Railway Transport

Railway Transport 4.0 – Innovation within the railway industry for more climate protection and more customer quality Schiene 4.0 – Innovationen der Bahnindustrie für mehr Klimaschutz und mehr Kundenqualität InnoTrans Convention Palais am Funkturm, 19th September 2018

www.bahnindustrie.info The German Railway Industry Association

▪ The German Railway Industry Association (VDB) is the industrial association of the railway equipment and technology manufacturers in Germany. ▪ It represents the interests of more than 190 member companies – many of them are worldwide leading system integrators and highly specialised medium-sized equipment suppliers. ▪ The VDB members design and manufacture systems and components for rail vehicles and their infrastructure. In addition to that they offer a broad range of services for the railway technology applications. ▪ The VDB members employ 50,000 people in Germany alone.

InnoTrans Convention ▪ Berlin ▪ 19th September 2018 1 The VDB member companies

InnoTrans Convention ▪ Berlin ▪ 19th September 2018 2 SPEAKERS ▪ Jürgen Kerner Board, IG Metall ▪ Dr. Josef Doppelbauer Executive Director, European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) ▪ Millar Crawford Senior Vice President, Thales Group ▪ Dr. Jörg Nikutta Managing Director, Alstom Transport Deutschland GmbH ▪ François Muller Ecosystem Leader Private Operators, Bombardier Transportation GmbH ▪ Dr. Peter Radina Member of the Managing Board, Knorr Bremse SfS GmbH ▪ Dr. Stefan Spindler CEO Industrial, Schaeffler AG

MODERATION ▪ Dr. Ben Möbius Managing Director, German Railway Industry Association

InnoTrans Convention ▪ Berlin ▪ 19th September 2018 3 Jürgen Kerner, IG Metall

DB Innovation Forum 2018 ■ Dr. Ben Möbius 4 Die Schiene als Rückgrat eines nachhaltigen Multi-modalen Transportsystems

VDB Dialogforum Schiene 4.0, Berlin, 19.09.2018 Dr. Josef Doppelbauer, Leitender Direktor Setting the Scene

• Transport of people and goods is essential for society and economy

• The transport sector is faced with enormous challenges:

climate change, NOx, fine dust, ... • Rail can become the mode of transport of the 21st century – if it provides a convincing offer The Importance of Railways

Sustainability & Climate change Congestion Economic growth

Clean energy Capacity Safety

7 Four Generations ...

2.0 4.0 International 3.0 ? Backbone of networks for Major the passengers innovations multimodal and freight - –yet on the transport dominating decline 1.0 chain surface Enabler of transport the industrial revolution

1800 1880 1950 2020

8 Innovation

Innovation means to introduce a new application, product, service, or process (including the supply chain) that increases customer value

Fashion

Trends

Hype Unnovation Innovation Chains

End Users + Historic Examples: Vegetables, Cattle, Beer carried by rail ConsumerTechnology + + ProvidersGoods

Service/ InfrastructTechnology + Technology + Providersure Providers Current Examples: Providers Smart phones, Google, Facebook, + Booking.com, ... TechnologyTechnology ProvidersTechnology ProvidersProviders The Innovation Ecosystem for Rail

Users Enablers • Availability of service • Technology (no forced choice) • Total travel time • Capabilities • Hassle-free • Regulatory • Cost/affordability framework • Quality/reliability Providers Policy • CAPEX/OPEX • Efficient (incl. energy) transport system • Revenue generating • Affordable • Fixed cost vs. (strains on variable cost budget) • Movable assets • Environment/ (residual value) decarbonisation • Public Safety The Innovation Cycle in Rail is 25 Years

Rail has a twofold structural innovation problem

1) National fragmentation (N x effort, 1/N market) 2) Dynamic network (innovation can be local, or the elevation of the entire network to a new status)

Operations & Maintenance

Tertiary Infrastructure: control command/signalling

Secondary Infrastructure: energy and communication Primary infrastructure: tracks, tunnels, bridges, stations, ... We Need to Think Systems

Modularity is vital Average life-time in rail Fixed infrastructure – 100 years

Carbody – 30 years

Bogies – 15 years

Propulsion – 5 to 10 years

Interiors – 5 to 10 years

SW – 1 to 3 years

Innovation and Interoperability are no contradiction – there is no innovation without interoperability

