Flexible Demand?

Volume 32 Number 2 An interview with Angus McNeil MP Chairman of the Energy & Climate Change Select Committee December 2015 Wind works Matthew Knight, Siemens The value of flexibility in achieving low carbon energy Professor Goran Strbac, Imperial College ENERGY FOCUS

Keeping the Christmas Lights on - Flexible demand? Goran Strbac from Imperial College explains the importance and value of flexibility in supporting cost-effective transition to lower carbon energy future on Page 6

This is not an official publication of the House of Commons or the House of Lords. It has not been approved by either House or its committees. All-Party Parliamentary Groups are informal groups of Members of both Houses with a common interest in particular issues. The views expressed in Energy Focus are those of the individual organisations and contributors and do not necessarily represent the views held by the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies. The journal of The All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies Established in 1980, the Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies remains the only All-Party Parliamentary Group representing the entire energy industry. We champion cross-sector energy research and development. The Group’s membership is comprised of over 100 parliamentarians, 100 associate bodies from the private, public and charity sectors and a range of individual members.

Published three times a year, Energy Focus records the Group’s activities, tracks key energy and environmental developments through parliament, presents articles from leading industry contributors and provides insight into the views and interests of both parliamentarians and officials. Executive Council

Disclaimer: The views expressed in Energy Focus are those of individual organisations and contributors and do not necessarily represent the views held by members of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies. Contents

Foreword 3 Ian Liddell–Grainger MP, Chairman of PGES

Wind Energy Works 4 Matthew Knight BEng, CEng, MIET, Director of Energy Strategy and Government Affairs, Siemens plc (NOVEMBER SPEAKER MEETING)

The Role and value of flexibility 6 Professor Goran Strbac, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College (NOVEMBER SPEAKER MEETING)

An Interview with Angus Brendan MacNeil 8

Solving the climate challenge – Thoughts on COP21 10 Stefaan Simons, IChemE Energy Centre Chair and Professor of Energy Systems at Brunel University London

Cornwall Energy Analysis of RESET 12

Extracts from the Queen’s Speech 15

Extract from the Autumn Statement 16 The Rt Hon George Osborne MP, Chancellor of the Exchequer

Extracts from the Energy Reset Statement 17 The Rt Hon Amber Rudd MP

Departmental Statements 18 Written and oral statements

Parliamentary Record 20 Select Committees, oral questions, debates and legislation

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Printed in Great Britain by First Colour Ltd, London. 2 CHAIRMAN’S FOREWORD

Welcome to a new session of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies. There have been some changes in Westminster that I would like to summarise.

We are now an All-Party Parliamentary Group. Due to the new rules set by the Committee on Standards, there are no longer any Associate Groups. What this means to you as members is very little, except that at our AGM and EGMs, only Parliamentarians are allowed to vote. However, we intend to run our group much as before, allowing industry and academia to express their views at those meetings, so that any vote is taken based on knowledge. Memberships will continue unchanged with Associate members from industry and academia, Individual and Life members by invitation and Parliamentarians.

We use the new APPG logo and are following the new rules on publication of information, see our website www.pges.org.uk.

With this edition, we are resuming the publication of Energy Focus, I hope you will continue to find it a valuable source of information, with its insight in articles from our Speaker meetings, submitted by sponsors and authoritative reports, as well as the Parliamentary Record section. All-Party Parliamentary Groups have all fallen under much more close scrutiny. As PGES has always run as an open and transparent body, this presents us with no extra challenges. Our system of accounting and auditing is as exacting as in business.

On top of that, we have a new secretariat. We have opted for an individual to act as the Secretariat. Matthew Gordon, of Tamesis Services Ltd, will be our Administrator, working as the PGES. He is not new to the Group, as he has been a member for over ten years and has served on the Executive Council for many of those, so he has a real understanding of the needs of industrial and other members. I would like to thank Bellenden for running the group for the last few years. Under their watch, our membership has increased and we are financially secure. I would also like to welcome Matthew in his new role and wish him every success.

We are always delighted to hear from members, so please do share your thoughts and feedback by emailing our new editor, Matthew Gordon, at [email protected].

Have a wonderful Christmas and New Year and I look forward to seeing you all at the annual House of Lords dinner on 1st February 2016.

Ian Liddell-Grainger MP Chairman of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies

3 WIND ENERGY WORKS Matthew Knight BEng, CEng, MIET, Director of Energy Strategy and Government Affairs, Siemens plc [email protected]

NOVEMBER SPEAKER MEETING: Address to the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies

The world must stop emitting These blades drive electricity greenhouse gases. This requires generators based on principles fundamental changes to our laid down by British engineers economies. Every country such as Faraday and Maxwell. wanting to be competitive in the Today, the latest permanent low carbon world must look at magnet generators are designed costs and not others. It results the low carbon energy resources in Sheffield, the power converters in a price that is insufficient, on available to it. Fortunately for the at Keele in Staffordshire. its own, to build any type of new UK, our latitude and geography power station. has a great renewable resource A modern wind turbine repays Our market is a set of levers with – wind. all the energy used in its manufacture in around half a Government on the end of some Air is invisible and powerful. year. This means wind farms of them. Investors know that Just an armful of air weighs a have lifecycle greenhouse gas the market will deliver exactly kilogram. The energy produced emissions less than 100th of those what it is programmed to do. is proportional to the cube of the from a coal fired power station. When that turns out not to be wind speed. This means that even what Government wants, it will slightly windier sites can deliver a Good sites in the UK deliver load inevitably reconfigure the market lot more energy and wind speeds factors well over 30%, so that last to favour something else. in the UK are among the highest year wind provided 10% of all the in Europe. electricity used in the UK. But energy investments typically take a couple of parliaments to Modern wind turbines build Weather forecasting means develop, consent and build, then on foundations of science and wind energy output can be operate for another 5 or more. engineering. Wing-like blades accurately predicted, making it That’s why political risk is so have replaced sails. The tip of a relatively easy to integrate into significant for energy long after modern turbine blade moves at our electricity system. National the politicians have gone. 180 miles per hour, much slower Grid can predict tomorrow’s wind nearer the hub, hence its twisting power more accurately than Trying to hold a “fair” competition shape. Advanced aerodynamic tomorrow’s electricity demand. between gas, nuclear, solar, design more complex than that of The idea that there is spinning coal and wind generation is an aeroplane wing allows these fossil back up for wind is just a like trying to hold a fair race blades to start to turn in a gentle dinner party myth. Wind works - between horses, camels and breeze we hardly notice, and and the cost of wind energy has greyhounds. Choosing the survive a storm that would knock fallen at least 40% each decade. length of the race favours one or us over. the other. Handicapping them When I hear talk of “letting the differently to allow them to run The blades on a 7MW wind energy market decide” between in the same race just slows them turbine are twice the length of an generation technologies, I fear all down. We know we need a aeroplane wing, weigh 25 tonnes a misunderstanding of how the mixture of technologies. We and are designed to go round 150 wholesale electricity market should run separate races and million times. They are lighter and works. There is no “natural” use competition to find the best more flexible, yet built for less market for electricity. It is a horses, the best camels and the than 100th of the cost of a wing. set of rules that includes some best greyhounds. Government

4 has the tools to do that. What’s more of it. In addition, this is the Purpose built “jack-up” missing is an indication of which best place to build offshore wind installation vessels can operate races will be run and when. but why do we need to do that as in rougher weather. Companies well as onshore? There are three like Siemens and Vestas have The Committee on Climate main reasons; reliability, diversity invested billions of Euros in new Change recently stated that wind and scale. wind turbine designs, resulting in energy should be regarded as step-changes in cost. subsidy free below £85/MWh. - More consistent winds offshore That figure includes £10 to cover provide higher load factors (they For example, Siemens’ 7MW wind the cost of intermittency. The generate at full power for greater turbine generates more than twice CfD auction at the turn of this periods of time). The newest the energy of its predecessor, is year already awarded contracts to offshore wind farms deliver a third lighter per MW and has onshore wind farms at below that annual load factors around 50%. half the number of parts, reducing price. Projects such as Dogger Bank offshore maintenance. The have the potential to be even offshore substation used a design We can expect further cost higher. Higher load factors reduce that saves 40% of the cost. reduction. Not least if we relax the cost of integrating wind into arbitrary planning restrictions the electricity system. We know this cost reduction can on tip height which would allow continue but it requires a visible the UK to use technology already - The geographic spread of future pipeline of projects to make deployed on the continent, offshore wind farms extends further investments. We know the knocking another few pounds off further than we could achieve on UK will probably need offshore the price. land. This increases the number wind. We know we can get the of days when wind is strong cost down to a subsidy-free level What is the impact on customer enough to generate somewhere, by the mid 2020s, if we have a bills? Payments to all existing again reducing the cost of pipeline. We are waiting to see if wind farms cost the average integration. the Government also recognises customer around £25 last year – this. for that 10% of all their electricity. - By 2030 we need to substantially Polling tells us that on average decarbonise our electricity Creating skilled jobs in coastal people assume they pay 14 times production. Coal will be switched towns more than this in subsidy and still off by the early 2020s and we can’t The offshore wind industry is onshore wind remains popular allow ourselves to burn much delivering significant industrial (66% support, Nov 2015). unabated gas by 2030. That needs large scale sources of low-carbon benefits too. It employs over Around 58% of that £25 headline electricity. Offshore wind farms 13,000 people in UK already figure came straight back to bill are not constrained for size in the and that could rise to 50,000 by payers due to the “merit order way they are onshore. It is hard 2030. The number of jobs and the effect”. i.e the wholesale price is to see any viable scenario for the speed of cost reduction will be reduced when wind displaces the UK’s needs that does not involve maximised if Government is clear most expensive generation. significant offshore wind as part of about future policy. a balanced mix. So the subsidies paid to wind Siemens has created over farms in the past have brought us Potential for further cost 1,000 jobs in offshore wind in to the point where new onshore reduction the last four years. We will wind is close to subsidy free. employ a further 1,000 at the That’s exactly what subsidies Offshore wind is at an earlier Greenport Hull site which is now were there for. New wind farms stage of development than under construction – if there is will bring down future bills. onshore and the potential to get continuity. costs down further is significant. The challenge for Government Offshore wind in the UK is barely Nature has blessed us with a and industry is to explain that a decade old. In that time we have great resource and wind is already wind still needs what is known as gone from small projects close to contributing 10% of the nation’s a Contract for Difference to make shore, to huge sites well beyond electricity. It will be a vital part of up for structural features of the the horizon. Cost reduction has our energy future. Government wholesale electricity market but come from a range of factors. needs to recognise this clearly too that is not a subsidy. so that the industry can invest to Increasing the size of offshore bring down costs and maximise Onshore wind works, it is popular, wind farms reduces installation the industrial and environmental it is low cost and we should do time and cost per turbine. benefits.

