Front Matter

Cambridge University Press 0521861187 - The Sonnets, Updated Edition Edited by G. Blakemore Evans Frontmatter More information

THE NEW CAMBRIDGE SHAKESPEARE

general editor Brian Gibbons

associate general editor A. R. Braunmuller

From the publication of the ﬁrst volumes in 1984 the General Editor of the New Cambridge Shakespeare was Philip Brockbank and the Associate General Editors were Brian Gibbons and Robin Hood. From 1990 to 1994 the General Editor was Brian Gibbons and the Associate General Editors were A. R. Braunmuller and Robin Hood.

THE SONNETS

In his own time, Shakespeare was best known to the reading public as a poet, and even today copies of his Sonnets regularly outsell everything else he wrote. For this new edition, Stephen Orgel offers a warmly personal and original introduction to Shakespeare’s best-loved and most widely read poems. Careful readings emphasise their sexual and temperamental ambiguity, their textual history and the special perils an editor faces when modernising the original quarto’s spelling, punctuation and even layout. The edition retains the text of the Sonnets prepared by Gwynne Evans, together with his detailed notes on each, and a line-by-line commentary. Throughout, the ‘voices’ of the Sonnets appear in all their intricacy and dramatic power.

THE NEW CAMBRIDGE SHAKESPEARE

All’s Well That Ends Well, edited by Russell Fraser Antony and Cleopatra, edited by David Bevington As You Like It, edited by Michael Hattaway The Comedy of Errors, edited by T. S. Dorsch Coriolanus, edited by Lee Bliss Hamlet, edited by Philip Edwards Julius Caesar, edited by Marvin Spevack King Edward III, edited by Giorgio Melchiori The First Part of King Henry IV, edited by Herbert Weil and Judith Weil The Second Part of King Henry IV, edited by Giorgio Melchiori King Henry V, edited by Andrew Gurr The First Part of King Henry VI, edited by Michael Hattaway The Second Part of King Henry VI, edited by Michael Hattaway The Third Part of King Henry VI, edited by Michael Hattaway King Henry VIII, edited by John Margeson King John, edited by L. A. Beaurline King Lear, edited by Jay L. Halio King Richard II, edited by Andrew Gurr King Richard III, edited by Janis Lull Macbeth, edited by A. R. Braunmuller Measure for Measure, edited by Brian Gibbons The Merchant of Venice, edited by M. M. Mahood The Merry Wives of Windsor, edited by David Crane A Midsummer Night’s Dream, edited by R. A. Foakes Much Ado About Nothing, edited by F.H. Mares Othello, edited by Norman Sanders Pericles, edited by Doreen DelVecchio and Antony Hammond The Poems, edited by John Roe Romeo and Juliet, edited by G. Blakemore Evans The Sonnets, edited by G. Blakemore Evans The Taming of the Shrew, edited by Ann Thompson The Tempest, edited by David Lindley Titus Andronicus, edited by Alan Hughes Troilus and Cressida, edited by Anthony B. Dawson Twelfth Night, edited by Elizabeth Story Donno The Two Gentlemen of Verona, edited by Kurt Schlueter

the early quartos The First Quarto of Hamlet, edited by Kathleen O. Irace The First Quarto of King Henry V, edited by Andrew Gurr The First Quarto of King Lear, edited by Jay L. Halio The First Quarto of Othello, edited by Scott McMillin The First Quarto of King Richard III, edited by Peter Davison The Taming of a Shrew, edited by Stephen Roy Miller

THE SONNETS Updated edition

Edited by G. BLAKEMORE EVANS

With a new Introduction by STEPHEN ORGEL Jackson Eli Reynolds Professor of Humanities, Stanford University

cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521678377 c Cambridge University Press, 1996, 2006

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 1996 Reprinted 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004 Updated edition 2006

Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data

isbn-13 978-0-521-86118-2 hardback isbn-10 0-521-86118-7 hardback isbn-13 978-0-521-67837-7 paperback isbn-10 0-521-67837-4 paperback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

CONTENTS

List of illustrations page vi Preface vii List of abbreviations and conventions viii Introduction by Stephen Orgel 1 Note on the text 23 The Sonnets 25 The Commentary 104 Textual analysis 258 Appendix: Manuscript copies of the Sonnets 268 Reading list 272 Index of ﬁrst lines 274

ILLUSTRATIONS

1 The title page of the 1609 quarto page 4 2 Thomas Thorpe’s so-called ‘Dedication’ prefaced to the 1609 quarto 7 3 The title page and facing portrait of the 1640 poems 9

Illustrations are reproduced by permission of the Houghton Library, Harvard University.

