncertainty sure for reform ease, Engineers Australia that will largely come into effect in 2014 impeding energy investment. believes that the time is right for renewed as state water resource management plans The Greens have indicated that a car- momentum. Two areas in particular must expire. Unlike the cap, the sustainable bon price is high on their agenda. While be addressed during the current Parlia- extraction limits will vary with water Australia may not yet be ready for the ex- ment, urban water supplies and usage, availability and expressly provide water cessive complexity in the CPRS, a carbon and water in the Murray-Darling Basin. to protect environmental water assets. price is needed even at a low level until Just prior to the election, Infrastructure Sustainable water extraction limits are other countries agree. But as Engineers Australia released a Review of Urban likely to be controversial because they will Australia has consistently argued, so to is Water Security Strategies that grouped rec- be based on scientific data rather than aggressive and consistent action to raise ommendations for a future work agenda historical use patterns. This controversy Australia's energy efficiency. In the months according to whether the principles had may lead to a confrontation between prior to the election, the Prime Ministerial been agreed by jurisdictions or not. This the federal government and Basin states Task Group on energy efficiency examined approach highlighted the fragmented and and may threaten the Basin agreement ways to accelerate what Australia was uneven progress that has been achieved if it becomes too heated. While 2010 doing under the National Framework for despite agreement on principles. Often has been a good year for water supplies, Energy Efficiency. Nothing eventuated. jurisdictions rely on arguments about repeated droughts are highly probable and The framework is comprehensive and local differences but fail to address solu- Engineers Australia believes governments is a suitable basis for large scale action. tions that cater for these differences while must face up to the need for a sustainable This is one area where a long succession retaining consistency with overarching long term solution in the interests of all of analyses have shown that energy ef- principles. It is time to highlight the cost concerned, including environmentalists, ficiency gains are not just good for the of inaction. Water restrictions, excessive irrigation farmers and the citizens of river environment but are good for the bottom water use in some areas, failure to harness towns and cities. line. If governments are concerned about water recycling and stormwater harvesting The previous government was sched- the impacts of a carbon price while other are a few areas where inaction confers uled to release a White Paper dealing with countries fall in line, complementary ac- unwarranted costs on consumers or on clean, adequate, reliable and affordable tion on energy efficiency is a solution to water utilities. energy supplies to meet growing Austral- ameliorating those impacts and freeing An opportunity for renewing mo- ian needs. Engineers Australia submitted up unnecessary expenditure on energy mentum on urban water reform is the its views into the deliberative process dur- for other productive uses. Productivity Commission inquiry into ing 2009, but was disappointed that the Just prior to the election, legislation Australia's urban water systems. This White Paper disappeared without trace. for the enhanced renewable energy target inquiry is to investigate the opportuni- Reasons given for the delay was the need was passed. The election campaign dis- ties for efficiency gains in the structure, to synchronise preparation with responses cussion did not cover the importance of institutions and regulatory arrangements to the Henry Review and global climate this change for Australia's energy future. relating to urban water and wastewater change agreement. Remarks by numerous commentators at systems, the options available to achieve Australias energy consumption pat- the National Energy Conference 2010 these gains and a proposed work pro- tern is not sustainable. Since about 2002, put this fear into context, noting that gram of practical options, priority areas Australia has been a net importer of energy prices will inevitably rise but the where the greatest efficiency gains can oil and petroleum fuels. These imports most important reasons will be soaring be achieved and measurable indicators of have grown rapidly and the import bill fuel prices and the need for much greater progress. Engineers Australia welcomes is now about equal to the revenue Aus- investment in distribution. Renewable the inquiry and urges the new federal tralia receives for coal exports. ABARE energy and carbon price costs were seen government to act on the findings. projections confirm that this situation as minor reasons, but the absence of a On 8 October the Murray-Darling will continue into the future with bigger clear direction on carbon reduction was Basin Authority is expected to release numbers. Rather than face up to this a major problem. the guide to the proposed Basin plan. growing dependence on imported oil and There are many topics that require The guide is the first of a three stage petroleum, successive governments have substantive government attention. These process that will result in the final Basin avoided the problem and the White Paper are a few that have featured in Engineers Plan. The guide is expected to include is the latest example. Australia's advocacy work. There are posi- three volumes; volume 1 will give an The White Paper was also expected to tive signs in the areas discussed and if overview of the key elements and policy deal with the impact of climate change followed through, they signal fundamental issues addressed by the Plan; volume 2 mitigation policies on a range of energy changes for society and will shape the work will detail with the technical detail for the supplies, consumption and prices. The that engineers will be expected to do. development of the Plan and volume 3 will attitudes of the major parties to climate provide regional scale information for the change mitigation are well known. Yet Economist A ndre Kaspura is a policy 19 Basin regions to assist communication during September, the CEO of BHP Bil- analyst with Engineers Australia of the policy issues covered in volume liton highlighted the flaw in this stance in Canberra. 1. At present there is a cap that limits by saying that Australia's competitive consumptive extraction of surface water business interest are best served by the based on historical water use. introduction of a price on carbon ahead

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

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FEATURE - S OF

SOFTWARE COMPILED B Y DANNY CAMERON

Rail o ptions analysis using GIS

by C hris O'Dell, lan Reid, Ashley Trinder

n i nnovative approach using a geo- successf o a new standard gauge inland sults w ere then used by cost estimators graphic information system (GIS) railway between Melbourne and Brisbane. to determine the preliminary capital cost was used in the recent Inland Rail The study was headed by Parsons which was subsequently used along with Alignment Study. GIS was used to Brinckerhoff (PB) and Pricewaterhouse- engineering design considerations to de- help analyse multiple route options to Coopers (PwC). PwC undertook the termine the preferred corridor. determine a preferred corridor between economic review. PB engaged Aurecon, To perform these analyses, a GIS da- Melbourne and Brisbane. Halcrow and Currie & Brown to assist in tabase was established containing spatial In March 2008, the federal government engineering, alignment development and information including design, infrastruc- asked the Australian Rail Track Corpora- capital costing. ture, environmental, topographic and tion (ARTC) to conduct a study to develop The study involved assessing 140 po- economic data. Major civil engineering a detailed route alignment following the tential route sections comprising 6400km elements (quantities) along the inland far western corridor. The study aim was of new and existing track. Economic, en- rail, such as the requirements for new to determine the preferred route as well as gineering, and environmental data stored and upgraded rail track, road crossings, economic benefits and likely commercial within a GIS database were used to assist water crossings, tunnels and viaducts had in the analysis to be analysed to consider the cost of

of p otential rail each option, along with land use, ground corridors. condition and terrain. To determine Modelling and analysis tools were de- the preferred cor- veloped to enable systematic processing of ridor, spatial data quantities on revised route options. These and GIS technol- tools were automated to allow repeated ogy were used and systematic processing of vast amounts throughout t he of spatial data. As engineering designs ~ study to assess changed during the study quantities for y options and elim- 6000km of track could be evaluated for o i inate non-viable seven quantity types within one hour. In Ad options. comparison, manual methods to evaluate _n Constraints quantities without the use of GIS were

_ were identified estimated to be more than 100 days. The t and quantities use of GIS provided a means to efficiently

25” w ere evaluated evaluate quantities for design options in a a“; for each section far shorter timeframe than manual iden- ® if of potential track. tification methods from hard copy maps. Following t his After analysing a number of different process, each sec- alignments, representing over 50,000 tion was allocat- alternatives between Melbourne and ed to a route and Brisbane, the report said that the route total quantities of identified could achieve an average constraints were Melbourne-Brisbane transit time of 20.5h a s ummarised. over a distance of 1731km; approximately a 100 S un The results of 65% using existing corridors. This align- wn . © i nland rad nota the R quantity anal- ment is estimated to provide a route 7h f P esaitle new tack ysis were extract- faster and around 170km shorter than - Existing track (in snudy} ed, f ormatted and the existing coastal railway. Other ex sting irack distributed to the The capital cost of such a proposal has A m ap of the route analysis for an inland rail corridor. study t eam. Re- been estimated at $4.7 billion, and it is

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SOFTWARE - F EATURE I

gramming u sed to help analyse a number

Ibourne to Brisbane. The feature also looks

yed on civil projects: from stormwater

ex buildings, 3D earthwork modelling for a

in b uilding material selection.

estimated t o require three years of pre- construction activities (including prelimi- - Design team ---, nary design, approvals, tender and award period, land acquisition, etc) followed by —D—ﬂgf a five-year construction period. ArcGIS viewer nt!