5 THE ROLE AND VALUE OF FLEXIBILITY

Professor Goran Strbac, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College Chair in Electrical Energy Systems [email protected]

NOVEMBER SPEAKER MEETING: Address to the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Energy Studies

The UK electricity system is and other low carbon distributed are: (i) demand-side response (ii) facing exceptional challenges generation will displace energy energy storage technologies (iii) in the coming decades. In produced by conventional plant, flexible generation technologies, order to achieve climate but their ability to displace (iv) network solutions such as change mitigation objectives, capacity will be very limited. reinforcements and investment the electricity sector should Our analysis suggests that the in interconnection, transmission considerably reduce the utilisation of generation and and/or distribution networks carbon emission by 2030, network will halve by 2030. (Figure 1). which will be achieved through Furthermore, efficient real- intensive expansion of the time demand-supply balancing In the analysis carried out on use of low carbon electricity with a significant penetration Climate Change Committee generation technologies, such of intermittent renewable scenarios, we demonstrated as renewables, nuclear and generation and increased that levels of flexibility would potentially Carbon Capture contribution from less flexible low significantly affect the cost- and Storage (CCS), while carbon generation will become optimal low-carbon generation 1 incorporating segments of heat another major challenge. In mix . This revealed markedly and transport sectors into the this context, system flexibility different generation mixes, electricity system. will be a core to facilitating depending on the level of cost effective evolution to lower flexibility that may be available. From the system integration carbon energy future. The key The optimal generation mixes perspective, one major concerns flexible technologies that can for the cases of low, medium and is associated with degradation enhance the utilisation of the high flexibility are shown in Figure in generation and network asset assets and efficiency of operation 2 for both 50 gCO2/kWh and 100 utilisation, as wind generation of future low carbon systems gCO2/kWh emission targets.

6 We observe that with a low level of flexibility in the system the technologies chosen to deliver a decarbonised electricity system are primarily nuclear and to a lesser extent CCS. No wind or PV generation is selected as part of the optimal generation portfolio, suggesting that despite having lower levelised costs their whole- system cost is comparatively higher than that of nuclear. In the other extreme case, where a high level of flexibility is available, we observe a massive shift in the generation mix towards renewable technologies, with more than 90GW of wind and PV capacity, reflecting the reduced integration cost of renewable generation technologies enabled Figure 1: Flexible technologies by enhanced flexibility. Nuclear capacity is still present, although kWh is achieved by increasing This clearly demonstrates that with a far lower volume, while the amount of nuclear plant increasing system flexibility CCS is not selected at the capacity, while in the high can significantly reduce assumed technology costs, flexibility scenario this would system integration costs of given that the additional system be achieved by increasing the low-carbon technologies. In flexibility makes wind and PV capacity of renewable generation. this context, development of more cost-effective from the Gross benefits of flexibility are efficient market mechanism system perspective considering reflected in the reduced cost of that would appropriately reward their reduced integration costs. reaching a given emission target: flexibility will be critically cost savings of around £4.5bn important for facilitating cost- Note that in the medium flexibility per annum for 100 gCO2/kWh effective decarbonisation of scenario, reducing emissions scenario and around £6bn per the GB electricity system. from 100 gCO2/kWh to 50 gCO2/ year for 50 gCO2/kWh scenario. Further analysis carried out demonstrated growing value in flexibility for end consumers in future, as energy bills of flexible consumers may be only 30% to 50% of these for inflexible consumers beyond 2030. In other words, consumers’ electricity bills in future may be very driven by the way the electricity consumed, more than by the amount of electricity consumed. In this context the integration of whole-sale and retail markets, that can be achieved by the roll out of smart meters, will be essential as end consumers will, by making choices, finally drive the development of energy industry. Figure 2: Impact of system flexibility on optimal generation mix for 50 and 100 g/kWh targets in 2030

1 Value of flexibility in a decarbonised grid and system externalities of low-carbon generation technologies”, Imperial College, ctoberO 2015

7 AN INTERVIEW WITH ANGUS BRENDAN MACNEIL (NA H-EILEANAN AN IAR) (SNP)

After six months in the Chair of the Energy and Climate Change Select Committee comprising all new members, we ask how best PGES and its Members can work with the Committee.

What are your aims and pursuit of those issues. There’s on security of supply. Secure aspirations? (as Chairman) huge potential for us to look supplies have certainly been in-depth at big policies, get on our agenda over the past It’s been six months now since ahead of the Government with couple of weeks, with National I was elected Chair of the certain agendas and of course Grid issuing a NISM in early Energy and Climate Change act quickly to hold Ministers to November. But we want to Select Committee, and my account when big news breaks. ensure that as one aspect of aims and aspirations have to a In the Chair I’m keen to bring in the trilemma is considered, certain extent been shaped and colleagues whenever possible the others aren’t neglected. So influenced by what has happened during public evidence sessions – for example when we called in during that period. I naturally building momentum but keeping National Grid in to give evidence wanted to build up a sense of contributions short and to the a few weeks after that NISM was trust and good relations with point. I want Members taking issued, we were particularly keen Committee colleagues, leading up each other’s points and to explore with them the cost to on some points, listening on running with them. But I want consumers of maintaining power others. But it’s been interesting the Committee to have a voice supplies, given the suggestion to put those aims to the test in away from the horseshoe, too. So that the system might be open the light of events: Government we’ll be working to engage with to gaming or manipulation by policy changes, the priorities of the sector and with the public unscrupulous generators. those in the energy sector and whenever we can, in seminars, What we don’t want to do, the interests and ambitions of visits and on social media, however, is give the Government colleagues. Having spent a good commenting on current issues the chance to simply say in deal of time now with them, I’m but also pursuing some key response to our reports or pleased to say that the positive agendas of our own. In that way I questions, “Well, we’re making working relations we’ve built in think we can really carve out an sure the lights stay on. That’s private have led to some solid, identity for ourselves as a group - our priority.” We need to address effective question sessions in bigger than the sum of its parts. that issue, quite rightly, but public. When I think about who’s also show as constructively as on my Committee, we’ve got What is the direction of travel of we can what effect dealing with people with interests ranging the committee? security of supply might have on from nuclear and solar, through affordability and sustainability. I fuel poverty and climate change, The Committee’s keeping a don’t want a dialogue of the deaf to off-grid connections and the watching brief on emerging with Ministers. I want a positive future of oil and gas. So I hope changes in the department, working relationship with the and expect us to capitalise on particularly. In the light of the Department, as well as with other the group spirit we’ve already Secretary of State’s recent Committee members. begun to develop and apply it in ‘policy reset’ and her emphasis

8 What are his planned inquiries already, such as the Energy jobs - sustainably. But look at and how does he assess Utilities Alliance, the Energy the Government’s announcement progress towards the three Networks Association and that CCS, for example, won’t current inquiries? Cornwall Energy Associates. be funded anymore. And that’s We are increasingly looking to before we consider how they At the moment I’m not thinking organise briefings on topics announced it, buried in a report to past the first three inquiries we’re going to inquire into before the stock market on the same day on the Committee’s stocks we embark on public evidence as the autumn statement. I hope – all chosen after extensive sessions. Informal briefings, Ministers will be brave enough to consultation with people and seminars, looking out for our invest in these new technologies organisations in the sector. This calls for evidence – those are like their predecessors did in was through a call for people’s the ways in which we would hope solar and wind. views on what the Committee’s to work with APPG members as priorities should be, which yielded and when we can. I’m also keen What are your expectations of more than 200 written responses, to try and get feedback from the Paris COP 21 meeting? and a stakeholder forum, to our stakeholders on how we are which we invited 60 guests. Those I’m cautiously optimistic about doing. It would be great to hear discussions generated three clear Paris. We know Copenhagen from your associate members inquiries: on energy efficiency, failed because it was the about what we’re doing well and investor confidence and low culmination of a flawed top-down what we could improve on. carbon network infrastructure. process, beginning in Kyoto, [email protected] What with evidence sessions which Governments couldn’t with Ministers and one-off implement. There was also, of Since arriving in Westminster, sessions on other topics, such as course, no obvious leadership what have you seen that security of supply and the future from some of the major emitters. encourages you with regards of oil and gas, only one of those Compare that to this year, to the energy industry? inquiries, energy efficiency, is however, with the joint statement (And, conversely, what that well underway. But the other the U.S. and China issued in discourages you?) two are beginning soon and will September. And add in more carry on into the new year. The The energy industry is already positive noises coming out of Committee has yet to finalise its home to some amazing Brazil and India, and the changes next programme of work, but innovation. People’s ability to in leadership in Canada and some of the subjects currently meet the challenge of finding Australia, and you get a sense on my mind are the fifth carbon secure, affordable and clean that the process has much more budget, low carbon heat, energy replacements for fossil fuels is momentum this time around. It storage, and also scrutinising and astonishing. And this is just the is of course the final step in a ensuring Maximum Economic beginning. It is, as Sir David King bottom-up approach, with a host Return on North Sea resources, told my Committee recently, a of independent nations bringing as well as the energy implications sector where the entrepreneurial their own pre-agreed plans to of any possible UK exit of the EU possibilities are worth billions the table. But we know that if of pounds. But he also said, and we add up all those plans we of course I agree, that private don’t stay within the 2oC limit, so How can our Associate Members research, development and there’s a lot of tough negotiating best be of help to you and demonstration needs a little push to get through over the 10 days your Committee? (Company, from public sector investment. of the Paris talks. We’ll be Academic or others) And I suppose that is where I calling in the Secretary of State My Committee’s always keen to find the most discouragement, on 16 December to discuss the hear from businesses dealing too. I’ll reserve final judgment outcomes of COP21, so between with the changes the Government until the Government come now and then we’ll be keeping has announced, and we have forward with clear plans on how a close eye on developments. I regular briefings on key issues to meet our long term carbon have to say that whatever comes to keep us up to speed. We also budgets, but the fact that this out of Paris it will not be for recognise the importance of probably won’t happen until late want of leadership by the UK on hearing from academics, giving next year is in itself a cause for this issue. But whether given us their view on a broad sweep concern, and for investor anxiety. the policy reset under way, that of policies, or the impact of one Demand and supply-side smart leadership can continue through over a period of time. We have tech, new infrastructure and to COP22 in Morocco and beyond, good working relationships with storage innovations have the well, let’s see what Ministers say. a number of APPG members potential to create wealth and