PREFACE

An editor of Shakespeare’s Sonnets incurs perhaps even larger debts than an editor of one of Shakespeare’s plays, except possibly Hamlet. Like all more recent scholars, I am most substantially indebted to the New Variorum Sonnets (2 vols., 1944) edited by the late Professor Hyder Edward Rollins, who, with the kind rigour for which he was so affectionately known, guided, by precept and example, my graduate studies many years ago. Scarcely less important, of course, is my debt to the scholarship of the last thirty years, particularly to the editions by W. G. Ingram and Theodore Redpath (1964), Stephen Booth (rev. edn, 1978), and John Kerrigan (1986). Considerations of space have forced me to treat the work of earlier editors and critics – those included in the New Variorum – as, in a sense, public property; hence, their work has generally been cited without individual acknowledgement. However, I have tried, wherever possible, to acknowledge the many new critical insights offered by Ingram and Redpath, Booth, and Kerrigan, whose approach to the Sonnets takes fresh and somewhat more analytical directions. I have been, as usual, particularly fortunate in the generous help I received from old friends and colleagues: special thanks are due to Professor Helen Vendler, who took time out from her own study of the Sonnets to read through my Commentary, correcting my missteps and suggesting incisive and critically sensitive glosses, and to Professors Heather Dubrow, John Klause, and J. J. M. Tobin, who also read several parts of the Commentary and offered sound advice and many helpful suggestions. I am further indebted to the General and Associate Editors of the New Cambridge Shakespeare, Professors Brian Gibbons and A. R. Braunmuller and Mr R. C. Hood, each of whom not only gave me unstinting and valuable criticism but contributed new and perceptive notes of their own, and to Ms Sarah Stanton, Mr Paul Chipchase, and Miss Judith Harte of the Cambridge University Press, who were responsible for seeing the edition through the press, and who (as before) exercised an oft-tried patience in the face of mighty odds. What shortcomings and errors remain – all too many, I fear – are my responsibility alone. I am also most grateful to Professors Douglas Bruster and Scott Gordon. Between them, while ﬁnishing their graduate work, they transformed a messy and frequently illegible manuscript into a model of sightly tidiness – all with the wave of a computer mouse. As always, I have received ready aid from the staffs of the Widener and Houghton Libraries, with specially notable help from Miss Carolyn Fawcett and Mrs Marion Schoon. My greatest debt, as ever, is to my wife – for her more than ﬁfty years of loving care and unshakable support. G. B. E.

vii

ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS

Shakespeare’s plays, when cited in this edition, are abbreviated in a style modiﬁed slightly from that used in the Harvard Concordance to Shakespeare. Other editions of Shakespeare are abbreviated under the editor’s surname (Malone, Ingram and Redpath) unless they are the work of several editors. In such cases, an abbreviated series title is used (Cam.). When more than one edition by the same editor is cited, later editions are discriminated with a raised ﬁgure (Gildon 2). All quotations from Shakespeare, except those from the Sonnets, use the text and lineation of The Riverside Shakespeare, textual editor, G. Blakemore Evans.

I. Shakespeare’s plays Ado Much Ado About Nothing Ant. Antony and Cleopatra AWW All’s Well That Ends Well AYLI As You Like It Cor. Coriolanus Cym. Cymbeline Err. The Comedy of Errors Ham. Hamlet 1H4 The First Part of King Henry the Fourth 2H4 The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth H5 King Henry the Fifth 1H6 The First Part of King Henry the Sixth 2H6 The Second Part of King Henry the Sixth 3H6 The Third Part of King Henry the Sixth H8 King Henry the Eighth JC Julius Caesar John King John LLL Love’s Labour’s Lost Lear King Lear Mac. Macbeth MM Measure for Measure MND A Midsummer Night’s Dream MV The Merchant of Venice Oth. Othello Per. Pericles R2 King Richard the Second R3 King Richard the Third Rom. Romeo and Juliet Shr. The Taming of the Shrew STM Sir Thomas More Temp. The Tempest TGV The Two Gentlemen of Verona Tim. Timon of Athens