Preferred r outes sThis i an edit of the paper An innovative approach to rail options analysis using GIS -Last p lanners by O'Dell, Reid and Ashley presented at the Conference On Railway Engineering in Wellington, New Zealand in mid- "ff, September. The authors work for Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia. The work flow diagram for the route analysis using GIS. Designing s teel and concrete tQueensland, the Hay Point Aspec Coal EngineeringTerminal in haveat Aspec replaced Engineering the traditional explained: hand"We ing and calculationsstructural forms,for a variety which of materialssuits the hascalculation used CSCs software civil and TEDDS structural to TEDDS,calculations as theand software spreadsheets provides with a type The of softwarework we cando," beBrook used said.to create anddesign concrete and document elements afor range the recentlyof steel thoroughand the level and ofquick detailed design engineering solution anddocumentation submissions, foras wellchecking, as archive sharing cal- Berthcompleted 2 Fenders. upgrade of Shiploader 2 and documentation TEDDS users that can our accessclients arequire." library culationscontracts. whichTEDDS can also be includesused on toolsfuture to 38km Hay south Point of CoalMackay, Terminal, is one oflocated Aus- singleof Australian project calculationsdocument inand Microsoft create a lations,help users something easily write Aspec their Engineering own calcu- facilities.tralia's largest coal receival and export Word «TEDDS including contains notes aand large sketches. range of said "Every it puts engineerto full use. in our company Jeff Brook, senior structural engineer Australian civil and structural engineer- haschanges TEDDS, to the so projectwhen those occur, inevitable we can calculationquickly re-run and anprovide existing our TEDDS client withshowing a full all set the of updateddetailed calculations,engineering and"Our latest design code teams references," can integrate said Brook. their electroniccalculations document and designs and email into them one to CSCeach other."said its inhouse TEDDS de- velopmentTEDDS to team the hasAS3600-2009 recently updated code. TEDDSaccess the users library across of Australiaconcrete cancalcula- now tionsBeam to Analysis the new and code,Design, including and Tilt-Up RC inEngineers Queensland. study the design documentation for a coal terminal upgrade inPanel a range Design. of internationalTEDDS is also codes. available CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA |OCTOBER 2010

FEATURE - S OFTWARE

Expanding t he stormwater harvest

oue t the success of Orange City Council's Blackmans Swamp Creek Stormwater Harvesting Scheme since operations commenced, the council has commenced works on expanding the project to include Ploughmans Creek and is proposing an extension to the Blackmans Swamp Creek scheme. The harvesting scheme is the first large scale, indirect-to-potable stormwater harvesting project in NSW. Originally developed with the aid of eWater CRC's modelling tool "Music" (model for urban stormwater improvement conceptualisa- tion), the Blackmans Swamp Creek har- the c apacity for the harvesting system to expand. vesting scheme evolved from concept to operational reality within 18 months at a Swamp C reek Harvesting Scheme to Balance M odel to get a full water cycle for cost of $5 million. generate daily water flow series and Orange. He then sized and optimised the "The concept of the harvesting scheme runoff from catchments to evaluate how stormwater harvesting scheme for Orange involves capturing a portion of the high much water the catchments generated to City Council. flows in Blackmans Swamp Creek during Blackmans Swamp Creek. Now the harvesting scheme has ex- storm events, and transferring these into "Music enabled me to generate a syn- panded to include Ploughmans Creek, the nearby Suma Park Dam to augment thetic stormwater stream flow data set. and construction started in May 2010. the city's bulk water supply," said Martin I entered 118 years of daily rainfall data Haege once again applied Music in a more Haege, lead designer and environmental into music which generated the creek flow comprehensive way in the design of this engineer at Geolyse. data," he explained. part of the scheme, simulating a synthetic Haege used Music for the catchment After the simulation in Music, Haege stormwater stream flow data set under hydrology component of the Blackmans exported the data into an Excel Water natural conditions.

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He s aid: "With Music, I estimated what plained: " With Music I could estimate the the c ouncil takes its water. the water stream flow of Ploughmans pollutant loadings from the four wetlands, To reach the stormwater harvesting Creek catchment would be like before and assess the improvements in the water scheme objectives of delivering 35% of Or- development: the natural flow series. quality in Ploughmans Creek. It was im- ange's annual water supply, the council now Regulators set a limit of how much water portant to demonstrate that the Review plans to extend the stormwater harvesting can be harvested and Music helped me of Environmental Factors and operating scheme to include a constructed wetland estimate the stream flow series under rules could be met." adjacent to Blackmans Swamp Creek. The natural and developed conditions. Music The stormwater harvesting from Black- wetland will make up the last 7%. is an excellent tool when sizing harvesting mans Swamp Creek and Ploughmans Haege said: "Music is a very good tool schemes, and working out natural water Creek makes up about 1600ML of water for the simulation of wetlands. It has excel- stream flow including base flow elements." or 28% of Orange's annual water usage. lent data calibration and a great rainfall The Ploughmans Creek Harvesting The water from the creeks is pumped library and it has saved me significant time Scheme also incorporated four constructed to a holding pond before then being when developing the stormwater harvest- wetlands for harvesting water. Haege ex- pumped to Suma Park Dam, where ing scheme for Orange City Council."

Modelling c omplex designs

he m odelling behind the impressive steelwork p ortions of the project as fabri- a p roject of such scale, we enlisted help Marina Bay Sands Integrated Resort cation level models which could be taken from other Arup offices; hence Boston, complex recently opened in Singapore directly into the construction process. Hong Kong, Melbourne and Singapore is a finalist in this year's Be Inspired "Through the use of Microstation were working concurrently on different Bentley international awards to be an- and Bentley Structural, Arup delivered a parts of the model," Pynn said. nounced later this month. streamlined, innovative, 'right-first-time The modellers used Microstation's ref- The modelling will compete in the structural design and documentation erencing capabilities along with Bentley "Innovation in Structural Engineering" model on a project scale and timeline never Structural to effectively split the model into category against MSN Prestressed Con- previously seen before," said Christopher manageable portions which could then be crete's Dubai project Lootah Office Tow- Pynn, leader of building modelling at Arup. standardised with the use of the Triforma ers in MotorCity and Y&V Ingenieria y The sheer size and complexity of the Datasets. The model was brought back Construccién's Sulphuric Acid Plant in geometry, the intended construction together as a central repository for review Moron, Venezuela. timeline and the need to upskill a team of and checking as well as clash detection. The Marina Bay Sands design project technicians capable of delivering the model "The manageable file sizes meant work- was completed by Arup Singapore which were all cited by Pynn as challenges faced ing across a global network was not an said the goal was to deliver all the struc- during the project. issue in any way," Pynn said. tural design and documentation from a "The transition from 2D CAD to full Parametric modelling was also used fully coordinated 3D model using Bentley 3D documentation on a project of this during the design development phase

Structural, as well as deliver all the major scale was a major challenge. To deliver of this project. Generative Components

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TheD 3 structural model of the Marina Bay Sands project in Singapore.

