" Aerospace)Initiatives)at)CU1Boulder)–)2016) ) CU1Boulder)AeroSpace)Ventures)(ASV)"is)a)collaboration)among)aerospace1related)departments,)institutes,) centers,)government)labs,)and)industry)partners)to:) •! Accelerate"discoveries"in"Earth"and"space"science"with"innovative"engineering"solutions" •! Develop"technologies"that"solve"critical"21st"Century"problems"and"create"new"commercial"opportunities" •! Broadly"educate"tomorrow’s"highly>skilled"aerospace"workforce" •! Create"collaborations"between"industry"and"academia"resulting"in"innovations"that"help"the"U.S."and"Colorado" aerospace"industry"flourish" " Departments:" Aerospace"Engineering"Sciences"(AES);"Applied"Mathematics"(APPM);" Astrophysical"and"Planetary"Sciences"(APS);"Atmospheric"and"Oceanic" Sciences"(ATOC),"Computer"Science"(CS);"Electrical,"Computer"&"Energy" Engineering"(ECEE);"Mechanical"Engineering"(ME);"Physics"(PHY)"" " Institutes:"" Cooperative"Institute"for"Research"in"Environmental"Sciences"(CIRES)," Laboratory"for"Atmospheric"and"Space"Physics"(LASP),"Colorado"Space" Grant"Consortium"(COSGC)" " Centers:"" BioServe"Space"Technologies,"Center"for"Astrophysics"and"Space" Astronomy"(CASA),"Colorado"Center"for"Astrodynamics"Research"(CCAR)," Research"and"Engineering"Center"for"Unmanned"Vehicles"(RECUV)"" " Contact:"" Professor"Penina"Axelrad;"Chair,"AES,"[email protected]"" 303>492>8183" Diane"Dimeff;"Managing"Director,"AeroSpace"Ventures,"[email protected]"" 303>492>8511" " Website:" www.colorado.edu/aerospaceventures"" ______) ) ) ) ) ) HUMAN)SPACE)FLIGHT) ) •! CU1Boulder)faculty)and)students)are)evaluating"advanced)life)support"" and"thermal"control"system"technologies"to"assess"their"feasibility"for"use"in" future"space"vehicles"and"spacesuits"for"long>term,"sustainable"human" space"exploration"missions."Other"research"areas"include"assessing"human> machine"interfaces,"crew"operations"and"spacecraft"cockpit"design"(PIs:" Professors"David"Klaus"and"James"Nabity,"AES"and"BioServe)." •! International)Space)Station"–"CU>Boulder"continues"to"conduct" biotechnology"research"onboard"the"ISS"with"pharmaceutical"and" biomedical"industry"partners.""Experiments"are"currently"being"transported" to"and"from"the"station"in"the"new"SpaceX"Dragon"and"Orbital"Sciences" Figure'1.'Astronaut'and'CU3Boulder'faculty'member' Joe'Tanner'gives'an'EVA'salute'during'his'6.53hour' CYGNUS"capsules"(PI:"Professor"Louis"Stodieck,"AES"and"BioServe).)" space'walk'on'the'STS3115'mission.) •! NOAA’s)Space)Weather)Prediction)Center,"which"includes"approximately"a" dozen"CIRES"scientists,"is"the"official"source"of"space"weather"watches,"" warnings,"and"alerts"for"NASA’s"human"space"flight"program"(CIRES)." ! ! ! 1" ______) SMALL)SATELLITES) ) •! The)Colorado)Student)Space)Weather)Experiment)(CSSWE))–"Funded"by"the"National"Science"Foundation"and" measuring"only"10x10x30"cm,"CSSWE"was"launched"in"September"2012.""The"exciting"new"measurements"of" energetic"particles"made"by"this"“3U”"cubesat,"still"in"operation"at"the"end"of"2014,"are"complementary"to"NASA’s" Van"Allen"Probes"mission"(PI:"Professor"Xinlin"Li,"LASP"and"AES)." •!CUSP)–"A)Surrey"Satellite"US>sponsored"project"to"develop"a"testbed" for"commercial"embedded"systems"and"solid"state"memory.""The"CUSP" payload"flew"on"the"Surrey"Orbital"Test"Bed"(OTB)"spacecraft"in"2015"(PI:" Professor"Scott"Palo,"AES)." •! Cubesat)Radio)–)The"NASA"Space"Technology"Mission"Directorate" awarded"one"of"ten"Small"Satellite"Partnership"Cooperative"Agreements" to"the"University"of"Colorado"Boulder.""The"goal"of"the"project"is"to" develop"a"cubesat"radio"that"is"compatible"with"the"NASA"near>Earth" network"(PI:"Professor"Scott"Palo,"AES"and"LASP)." Figure'2.'Rendering'of'the'Colorado'Student'Space' •! MiniMASS)–)CU>Boulder"is"contributing"the"MiniMASS"instrument"to" Weather'Experiment'(CSSWE)'CubeSat'mission' the"Norwegian"MAXIDUSTY"sounding"rocket"campaign"that"is"scheduled" funded'by'NASA'and'launched'into'low3Earth,' polar'orbit'on'September'13,'2012.) to"launch"in"June/July"2016."The"MiniMASS"instrument"complements"the" payload"and"will"measure"the"mass"and"charge"distribution"of" nanometer>sized"smoke"particles"in"the"upper"atmosphere"that"are"remnants"of"meteoric"ablation"(PI:"Professor" Zoltan"Sternovsky,"AES"and"LASP,"and"Scott"Robertson,"Physics"and"LASP)."" •! MinXSS)–"A)four>year,"approximately"$1"million"project"to"design,"build,"integrate,"test,"and"operate"a"34x10x10"cm" satellite"that"was"launched"on"the"OA>4"ULA"Atlas"V/Cygnus"mission"to"the"International"Space"Station"in"December" 