Polar Operations James Vasatka Program Manager Regulatory Affair Commercial Airplanes

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Objective for the Session

Provide a forum to exchange information needed to implement safe and efficient Polar Operations

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in - Market Considerations for Polar Preparation FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Major milestone in North America-Asia Market Polar Routes offer New Opportunities

Open new nonstop markets WashingtonWashingtonChicagoChicago LosLos AngelesAngeles • More choices, convenience NewNew YorkYork SanSan FranciscoFrancisco • Minimize trip time, avoid crowded hubs More efficient operations

• Lower fuel expense LondonLondon FrankfurtFrankfurt • Shorter trips MoscowMoscow TokyoTokyo • Increased payload potential BeijingBeijing

SingaporeSingapore • Eliminates fuel stop KarachiKarachi DelhiDelhi

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Major milestone in North America-Asia Market Comparison of Polar vs Conventional Tracks JFK-PEK B-777 Current Polar Polar Tracks Savings & Gains Summer Season

Passenger Capacity 182 257 +75 Passengers Flight Time 16:26 15:17 -69 Minutes

Winter Season

Passenger Capacity 163 253 +90 Passengers Flight Time 16:45 15:20 -85 Minutes

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in North America - Asia Market Preparing for Polar Operations FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Preparing for Polar Operations Talk with airlines conducting polar operations

Understand the capabilities of the en route alternate airports in Russian

Develop diversion recovery plan

Develop cold fuel management procedures

Establish polar route MEL program

Prepare flight crews procedures and training

Establish dispatch/operations control procedures and training

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in North America - Asia Market Considerations for Polar Preparation FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations FAA Air Transportation Operations Inspector's Handbook

Order 8400.10

• Establishes a uniform process to validate a US carriers’ preparedness

• Documents requirements for polar operations

• Identifies equipment requirements

• Requires passenger recovery plan

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Issues Covered in FAA Guidance Material

• Specific area approval • MEL considerations • Definition of Polar Operations • Airline training issues • Designation of en route • Long-range crew alternates requirements • Airline recovery plan for • Dispatch and crew passengers at diversion considerations during solar alternates flare activity • Fuel freeze strategy and • Special equipment monitoring requirements • Validation requirements for • Communications area approval

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in North America - Asia Market Considerations for Polar Preparation FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Boeing Support for Polar Operations Airport Safety & Operational Assessment

Moscow

Syktyvkar Ekaterinburg Arkhangelsk Salekhard Urumqi Novosibirsk Bodo Murmansk Surveys

Norilsk Longyearbyen • July 1998 Bratsk • Dec. 1998 Lanzho Khatanga u • June 1999 UlaanbaatarIrkutsk Kangerlussuaq Mirny • Aug. 2000 Tiksi Pituffik Beijing Neryungri • Feb. 2001 Yakutsk Harbin Iqaluit• Aug. 2001

Seoul Khabarovsk Pevek Barrow Churchill Vladivostok Magadan Anadyr Yellow Knife Yuzno- Fairbanks Petropavlovsk Sakhalinsk -Kamchatsky Anchorage E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N S C ShemyaO N F E R E N C E Cold Bay Petropavlovsk resurveyed in Sept.2003 2002 Boeing Support for Polar Operations Cold Fuel Management Process

-45 to -49 C -50 to -55 C -55 to -59 C -60 to -64 C <-65 C

Fuel freeze may become an issue when Temperatures drop below -65 deg. C

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Boeing Support for Polar Operations Airlines Can Address Cold Fuel Issue During Dispatch

Fuel Temperature Prediction Program allows airlines to address cold fuel during dispatch process

MAS 777 Flight Plan - mas6203kg

-10

PLAN 6203 MAS5405 KPAE TO WMKK 777C M84/F IFR 04/25/01 NONSTOP COMPUTED 1737Z FOR ETD 1900Z PROGS 2512ADF WB173 KGS FTPP - MAS V1.0 04/25/2001 AT 11:24:35 -15

-20

TAT - C -25 Fuel T - C

Temperature - Degrees C Degrees - Temperature -30

-35

-40 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 Flight Time - Minutes

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Boeing Support for Polar Operations Navigation In the Polar Region

Navigation in the Polar Region requires special considerations – Magnetic moves – Convergence of longitude and latitude creates a unique navigational environment Boeing products are designed to address these considerations

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Boeing Support for Polar Operations Cosmic Radiation at Commercial Aircraft Altitudes

Exposure to cosmic radiation does

ChicagoChicago LosLos AngelesAngeles not pose a significant health risk WashingtonWashington SanSan FranciscoFrancisco NewNew YorkYork Flying, in general, results in exposure to higher radiation levels N55 AnchorageAnchorage Radiation dose accumulations depend primarily on the route, LondonLondon altitude & solar activity FrankfurtFrankfurt Polar routes experience higher

MoscowMoscow TokyoTokyo levels than equatorial routes

BeijingBeijing Polar Route reduce exposure time Delhi KarachiKarachi Delhi Singapore (Radiation Level Plateaus at N55)

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Boeing Support for Polar Operations Levels are similar to other long range flights

Comparison of Radiation at Commercial Aircraft Altitudes

ICRP Recommended Dose 100%

50%

Polar Routes New York to New York to Athens* to Tokyo*

0 Percent of ICRP Recommended Dose Dose Recommended ICRP of Percent

Note: The ICRP is the International Commission on Radiology Protection

* FAA Study on Radiation exposure

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in North America - Asia Market Considerations for Polar Preparation FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Status of Route Development Many Organizations Contributed

International Civil Aviation Organization Canada Mongolia Russian of America Russian American Coordinating Group for Air Traffic Nav Canada IATA Members ATA Members Boeing

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Status of Route Development Route Structure Continues to Evolve

Russia developing routes to meet airlines needs • Transition to Japan Open • Transitions between Polar Routes continues to evolve

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Status of Route Development Cross-Polar City Pairs

AirAir ChinaChina ContinentalContinental UnitedUnited

HongHong BeijingBeijing KongKong Newark/Newark/ NewNew YorkYork

TokyoTokyo ChicagoChicago

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Status of Route Development IATA is an Airline’s Voice to Address Remaining Challenges

Russian ATM Upgrades

• Potential Capacity Constraints • Chinese border crossings constraints • Routes merge with Russian and European traffic • Some Routes in China not straight and efficient

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Summary

• Natural evolution from 40 years operational experience in the Polar Region • Airlines are flying the routes • Opportunities are real • Challenges are real, but can be overcome successfully • Remaining challenges are being addressed through the RACGAT and by nation-to- nation discussions

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E Polar Operations Agenda

Major milestone in North America - Asia Market Considerations for Polar Preparation FAA Guidance Material

Boeing Support for Polar Operations

Status of the Route Development

Continental Airlines’ Polar Operations

General Discussion

E X T E N D E D O P E R A T I O N2003 S C O N F E R E N C E