14 Hard Innovation

How did the price of Coca-Cola evolve from 1886 to 1959? Soft Innovation Some Rail Examples

Innovation Locality Soft/hard Comment

From steam traction to Diesel largely local soft Provided sufficient fuel is available, both steam and Diesel locomotives traction can run anywhere on the network Diesel, steam can continue to run under catenary; unless there is Electric traction network semi-soft batteries (“fuel on board”), electric traction depends on the provision of an adequate energy supply infrastructure Practically no impact on the network Air condition in passenger coaches local (to coach) soft (? Weight, EMC) Passive safety? Fire safety? New materials for carbodies local soft

Self-steering trains – Saves massively maintenance cost for switches in infrastructure – no moving parts in switches in the local + network very hard however, ALL trains need to be converted – a “normal” train can no infrastructure longer run once the first switch is converted across the new switch!

Automated Train Operation (ATO) largely local semi-soft ATO exists since quite some time in closed (urban) rail networks

Universal geographic safety logic local + network semi-soft migration necessary, including regulatory framework How to Position Rail in the Innovation Game?

time time

(Moore's law) ₊ Innovation by combination ₋ Innovation "by design" ₊ Based on existing technologies ₋ Unproven technologies ₊ Simplified customer adaption ₋ High transaction cost ₊ Standardisation boosts ₋ Proprietary solutions create risks innovation ₋ Fragmentation prevents ₊ Network effects – the more improvement users, the faster the improvement

The focus has to be on local and soft innovation, and on creating the appropriate enablers • Technical (comms networks, electricity on wagons, ...) • Regulatory (authorisation scheme) • Organisational (S2R) 18 From Fixed Cost to Variable Cost

Vehicle Secure Wireless Communication (bidirectional)

Control and Geographic Automation Safety Logic

Fuel Sensors (Hydrogen) The Vision for the Future Control Loop

to other TMSs TMS to other TMSs

Wireless communication track to train

safe distance safe distance Train 1 to go to go Train 2

Switch 1 Switch 2 Speed v1 Speed v2

Wireless communication train to train

Position (train/vehicle) measured in geographic coordinates Loops of Control

local to train

TMS Multimodal Integration

Digital technology can be disruptive in all aspects of the transport chain, also helping to integrate transport modes (seamless multi-modal transport)

Railway Directives Regulation Passenger + Freight Security, dangerous goods, planning, ticketing, operations, tracking and tracing, revenue settlement

Urban Rail Transport Road Rail without borders

Single shared transport system – journeys procured digitally using the combination that best fits customer needs - without multimodality, there is a limited future for digital rail! The Challenge Technology = solution + problem

Cybersecurity will be a design requirement of the system – safe operation has to be solidly rooted in physical reality Conclusion

Compatible evolution - Migrateabilty and Upgradeability

5G network as critical enabler

Multimodal integration – Mobility as a Service

(Global) standardization (across modes), re-use of components Eliminate structural problems for rail - by supporting interoperability, user-first principle Adopt regulation to enable innovation and to address Cybersecurity

Availability of talent in rail?

"Mainstreaming" rail on the technology side

Rail 4.0 – innovations within the railway industry for more climate protection and more customer quality

Millar Crawford EVP Ground Transportation Thales

19th September 2018 - VDB FORUM - INNOTRANS A decisive moment for the rail sector

Are we ready to change for the next step? The backbone of mobility

Efficiency

Safety Environment When technology meets environment

SIGNALLING World’s ETCS UNDER THE ALPS Switzerland committed longest rail GOTTHARD BASE to shifting freight from tunnel LEVEL 2 road to rail. TUNNEL The Gotthard Base Tunnel: Trains can stretching for 57km beneath the Alps, travel at up to it is the longest rail tunnel in the world 57KM from The tunnel plays a vital role end to end 250KM/H in reducing the impact of road traffic in the fragile Alpine environment. Accelerating the digital transformation in the railway

Harnessing all core digital technologies

Connectivity & internet of things Big Data Analytics Artificial intelligence Cybersecurity The emergence of new products and services

Harnessing all core digital technologies

Connectivity & internet of things Big Data Analytics Artificial intelligence Cybersecurity Delivering digital transport applications

Train autonomy Data driven operations Predictive maintenance Solutions protected against cyber threats Giving train eyes and a brain Awareness, monitoring and self-driving Train Autonomy Boosted by Thales Group Assets

Ground Transportation Space Automatic Train Operation On-Board systems and Traffic Advance Train positioning Management based on satellites.