2015"to"take"observations"of"the"Sun."The"miniaturized"x>ray"spectrometer"is"a"3U"cubesat"designed"to"measure"the" soft"x>ray"portion"of"the"solar"spectrum,"selected"by"NASA"for"flight"(PI:"Dr."Tom"Woods,"LASP"with"AES)." •! PolarCube)–)Will"perform"tropospheric"temperature"soundings"of"sea"ice"and"the"boundaries"between"ice"and"open" ocean"to"improve"weather"forecasting."A"project"of"SpaceGrant,"the"Air"Force"Research"Labs,"the"Center"for" Environmental"Technology,"the"Colorado"Space"Grant"Consortium"and"the"CIRES>based"National"Snow"and"Ice"Data" Center,"PolarCube"also"involved"extensive"work"by"CU>Boulder"engineering"undergraduate"students."It"is"planned"for" a"2016"launch." •! QB50)–)A"European"Union>sponsored"project"to"launch"50"cubesats"into"orbit.""AES"is"collaborating"with"the" University"of"Michigan,"Stanford"University"and"the"Inter>American"University"of"Puerto"Rico.""The"project"is"funded" by"the"National"Science"Foundation"and"scheduled"to"launch"in"2016"(PI:"Professor"Scott"Palo,"AES)." •! Student)Dust)Counter"(SDC)"on)New)Horizons)–"The"Student"Dust"Counter"was"designed"and"built"to"detect"dust" both"on"the"interplanetary"journey"to"Pluto"and"beyond.""The"microscopic>sized"dust"grains"hitting"the"SDC"create" unique"electrical"signals,"allowing"the"students"to"infer"the"mass"of"each"particle"(PI:"Professor"Mihaly"Horanyi," Physics"and"LASP)." ______) UNMANNED)AIRCRAFT)SYSTEMS) •! I/UCRC)–)CU>Boulder"is"one"of"two"university"sites"that"established"the"National"Science"Foundation" Industry/University"Cooperative"Research"Center"for"Unmanned"Aircraft"Systems."With"the"recent"addition"of"a"third" university"site"the"collaboration"now"involves"about"20"industry"and"government"agency"members"who"support" research"to"address"technical"challenges"and"provide"training"for"future"leaders"in"the"unmanned"aircraft"systems" industry."The"inaugural"industry"members"of"the"center"include"AFRL"Aerospace"Systems"Directorate,"AFRL" Munitions"Directorate,"AAI>Textron,"Boeing,"Insitu,"L>3"Communications,"NASA"Dryden"Flight"Research"Center,"the" National"Oceanic"and"Atmospheric"Administration,"United"Technologies"Research"Center,"and"Utopia"Compression" (PI:"Professor"Eric"Frew,"AES"and"RECUV).)"

! ! ! 2" •! Ross)Ice)Sheet)–)Small"UAV"to"collect"data"that"should"help"scientists"better"understand the behavior of the atmosphere and its coupling to the ice sheet surface there (Dr. John"Cassano,"ATOC"and"CIRES)."" •! The)CIRES)Innovative)Research)Program)–"Funded"the"collaboration"titled"Observations,of,Wind,Turbine,Wakes, Using,Unmanned,Aircraft,Systems"to"demonstrate"the"utility"of"small"UAS"for"studying"wind"turbine"wakes."The"use" of"UAS"allows"for"observations"covering"the"entire"atmospheric"volume"of"a"wind"farm,"with"position"easily"changed" as"the"upstream"flow"direction"varies"(AES,"RECUV,"ATOC,"CIRES,"and"NREL)." •! Dynamic)Atmospheric)Sensing)–)Through"research"partnerships"with"the"National"Oceanic"and"Atmospheric" Administration"(NOAA),"the"National"Renewable"Energy"Lab"(NREL),"and"other"universities,"CU>Boulder"is"developing" unmanned>aircraft"sensing"systems"for"applications"that"include"wild"fire"response,"studying"severe"local"storms"and" tornadoes,"investigating"turbulence"in"the"atmospheric"boundary"layer,"and"characterizing"flow"fields"around"wind" turbines"(RECUV,"AES,"and"ATOC)." •! ERASMUS"–"The"Evaluation"of"Routine"Atmospheric"Scientific"Measurements"using"Unmanned"Systems"is"funded"by" the"DOE."The"project"deployed"a"small"atmospheric>profiling"UAS"in"August"2015"and"will"operate"a"larger"UAS"with" a"variety"of"instruments"during"a"two>week"campaign"period"in"April"2016"at"the"US"DOE"Oliktok"Point"Atmospheric" Radiation"Measurement"(ARM)"site"(PI:"Dr."Gijs"deBoer,"CIRES"and"AES)." •! The"Energy1Aware)Aerial)Systems)for)Persistent)Sampling)and) Surveillance)–)Sponsored"by"the"Air"Force"Office"of"Scientific"Research" (AFOSR),"this"project"is"a"collaboration"led"by"CU>Boulder"to"create"an" airborne,"dynamic"data>driven"application"system"for"exploiting"wind" energy"in"complex"atmospheric"conditions."CU>Boulder"is"the"lead" institution"on"a"$1.9M"grant:"“Severe"storm"Targeted"Observation"and" Robotic"Monitoring"(STORM),”"funded"by"the"NSF"National"Robotics" Initiative"that"continues"the"data>driven"application"system"theme"(PI:" Frew,"AES)." •! Soil)Moisture)Mapping)sUAS)–)The"Center"for"Environmental" Technology"is"working"with"Black"Swift"Technologies,"a"Boulder" Figure'3.''CU3Boulder'Research'and'Engineering' company"formed"by"AES"graduates,"to"develop"a"Soil"Moisture"Mapping" Center'for'Unmanned'Vehicles'(RECUV)'takes' sUAS,"which"will"facilitate"better"weather"forecasting"including" researchers'across'the'globe'to'conduct'scientific' experiments'for'commercial'applications,' monitoring"droughts"and"forecasting"floods."The"project"is"funded"by"a" mitigation'of'natural'and'man3made'disasters,' NASA"small"business"grant"(PI:"Al"Gasiewski,"ECEE)." security,'and'national'defense.) •! ICE)Penetrator)System)–"NASA"provided"support"for"the" development"of"an"ice"penetrator"system"that"can"be"deployed"from"flight"and"will"penetrate"12”"of"ice"to"place" sensors"in"the"water"column"below"(PI:"Professor"Jim"Maslanik,"AES)." ______) EARTH)SCIENCE,)MISSIONS)&)SPACE)INSTRUMENTS" " •! Cloudsat)and)Calipso)–)Sensors"that"measure"atmospheric"vertical"structure"of"clouds"and"aerosols.""Data"from"these" sensors"are"being"used"to"understand"the"feedbacks"and"relationships"between"shrinking"Arctic"sea"ice,"and"cloud> cover"to"inform"projections"of"the"future"state"of"the"Arctic"and"its"implications"for"global"climate"(PI:""Professor" Jennifer"Kay,"ATOC"and"CIRES)." •! CU1Boulder)scientists"are"using"space>based"and"airborne"assets"(e.g."GRACE"and"ICESat)"to"determine"how"ice"melt" in"Greenland"and"Antarctica"are"contributing"to"sea"level"rise"(CIRES,"CCAR)." •! The)Earth)Science)and)Observation)Center)(ESOC),"at"the"Cooperative"Institute"for"Research"in"Environmental" Science"(CIRES),"is"a"research"center"dedicated"to"advancing"scientific"and"societal"understanding"of"the"Earth" System"based"on"innovative"remote"sensing"research.""This"includes"the"analysis"and"validation"of"remote"sensing" data"from"a"broad"array"of"platforms"and"the"incorporation"of"these"data"into"models"of"the"Earth"system"with"the" ultimate"goal"of"providing"fundamental"insights"into"how"that"system"functions,"how"it"is"changing"and"what"those" changes"mean"for"life"on"Earth"in"general"and"human"society"in"particular.""Professor"Kristy"Tiampo"leads"ESOC."

! ! ! 3" •! GPS)Water)Cycle)Initiative"–"GPS"data"collected"in"the"western"United"States" by"NSF’s"Plate"Boundary"Observatory"are"being"used"to"measure"soil"depth,"soil" moisture,"and"vegetation"growth,"a"technique"expected"to"benefit"meteorologists," water"resource"managers,"climate"modelers"and"farmers"(PI:"Professor"Kristine" Larson,"AES).! •! ) Icebridge)1)Arctic)Radiation)Icebridge)Sea)&)Ice)Experiment)(ARISE)"–"September" 2014"mission"to"reconcile"the"Arctic"surface"radiation"budget"as"derived"from"space> ,"aircraft>,"and"ground>based"measurements."CU>Boulder"scientists"and"engineers" contributed"measurements"of"solar"spectral"irradiance"(PI:"Dr."Sebastian"Schmidt," ATOC"and"LASP)." •! ))IceBridge)–)Operation"IceBridge"is"an"ongoing"series"of"airborne"campaigns"to" measure"changes"in"the"Greenland"and"Antarctic"ice"sheets,"topography"of"the" underlying"bedrock,"as"well"as"changes"in"Arctic"sea"ice"thickness"(Co>Is:"Dr."Ted" Scambos"and"Dr."Lora"Koenig,"CIRES)."" Figure'4.''This'GPS'site'on'St.'Lucia' •! The)Ice)Cloud)and)Land)Elevation)Satellite12)(ICESat12))–"Scheduled"for"launch"in" was'installed'by'NSF'to'measure'the' motion'of'the'Carribean'plate.'' 2017,"this"satellite"will"measure"ice"elevation"changes,"ice"and"land"topography,"and" Professor'Larson'has'shown'that'the' potentially"vegetation"canopy"height.""CIRES"scientists"are"involved"in"the"algorithm" GPS'data'can'also'be'used'to' measure'changes'in'sea'level.' development"for"vegetation"canopy"height"and"ice"topography"in"complex"terrains" (PI:"Professor"Waleed"Abdalati,"Geography"and"CIRES)." •! Landsat18)–)Observations"of"Antarctic"ice"streams"are"being"used"to"examine"ice"dynamics"and"discharge"and" subsequent"impacts"on"sea"level"by"the"tracking"of"feature"movement"in"visible"imagery"(PI:"Dr."Ted"Scambos," CIRES)." •! NASA)Airborne)Instrument)Technology)Transition)(AITT)"–"LASP"built"a"leveling"platform"for"an"airborne"radiometer" as"part"of"AITT"to"increase"the"accuracy"of"airborne"irradiance"measurements;"it"was"tested