UNEP-WCMC technical report

Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas

(Version edited for public release)

Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas 2 Prepared for The European Commission, Directorate General Environment, Directorate E - Global & Regional Challenges, LIFE ENV.E.2. – Global Sustainability, Trade & Multilateral Agreements, Brussels, Belgium

Published June 2015

Copyright European Commission 2015

Citation UNEP-WCMC. 2015. Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge.

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Contents 3 Executive summary ...... 4 Table 1: New or increased quotas in 2015 that may require further review...... 4 Introduction ...... 5 Species with new quotas in 2015 ...... 7 Species with increased quotas in 2015 ...... 9 Species with decreased quotas in 2015 ...... 11 Table 2: Species subject to newly established quotas in 2015...... 12 Table 3: Species subject to increased quotas in 2015...... 21 Table 4: Species subject to decreased quotas in 2015...... 26

Executive summary 4

This report analyses the newly published 2015 CITES export quotas and highlights any cases that may potentially require particular attention by the SRG and/or further in-depth review. The selection of 2015 quotas that may require further review is summarised in Table 1. Table 1: New or increased quotas in 2015 that may require further review.

Quota Country Taxon 2015 Notes change quota

New Fiji Various Scleractinia spp. various New quotas published for five species and eight genera.

Indonesia Echinophyllia spp. 1500 live Eleven species within this genus reported to occur in Indonesia. Identification to genus level is acceptable as per Notification No. 2013/035.

Malaysia Varanus spp. (Sabah) 3000 Five species reported to occur in Malaysia (Böhme, 2003; Pianka et al., 2004). Varanus salvator is common, widespread (Pianka et al., 2004) and LC; V. bengalensis is LC; other taxa not yet assessed by IUCN. V. dumerilii and V. rudicollis are rare in populated areas and little known (Pianka et al., 2004).

Various corals (Peninsular various Stony and soft corals: new quotas were published and Sabah) for two species and 19 coral genera from Peninsular Malaysia, and for seven species and 46 genera from Sabah.

Increase Fiji Various Scleractinia spp. various Increased quotas published for two species and four genera.

Introduction 5

This report analyses the 2015 CITES export quotas to identify any changes and to highlight any new or increased quotas that may warrant a review to determine the effects on the conservation status of the species concerned.

National export quotas for CITES-listed taxa are an important tool to manage and monitor international wildlife trade. According to Resolution Conf. 14.7 (Rev. CoP15), the establishment or revision of an export quota should be based on a non-detriment finding (NDF) by the Scientific Authority of the exporting country, and the NDF should be reviewed annually. Once such annual quotas are established, the need for an NDF for each individual shipment of the species concerned is eliminated.

The EU, through stricter measures outlined in the EU Wildlife Trade Regulations, requires an NDF by importing Member States and therefore monitors newly established quotas and changes to previous quota levels to assess the situation, where necessary, or to reassess SRG opinions or EU decisions. Similarly, by assessing the new quotas early each year, the SRG can advise on the treatment of anticipated import applications within the EU.

Export quotas are usually established by each Party to CITES unilaterally on a voluntary basis, but quotas can also be set by the Conference of the Parties, or result from recommendations of the Animals and Plants Committees. To ensure that national quotas are effectively communicated and implemented on permits and certificates, countries should inform the CITES Secretariat when they establish national export quotas for CITES species (Resolution Conf. 12.3 (Rev. CoP16)). In turn, the Secretariat informs the Parties by publishing a list of national export quotas of which it has been informed on the CITES website (www.cites.org/eng/resources/quotas/index.php). Once published, quotas can also be accessed online via Species+ (speciesplus.net).

Quotas generally relate to a calendar year (1st January to 31st December); however, since 2008 sturgeon quotas have related to a ‘quota year’ (1st March to last day of February). For species of Acipenseriformes, quotas should be established and communicated to the CITES Secretariat for meat and caviar from stocks shared between different Range States (Resolution Conf. 12.7 (Rev. CoP16)). Guidance on the ‘Management of nationally established export quotas’ is available through Resolution Conf. 14.7 (Rev. CoP15). If no quotas have been communicated to the CITES Secretariat by 31st December of the previous year, “the relevant range States have a zero quota until such time as they communicate their quotas in writing to the Secretariat and the Secretariat in turn informs the Parties”, as per the recommendations detailed in Resolution Conf. 12.7 (Rev. CoP16).

In 2015, quotas for non-Acipenseriformes were first published on the CITES website on 02/02/2015 and updates were published on 31/03/2015, 30/04/2015 and 01/06/2015 (report finalised on 29/05/2015). Quotas for Acipenseriformes for the period 1st March 2015 – 29th February 2016 were published for 13 Parties on the CITES website on 15/04/2015.

This report analyses the 2015 CITES export quotas to identify changes in quotas between 2014 and 2015 (or the most recent quota in the previous five years, including 2010) and to bring to the attention of the SRG cases where further review may be warranted to assess how these changes might affect the conservation status of the taxon or its area of distribution.

The report outlines: 6 a) Quotas that were newly established in 2015 (i.e. 2015 quotas for particular taxon/country/term/source combinations that have not previously been subject to a quota or have not been subject to a quota since 2010;

b) Quotas that increased in 2015 compared with 2014 quotas (or compared with the most recent quota since 2010 if no quota was published in 2014).

c) Quotas that decreased in 2015 compared with 2014 quotas (or compared with the most recent quota since 2010 if no quota was published in 2014).

The national export quotas published on the CITES website are voluntary export quotas established by Parties, and their publication does not imply endorsement by the Secretariat. The published quotas may contain discrepancies as submitted by Parties, which may lead to some quotas erroneously being identified as new, increased or decreased quotas within this analysis.

To identify quotas that may require further in-depth review, criteria such as the level of quota increase, time since last assessment by the SRG, IUCN listing information (IUCN, 2015) and population status data are taken into consideration for those taxa subject to new or increased quotas.

Taxa with new quotas in 2015 7

New quotas established in 2015 that may potentially warrant further enquiries and, pending these, further in-depth review include Varanus spp. from Malaysia, Echinophyllia spp. from Indonesia, and a number of coral species and genera from Fiji and Malaysia.