Naval Aerospace Acoustic system Advanced sensors for Train Integrity and detection Monitoring.

Digital Factory Big Data & Safe Cyber Decision using Communication Artificial Intelligence & Cyber security A smarter and connected train control system

In Main Lines, Connected Driver Advisory “Green CBTC” optimization with SelTrac®

EXAMPLE: MODERNISING THE LONDON In operation since Jubilee and UNDERGROUND Nothern lines 1863 already in service UNDERGROUND

One of the world’s busiest metros Driverless Metro in Dubai Driverless ST operation METRO IN THE 1GULF REGION WINNING HEARTS The centrepiece of a 7% AND MINDS successful programme Increase to combat congestion in ridership IN DUBAI and boost productivity in 2016 in one of the world’s fastest-growing cities. Intelligence that perfects travelers’ experience

Connected Journey Door to door Continuous connectivity, information, and on-line services Towards flexibility & intermodal urban mobility What are the benefits? Added value for multiple stakeholders

Efficiency Safety

Environment Thank you! The world’s first Hydrogen Train: The use of fuel cells in rail transport InnoTrans 2016 – Weltweite Premiere des Wasserstoffzuges Coradia iLint

© ALSTOM SA, 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authorisation, is strictly prohibited Ab 16.09.2018: Zwei Vorserienfahrzeuge im Fahrgasteinsatz in Niedersachsen

Cuxhaven

Bremerhaven Buxtehude

Bremervörde (H2-Tankstelle)

◼ Echter Fahrgasteinsatz im Alltag ◼ Betrieb durch EVB, unterstützt durch LNVG ◼ Beweis der Alltagstauglichkeit ◼ Erfahrungen sammeln für optimiertes Serienfahrzeug

Leiser Zugelassen 0% als vergleichbare Dieselfahrzeuge von vom Eisenbahnbundesamt CO2-Emissionen

1.000 KM Reichweite Erster Vertrag Im Einsatz über 14 Fahrzeuge unterschrieben 2017

© ALSTOM SA, 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authorisation, is strictly prohibited Ein guter Ausblick in die Zukunft: grüner Strom für grüne Mobilität ohne Emissionen

© ALSTOM SA, 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authorisation, is strictly prohibited Status heute: Der Markt verlangt verstärkt nach emissionsfreien Lösungen Unterschrieb ◼ Niedersachsen: en 14 Züge, 09. Nov 2017 Betriebsaufnahme ◼ EndeNordrhein 2021/2022- Westfalen:

Erneute ◼ Großes Ausschreibung Interesse aus über ca. 50 Züge anderen Bundesländern ◼ Hessen: 26 Züge bis Ende 2022

◼ Baden-Württemberg: 10 Züge bis Ende 2022 Weltweit (plus Option über 5 Züge) großes Interesse

© ALSTOM SA, 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authorisation, is strictly prohibited www.alstom.com Dieseltechnologie wird durch Wasserstoff- und Brennstoffzellentechnologie ersetzt

◼ Elektrisches Antriebssystem

◼ Primärenergie durch Brennstoffzellen

◼ Zwischenspeicherung mit Li-Ionen-Batterien ... ▪ …für zusätzliche Beschleunigung ▪ ...für die Rückgewinnung von Bremsenergie

Kombinierter Antrieb und Energiespeichersystem

© ALSTOM SA, 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authorisation, is strictly prohibited BOMBARDIER TALENT 3 Battery Train WHAT IS A „BATTERY TRAIN“?

A Battery Train allows for emission-free and catenary-free Operation on Railway lines by using High Performance Traction Batteries. WHAT IS A „BATTERY TRAIN“?

The roof-mounted Traction Batteries supply sufficient energy and power to propell the train for distances between 40 and 80 km. WHAT IS A „BATTERY TRAIN“?