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ix List of abbreviations and conventions

Tit. Titus Andronicus TN Twelfth Night TNK The Two Noble Kinsmen Tro. Troilus and Cressida Wiv. The Merry Wives of Windsor WT The Winter’s Tale

2. Other works cited and general references Abbott E. A. Abbott, A Shakespearian Grammar, 3rd edn, 1872 (references are to numbered paragraphs) Adams J. Q. Adams (in Rollins) Alden Sonnets, ed. R. M. Alden, 1916 Alexander Works, ed. Peter Alexander, 1951 AV The Authorised Version of the Bible, 1611 (also known as the King James Bible) Baldwin T. W. Baldwin, Literary Genetics of Shakspere’s Poems and Sonnets, 1950 Barnes Barnabe Barnes, Parthenophil and Parthenophe (1593), ed. V. A. Doyno, 1971 Barnﬁeld Richard Barnﬁeld, Poems, ed. Montague Summers, n.d. Beaumont Francis Beaumont, Salmacis and Hermaphroditus (1602)in Elizabethan Narrative Verse, ed. Nigel Alexander, 1968 Beeching Sonnets, ed. H. C. Beeching, 1904 Bell Poems, ed. Robert Bell, 1855 (English Poets) Benson Poems: Written by Wil. Shake-speare. Gent., published by John Benson, 1640 Bevington Works, ed. David Bevington, 4th edn, 1992 Bishops’ Bible Translation of the Bible revised by the English and Welsh bishops, 1568, based on the Great Bible of 1539 Book of Common Prayer Cited in the 1st edition (1549), unless otherwise noted; 2nd edn, 1552; 3rd edn, 1559 Booth Shakespeare’s Sonnets, ed. Stephen Booth, 1977 (rev. edn, 1978, here cited) Booth, Essay Stephen Booth, Essay on Shakespeare’s Sonnets, 1969 Boswell Works, ed. James Boswell, vol. xx, 1821 Brandon Samuel Brandon, The Virtuous Octavia (1598), ed. R. B. McKerrow, MSR, 1909 Braunmuller A. R. Braunmuller (privately) Breton Nicholas Breton, Works, ed. A. B. Grosart, 2 vols., 1875–9 Brooke Shakespeare’s Sonnets, ed. Tucker Brooke, 1936 Burto Sonnets, ed. William Burto, 1964 (Signet) Bush Sonnets, ed. Douglas Bush and Alfred Harbage, 1961 (Pelican) Butler Shakespeare’s Sonnets, ed. Samuel Butler, 1899 Cam. Works, ed. W. G. Clark, John Glover, and W. A. Wright, vol. ix, 1866 (Cambridge) Cam. 2 Works, ed. W. A. Wright, vol. ix, 1893 (Cambridge)

