MYCERN EXPERT SYSTEM Manuel Álvarez Álvarez (FAP-AIS-PM) INTRODUCTION Can we build an expert system from the ground up? What open source alternatives are out there? Are there any commercial ones? EXPERT SYSTEM “ An expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision­making ability of a human expert. MODULES

Expert system

Search engine

Expert system Recommender system

Rules engine SEARCH ENGINE “ A search engine is an information retrieval system designed to help find information stored on a computer system. SEARCH ENGINE Keyword search or Semantic search KEYWORD SEARCH SEMANTIC SEARCH “ Semantic search seeks to improve search accuracy by understanding the searcher's intent and the contextual meaning of terms as they appear in the searchable dataspace, whether on the Web or within a closed system, to generate more relevant results. SEMANTIC SEARCH SEMANTIC SEARCH Natural Language Processing (NLP) + Semantic storage (Ontology) NLP “ Natural language processing is a field of computer science, artificial intelligence, and computational linguistics concerned with the interactions between computers and human (natural) languages. NLPget “ How can I get green plates? advmod aux nsubj dobj punct

PositiHonowToken Lemcmaan Part of SpeecIh plates Relation t?o parent 0 How how Wh-adverb advmod 1 can can Modal aux 2 I i Personal pronoun amod nsubj 3 get get Verb, non-3rd person singular present 4 green green Adjective amod 5 plates plate Noun, plural green dobj 6 ? ? . punct ONTOLOGY “ In computer science and information science, an ontology is a formal naming and definition of the types, properties, and interrelationships of the entities that really or fundamentally exist for a particular domain of discourse. ONTOLOGY

Is a Thing Is a

Vehicle Instance of Procedure Instance of

Instance of Instance of Instance of

Bike Car Has a procedure Green plates Car rental Bike rental

Has a procedure

Has a procedure SEMANTIC SEARCH NLP what Ontology where SEMANTIC SEARCH - CHOICES

Element License Scope LingPipe AGPL Toolkit for processing text using  computational linguistics OpenNLP Apache 2.0 Machine learning based toolkit for the processing of natural language text Protégé BSD Free, open-source ontology editor and  framework for building intelligent systems NeOn Toolkit Eclipse State-of-the-art, open source multi- platform ontology engineering environment Apache Jena Apache 2.0 Library to deal with all the internals of  saving, writing and querying ontologies RECOMMENDER SYSTEM “ Recommender systems or recommendation systems are a subclass of information filtering system that seek to predict the "rating" or "preference" that a user would give to an item. RECOMMENDER SYSTEM Form MyCERN the goal would be to :

“ Based on all the historical information available, try to predict procedures that a user will likely initiate CLUSTERING

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r

a 30

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g

A 20

10

1 1 1 1 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distance to CERN (meters) RECOMMENDER SYSTEM - CHOICES

Element License Scope Tensor Flow Apache 2.0 Artificial intelligence/numerical computing library from Google Scikit learn BSD Library providing efficient tools for data  mining and data analysis RULES ENGINE “ A business rules engine (BRE) is an application that manages decision processes using pre­defined logic to determine outcomes. RULES ENGINE The goal is to answer to questions like “ Is this user eligible for a French card?

rule "Resident in France" salience 5 activation‐group "Fench card" when who: Person( residenceCountry != "FRANCE" ) then who.setEligible(false); who.setEligibleReason("You should get an EF card"); end rule "French nationality" salience 4 activation‐group "Fench card" when who: Person( nationality == "FRANCE" ) then who.setEligible(false); who.setEligibleReason("French people don't get French cards"); end

... RULES ENGINE - CHOICES

Element Scope Drools Business rule management system  (BRMS) with a forward and backward chaining inference based rules engine. Oracle Business Rules High performance lightweight business rules product that addresses the requirements for agility, business control, and transparency. IBM Operational Decision Full-featured platform for capturing, Manager automating and governing frequent, repeatable business decisions. CONCLUSSION Can we build an expert system from the ground up? Yes What open source alternatives are out there? None (so far) Are there any commercial ones? Cogito