The Re-Charge of the Train takes places via the Overhead line/ Catenary with up to 1 Mega Watt. The Re-Charge only takes 7 … 10 Minutes. Bombardier’s bridging battery solution

Solution = Battery EMU (BEMU) with traction batteries

= Modular traction batteries

Product and technology

▪ Fully electric train, fitted with MITRAC Traction Batteries ▪ Battery capacity targeted to cover non-electrified section of 40 km to 100 km* ▪ Capable of replacing diesel trains on partly- and non-electrified railway lines ▪ Proven traction battery technology ▪ Easy to implement solution – the start of e-mobility on non-electrified regional railway lines! ▪ Full authorization and homologation according to TSI

*Demonstrator range: 40 km; BT targets higher range of up to 100 km for upcoming Series application, Optimisation between battery capacity and infrastructure required for each Scenario

MITRAC is a trademark of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries THE POTENTIAL FOR BATTERY TRAINS IN GERMANY

Status Quo Scenario „all terminus stations will be electrified“ for Re- Charge

▪ 144 (32 %) of 450 „Diesel Lines“ ▪ 337 (75 %) of 450 „Diesel Lines can be operated with Battery can be operated with Battery Trains as per today Trains Alternative propulsion concepts

H2 Hydrog Batter en Existing Vehicle cost 100None: % ~ 130 Electri~ 110 Catenar~ 130y (standard 3-car train) StationFuel DieselDiesel¹ % ¹ Catenar% %y/ Infrastructure Celland~ c Train Electri stationsTrain~ 1.0 1.2…3 ~ 0,55y Chargin~ 0,65 Energy cost infrastruTrain (EMU) c Train existing€/km Mediucture.0 €/km €/kmg Maintenance cost (BEMUStation High needed€/kmm ² Low Low Efficiency Very ) (well-to-wheel) Low Low High High CO2 emissions [kgCO2 eq/km/seat] 0.021 ³ 0.06 ³ 0.014 ³ 0.018 ³

³TU Berlin CO2 Study, 2017; German Rail Energy Mix 2015 (ca. 30 % renewable ¹Assumptions energy), H2 generation via Electrolysis; Boundary conditions: Mileage: 150,000 km/ year; ²NOW/ Ernst&Young 2016, Excluding taxes, margins, administrative cost etc. Electricity price: 0.13 €/kWh; Diesel price: 1.0 €/km; H2 price: 2.5 … 10 €/kg „PLUG & PLAY“ RETROFIT OF THE MITRAC TRACTION INTO THE TALENT 3 BATTERY-EMU (BEMU)

59 THE TALENT 3 BEMU IS ALREADY UP & RUNNING – COMMERCIAL SERVICE STARTS IN 2019 TALENT 3 BEMU launch

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Sept. 2016: Project Start

- Development - Production of Pre-Series Vehicle

- Type Testing & Homologation (TSI LOC & PAS) Q2/2019: German Homologation

- 12 months passenger operation with DB in Baden Württemberg (Germany) Project Partners:

TALENT is a trademark of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries Get ready for battery technology with Bombardier solutions

Conclusion Next steps ▪ Electric and Battery electric propulsion is ▪ Homologation & 12-month passenger technically feasible and available today operation of the TALENT 3 BEMU ▪ Optimization and case-specific optimization ▪ Feasibility Studies for further applications in between Vehicle, Operation and Germany and Worldwide Infrastructure is always necessary ▪ Adaptation of operational and infrastructural ▪ Energy Costs play a decisive role in the boundary conditions for Battery Trains multi-parameter system ▪ Further optimization of Battery Train and the ▪ Traction battery has clear efficiency Super System advantages compared to Diesel and ▪ Bombardier is constantly looking for new Hydrogen Trains partners and applications – PLEASE FEEL ▪ Bombardier is demonstrating FREE TO CONTACT US! TALENT 3 BEMU in September 2018!

TALENT is a trademark of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries Thank you for your kind attention!

Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug- Anwendungen

Knorr-Bremse Group Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Kundenorientierung – Connected Systems steigern den Mehrwert für unsere Kunden

Wischer- und Einstiegssysteme Leistungselektrik Klimasysteme Waschsysteme Innentüren

Bremssysteme Zugsteuerungs- und Traktionssysteme Hilfsbetriebeumrichter Modernisierungsservice -managementsysteme und Support

Knorr-Bremse Group 2 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Produktfokus: Klimasysteme

STANDORTE ÜBERBLICK

Madrid Gründungsjahr: 1963 Sydney Wien Angestellte: 1,310 Westminster Marktanteil: ~20% Wuxi 100,000 Geräte in täglichem Betrieb