0I 6 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SOFTWARE - F EATURE

allowed t he modellers to parametrically model the steel structures with prede- fined variables which the architect may Second a ttempt have chosen to modify in the future. This parametric model could then be integrated succeeds into the design process to permit rapid itesh M ahajan of Parsons won t he award and received trips to modification of the geometry. Brinckerhoff has won the 2010 attend the World Tunnel Congress in With the parametric relationships es- David Sugden Award with his many exotic locations around the world. tablished from the start, the new geometry paper "3D structural modelling This is the second time Mahajan has could be incorporated into the existing of segmental tunnel lining using finite entered the contest. He came a close structural analysis model and any result- element software". second last year to David Oliveira. For ing changes in member section sizes along The David Sugden Award has been winning this year he will attend the 2011 with the new geometry could be directly run by the Australasian Tunnelling ITA Congress in Helsinki, Finland. translated into 2D and 3D documentation. Society (ATS) since 2004 and was named Next years contest is now open and "This innovative workflow saved a in honour of David Sugden who was a closes in August 2011. The prize will be pioneer in the design of full face rock a trip to Bangkok, Thailand to attend the significant amount of time in re-drawing TBMs. conference in 2012. Details are available the model each time a modification, either To date, six young engineers have at www.ats.org.au small or large, was made," Pynn said. It was estimated that a reduction in the construction schedule of approximately two to three months was also achieved Assessing e missions due to the major steelwork being handed over as fabrication models. program t o assess the greenhouse 11 a nd 12 for the Port of Brisbane. The The US$5 billion Marina Bay Sands gas emissions of proposed designs development of the wharves will support Integrated Resort is aimed at becoming for an expansion project for the the ongoing expansion of trade at the Port an icon for Singapore. The development Port of Brisbane has been vital to of Brisbane. comprises conventions and exhibitions fa- keep in line with a focus on sustainability. With its sustainability targets, Port of cilities, a massive events plaza, two theatres Engineering and construction firm Brisbane was interested in improving the and a multi-level retail arcade lining the Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR) recently performance of the design where pos- waterfront promenade. undertook the detailed design of wharves sible. As part of the design process KBR

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FEATURE - S OFTWARE

performed a g reenhouse gas emissions assessment of the proposed wharf design. During the early design phase of ARBON A SSESSMENT TOOL V1.2 lal 4.)

the project, a carbon assessment was Blik Materials - E mbodied Energy % performed using KBR's inhouse carbon assessment tool - KBR CAT. Based on Microsoft Excel, KBR CAT calculates carbon emissions and embodied energy aon h m associated with the construction and a x ongoing operation of infrastructure/facili- l ax ties. Inputs include construction material

quantities, facility types and operational zeress data. Data is entered by the user, and the

tool calculates emissions and energy use, Materials - E mbodied Carbon % generating tables and a chart. Outputs inform decision-making related to carbon emission management. The tool was used to determine the footprint of the proposed design and to investigate whether changes to the design would result in a reduction in greenhouse

gas emissions. The Wharf 11 and 12 84. 4 900 ce ECper| 373m of uhart materials' emissions profile was 35,800t nBased o Excel, KBR CAT calculates carbon emissions a nd embodied energy. CO, equivalent. Metals made the largest contribution to the total embodied energy (12%). M etals and concrete were identified posed c athodic protection design. (85%) and total embodied carbon (90%). as the major target areas for reductions The results of the analysis showed the The largest volume of material used was in emissions. Abatement options were current design was the most efficient that concrete, however it contributed a much considered such as material substitution, could be achieved while still meeting lower proportion to the total embodied increasing fly ash content in the concrete, the technical specifications of the Port energy (7%) and total embodied carbon and considering alternatives to the proof Brisbane.

Managing s ubcontracts

tool f or managing subcontractors ment s olution that creates a web-based it w as extremely important that the sys- has been developed to help manage common collaboration platform for all tem we selected be an industry standard complex engineering, procurement companies involved in EPCM project that met all of the requirements for and construction management delivery. subcontract management and also that (EPCM) contracts. CH2M Hill has started using Smart- it be maintained and supported in the The SmartPlant Materials Subcontrac- Plant Materials as an integrated system future;," said Bob DeLong, director of tor Management module was developed for materials and subcontracts manage- materials management for CH2M Hill. jointly by Intergraph and CH2M Hill. ment software. "The subcontract management module The module is an extension of Inter- "When we first started examining incorporates the needed functionality to graph's SmartPlant Materials manage- our subcontract management process, help us oversee subcontracts on multiple projects." DeLong s aid that with subcontracts typically making up 30%-40% of a project, managing these contracts is important F90% O ENGINEERS BELIEVE THAT in maintaining project schedules and GREATER DIVERSITY IN ELECTRICITY budgets. In the software, an integrated

GENERATION, INCLUDING CO-GENERATION, eSupplier portal has been expanded to allow suppliers and subcontractors to LOCAL GENERATION AND RENEWABLES register with CH2M Hill. ARE N ECESSARY... Once registered, the suppliers can receive inquiries and agreements, submit real-time information relating to quotations and agreements, and Visit: facilitate change management and day- to-day reporting, as well as maintain w ww.engineersaustralia.org.au/populationforum progress measurement and invoicing for subcontracts.

2I 6 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SOFTWARE - F EATURE

An-»" 1 I t as mor nham t:

I < one agmatine s ax tos iim ai ix] The s oftware can be used to build 3D designs and analyse the key physical characteristics on a site.

Capitalising o n global resources

neams i different regions are devel- the c ompany's 3D visualisation capabilities. environment. D esigners then use this oping and sharing high quality 3D Paul Baker, national CADD coordinator information to maximise the sustainability designs and models to help deliver for Golder in Australia said: "Previously of their designs. solutions to their clients around the we would have provided our designs as "AutoCAD Civil 3D allows us to globe with the use of Autodesk's building a set of hard copy drawings with set- explore 'what-if' scenarios, often on information modelling (BIM) solution for out information. Today, using Civil 3D environmentally sensitive projects where the civil engineering industry. nearly all of our designs are provided as reuse of materials is a key sustainability BIM is an integrated process for 3D models. This results in time and cost focus," Baker explained. exploring a project's key physical and savings during construction as our clients "For one project we maximised the functional characteristics digitally before and their surveyors or contractors receive reuse of onsite soils to create a near it is built. an already built 3D model" even cut fill balance, thereby eliminating Golder has been using Autodesk's Auto- The BIM features in AutoCAD Civil the need to import material to site and CAD Civil 3D to further their development 3D and AutoCAD Map 3D are used to reducing the amount of material that of accurate and comprehensive 3D designs. analyse the key physical characteristics needed to be exported. Civil 3D is used This has been complemented by the intro- of materials used on a site and the af- extensively to prepare bill of quantities duction of Autodesk 3ds Max to increase fects they will have on the surrounding for earthworks projects."