An overview of newly established quotas in 2015 is presented in Table 2. The following taxon/country combinations may potentially warrant a more in-depth review on the basis of newly established quotas in 2015: 1. New quotas that may warrant further review Taxa that potentially warrant review include:

 Varanus spp./Malaysia (Sabah): A new quota of 3000 (term not specified) for Sabah Province was published at genus level. Five species reported from Malaysia (Böhme, 2003; Pianka et al., 2004). Varanus salvator was reported to be common and widespread (Pianka et al., 2004) and assessed as LC. V. bengalensis was assessed as LC, while three other species have not been assessed by the IUCN: V. dumerilii, V. nebulosus and V. rudicollis. V. dumerilii and V. rudicollis were reported to be rare in populated areas and little known (Pianka et al., 2004).

 Echinophyllia spp./Indonesia: A new quota of 1500 live corals was published at genus level. Eleven species reported from Indonesia of which five were categorised as LC, two NT, one VU, one EN, one DD, one has not yet been assessed. Identification to genus level is acceptable as per Notification No. 2013/035. A number of coral genera were reviewed recently (UNEP-WCMC, 2014).

 Various Scleractinia species and genera/Fiji: New quotas were published for five species (Catalaphyllia jardinei, VU; Euphyllia paraancora, VU; Tubastraea faulkneri (not yet assessed); Tubastraea micranthus (not yet assessed) and Diploastrea heliopora, NT) and eight genera. The eight genus level quotas account for 44 species, of which 29 were categorised as LC, five as NT, eight as VU and two have not yet been assessed. Several corals from Fiji were reviewed recently (UNEP-WCMC, 2015).

 Corals/Malaysia: A large number of new quotas were published for stony corals and soft corals, as described below. As a first step, the Commission may wish to contact Malaysia to seek further information on the basis for the new quotas, including any management plans, harvest guidelines and monitoring. New quotas were established for the following taxa:

o Various coral species and genera/Peninsular: New quotas were published for one species (Diploastrea heliopora, NT) and 19 coral genera. The 19 genus level quotas include 244 species of which 98 were categorised as LC, 70 as NT, 55 as VU, 2 as EN, 12 as DD and 7 have not yet been assessed. Malaysia published a zero quota for all Anthozoa specimens from Sabah in 2014.

o Various stony and soft coral species and genera/Sabah: New quotas were published for six species (Catalaphyllia jardinei, VU; Plerogyra turbida, VU; Diploastrea heliopora, NT; Polyphyllia talpina, LC; Cynarina lacrymalis, NT; and Trachyphyllia geoffroyi, NT) and 44 genera. The 44 genus level quotas include 361

species of which 157 were categorised as LC, 98 as NT, 70 as VU, five as EN, 14 as DD and 17 have not yet been assessed. 8 o Tubipora musica/Malaysia: New quotas were published for 1000 and 948 live, wild specimens from Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah, respectively; the species was categorised as NT globally.

o Millepora spp./Sabah: New quota was published for 2262 live specimens. Five species occur in Malaysia, all of which are considered LC globally.

o Distichopora spp./Sabah: New quota was published for 2284 live specimens. One species reported from Malaysia; the species has not yet been assessed by the IUCN, but was considered common on Indo-Pacific reefs (Veron, 2000). 2. New quotas for species subject to import restrictions The following three newly-established quotas in 2015 are for species/country combinations for which the EU has a current import suspension:

 Loxodonta africana/Cameroon: New quota for 80 raw ivory (unit not specified).

 Chitra chitra/Malaysia: New zero quota for live specimens.

 Uroplatus sameiti/Madagascar: New zero quota for live specimens.

There were no newly-established quotas in 2015 for species/country combinations for which the EU has a current negative SRG opinion. 3. Other quotas of note Quotas for wild-sourced specimens where the country is not a range state  Chamaeleo senegalensis/Ethiopia: New quota for 2000 individuals. No quota published in the last five years, previously quotas for 2000 live individuals were published in 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009. This species was categorised as LC. The species’ Western African distribution ranges from Senegal to Cameroon; it does not appear to occur in Ethiopia. The quota may therefore refer to captive-bred specimens.

Quotas for Scleractinia live rock/substrate  Scleractinia spp./Fiji: New quota of 315 075 kg was published for live rock.

 Scleractinia spp./Malaysia: New quota of 448 000 and 120 000 was published for substrate for Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah, respectively; the unit was not specified.

Quotas for artificially propagated or captive born/bred specimens  Testudo horsfieldii/Uzbekistan: New quota of 5000 live captive-bred specimens, in addition to 45 000 live ranched and 50 000 live wild-sourced specimens.

 Acipenser baeri/Iran: New quotas were published for 100 kg caviar and 6000 kg meat from aquaculture.

 Acipenser ruthenus/Iran: New quota was published for 100 kg caviar from aquaculture.

 Galanthus woronowii/Turkey: New quota of 2 000 000 artificially propagated bulbs, in addition to a quota of 3 000 000 wild-taken bulbs.

Taxa with increased quotas in 9 2015

Increases in 2015 quotas compared to those established in previous years that may require further enquiries, and potentially further review, have been identified for six coral taxa from Fiji.

The full list of taxa for which quotas increased in 2015 is presented in Table 3. The text below highlights taxon/country combinations that have been identified as potentially warranting a more in-depth review on the basis of increased quotas in 2015.

Some taxon/country combinations had increased quotas in 2015, but had been reviewed relatively recently, and a number of increased quotas were also published for captive born or bred/artificially propagated specimens, or species that are subject to import restrictions. 1. Increased quotas that may warrant further review A number of coral taxa from Fiji that are globally threatened or that have not yet been assessed were subject to increases in quotas:

 Various Scleractinia/Fiji: Fiji published increased quotas for Galaxea fascicularis (NT; 88%), Pachyseris rugosa (VU; 52%), Acrhelia spp. (17%), Favia spp. (17%), Goniastrea spp. (30%) and Pectinia spp. (11%). Several corals from Fiji were reviewed recently (UNEP- WCMC, 2015).