List of abbreviations and conventions x

Campion Thomas Campion, Works, ed. Percival Vivian, 1909 Capell Unpublished edn prepared by Edward Capell in a copy of Lintott’s reprint (1711)ofq (1609) Castiglione Baldassare Castiglione, The Courtier (trans. Sir Thomas Hoby (1561), Everyman edn, n.d.) Catullus Poems, ed. and trans. F.W. Cornish, 2nd edn rev. by G. P. Goold, 1988 (Loeb) Cellini Sonnets, ed. Benvenuto Cellini, in Vita e Arte nei Sonetti di Shakespeare, 1943 Cercignani Fausto Cercignani, Shakespeare’s Works and Elizabethan Pronunciation, 1981 Chapman, Plays George Chapman, Plays, General Editor, Allan Holaday, 2 vols., 1970, 1987 Chapman, Poems George Chapman, Poems, ed. P. B. Bartlett, 1941 Chapman’s Homer Chapman’s Homer, ed. Allardyce Nicoll, 2 vols., 1956 Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer, The Riverside Chaucer, General Editor, L. D. Benson, 1987 Collier Works, ed. J. P. Collier, vol. viii, 1843 Collier 2 Works, ed. J. P. Collier, vol. vi, 1858 conj. conjecture Constable Henry Constable, Poems, ed. Joan Grundy, 1960 corr. corrected state of q (1609) Cotgrave Randle Cotgrave, A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, 1611 Craig Works, ed. W. J. Craig, 1891 (Oxford) Daniel Samuel Daniel, Works, ed. A. B. Grosart, 5 vols., 1885–96 Davies Sir John Davies, Poems, ed. Robert Krueger, 1975 Davies of Hereford John Davies, Works, ed. A. B. Grosart, 2 vols., 1878 Dekker Thomas Dekker, Works [non-dramatic], ed. A. B. Grosart, 5 vols., 1864–86 Delius Werke, ed. Nicolaus Delius, vol. vii, 1860 Donne John Donne, The Elegies and the Songs and Sonnets, ed. Helen Gardner, 1965 John Donne, The Divine Poems, ed. Helen Gardner, 1952 John Donne, Ignatius His Conclave, ed. T. S. Healy, 1969 Dowden Sonnets, ed. Edward Dowden, 1881 Drayton Michael Drayton, Works, ed. J. W. Hebel, 5 vols., 1931–41 Duncan-Jones Katherine Duncan-Jones, ‘Was the 1609 Shake-speares Sonnets really unauthorized?’, RES, new series, 34 (1983), 151–71 Dyce (1832) Poems, ed. Alexander Dyce, 1832 (Aldine Poets) Dyce Works, ed. Alexander Dyce, vol. vi, 1857 Dyce 2 Works, ed. Alexander Dyce, vol. viii, 1866 Edward III The Raigne of King Edward the Third (1596), ed. C. F.Tucker Brooke, in The Shakespeare Apocrypha, 1908 ELN English Languages Notes Empson, Ambiguity William Empson, Seven Types of Ambiguity, 1931 Empson, Complex William Empson, The Structure of Complex Words,[1951] Empson, Pastoral William Empson, Some Versions of Pastoral, rev. edn, 1968 Evans Poems, printed for Thomas Evans, 1775

xi List of abbreviations and conventions

Ewing Poems, printed for Thomas Ewing, 1771 Fletcher the Elder Giles Fletcher (the Elder), English Works, ed. L. E. Berry, 1964 Fletcher the Younger Giles (the Younger) and Phineas Fletcher, Poetical Works, ed. F.S. Boas, 2 vols., 1908–9 Franz Wilhelm Franz, Die Sprache Shakespeares, 1939 (4th edn of Shakespeare-Grammatik) (references are to numbered paragraphs) Geneva Translation of the Bible by scholars of Calvinist sympathy, 1560 Gentleman Poems, ed. Francis Gentleman, 1774 Gibbons Brian Gibbons (privately) Gildon Poems, ed. Charles Gildon, 1710 (vol. vii of Works, ed. Nicholas Rowe, 1709) Gildon 2 Poems, ed. Charles Gildon, 1714 (vol. ix of Works, ed. Nicholas Rowe, 1714) Globe Works, ed. W. G. Clark and W. A. Wright, 1864 Golding Arthur Golding, trans., The. xv. Bookes of P. Ovidius Naso, entytuled Metamorphosis (1576), ed. W. H. D. Rouse, 1904 Greene Robert Greene, Works, ed. A. B. Grosart, 15 vols., 1881–6 Greville Fulke Greville (Lord Brooke), Poems and Dramas, ed. Geoffrey Bullough, 2 vols., 1945 Guilpin Everard Guilpin, Skialetheia (1598/9), ed. D. A. Carroll, 1974 Hall Joseph Hall, Collected Poems, ed. A. Davenport, 1949 Halliwell Works, ed. J. O. Halliwell[-Phillipps], vol. xvi, 1865 Harrison Sonnets, ed. G. B. Harrison, 1938 (Penguin) Hazlitt Supplementary Works, ed. William Hazlitt, 1852 Herbert George Herbert, Works, ed. F.E. Hutchinson, 1941 Herford Works, ed. C. H. Herford, vol. x, 1899 Hoby Sir Thomas Hoby, see Castiglione Hood R. C. Hood (privately) Horace Odes and Epodes, ed. and trans. C. E. Bennett, 1914 (Loeb) Satires, ed. and trans. H. R. Fairclough, 1929 Hotson Leslie Hotson, Shakespeare’s Sonnets Dated and Other Essays, 1949 Hubler Songs and Poems, ed. Edward Hubler, 1959 Hudson Works, ed. H. N. Hudson, vol. xi, 1856 Hudson 2 Works, ed. H. N. Hudson, vol. xx, 1881 Ingram and Redpath Sonnets, ed. W. G. Ingram and Theodore Redpath, 1964 Jackson MacD. P. Jackson, ‘Punctuation and the compositors of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, 1609’, The Library, ﬁfth series, 30 (1975), 1–24 Jonson Ben Jonson, ed. C. H. Herford and Percy Simpson, 11 vols., 1925–52 Joseph Sister Miriam Joseph, Shakespeare and the Arts of Language, 1947 Keightley Plays and Poems, ed. Thomas Keightley, 1865 Kerrigan Sonnets and A Lover’s Complaint, ed. John Kerrigan, 1986 (New Penguin)