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 63 I

FEATURE - S OFTWARE

Adaptive m odelling reduces timeline

oftware t hat was responsive to changes in design has helped the tender for a project in a tight schedule. Aurecon was engaged as designer by HEB Construction to undertake the design and construct tender of the SH18/16 Hobsonville Deviation project in Auckland, New Zealand. The goal was to deliver an innovative design at a competitive price to win the tender and enable HEB and Aurecon to continue into the detailed design and construction project phase. To deliver to HEB's requirements within tight deadlines Aurecon employed MX, a pavement design software package developed by Bentley. Aurecon was able » to create a detailed 3D earthwork model An a erial shot of the construction under way on the SH18/16 Hobsonville Deviation that was adaptable to meet changes. Sig- project in Auckland, New Zealand. nificant design changes could be made and detailed volumes outputs could still main a lignment and relocating ramps and side roads, yet which be rapidly produced. could still rapidly produce detailed volumes outputs." Richard Lauren, Aurecon's senior geometric designer for the The MX-Roads earthworks design tools enabled the model to project explained the focus was the bulk earthworks strategy for represent all the conditions required for design and estimation, the project. "HEB established zones in which they wanted the such as multiple ground strata of different material types, various cut and fill of their earthworks to balance within accessibility pavement types and different percentages of reusable material. timeframes," he said. "We were able to create a model that was There was a substantial amount of detail required for the fully adaptable to changes in the design, such as regrading the contractor to accurately plan and price the work within the time available. By making the model adaptive, the design could be changed significantly and create accurate detailed results within a few hours. Web-Based For each overall volume output the design had to take into account 16 areas of differing geological profile, each with its own reusability and bulking factors and up to four different T endering material strata depths. In addition, different pavement depths had to be used in Software. cuts and fills on local roads and the main line. The design also developed two different qualities of fill material to be used on the project. These were core structural fill for the Designed s pecifically for engineering and main embankments to support the pavement areas and lesser construction companies, Tender.ly will quality landscape fill, also used as buttress fill below the verges. lower your costs and streamline managing Each of these fill types had their own compaction factors and bids from suppliers and subcontractors. acceptable slope angles. » A t urn-key solution for fast and By using the adaptive model the time required to gener- efficient online tendering. ate new volumes after an alignment alteration was reduced to » R uns on your own servers, securely approximately 2h. In the past, providing such outputs would behind y our firewall. an have taken a skilled user approximately one week to provide » Keeps a full audit trail. = I. the same level of detail. "With the appropriate application of software we are able to » Milestones align procurement with = I. greatly improve the efficiency of our core design tasks freeing your our proj project schedule. a H up time to add value to the project which is ultimately what | |__ Learn more at www.constrex.com. = I. our clients really want," said Lauren. Auckland's Upper Harbour Motorway (SH18) project aims | |_ |_ | 6 _1_ ims to provide a link between the Northern and Northwestern Mo- _E OE I torways. Together with SH16 and SH20, the motorway forms o HH a_ I | | the Western Ring Route which will provide an alternative State _ H. | Highway Motorway system. m |_ _| Construction commenced in September 2008 and is due for constrex mm completion in 2012.

4I 6 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SOFTWARE - F EATURE

Giant g ross pollutant trap

to k eep city clean

massive R ocla CDS gross pollutant as a p roject based design tool to predict into a b ioretention basin. The model trap is helping fulfil the green ambi- removal rates of target pollutants within indicated that by removing all the gross tions of a satellite city development stormwater catchments. pollutants and most of the sediment with outside Brisbane. The unit was de- The software uses estimates of common the CDS3030 unit, the bioretention basin signed by Rocla, in conjunction with KN pollutant concentrations from Australian will be protected and its environmental Group, using SWATT modelling software. Runoff Quality 2006 to determine opti- function maintained. Rocla's SWATT (Storm Water Analysis mum sizing and cleaning frequencies to With a footprint of 7m by 5m, it is of Treatment Train) selection software satisfy the water sensitive urban design the largest CDS unit installed by Rocla was developed to enhance the selection (WSUD) water quality objectives. in Queensland. The 3m diameter con- process of the range of CDS gross pollut- The gross pollutant trap in the satellite tinuous deflective screen has an effective ant traps and Filternator media filtration city of Brisbane was designed to treat first screening area of almost 30m to treat system devices. It is able to complement flush volumes from severe storm events, stormwater. Music water quality modelling software, before draining the treated stormwater The gross pollutant trap is designed to treat up to 1700L/s of runoff, removing around 99% of gross pollutants and over 70% of sediment, resulting in more than 2.5t of rubbish a year being removed from the catchment. The CDS unit was installed by Civil Contractors and subcontractor MCQ Group. The large pollution storage provided by the unit ensures that maintenance by the Moreton Bay Regional Council will be minimised to a single annual clean. Many CDS units have already been installed at North Lakes, treating stormwater runoff from residential and commercial areas. The Rocla CDS3030 unit recently installed is the largest to date, and is located in the North Lakes Business Park, Stage 6, which comprises four large lots covering an area of approximately 22ha, most of which will be hard surfaces. Construction began on the North Lakes Business Park development, 25km north of Brisbane, in 2007 and it is planned to In N orth Lakes, the largest gross pollutant trap installed by Rocla in Queensland had take seven years to fully complete. The a footprint of 7m by 5m and was designed with the assistance of SWATT modelling $130 million development by Stockland software. will ultimately cover 55ha.

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ngineers A ustralia's newly appointed Named a s one of Australia's 25 Most chair of the Centre for Engineering Influential Female Engineers in 2007, Leadership and Management (CELM) Evans promotes self-awareness as being believes that "engineering and leader- integral to practising good leadership. ship go hand in hand". She believes the importance of self- Dr Bronwyn Evans, senior vice presi- awareness lies in being able to help others dent for quality, clinical and regulatory in their own development and pathways with Cochlear, brings to the post 25 years to leadership, something she aims to focus of engineering experience and a wealth on while in her new position. of inspiration. One of her key aims is to promote With responsibility for implementation engineers as leaders and maintain high of global medical devices into manu- standards of excellence. "I want to make facturing environments both Australia- sure the excellence we've established is wide and internationally, Evans is well continued. I want to build on those gone equipped to fulfil her vision of combining before and set a clear vision for the future." the theoretical with the practical in her She wants to extend the work done by new position. previous chair Professor Archie Johnston, Her 10 years' experience in the medical who focused on having engineers recog- device industry has granted her myriad nised as leaders. opportunities to develop and exercise her "The Year of Leadership is a fantastic leadership skills. opportunity to reiterate engineers' role as In particular, she flags her work in Asia leaders," she said. as influential as it required her to learn "All engineering leaders have a won- to moderate her leadership skills to suit derful role to play, both in a wider sense her environment. and in their own community.

FYEAR O

101 ENGINEERING

ENGINEERS LEADERSHIP AUSTRALIA

The Y ear of Engineering Leadership celebrates the vital contribution the engineering team makes to society. The four key message of the Year are: «__ L eaders of the engineering team provide inspiring, sustainable and innovative solutions t o society's challenges. + T he community identifies engineering as the desired vocation for those who are or want to become leaders of the future. + E ngineers Australia is an organisation that fosters, supports and develops engineering leaders throughout all stages of their careers. « L eaders of the engineering team value and are proud to be part of the practice of e ngineering. For f urther information visit www.engineersaustralia.org.au/leadership.

"Engineers l ove the practical," she pointed out, adding that this love of the practical equips them especially to be leaders in business, innovation and change. "Also, we focus on visions for the future and on how to achieve them. We develop the ability to persuade and influence others and are constantly looking to develop and expand. "In all the companies I've worked for, engineers have consistently been the ones who most successfully practise leadership skills. I believe this is testament to the way engineering and leadership go so well together." She said part of the honour of being appointed chair was the excitement of being part of an intellectually stimulat- ing group.