KURZBESCHREIBUNG

▪ Führendes Unternehmen für Klima-Integral- Lösungen für Fahrzeugbauer und Betreiber ▪ Entwicklung, Design, Herstellung, Installation und Service von Heizungs-, Klima- und Lüftungssystemen für alle Arten von Schienenfahrzeugen

Knorr-Bremse Group 3 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Klimaanlagen sind verantwortlich für bis zu 30% des Jahresenergieverbrauchs eines Zuges1. Energieeffiziente Eigenschaften reduzieren ihn. 2006 2018

Energieeffiziente Eigenschaften: Leistungsregelung über Heißgasbypass Leistungsregelung über Heißgasbypass Drehzahlgesteuerte Leistungsregelung Frischluftregelung Frischluftregelung 100% 91% 71% Jahres Energie

*SimulationVerbrau mit demch* Knorr-Bremse Energy Tool, Verbrauchsprofil Regionalzug, Wetterdaten: Berlin

Beispiele des Zuganteils des Metro (Serie 7000) 12% Energieverbrauchs durch 34% “Spanische Stiftung für die LRV (Citadis 302) 17% Bahn”. Regional (Serie 449) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Friktion Beleuchtung/ Beschleunigen und Bremsen Aerodinamischer Widerstand Andere Klimaanlage Umsetzung der Oberleitung Knorr-Bremse Group 1Quelle ZEVrail 139 (2015): “Anwendung des DB-Energy-Verbrauchs-Zyklys DC2013 für Klimaanlagen in Schienenfahrzeugen” │4 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Die Verschärfung der Vorschriften im Rahmen des Umweltschutzes hat die Entwicklung von Lösungen mit alternativen Kältemitteln beschleunigt. Situation Folgen und Auswirkungen auf den Markt HFKW1 Kältemittelleckagen tragen zum Treibhauseffektbei. Kältemittellieferanten reduzieren die im Markt EU2 und Internationale Normen regulieren die imMarkt verfügbaren Mengen. erlaubten Mengen von HFKW. Preisanstieg der „herkömmlichen“ Kältemittel. Diese Auflage hat große Auswirkungen in der EU in 2018, und wird Steigerung der Wartungskosten für Betreiber. auch in Australien, USA und Russland in 2024 und in China in Ungewisse Verfügbarkeit. 2036 in Kraft treten. Europäische Union Kigali Amendment Industrieländer Der Pfad zum globalen stufenweisen Entwicklungsländer: Abbau von K-FKW. 15 Oktober 2016 Gruppe 1 Gruppe 2 €40 Australia, USA, Russia, Japan R407c 100% China, South America 93 90 90 90 “Drop IN” India, Saudi Arabia €30 80% 80 R134a 70 70 60% 63 60 €20 50 45 40% 31 30 €10 24 21 20 20

20% 15 Quantity)

(% of Baseline of (% 15

(Price per Kg of Kg per (Price refrigerant) 0% €0

Knorr-Bremse Group 1HFKW: Fluor-Kohlenwasserstoffe 2EU: Europa │5 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Merak reagierte in 2017 mit einer Strategie, die kurz-, mittel- und langfristige Initiativen beinhaltet.

Gestartete Aktionen Status Untersuchung von “Drop In“1 Kältemitteln. “Drop In“ Testergebnisse Ermittlung langfristiger Optionen für natürlicheKältemittel. “Drop in“ Kältemittel können für bestehende und 2010 2018 2020 2022 neue Fahrzeuge verwendet werden und das Prototypes Treibhauspotenzial senken (bis zu ½). R407c R134a Die Kühlleistung liegt innerhalb von 5% der

OPTION 0 existierenden Systeme. (A1 “drop in” : Für vorhanden Fahrzeuge muss der korrekte R513a, R449..) 1234yf Nachrüstungsprozess durchgeführt werden. ? Natürliche Kältemittel OPTION 1a OPTION 1b Es gibt zwei Optionen: CO2 undLuft. 1) (Air Cycle. GWP 0) CO2 (A1, GWP Wir haben die thermodynamische Leistung von CO2 OE Systemen mit CO2 und Luft in Simulierungen Erkenntnisse verglichen. “Drop In” Kältemittel sind bisher Übergangslösungen. Natürliche Kältemittel führen zu teureren, schwereren und ineffizienteren Systemen aber unterliegen keinen Regelungen. Knorr-Bremse Group 1Drop In: Mischung herkömmlicher Kältemittel (R134a) und HFO (R1234yf) │6 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Eine von uns durchgeführte Simulationsstudie hat ergeben, dass CO2 vom Standpunkt der Thermodynamik eine bessere Lösung ist als Air Cycle Technologie.