2. Previously reviewed species of potential concern The following species/country combinations may be of potential concern; however, they have been reviewed recently and therefore a review may not be necessary at this stage:

 Cyclamen cilicium/Turkey: Turkey published a quota of 200 000 wild-taken tubers, an increase of 100% on the 2014 quota, as well as a quota of 300 000 artificially propagated tubers, representing an increase of 50%. The species has not yet been assessed by the IUCN. Trade in the species from Turkey was reviewed on the basis of levels of trade in 2005. Available information at that time indicated that trade was well managed, and a positive opinion was formed on 26/05/2008 and confirmed on 16/02/2010.

 Cyclamen coum/Turkey: Turkey published a quota of 700 000 wild-taken tubers, an increase of 16.7% on the 2014 quota, as well as a quota of 250 000 artificially propagated tubers, representing an increase of 67%. The species has not yet been assessed by the IUCN. Trade in the species from Turkey was reviewed following an increase in quota in 2007. Available information at that time indicated that trade was well managed, and a positive opinion was formed on 14/09/2007. The positive opinion was confirmed on 26/05/2008 and again on 16/02/2010.

3. Increased quotas for species subject to EU import restrictions 10 One species/country combination with increased quotas in 2015 is subject to current EU import suspensions:

 Pelochelys cantorii/Indonesia: Quota increased by 8% to 54 live individuals.

One species/country combination with increased quotas in 2015 is subject to current negative opinion by the SRG.

 Tillandsia xerographica/Guatemala: Quota increased by 36% to 421 570 artificially propagated plants. Negative opinion formed on 03/12/2010 and confirmed on 07/02/2013 - applies to artificially propagated specimens without cataphylls. 4. Other quotas of note

Quotas for artificially propagated or captive born/bred specimens Increased quotas were published for seven artificially propagated or captive born/bred specimens (% increase provided in brackets, see Table 3 for details):

 Colombia: Phyllobates terribilis (1%), P. aurotaenia (8%), and Dendrobates auratus (21%);

 Turkey: Galanthus elwesii (100%);

 United Republic of Tanzania: Stigmochelys pardalis (31%) and Malacochersus tornieri (70%); and

 Viet Nam: Crocodylus siamensis (23%).

Quotas for species/country combinations where positive opinion applies to specific quota  Cameroon: Prunus africana (11%). Quota increase from 974 853 kg of dry bark to 1 082 879 kg of dry bark. Current positive opinion for wild-sourced bark is “applicable to a total annual export quota of 974 853 kg of dry bark, divided between the following sub- quotas: North-west region: quota of 150 000 kg of dry bark; Mount Cameroon: quota of 130 000 kg of dry bark; Adamaoua: quota of 508 990 kg of dry bark; Kilum Ijim plantlife sanctuary: quota of 2 494 kg of dry bark; North-West region (out of community forests): quota of 25 589 kg of dry bark; and Centre region (Mount Banda and Mount We): quota of 157 780 kg of dry bark; subject to clear indication in the export permit of the origin”. Current negative opinion is applicable except where conditions under the positive opinion are met.

 Democratic Republic of the Congo: Prunus africana (127%). Quota increase from 102 000 kg of dry bark to 232 000 kg of dry bark. Current positive opinion is “subject to an annual quota of 72 000 kg of dry bark from Ibathama and Mwenda regions and subject to clear indication in the export permit of the origin”.

Quotas published by EU Member States  Romania: Canis lupus (733%). Quota increase from ‘30 trophies: skull, skin’ to ‘250 trophies: skull, skin’.

Taxa with decreased quotas in 11 2015

A number of quotas published in 2015 have decreased compared to quotas published in previous years.

A list of species for which quotas decreased in 2015 is presented in Table 4. Nine countries which published CITES export quotas in 2014 had not yet publish any quotas in 2015 at the time of writing. In addition, Madagascar published 89 quotas in 2015, compared with 174 quotas published in 2014; Indonesia published 45 in 2015 compared with 107 quotas in 2014; and the Democratic Republic of Congo published three quotas in 2015 compared with 16 quotas in 2014.

Furthermore, Guyana had increased most of its published quotas on a one-off basis for 2014 to account for a change in the quota year. Many of the quotas published by Guyana in 2015 have returned to 2013 levels, or even 2012 levels. These quota decreases are not included in Table 4, unless they did not return to pre-2014 levels. 1. Decreased quotas for species subject to import restrictions Two species/country combination with decreased quotas in 2015 are subject to current EU import suspensions:

 Candoia carinata/Indonesia; and

 Mantella aurantiaca/Madagascar.

One species/country combination with decreased quotas in 2015 is subject to current negative opinion by the SRG.

 Python regius/Ghana (source R).

2. Other quotas of note

Quotas for artificially propagated or captive born/bred specimens Non-Acipenseriformes Decreased quotas for artificially propagated or captive born/bred specimens were published by Colombia (four species), Ghana (one species), Nicaragua (two species), the United Republic of Tanzania (one species) and Uzbekistan (one species) (Table 4). Acipenseriformes Iran published decreased quotas for meat from aquacultured specimens of five species: Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, A. nudiventris, A. persicus, A. stellatus and Huso huso; and one decreased quota for caviar from aquacultured specimens of A. stellatus.

Table 2: Taxa subject to newly established quotas in 2015. 12

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota Cameroon Loxodonta africana I/II A/B VU 80 raw ivory New quota for raw ivory, 2014 quota for 160 trophies and tusks. Change of term, now includes logs and veneer sheets. The 2014 quota was only for logs, sawn wood and Pericopsis elata II B EN 14 400 m3 sawn wood. Current positive opinion formed on 20/12/2005 and last confirmed veneer sheets 12/03/2009. Croatia joined the EU in 2013; all EU Member States have published zero quotas for Croatia Anguilla anguilla II B CR 0 wild-taken wild-taken specimens of this species since 2010. live rock [Note: see Cuba Scleractinia spp. II B 20 000 kg Resolution Conf. 11.10 (Rev. CoP15)] In 2008 and 2009, Ethiopia published a quota for 1500 kg musk from ranched Ethiopia Civettictis civetta III C LC 3000 kg musk specimens. Species is widespread globally and generally common. No quota in the last 5 years; previously, quota for 2000 live individuals published in Chamaeleo 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009. The species does not appear to occur in Ethiopia; it II B LC 2000 senegalensis occurs in West Africa, from Senegal to Cameroon. The quota may therefore refer to specimens from other sources than wild. Fiji Scleractinia spp. II B 315 075 kg live rock

Astreopora spp. II B 2065 pieces, live or dead Six species reported from Fiji: five LC, one VU. Previous zero quota 2003/4/5. Eight species reported from Fiji: five LC, two VU, one Leptoseris spp. II B 602 pieces, live or dead not yet assessed. Catalaphyllia jardinei II B VU 875 pieces, live or dead Current no opinion formed 15/01/2004.