"during"the"NASA" Polarimeter"Definition"Experiment,"PODEX"(PI:"Sebastian"Schmidt,"ATOC"and"LASP).!" •! NASA)ATTREX"–"The"NASA"GlobalHawk"Unmanned"Airborne"Vehicle"was"used"during"ATTREX"to"measure"the" heating"rate"and"water"vapor"absorption"in"the"upper"troposphere/lower"stratosphere"(PI:"Professor"Peter"Pilewskie;" Co>Is:"Dr."Bruce"Kindel"and"Dr."Sebastian"Schmidt;"ATOC"and"LASP;"Dr."David"Fahey,"CIRES"Fellow,"was"one"of"five" lead"project"scientists"on"this"mission).!" •! NASA)DISCOVER1AQ""–"Based"out"of"Langley,"DISCOVER>AQ"was"an"aircraft"campaign"focused"on"understanding"the" chemistry"and"physics"behind"air"quality"challenges"in"three"broad"regions"in"Texas,"California,"and"the"Washington," DC"area"(Professor"Rainer"Volkamer,"Chem"&"BioChem"and"CIRES)." •! NASA)Earth)Venture)Suborbital)Mission)ORACLES)(Observations"of"Aerosols"above"Clouds"and"their"Interactions,"led" by"NASA"Ames)"–"5>year"aircraft"mission"to"study"aerosol>cloud>radiation"interactions"in"the"outflow"region"of" biomass"burning"in"Southwest"Africa."CU>Boulder"scientists"and"engineers"contribute"radiation"measurements"and" three>dimensional"radiative"transfer"calculations"(PI:"Sebastian"Schmidt,"ATOC"and"LASP)." •! NASA)SEAC4RS"–"CU>Boulder"scientists"performed"spectral"irradiance"measurements"onboard"the"NASA"ER>2"and" DC>8"during"SEAC4RS"to"collect"data"for"characterizing"the"optical"properties"of"aerosols"and"clouds"(PI:"Dr."Sebastian" Schmidt,"ATOC"and"LASP;"Co>I:"Professor"Peter"Pilewski,"ATOC"and"LASP;"CIRES"researchers"Dr."Jose>Luis"Jimenez,"Dr." Richard"McLaughlin,"Dr."Eric"Ray,"and"Dr."Nicholas"Wagner"were"also"involved"to"better"understand"air"pollution"and" climate"change,"sharing"a"NASA"group"achievement"award"for"their"contributions"to"the"mission)." •! The)National)Snow)and)Ice)Data)Center"at"CU>Boulder"serves"as"the"NASA"data"archive"and"distribution"center"for" satellite"and"aircraft"observations"of"global"ice"cover,"most"notably"the"shrinking"Arctic"sea"ice"as"well"as"soil" moisture"data"from"the"new"Soil"Moisture"Active"Passive"(SMAP)"validation"experiment"(CIRES)." •! NEON)Twin)Otter)Aircraft"–"Hosts"an"improved"solar"spectral"radiometer"system"designed"to"minimize"weight," uncertainty,"and"cost"(PI:"Professor"Peter"Pilewskie,"ATOC"and"LASP;"Co>Is:"Dr."Sebastian"Schmidt"and"Dr."Bruce" Kindel,"ATOC"and"LASP)." •! NOAA’s"National)Geophysical)Data)Center"in"Boulder"provides"stewardship,"products,"and"services"for"the"nation’s" geophysical"data."Roughly"half"of"NGDC’s"180"employees"are"CIRES"personnel."These"people"create"the"Nighttime" light"views"of"Earth,"popularized"as"NASA’s"Black"Marble,"and"they"curate"and"make"available"data"from"many"NASA" satellites"and"instruments"that"collect"geophysical"data"such"as"radar"altimetry"from"Seasat,"space"weather"data" from"DSCOVR,"and"data"from"a"series"of"solar"irradiance"instruments"(CIRES)." ! ! ! 4" •! Remote)Sensing)of)Roads)and)Highways)in)Colorado)–"A"joint"project"between"CU>Boulder"and"DigitalGlobe"to" perform"large>area"road>surface"quality"and"land>cover"classification"using"very>high"spatial"resolution"aerial"and" satellite"data"(PI:"Professor"William"Emery,"AES"and"CCAR)." •! World)View)–)2)Imagery)–)CIRES"scientists"have"been"working"with"high>resolution"commercial"imagery"from"World" View>2"to"quantify"the"amount"of"meltwater"stored"in"Greenland’s"supraglacial"lakes"in"order"to"better"understand" the"linkages"between"the"drainage"of"these"lakes,"ice"sheet"dynamics,"and"sea"level"rise"(PI:"Professor"Waleed" Abdalati,"Geography"and"CIRES)." ______) SPACE)SCIENCE)MISSIONS)&)INSTRUMENTS) •! AIM)–"A)NASA"satellite"mission"to"study"how"polar"mesospheric"clouds"form"and"why"they"vary."AIM"was"launched"in" 2007"and"is"still"operational."LASP"operates"the"mission"and"built"two"of"the"three"instruments,"the"Cosmic"Dust" Experiment"(PI:"Professor"Mihaly"Horanyi,"Physics"and"LASP)"and"the"Cloud"Imaging"and"Particle"Size"instrument"(PI:" Professor"Cora"Randall,"ATOC"and"LASP). •! Cassini)–"A"NASA/ESA"mission"to"Saturn"that"was"launched"in"1997"and"is"still"operating.""LASP"built"the"UVIS" instrument"to"study"Saturn"UV"emissions"from"its"atmospheres,"rings,"and"moons"(PI:"Professor"Larry"Esposito,"APS" and"LASP)." •! Cosmic)Dust)Analzyer)–""$2.9"million"from"NASA"to"develop"the"next"generation"of"cosmic"dust"analyzer"instruments" to"be"used"for"future"missions