Simulationsstudie Andere Faktoren Es wird eine großzügige Effizienz für Kompressor/Turbinen der Lieferkette

Luftsysteme angenommen (0.85/0.9). CO2 Kompressoren für andere CO2 Kompressor Effizienz basiert auf Herstelleraussagen(0.5). Anwendungen sind im Markt verfügbar (Supermärkte, Industrie, Gebäude). AIR CO2 3,5 Air Cycle Turbinen sind Nischenprodukte mit 3,0 einer sehr limitierten Lieferkette. 2,5

O 2,0

C P 1,5 Andere Faktoren 1,0 0,5 CO hat2 technische Herausforderungen im 0,0 Cooling (Tamb=35ºC) Cooling (Tamb=25ºC) Heating (Tamb=-5ºC) Vergleich zu derzeitigen Geräten aufgrunddes höheren Drucks; dies muss für Wartungs- aktivitäten in Betracht gezogen werden. Erkenntnisse Bei gleicher Platzanforderung ist CO effizienterals CO2 und Luft sind immun gegen 2 Kältemittelvorschriften. Luftkreislauf. Langzeit-Lebenszykluskosten für beide Es gibt keinen thermodynamischen Grund, die Technologien sind noch einzuholen. Lufttechnologie weiter zu verfolgen. Knorr-Bremse Group COP: Coefficient of Performance: Verhältnis von Nutzleistung zur benötigten Antriebsleistung │7 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Alternativlösungen wurden von Merak auf ihre Leistungsfähigkeit untersucht: CO2 ist die beste Alternative zur bestehenden Technologie.

R407c R134a

Chemische Alternativen Natürliche Alternativen A1: A1: Air Cycle: 3 Drop in R513a, CO2 CO2 GWP 1 Air Cycle GWP 0 R449 R744 R729

Beschreibung Technologieprinzip wie heute mit Konfiguration wie heute aber mit CO2 Neue Technologie, kein auf dem Markt gemischten Alternativkältemitteln als Kältemittel. erhältliches Standardprodukt.

Vergleich (zu heute) Geschätze Kosten 100% 130% 150% Bauraum 100% 100% > 100% Gewicht 100% 128%(Zone II und III EN13129)2 > 100% Energieverbrauch 100% 102%(Zone II und III EN13129)2 150% LCC1 Effekt + ++ + (Verfügbarkeits- und Lieferrisiko)

Vor-/Nachteile Bekannte Technologie, effizient, Verfügbare Lieferkette. Kein druckdichter Kreislauf. Löst kann Vorhandenes ersetzen Löst das GWP Problem das GWP Problem Verbessert das Treibhauseffekt- Höheres Gewicht. Effizienz für Begrenzte Lieferkette verfügbar, Problem, aber löst es nicht. Südeuropa muss verbessert Kerntechnologie nur über Dritte. werden. Geringere Effizienz.

Knorr-Bremse Group 1LCC-Life Cycle Cost - Lebenslaufkosten 2Zone II und III bz. auf Mittel- und Nordeuropa 3GWP: Global Warming Potential- Treibhauspotential │8 Energieeffiziente und umweltfreundliche Kältemittel für Schienenfahrzeug-Anwendungen

Merak CO2 Klimaanlagen kombinieren unsere Erfahrung in Energieeffizienz mit den Vorteilen eines natürlichen Kältemittels

HKL751 Feldversuche

Nr Projekt Beschreibung CO2 ist eine verfügbare Technologie; Merak hat installierte Prototypen und ist zur Serienproduktion bereit. 1 VT642 • Klimagerät geliefert in 2015 Probe- • Im Einsatz für Probeläufe und zug Passagierverkehr

2 VT642 • Klimagerät geliefert in 2016 Ecotrain

3 DoSto • Doppelstockfahrzeug Baden- CO2 Württemberg

Knorr-Bremse Group │9 Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

Dr. Peter Radina, Member of the ManagingBoard KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für SchienenfahrzeugeGmbH

Knorr-Bremse Group Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018

Dr. Stefan Spindler CEO Industrial and Member of the Executive Board Schaeffler in facts – Strong partner for Automotive and Industrial Customers