9 ENERGY FOCUS SPONSORED FEATURE SOLVING THE CLIMATE CHALLENGE – THOUGHTS ON COP21 IChemE Energy Centre Chair and Professor of Energy Systems at Brunel University London, Stefaan Simons, explains why chemical engineering matters in transforming to a low carbon future [email protected]

Governments and other decision- reuse of waste energy; makers are increasingly integration with external becoming aware of the risks energy providers; and need to deliver an effective posed by climate change. Whilst development of technologies. agreement. Any failure to do so the threat is very real and should will have serious consequences. 2. Energy storage and grid not be underestimated, what management with a focus decision-makers really need Effective policy to combat climate on storage and smart grid is expert advice on how best to change needs to be shaped by technologies; and the respond to that threat. three guiding observations: firstly challenges in managing our energy, water, land, and power supply and demand of The Institution of Chemical other natural resource systems renewable energy generation. Engineers (IChemE) Energy are all inter-connected and must Centre offers a source of expert 3. Carbon capture, storage & be consider together; secondly information for policy-makers utilisation (CCSU) with a focus global poverty and inequity and decision-takers on a range on the feasibility of using CCS must be addressed to ensure of energy related challenges. The technology on a large scale; communities are less vulnerable IChemE Energy Centre harnesses and bringing reality to the to the impacts of climate change, chemical engineering skills and promise utilisation strategies. including who should bear its cost; and finally understanding methods to provide evidence- 4. Nuclear with a focus on based information. that these issues of scale, New Build, advanced fuel dynamics and uncertainty across cycles and reactor design; That’s where chemical engineers the broad socio-economic- and waste management and environmental-technical sphere can help. Rather than offering decommissioning. warnings of the dangers posed requires comprehensive system- by global warming, chemical 5. Sustainable bioenergy with analytic tools to de-mystify their engineers can advise decision- a focus on the sustainable complexity and support decision makers on how they can solve the conversion of wastes, non- making. problem. food crops and fast-growing plant-matter; and the water- Policies to combat climate change The IChemE Energy Centre will be energy-food nexus. need to be clear, long-term, publishing recommendations for coherent, and inclusive. They action on five priority topics: must be supported by regulatory The agreement made at COP21 regimes which are evidence- needs to be focused on these based and fit-for-purpose. The 1. Energy efficiency with a solutions. As we set out in the failure at previous conferences focus on minimising energy Communiqué on the next page, and summits to deliver anything consumption for processes; governments meeting in Paris meaningful on climate change

10 demonstrates that the world is the evidence of anthropogenic and afforestation, will decrease, in desperate need of better and emissions of CO2 and other and then remove, our reliance on more effective energy policies. greenhouse gases causing fossil fuels. climate change was unequivocal1. Chemical engineers can help, and While fundamental research the IChemE Energy Centre is the Risks of inaction continues to be important, it is perfect vehicle to do so. Chemical The risks posed by climate vital that we rapidly scale-up the engineers are: change, though complex, are use of existing technologies. All sufficiently well understood technologies – from renewables • globally distributed and to justify action. To date, to CCS and nuclear – will need involved in all parts of the however, we have not responded to play a part in decarbonising energy system appropriately to the gravity of the the global economy. The choices • major contributors to threat. Indeed, since the IPCC’s to be made in deciding between technology innovation and formation in 1988, numerous them are complex; in making deployment conferences and summits have these decisions, system-scale • genuine exponents of systems been held on this issue but costs and interactions have to thinking little has been achieved. In the be fully considered and properly • champions of life cycle same period, atmospheric CO accounted for. thinking to assess which 2 concentrations rose from 350 products and processes are ppm to over 400 ppm. Meaningful action truly sustainable For these technologies to be • business leaders in key The lack of action at previous adopted on a widespread basis, economic sectors conferences and summits means governments need to reach that, at the climate talks in Paris, an agreement at COP21 that Chemical engineers not only governments need to reach an provides the clarity, certainty and understand the problem but can effective, global agreement. incentives to allow businesses, also provide decision-makers Any failure to do so could have communities and individuals to with the tools for mitigating serious adverse effects on human act. climate change. wellbeing and the natural world. Governments, in any agreement, And those tools and solutions are have to commit to a long-term needed now. Responding with what we have carbon target – the UK is alone in to hand the world in having a 2050 goal, The IChemE Energy Centre Responding to the climate whereas other countries look Climate Communiqué challenge is actually very simple. forward in intervals of only four Globally, we derive more than to five years. Governments need We know that climate change is 80% of our energy from fossil to provide confidence in the long- real. Chemical engineers have fuels, which currently results term reliability of these targets the tools to mitigate it and are in vast amounts of CO being 2 – changing course every four or already helping to reduce our emitted into the atmosphere. We five years is profoundly unhelpful. reliance on fossil fuels. need to stop doing this. Any agreement should also specify mechanisms for achieving Human activity and climate change In fact, we already have these agreed targets, including The scientific case around the the technologies needed to a global carbon pricing system, causes of climate change is achieve the target of limiting offset agreements between settled. John Tyndall determined atmospheric CO concentrations 2 governments and provisions that CO was a greenhouse to 450 ppm. Referring to Pacala 2 enabling technology transfer. gas in 1859. Since that time, and Socolow’s concept of CO concentrations have risen “stabilisation wedges”2, adopting 2 If such an agreement can be from approximately 280 parts existing approaches to energy reached in Paris, then the per million (ppm) to over 400 efficiency and conservation, mitigation of climate change is a ppm. It has been demonstrated fuel switching, renewable realistic goal. that our climate is warming energy and energy storage, on Our message is simple: we must and that human activity a widespread basis across all mitigate climate change and (through emissions of CO and sectors (including transport and 2 chemical engineering is part of the other greenhouse gases) is the built environment), when solution, but we must act now. the main cause. In 2014, the combined with carbon capture Intergovernmental Panel on and storage (CCS), nuclear power Climate Change (IPCC) stated that and improved land management

1 Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the 11 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, 2014. 2 Pacala and Socolow, Science, vol 305, 5686, 968–972, 2004. CORNWALL ENERGY ANALYSIS OF RESET System reboot – DECC seeks to “reset” energy policy

On 18 November energy and the prospect of rises in the EU untangle themselves from their climate change secretary Amber Emissions Trading Scheme prices commitments. Rudd finally set out her vision for as a result of the implementation There is also one major caveat the future of the energy market. of the Market Stability Reserve in to the announcement: the policy Billed as a “reset”, the speech 2019. will only be pursued if there was well-timed, just ahead of But coal plant owners seeking is confidence that new build the climate talks in Paris, and to come under the Transitional gas can take up the slack. The some major decarbonisation National Plan (TNP) in the thread of hope offered to the announcements were therefore Industrial Emissions Directive coal fleet by this caveat is that, anticipated. But against the (IED) have still been non- if enough of them delay closure fiscal constraints imposed by committal on when or if they for long enough, it may prevent Treasury, policies would need to will close for several years. The CCGTs from coming through. be frugal. government will hope that placing Perhaps government could yet be What emerged was a much more a firm deadline on closure will convinced that closing all of them fundamental shift in direction crystallise the intentions of coal down is a bad idea. Taking all than that represented by the plant operators this side of 2020. factors in the round that would be tinkering with Electricity Market Returns on investment for IED a gamble. Reform, and Rudd should be compliance before 2020 would A less audacious gamble for coal credited with attempting to set previously have been based on plant is to play on the short-term out a definitive and lasting policy repeatedly securing a decent security margin concerns. If the agenda. But, as we set out in capacity market price and the coal plant fleet now does, as we this Energy Perspective, it is as coal plant delivering power well expect, face accelerated rates yet unclear that the appropriate beyond 2025. Our calculations of closure, it could put undue balance is being struck between show that a capacity market price pressure on security margins available and emerging solutions between £20/kW-25/kW in the before the end of the decade. Coal to achieve the reshuffled policy period to 2030 would have been plant on the cusp of closing as a objectives. sufficient to breakeven on IED result of this policy decision might compliance on current spread well be benefiting from the panic expectations. this will create in government and Ctrl, alt, delete With closure in 2025, IED payback the pressure it places on National Most important among Rudd’s periods will be shortened and Grid to procure a greater share announcements was the perhaps become unviable. Thus, of meeting peak demand through constraining of unabated coal we can expect coal plant owners Supplemental Balancing Reserve after 2023, before the closing to think hard about closing (SBR), potentially running it of all coal plant in 2025. Before ahead of 2020, and perhaps not alongside the capacity market in the speech, confusion on the participating in any other capacity the latter years of this decade. precise timing of coal closures market auctions. This policy has This is not cost free to other was serving to dampen new an air of retrospectivity. It creates market participants, particularly build price signals to other plant. a very specific problem for coal given SBR finds its way into the But it is true that in general the plants that already have sunk cash out price as a £3000/MWh long-term outlook for coal plant costs into IED compliance. In value of lost load – a cost that has become less attractive. The addition, coal plant that secured would ultimately find its way back UK’s carbon price support – three-year agreements in the to the consumer. whilst frozen from now on – has last capacity auction must think bitten into margins, and there is about whether they should