"(PI:"Professor"Zoltan"Sternovsky,"AES"and"LASP)."" •! CU1Boulder’s"astronomy)sounding)rocket"program"is"making"novel"observations"at"ultraviolet"and"X>ray" wavelengths"and"training"future"scientific"leaders"(CASA)." •! DSCOVR))–"The)Deep)Space)Climate)Observatory)–"A)NOAA>led"mission"joint"with"NASA"and"the"U.S."Air"Force." Launched"on"February"11,"2015,"this"satellite"“buoy”"helps"NOAA"issue"warnings"of"space"weather"that"can"impact" communications,"navigation,"power"grids"and"more."DSCOVR"will"give"NOAA"space"weather"forecasters"more" reliable"information"on"potentially"harmful"solar"activity."A"team"of"CIRES"scientists"built"the"ground>processing" systems"for"DSCOVR"data,"ensuring"that"its"data"will"flow"24/7"to"users"around"the"world"who"rely"on"it"(PI:"Dr." Alysha"Reinard,"CIRES)." •! EMM)–"A"United"Arab"Emirates"mission"to"Mars"to"study"the"Mars"atmosphere." Partnering"with"the"Emirates"Institute"for"Advanced"Science"and"Technology" (EIAST),"LASP"is"leading"the"effort"to"collaboratively"design,"develop,"integrate," test,"verify,"launch,"and"operate"a"scientific"orbiter"and"associated"scientific" instrumentation,"the"Hope"Probe,"that"will"be"inserted"into"Mars"orbit"in"2021" (PM:"Mike"McGrath,"LASP).) •! EUROPA"–"Recently"approved"by"NASA,"the"CU>Boulder"instrument,"known"as"the" SUrface"Dust"Mass"Analyzer"(SUDA),"will"be"used"to"measure"the"composition"of" solid"particles"released"from"Europa’s"surface"due"to"meteoroid"bombardment" (Dust"Detector"PI:"Professor"Sascha"Kempf,"Physics"and"LASP,"with"Professor"

Mihaly"Horanyi,"Physics"and"LASP,"and"Professor"Zoltan"Sternovsky,"AES"and" Figure'5.'"Horizon'Glow"'above' LASP).""" the'surface'of'the'moon.) •! GOES1R"–"A"NOAA"operational"weather"satellite"program.""LASP"has"built"four"copies"of"the"EXIS"instrument"to" provide"measurements"of"the"solar"EUV"irradiance"for"the"GOES>R"series"of"satellites."The"first"GOES>R"satellite"will" be"launched"in"2016"and"operation"of"the"four"satellites"is"expected"through"2034."(PI:"Dr."Frank"Eparvier,"LASP)." •! Hazardous)Asteroid)Mitigation"—"CU>Boulder"is"leading"a"NASA>funded"multi>institute"study"on"modeling"hazardous" asteroid"mitigation"(PI:"Professor"Dan"Scheeres,"AES;"CU>B"team"members:"Professor"Alireza"Doostan"and"Professors" Brandon"Jones"and"Jay"McMahon)." •! The)Institute)for)Modeling)Plasma,)Atmospheres,)and)Cosmic)Dust)(IMPACT)"studies"the"dusty"plasma" environments"around"airless"bodies"within"the"interplanetary"medium"with"a"combination"of"modeling,"theoretical," and"laboratory"experiments."IMPACT"will"answer"a"variety"of"science"questions"as"well"as"provide"insight"necessary" for"ensuring"human"safety"and"long>term"usability"of"mechanical"and"optical"devices"on"airless"bodies"(PI:""Professor" Mihaly"Horanyi,"Physics"and"LASP)."

! ! ! 5" •! Instrumentation)for)Orbital)Platforms)–"CU>Boulder"researchers"design"and"build"instrumentation"for"orbital" platforms,"such"as"the"Hubble"Space"Telescope"and"the"Herschel"Space"Observatory"to"observe"galaxy"formation"in" the"early"universe"(CASA)." •! JUNO)–"This"mission"focuses"on"four"areas:"(1)"Determining"how"much"water"is"in"Jupiter's"atmosphere,"which"will" help"determine"which"planet"formation"theory"is"correct,"(2)"Looking"deep"into"Jupiter's"atmosphere"to"measure" composition,"temperature,"cloud"motions,"and"other"properties,"(3)"Mapping"Jupiter's"magnetic"and"gravity"fields," revealing"the"planet's"deep"structure,"and"(4)"Exploring"and"studying"Jupiter's"magnetosphere"near"the"planet's" poles,"providing"new"insights"about"how"the"planet's"enormous"magnetic"force"field"affects"its"atmosphere."JUNO" will"reach"Jupiter"in"2016"(Co>I:"Professor"Fran"Bagenal,"APS"and"LASP)." •! Kepler)–)A"NASA"mission"specifically"designed"to"survey"a"portion"of"our"region"of"the"Milky"Way"galaxy"to"discover" planets"in"or"near"the"habitable"zone"of"their"stars"and"determine"how"many"of"the"billions"of"stars"in"our"galaxy" have"such"planets."LASP"provides"mission"operations"for"the"Kepler"spacecraft"that"was"built"by"Ball"Aerospace"(PI:" Bill"Possel,"LASP).)) •! LADEE/)LDEX)–"CU>Boulder"designed"and"built"the"Lunar"Dust"Experiment"instrument"for"NASA’s"LADEE"space" mission."The"spacecraft"was"launched"in"September"2013"to"characterize"the"tenuous"lunar"atmosphere"and"dust" environment"from"orbit"and"impacted"the"moon"on"April"17,"2014"where"it"has"completed"its