Euphyllia paraancora II B VU 1575 pieces, live or dead

Tubastraea faulkneri II B 840 pieces, live or dead

Tubastraea micranthus II B 1750 pieces, live or dead

1 SRG opinions are for wild-sourced specimens unless stated otherwise. No opinion i) – no significant trade anticipated; No opinion ii) – decision deferred; No opinion iii) – referral to the SRG.

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 13 Diploastrea heliopora II B NT 1899 pieces, live or dead

Leptastrea spp. II B 100 pieces, live or dead Three species reported from Fiji: all LC.

Acanthastrea spp. II B 2436 pieces, live or dead Six species reported from Fiji: one LC, two NT, three VU. Previous zero quota published annually from 2003 to 2009. Five species reported Symphyllia spp. II B 2303 pieces, live or dead from Fiji: four LC, one VU. Echinophyllia spp. II B 3350 pieces, live or dead Five species reported from Fiji: four LC, one not yet assessed.

Oxypora spp. II B 1113 pieces, live or dead Previous zero quota from 2003 to 2005. Three species reported from Fiji, all LC.

Psammocora spp. II B 1253 pieces, live or dead No opinion i) for wild-sourced corals formed 07/11/2014. Other notable quotas in place for live specimens and skins. Current positive opinion Caiman crocodilus Guyana II B LC 50 leather products (small) formed 14/09/2007 for Caiman crocodilus and confirmed for wild-sourced Caiman crocodilus crocodilus crocodilus on 08/12/2014. skins and skin New quota for ranched specimens. Previous quota in 2014 for same quantity and Indonesia Crocodylus porosus I/II A/B LC 9300 products/live, ranched trade terms, but no source was specified. The 2015 quota was published for subspecies Morelia spilota harrisoni. Previous Morelia spilota II B 300 live quotas were published for M. s. variegata, which is restricted to Northern Australia (Schleip and O’Shea, 2010). Eleven species reported from Indonesia: five LC, two NT, one VU, one EN, one DD, Echinophyllia spp. II B 1500 live one not yet assessed. Identification to genus level is acceptable (Notification No. 2013/035). Three species reported from Indonesia: all LC. Identification to genus level is Oxypora spp. II B 1000 live acceptable (Notification No. 2013/035). Iran Acipenser baerii II B EN 100 kg caviar (aquaculture)

Acipenser baerii II B EN 6000 kg meat (aquaculture)

Acipenser ruthenus II B VU 100 kg caviar (aquaculture)

Acipenser ruthenus II B VU 0 kg meat (aquaculture) New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Madagascar Calumma boettgeri II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma brevicorne II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 07/02/2013. Calumma gastrotaenia II B LC 500 live New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified.

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 14 Current no opinion i) formed 07/02/2013.

New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma guillaumeti II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma malthe II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma marojezense II B NT 300 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma nasutum II B LC 1000 live Current no opinion i) formed 07/02/2013. Calumma New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. II B VU 250 live oshaughnessyi Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Calumma parsonii II B NT 300 live Current no opinion ii) formed 03/09/2014. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Furcifer antimena II B VU 150 live Current no opinion i) formed 07/02/2013. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Furcifer bifidus II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Furcifer petteri II B VU 100 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Furcifer willsii II B LC 500 live Current no opinion i) formed 02/12/2011. New quota term. Previous quota for same quantity, but term was not specified. Uroplatus sameiti II B LC 500 live Suspension 4.6(b) valid since 03/09/2008 and last confirmed 04/09/2014. New quota term. Previous zero quota for the same source, but term not specified. Malaysia Chitra chitra I A CR 0 live, wild-taken Current suspension 4.6(b) for wild-sourced specimens since 21/05/2009 and last (Peninsular) confirmed 04/09/2014.

Scleractinia spp. II B 448 000 substrate Unit not specified in quota. 69 species reported from Malaysia: 17 LC, 19 NT, 22 VU, 10 DD and one not yet Acropora spp. II B 128 500 live, wild-taken assessed. Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Acropora spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. Montipora spp. II B 10 780 live, wild-taken 40 species reported from Malaysia: 14 LC, 10 NT, 14 VU, two not yet assessed.

Leptoseris spp. II B 260 live, wild-taken Nine species reported from Malaysia: eight LC, one VU.

Pachyseris spp. II B 1080 live, wild-taken Four species reported from Malaysia, two LC, one NT, one VU.

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 15 13 species reported from Malaysia: six LC, one NT, four VU, one DD, one not yet Pavona spp. II B 6680 live, wild-taken assessed. Six species reported from Malaysia: three NT, two VU, one not yet assessed. Euphyllia spp. II B 200 live, wild-taken Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced raw Euphyllia spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. Turbinaria spp. II B 1860 live, wild-taken Six species reported from Malaysia: two LC, four VU.

Diploastrea heliopora II B NT 63 600 live, wild-taken

Echinopora spp. II B 1360 live, wild-taken Six species reported from Malaysia: three LC, three NT.

Favia spp. II B 1400 live, wild-taken Eleven species reported from Malaysia: five LC, six NT.

Favites spp. II B 1200 live, wild-taken Nine species reported from Malaysia: one LC, eight NT.

Platygyra spp. II B 1660 live, wild-taken Seven species reported from Malaysia: four LC, three NT.

Hydnophora spp. II B 360 live, wild-taken Four species reported from Malaysia: two LC, two NT. Six species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one NT, one VU. Current no opinion i) Lobophyllia spp. II B 740 live, wild-taken for trade in wild-sourced Lobophyllia spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. Symphyllia spp. II B 1240 live, wild-taken Five species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one VU.