12 Hard drive such as changing the security more challenging given the track standard, adjusting de-rating record of delay for comparable But the prospects of success factors for efficiency or emissions projects in Europe. How for developers for new build performance, reviewing government will deal with this CCGT, whilst improved, are the auction price caps and through reserving portions of the not yet guaranteed. New-build thresholds, or looking at capacity Levy Control Framework (LCF) CCGT has moved from a “catch market agreement length. But not in the future will be an important 22”––uncertainty on when the all of these are easy to rationalise consideration: holding back price signal will come from objectively; some are complex to money for projects that ultimately coal closures––to chicken and implement, some have possible deliver late will squeeze out other egg. They cannot build to allow negative consequences for cost technologies. But, with Hinkley government to close coal plant and security of supply, and may Point C now being more realistic unless they get the price signal, well risk falling foul of legal about its delivery timetable, this but they won’t get the price challenge in any event. an issue for the LCF beyond 2025, signal until coal plant closes. It is and not before. possible that clean spark spreads If state aid risk were considered could respond through higher a real problem, then a range of more subtle actions might be wholesale electricity prices if Plug-ins we see coal plants close in the considered––such as looking at next few years as a result of the how the Emissions Performance New CCGT and nuclear power policy. The risk is that this alone Standard could be better are critical to providing baseload may not provide an early or big utilised. The absence of detail production at a scalable level. Gas enough signal for new build gas or commitment to change the is equally essential for delivering to substitute for closing coal, so capacity market in Rudd’s speech flexibility. But proponents of risking supply security. suggests various options are energy storage and demand side under consideration. response will be concerned. A The other instrument of delivery devil’s advocate would say that However, a fundamental question is the capacity market. DECC the government is prepared to remains. To meet carbon said it would review this next pick and financially back winners reduction targets, the presence year if we do not see new build on the generation side, but on the of large swathes of unabated gas CCGT come through in the 2015 demand side it is largely left up is far less desirable in 2030 than auction. Based on our model, to the market to deliver. It does 2020. But who will invest in plant even if all pre-qualified coal plant seem like the demand side is that might only have a decade owners were deterred by the new continuing to suffer from a lack or so before it becomes the next policy and priced themselves of government ideas about how to focus of policy reengineering at the maximum price-taker unleash its potential. level of £25/kW, we still would unless they can get their returns not see a new build CCGT gain before that happens? For example, arguably, the an agreement. Whilst auctions storage industry seems to would be tighter going forward, be nearing the same point there would be no guarantee that Core processor renewables was in the early new build CCGT would benefit. 1990s––where financial stimulus Unsurprisingly, Rudd’s speech could unleash significant The slack could be filled with was robustly supportive of plans new interconnectors and––more deployment. The difference being to deliver a fleet of new nuclear that through intermediating problematic for the new policy power stations. The issue now for objectives––embedded diesel. and creating efficiency between other non-nuclear participants production and demand, the is at what stage the new plant So, we think DECC will be system benefits of a storage will be impacting the merit order reviewing the capacity market revolution will be more profound and how big a slice of the limited next year to see how new build than the previous renewables budget for low-carbon projects CCGT can better be incentivised. equivalent. A light touch is these plant will demand. The department might find itself great assuming that the market constrained by EU state aid rules The answer to the latter issue is functioning well. But the if it thinks changes are necessary is relatively easy to predict: the government accepts that this is that positively discriminate in scale of the projects will create not the case. CCGTs’ favour––such as ring- a large budget pull, even if strike fencing a portion of the auctioned prices come down for nuclear capacity for CCGT. There are power over time. The answer a number of other options, to the former question is much CONTINUED...

13 Num lock mentioned an ambition for 12GW would be much lower under such of solar by 2020, which will a structure, with government The speech did send installed under sun-setting of the capping auction bids at a “floor’ encouragement to the offshore RO and possibly the small-scale level” representative of fixed wind sector – announcing three feed-in tariff. Later in the day, the costs, and running an auction for CfD auctions, the first of which at Solar Power Portal quoted a DECC cheapest bids in the normal way. least will be focused on the “less spokesman saying that solar and established” technologies. Rudd other established technologies also set out an ambition to add a would not feature for at least the System encryption further 10GW of offshore wind in CfD auction at the end of 2016, the 2020s to the existing tally of So the motherboard of the and the prospects beyond that 10GW (by 2020). These are really new energy system will be low look slim. very encouraging statements, and carbon, absent of coal but with should hopefully dovetail with Some argue that not subsidising more CCGT and nuclear power, expected announcements on the the cheapest deployable with offshore wind the sole post-2020 to arrest attrition in technologies while supporting element of new scale renewables the offshore market for the better more expensive ones is poor deployment. But the system projects. value for money. Counter planning on generation contrasts arguments include the purpose with a less prescriptive, laissez- But the gauntlet has been thrown of subsidy to pull through faire attitude to innovation on the down on support costs, with the technologies to commercial demand side. figure £100/MWh in 2020 being levels. Moreover, because they the level the industry must meet The transition to this world is are intermittent, claims of solar or beat to access a CfD. The first a cautious one, predicated on and onshore wind being cheap test of this is likely to be a CfD some fundamental dependencies: are a mirage once system costs auction at the end of 2016. We that gas can come forward to are factored in. But we think any wonder if DECC might impose a substitute coal, and that offshore approach to deliberately imposing lower administered strike price wind can meet cost targets. system balancing action costs cap for offshore wind auctions Government can play a large on a specific type of generation to drive the trajectory towards role in navigating through these would be wrong. It also ignores a levelised cost of £100/MWh. constraints with a reformed the fact that energy imbalance There is an obvious risk of forcing capacity market and an amended costs are largely passed through the pace. Whilst the supply CfD respectively. But here the to most intermittent generators in chain and developers will try to details are so far slight, and for the form of PPA discounts. respond, forcing prices too low the capacity market in particular increases the risk that projects The real shame is that no “half- there appear no obvious and ultimately do not deliver. way” house has been found that easily implemented answers. allows support to established To counter this risk, DECC may More philosophically, a lighter projects to continue in the short consider introducing more direct touch is to be commended. But term. There have been various financial incentives into the CfD the fear remains that, in failing to models presented for “cost- completion obligations than is be instructive enough on just who, neutral” CfDs. Adapting the CfD currently the case, increasing the when, what and how storage and for solar and onshore wind to a costs to developers and barriers the demand side will contribute to one-way contract that delivers a to independents. the new system, the prospectus is “floor price” designed to cover too short-sighted and short term. a generic project’s fixed capital, It still risks relying on decoding operating and debt financing Recycle bin the energy system issues of costs could have provided a tomorrow with the hardware of No such hope has been offered politically acceptable route today. to established technologies like to continue to support these solar and onshore wind. Rudd projects. Resulting strike prices

Cornwall Energy provides informed, independent energy market advice to stakeholders in the GB energy market. To celebrate its 10 year anniversary Cornwall Energy is offering one month free access to its flagship publication Energy Spectrum, from which this article first appeared. Contact Ali Forbes on [email protected] or 01603 604402 or sign-up on line at http://www.cornwallenergy.com/It-s-our-birthday-celebrate-with-us.

14 EXTRACTS FROM THE QUEEN’S SPEECH 27th May 2015

Energy Bill - “Measures will be maker for onshore wind medium term, we are investing in introduced to increase energy consents in England and Wales new energy infrastructure and we security.” will be the local planning have a capacity auction which will authority. These changes will ensure security of electricity supply The purpose of the Bill is to: be supported by changes to from 2018/19 onwards. A further the national planning policy measure to be introduced is: • Ensure there will be affordable framework to give effect to and reliable energy for the manifesto commitment • Delivering more secure and businesses and families. that local communities should diverse energy supplies in the UK, through the proposed • Give the Oil and Gas Authority have the final say on planning Energy Bill (see establishment (OGA) the powers it needs to applications for wind farms. of Oil and Gas Authority) become a robust, independent and effective regulator, and Wood Review Implementation. • Ensuring we have a resilient enable it to maximise the power supply in the event of economic recovery of oil and The substantive provisions would major disruption, regardless gas from UK waters. extend to England and Wales, of whether it is due to cyber- Scotland and Northern Ireland. attack or any other cause; • The Bill would formally For the purposes of implementing establish the OGA as an the Wood Review, they will apply • Addressing issues of electricity independent regulator, which to the UK’s territorial waters and supply and demand. We ran would take the form of a the UKCS. The provisions will a successful capacity auction government company, charged respect the relevant devolution last winter which brought with the asset stewardship and settlements. The intention is forward new investment at regulation of domestic oil and that the licensing of onshore good value for money; and gas recovery. exploration and extraction of National Grid’s New Balancing oil and gas will be devolved in Services meant we maintained • The Bill would transfer the respect of Scotland and Wales. a healthy capacity margin Secretary of State for Energy The Government will consult with throughout; contrary to some and Climate Change’s existing the Devolved Administrations on press forecasts late last year. regulatory powers to the OGA changes to subsidy regimes for as well as additional powers onshore wind farms. • In the medium term, the including access to company capacity auction mechanism meetings; data acquisition, will ensure we have enough retention and transfer; dispute Energy Security - “Measures will capacity on the system to meet resolution and sanctions. be introduced to increase energy peak demand. security.” • This, in effect, would devolve • To ensure our energy security, powers out of Whitehall by The UK is one of the most energy we are also investing in transferring the existing secure countries in the world. new energy infrastructure consenting powers, in relation The Government is committed such as new nuclear and to onshore wind, to local to keeping the lights on and new renewables, as well as planning authorities, so that powering the UK economy. To exploring for gas. in future the primary decision ensure secure supplies in the