The C entre for Engineering Leadership and Management (CELM) complements the work of the Colleges and Societies of Engineers Australia. Its key purpose is to enhance professional opportunities for members of Engineers Australia by developing, recognising and promoting their ability to participate in and lead business, innovation and change. For more information visit www. engineersaustralia.org.au/celm. Dr B ronwyn Evans is the new chair of Engineers Australia's Centre for Engineering Leadership and Management.

ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA D eveloping and promoting business leadership and management in commercial and public enterprises

Chair: Dr B ronwyn Evans FIEAust

Members: John P hillips FIEAust CPEng EngExec Rebecca R ussell MIEAust CP Eng Prof Archie Johnston FIEAust CPEng David Hudson FIEAust Dr Marlene Kanga FIEAust CPEng Dr Mark Toner FIEAust CPEng EngExec

Alexandra M eldrum Tom M osquera Chris S canlon MIEAust CPEng MIEAust CPEng chris.scanlon@commerce. sydneycelm@engineersaustralia. [email protected] nsw.gov.au org.au Mark N icholas Michael E vans Ed C usteau FIEAust CPEng FIEAust CPEng EngExec MIEAust CPEng celmwa@engineersaustralia. org. au [email protected]. au [email protected] Prof C hris Letchford Kevan B lake Simon O rton FIEAust CPEng MIEAust CPEng MIEAust CPEng Chris. Letchford@utas. edu.au [email protected] [email protected]

Engineers A ustralia National Office, Canberra: Martin Dwyer FIEAust CPEng; Johanna Gastevich. Contact: 02 6270 6580 - [email protected]. au

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 67 cC L L LEADERSHIP LL a @ i |M LL > |_

3 o (d LL ~ |M

HEW i tit‘llS.

# A Engineer A ndrew Pratley at the microphone, with adjudicators (I-r) Chris Nicol, Tanya Gadiel and David Heilpern looking on. Proro: J on Lee

Engineers b eat lawyers in inaugural debate s t he team of lawyers was quick teamwork a nd mixing and matching," your a verage lawyer: erudite, handsome, to point out, 11 of the 27 prime said Botros. "For engineers, teamwork watches and wins Masterchef." The engi- ministers of this country have is everyday activity. You don't build a neers: "When was the last time you saw practised law. So how did a team Harbour Bridge with just one engineer." a politician wearing a lawyer's wig out of engineers convince an audience that The lawyers, who managed to provide campaigning? No, they all wear hard hats." they, rather than lawyers, would make superior entertainment, gave their point But regardless of which side won on better politicians, when even Julia Gillard of view on the subject tongue-in-cheek. the night, neither the engineers nor the and Tony Abbott both have law degrees? "We lawyers invented going into partner- lawyers could resist having fun at the Try this argument from the engineers' ship with people we hate," said Jucha. expense of their common opponents, second speaker, Andrew Pratley: "Aus- "Engineers are too binary - either yes the the politicians. As Pratley put it: "Law- tralia had only one choice at the election, bridge will collapse or no it won't. Boring." yers don't actually write the laws, nor do and that was to elect a lawyer. And what On the subject of who the politicians politicians write the laws. As we're told did we do? We rejected them both." themselves might rather be, both sides in the media, it's the faceless men of the The inaugural debate between Young campaigned hard. The lawyers: "Look at back rooms who write the laws." Engineers Australia Sydney Division and the Law Society of NSW Young Lawyers was held at NSW Parliament House on 26 August. The adjudication panel of Tanya Residential l eadership program Gadiel, deputy speaker of the Legislative Assembly; Dr Chris Nicol, chief technol- ngineering E ducation Australia is syndicate w ork, workplace application and ogy officer at NICTA; and senior civil organising a Senior Engineers Leader- dialogue on key topics in engineering busi- magistrate David Heilpern unanimously ship Residential Program in Heales- ness and leadership. Keynote speakers will awarded the debate to the engineers. The ville, Victoria, on 24-29 October. It is be Peter Godfrey, Prof Doug Hargreaves, engineers team of Maryam Khajeh, An- designed specifically for engineers with 15 Albert Goller, Dr Simon Longstaff, Dr drew Pratley and Andrew Botros defeated or more years of experience who are seek- Robert Care, Dr Steve Gumley, Avril Henry the lawyers team of Tom Payten, Anthony ing to improve their executive potential, and Prof Barb Wood. Jucha and Katie Price. expand their circle of influence and further The program also introduces the En- Appropriately, amidst a hung federal contribute to engineering excellence in gineers Australia Stage 3 Competencies parliament, the adjudicators were particu- Australia. (Engineering Executive). larly swayed on the subject of teamwork. The program has been developed in For the full program go to www.eeaust. "In a few elections' time we'll have about consultation with senior engineers who com.au/Engineering-Leadership-Program. 150 independents in federal parliament, represent all engineering sectors in Aus- htrol or contact Ann Ellis at ann@eeaust. and then they'll all have to talk about tralia. It includes CEO briefings, detailed com.au or phone 03 9274 9600. 68 C IVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

any p rojects are complex and rely on a strong culture of ethical behaviour between companies to achieve outstanding results, a seminar on the application of professional ethics was told in Sydney in August. Peter Wyton, regional managing director for AECOM's operations in NSW and the ACT;, reminded attendees of the "Would you like this on the front page of the newspaper" test. Explaining the practice of stakeholder engagement used at AECOM, he stressed that it is not your company's view of what is ethical that is important, but the view of your clients. The second speaker was Ian Dart, chair of the Warren Centre's Management Com- mittee for the Professional Performance, Innovation and Risk Project. He outlined the project, which defines what performance engineers, clients and other stakeholders should expect of engineering professionals when they are undertaking an engineering task. The project is now in its second phase of national implementation. To view the presentations online go to http://bit.ly/celmethics. The event was organised by the Ethics and Governance Subcommittee of the Sydney Chapter of Engineers Australias Centre for The c hair of the Sydney Chapter of CELM Alexandra Meldrum (second from right) Engineering Leadership and Management with (I-r) the speakers lan Dart and Peter Wyton, and members of the Ethics and (CELM). Governance Subcommittee Kevin Dixon, Victor Prados-Valerio and Mai Yeung.

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 69

cC L L LEADERSHIP LL a

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LL YEARF O > |_

3 201 ENGINEERING (d LL ENGINEERS ~ LEADERSHIP A USTRALIA |M

Technical l eadership: a formula for success

by R ory Nathan Toe b playfully reductionist, I suggest

that there is a simple formula that tech-

he w orld faces increasingly complex nical leaders can implement to increase

and interdependent problems and we personal effectiveness and impact: once

must devise clever solutions if we are the required experience threshold (E)

to meet the economic, social and has been achieved, leadership effective-

environmental challenges that confront ness (L) is determined as the product

us. But solutions to complex problems of true G.R.LT. This can be represented

require more than just clever technical as a mathematical mnemonic, where all

ability. Good ideas require more than terms are dimensionless quantities varying

their intrinsic merit to achieve wide adop- between 0 and 1, except for experience

tion. And having the "right answer" has (E) which has the units of hours:

no currency when dealing with multiple L = tanh(E/10,000).G.RI.T.