Galaxea spp. II B 1000 live, wild-taken Two species reported from Malaysia: one NT, one VU.

Echinophyllia spp. II B 800 live, wild-taken Six species reported from Malaysia: five LC, one not yet assessed. Six species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one NT, one VU. Current no opinion i) Pocillopora spp. II B 2400 live, wild-taken for trade in wild-sourced Pocillopora spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. Goniopora spp. II B 800 live, wild-taken 14 species reported from Malaysia: eight LC, five NT and one VU. 21 species reported from Malaysia: nine LC, six NT, two VU, two EN, one DD, one Porites spp. II B 74 420 live, wild-taken not yet assessed. Tubipora musica II B NT 1000 live, wild-taken Current no opinion i) for wild-sourced corals formed 02/12/2011. Five species reported from Malaysia (Böhme, 2003; Pianka et al., 2004). Varanus salvator is common and widespread (Pianka et al., 2004), and LC; V. bengalensis is Malaysia Varanus spp. II B 3000 all LC, while V. dumerilii, V. nebulosus and V. rudicollis have not yet been assessed by (Sabah) IUCN. V. dumerilii and V. rudicollis are rare in populated areas and little known (Pianka et al., 2004).

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 16 Sphyrna lewini II B EN 0 all Malaysia (Sabah) Sphyrna mokarran II B EN 0 all (cont.) Manta alfredi II B VU 0 all

Manta birostris II B VU 0 all

Scleractinia spp. II B 120 000 substrate Unit not specified in quota. live, wild-taken (not 69 species reported from Malaysia: 17 LC, 19 NT, 22 VU, 10 DD, one not yet Acropora spp. II B 5175 identifiable to species assessed. Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Acropora spp. at genus level) level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Anacropora spp. II B 2006 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia: one LC, three VU, one EN. level) live, wild-taken (not Astreopora spp. II B 461 identifiable to species Eight species reported from Malaysia: six LC, one NT, one VU. level) live, wild-taken (not Montipora spp. II B 1012 identifiable to species 40 species reported from Malaysia: 14 LC, 10 NT, 14 VU, two not yet assessed. level) live, wild-taken (not Leptoseris spp. II B 725 identifiable to species Nine species reported from Malaysia: eight LC, one VU. level) live, wild-taken (not Pachyseris spp. II B 1120 identifiable to species Four species reported from Malaysia, two LC, one NT, one VU. level) live, wild-taken (not 13 species reported from Malaysia: six LC, one NT, four VU, one DD, one not yet Pavona spp. II B 1211 identifiable to species assessed. level) Catalaphyllia jardinei II B VU 622 live, wild-taken live, wild-taken (not Six species reported from Malaysia: three NT and two VU and one not yet assessed. Euphyllia spp. II B 2425 identifiable to species Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced raw Euphyllia spp. at genus level from level) Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Physogyra spp. II B 675 identifiable to species One species reported from Malaysia assessed as VU. level)

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 17 Plerogyra turbida II B VU 448 live, wild-taken Malaysia (Sabah) live, wild-taken (not (cont.) Dendrophyllia spp. II B DD 725 identifiable to species One species reported from Malaysia: DD. level) live, wild-taken (not Three species reported from Malaysia, not yet assessed by IUCN. Current no Tubastraea spp. II B 394 identifiable to species opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Tubastraea spp. at genus level from Malaysia level) formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Turbinaria spp. II B 3660 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: two LC, four VU. level) live, wild-taken (not Caulastraea spp. II B 445 identifiable to species Four species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT, two VU. level) live, wild-taken (not Cyphastrea spp. II B 448 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia, all LC. level) Diploastrea heliopora II B NT 1048 live, wild-taken live, wild-taken (not Echinopora spp. II B 834 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: three LC, three NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Favia spp. II B 1284 identifiable to species Eleven species reported from Malaysia: five LC, six NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Favites spp. II B 1172 identifiable to species Nine species reported from Malaysia: one LC, eight NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Goniastrea spp. II B 2141 identifiable to species Eight species reported from Malaysia: five LC, three NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Leptastrea spp. II B 550 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia: three LC, two NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Montastrea spp. II B 886 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: one LC, four NT, one VU. level)

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 18 Malaysia live, wild-taken (not (Sabah) Platygyra spp. II B 1284 identifiable to species Seven species reported from Malaysia: four LC, three NT. (cont.) level) live, wild-taken (not Three species reported from Malaysia: two LC, one NT. Current no opinion i) for Ctenactis spp. II B 675 identifiable to species trade in wild-sourced Ctenactis spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed level) 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not One species reported from Malaysia: not yet assessed by the IUCN but reported to Cycloseris spp. II B 445 identifiable to species be rare (Veron, 2000). level) live, wild-taken (not Twenty species reported from Malaysia: 16 LC and one NT, three not yet assessed. Fungia spp. II B 776 identifiable to species Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Fungia spp. at genus level from level) Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Lithophyllon spp. II B 1075 identifiable to species Three species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT, one EN. level) Polyphyllia talpina II B LC 1150 live, wild-taken live, wild-taken (not Hydnophora spp. II B 774 identifiable to species Four species reported from Malaysia: two LC, two NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Acanthastrea spp. II B 550 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: one LC, three NT, two VU. level) live, wild-taken (not Blastomussa spp. II B 328 identifiable to species Two species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT. level) Cynarina lacrymalis II B NT 340 live, wild-taken live, wild-taken (not Six species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one NT, one VU. Current no opinion i) Lobophyllia spp. II B 1290 identifiable to species for trade in wild-sourced Lobophyllia spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed level) 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Scolymia spp. II B 433 identifiable to species Two species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT. level) live, wild-taken (not Symphyllia spp. II B 672 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one VU. level)