15 EXTRACT FROM THE AUTUMN STATEMENT The Rt Hon George Osborne MP, Chancellor of the Exchequer 4th November 2015

“We will also exclude energy We will reform the Renewable Heat to pay down the debt. By ensuring generation from the venture capital Incentive to save £700 million. Britain’s long term economic schemes, to ensure that they security, the government is able remain well targeted at higher risk We’re going to permanently exempt to spend £4 trillion on its priorities companies…. our Energy Intensive Industries over the next 4 years. like steel and chemicals from the …Investing in the long term cost of environmental tariffs, so we For the Department of Energy and economic infrastructure of our keep their bills down, keep them Climate Change this means: country is a goal of this Spending competitive and keep them here. Review, and there is no more • doubling DECC’s innovation important infrastructure than I can announce we’re introducing a programme to £500 million energy. cheaper domestic energy efficiency over 5 years, which will scheme that replaces ECO. strengthen the future security So we’re doubling our spending of supply, reduce the costs on energy research with a major Britain’s new energy scheme will of decarbonisation and boost commitment to small modular save an average of £30 a year industrial and research nuclear reactors. from the energy bills of 24 million capabilities households. We’re also supporting the creation • funding for an ambitious of the shale gas industry by Because the Government believes nuclear research programme ensuring that communities benefit that going green should not cost the that will revive the UK’s from a Shale Wealth Fund, which earth and we’re cutting other bills nuclear expertise could be worth up to £1bn. too. We’re going to bring forward reforms to the compensation • a £1.7 billion share of the Support for low-carbon electricity culture around minor motor government’s £5.8 billion and renewables will more than accident injuries.” International Climate Fund, double. which will help the poorest The Department of Energy & and most vulnerable countries The development and sale of Ultra Climate Change carries this decarbonise and adapt to the Low Emission Vehicles will continue interpretation: effects of climate change to be supported – but in light of the slower than expected introduction of The Chancellor has published • resource savings of 22% by more rigorous EU emissions testing, the results of the spending 2019-20 delivered through we will delay the removal of the review, including details of the efficiencies in corporate diesel supplement from company Department of Energy and Climate services and reducing the cost cars until 2021. Change budget over the course of of contracts this parliament. We support the international efforts to tackle Climate Change, and to The Spending Review and Autumn show our commitment to the Paris Statement delivers on the talks next week, we are increasing government’s priority to provide our support for climate finance by security to working people at every 50% over the next five years. stage of their lives. It sets out a 4 year plan to fix the public finances, DECC’s day to day resource budget return the country to surplus and will fall by 22%. run a healthy economy that starts

16 EXTRACTS FROM THE ENERGY RESET STATEMENT The Rt Hon Amber Rudd MP, Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change 18th November 2015

The Secretary of State for Energy “But let me be clear, we’ll only auctions by the end of 2016. and Climate Change revealed her proceed if we’re confident that the policy priorities and her strategy shift to new gas can be achieved “On current plans we expect to see for putting them into action. within these timescales.” 10GW of offshore wind installed by Amber Rudd set out her vision 2020”. for an energy system that puts She also explained that nuclear “The industry tells us they can consumers first, delivers more power had a central role in the meet that challenge, and we will competition, reduces the burden UK’s energy future: hold them to it. If they don’t there on bill-payers and ensures “Opponents of nuclear misread will be no subsidy. No more blank enough electricity generation to the science. It is safe and reliable. cheques.” power the nation. The challenge, as with other low The Government is also committed “We now have an electricity system carbon technologies, is to deliver to taking action on climate where no form of power generation, nuclear power which is low cost as change and to meeting the UK’s not even gas-fired power stations, well. Green energy must be cheap 2050 target, looking ahead to the can be built without government energy. conference in Paris in December intervention and a legacy of ageing, “We are dealing with a legacy of where an international deal is often unreliable plant. under-investment and with Hinkley expected to be agreed. “Perversely, even with the huge Point C planning to start generating The Energy and Climate Change growth in renewables, our in the mid-2020s, this is already Secretary explained: dependence on coal - the dirtiest changing. fossil fuel – hasn’t been reduced. “It is imperative we do not make “Action on climate change is linked Indeed a higher proportion of our the mistakes of the past and just to the action we’re taking now electricity came from coal in 2014 build one nuclear power station. to reduce the deficit. It is about than in 1999. There are plans for a new fleet of resilience now and in the future. But climate change is a global problem, “So despite intervention we still nuclear power stations, including at not a local one. Action by one state haven’t found the right balance.” Wylfa and Moorside. It also means exploring new opportunities like will not solve the problem. It’s what The Energy Secretary signalled Small Modular Reactors, which hold we do together that counts. And that her intention to develop a cleaner, the promise of low cost, low carbon is why achieving a global deal in more secure energy network energy.” Paris next month is so important. by consulting on closing coal “But climate change will not be fired power stations by 2025 She Amber Rudd went on to commit solved by a group of over-tired continued: Government support for offshore wind on the condition that it comes politicians and negotiators in a “I am pleased to announce that we down in cost: Conference centre. It will take will be launching a consultation action by businesses, civil society, in the spring on when to close all “We should also support the growth cities, regions and countries. unabated coal-fired power stations.” of our world leading offshore wind “Our consultation will set out industry. “Paris must deliver that and help proposals to close coal by 2025 - unleash the levels of private and restrict its use from 2023. If we “Today I can announce that – if, and investment needed. Our most take this step, we will be one of the only if, the Government’s conditions important task is providing a first developed countries to deliver on cost reduction are met – we will compelling example to the rest of on a commitment to take coal off make funding available for three the world of how to cut carbon while the system. auctions in this Parliament. We controlling costs.” intend to hold the first of these 17 DEPARTMENTAL STATEMENTS Written and Oral Statements from the Department for Energy and Climate Change –17th May 2015 – 30th November 2015

Written Ministerial Statement on the November Written Ministerial Statement on September EU Energy Council Environment Council 20th November 2015 – Andrea Leadsom MP 13th October 2015 – Amber Rudd MP explained the explained her expectations of the Energy Council discussion at the Council of Europe in preparation for meeting the following week. the Paris Conference of Parties (CoP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Written Ministerial Statement on Planning Act (UNFCCC). These were agreed relatively swiftly 2008: Yorkshire & Humberside Carbon Capture and following effective chairing from the Luxembourg Storage Cross Country Pipeline Presidency. The Commission tabled a declaration 19th November 2015 – Andrea Leadsom MP questioning the legal accuracy of a reference in the announced an extension to the deadline for the Conclusions to the Council’s intention for Member decision until 19 May 2016 (an extension of 6 States to ‘jointly fulfil’ the ‘at least 40%’ target for months), to enable a decision on the Yorkshire and emissions reductions and claiming that the Union Humber CCS Cross Country Pipeline application has exclusive competence to undertake international for development consent to be made after the obligations regarding climate mitigation. decision on the White Rose CCS Generating Station application for development consent is taken. Written Ministerial Statement on Shale Gas and Oil Policy 16th September 2015 – Amber Rudd MP announced Written Ministerial Statement on UK Energy and the Shale Gas and Oil Policy, this formally replaces Climate Change Policy the Shale Gas and Oil Policy Statement issued by 18st November 2015 – Amber Rudd explained DECC and DCLG on 13 August 2015. Sections covered her reset of the priorities for the UK’s energy and Safety and environmental protection, Transparency climate change policy for the coming Parliament and and information for the public, Planning, Sharing published the DECC Autumn Update. New nuclear shale income with communities. and gas generation are central to policy, supported by offshore wind. Coal generation was proposed to Written Ministerial Statement on Shale Gas and Oil Policy close coal by 2025. 22nd July 2015 – Lord Bourne of Aberystwyth announced changes to the Levy Control Framework, Written Ministerial Statement on Energy Investments including changes to grandfathering under the 21st October 2015 – Amber Rudd MP announced that Renewables Obligation, incentives for Solar PV, EDF and its Chinese partner China General Nuclear accreditation for Anaerobic Digestion Feed in Tariffs Corporation (CGN) have committed to Hinkley Point and the levy Control Framework budget post 2020. C during this week’s landmark China State Visit, Written Ministerial Statement on Implementing confirming that Somerset will have the first new Geological Disposal Programme nuclear power station in the UK for a generation. 20th July 2015 – Andrea Leadsom MP announced the publication of the Fifth Annual Report on The companies have signed a Strategic Investment implementing the geological disposal of higher Agreement which marks a critical moment for the activity radioactive waste. site in Somerset. EDF has confirmed it will take a 66.5 per cent stake in Hinkley with CGN taking 33.5 Written Ministerial Statement on Renewable Heat per cent, demonstrating a clear commitment from Incentive both parties. 6th July 2015 – Andrea leadsom MP announced that the Department for Energy and Climate Change The Government and EDF have finalised the detail of was laying the Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme the Contract for Difference which offers increased and Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme price certainty for the electricity produced from (Amendment) (No.2) Regulations 2015 before Hinkley Point C. The Funded Decommissioning Parliament. Programme will make sure that the tax payer doesn’t pick up the cost of decommissioning the plant in the Written Ministerial Statement on June EU future. Environment Council 30th June 2015 – Amber Rudd MP outlined the discussions at the Council of Europe in Luxembourg.