"mission"to"collect"data" on"the"lunar"atmosphere"and"dust"environment"(PI:"Professor"Zoltan"Sternovsky,"AES"and"LASP)." •! MAVEN)–"A"NASA"mission"to"Mars"to"explore"its"upper"atmosphere,"ionosphere," and"interactions"with"the"sun"and"solar"wind."MAVEN"launched"in"2013"and" entered"Mars’"orbit"on"Sept."21,"2014."LASP"provided"two"instruments"and"science" operations."Lockheed"Martin"provided"the"spacecraft"bus"and"mission"operations." Through"MAVEN,"we"can"understand"atmospheric"loss,"which"will"give"scientists" insight"into"the"history"of"Mars'"atmosphere"and"climate,"liquid"water,"and" planetary"habitability"(Mission"PI:"Professor"Bruce"Jakosky,"Geology"and"LASP)." •! MESSENGER)–"A"NASA"mission"to"understand"Mercury"and"how"it"was"formed"to" better"understand"the"other"terrestrial"planets"and"their"evolution."Launched"in" Figure'6.''A'rendering'of'MAVEN'orbiting' 2004"and"arrived"at"Mercury"in"2011.""After"more"than"four"years"in"orbit,"the" Mars.) MESSENGER"spacecraft"impacted"the"surface"of"the"planet"on"April"30,"2015."MESSENGER"scientists"will"continue"to" analyze"data"from"the"mission,"including"that"from"the"very"low>altitude"“hover"campaign”"that"spanned"the"final" months"of"investigations."LASP"built"the"MASCS"instrument"to"study"Mercury’s"atmospheric"and"surface"composition" (PI:"Dr."William"McClintock,"LASP)." •! MMS)–"A"NASA"mission,"consisting"of"four"identically"instrumented"spacecraft,"using"Earth’s"magnetosphere"as"a" laboratory"to"study"magnetic"reconnection,"a"fundamental"plasma>physical"process"that"taps"the"energy"stored"in"a" magnetic"field"and"converts"it—typically"explosively—into"heat"and"kinetic"energy"in"the"form"of"charged"particle" acceleration"and"large>scale"flows"of"matter."Launched"in"March"2015."LASP"is"providing"science"operations"for"the" four"MMS"satellites"and"built"the"FIELDS"instrument"(SOC"PI:"Professor"Daniel"Baker,"APS"and"LASP;"FIELDS" Instrument"PI:"Professor"Robert"Ergun,"APS"and"LASP)." •! NASA)Solar)System)Exploration)Research)Virtual)Institutes"—"SSERVIs"will"address"scientific"questions"about"the" moon,"near>Earth"asteroids,"the"Martian"moons"Phobos"and"Deimos,"and"their"near"space"environments."AES" Professors"Dan"Scheeres"and"Zoltan"Sternovsky"are"Co>Investigators"on"several"NASA>SSERVI"teams."Sternovsky"is"on" the"CU>SSERVI"team"led"by"Prof."Horanyi"(Physics"and"LASP);"Scheeres"is"on"three"teams"led"by"Bottke"(SwRI> Boulder),"Britt"(University"of"Central"Florida)"and"Horanyi"(CU>Physics)." •! New)Horizons)–"A"NASA"mission"Pluto>Kuiper"Belt"mission"launched"in"January"2006"that"completed"its"flyby"of"the" Pluto"system"in"mid>July"2015."Data"coming"back"from"New"Horizons"will"help"us"to"understand"the"icy"worlds"at"the" edge"of"our"solar"system."The"mission"is"now"slated"to"visit"one"or"more"Kuiper"Belt"Objects"beyond"Pluto."LASP" provided"the"SDC"student"instrument"to"study"the"dust"in"the"heliosphere"during"the"transit"to"Pluto"and"also"the" dust"environment"near"Pluto"(PI:"Professor"Mihaly"Horanyi,"Physics"and"LASP)." •! OASIS)–"A"new"physical"science"investigation"on"ISS,"the"Observation"and"Analysis"of"Smectic"Islands"in"Space"(OASIS)" will"examine"the"behavior"of"liquid"crystals"in"microgravity."OASIS"is"a"CU>Boulder"student>built"liquid"crystal" experiment"flown"to"the"ISS"(Soft"Materials"Research"Center,"SMRC,"students"Noel"Clark,"Joe"MacLennan,"Matthew" Glaser,"Cheol"Park).""" ! ! ! ! 6" •! OSIRIS1REx)–"A)NASA"New"Frontiers"mission"to"an"asteroid"that" launches"in"2017"and"will"acquire"and"return"samples"in"2022"that"will" help"explain"our"solar"system's"formation"and"how"life"began"(Co> Investigator"and"Radio"Science"Team"Lead:"Professor"Dan"Scheeres,"AES" and"CCAR;"Radio"Science"Analyst"Lead:"Professor"Jay"McMahon,"AES).! •! QuikSCAT)–"A"NASA"mission"to"monitor"the"sea"surface"winds." QuickSCAT"was"initiated"as"a"“quick"recovery”"mission"to"help"reduce" the"ocean>wind"vector"data"gap"created"by"the"loss"of"the"NASA" Scatterometer"(NSCAT)"on"the"Japanese"Advanced"Earth"Observing" Figure'7.'OSIRIS3REx'spacecraft'at'the'Asteroid' Satellite"(ADEOS),"which"ceased"functioning"in"1997."LASP"provides" Bennu.'Photo'courtesy'of'NASA.) mission"operations"for"the"QuickSCAT"spacecraft"that"was"built"by"Ball" Aerospace"(PI:"Bill"Possel,"LASP)." •! SPP)–"A"NASA"mission"to"fly"by"the"Sun"to"study"the"solar"corona"and"solar"wind"acceleration"mechanisms."By"flying" into"the"Sun’s"outer"atmosphere,"Solar"Probe"Plus"will"gather"data"on"the"processes"that"heat"the"corona"and" accelerate"the"solar"wind—solving"two"fundamental"mysteries"that"have"been"top>priority"science"goals"for"many" decades."SPP"is"expected"to"launch"in"2018."LASP"is"providing"instrument"subsystems"for"the"Fields"experiment"(PI:" Professor"Robert"Ergun,"APS"and"LASP)." •! SORCE)–"A"NASA"mission"to"monitor"the"solar"irradiance"variability"and"its"influence"on"climate"change."LASP"built" the"five"instruments"aboard"SORCE"and"provides"PI>mode"mission"and"science"operations"for"the"satellite."The" SORCE"spacecraft"was"built"by"Orbital."SORCE"launched"in"2003"and"is"still"operational."(Original"PI:"Dr."Gary" Rottman,"LASP;"PI:"Dr."Thomas"Woods,"LASP)." •! Spectral)Irradiance)Monitor)(SIM))–"Funding"from"the"NASA"Earth"Science"Division"to"develop"a"miniaturized"version" of"the"Spectral"Irradiance"Monitor"(SIM)"for"future"climate"monitoring"of"the"solar"spectral"irradiance"(PI:"Dr."Erik" Richard,"LASP)"" •! Swarm)–)A)3>satellite"ESA"mission"aimed"at"better"understanding"Earth's"magnetic"field"and"its"variability."It" launched"successfully"on"November"22,"2013"(Science"PI:"Professor"Jeff"Forbes,"AES)." •! TCTE)–"A"NOAA"TSIS"instrument"aboard"Ball’s"STPSat>3"was"launched"in"2013."This"instrument"measures"the"total" solar"irradiance"(TSI)"and"provides"a"continuation"of"LASP’s"TSI"record"started"by"SORCE"(NOAA"TSIS"PI:"Professor" Peter"Pilewskie,"ATOC"and"LASP;"TCTE"Instrument"PI:"Dr."Greg"Kopp,"LASP)." •! TSIS)–"A"NOAA/NASA"climate"instrument"suite"to"measure"the"solar"irradiance"and"its"influence"on"climate"change." This"is"a"follow>on"mission"to"SORCE"to"continue"the"solar"climate"records."First"selected"in"1998"for"the"National" Polar>orbiting"Operational"Environmental"Satellite"System"(NPOESS),"re>manifested"in"2010"on"the"NOAA>NASA"Joint" Polar"Satellite"System"(JPSS),"then"the"NOAA"Polar"Free"Flyer,"is"now"scheduled"to"be"implemented"as"part"of"the" newly"established"Solar"Irradiance,"Data"and"Rescue"(SIDAR)"program"with"a"launch"in"2017"to"the"International" Space"Station."TSIS>2"mission"development"begins"in"2015"for"a"free>flyer"mission"like"SORCE"(PI:"Professor"Peter" Pilewskie,"ATOC"and"LASP)." •! Space1)and)Ground1Based)Platforms)–"Partnerships"with"local"aerospace"companies"and"the"National"Institute"of" Standards"and"Technology"produce"astronomical"technology"developments"for"space"and"ground>based"platforms" (CASA)." ______SPACE)WEATHER) " •! Forecasting)Space)Weather"–"CIRES"Scientists"are"instrumental"in"the"development"of"suite"of"tools"to"aid"in"the" forecasting"of"space"weather"and"the"understanding"of"the"Earth>Sun"space"environment."These"include"Coronal" Mass"Ejection"tools,"Aurora"prediction"capabilities,"models"to"predict"geomagnetic"activity,"electron"forecast"models," and"heliosphere"prediction." •! GEC"–"CU>Boulder"leads"an"NSF>sponsored"research"project"to"investigate"the"electrical"connections"between"space" weather"and"terrestrial"weather"as"part"of"the"Frontiers"in"Earth"System"Dynamics."CU>B"is"partnered"with"NCAR"and" The"Pennsylvania"State"University"(PI:"Professor"Jeff"Forbes,"AES)."" •! GOLD"–"Part"of"the"NASA"Explorers"Program,"which"is"designed"to"provide"frequent,"low>cost"access"to"space"for" heliophysics"and"astrophysics"missions"with"small"to"mid>sized"spacecraft."The"information"collected"by"the"GOLD" ! ! ! 7" mission"will"have"a"direct"impact"on"understanding"space"weather"and"its"impact"on"communication"and"navigation" satellites."LASP"is"building"the"imaging"spectrograph,"and"launch"is"planned"for"2017." •! ICON"–"A"recently"selected"NASA"Explorer"mission"will"probe"the"extreme"variability"of"Earth's"ionosphere"with"in> situ"and"remote>sensing"instruments."Launch"is"planned"for"2017"(Co>I:"Professor"Jeff"Forbes,"AES)." •! Magnetic)Conjunctions)–"Many"space"environment"effects"on"hardware"and"signals"are"organized"by"Earth’s" magnetic"field."Researchers"have"developed"an"algorithm"that"finds"observations"made"by"different"LEO"spacecraft" on"the"same"magnetic"field"line"(PI:"Dr."Tomoko"Matsuo,"CCAR"and"CIRES;"Co>I:"Professor"Delores"Knipp,"AES"and" CCAR)." •! ))NOAA’s)Space)Weather)Prediction)center)(SWPC))–"CIRES"scientists"work" hand>in>hand"with"the"NOAA"scientists."SWPC"is"the"nation’s"official"source" for"Space"Weather"Alerts"and"Warnings,"which"seeks"to"protect"our"critical" infrastructure"from"solar"storms"and"geomagnetic"disturbances,"and"serves" a"range"of"customers"from"the"electric"power"industry,"satellite"operations," to"GNSS/GPS"positioning"and"navigation"services." •! SDO)–"A"NASA"mission"to"GEO"launched"in"2010."SDO"is"observing"the"Sun" continuously,"24/7"with"10>second"cadence,"to"understand"better"the" causes"of"solar"variability"and"its"space"weather"impacts"on"Earth."LASP" provided"the"EVE"instrument"to"observed"the"solar"EUV"irradiance"and"the" Figure'8.''A'team'of'CIRES'scientists'in'NOAA's' Space'Weather'Prediction'Center'help'collect' spectral"variability"of"solar"flares"(PI:"Dr."Thomas"Woods,"LASP)." and'process'solar'data'crucial'to'issue' •! ))The)Space)Environment)Data)Analysis)(SEDA))Group)–)CU>Boulder"is" warnings'about'incoming'space'weather'that' can'impact'communications,'navigation,'and' reprocessing"a"decade’s"worth"of"Department"of"Defense"space" the'power'grid.''Image'by'Albert' environment"data"to"create"a"refurbished"and"amended"data"archive"of" Quadra/NOAA) energy"deposition"into"the"environment"where"satellite"drag"is"a"concern"" (PI:"Professor"Delores"Knipp,"AES"and"CCAR)." •! Van)Allen)Probes"–"The"Van"Allen"Probes"mission,"previously"known"as"the"Radiation"Belt"Storm"Probes"(RBSP)" mission,"is"part"of"NASA’s"Living"With"a"Star"Geospace"program"to"explore"fundamental"processes"that"operate" throughout"the"solar"system,"in"particular"those"that"generate"hazardous"space"weather"effects"near"the"Earth"and" phenomena"that"could"affect"solar"system"exploration."LASP’s"relativistic"electron"proton"telescope"and"scientists" are"a"part"of"the"mission"(Instrument"PIs:"Professor"Daniel"Baker,"APS"and"LASP,"and"Professor"Robert"Ergun,"APS" and"LASP)." ______) EDUCATION,)OUTREACH)AND)SPECIAL)APPOINTMENTS) ) Education)Projects)and)Partnerships) ) ) ) ) ) •! CUNY)QCC"–"The"Aerospace"Engineering"Sciences"department"is" partnering"with"City"University"of"New"York"Queensborough" Community"College"(CUNY"QCC)"to"create"space"environment" educational"material"that"encourages"students"at"CUNY"QCC"and" other"community"colleges,"to"remain"in"science,"technology," engineering,"and"mathematics"courses"(PI:"Dr."Marie"Chantale"Damas" CUNY"QCC;"Co>I:"Professor"Delores"Knipp,"AES)." •! CIRES)Education)Outreach)–"CIRES’"Education"and"Outreach"program" regularly"receives"NASA"funding"to"provide"education"and"outreach" services"in"support"of"NASA"missions."This"work"includes"the"Solar" Dynamics"Observatory"mission"and"the"DISCOVER>AQ"mission"(Lead:" Dr."Susan"Buhr"Sullivan,"CIRES)." Figure'9.''NASA'Administrator'Charles'Bolden' discusses'a'design'project'with'CU3Boulder' •! CU1Boulder)is)a)Jet)Propulsion)Laboratory)SURP)School"–"A" students.) memorandum"of"understanding"signed"by"JPL"Director"Charles"Elachi" and"Chancellor"Phil"DiStefano"in"May"2014"established"CU>Boulder"as"a"JPL"Strategic"University"Research"Partn! er." This"program"encourages"and"supports"relationships"between"JPL"and"14"of"the"nation’s"top"space"education"and" research"universities.") ! ! ! 8" •! FAA)Center)of)Excellence)for)Commercial)Space)Transportation)–"CU>Boulder"is"supporting"the"FAA"by"conducting" research"in"space"weather"modeling,"situational"awareness,"spacecraft"human>rating"and"risk"assessment,"satellite" operations,"and"autonomous"rendezvous"and"docking"(CU>Boulder"PI:"Professor"David"Klaus,"AES"and"BioServe,"with" faculty"from"CIRES,"CCAR"and"eight"other"universities)." " " " " " " " " " " Special)Appointments)with)NASA) •! Professor"Waleed"Abdalati"(Geography"and"Director"of"CIRES)"was"selected"to"co>chair"the"National"Research" Council’s"Earth"Science"and"Applications"from"Space"Decadal"Survey,"which"will"develop"priorities"for"space>based" Earth"observations"for"the"2017>2027"decade." •! Professor"Steve"Nerem"(AES"and"CIRES"Fellow)"was"selected"as"lead"of"NASA’s"Sea"Level"Change"team"in"2014." " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " , , , , , , , , , , Acknowledgements,–,Direct,input,on,these,projects,received,from,Waleed,Abdalati,,Brian,Argrow,,Phil,Armitage,,Penny,Axelrad,,Paul, Beale,,Eric,Frew,,Andrew,Hamilton,,Katy,Human,,Dave,Klaus,,Delores,Knipp,,Kristine,Larson,,Xinlin,Li,,Scott,Palo,,Cora,Randall,,Dan, Scheeres,,Sebastian,Schmidt,,Randy,Siders,,Zoltan,Sternovsky,,Jeff,Thayer,,and,Tom,Woods.,,, ! ! ! 9"