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 19 Malaysia live, wild-taken (not (Sabah) Galaxea spp. II B 1184 identifiable to species Two species reported from Malaysia: one NT, one VU. (cont.) level) live, wild-taken (not Echinophyllia spp. II B 4625 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: five LC and one not yet assessed. level) live, wild-taken (not Oxypora spp. II B 440 identifiable to species Three species reported from Malaysia all LC. level) live, wild-taken (not Six species reported from Malaysia: four LC, one NT, one VU. Current no opinion i) Pocillopora spp. II B 2288 identifiable to species for trade in wild-sourced Pocillopora spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed level) 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Two species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT. Current no opinion i) for trade Seriatopora spp. II B 12 738 identifiable to species in wild-sourced Seriatopora spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. level) live, wild-taken (not Three species reported from Malaysia: one LC, one NT, one not yet assessed. Stylophora spp. II B 967 identifiable to species Current no opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Stylophora spp. at genus level from level) Malaysia formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Alveopora spp. II B 435 identifiable to species Six species reported from Malaysia: two NT, three VU, one EN. level) live, wild-taken (not Goniopora spp. II B 1794 identifiable to species 14 species reported from Malaysia: eight LC, five NT, one VU. level) live, wild-taken (not 21 species reported from Malaysia: nine LC, six NT, two VU, two EN, one DD, one Porites spp. II B 13 500 identifiable to species not yet assessed. level) live, wild-taken (not Coscinaraea spp. II B 234 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia: three LC, two not yet assessed. level) live, wild-taken (not Eight species reported from Malaysia: five LC, two NT and one DD. Current no Psammocora spp. II B 585 identifiable to species opinion i) for trade in wild-sourced Psammocora spp. at genus level from Malaysia level) formed 07/11/2014. live, wild-taken (not Siderastrea spp. II B 998 identifiable to species One species (S. savignyana, LC) reported from Malaysia. level)

IUCN 2015 Country Taxon Appendix Annex Quota notes Notes1 Red list quota 20 Malaysia Trachyphyllia geoffroyi II B NT 440 live, wild-taken (Sabah) (cont.) Tubipora musica II B NT 948 live, wild-taken Current no opinion i) for wild-sourced coral formed 02/12/2011. live, wild-taken (not Millepora spp. II B 2262 identifiable to species Five species reported from Malaysia all LC. level) live, wild-taken (not One species, Distichopora violacea, reported from Malaysia, not yet assessed by Distichopora spp. II B 2284 identifiable to species IUCN but reported to be "a common sight" on Indo-Pacific reefs (Veron, 2000). level) live, wild-taken (not Five species reported from Malaysia: two NT, two VU, one DD. Current no opinion i) Pectinia spp. II B 338 identifiable to species for trade in wild-sourced Pectinia spp. at genus level from Malaysia formed level) 07/11/2014. wood chips, wood Malaysia Change of source from unspecified to wild-sourced. Current no opinion ii) formed Aquilaria spp. II B 5000 kg blocks and essential oil, (Sarawak) 08/12/2014 for wild-sourced Aquilaria from Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah. wild - Sarawak. Change of purpose (quota published in 2012 specified as personal effects) [Note: Namibia Panthera pardus I A NT 250 trophies see Resolution Conf. 10.14 (Rev. CoP16)]. New quota for artificially propagated bulbs, in addition to quota of 3 000 000 wild- artificially propagated Turkey Galanthus woronowii II B 2 000 000 taken bulbs. Quotas published in 2012, 2013 and 2014 were for wild-sourced bulbs. bulbs Current positive opinion formed 16/02/2010. United Change in term (quota published in 2012 specified trophies and skins). [Note: see Republic of Panthera pardus I A NT 500 trophies Resolution Conf. 10.14 (Rev. CoP16)]. Tanzania Change in term for five Acipenseridae taxa: A. gueldenstaedtii (CR), A. nudiventris Ukraine Various Acipenseridae II B 0 All specimens (CR), A. ruthenus (VU), A. stellatus (CR) and Huso huso (CR). Previous zero quotas for caviar, fertilized eggs, fingerlings and meat. Uzbekistan Testudo horsfieldii II B VU 5000 live, captive bred

Table 3: Taxa subject to increased quotas in 2015. 21 Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Increase % Increase Notes2

live and Export quotas established by the Botswana Acinonyx jubatus I A VU 5 0 5 5 - trophies Conference of the Parties. Current positive opinion for wild- sourced bark formed 30/11/2012; last confirmed 03/09/2014 with note: Applicable to a total annual export quota of 974 853 kg of dry bark, divided between the following sub-quotas: North-west region: quota of 150 000 kg of dry bark; Mount Cameroon: quota of 130 000 kg of dry bark; Adamaoua: quota of 508 990 kg of dry bark; Kilum Ijim plantlife 634 763 974 853 1 082 879 108026 Cameroon Prunus africana II B VU dry bark 11% sanctuary: quota of 2 494 kg of dry kg kg kg kg bark; North-West region (out of community forests): quota of 25 589 kg of dry bark; and Centre region (Mount Banda and Mount We): quota of 157 780 kg of dry bark; subject to clear indication in the export permit of the origin. Current negative opinion formed 14/09/2007; last confirmed 30/11/2009, applicable except where conditions under the positive opinion are met. live, captive- Colombia Dendrobates auratus II B LC 450 430 520 90 21% bred live, captive- Phyllobates aurotaenia II B NT 620 1055 1134 79 8% bred live, captive- Phyllobates terribilis II B EN 240 1050 1063 13 1% bred

2 SRG opinions are for wild-sourced specimens unless stated otherwise. No opinion i) – no significant trade anticipated; No opinion ii) – decision deferred; No opinion iii) – referral to the SRG.

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Increase % Increase Notes2 Current positive opinion formed 22 30/11/2012; last confirmed 09/04/2015, subject to an annual Democratic 102 000 130 000 quota of 72 000 kg of dry bark Republic of Prunus africana II B VU 72 000 kg 232 000 kg dry bark 127% kg kg from Ibathama and Mwenda the Congo regions and subject to clear indication in the export permit of the origin. Quota for 10 trophies published between 2008 and 2012. Ethiopia Canis aureus III C LC 20 trophies 10 100% Widespread and fairly common throughout its range. Quota for 10 trophies published in 2012; quota for 500 trophies published between 2008 and Panthera pardus I A NT 50 trophies 40 500% 2011. Resolution Conf. 10.14 (Rev. CoP16) specifies a maximum harvest quota of 500. Current positive opinion formed pieces, live or Fiji Pachyseris rugosa II B VU 985 985 1500 515 52% 14/09/2010; last confirmed dead 07/11/2014. pieces, live or Nine species reported from Fiji: Favia spp. II B 4800 4800 5600 800 17% dead four LC, five NT. pieces, live or Seven species reported from Fiji: Goniastrea spp. II B 2701 2701 3500 799 30% dead five LC, two NT. One species reported from Fiji: not pieces, live or Acrhelia spp. II B LC 600 600 1300 700 117% yet assessed. Previous quotas dead published for Acrhelia horrescens. pieces, live or Three species reported from Fiji: Pectinia spp. II B 1500 1500 1670 170 11% dead one NT, two VU. Current negative opinion for artificially artificially propagated plants Guatemala Tillandsia xerographica II B 391 572 310 220 421 570 propagated 111 350 36% without cataphylls formed live plants 03/12/2010; last confirmed 07/02/2013.