18 Topics included a policy debate on the National To enable re-classification of GIB as a private sector Emissions Ceilings Directive. The Presidency enterprise, it is necessary to remove the public concluded that draft Council Conclusions in advance sector controls imposed on the company by the of the United Nations Framework Convention on Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013. Climate Change, 21st Conference of the Parties in Paris this year (UNFCCC CoP 21) would be prepared Written Ministerial Statement on Triennial Review shortly for adoption at the additional Environment of the Atomic Energy Authority Council on 18 September. A successful negotiation 17th September 2015 – Joseph Johnson MP was announced of a provisional agreement in the announced the completion of the Review. The European Parliament on the EU Emissions Trading Review concludes that the functions performed by System (EU ETS) Market Stability Reserve Decision. the UK Atomic Energy Authority are still required and that it should be retained as an Executive Non Written Ministerial Statement on Office of Nuclear Departmental Public Body. However, the review Regulation recognises that there are potential benefits for the 29th June 2015 – Andrea Leadsom MP announced Authority to merge with another relevant science that the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate body. It therefore recommends that the Authority Change would lay the Annual Report of the Office of should commence work to assess the viability of Nuclear Regulation before Parliament. such a merger, with a view to implementation from 2018. Oral Ministerial Statement on Ending New Subsidies for Onshore Wind Written Ministerial Statement on UK Green 22nd June 2015 – Amber Rudd MP further explained Investment Bank proposals to end new subsidies for onshore wind. 25th June 2015 – Sajid Javid MP declared that moving the company into private ownership is a natural Written Ministerial Statement on Ending New development for GIB that enables it to leverage Subsidies for Onshore Wind the maximum amount of private capital into green 18th June 2015 – Amber Rudd MP set out proposals sectors for the minimum amount of public money. to end new subsidies for onshore wind, specifically Our aim is that a transaction should result in GIB no in relation to the Renewables Obligation (RO). It is longer being classified as a public sector body. This intended that final proposals are applied across would mean GIB would be free to borrow capital so Great Britain and so consultations are underway with as to achieve its business ambitions without this Scottish and Welsh Ministers on this matter, as well having an effect on public sector net debt. as Ministers in Northern Ireland. Department for Transport Written Ministerial Statement on Establishing an Oil and Gas Authority Written Ministerial Statement on Vehicle Emissions 17th June 2015 – Andrea Leadsom MP informed the Testing Programme House that on 1 April 2015, whilst Parliament was 10th November 2015 – Patrick McLoughlin MP prorogued, the Department of Energy and Climate informed the House of the latest developments on Change established the United Kingdom’s new vehicle emissions testing, following the revelations arms’-length oil and gas regulator, the Oil and Gas that Volkswagen Group had been fitting so- Authority (“OGA”). It was reported that founding the called defeat devices to some of its vehicles. The OGA as an Executive Agency of DECC, represented a Government will carry out its own thorough and critical step in implementing the recommendations independent investigation to: contained in Sir Ian Wood’s 2014 report (“Wood Review”) into maximising economic recovery from • establish whether the use of defeat devices goes the United Kingdom’s Continental Shelf (“UKCS”). wider than the VW Group; and • gather much-needed evidence to restore public Department of Business, Innovation and Skills confidence, improve our understanding of the real world emission performance of vehicles, and Written Ministerial Statement on UK Green strengthen our ambition and influence in pushing investment Bank the EU to move to a comprehensive real world 15th October 2015 – Sajid Javid MP followed his testing regime. statement from 25th June, saying that a key objective in moving the company into the private sector is that Officials and technical teams will work cooperatively it should be free to borrow and raise capital without together with those from EU Commission and this affecting public sector net debt. Giving GIB this Germany. This will enable reduced duplication and freedom is essential if the company is to invest in ensure a wide range of vehicles are tested. accordance with its ambitious green business plan.

19 PARLIAMENTARY RECORD SELECT COMMITTEES: REPORTS AND INQUIRIES 17th May 2015 – 30th November 2015

House of Commons Energy and Climate Change Committee

The Select Committee for Energy Inquiry into Home energy Inquiry into DECC Annual Report & Climate Change has announced efficiency and demand reduction and Accounts 2014-15 announced six inquires. announced 16 September 2015 05 November 2015 Energy and Climate Change Energy and Climate Change Inquiry into ECC priorities for Committee inquiry into previous Committee inquiry into holding Government to account energy efficiency schemes. Department of Energy and announced 16 July 2015 Climate Change’s Annual Report Energy and Climate Change 17th November 2015 – The and Accounts for 2014-15. Committee look at the priorities Committee heard from Richard for the new Parliament Twinn, Policy Advisor, UK Green 10th November 2015 – The Oral evidence concluded. Report Building Council; Steve Cole, one-off evidence session heard in preparation. Policy Leader, National Housing from Rt Hon Amber Rudd MP, Federation; Councillor Peter Secretary of State, Stephen Inquiry into Investor confidence Fleming, Leader of Sevenoaks Lovegrove, Permanent Secretary in the UK energy sector District Council and Member of and Accounting Officer, and announced 16 September 2015 the LGA Environment, Economy, Angie Ridgwell, Director General, Energy and Climate Change Housing and Transport Board; Finance and Corporate Services, Committee inquiry into the Joanne Wade, Director, Association Department of Energy and factors that contribute to investor for the Conservation of Energy; Climate Change. confidence in the energy sector. and Dave Princep, Environmental Health Consultant, Residential Inquiry into Security of supply 20th October 2015 - the Landlords Association; Lawrence announced 12 November 2015 Committee heard from Andrea Slade, Chief Executive Officer, Energy and Climate Change Leadsom MP, Minister of Energy UK; Stephen Huller, Head Committee inquiry into the State; Ben Golding, Deputy of Commercial, Certinergy; Holly security of the UK’s energy Director, Head of Strategy and Jago, Corporate Affairs Manager, supply. Finance Team – Home Energy; Calor Gas; and Isaac Occhipinti, Dr Stephanie Hurst, Head of Head of External Affairs, Energy 24th November 2015 – The MI Strategy and Programme and Utilities Alliance. one-off evidence session heard Management; and Gareth from Cordi O’Hara, Director, UK Redmond, Head of Renewables 24th November 2015 – The System Operator; Duncan Burt, Programme Team, Department of Copmmittee heard from Mark Head, Operate the System; and Energy and Climate Change. Bayley, Chief Executive, Green Ro Quinn, Head, Energy Strategy Deal Finance Company. and Policy, National Grid. 1st December 2015 – The Committee heard from Alan Inquiry into Low carbon network White, Director, Carlton Power infrastructure announced 17 Limited; Andrew Koss, Chief September 2015 Executive, Drax Power, Drax Energy and Climate Change Power Group; Paul Spence, Committee inquiry into the UK’s Director of Strategy and electricity infrastructure Corporate Affairs, EDF Energy; The deadline for written Danielle Lane, Head of Regulatory submissions was 12 November and Stakeholder Relations, DONG 2015. There are currently no Energy UK. public meetings scheduled.

20 Environmental Audit Committee

The Select Committee for Enterprise, Department for Inquiry into The Government’s Environmental Audit has Business, Innovation and Skills; approach to sustainable announced five inquiries, three Richard Callard, Executive development of which are noted below. Director, Green Investment Bank 10th November 2015 – The Shareholder Team, Business Environmental Audiot Committee Inquiry into Future of the Green Innovation and Skills. hosted a conference with Panel Investment Bank Members: Mike Barry, Director 28th October 2015 – The Inquiry into Assessment of EU/ of Sustainable Business, Marks Committee heard from Shaun UK environmental policy & Spencer; Sir Amyas Morse, Kingsbury, Chief Executive 2nd December 2015 – The Comptroller and Auditor Officer, and Euan McVicar, Committee heard from Professor General, National Audit Office; General Counsel, Green Maria Lee, Professor of EU Lord Krebs, Chair, Adaptation Investment Bank; Richard Environmental Law, University Sub-Committee, Committee Howard, Head of Environment College London (UCL); Dr on Climate Change; Stephanie and Energy, Policy Exchange; and Sebastian Oberthuer, Professor Hilborne OBE, Chief Executive, Ingrid Holmes, Director, E3G. of Environment and Sustainable The Wildlife Trusts; and Matthew Development, Institute for Spencer, Director, Green Alliance. 26th November 2015 – The European Studies (IES); Nigel Committee heard from Rt Hon Haigh, Honorary Fellow, Institute Anna Soubry MP, Minister for of European Environmental Policy Small Business, Industry and (IEEP).

Communities & Local Government Committee

The Select Committee for Brandon Lewis MP, Minister of Paul Carter, Chair, County Communities and Local State for Housing and Planning; Councils Network; Councillor Government has six inquiries, and Rt Hon Mark Francois MP, John Pollard, Leader, Cornwall three of which are noted below. Minister of State for Communities Council; and Councillor Alan and Resilience, Department Rhodes, Leader, Nottinghamshire Inquiry into Housing and for Communities and Local County Council. Planning Bill Government. 9th November 2015 – The 23rd November 2015 – The Committee held a one-off session Inquiry into The Government’s Committee heard from Lord to hear from Brandon Lewis MP, Cities and Local Government Kerslake, Chair, Centre for Minister of State for Housing Devolution Bill Public Scrutiny; Ed Cox, and Planning, Department 10th November 2015 – The Director, Institute for Public for Communities and Local Committee heard from Ian Policy Research (North); Government. Williamson, Chief Officer, Councillor Sue Jeffrey, Chair, Greater Manchester Health and Shadow Tees Valley Combined Inquiry into DCLG priorities in Social Care Devolution; Rob Authority; Sir Edward Lister, the 2015 Parliament Webster, Chief Executive, NHS Deputy Mayor of London, Policy 15th September 2015 – The Confederation; and Councillor and Planning; Darren Johnson, Committee held a one-off Linda Thomas, Vice Chair, Chair, Devolution Working Group, session to from the Rt Hon Greg Local Government Association London Assembly; John O’Brien, Clark MP, Secretary of State; Wellbeing Portfolio; Councillor Chief Executive, London Councils.