List of abbreviations and conventions xii

Kittredge Works, ed. G. L. Kittredge, 1936 Knight Works, ed. Charles Knight, ‘Tragedies’, vol. ii, 1841 Kokeritz¨ Helge Kokeritz,¨ Shakespeare’s Pronunciation, 1953 Landry H. J. Landry, Interpretations in Shakespeare’s Sonnets, 1963 Leishman J. B. Leishman, Themes and Variations in Shakespeare’s Sonnets, 2nd edn, 1963 Lever Christopher Lever, Queene Elizabeths Tears (1607), ed. A. B. Grosart, 1872 Lintott A Collection of Poems, printed for Bernard Lintott, vol. ii, [1711] (a semi-diplomatic reprint of q) Lodge Thomas Lodge, Rosalynde (1590), ed. Geoffrey Bullough, in Narrative and Dramatic Sources of Shakespeare, vol. ii, 1958 Lyly John Lyly, Works, ed. R. W. Bond, 3 vols., 1902 Mahood M. M. Mahood, Shakespeare’s Wordplay, 1957 Malone Supplement to the Edition of Shakespeare’s Plays Published in 1778, ed. Edmond Malone, vol. i, 1780 Malone 2 Works, ed. Edmond Malone, vol. x, 1790 Marlowe Christopher Marlowe, Works, ed. Fredson Bowers, 2 vols., 1973 Martial Epigrams, ed. and trans. N. C. Ker, 2 vols., 1919–20 (Loeb) Martin P. J. Martin, Shakespeare’s Sonnets: Self, Love, and Art, 1972 Massey Shakespeare’s Sonnets Never Before Interpreted, ed. Gerald Massey, 1866 Massey 2 Secret Drama of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, ed. Gerald Massey, 1888 Melchiori Giorgio Melchiori, Shakespeare’s Dramatic Meditations: An Experiment in Criticism, 1976 Meres Francis Meres, Treatise ‘Poetrie’ (from Palladis Tamia, 1598), ed. D. C. Allen, 1933 MP Modern Philology MSR Malone Society Reprints Munro Works (London), ed. John Munro, vol. iv, 1958 Murden Poems, printed for A. Murden etc., [1741?] N&Q Notes and Queries Nashe Thomas Nashe, Works, ed. R. B. McKerrow, 5 vols., 1904–10 (rev. F.P. Wilson, 1958) Neilson Works, ed. W. A. Neilson, 1906 Neilson 2 Works, ed. W. A. Neilson and C. J. Hill, 1942 ODEP Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, 3rd edn, 1970 OED Oxford English Dictionary Oulton Poems (vol. ii), ed. W. C. Oulton, 1804 Ovid Metamorphoses, ed. and trans. F.J. Miller, 2 vols., 1916 (Loeb; see also Golding) Amores, ed. and trans. Grant Showerman, 2nd edn, rev. by G. P. Goold, 1986 (Loeb) Ars Amatoria and Remedia Amoris, ed. and trans. J. H. Mozley, 2nd edn, rev. by G. P. Goold, 1979 (Loeb) Palgrave Songs and Sonnets, ed. F.T. Palgrave, 1865 Partridge Eric Partridge, Shakespeare’s Bawdy, rev. edn, 1968