Strong organic growth Strong customer base Nearly with approx. 5% p.a. 72 plants Ø Sales growth 2006-2017 2,400 11,800 patents filed in 2017 18 R&D centers customers

Far more than 10,000 different products

More than 170 locations in 50 countries

More than 1.1 m Balanced revenue mix tons of processed steel p.a. 90,000 14 bn EUR employees worldwide 1) Global Sales 2017 1) As at December 31, 2017

76 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler Basis for strategic direction – Four focus areas

Mobility for tomorrow

77 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler The Schaeffler Smart EcoSystem as strategic framework for Railway 4.0

The Schaeffler Smart EcoSystem …

reflects a flexible, scalable and holistic business model for I4.0 combines engineering-based Schaeffler expert knowledge with algorithm-based data modelling offers open interfaces for internal and external Cloud-to-Cloud solutions

Railway 4.0 Condition Monitoring Rail Wheelset Generator Bearing for freight Data Matrix Code for 78 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler traceability Using Rail Condition Monitoring System (CMS) System to improve the overall availability

Concept for digitalized condition monitoring of wheelset bearings

Schaeffler supports its customers throughout all levels of digital value creation from the sensor to the cloud.

New, railway specific condition monitoring system for predictive maintenance  Automatic bearing diagnostics (Remaining useful life – RUL)  Calculation of remaining grease lifetime based on operation conditions (Grease- RUL)  Security standard SIL for temperature measuring  Ready for cloud-based and on-board applications

79 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler Schaeffler Reconditioning improves the operating costs and reduces the CO2 emission

The Schaeffler Reconditioning…

 increases the overall availability of your fleet by significantly reducing through put time in maintenance

 enhances your life cycle costs

 supports the opportunity of increased maintenance intervals

 needs to be close to the operators Recon  saves resources compared to new Turns a used bearing into an as good as bearings new bearing  CO2 equivalents: - 96.1 % For CO2 calculation: exemplary calculation based on a Schaeffler Cylindrical Roller Bearing 80 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler  Electrical Power: - 94.6 % The 100% Return Concept improves the vehicle maintenance process

The Schaeffler 100% Return Concept…

5 non reusable bearings  ensures that the customers receives same number of units as he has provided Operator A Reconditioning Operator A Workshop  will highly reduce the downtime 50 bearings 50 bearings of your fleet during maintenance (from weeks to days)

Operator B Operator B  increases your free cash flow by reducing your outlay for 40 bearings 40 bearings Pool of reconditioned bearings from stockholding and replenishment various customers . .  offers you immediate availability . . of spare parts in case of . . unforeseen events

 offers you the same warranties 5 new bearings for new and reconditioned

Icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com bearings 81 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler The Data Matrix Code increases the overall process efficiency

The Data Matrix Code… Cloud Data Connect  increases customer’s process efficiency (incoming goods inspection, assembly, configuration management for the train)

 immediate access to traceability information Data Matrix Code  Schaeffler – production Railway Operator process incl. quality characteristics Distance Loading Bearing Process Traveled profile  Customer – vehicle condition tracking configuration incl. operating history Status Travel Measuring Maintenance Messages Profile 82 data history 82  offers sound basis to extend 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler maintenance intervals Summary

Small intelligent innovation like Data Matrix Code and 1 100% Return Concepts can highly improve the vehicle maintenance process

Reconditioning is one contribution from Schaeffler to reduce operating 2 costs for vehicles and lowering CO2 footprint OUR CONTRIBUTION

TO STRENGTHEN  Continuous and trustful collaboration by using common data base opens RAILWAY OPERATORS 3 the door to extend maintenance intervals and significantly improve the efficiency of railway operators

Railway Condition Monitoring will introduce the next step 4 in condition based maintenance concepts for vehicle subsystems

83 19.09.2018 Dialog Forum @ InnoTrans 2018 - Dr. S. Spindler Thank you for your attention!

Dr. Stefan Spindler CEO Industrial and Member of the Executive Board Railway Transport 4.0 – Innovation within the railway industry for more climate protection and more customer quality Schiene 4.0 – Innovationen der Bahnindustrie für mehr Klimaschutz und mehr Kundenqualität InnoTrans Convention Palais am Funkturm, 19th September 2018