House of Lords EU Energy and Environment Sub-Committee

Inquiry into EU energy governance

28th October 2015 – The Committee heard evidence given by Andrea Leadsom MP, Minister of State, DECC; Tim Abraham, Head of European Policy, DECC.

21 PARLIAMENTARY ORAL QUESTIONS AND DEBATES 17th May 2015 – 30th November 2015 House of Commons Sustainable Development Goals Energy Questions Swansea Bay Tidal Zone Kate Green (Stretford and Mr David Jones (Clwyd West) (Con) Urmston) (Lab): Climate Change Adaptation Plan Stephen Kinnock (Aberavon) (Lab) 3 Jun 2015 : Column 576 Rachael Maskell (York Central) Column 1024) (Lab/Co-op): Carolyn Harris (Swansea East) Swansea Bay Tidal Lagoon Onshore Wind Subsidies (Lab) (Column 1036) Richard Graham (Gloucester) The Secretary of State for Energy Energy Competitiveness (Con) and Climate Change (Amber Rudd Douglas Carswell (Clacton) (UKIP) 3rd June 2015 : Column 588 MP) Early end of Renewables Community Energy Schemes Obligation Onshore Wind Subsidies Dr Sarah Wollaston (Totnes) (Con) Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) Glyn Davies (Montgomeryshire) Fossil Fuel Subsidies (SNP) (Con) Caroline Lucas (Brighton, Renewables Incentives 3rd June : Column 589 Pavilion) (Green) Julie Elliott (Sunderland Central) Subsidies for Fracking (Lab) Household Energy Efficiency Ian C. Lucas (Wrexham) (Lab) Preparations for Paris CoP programmes Stable Regulatory Regime Craig Williams (Cardiff North) (Con) Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Barry Gardiner (Brent North) Huw Merriman (Bexhill and Test) (Lab) (Lab) Battle) (Con) 10th June 2015 : Column 1184 Investor Confidence Albert Owen (Ynys Môn) (Lab) Mr David Hanson (Delyn) (Lab) Fracking Elimination of Fossil Fuel Andrew Gwynne (Denton and John McNally (Falkirk) (SNP) Diana Johnson (Kingston upon Reddish) (Lab) Carbon Reduction Commitments Hull North) (Lab) Subsidies in Northern Ireland David Mowat (Warrington South) 10th June 2015 : Column 1209 Mark Durkan (Foyle) (SDLP) (Con) Tidal Energy EU GHG Climate Change Conference of Richard Graham (Gloucester) Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge Parties (Con) and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) Caroline Flint (Don Valley) (Lab): Peter Grant (Glenrothes) (SNP) Future of Nuclear 10 Jun 2015 : Column 1265 22nd June 2015 : Column 617-632 Bob Blackman (Harrow East) (Con) Nuclear Sunsidies Navitus Bay Wind Farm Graham Jones (Hyndburn) (Lab) Richard Drax (South Dorset) (Con) Energy Questions Wind Farm Applications 15 Jun 2015 : Column 154 Phil Wilson (Sedgefield) (Lab) Environmental Agenda Home Energy Efficiency Fracking Waste Water Fiona Bruce (Congleton) (Con) Tom Tugendhat (Tonbridge and Geraint Davies (Swansea West) Ben Howlett (Bath) (Con) Malling) (Con) (Lab/Co-op) Carbon Capture & Storage Renewable Energy Certificates 17th June 2015 : Column 314 Dennis Skinner (Bolsover) (Lab) Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Co-operation with DEFRA Test) (Lab) Election of Select Committe Barry Sheerman (Huddersfield) Renewable Energy Chairmen (Lab/Co-op) Mr Nigel Evans (Ribble Valley) Mr Speaker Increasing Renewables (Con) 18th June 2015 : Column 470 Liz McInnes (Heywood and Mike Weir (Angus) (SNP) Middleton) (Lab)

22 Household Energy Efficiency Community Energy in Nottingham Carbon Dioxide Emissions Debbie Abrahams (Oldham East Lilian Greenwood (Nottingham Helen Goodman (Bishop and Saddleworth) (Lab) South) (Lab) Auckland) (Lab) Sue Hayman (Workington) (Lab) Smart Meter Roll-out Mr Peter Lilley (Hitchin and Joan Ryan (Enfield North) (Lab) Dr Tania Mathias (Twickenham) (Con) Harpenden) (Con) Chris Skidmore (Kingswood) Hatfield Colliery Mr Barry Sheerman (Con) (Column 1031) Edward Miliband (Doncaster (Huddersfield) (Lab/Co-op) VAT on Energy Efficiency North) (Lab) Mr Philip Hollobone (Kettering) Materials Bath Hot Water Scheme (Con) Tim Loughton (East Worthing and Ben Howlett (Bath) (Con) 17th September 2015 1174 Shoreham) (Con) Solar Generation on Schools Fuel Poverty Helen Hayes (Dulwich and West Climate Change Conference Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge Norwood) (Lab) David Mowat (Warrington South) and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) British Deep Mining (Con) Oil and Gas industry Ian Lavery (Wansbeck) (Lab) Barry Gardiner (Brent North) (Lab) Stuart Blair Donaldson (West Offshore wind Philip Davies (Shipley) (Con) Aberdeenshire and Kincardine) Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con) Lisa Nandy (Wigan) (Lab) (SNP) Solar Farming Diversification 17th September 2015 : Column Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con) Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP) 1175 Renewable Energy Jobs Culzean project Peter Grant (Glenrothes) (SNP) Mary Glindon (North Tyneside) (Lab) National Grid Stuart C. McDonald Changes to ECO Patrick Grady (Glasgow North) (Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Graham Jones (Hyndburn) (Lab) (SNP) Kirkintilloch East) (SNP) 25 Jun 2015 : Column 1015-1037 Sir Roger Gale (North Thanet) Cost of Subsidies (Con) Mr Peter Lilley (Hitchin and Onshore Wind Farms 17th September 2015 : Column Harpenden) (Con) Robert Flello (Stoke-on-Trent 1177 Offshore Wind project South) (Lab) Tasmina Ahmed-Sheikh (Ochil Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) Feed-In Tariff and South Perthshire) (SNP) (SNP) Jeff Smith (Manchester, Carbon Abatement Alistair Carmichael (Orkney and Withington) (Lab) Huw Irranca-Davies (Ogmore) Shetland) (LD) Julian Sturdy (York Outer) (Con) (Lab) 15 July 2015 : Column 876 Liz Saville Roberts (Dwyfor Preservation of Trees Meirionnydd) (PC) Rebecca Pow (Taunton Deane) 17th September 2015 : Column (Con) Energy Questions 1178 Decarbonised Electricity Steve McCabe (Birmingham, Selly Renewables Obligation Drew Hendry (Inverness, Nairn, Oak) (Lab) Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Badenoch and Strathspey) (SNP) FIT, CfD and the Islands Test) (Lab) Steve Double (St Austell and Angus Brendan MacNeil (Na 17th September 2015 : Column Newquay) (Con) h-Eileanan an Iar) (SNP) 1168 Alison McGovern (Wirral South) CMA Report on Energy (Lab) Kerry McCarthy (Bristol East) (Lab) Low-Carbon Energy Generation 17th September 2015 : Column Hinkley Point C Margaret Greenwood (Wirral 1180-81 Rebecca Pow (Taunton Deane) West) (Lab) (Con) Christina Rees (Neath) (Lab) Oil & Gas Authority Green Investment Bank Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con) Stuart Blair Donaldson (West Julie Elliott (Sunderland Central) Neil Carmichael (Stroud) (Con) Aberdeenshire and Kincardine) (Lab) Caroline Lucas (Brighton, (SNP) Cross-Department Government Pavilion) (Green) Kirsty Blackman (Aberdeen Action Martin Vickers (Cleethorpes) (Con) North) (SNP) Karin Smyth (Bristol South) (Lab) Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) Fusion Technology (SNP) (SNP) Laurence Robertson Julie Elliott (Sunderland Central) 17th September 2015 : Column (Tewkesbury) (Con) (Lab) 1179 17th September 2015 : Column 1170-2