xiii List of abbreviations and conventions

Pequigney Joseph Pequigney, Such Is My Love: A Study of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, 1985 Petrarch Francesco Petrarca, Lyric Poems (Rime sparse),trans.R.M. Durling, 1976 Plato Lysis, Symposium, Gorgias, ed. and trans. W. R. M. Lamb, 1925 (Loeb) PMLA Publications of the Modern Language Association of America Pooler Sonnets, ed. C. Knox Pooler, 1918 (rev. edn, 1931, here cited) (Arden) Porter Sonnets and Minor Poems, ed. Charlotte Porter, 1912 PQ Philological Quarterly Puttenham George Puttenham, The Arte of English Poesie (1589), ed. G. D. Willcock and Alice Walker, 1936 q Shake-speares Sonnets. Neuer before Imprinted, published by Thomas Thorpe, 1609 (facsimiles by Sidney Lee (Oxford), 1905; J. M. Osborn (Yale), 1964) Raleigh Sir Walter Raleigh, Poems, ed. A. M. C. Latham, 1951 RES Review of English Studies Ridley Sonnets, ed. M. R. Ridley, 1934 (New Temple) Riverside The Riverside Shakespeare, textual editor, G. Blakemore Evans, 1974 Rolfe Poems, ed. W. J. Rolfe, 1890 Rollins Sonnets, ed. H. E. Rollins, 2 vols., 1944 (New Variorum) Rollins (1951) Sonnets, ed. H. E. Rollins, 1951 (Crofts Classics) Rowse Sonnets, ed. A. L. Rowse, 1984 (3rd edn) SB Studies in Bibliography Schmidt Alexander Schmidt, Shakespeare Lexicon, rev. Gregor Sarrazin, 1902 Sewell Poems, ed. George Sewell, 1725 (vol. vii of Works, ed. Alexander Pope, 1723–5) Sewell 2 Poems, ed. George Sewell, 1728 (vol. x of Works, ed. Alexander Pope, 1728) Seymour-Smith Sonnets, ed. Martin Seymour-Smith, 1963 Sidney Sir Philip Sidney, Arcadia (1590), Arcadia (1593), Old Arcadia (from MS.), in Prose Works, ed. Albert Feuillerat, 3 vols., 1922, 1926 Sir Philip Sidney, Poems, ed. W. A. Ringler, 1962 Sir Philip Sidney, An Apology for Poetry, ed. F.G. Robinson, 1970 Simpson Percy Simpson, Shakespearian Punctuation, 1911 Sisson Works, ed. C. J. Sisson, 1954 Sisson, New Readings C. J. Sisson, New Readings in Shakespeare, 2 vols., 1956 SP Studies in Philology Spenser Edmund Spenser, Works (Variorum), ed. Edwin Greenlaw et al., 8 vols., 1932–49 SQ Shakespeare Quarterly S.Sur. Shakespeare Survey Staunton Works, ed. Howard Staunton, vol. iii, 1860 Steevens George Steevens, see Malone subst. substantively

List of abbreviations and conventions xiv

Taylor Gary Taylor, ‘Some manuscripts of Shakespeare’s Sonnets’, Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, 68 (1985), 210–46 Theobald Lewis Theobald, see Rollins (New Variorum) Tilley M. P. Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, 1950 (references are to numbered proverbs) Tobin J. J. M. Tobin (privately) Tottel Tottel’s Miscellany (1557–1587), ed. H. E. Rollins, 2 vols., 1928 (rev. edn, 1965) Tucker Sonnets, ed. T. G. Tucker, 1924 Tyler Sonnets, ed. Thomas Tyler, 1890 Tyrwhitt Thomas Tyrwhitt, Observations and Conjectures upon Some Passages of Shakespeare, 1766 uncorr. uncorrected state of q (1609) Vendler Helen Vendler (privately) Verity Works, ed. A. W. Verity, vol. viii, 1890 (Henry Irving Shakespeare) Walsh Sonnets, ed. C. M. Walsh, 1908 Watson Thomas Watson, Poems, ed. Edward Arber, 1870 Wells Works, ed. Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor, 1986 (New Oxford) White Works, ed. R. G. White, vol. i, 1865 White 2 Works, ed. R. G. White, vol. iv, 1883 Willen and Reed Sonnets (A Case Book on), ed. Gerald Willen and V. B. Reed, 1964 Wilson Thomas Wilson, The Arte of Rhetorique (1553), ed. T. J. Derrick, 1982 Dover Wilson Sonnets, ed. J. Dover Wilson, 1966 (New Shakespeare) K. M. Wilson Katherine M. Wilson, Shakespeare’s Sugared Sonnets, 1974 Wyatt Sir Thomas Wyatt, Collected Poems, ed. K. Muir and P. Thomson, 1969 Wyndham Poems, ed. George Wyndham, 1898 Yale Sonnets, ed. E. B. Reed, 1923 (Yale)