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Increase % Increase Notes2 Current positive opinion for wild- 23 skins and Indonesia Ptyas mucosus II B 89 550 89 550 89 559 9 <1% sourced specimens formed skin products 20/06/2011. Current positive opinion for wild- skins and Python reticulatus II B 157 500 157 500 158 490 990 <1% sourced specimens formed skin products 08/12/2014. Current suspension 4.6(b) for wild Pelochelys cantorii II B EN 50 50 54 live 4 8% specimens since 01/10/2007. Current positive opinion for live, wild-sourced specimens formed Euphyllia ancora II B VU 21 000 20 000 21 000 live 1000 5% 07/11/2014. Current no opinion i) for trade in raw, wild-sourced Euphyllia spp. at genus level formed 07/11/2014. Current negative opinion for wild- sourced specimens (except Plerogyra turbida II B VU 12 000 11 000 12 000 live 1000 9% maricultured specimens attached to artificial substrates) formed 08/12/2014. Eleven species reported from Indonesia: two LC, one NT, seven VU, one not yet assessed. Current Turbinaria spp. II B 15 000 14 000 15 000 live 1000 7% positive opinion for trade in wild- sourced Turbinaria spp. at genus level formed 08/12/2014; last confirmed 09/04/2015. Polyphyllia talpina II B LC 8000 7000 8000 live 1000 14% Nineteen species reported from Indonesia: 10 LC, five NT, four VU. Current positive opinion for trade Goniopora spp. II B 45 000 39 000 45 000 live 6000 15% in wild-sourced Goniopora spp. at genus level formed 08/12/2014; last confirmed 09/04/2015.

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Increase % Increase Notes2 Current positive opinion for wild- 24 sourced specimens formed 07/11/2014. Current positive Goniopora lobata II B NT 41 000 35 000 41 000 live 6000 17% opinion for trade in wild-sourced Goniopora spp. at genus level formed 08/12/2014; last confirmed 09/04/2015. Current positive opinion for wild- sourced specimens formed 07/11/2014. Current positive Goniopora stokesi II B NT 45 000 39 000 44 000 live 5000 13% opinion for trade in wild-sourced Goniopora spp. at genus level formed 08/12/2014; last confirmed 09/04/2015. Thirty-six species reported from Indonesia: 11 LC, eight NT, nine VU, two EN, one CR, two DD, three not yet assessed. Current Porites spp. II B 37 500 35 000 36 500 live 1500 4% positive opinion for trade in wild- sourced Porites spp. at genus level formed 08/12/2014; last confirmed 09/04/2015. trimmings for Current no opinion i) for wild Nicaragua Strombus gigas II B 20 109 kg 20 109 kg 20 151 kg scientific 42 kg <1% specimens formed 07/02/2013. purposes Current no opinion i) for wild meat for specimens formed 07/02/2013. Strombus gigas II B 45 359 kg 45 359 kg 45 454 kg scientific 95 kg <1% (Quota also published in lb, which purposes is unchanged from 2014). trophies: Romania Canis lupus II B LC 30 30 250 220 733% EU Member State. skull, skin trophies: Felis silvestris II A 20 20 30 10 50% EU Member State. skull, skin trophies: Ursus arctos II A LC 200 200 250 50 25% EU Member State. skull, skin

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Increase % Increase Notes2 artificially Current positive opinion formed 25 Turkey Galanthus elwesii II B DD 1 000 000 1 500 000 3 000 000 propagated 1 500 000 100% 26/05/2008; last confirmed bulbs 16/02/2010. artificially Current positive opinion formed Cyclamen cilicium II B 200 000 200 000 300 000 propagated 100 000 50% 26/05/2008; last confirmed tubers 16/02/2010. Current positive opinion formed tubers, wild- Cyclamen cilicium II B 100 000 100 000 200 000 100 000 100% 26/05/2008; last confirmed taken 16/02/2010. Current positive opinion formed tubers, wild- Cyclamen coum II B 600 000 600 000 700 000 100 000 17% 14/09/2007; last confirmed taken 16/02/2010. artificially Current positive opinion formed Cyclamen coum II B 150 000 150 000 250 000 propagated 100 000 67% 14/09/2007; last confirmed tubers 16/02/2010. live; only F1 specimens with a United carapace Export quotas resulting from Republic of Malacochersus tornieri II A VU 510 530 900 length of 8 370 70% AC/SC recommendations. Tanzania cm or less (Note: see Notif. 2014/039) Change of term (from ‘live’). F1 Stigmochelys pardalis II B 5735 7000 9200 2200 31% Current positive opinion formed specimens 29/10/2001 for F < 8 cm. live, wild- Uzbekistan Gypaetus barbatus II A NT 3 1 50% Increase from quota of 2 for 2010. taken live, wild- Varanus griseus I A 5 1 25 % Increase from quota of 4 in 2010. taken live, captive- Viet Nam Crocodylus siamensis I A CR 48 000 62 000 76 000 14 000 23% bred

Table 4: Taxa subject to decreased quotas in 2015. 26 Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Decrease % Decrease Notes3