23 Energy Supply Market Chinese Steel Imports Environment Questions Christopher Pincher (Tamworth) Tom Pursglove (Corby) (Con) (Con) Planning for Fracking Air Quality Pauline Latham (Mid Derbyshire) Richard Burgon (Leeds East) Mr Ben Bradshaw (Exeter) (Lab) (Con) (Lab) 5th November 2015 : Column Andrew Bingham (High Peak) 17th September 2015 : Column 1099 (Con) 1186 Maria Caulfield (Lewes) (Con) Minimum Energy Standards for Caroline Flint (Don Valley) (Lab) Spare Capacity in Winter Rented Property 17th September 2015 : Column Mr David Nuttall (Bury North) Gavin Newlands (Paisley and 1182 (Con) Renfrewshire North) (SNP) Abolition of DECC 5th November 2015 : Column 1105 Scottish Renewables Delivery Mr Peter Bone (Wellingborough) Forum (Con) Fracking in National Parks Carol Monaghan (Glasgow North 10 Year Plan for Renewables Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge West) (SNP) Melanie Onn (Great Grimsby) (Lab) and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) 17th September 2015 : Column 17th September 2015 : Column 5th November 2015 : Column 1105 1183 1187 Private Rented Sector Solar Consultations Promotion of Gas Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Ian C. Lucas (Wrexham) (Lab) Peter Aldous (Waveney) (Con) Test) (Lab) Low Carbon Research 8th November 2015 : Column 14 Nicola Blackwood (Oxford West Feed-In Tariff Cuts and Abingdon) (Con) Helen Hayes (Dulwich and West Code for Sustainable Homes Stability of Energy Policy Norwood) (Lab) Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge Test) (Lab) and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) Nuclear 9th November 2015 : Column 22 Consumer gas prices David Mowat (Warrington South) Stephen Hammond (Wimbledon) (Con) Energy-Intensive User (Con) 17th September 2015 : Column Compensation 17th September 2015 : Column 1188 Alex Cunningham (Stockton 1184 North) (Lab) Energy Conservation Measures Energy Taxes Hywel Williams (Arfon) (PC) Supplier Switching Stuart Blair Donaldson (West 21st October 2015 : Column 958 Nigel Huddleston (Mid Aberdeenshire and Kincardine) Worcestershire) (Con) (SNP) International view of UK policy 10th November 2015 : Column Meeting Carbon and Renewables Mr Angus Brendan MacNeil (Na 219 Targets h-Eileanan an Iar) (SNP) Alex Chalk (Cheltenham) (Con) 28th October 2015 : Column 328 Teeside Collective for Industrial Scottish Ministerial Carbon Capture Representation at CoP Support for Energy Intensive Andy McDonald (Middlesbrough) Patrick Grady (Glasgow North) Industry (Lab) (SNP) Ian C. Lucas (Wrexham) (Lab) 18th November 2015 : Column 671 Planning Solar Farms 28th October 2015 : Column 343 Antoinette Sandbach (Eddisbury) (Con) Opposition Day Debate: Steel Energy Supplier Switching Industry Paula Sherriff (Dewsbury) (Lab) 28th October 2015 Column 363-9 17th September 2015 : Column 1185 Onshore Wind Power Planning Glyn Davies (Montgomeryshire) Subsidy for Anaerobic Digestion (Con) Jo Churchill (Bury St Edmunds) 4th November 2015 : Column 947 (Con) Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Clive Lewis (Norwich South) (Lab)

24 Energy Questions Energy Efficiency for the Fuel poor Green Investment Bank Tulip Siddiq (Hampstead and Stuart Blair Donaldson (West Renewables Targets 2020 Kilburn) (Lab) Aberdeenshire and Kincardine) Rachael Maskell (York Central) Judith Cummins (Bradford South) (SNP) (Lab/Co-op) (Lab) 5% VAT on Fuel Paula Sherriff (Dewsbury) (Lab) Improvement of Home Energy Christopher Chope (Christchurch) David T. C. Davies (Monmouth) Efficiency (Con) (Con) Clive Lewis (Norwich South) (Lab) Peterhead CCS Project Coal Phase out Paris Climate Change Roger Mullin (Kirkcaldy and David Mowat (Warrington South) Conference Cowdenbeath) (SNP) (Con) Nick Thomas-Symonds (Torfaen) (Lab) Shale Gas in North Yorkshire Offshore wind Barry Gardiner (Brent North) (Lab) Kevin Hollinrake (Thirsk and Paula Sherriff (Dewsbury) (Lab) Lisa Nandy (Wigan) (Lab) (Col 816) Malton) (Con) Angus Brendan MacNeil (Na Government’s Environmental National Grid Balancing Charges h-Eileanan an Iar) (SNP) Agenda Alan Brown (Kilmarnock and Burton Wold Wind Farm Jake Berry (Rossendale and Loudoun) (SNP) Mr Philip Hollobone (Kettering) Darwen) (Con) Stranded Gas Assets (Con) Daniel Zeichner (Cambridge) (Lab) Huw Irranca-Davies (Ogmore) (Lab) Paris CoP Targets Merseyside Tidal Barrage Coal Import Job Losses Christian Matheson (City of John Pugh (Southport) (LD) Martin Vickers (Cleethorpes) (Con) Chester) (Lab) New Nuclear Carbon Capture & Storage Imran Hussain (Bradford East) Stephen Metcalfe (South Basildon Ian Lavery (Wansbeck) (Lab) (Lab) (Col 812) and East Thurrock) (Con) Energy Efficiency as Decarbonising Heat Caroline Lucas (Brighton, Infrastructure Investment Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) Pavilion) (Green) Caroline Lucas (Brighton, (SNP) Helen Goodman (Bishop Pavilion) (Green) Fossil fuel subsidy Auckland) (Lab) Last Deep Pit Mine Closure Liz Saville Roberts (Dwyfor Solar Energy: Schools Dennis Skinner (Bolsover) (Lab) Meirionnydd) (PC) Graham Allen (Nottingham North) Regulation of Heat to Cut Energy Jobs (Lab) Incentive Lisa Nandy (Wigan) (Lab) District Heating Sector Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge Ben Bradshaw (Exeter) (Lab) Matthew Pennycook (Greenwich and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) Wholesale Gas Prices to and Woolwich) Renewables Subsidies Household Bills Solar Power: Feed in Tariffs Clive Efford (Eltham) (Lab) Suella Fernandes (Fareham) (Con) Alex Cunningham (Stockton 19th November 2015 : Column Nusrat Ghani (Wealden) (Con) North) (Lab) 802-822 Demand Reduction Michelle Donelan (Chippenham) Jonathan Reynolds (Stalybridge (Con) Teeside CCS and Hyde) (Lab/Co-op) Ruth Cadbury (Brentford and Tom Blenkinsop (Middlesbrough Energy Efficiency of Park Homes Isleworth) (Lab) South and East Cleveland) (Lab) Jim Shannon (Strangford) (DUP) Clive Efford (Eltham) (Lab) 19th November 2015 : Column 836 Renewable Energy Subsidies Supplier Switching Mike Freer (Finchley and Golders Nigel Huddleston (Mid Renewables Obligation Northern Green) (Con) Worcestershire) (Con) Ireland Mims Davies (Eastleigh) (Con) Energy Security Margaret Ritchie (South Down) Stephen Hammond (Wimbledon) David Rutley (Macclesfield) (Con) (SDLP) (Con) In-Home Displays 25th November 2015 : Column 1341 Onshore Wind Subsidy Matthew Pennycook (Greenwich Margaret Ritchie (South Down) and Woolwich) (Lab) Solar Energy Incentives (SDLP) Small Modular Nuclear Reactors Jeremy Corbyn (Islington North) Callum McCaig (Aberdeen South) David Mowat (Warrington South) (Lab) (SNP) (Con) 25th November 2015 : Column 1349 Humber Energy Cluster Community Energy Schemes Martin Vickers (Cleethorpes) (Con) Anna Turley (Redcar) (Lab/Co-op) Gas Subsidy Power to Switch/Winter Fuel Dr Alan Whitehead (Southampton, Jake Berry (Rossendale and Test) (Lab) Darwen) (Con)

25 House of Lords

Measures to increase energy Energy: Onshore Wind Draft Wales Bill security Baroness Worthington Baroness Gale Lord Howell of Guildford 23 Jun 2015 : Column 1474 29 Oct 2015 : Column 1280 28th May 2015 : Column 45 Renewable Energy Global Climate Change Energy Bill Viscount Ridley Lord Hunt of Chesterton Baroness Williams of Trafford 29 Oct 2015 : Column 1283 2nd June 2015 : Column 302 Fracking Lord Truscott Hinkley Point: Chinese Offshore Renewable Energy 7 July 2015 : Column 101 Investment Baroness Liddell of Coatdyke Baroness Jones of Moulsecoomb 4th June 2015 : Column 550 Sellafield 2 Nov 2015 : Column 1397 Viscount Hanworth G7 8 July 2015 : Column 177 Energy Bill Lord Wallace of Tankerness (LD) Baroness Worthington (Lab): 10 Jun 2015 : Column 816 Carbon Emissions 4 Nov 2015 : Column 1643 Lord Purvis of Tweed Electricity Supply: 16 July 2015 : Column 690 Green Investment Bank Decarbonisation Lord Barker of Battle (Con): Lord Whitty Renewable Energy: Solar 30 Nov 2015 : Column 946 15 Jun 2015 : Column 993 Lord Young of Norwood Green 14 Oct 2015 : Column 232 Climate Change Baroness Worthington 17 Jun 2015 : Column 1153

SELECT COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Since the General Election, the Select Committee has been reformed. All of the members were new except for two, Dr Alan Whitehead and Ian Lavery. However, following the Labour leadership election, both have been selected for the Shadow Cabinet, to be replaced by Rushanara Ali and Tom Blenkinsop.

Angus MacNeil (Chair) Scottish National Party Mr Alistair Carmichael Liberal Democrat Glyn Davies Conservative James Heappey Conservative Rushanara Ali Labour Melanie Onn Labour Matthew Pennycook Labour Dr Daniel Poulter Conservative Antoinette Sandbach Conservative Julian Sturdy Conservative Tom Blenkinsop Labour Dr Alan Whitehead Labour

(Currently, Dr Alan Whitehead still appears listed as a member of the Select Committee.)

26 LEGISLATION 17th May 2015 – 30th November 2015

Government Bills Private Members’ Bills

Energy Bill 2105-16 Department of Energy and Climate Change (Lord Bourne of Aberystwyth) (Con) (Abolition) Peter Bone MP (Con, Wellingborough) 1st Reading 9th July 2015 House of Lords Commons 2nd Reading 22nd July House of Lords 1st Reading 29th June 2015 1st Sitting 14-19th October 2015 2nd Reading to be 22nd January 2016 Report 1st Sitting 19th October

Report 2nd Sitting 21st October Off-Shore Wind Farm Subsidies (Restriction) Bill 2015-16 3rd Reading 4th November 2015 House of Lords Christopher Chope MP (Con, Christchurch)

1st Reading 5th November House of Commons Commons

1st Reading 6th July 2015

2nd Reading to be 26th February 2016

Public Nuisance from Wind Farms (Mandatory Liability Cover) Bill 2015-16 David Davis MP (Con, Haltemprice and Howden)

Commons

1st Reading 21st July 2015

2nd Reading to be 26th February 2016

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