stakeholders. The factors required to be a successful

So, what is required? A big part of the technical leader are explained as follows:

solution is "technical leadership" It is not e E - relevant experience: Malcolm

necessary to be technically brilliant to Dr R ory Nathan Gladwell (in his book Outliers) suggests

be a good technical leader. Any form of that it takes 10,000 hours to master a

leadership requires the ability to inspire Professor P eter Cullen stands out as subject area, which equates to around

and motivate, but technical leadership a role model for technical leadership, ten years of effort. The hyperbolic

involves some qualities that are different particularly in his pivotal contribution tangent function is used to constrain

to what is normally espoused. to the Wentworth Group of Concerned the influence of this factor to the range

Ideally technical leadership involves Scientists. He is most remembered for 0 to 1, where initially effectiveness is

having impact in all four of the follow- his superb capacity to synthesise and proportional to experience, but after

ing key areas: communicate complex ideas, simply and a time its influence plateaus. In other

+ inspiring and motivating teams to clearly, to other scientists, policy makers, words, additional experience above a

deliver project outcomes politicians, and local community groups. threshold of 10,000 hours doesn't lead

+- attracting and retaining talent to help He did this in a way that helped them make to greater leadership effectiveness un-

build up a critical mass of capability decisions and take action. His work with less other factors are considered.

+- attracting stakeholders and clients with the Wentworth Group especially shows + G - generosity of spirit: ... shown to

difficult problems that need solving us that we do not need to swallow the those wishing to learn, to collaborate,

+ influencing design practice adopted by latest book from the management sage to question, to diverge. Technical lead-

the wider industry. of the minute. ers need highly motivated teams to

help extend their technical reach and

increase their level of impact, and the

younger professionals need mentoring (a) T ypical technical specialist (b) T echnical leader and assistance with their development. Experience Experience Talented individuals are drawn to

leaders who offer opportunities, and

if these are not provided then techni-

cal gurus - regardless of their revered

stature - will be left isolated.

uofeaouuy uofeaouuy + R - relationship focus: Engineering is Relationship Relationship

about problem solving - there is no one,

right answer - and the only way to be

in a position where technical leaders

can develop and apply their skills is

through maintaining and developing Generosity Targeted Generosity Targeted of Spirit f ocus of Spirit f ocus relationships (with project teams, with

clients, with external stakeholders). Spider p lots showing leadership success factors for a typical technical specialist and a

technical l eader. Having strong relationships allows us

70 C IVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

cC LEADERSHIP L L LL a @ to u nderstand the world from other their e xpertise, the greater the oppor- sthat i less confronting than we might first i |M perspectives, and this is needed in order tunities to have impact. think; one task or one conversation at a LL to identify the correct problem to solve. As brilliant as we each might be techni- time, and with the application of some > + I- innovation: Developing new ideas cally, we cannot overcome the issues that true G.RLT. |_ and approaches that meet an industry confront communities today by working The application of a generosity of 3 (d need, and applying them successfully, in silos. Consideration of the above for- spirit, a relationship focus and innovation LL is an essential catalyst to achieving step mula can perhaps assist in framing how - all targeted and relevant to a broader ~ |M increases in effectiveness. Technical we, as technical leaders, can bring a greater community - could make the difference leaders cannot afford to assume that diversity of thinking to our industry; with between having unused potential, and new problems can be solved with old stronger leadership our teams will be more making a positive and enduring impact methods. motivated, engaged, and better equipped on the world. + T - targeted focus: Technical leaders to meet the challenges ahead. need to align their interests to areas Gone are the days when technical lead- Dr R ory Nathan is general manager that are relevant and important to ers sit quietly working in some back room. technology and practice and a director of the wider industry, and to focus on While there is pressure to work against Sinclair Knight Merz. He is an Engineers problems that match their personal our (often) innate, introverted style (see Australia Ambassador for the Year of values. The stronger the demand for figure), we can make that shift in a way Engineering Leadership.

yDriven b passion and vision

rom e lectrical fitter to electrical engages w ith industry by contributing engineer to business cofounder and time to engineering bodies. He has been innovator, Peter Cockbain's diverse the National President of Engineers Aus- career experiences and personal tralia and is their current representative qualities of ambition and modesty have on the Prime Ministers Science, Engi- influenced his approach to leadership neering and Innovation Council. He is a and seen him emerge as a mentor and member of the Standards Australia Board, motivator within the industry. the University of Newcastle's Governing To young engineers he is an example Council and the Engineering and Built of a man whose tools for success have Environment Faculty advisory board. been hard work, initiative and a desire When mentoring the next generation to innovate. of young engineers, Cockbain draws on a Starting out as an electrical apprentice belief in self-empowerment along with his at the age of 15, Cockbain realised his diverse range of experiences given to him incomplete secondary education would by mentors during his early working life. inhibit his career. Upon completion His intention when engaging with of his apprenticeship he dedicated 12 students, qualified engineers and industry years of study to obtain his Certificate bodies is to challenge them, encourage Peter C ockbain in Electrical Engineering, his Advanced independent thinking and instil within Certificate in Electrical Engineering and them a desire to learn and a sense of ing s upport for them to grow," he said. finally his Bachelor of Science in Electri- action. Cockbain has demonstrated the im- cal Engineering from the University of "I try to turn the light on and then portance of research and development in Newcastle in 1972. hopefully they go away and start thinking power engineering through Ampcontrol's During this period he maintained full more broadly. Once you give them that innovative products for specialised appli- time employment, formed the company push they start to explore for themselves," cations in the mining industry. The com- Ampcontrol with three other electrical he said. pany's continued commitment to this is a engineers and supported his wife and Cockbain has a strong focus on pro- reflection of his progressive attitude and three young children. viding talented people with the support his current position as technical director. Cockbain is now the technical director and opportunities needed to reach their Through research and development, of Ampcontrol, one of Australia's leading full potential. Engineering graduates and product innovation and mentoring, Cock- electronics and electrical manufacturers apprentices within the Ampcontrol group bain's leadership has been a progressive and a company built on "a wealth of benefit from his one-on-one mentoring, influence in the fields of electrical and knowledge and experience". gaining advice on strategic planning, elec- power engineering for over 40 years and Through Cockbain's professional and trical engineering practices and project continues to be a meaningful example to academic guidance, Ampcontrol has management. future engineering leaders. continued to grow for over 40 years and "To bring out the best in somebody "You can't hope the future will create he has come to be recognised by the you've got to do three things; see they've an opportunity, you've got to be proactive. power engineering field for his passion got the potential to do something, create You've got to create your own opportuni- and vision for the industry. an opportunity to exploit that potential ties and have the commitment to realise Recognising communication as an im- and during this time mentor them to them," said Cockbain. portant element of leadership, Cockbain optimise their ability and provide ongo-

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 71

ANZ C entre was designed to be a world-class building and an innovative example of sustainability.

Global a ward for Docklands office

assell a nd Lend Lease Design have partners w ere Lend Lease Development is a lso registered for a six-star Green Star received the Emirates Glass LEAF and Bovis Lend Lease. ANZ Centre was rating in the categories of Office as Built Award for the Commercial Building designed by Hassell and Lend Lease and Office Interiors. of the Year for their work on ANZ Design. Compared to average Australian office Centre, Melbourne, at the ninth annual ANZ Centre was designed to be a buildings, greenhouse gas emissions are LEAF (Leading European Architects Fo- world-class building and an innovative expected to be reduced by 70%. Similarly, rum) Awards in London. example of sustainability. The building water consumption will be 60% less than ANZ Centre is the bank's new head- incorporates a raft of green initiatives the industry average. ANZ will use NAB- quarters at 833 Collins Street in Mel- including recycled timber cladding and ERS modelling from late 2010 to measure bourne's Docklands precinct. The bank a green wall linking the building to a the ongoing environmental performance claims that the workplace is the largest, nearby park. The building is also a hub of the building. greenest commercial office building in for the community. The building generates its own electric- Australia. The building opened last No- The building has achieved a six-star ity using a trigeneration plant, 1000m vember and cost $512 million to build. Green Star Office Design rating from the of solar panels, and roof-mounted wind ANZ's development and construction Green Building Council of Australia, and turbines. The building is also designed to reduce the energy and water consumption associated with airconditioning. Water from the river is piped through the building and the temperature differential is used to cool the water of the airconditioning system, thereby reducing the demand on the cooling towers. Other features include a green roof and sun shading. LEAF Awards judges said: "The dra- matic and playful interiors combined with a strong approach to sustainability placed this as a clear category winner. We believe this is a building that will set a global environmental and social sustainability benchmark for others to follow. "There cannot be too many banking headquarters in the world that are as open and permeable as ANZ Centre in The a trium of the ANZ Centre. Melbourne, Australia."

I2 7 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

SUSTAINABLE P ROJECTS OF THE MONTH

Race c lub harvests stormwater

n u pgrade of the stormwater harvesting system at the Moonee Val- ley Racing Club, situated north of the Melbourne CBD, has reduced potable water consumption by 60ML or 70% over the past year. The stormwater system supplies water to irrigate the track, lawns and gardens. The project has exceeded the original water saving target of 42.7ML/a and is a finalist in the large business category of the National 2010 savewater! Awards to be announced in Sydney in November. A stormwater harvesting system that captured runoff from the roofs, hard surfaces and surrounding streets was included when the racecourse was re- The d am was excavated to increase its capacity to 23.5ML. constructed in 1993. However, not all stormwater could be captured in the on- As a v enue of state significance, the ter n etwork to trap rubbish and sediment. site dam because some of the flows were club was exempt from water restrictions, In addition to allowing initial stormwater used to flush out pollutants. As a result, but nonetheless decided to improve its flows to be used for irrigation, this meas- the club largely relied on drinking water water efficiency. ure also prevents rubbish, sediment and to irrigate its track and was ranked as one Studies into the water use patterns and nitrogen being discharged into the nearby of City West Water's top 100 water users. water quality requirements, carried out in Moonee Ponds Creek. consultation with The stormwater network was resur- City West Water veyed, cleaned and reengineered to max- and engineering imise efficiency and to allow year-round consultancy RJA access to strategic points. Consulting, found Following these initiatives, 4500m> of the most viable soil were excavated from the dam to raise option was to up- its capacity to 23.5 ML. To prevent the dam grade the existing from overflowing onto the track, weir stormwater har- gates were installed to divert the water vesting system and through the drainage network into the increase the dam's Moonee Ponds Creek. capacity. Simpson Construction carried out the The first stage civil works. of the project in- The project was financed by $172,380 volved installing a in funding from City West Water and an Humeguard HG35 equal amount from the Moonee Valley gross pollutant Racing Club. The project payback period, trap upstream of originally estimated at 4.6 years with the main diversion City West Water funding, has now been pits in the under- revised to two years due to exceptional stormwater n etwork. ground stormwa- water savings.

Conference t o focus on infrastructure

he f uture sustainability of covering g overnance, social, envi- "Delivering a nd operating Australia's Australias infrastructure will ronmental and economic factors infrastructure sustainably". be the focus at the Australian across the planning, design, con- AGIC's conference is being held at Green Infrastructure Council's struction and operational phases of the Brisbane Convention & Exhibi- (AGIC) second annual national major infrastructure. tion Centre in conjunction with the conference in Brisbane on Tuesday National and international speak- 5th World Congress on Engineering 26 October. ers from public and private or- Asset Management. AGIC is developing the world's ganisations will present papers on a For more information visit www. first full sustainability rating scheme range of topics relating to the theme agic.net.au or www.wceam.com. M

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 73 I

' | D IARY

Courses, C onferences & Meetings

Events l isted here are organised or supported by Engineers Australia.

ENGINEERS A USTRALIA CONFERENCES The D MO/EA/ASDE Defence Engineering Conference w ill be held in Melbourne 5-9 Dec. the 3 rd Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Conference 2010 will be held in Canberra on 23 Inquiries: www.epsmabec2010.org. Aerospace Technology (APISAT 2011). Inquiries: Nov. Inquiries: www.engineersaustralia.org.au/ The 1 9th Australian Institute of Physics Congress www.alac14.com. defenceconference. incorporating the 35th Australian Conference on The 1 4th Australasian Tunnelling Conference will The A ustralian Earthquake Engineering Society's Optical Fibre Technology (AIP/ACOFT 2010) will be held in Auckland, NZ, on 8-9 March 2011. Inquiries: National Conference will be held in Perth on be held in Melbourne on 5-9 Dec. Inquiries: www. www.atstunnellingconference2011.com. 26-28 Nov. Inquiries: www.engineersaustralia.org. alp2010.org.au. The I AHR 34th Biennial Congress including the 33rd au/events/. The N ational Committee on Applied Mechanics of Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium and The 1 7th Asia Pacific Software Engineering Engineers Australia is hosting the 6th Australasian the 10th National Conference on Hydraulics in Conference will be held in Sydney 30 Nov to 3 Dec. Congress on Applied Mechanics in Perth 12-15 Dec. Water Engineering will be held in Brisbane 26 Jun Inquiries: www.apsec2010.com. Inquiries: www.acam6.0rg. to 1 Jul 2011. Inquiries: www.iahr2011.org. The A ustralasian Association of Engineering The 1 4th Australian International Aerospace The Coasts and Ports Conference 2011, hosted by Education (AaeE) is holding its 2010 conference in Congress will be held in Melbourne on 28 Feb-3 Mar Engineers Australia's National Committee for Coastal Sydney on 5-8 Dec. Inquires: www.aaee2010.com.au. 2011. Itincorporates the 14th Australian Aeronautical and Ocean Engineering, PIANC, IPENZ and the NZ The E ngineering and Physical Sciences in Medicine Conference, the 7th DSTOInternational Conference Coastal Society, will be held in Perth on 28-30 Sep and the Australian Biomedical Engineering on Health & Usage Monitoring (HUMS2011) and 2011. Inquiries: www.coastsandports2011.com.au.

The W orld Congress on Engineering Asset Without B orders is to be held in Melbourne Other L ISTINGS Management (WCEAM) 2010 is being held on University on 25-27 November. Inquiries: www.

25-27 October 2010 in Brisbane, Queensland. The ewb.org/conference. The 2 010 World Congress and Exhibition, organised Australian Green Infrastructure Council (AGIC) on behalf of the World Federation of Engineering The 6 th AsiaPacific Forum on Structural Engineering National conference is also being held on Tuesday Organisation, will be held on 17-20 Oct in Buenos Aires. for Extreme Events will be held on 7 Jul 2011 at Griffith 26 October, in conjunction with the WCEAM. Inquiries: Inquiries: www.ingenieria2010.com.ar. University, Gold Coast. For more information email David www.weeam.com,/. Donnan, d [email protected]. The Concrete Institute of Australia is holding a series of @arup Sydney D ivision Water Panel will include a presentation seminarsn o Durability - Principles for Practitioners The 2 011 World Engineers' Convention will be by Dr Seth Westra, a hydrologist at the University of in Sydney on 18 Oct, Brisbane 20 Oct, Perth 8 Nov, held on 4-9 Sep 2011 in Geneva, Switzerland. Titled NSW. "Water resources planning and design under Adelaide 10 Nov, Melbourne 12 Nov. Inquiries: https:// "Engineers power the world - Facing the global a changing climate" will be held on Tuesday 26 events.concreteinstitute.com.au/nat10durability/. energy challenge", the convention seeks to encourage October. For more information contact Karen Brakell, innovative engineering aimed at solving the problem The S ociety of Petroleum Engineers 2070 Asia Pacific , 20, [email protected]. of globally sustainable use of energy. Inquiries: www. Oil & G as Conference and Exhibition (APOGCE) will The a nnual national conference for Engineers wec2011.org. be h eld in Brisbane on 18-20 Oct. The event is hosted by the SPE Queensland Section. Inquiries: www.spe. org/events/apoagce/. Courses o rganised by ENGINEERING EDUCATION AUSTRALIA The N ational Precast Concrete Association Australia has been holding a one-day seminar around Australia on the Project m anagement practice module 2 procurement ( 2 days) Perth 26 Oct design of precast buildings. The remaining seminars - Implementing projects (2 days) Perth 18 Project e arned value management (1 day) Sydney will be held in Perth on 20 Oct and in Hobart on 7 Dec. Oct, Sydney 9 Nov, Brisbane 29 Nov, Melbourne 29 Oct, Perth 12 Nov, Adelaide 15 Nov, Melbourne Inquiries: www.npcaa.com.au. 13 Dec 16 Nov, Brisbane 18 Nov Engineering p lanning and design (1 day) Adelaide Contract m anagement (2 days) Darwin 8 Nov 20 Oct, Perth 11 Nov Online C ALENDARS Process p iping design and maintenance (5 days) Project m anagement practice module 5 - www.engineersaustralia.org.au/events Perth 8 Nov, Brisbane 15 Nov F or a more comprehensive list of Engineers Managing project quality, communication and Australia's courses, conferences and meetings, risk (2 days) Melbourne 22 Oct, Brisbane 4 Nov, Project m anagement practice module 1 - project visit the Engineers Australia website at www. Perth 18 Nov, Sydney 9 Dec management fundamentals (2 days) Brisbane 11 engineersaustralia.org.au/events. This section Nov, Sydney 16 Nov, Melbourne 25 Nov, Perth 8 Dec cane b searched by keyword, location, category Senior e ngineers leadership program or date. {residential) (6 days) Melbourne 24 Oct System s afety engineering master class (5 www.engineersaustralia.org.au/ days) Sydney 15 Nov c onferences Project m anagement practice module 4 Members can visit this website for a complete - Managing project costs, resources and Fear f ree presentations (1 day) Brisbane 25 Nov. list of conferences to be hosted by Engineers Australia's colleges, committees and technical Inquiries: T he EEA Team, Engineering Education Australia 03 9274 9600, fax 03 9326 9688, societies. email i [email protected], web www.eeaust.com.au

4I 7 CIVIL ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

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NEW P RODUCTS

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yCompiled b Kirill Reztsov

Hydraulic g antries

ydrospex h ydraulic gantries designed to handle loads in excess of 1000t are being introduced to Australiay b Enerpac. The o ffering includes SL series, designed for control and stability, and the heavy-duty SBL series, which has a capacity of 1100t and a lifting height of 1 3m. TheBL S 1100 has three-stage hydraulic cylinders mounted upside down in an octagon-shaped boom design. The boom is pinned and can be folded to reduce the transportation dimensions. With a folded boom, the SBL1100 fits into a s tandard (20ft) container. The S BL1100 is powered by a tank-roller system that can reduce the ground load up to 70% compared to conventional s ystems. The u nits are equipped with self- contained hydraulic systems and Intel- lilift w ireless control systems. This w ireless control system provides the operator with information about the stroke, lift and load per unit, and it automatically corrects any unsynchronised The g antries are equipped with self-contained hydraulic systems and wireless fmotion o the individual units. controls. Standard c onfigurations can be extended with components such as Applications i nclude hoisting of equipment, t ruck bodies, and heavy skidtracks, header beams, side shift heavy machinery, mills, turbines, earthmoving equipment maintenance. systems a nd lifting lugs. boilers, generators and processing www.enerpac.com.au

Software h elps analyse and evaluate large volumes of data

BM h as launched an upgraded ver- convenient t han before. and c ontain only static signal components sion of its powerful nCode GlyphXE Graphical comparison of different which are now automatically corrected. In software for analysis and evaluation measurement data - multiple measure- addition, test results may drift because of of huge amounts of data. The 2.0 ments of the same test, for example - can temperature variations during long-term version features a completely new software be done by displaying the information in monitoring. If a drift in a known meas- module t hat automatically corrects irregu- layers on top of one other. ured value is detected then the module larities in the measurement data along Users can automatically correct any initiates an automatic reset of the origin with a multitude of additional improve- irregularities or negative effects in the to facilitate test value monitoring. ments for easier and faster visualisation. measurement signals that might interfere The new add-on module also automati- The latest version of nCode GlyphXE with any subsequent analysis. In long-term cally corrects any irregularities resulting is simple to operate thanks to its intuitive monitoring, for example, only individual - from electromagnetic interference affect- graphical user interface. A new option for often infrequent - events are relevant. In ing the measurement data in the form viewing data directly from the browser between these events, so-called flat lines of spikes. makes working with many data files more can occur that expand the data volume www. h bm.com

CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010

NEW P RODUCTS I |

Geospatial s oftware has three-dimensional capability

ntergraph h as introduced new 3D assessing t he community and environ- feature d ata and vector data to create a capabilities for its GeoMedia software, mental impact of development projects 3D view of all data sources in a Geo Media integrating advanced spatial analysis and providing the public with project 3D map window. and data capture with the 3D "virtual visualisation. The software also allows users to Earth" style of presentation popular in With the ability to work in 2D, 3D import pre-built city models and other mainstream mapping applications. The or both, GeoMedia 3D users experience readily available 3D files, perform fly- combination aims to deliver more precise a flexible visualisation environment for a throughs of areas of interest and save them visualisation of surface and environmental wide range of workflows. Users can also as video files for viewing and distribution. characteristics. dynamically integrate surfaces, imagery, www. With Geo Media 3D, users can navigate with full freedom of movement in all dimensions to evaluate geospatial assets Polymer m aterial for construction and analytical results. The new functionality is intended to enhance infrastructure otmar E ngineering Plastics is foamed c ore reduces the weight of the management, land information manage- offering Uniboard construction material by up to 50% compared to ment, geospatial intelligence exploitation material in Australia and New other water-soaked materials. This and production, cartographic production, Zealand. closed cell structure also prevents public safety and security. Uniboard is a lightweight, en- water absorption, meaning it is suit- Applications include strengthening hanced-polymer material that com- able for both indoor and outdoor use. security and military assessment through bines the benefits of plywood, marine Uniboard Eco is manufactured realistic 3D simulations, evaluating inter- ply, MDF and craft wood with the from recycled plastic in high-density ference for utility lines, creating hotspot low weight and water resistance of polyethylene. Uniboard Standard maps for crimes and other statistical data, plastics. consists of polypropylene with 15% providing visuals of a destination to assist The material's solid skin provides mineral reinforcement. dispatchers, capturing elevation data in added rigidity and strength, while its www.dotmar.com.au/uniboard.htral realistic 3D views for photogrammetry,

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CIVIL E NGINEERS AUSTRALIA | OCTOBER 2010 79 I

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