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Fifth United Nations Congress Prevention A/CONF.56/10 FIFTH UNITED NATIONS CONGRESS ON THE PREVENTION OF CRIME AND THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS UNITED NATIONS Department of Economic and Social Affairs FIFTH UNITED NATIONS CONGRESS ON THE PREVENTION OF CRIME AND THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS Geneva, 1-12 September 1975 Report prepared by the Secretariat UNITED NATIONS New York, 1976 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters com• bined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secreta• riat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or bounda• ries. A/CONF.56/10 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.76.IV.2 Price: $U.S. 6.00 (or equivalent in other currencies) CORRIGENDUM Ref.: Sales No. E.76.IV.2 (A/CONF.56/10) July 1976 New York FIFTH UNITED NATIONS CONGRESS ON THE PREVENTION OF CRIME AND THE TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS Corrigendum Page 5, paragraph 22 1. Delete subparagraph (a) 2. Reletter the following subparagraphs accordingly Page 59, paragraph 436 The paragraph should read 436. Meetings of working groups of experts were convened in the United States of America at College Park, Maryland, from 10 to 13 April 1975, with the Institute of Criminal Justice and Criminology of the University of Maryland acting as host; at Reno, Nevada, 6 April 1975, with the National College of the State Judiciary at the University of Nevada acting as host; at Airlie House, Virginia, from 7 to 10 January 1975, with the Police Foundation acting as host; and at the Academy for Contemporary Problems, Columbus, Ohio, from 18 to 22 November 1974, with the American Bar Association Commission on Correctional Facilities and Services and the Academy of Contemporary Prob• lems acting as hosts. Page 74, E. Other intergovernmental organizations At the end of the section add ORGANISATION 1 OR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT Roy Alexander Carr-Hill, Administrator, Social Indicators Section, Directorate for Social Affairs. Manpower and Education. Paris Litho in United Nations. New York A/CONF.56/10/Corr.l 13187-July 1976-3.45(1 English only' CONTENTS Chapter Paragraphs Page I. MATTERS CALLING FOR ACTION BY OR BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF LEGISLATIVE BODIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS 1-40 1 Matters calling for action by the General Assembly 2-5 1 Matters calling for action by or brought to the attention of the Committee on Crime Prevention and Control 6-25 2 Matters calling for action by or brought to the attention of functional com• missions of the Economic and Social Council 26-32 7 Matters calling for action by or brought to the attention of other bodies or agencies 33-36 8 Matters calling for action by or brought to the attention of specialized agen• cies 37-40 8 II. DELIBERATIONS OF THE CONGRESS 41-375 9 Opening Plenary meeting 41-47 9 Reports on the discussions 48-371 9 Agenda item 5. Changes in forms and dimensions of criminality—trans• national and national Rapporteur: H. Fragoso (Brazil) 48-115 9 Agenda item 6. Criminal legislation, judicial procedures and other forms of social control in the prevention of crime Rapporteur: S. C. Versele (Belgium) 116-192 18 Agenda item 7. The emerging roles of the police and other law enforce• ment agencies, with special reference to changing expectations and minimum standards of performance Rapporteur: P. J. Stead (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) 193-259 25 Agenda item 8. The treatment of offenders, in custody or in the commu• nity, with special reference to the implementation of the Standard Mini• mum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners adopted by the United Na• tions Rapporteur: V. N. Pillai (Sri Lanka) 260-301 32 Agenda item 9. Economic and social consequences of crime: new chal• lenges for research and planning Rapporteur: W. Woodham (Jamaica) 302-371 41 Closing plenary meeting 372-375 51 III. REPORT OF THE GENERAL RAPPORTEUR 376-393 52 IV. SUMMARIES OF LECTURES 394-431 55 Criminality, work and leisure time 394-398 55 Developing a stable base for criminal justice planning 399-408 55 Offences against the economy 409-410 56 Crime prevention and the scientific and technical revolution 411-422 56 Tasks of the United Nations national correspondents 423-431 57 V. ORGANIZATION OF THE CONGRESS 432-471 59 Terms of reference 432-433 59 Preparation 434-440 59 Participation 441-450 59 Agenda ..451-453 60 Documentation 454-455 60 Officers 456-460 61 iii CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Paragraphs Page Organization of work 461-464 63 Small-group meetings 465-470 64 Workshop on evaluative research 471 64 Annexes I, List of participants 65 IL Rules of procedure of the Congress 79 III. List of documents 82 Chapter I MATTERS CALLING FOR ACTION BY OR BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF LEGISLATIVE BODIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS 1. The Fifth United Nations Congress on the Pre• police experts in preparation for the Congress and sub• vention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, held mitted to it as annex III of a working paper on the at Geneva from 1 to 12 September 1975, singled out the emerging roles of the police (A/CONF.56/5), as well as following matters as those calling for action by legisla• other models for law enforcement codes of ethics. The tive bodies of the United Nations or to be brought to Congress decided that the General Assembly be re• their attention. They are listed under the corresponding quested to establish a committee of experts to study the headings, with reference in parentheses to the relevant question and that the Assembly might wish to consider chapters and paragraphs of the present report. the feasibility of regional groups drafting preliminary documents for the use of the committee.2 The Declara• Matters calling for action or brought to the tion on the Protection of All Persons from being sub• attention of the General Assembly jected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrad• ing Treatment and Punishment was deemed to be an DECLARATION ON THE PROTECTION OF ALL PERSONS integral part of the future code of conduct for law en• FROM BEING SUBJECTED TO TORTURE AND OTHER forcement officials. CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT (Chap. II, paras. 290-301) VIOLENCE OF TRANSNATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE (Chap. II, paras. 2. Pursuant to General Assembly resolution 3218 84-95) (XXIX), in paragraph 4 of which the Assembly re• quested the Fifth United Nations Congress on the Pre• 4. At the thirtieth session, on 15 December 1975, vention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders to the General Assembly decided by consensus, on the consider the steps to be taken for the protection of all recommendation of the Sixth Committee, "that the persons subjected to any form of detention or impris• item entitled 'Measures to prevent international ter• onment against torture and other cruel, inhuman or rorism which endangers or takes innocent human lives degrading treatment or punishment and to report to it or jeopardizes fundamental freedoms, and study of the thereon at its thirtieth session, the Congress adopted a underlying causes of those forms of terrorism and acts resolution in which it recommended that the General of violence which lie in misery, frustration, grievance Assembly adopt the Declaration on the Protection of and despair and which cause some people to sacrifice All Persons from being subjected to Torture and Other human lives, including their own, in an attempt to effect Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or radical changes' should be included in the provisional Punishment.1 agenda of its thirty-first session". In that connexion, the attention of the General Assembly is drawn to the [For the text of the Declaration, see paragraph 300.] conclusions and recommendations of the Congress re• lating to violence of transnational and comparative in• INTERNATIONAL CODE OF POLICE ETHICS ternational significance. (Chap. II, paras. 254-258) 5. The conclusions and recommendations of the 3. In paragraph 3 of its resolution 3218 (XXIX), the Congress as a whole will be submitted to the General General Assembly requested the Fifth United Nations Assembly for its consideration at the thirty-second ses• Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treat• sion through the regular channels involving the Com• ment of Offenders to give urgent attention, under item 3 mittee on Crime Prevention and Control, the Commis• of its agenda, to the question of the development of an sion for Social Development and the Economic and international code of ethics for police and related law Social Council. enforcement agencies, after taking into account the consideration given to that question by the Committee 2 The General Assembly, at the thirtieth session/considered the on Crime Prevention and Control in pursuance of report of the Congress on the issue of an international code of conduct Economic and Social Council resolution 1794 (LIV). for law enforcement officials and by its resolution 3453 (XXX), The Congress considered the draft international code of paragraph 3, requested the Committee on Crime Prevention and Con• trol to elaborate, on the basis of, inter alia, the proposals presented to police ethics which was drawn up by a working group of and conclusions arrived at by the Fifth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, a code of 1 The General Assembly, at its thirtieth session, unanimously conduct for law enforcement officials, and to submit that draft code to adopted the Declaration-, changing the word "principles" in article 2 the General Assembly at the thirty-second session through the Com• of the draft Declaration to the word' 'purposes'' (see General Assem• mission for Social Development and the Economic and Social bly resolution 3452 (XXX)).
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