Colombia Tupinambis teguixin II B 4692 13 272 1297 live, captive-bred 11 975 90%

Boa constrictor II B 15 100 17 353 3321 live, captive-bred 14 032 81% Current no opinion iii) for wild- Chelonoidis sourced specimen formed II B 7163 8184 4394 live, captive-bred 3790 46% carbonaria 25/06/1997, last confirmed 25/06/2004. Dendrobates II B LC 1591 1115 566 live, captive-bred 549 49% truncatus 2223.373 Previously separate quotas m3 logs; published for these terms. Current Congo Pericopsis elata II B EN 5039.087 6309 m3 logs, sawn wood 953.46 m3 13% no opinion iii) formed 30/06/2009, m3 sawn last confirmed 11/02/2013. wood Current no opinion ii) for wild- sourced specimens formed 08/12/2014: imports can only be accepted from the 9 forestry titles Democratic 25 000 25 000 23 240 logs, sawn wood, for which management inventories Republic of Pericopsis elata II B EN 1760 m3 7% m3 m3 m3 veneer sheets have been submitted by the Congo companies to the DRC forestry administration before 31 October 2014, corresponding to an overall quota of 23 240 m³. Hippopotamus Current no opinion formed Ethiopia II B VU 6 10 6 trophies 4 40% amphibius 27/01/1999. Current negative opinion for ranched specimens formed Ghana Python regius II B LC 60 000 6000 Ranched 54 000 90% 06/12/2013 and confirmed 27/02/2014. Quota did not return to 2013 or Guyana Epicrates maurus II B 1000 1540 1270 270 18% 2012 levels, unlike the majority of other quotas from Guyana. Current suspension 4.6(b) for wild- Indonesia Candoia carinata II B 1080 1080 800 live 280 26% sourced specimens in place 04/09/2014.

3 SRG opinions are for wild-sourced specimens unless stated otherwise. No opinion i) – no significant trade anticipated; No opinion ii) – decision deferred; No opinion iii) – referral to the SRG.

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Decrease % Decrease Notes3 Current positive opinion for wild- Indonesia 27 Ptyas mucosus II B 450 450 441 live 9 2% sourced specimens formed (cont.) 20/06/2011. Current positive opinion formed Python brongersmai II B LC 2250 2250 2100 live 150 7% 27/03/2007. skins and skin Current positive opinion, subject to Python curtus II B LC 1890 2700 2070 630 23% products use of quotas, formed 19/04/2004. Current positive opinion for wild- Python reticulatus II B 4500 4500 3510 live 990 22% sourced specimens formed 08/12/2014. Six species reported from Indonesia, none assessed. Current Fungia spp. II B 24 500 28 500 27 500 live 1000 4% positive opinion for wild-sourced specimens formed 08/12/2014. Three species reported from Montipora spp. II B 4000 4000 3000 live 1000 25% Indonesia: three not yet assessed. Mycedium II B LC 2500 1500 live 1000 40% elephantotus Acipenser meat Iran II B CR 500 1000 500 500 50% gueldenstaedtii (aquaculture) Acipenser meat II B CR No quota 1000 0 1000 100% nudiventris (aquaculture) meat Acipenser persicus II B CR 500 1000 500 500 50% (aquaculture) Current negative opinion for wild- Acipenser stellatus II B CR 20 150 100 caviar 50 33% sourced specimens formed 03/12/2010. meat Acipenser stellatus II B CR 500 1000 500 500 50% (aquaculture) meat Huso huso II B CR 35 000 250 000 50 000 200 000 80% (aquaculture) Current suspension 4.6(b) for wild- Madagascar Mantella aurantiaca II B CR 550 280 270 49% sourced specimens since 18/02/2005. live, wild-taken - 2013 quota was for 2000 live Malaysia Naja sumatrana II B LC 2000 1000 850 Peninsular 150 15% specimens from Peninsular Malaysia Malaysia. Nicaragua Iguana iguana II B 5000 5000 2000 live, captive-bred 3000 60%

Boa constrictor II B 10 000 3000 2500 live, captive-bred 500 17%

Country Taxon Appendix Annex IUCN Red list 2013 2014 2015 Quota notes Decrease % Decrease Notes3

Romania Hirudo medicinalis II B NT 60 000 46 000 40 000 live, captive-bred 6000 13% EU Member State. 28 Current positive opinion formed Turkey Galanthus elwesii II B DD 5 500 000 5 000 000 4 000 000 bulbs, wild-taken 1 000 000 20% 26/05/2008; last confirmed 16/02/2010. Current positive opinion formed Galanthus II B 3 500 000 3 500 000 3 000 000 bulbs, wild-taken 500 000 14% 23/06/1999; last confirmed woronowii 16/02/2010. United Republic of Kinixys belliana II B 125 60 20 F1 specimens 40 67% Tanzania Uzbekistan Accipiter gentilis II A LC 150 150 100 live, wild-taken 50 33%

Milvus migrans II A LC 20 20 10 live, wild-taken 10 50%

Bubo bubo II A LC 6 2 live, wild-taken 4 67% Current positive opinion formed 08/12/2014 for ranched specimens with carapace length < 8 cm. No Testudo horsfieldii II B VU 45 000 50 000 45 000 live, ranched 5000 10% opinion i) formed 27/02/2014 for source F specimens with carapace length 6-8 cm. References Böhme, W. 2003. Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (family Varanidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen: 341: 3-43. Forsman, Z.H., Guzman, H.M., Chen, C. a., Fox, G.E. and Wellington, G.M. 2005. An ITS region phylogeny of Siderastrea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa): Is S. glynni endangered or introduced? Coral Reefs, 24(2): 343–347. IUCN 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org/. [Accessed: 15/03/2015]. Pianka, E.R., King, D.R. and King, R.A. 2004. Varanoid lizards of the world. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, USA. -588 pp. Schleip, W.D. and O’Shea, M. 2010. Annotated checklist of the recent and extinct pythons (Serpentes, Pythonidae), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution. ZooKeys, 66: 29–79. UNEP-WCMC. 2014. Review of corals from Indonesia (coral species subject to EU decisions where identification to genus level is acceptable for trade purposes). UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. UNEP-WCMC. 2015. Review of corals from Fiji, Haiti, Solomon Islands and Tonga (coral species subject to EU decisions where identification to genus level is acceptable for trade purposes). UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. Veron, J.E.N. 2000. Corals of the world. 3rd Ed. Stafford-Smith, M. (Ed.). Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia.